Mangosuthu UMLAZI -KWAZULU NATAL

University of Technology

P.O. Box 12363 Jacobs 4026 Durban Tel: (031) 9077111 Fax: (031) 9072892

FINAL EXAMINATION

SUBJECT ELECl'RICAL MACHINESn

SUBJECT CODE 080812622

I DATE 31 OCTOBER 2008

TIME 13HOO -l6HOO

NUMBER OF PAGES 4 (Including Cover)

TOTAL MARKS FULL MARKS =100

TOTAL MARKS =100

EXAMINER MRKW.NGmI

MODERATOR MR R. F. CHIDZONGA

INSTRUCfIONS ATTEMPT ALL QUESnONS

I~Qt!lREMENTS SCffiNTIFIC CALCULATORS ARE NEEDED

:I
OUESTION 1

1.1. Calculate the voltage induced in the armature winding of a 4 pole,

lap-wound, dc machine having 728 active conductors and running at
1800 rpm. The flux per pole is 30 mWb. (2)

1.2. What is the voltage induced in the armature of the machine of problem 1.1, if
the armature is wave wound? (2)

1.3. If the armature in problem 1.1 is designed to carry a maximum current of

100A, what is the maximum electromagnetic power developed by the
armature? (2)

1.4. Calculate the electromagnetic torque developed by the armature described

in problem 1.1. (2)

1.5. A 100 kW, 230 V, shunt generator has Ra = 0,05 0 and Rf = 57,5 O. If the
generator operates at rated voltage, calculate the induced voltage at:

(a) full load and (8)

(b) half load. (6)

1.6. A 50 kW, 250 V, short shunt compound wound generator has the following
data:
Ra = 0,06 0, Rse =0,040, Rf = 1250. Calculate the induced armature voltage
at rated load and terminal voltage. Take 2 V as the total brush-contact drop.
(16)

1.7. Draw the load characteristics curve of a dc generator. (7)

[45]
OUESTION 2

2.1. List the conditions that are required for transformers to operate in parallel
(4)

2.2. A 10 kVA, 500/250 V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer has a core with a net
area of cross-section of 90 cm2 and maximum flux density of 1,2 T. Calculate
the number of turns on both the primary and the secondary. (6)

2.3. A 250 kVA, 11000V/400V and 50 Hz single-phase transformer has 80 turns

on the secondary. Calculate:

(a) the approximate values of the primary and secondary currents,

(b) the approximate number of primary turns,

(c) the maximum value of the flux in the core. (5)

2.4. Two transformers have the following characteristics

T 1 -% IR =1 % and % IX = 5%

T 2 -% IR =1,5% and % IX = 4%

How will they share a load ot 100kVA at 0,8 p.t. lagging? (6)

2.5. The results of an open-circuit and a short-circuit tests on a 25 kVA,

440V/220V and 60 Hz transformer are as follows:

Determine the parameters of the approximate equivalent circuit of the

transformer referred to the primary side.
 QUESTION 3

3.1. With the aid of sketches discuss the principle of capacitor start motors as
used in the single phase induction motors. (12)

3.2. List three ways of how to control the speed of a single phase induction
motor.

3.3. The effective rotor resistance of a 120 V, 50 Hz, 6-pole, single-phase

induction motor in the forward branch at a slip of 5 % is 120 Q.

(i) What is the rotor resistance at standstill?

(ii) What is the effective resistance in the backward branch?

(iii) What is the operating speed of the motor? (7)

[21]
TOTAL = 100

(2)