Line distance protection REL670

Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase

operations

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Västerås
Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Autorecloser and 1/3-phase operations

On completion of this exercise you should be able to

 Understand the autorecloser function and its interaction with distance protection in different trip modes
(single-phase or multi-phase)
 Understand the main input signals of the autorecloser function
 Perform relay tests to verify the correct functionality of autorecloser with different trip situations

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Autorecloser and single phase trip

In all the previous exercise, any simulation for single-phase faults inside the protected line resulted in a three-
phase operation by REL670. REL670-A32 is engineered to perform single-phase operation for single phase
faults within the protected line.
This has happened because the autorecloser function has always been switched off, and in this case a three-
phase trip command is issued by REL670.

In this section we will study the autorecloser function and it’s interaction with distance protection / trip function
in order to achieve a single phase trip.

Managing single phase operation for single phase faults within the protected line

Distance protection settings, and communication schemes, are the same as for the previous exercise.

1. Autorecloser settings
Autorecloser will be set On:

Operation = On

One reclose attempt: NoOfShots = 1

The dead time for the first attempt will be set for:
single phase trip: 1,5 s  t1 1Ph = 1,5 s
three-phase trip: 0,4 s  t1 3Ph = 0,4 s

The reclaim time is set to 20 s to speed up the testing

time:
tReclaim = 20 s

All other settings can be left as the default ones

Download the settings in REL670

Figure 1: Settings for autorecloser

.

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Injection tests

2. Connect the test set to REL670

Keep the analog connection test set  REL670 as before.

Keep the connection Trip contact REL670  test set as before.

We need to connect the single phase trip signals to the relay test set.
Single phase trip signals are available at BO2, BO3 and BO4 of the ION card. Connect:

IOM OUTPUT 2 (Trip phase L1, “TRIP_L1”)  Binary Input 2 of the test set
IOM OUTPUT 3 (Trip phase L2, “TRIP_L2”)  Binary Input 3 of the test set
IOM OUTPUT 4 (Trip phase L1, “TRIP_L3”)  Binary Input 4 of the test set

We need to connect the closing command from REL670 to the relay test set. This signal is available at binary
output 9 of the IOM card. Connect:

IOM OUTPUT 9 (CB Close Command, “CLOSE_CB”)  Binary Input 9 of the test set

The other connections between the relay test set and REL670 may be left as they are, but they will not be used.

3. Open the Omicron test file for the LE faults

The test file is called REL670 LE Faults AR.adt and is available in the folder Files for SEP-602A REL670 /
OMICRON TESTS on the desktop of your training PC.
The file simulates single-phase fault injections at two different line positions:
The first fault injection is in zone 1 (fault at 10% of the line) and the second fault injection is in zone 2 (90% of
the line).

4. Run faults at 10% of the line

You need to give correct conditions to autorecloser function.
Activate the signals
“Circuit Breaker
Closed” and “Circuit
Breaker Ready to Close”
by respectively
energizing the binary
inputs 4 and 5 of the
IOM card.

Select the first fault and

just run it.

Figure 2: Running the first L1-E fault, zone 1 trip at 10% of the line

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Verify that the REL670 operated single phase (ad in the correct phase) and verify as well that autorecloser
issued the CB CLOSE command after 1,5 seconds from the trip.

Figure 3: Results from the first L1-E fault, 10% of line: correct L1 trip and AR CLOSE after 1,5 s

Verify the same correct behavior for L2-E and L3-E faults, at 10% of the line and fill the Table 1

Table 1: LE faults at 10% of the line

Event Expected events Result

L1-E Fault at 10% of the line Zone 1 Trip L1. A/R Close after 1,5 s Ok. Already tested
L2-E Fault at 10% of the line

L3-E Fault at 10% of the line

5. Run faults at 90% of the line

Use the same file: REL670 LE Faults AR.adt.

You need to energize the carrier receive binary input in order to get instantaneous trip from REL670, as time
delayed zone 2 does not start the autorecloser.
The carrier receive signal is available at the binary input 2 of the IOM card.

You still need to give the correct conditions to autorecloser (CB CLOSED and CB READY).

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Select the fault nr. 2 in the test file and run it, as you did in the previous steps.
This time it is the communication scheme that has operated. Notice the single phase trip by the communication
scheme.

Fill the table 2 here below:

Table 2: LE faults at 90% of the line with carrier receive information

Event Expected events Result

L1-E Fault at 90% of the line Communication Scheme Instantaneous Trip
L1. A/R Close after 1,5 s
L2-E Fault at 90% of the line

L3-E Fault at 90% of the line

6. Verify the behavior of CB READY and CB CLOSED signals on A/R and trip command

Inject one single phase fault at 10% of the line, without giving CB READY and CB CLOSED information to
autorecloser.

What happens? Fill the Table 3:

Table 3: LE faults at 10% of the line. Effect of CB READY and CB CLOSED signals

Event Expected events Result

L1-E Fault at 10% of the line
CB CLOSED = 1 (Input nr. 4)
CB READY = 1 (Input nr. 5)
L1-E Fault at 10% of the line
CB CLOSED = 0 (Input nr. 4)
CB READY = 1 (Input nr. 5)
Zone 1, Trip phase L1. A/R Close after Ok. Already tested
1,5 s
Zone 1, 3-phase trip. No A/R. The
starting signal is not considered because
the CB has not been closed more than
tCBClosedMin (5 s) before the start
signal was received

L1-E Fault at 10% of the line Zone 1, 3-phase trip. No A/R. The
starting signal is not considered because
CB CLOSED = 1 (Input nr. 4) the CB is not ready to close
CB READY = 0 (Input nr. 5)

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Autorecloser with 3-phase trip

We will test the autorecloser for three-phase trip situations, for faults within the protected line.

7. Open the Omicron file for testing 3-phase trip with autorecloser
The test file is called REL670 Autorcloser.seq and is available in the folder Files for SEP-602A REL670 /
OMICRON TESTS on the desktop of your training PC.

The sequence just contains the simulation for a three-phase fault in zone 1, which will trip three-phase and will
start
autorecloser,
according to
the
engineering of
REL670-A32.

Figure 4: Sequence simulating a three-phase fault in zone 1

8. Run the sequence

Give correct conditions to autorecloser (CB CLOSED and CB READY).
Run the sequence.

Did you get the close command from autorecloser after 400 ms (t1 3Ph setting in A/R) from the zone 1
operation?

Figure 5: Three-phase trip in zone 1 but no reclose command. Why?

The autorecloser expects correct synchrocheck conditions in order to reclose from a three-phase open command.
Synchrocheck is at the moment switched off, hence the synchrocheck condition is always false.

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

9. Set the synchrocheck to give correct synchrocheck condition

The analog configuration for the REL670-A32 in this

course is prepared to measure the busbar voltage
from phase L2. We need to tell synchrocheck to use
the same phase for the line voltage:

SetPhaseLine1 = Phase L2 for line1

Synchrocheck must be set on:

Operation = On

We suppose that our REL670 is the relay that will

close the circuit breaker before the relay at the other
line-end.

Figure 6a: Synchrocheck settings

This means that in case of a three-phase recloser, “usual”

synchrocheck conditions are not enough and must be
integrated with the possibility of LIVE BUS – DEAD
LINE.
This is done with the setting:

AutoEnerg = DLLB

Download the settings in the REL670

Figure 6b: Synchrocheck settings

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

10. Set the correct VT ratio to the VTs that are feeding the busbar voltages to the synchrocheck

Figure 7 shows the correct settings.

Download them in REL670

Figure 7: VT settings for busbar voltage measurement

11. Connect the busbar voltage simulation from test set to REL670
Voltage amplifier Nr. 4 of the test set will be used to simulate the busbar voltage in L2 (phase-earth).
Connect it to Analog Input 11 of REL670 (Busbar 1 Voltage, L2).

12. Give information that MCBs are Ok for all VTs

Give MCB Ok for busbar and line VTs by energizing the binary input 8 of the IOM card of REL670. This
information is important for synchrocheck in order to be able to run the Live Bus Dead line algorithm.
In the REL670 for this training, the three separated signals have been grouped into BI8 of the IOM card to save
binary inputs.

13. Simulate the busbar voltage in the sequence with the three-phase fault
Remember to be realistic, and in step 2 the busbar voltage drops as the line voltage (this will not affect the test
results, but the more realistic one simulation is, the less is the probability of investigating in false problems!)

Figure 8: Three-phase fault in zone 1, with busbar voltage simulated

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

14. Run the sequence

Figure 9: Autorecloser with a three-phase operation for fault in zone 1

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Autorecloser and permanent phase-earth fault. One shot.

We will simulate one L1E fault in zone1, which will cause zone 1 to trip and to start A/R.
After 1,5 s will A/R issue the close command and we will simulate the same fault again (permanent fault). Zone
1 (and switch onto fault) will operate again with a three-pole opening and A/R will issue the unsuccessful
reclose information.

15. Open the Omicron file for testing L1-E permanent fault

The test file is called REL670 LE Permanent Fault AR.seq and is available in the folder Files for SEP-602A
REL670 / OMICRON TESTS on the desktop of your training PC.

Figure 10: Autorecloser with a permanent L1E fault in zone1

16. Run the sequence

Run the simulation sequence and observe: the correct single-phase operation at the first fault, the correct dead-
time of 1,5 s from A/R, and the correct instantaneous three-phase operation by REL670 on the permanent fault.
Verify in the disturbance recorder that REL670 issued the signal AR UNSUCCL

Figure 11: Correct results of operation on permanent fault – one shot

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Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Autorecloser and permanent phase-earth fault. Two shot.

We will set the Autorecloser to perform a 2-shot cycle,.

We will simulate one L1E fault in zone1, which will cause zone 1 to trip and to start A/R.
After 1,5 s will A/R issue the close command and we will simulate the same fault again (permanent fault). Zone
1 (and switch onto fault) will operate again with a three-pole opening.
A/R will wait for the dead time of the second shot and will reclose the second time (with synchrocheck
conditions).

17. Set autorecloser to perform 2 shots

We will set the Autorecloser to perform a 2-shot cycle.

Set NoOfShots = 2
And set the dead time for the second attempt to 2
seconds: t2 3Ph = 2 s

All other settings of autorecloser are the previous ones.

Download the settings into REL670

Figure 12: Settings for autorecloser to perform 2 shots

18. Open the Omicron file for testing L1-E permanent fault – 2 shots

The test file is called REL670 LE Permanent Fault AR 2shots.seq and is available in the folder Files for SEP-
602A REL670 / OMICRON TESTS on the desktop of your training PC.

Have a look at the sequence, and notice that the trip on the first reclose (3-phase) has been simulated with all the
three line voltages down (step 7 in the sequence), requesting the synchrocheck to use the DLLB algorithm.

The sequence stops at the second close command, hence we are in practice simulating a successful reclose at the
second attempt.

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 Exercise 9 - Autorecloser and 1/3 phase operations

Figure 13: Sequence for two recloser attempts

19. Run the sequence

Run the simulation sequence and observe:
- the correct single-phase operation at the first fault, the correct dead-time of 1,5 s from A/R
- the correct instantaneous three-phase operation by REL670 on the permanent fault
- the correct dead time for the second attempt of 2 seconds
- the last close command.

Figure 14: Correct results for two recloser attempts

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ABB AB
Substation Automation Products
SE-721 59 Västerås, Sweden
Phone +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Fax +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
www.abb.com/substationautomation