01 Introduction-V2.6

Infraestructures del
Transport Aeri
Course presentation
Xavier Prats
xavier.prats@upc.edu
February 2019 – Version 2.6
ITA Lecturers
Xavier Prats - Coordinator Marc Pérez Batlle

Follow @XPratsUPC Office C4-015
Ajuntament de Barcelona
Office C3-104
Marc Torres
Marc Melgosa Office C3-119
Office C3-121 Pildo Labs (www.pildo.com)
ICARUS research group Alex Ramonjoan

www.icarus.upc.edu Office C3-119
Pildo Labs
UPC researchers
Santi Vilardaga
Office C3-119
Pildo Labs
External lecturers
Introduction – 2 Xavier Prats

Infraestructures del Transport Aeri (ITA) February 2019 – v2.6
Introduction
First, some nice videos…
• World Traffic 24h

http://youtu.be/G1L4GUA8arY
• European Traffic 24h

http://youtu.be/s2b06qtqpp4
http://youtu.be/cQTAfIf_AOk
• North America Traffic Sep 11th 2001

http://youtu.be/bo1ZtpKqlYw

Course organisation
2 Course groups in the same class:

Theoretical
Morning: 3A11
lectures Afternoon: 3A21 + 3A22
Pairs within Course

Assignments Groups
Project groups:
Project 4 people within Course Groups
ATC
Special sessions with course groups
simulations
ATC: Air Traffic Control

Course organisation
All course
organisation in the
ITA planning
Unique official
source !!!

Course organisation
Any update in the ITA planning or regarding Atenea contents

will be always communicated via the Atenea Forum
Changes with respect to

Version and previous version
issue date

Course organisation
• You are responsible to check the ITA planning yourselves in order

to see the activities planned for next session
• If the activity is an assignment, check its Statement of Work
(SoW) before the session in order to see eventual special
requirements (previous work, special material to bring at class…)

Course organisation
• Example of SoW:

Course organisation
• Example of SoW:

ITA Lecturers
Lecturer
in charge
Theoretical content
M. Melgosa + M. Pérez + X. Prats
and assignments
ATC simulations M. Melgosa + M. Pérez + X. Prats
Project WP1 M. Melgosa (morning) / A. Ramonjoan (afternoon)
Project WP2 Marc Torres + Xavier Prats
Project WP3 Marc Pérez + Santi Vilardaga

ITA Lecturers
• No student support by e-mail
Xavier Prats • Student support at the office only at the
given schedule (check Atenea)
Marc Pérez • No student support by e-mail

• Student support at the office after
Marc Melgosa appointment (by e-mail).
Santi Vilardaga • Student support by e-mail

Marc Torres • Student support at the office after
appointment (by e-mail).
Alex Ramonjoan
e-mail queries related with course coordination and

Only Xavier Prats unusual situations (illness…)
ITA Lecturers
• No student support by e-mail
Xavier Prats • Student support at the office only at the
given schedule (check Atenea)
Availability support calendar for Xavier published in Atenea:

ITA project
ITA project
WP1
WP2 WP3
CDO/CCO
RNAV flight Literature review
implementation
procedures design in ATM Eventual and
assessment
external support
at the office
given only by the
Support sessions allocated in
corresponding
the course planning
lecturer in charge
CCO: continuous climb operations RNAV: Area Navigation

CDO: Continuous descent operations ATM: Air traffic management

ITA project: WP1

ITA project: WP2

ITA project: WP3

ITA project
Project Deliverables
According to ITA planning v1.0 (subject to changes)
• WP1 report deadline: Apr 14th 2019 23h55’
• WP2 practical test: June 12/13/14 2019 (TBC)
• WP3 presentations: May 27th in class (week 13)
Hard deadlines (Score=0 if delivered late)
Deliverable group score will be only given to those students

with their names appearing in the cover page
TBC: To be confirmed

ATC simulations

ATC simulations

ATC simulations (ATC “week”)
Tue Apr 23rd Wed Apr 24th Thu Apr 25th
8h
ATC1: UIR* ATC2: CTR*
10h
ATC1: UIR* ATC2: CTR* ATC3: TMA*
12h
ATC2: CTR* ATC1: UIR* ATC3: TMA
14h
18h
ATC3: TMA
20h
3A11 group 3A21 group UIR: Upper Information Region

CTR: Control area (final approach)
3A22 group TMA: Terminal Maneuvering Area
* Special session

Course evaluation
Mid-term
Airspace exam
Theoretical
lectures types test 9% 20%
IAC analysis
Assignments test Final
13.5%
exam
Group and 25%

Project individual 27.5%
evaluation
Overall
ATC progress
simulations
5%
ATC: Air Traffic Control
Atenea organisation
Have you ALL received the

test announcement?

Atenea organisation

Atenea organisation

This is also a
library !!!
Course bibliography
Cook, A. (Ed.), 2007. European air traffic management. principles, practice and research. Aldershot, England:
Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Vincent P. Galotti, 1997. The Future air navigation system (FANS) : communication, navigation, surveillance, air
traffic management. Aldershot, England Avebury Aviation.
Milovan S Brenlove, 2003. The Air traffic system: a commonsense guide. Ames Iowa State Press.
Michael S. Nolan, 2004. Fundamentals of air traffic control. Belmont, CA Thomson--Brooks/Cole.
FAA, 2004. Airplane Flying Handbook, U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration.
FAA/H/8083-3A. Available on-line
FAA, 2007. Instrument Flying Handbook, U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration.
FAA/H/8083-15B. Available on-line
FAA, 2015. Instrument Procedures Handbook U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation
Administration.FAA/H-8083-16A. Available on-line.
Jorge Ontiveros, 2001. Descubrir el control aéreo. Centro de documentación y publicaciones de AENA
Francisco J. Sáez-Nieto, Luis Pérez, Victor F. Gómez, 2002. La navegación aérea y el aeropuerto. Fundación Aena
Lucio Bianco, Paolo Del’Olmo, Amadeo R. Odoni, 2001. New Concepts and Methods in Air Traffic Management
(Transportation Analysis), Springer.
Lucio Bianco, Paolo Del’Olmo, Amadeo R. Odoni, 1997. Modelling and Simulation in Air Traffic Management
(Transportation Analysis), Springer.
Anne R. Isaac, Bert Ruitenberg, 1999. Air traffic control: human performance factors. Aldershot. Ashgate .
Moya, J. and Bernabé, M.A, 2011. Descibrir la Cartografía aeronáutica. Cent. de doc. y publicaciones de AENA
Course bibliography
ICAO, 2001. Procedures for Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic Management. International Civil Aviation
Organisation. 14th Ed. Montreal (Canada). Doc. 4444
ICAO, 2006. Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) - Volume I, Flight
Procedures. International Civil Aviation Organisation. ed. 5th Ed. Montreal (Canada). Doc. 8168
ICAO, 2006. Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) - Volume II,
Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures. International Civil Aviation Organisation. 5th Ed.
Montreal (Canada). Doc. 8168
ICAO, 1999. Manual of air traffic services data link applications. International Civil Aviation Organisation.
Montreal (Canada). Doc. 9694
Kerczewski, R.J.; Greenfeld, I.; Welch, B.W., "Communications, navigation and surveillance for improved
oceanic air traffic operations," Aerospace Conference IEEE , vol., no., pp.1799,1805, 5-12 March 2005
Parkinson, A., "Space-based ADS-B: A small step for technology a giant leap for ATM?," Digital
Communications - Enhanced Surveillance of Aircraft and Vehicles (TIWDC/ESAV), 2011 Tyrrhenian
International Workshop on , vol., no., pp.159,164, 12-14 Sept. 2011
Moya, J., “Contribución a la mejora de la expresión gráfica de las cartas aeronáuticas”. PhD thesis.
Technical University of Madrid. Department of Topography and Cartography. Jan 2016

Composition of
Project groups

Aviation stakeholders
Aircraft operators

Aircraft manufacturers

Research and development

agencies or institutions

National and international

authorities or safety agencies

Airports

Air navigation service providers

Air Navigation Services
ANS
CNS ATM S&R AIS MET
ASM ATFM ATS AIP NOTAM CIRC
ALS FIS ATC
ANS: Air Navigation Services ASM: AirSpace Management ALS: Alert Services
CNS: Communications, Navigation and Surveillance ATFM: Air Traffic Flow Management FIS: Flight Information Services
ATM: Air Traffic Management ATS: Air Traffic Services ATC: Air Traffic Control
S&R: Search and Rescue AIP: Aeronautical Information Publications
AIS: Air Information Services NOTAM: Notices to Airmen
MET: Meteorological Services CIRC: Circulars

Orders of magnitude

Orders of magnitude

Safety Capacity
Minimum
Safety levels Environmental
fixed Efficiency Impact !!!
beforehand
The goal of the ANS is to increase

Safety, Capacity and Efficiency levels
without degrading
Safety, Capacity and Efficiency levels
Capacity
l Establish maximum bounds
l In ATM capacity depends on:
§ Route structure and navigation accuracy
§ Communications channel saturation
§ Meteorological conditions
§ ATC officers or aircraft crew workload
l In the airport: runway, taxiway, apron and gate
l Capacity indicators should be established and
monitored periodically with regards to the traffic
Example of capacity indicator:
Barcelona airport runway system (Oct 95) à 40 operations/hour

Safety
l Each State must ensure a proper safety level for all
ANS processes and related equipment
l Ensure minimum levels of: Accuracy, Integrity,
Availability, Continuity of service
l Report and investigate Incidents and Accidents
Example of Safety indicator:

World accidents in 2004 (scheduled flights)
• Number of accidents: 9
• Number of fatalities: 203
• Accident rate: 0.005

Efficiency
l Measurement of the “Quality” of the provided
services
l Several efficiency indicators:
Difference between actual and estimated aircraft positions,
flight delays, economic costs, baggage lost…

Example: close parallel

approaches at KSFO

ATM system reaching its limits
From 2003 to 2008 in Europe: In 2010 in Europe:

• 20% traffic increase • 19.4 million minutes of total delay
• 61% total delay increase • Each flight was 49km longer (average)
[Eurocontrol, 2008] • Estimated costs of fragmentation of
airspace amounts to €4 billion a year.
[SESAR, 2011]
Source: [Ball,2010]
Source: SESAR, European ATM Master Plan, edition 2, Oct. 2012

ATM system reaching its limits
Single European Sky (SES) high-level objectives
• Increase safety x 10
• Increase capacity by 200%
• Reduce cost per flight by 50%
SESAR: Singly
• Reduce environmental impact by 10% European Sky ATM
Research
Change of paradigm in ATM

Thank you!!
Gràcies!!


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Infraestructures del

Xavier Prats - Coordinator Marc Pérez Batlle

ICARUS research group Alex Ramonjoan

Introduction – 2 Xavier Prats

First, some nice videos…

• World Traffic 24h

• European Traffic 24h

• North America Traffic Sep 11th 2001

Introduction – 3 Xavier Prats

2 Course groups in the same class:

Pairs within Course

ATC: Air Traffic Control

Introduction – 5 Xavier Prats

Any update in the ITA planning or regarding Atenea contents

Changes with respect to

Introduction – 6 Xavier Prats

• You are responsible to check the ITA planning yourselves in order

Introduction – 7 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 8 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 9 Xavier Prats

ATC simulations M. Melgosa + M. Pérez + X. Prats

Project WP1 M. Melgosa (morning) / A. Ramonjoan (afternoon)

Project WP2 Marc Torres + Xavier Prats

Project WP3 Marc Pérez + Santi Vilardaga

Introduction – 10 Xavier Prats

Marc Pérez • No student support by e-mail

Santi Vilardaga • Student support by e-mail

e-mail queries related with course coordination and

Availability support calendar for Xavier published in Atenea:

Introduction – 12 Xavier Prats

CCO: continuous climb operations RNAV: Area Navigation

Introduction – 13 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 14 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 15 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 16 Xavier Prats

Hard deadlines (Score=0 if delivered late)

Deliverable group score will be only given to those students

Introduction – 17 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 18 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 19 Xavier Prats

3A11 group 3A21 group UIR: Upper Information Region

Introduction – 20 Xavier Prats

Group and 25%

Have you ALL received the

Introduction – 22 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 23 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 24 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 27 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 28 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 29 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 30 Xavier Prats

Research and development

Introduction – 31 Xavier Prats

National and international

Introduction – 32 Xavier Prats

Introduction – 33 Xavier Prats

Air navigation service providers

Introduction – 34 Xavier Prats

CNS ATM S&R AIS MET

ASM ATFM ATS AIP NOTAM CIRC

ALS FIS ATC

Introduction – 35 Xavier Prats