Department of Environment and Natural Resources

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUREAU REGION XII

REPUBLIC ACT 9003

Ecological Solid
Waste Management
Act of 2000
EnP. DENZELLE MAE E. SUACILLO
EMS I Designate
ESWMS - EMED
DENR-EMB XII
Outline
• Introduction and Basics of
Waste Management
• Salient Provisions of RA 9003
• Penal Provisions
WHAT IS
SOLID WASTE?
Solid Waste
Solid waste shall refer to all
discarded household,
commercial waste, non-
hazardous institutional and
industrial waste, street
sweepings, construction
debris, agricultural waste, and
other non-hazardous/non-
toxic solid waste
PH Waste Generation

Around 1,400 metric

tons of health care
waste was generated
every day from June
2020 to April 2022.
PH Waste Generation

It also projected that

from 2022 to 2025, the
country’s generated
waste will reach 92
million tons in total.
 2020 report by the
World Wildlife Fund
35%
of the total plastic waste produced in the 33%
Philippines is leaked to the environment

is collected and disposed to

sanitary landfills

9% a measly 9 percent is recycled

WHO
GENERATES
SOLID WASTE?
 SCHOOLS HOSPITALS

OFFICES AND OTHER

ESTABLISHMENTS HOUSEHOLDS

INDUSTRIES / FACTORIES AGRICULTURE

 “Waste is a resource that is in the
wrong place at the wrong time.

Once it finds its rightful place,

then it is just as valuable as any
other natural resource.”

Dr. Mostafa Kamal Tolba (UNEP)

Waste ≠ Garbage

Mixed Waste = Garbage

Segregated Waste = Resource

WHERE DO
IRRESPONSIBLE
PEOPLE DUMP
THEIR WASTES?
COASTLINES

CREEKS

RIVERS
 RAVINES

ROADS

EVERYWHERE
HOW DOES IT
AFFECT US?
POLLUTION OF AIR AND WATER

•Contamination of waterbodies
(ocean, lakes, rivers)

•Methane
(emission from decaying garbage).

•Causes global warming (21X more

potent than carbon dioxide).
 CLOGGING OF
DRAINS WHICH
CAUSES FLOOD

Muntinlupa experience: 90% of materials found

obstructing storm drains and waterways after
Typhoon Ondoy (Ketsana) are plastic discards,
costing the city government P2.3 million for de-
clogging operations in 2009
ANIMAL
EXTINCTION

•Ingestion of plastic leads to a false sense of

fullness and eventually death.
•Getting trapped in plastic garbage like plastic
bags, plastic cup trays, nets, etc.
•Loss of habitat leading to animal death
•Loss of vegetation due to disturbed habitat
 •rats, cockroaches, and flies - typhoid fever,

DISEASES meningitis, diarrhea, tuberculosis, anthrax, worms,

typhoid fever, dysentery, jaundice, etc.
•mosquitoes - Malaria, yellow fever, dengue, etc.
PLASTIC
POLLUTION
WHY IS PLASTIC
BAD FOR THE
PLANET?
PLASTICS ARE PROBLEM
MOSTLY DUE TO:

• their unbiodegradable
nature;
• materials used for its
productions; and
• the challenges behind
properly discarding them.
A CLOSER LOOK AT

PLASTICS
 THE LIFE CYCLE OF PLASTICS
PLASTIC BAGS PLASTIC STRAWS

20
years
200
years
8-PACK PLASTIC
RINGS
COFFEE CUP

30 400
years
years
PLASTIC WATER
PLASTIC CUPS
BOTTLE DISPOSABLE

450 450 DIAPERS

years years 500

years
COFFEE PODS

500 PLASTIC
TOOTHBRUSH
years
500
years
COUNTRIES RANKED WITH
Mismanaged Plastic Waste
27%

5.9%

10.1%
 RA 9003
ECOLOGICAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT
OF 2000
 THE
PAYATAS
TRAGEDY
REPUBLIC ACT 9003
The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of
2000
• An Act providing for an ecological solid
waste management program, creating the
necessary institutional mechanisms, and
declaring certain prohibited acts.

• Has seven (7) chapters and 66 sections

• Short Title: ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000

• Was passed by the Congress and Senate on

December 2000 and signed by the
President on January 26, 2001.
RA 9003 MILESTONE
• January 26, 2001 - Approval
• February 16, 2001 – Effectivity
• December 20, 2001 - Signing of the IRR of RA 9003
(DENR DAO 2001-34)
• February 16, 2004 - All Open Dumpsites should have
been closed or converted to Controlled Disposal Facilities
(Sec. 37)
• February 16, 2006 - All Controlled Disposal Facilities shall
be deemed closed and phase-out (Sec. 37)
• July 23, 2022 - Extended Producer Responsibility Act of
2022, or Republic Act No. 11898, lapsed into law
 INSTITUTIONAL
National Solid Waste STRUCTURE
Management
Commission DENR - EMB -
Policy Making NSWMC/S
Technical Support
and Enforcement

ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE

Management Act

Local Government
Units (LGUs) Waste Generators/
Citizens
Implementation
 STORAGE

COLLECTION PROCESSING

5 FUNCTIONAL
WASTE
GENERATION
ELEMENTS OF FINAL
DISPOSAL
ECOLOGICAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE GENERATION
• Refers to the activity of producing solid waste.
• Includes all materials discarded, whether or
not they are later recycled or disposed of in a
landfill.
• Important to know the waste being generated.

Waste Analysis
Characterization Study
(WACS)
•the Process that will help us find out how much
waste is being generated by our City or Municipality,
including establishments and other waste sources;
and what types of materials are in our waste.
 The most
effective way to
reduce waste is
to not create it in
the first place.
SEGREGATION
BIODEGRADABLE
WASTE
Examples of biodegradable wastes are:

• Kitchen / Food Waste (leftover food,

fruit, vegetable peelings)
• Garden Waste (fallen leaves, twigs)
• Agricultural Waste (trimmings and
other organic waste generated from
planting and harvesting crops)
• Livestock Waste (feathers, manures
and bedding materials)

Biodegradable wastes should be placed

in a GREEN waste container.
Ways to
Compost:
Ways to
Compost:
• Open Air Composting
Ways to
Compost:
• Open Air Composting
• Direct Composting
Ways to
Compost:
• Open Air Composting
• Direct Composting
• Vermicomposting
Ways to
Compost:
• Open Air Composting
• Direct Composting
• Vermicomposting
• Bokashi Composting
RECYCLABLE
WASTE
Examples of recyclable wastes are:

• Paper (newspaper, cardboard, and

office paper)
• Plastic (plastic bottles and other
rigid plastics)
• Glass (bottles and jars)
• Metal (tin cans, aluminum, and other
scrap metal)

Recyclable wastes should be placed in a

BLUE waste container.
WHAT CAN WE DO??
RESIDUAL WASTE WITH
POTENTIAL FOR
RECYCLING
These are residual materials that have the
potential for diversion through alternative
recycling methods. Examples of this type of
waste are:
• Doy Packs
• Tarpaulins
• Rubbers and leather items
• Sachet wrappers
• Drinking straws
• Grocery and food bags

Residual wastes with potential should be

placed in a GRAY waste container.
RESIDUAL WASTE
FOR DISPOSAL
Residual wastes are solid waste materials
that are non-compostable and non-
recyclable. It should be disposed of
ecologically through a long-term disposal
facility or sanitary landfill.
• Sanitary napkins
• Disposable diapers
• Worn-out rugs
• Cigarette butts
• Other soiled materials that cannot
be composted and recycled

Residual wastes for disposal should be

placed in a BLACK waste container.
SPECIAL WASTE:
HAZARDOUS WASTE
These are waste materials that are toxic or
that pose potential danger.
• Paints
• Thinners
• Lead-acid batteries
• Spray Canisters
• Used motor and cooking oils
• Pesticides
• Lighting
• E-waste
• Home Appliances

Hazardous wastes should be placed in a RED

waste container to be treated by accredited
treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) Facilities.
SPECIAL WASTE:
HEALTHCARE WASTE
Improper treatment and disposal of
healthcare waste poses serious hazards of
secondary disease transmission due to
exposures to infectious agents among waste
pickers, waste workers, health workers,
patients, and the community in general where
waste is improperly disposed.
• Face masks
• Surgical Gloves
• Broken thermometers
• Syringes

Healthcare wastes should be placed in a YELLOW

waste container to be treated by accredited
treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) Facilities.
COVID-19 RELATED HEALTH CARE WASTE
Examples are:
Health care wastes generated by households, such as potentially
contaminated masks, gloves and used or expired medicine, etc.,
COLLECTION
• collection and transport of
waste to the place of
treatment or discharge by
municipal services or similar
institutions, or by public or
private corporations,
specialized enterprises, or
general government.
STORAGE
• The SWM element which
focuses on the temporary
containment of solid waste
after generation and prior to
collection for ultimate
recovery or disposal.

• e.g. MRF, RCA, Transfer

Stations, etc.
MATERIALS RECOVERY
FACILITY (MRF)
MRF CATEGORIES
MRF CATEGORIES
 MRF CATEGORIES
Category 3: Automated MRF
• Full automated/computer operated machines involved in the recovery of recyclable
wastes
• Little to zero human labor involved during MRF operations
PROCESSING
• Refers to the collection,
extraction, or recovery of
recyclable materials from
the waste stream for the
purpose of recycling,
generating, energy, or
producing a product
suitable for beneficial use.
FINAL DISPOSAL
Final disposal can be either:
• In composting facilities
• As animal feeds
• In Factories
• In Safe disposal facilities,
such as Sanitary Landfills,
septic vaults
• In Waste to Energy (WTE)
facilities
SANITARY LANDFILL

a waste disposal site designed, constructed,

operated and maintained in a manner that exerts
engineering control over significant potential
environmental impacts arising from the
development and operation of the facility
REMEMBER:

OPEN BURNING IS
PROHIBITED AND
IS PUNISHABLE BY
LAW!
Advocacies
Regional Ecology
Center

The Ecology Centers shall provide technical

expertise, information, training and networking
services in order to promote effective
implementation of the provisions of RA 9003.

To address SWM issues in a proper way and to

increase participation and motivation of all
stakeholders, outreach program need to be
intensified. It is on this regard that EMB12 has
mobilized its resources, to link with the different
government agencies and private institutions to
establish the REC-12, as mandated by RA 9003.
Advocacies
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Campaign
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Campaign
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Campaign
Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Campaign
Regional Launch
of the National
Plan of Action for
the Prevention,
Reduction, and
Management of
Marine Litter
 Regional Launch of the National Plan of
Action for the Prevention, Reduction, and
Management of Marine Litter

VISION AND GOAL

PENAL
PROVISIONS
 VIOLATION FINES/PENALTIES

300 php – 1,000 php

• Littering, throwing and dumping of waste matters in public
or
places and water bodies
Community Service of 1-15 days

300 php – 1,000 php

• Open burning of solid waste or
Imprisonment of 1-15 days

• Collection and transport of non-segregated or unsorted

waste
• Squatting in the open dumpsite and landfills 1,000 php – 3,000 php
• Open dumping, burying of biodegradable & non- or
biodegradable materials in flood prone areas. Imprisonment of 15 days to 6 months
• Unauthorized removal of recyclable materials for collection
by authorized persons

• Operatin of open dumpsites

• Manufacture, distribution, or use of non-environmentally 500,000.00 php
acceptable packaging materials or
• Importation of consumer products packaged in non- Imprisonment of 1 to 3 years
environmentally acceptable materials
 VIOLATION FINES/PENALTIES

•Importation of toxic wastes mispresented as “recyclable” or

“with” recyclable content.
10,000.00 php - 200,000.00 php
or
•Transport and dumping in the bulk of collected domestic,
Imprisonment of 30 days to 3 years
industrial, commercial, and institutional wastes in areas
other than centers or facilities prescribed by law.

•Construction, expansion or operation of wastes

management facilities without an ECC.

•Construction of any establishment within 200 meters from 100,000.00 php – 1 Million php
open or control dumpsites and sanitary landfills. or
Imprisonment of 1 to 6 years
•Construction or operation of landfills or any waste disposal
facility within or near an aquifer, groundwater reservoir or
watershed.
 Recyclables? Biodegradables?

Residuals for Disposal? Hazardous Wastes?

Healthcare Wastes? Potential Residuals?

 Healthcare
Biodegradables
Wastes

Residuals for
Recyclables
Disposal

Hazardous Potential
Wastes Residuals
The problem
with waste
management
is not the
system, but
the BEHAVIOR!
 Department of Environment and Natural Resources
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUREAU REGION XII

Thank You
For Your Attention