College of Engineering and

Technology
Department of Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering
Visayas State University
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines\
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph; Website:
www.vsu.edu.ph

Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology
Visayas State University
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte.

Name: Mary Grace C. Beronio Course Number: CpSc 21

Laboratory Instructor: Mary Ann I. Limbasan Offering Number: C153

Exercise No. 2

Tillage Practices for Upland and Lowland Conditions

Introduction:

For a time, tillage has been a practice to prepare proper seedbeds to produce crops,
handle weeds, and incorporate fertilizers, pesticides, manure, and other
supplements. Tillage can classify as primary and secondary tillage. Primary tillage
involves the application of the moldboard plow, chisel plow, or disk plow. It is usually
the standard intensive method of tillage. Primary tillage indicates the end of one
cropping season and the start of the next and forms a visible change in the
landscape. Succeeding tillage methods used to prepare the seedbed are applying to
secondary tillage. These methods can include the use of the off-set disks, field
cultivators, harrows, packers. Methods that concern the soil during seeding,
administration, or crop collecting refers to as tertiary tillage. In preceding years the
progress of native ecosystems by tillage aides unlock nutrients stored in pure soil
matter. Thus, generally, fertile soils grow crops with minor inputs for the increasing
community.

Objectives:

1. Identify the different farm implements needed in tillage operation.

2. Discuss the different tillage practices of farmers in your locality.

Methodology:

Through quarantine restriction, the activity strictly followed the COVID-19 guidelines
for safety and precaution. The study was carried in the town of Jagna, Bohol. The
method used to gathered information on the said procedure was interviewing one of
the local farmers. The information given by the farmer was recorded, such as the
 College of Engineering and
Technology
Department of Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering
Visayas State University
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines\
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph; Website:
www.vsu.edu.ph

tillage operation used on the farm and other crop production practices performed by
farmers before planting.

Results:

Figure 1. A picture of Moldboard Plow Figure 2. Ploughing with the

animal Water Buffalo using the
Moldboard Plow

Discussion:

A moldboard plow is presented in figure 1. Primary tillage using the moldboard plow
is shown in figure 2. The moldboard plow is attached to the animal water buffalo in
order for it to performed the procedures and soil-conditioning purposes. It separates,
pulls, breaks up, and releases soil that has been compacted through machine traffic
or natural causes to a base of usually 100–200 mm beneath the soil surface.
Cultivated soil is easier to work into loose seedbeds, drains water better, and warms
up instantly. It reverses vegetation, buries it, and reveals topsoil. Also, it is beneficial
when developing new arable fields in meadows or embedding crop scraps, weeds,
and insect pests. It has a flat base coating the whole width of the tillage place, and
thus all soil down to the tillage depth is made, elevated, and extricated.

Immediate preparation for seed needs enables the procurement of enough quantities
of seed of modified and seed sources. Once the references and numbers of seeds
needed for the long-term plan have been prepared, procurement procedures and
plans must be fully elaborated. Various choices are possible, and resolutions
demand consideration of funding, timelines, and possible sources. Site selection in
agriculture is regarding the sustainability of singular chosen crops. It is the decision-
making method that means deciding a location where to grow the selected product. It
 College of Engineering and
Technology
Department of Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering
Visayas State University
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines\
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph; Website:
www.vsu.edu.ph

is determined based on many variables, such as the availability of required

resources and soil productivity in the state of crop production. The site clearing for
agriculture enhances the area of the crop-producing land field of an actual farm or
grants land for new farm development. Site clearing requires removing land-use
inhibitors, such as trees, stumps, shrubs, stones, and other obstructions. Land
preparation typically includes plowing, harrowing, and leveling the field to make it
proper for crop endowment. Land preparation frees nutrients to the soil, stopping or
decreasing weeds. It also develops soil and plant association and decreases the
occurrence of pests and bugs infestation. Also, seed treatment utilizes chemicals or
protectants, nutrients, growth regulators to seeds by processing, covering, or
soaking. They are reduced to different and resist pests or other insects that engage
seeds or seedlings.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, after the exercise, the student was able to identify the different farm
tillage implements needed in primary tillage operation, such as using the moldboard
plow and its functions used by the farmers in the locality. Also, the other crop
production practices performed by the farmers before planting were elaborated and
explained.

References:

A Local Farmer

Arshad, M. A. (1999). Tillage and soil quality: Tillage practices for sustainable
agriculture and environmental quality in different agroecosystems.

Erickson, V. J., & Halford, A. (2020, August 19). Seed planning, sourcing, and
procurement. Retrieved October 3, 2021, from
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/rec.13199

Tillage. (n.d.). Retrieved October 3, 2021, from

https://www.britannica.com/topic/tillage

Tillage. (n.d.). Retrieved October 3, 2021, from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/tillage

Photo Documentation:
College of Engineering and
Technology
Department of Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering
Visayas State University
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines\
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph; Website:
www.vsu.edu.ph