Line distance protection REL670

Exercise 4 - Distance protection

communication scheme PU

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 Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Västerås
Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation

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Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

Distance protection communication scheme PU

On completion of this exercise you should be able to

 Understand the permissive underreaching communication scheme for distance protection
 Correctly set the parameters for the communication scheme
 Perform relay tests to verify the correct functionality of the communication scheme

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 Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

The permissive underreachning scheme in REL670-A32

In REL670-A32 the permissive underreaching communication scheme is engineered in this way:

- the carrier send signal is sent from the starting signal of zone 1
- the communication trip is issued by reception of the carrier receive signal together with starting signal
from zone 2.

The carrier receive signal is expected at the binary input of REL670.

In this section we will correctly set the REL670 to perform the permissive underreaching communication
scheme (PU) and will test the correct functionality.
The function blocks managing the communication scheme ZCPSCH and ZCRWPSCH are already engineered in
the REL670-A32 and they only need to be correctly set.

Relay settings

Distance protection settings are the same as for the previous exercise.

1. Prepare the settings for ZCPSCH

ZCPSCH is the function block managing the main logic necessary for implementing the communication
scheme.
By default, the REL670 is already prepared to perform
a permissive underreaching scheme.

Figure 1 shows the correct settings, and they are also

the default ones.
Pay attention to the tCoord time that should be set to
zero as normally, in permissive communication
schemes, there is no need to delay the relay operation.

Download (write) the settings into the REL670 (or just

verify that they are the correct ones)
Figure 1: Settings of the main logic (ZCPSCH) for PU scheme

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Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

2. Prepare the settings for ZCRWSCH

ZCRWSCH is the function responsible of managing the logic for weak end-infeed and current reversal.

Both logics must be set off for permissive

underreaching schemes as they are associated to
overreaching or blocking schemes.

Download (write) the settings into the REL670 (or

just verify that they are the correct ones)

Figure 2: Settings of the additional logic (ZCRWSCH ) for PU scheme

Injection tests

3. Connect the test set to REL670

Keep the analog connection test set  REL670 as before.

Keep the connection Trip contact REL670  test set as before.

The relay test set must simulate carrier signal sent by the relay at the other line-end by activating one binary
output.
Additionally connect:

IOM INPUT 2 (Carrier Receive, “ZM_CR”)  Binary Output 2 of the test set

IOM OUTPUT 5 (Carrier send, “XM_CS”)  Binary Input 5 of the test set

4. Open the Omicron test file simulating fault at 90% the line with the carrier sent by the remote relay

The test file is called REL670 PU Communication Scheme.seq. The file is available in the folder Files for SEP-
602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS on the desktop of your training PC.

This file simulates the following sequence:

- Pre-fault
- Fault at 90% of the line (in zone 2)
- Carrier received after 40 ms from the fault simulation (25 ms are simulating the relay starting time on
the remote line-end, and 15 me the transmission time of the carrier)

The sequence is shown in Figure 3.

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 Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

Figure 3: Sequence for testing PU scheme

5. Run the sequence and measure the operate time

The relay operate time can be measured with the help of the two cursors directly on the “time signal view”.

Notice an operate time

of ca 57 ms from the
fault injection (Figure
4).

Verify in the relay

disturbance recorder
that the operation was
done by the
communication scheme

Figure 4: Operate time of the PU scheme

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Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

Notice also a relay operate time of ca 17 ms from the reception of the carrier signal (Figure 5).
In reality the REL670 is much faster than that: it trips in some 10 ms from the reception of the carrier signal.

You can verify this by measuring with

another equipment the time from when
the carrier signal is present on the
relay binary input and when the relay
trip contact operates. You can also
verify this in the REL670 event list,
remember to add ca 3 ms for the
reaction time of the binary output.

Figure 5: Operate time from reception of the carrier signal

6. Remove the carrier signal and verify zone 2 trip

Remove the carrier receive signal from the test set and run the sequence again.
Verify that the REL670 operated by Zone 2 in 400 ms

7. Verify carrier send by REL670 (fault in zone1)

Reduce the fault voltage to 23 kV (10% of the nominal voltage) and increase the fault current, in order to
simulate a fault in zone
1. Remove also the
carrier simulation from
the test set (Figure 6).

Figure 6: Modified sequence to test carrier send by REL670

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 Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

Run the sequence, verify trip by zone 1 and that the carrier has been sent by the REL670 (Figure 7)

Figure 7: Carrier send and instantaneous trip by zone1

8. Verify no trip when only carrier is received

Without any fault injection, activate manually the carrier receive signal and verify that REL670 does not operate
and does not send any carrier signal.

9. Verify no trip when the fault is in reverse and carrier is received

Inject a fault in reverse
(invert the currents by
180 deg). Simulate
carrier received from B
relay (Figure 8)

Figure 8: Sequence for fault in reverse position and carrier received

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Exercise 4 - Distance protection communication scheme PU

Run the sequence and verify that REL670 does not trip instantaneously (by communication scheme) and that no
carrier is sent (Figure 9).

Which zone
operated in 800
ms?

Figure 9: Sequence for fault in reverse position and carrier received. Time delayed trip

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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Västerås, Sweden
Phone +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Fax +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation