Group From SNBP International School

unwanted & useless residues generated from animal and

human activities is nothing but called as waste
Categorization
Based on material Plastic, Paper, Glass, Metal, Organic waste.

Radioactive, flammable, infectious, toxic, or non-

Based on hazard potential toxic wastes.

Industrial, domestic, commercial, institutional, or

Source of Generation construction & demolition activities

Landfills e.g. sanitary,Municipal construction &

Management ways demolition, ind. waste sites.
 SOLID LIQUID GASEOUS
Unwanted or useless Sewage, domestic Released in the
solid materials wastewater, other liquids, form of gases from
generated from produced by industrial automobiles,
human activities in activity, such as pulp & factories or
residential, paper production, food burning of fossil
industrial or processing, & fuels like
commercial areas manufacture of chemicals. petroleum
WASTE Segregation at Source
 ORGANIC & INORGANIC
❖ One of most common waste generated in Houses of India.
Organic can be classified as DRY & WET

COLLECTION
❖ Encourage to segregate at Source e.g. different dustbins for Dry, Wet &
Inorganic waste. Govt. services collects these waste in oriented manner for
further processing like Incineration, Recover Recycle, Composting .
RECOVER & RECYCLE
ORGANIC INORGANIC
Compost / Manure of Dry & Wet:
If Not at all Recyclable, then Incineration
Nutritious for Plant & Soil
DRY Waste : 10% recycle, 90% If Recyclable then processed for raw
Material Recovery Facility material of Recycle product
 2. E. WASTE
Damaged, nonfunctional electronic
equipment
COLLECTION
Specific e Collection bins in Housing societies, Industries.
Encouragement to Pvt. Companies to collect and process

RECOVER & RECYCLE

E. Waste is dismantled & sent to professional recyclers to recycle
or shred the waste
 3. SANATARY WASTE
Sanitary waste: Sanitary Pads, used syringes,
diapers, cotton. and bandages, which contain bodily
fluids are categorized as domestic hazardous waste.

COLLECTION
❖ Red Collection bins in Housing societies, Industries. Suggested to put Red
mark if rapped.
DISPOSAL
❖ According to the guidelines, the waste can be disposed by either incinerating
(central incinerating units for urban or low-cost incinerating units for rural)
or disposing in landfills. Both of these ways are easily doable but need to be
implemented effectively on every level systematically.
 4. BIO MEDICAL WASTE
Produced in Hospitals: Used needles, Gloves, syringes ,cotton, bandages,
Medicine Containers, Tissues, dead organs
COLLECTION
Hospital is responsible to segregate,
collects in three category as
➢ Red : Contaminated waste e.g. medicinal bottles,
Urine bags, used Gloves etc.
➢ Yellow : Human tissues, dead organs,
anatomical waste etc
➢ Blue: Contaminated glassware
➢ White : Sharp blades, needles etc.

TREATEMENT : Essentially incinerated or Shredded

 5. PLASTIC WASTE
Waste generated by plastic products like plastic bottles,
bags & microbeads
COLLECTION
Citizen are encouraged either reduce or not to use burn plastic. Put in dust bin give
to Pvt. Or Govt. Collection agents

Treatment
Pyrolysis, sometimes called “plastics to fuel”:.
Thermal treatment, sometimes called "waste to energy”
Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) i.e. "engineered fuel
 6. Construction & Demolition waste
waste is generated due to debris of construction, renovation, repair, and
demolition of houses, large building structures, roads, bridges, piers, & dams.
Mostly consists wood, steel, concrete,gypsum, masonry, plaster,metal,asphalt
Type of Waste Classification Examples
Land clearing debris Bulky waste Tree stumps, treetops

Demolition waste (from Concrete, wood, brick, plaster, roofing material

Bulky waste
buildings) wallboard, metals, carpeting, insulation
Pallets, wood scraps, wallboard, siding and
Construction waste (from
Municipal solid waste roofing scraps, packaging, carpeting. Foam
buildings)
padding, insulation
Asphalt, concrete, steel, related construction and
Highway construction and Bulky waste, municipal
demolition wastes, utility poles, railroad ties,
demolition waste solid waste
brick, block, rock
Oversized MSW Municipal Solid Waste Furniture, furnishings, carpeting, rugs
 COLLECTION
Builder, Construction or Govt. agencies collect themselves and are
responsible for collection for further action

RECOVER & RECYCLE

All C&D material is first sorted, filtered, segregated then crushed or melted. This
recycled aggregate then can be used to make concrete for road construction and
building material. e.g. crush sand obtained as byproduct of C&D waste used for
Road divider blocks & road embankment
Govt. emphasis on “Waste to Energy” for maintaining sustainability.
Various rules & protocols are been followed such as:

HWM 2016 (Hazardous waste management) Leading to management & Treatment of

Hazardous waste

LPCB i.e. Local Pollution control Boards .e.g. MPCB i.e. Maharashtra Pollution control
board takes action, fine elements polluting environments
e.g. Pune Municipal corporation collected INR 25’0 mio as Fine from people burning
banned plastic, plastic, Tyres, thermocol publically

NGT : National green tribunal : Governed by Supreme court works with aim as “Right to
Health Environment”
Increase awareness to reduce public negligence and encourage segregation at
source
 LIQUID WASTE – THE TYPE OF WASTE WHICH IS IN LIQUID IN
STATE IS CALLED LIQUID Waste.
EXAMPLE – DOMESTIC WATER (USED IN OUR HOMES ,
INDUSTRIES .ETC.), INDUSTRY DRAINAGE (CHEMICALS ,
BIPRODUCTS.ETC).ETC.
LIQUID PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN OUR
DAILY LIVES , ESPECIALLY WATER SO IT IS
IMPORTANT
TO CLEAN IT .
AND WE ALSO KNOW THAT UNCLEAN WATER
CAN HARM US IN MANY WAYS LEADING TO
DISEASES . SO IT IS IMPORTANT
TO CLEAN IT .
*THE COMPANIES WHICH DISCHARGE THE CHEMICALS IN THE
RIVERS HAVE TO TREAT IT AND TAKE IT TILL CERTAIN pH LEVEL
BEFORE PUTTING IT INTO RIVER.
THIS IS DONE SO THAT THE HARSH CHEMICAL DON’T AFFECT THE
MARINE FLAURA AND FAUNA AND ALSO NOT AFFECT THE WATER
,OIL AND PETROLEUM SPILLS ARE ALSO NOT ALLOWED TO
DISCHARGE IN WATER .
 A STP PUMP

A STP IN LOCAL AREA

*IF A SOCIETY PRODUCES MORE THAN 100 Kg OF WASTE
THEY HAVE TO SETUP THEIR OWN WASTE
MANAGEMENT
EQUIPMENTS AND TREAT LIQUID WASTE AND USE IT IN
PLANTS AND MANURES.
*IF A HOUSE OR SOCIETY DOES RAIN WATER
HARVESTMENT THEY GET A DISCOUNT OF 10 % ON THE
TAXES . THIS IS FOR ENCOURAGEMENT OF RAIN WATER
HARVESTING SO THAT GROUND WATER LEVEL
INCREASES
 GASEOUS WASTE:THIS TYPE OF WASTES MAY BE GENERATED
DURING NUCLEAER REACTOR OPERATION OR REPROCESSING OF
SPENT NATURAL FUEL.
• EMITS MAINLY CONSIST OF NITROGEN,
CARBONDIOXIDE,CARBONMONOOXIDE ,GREEN HOUSE GASES
AND OTHER TARCES OF MATERIAL
❖ When Humans handle the waste , it becomes crucial for them to follow the
management guidelines precariously.
❖ If not followed properly it may affect the person’s health severely, leading to life
threatening diseases and complications.
The following are the points exercised in India to reduce intervention of humans in
managing waste :
1. The Supreme Court of India and the NGT (national green tribunal) says that no
human intervention should happen
2. Following it , the local waste management bodies have adapted mechanised methods
to segregate, treat, and take action regarding management of waste
3. Sewage jetting machines are now widely adopted to clean huge pipes , manholes etc
4. To remove water debris and ‘Jalparni’ or the common water hyacinth various
machines along with speed boat are used thereby reducing human intervention.
5. But despite of this for cleaning of small spots , machines are not feasible so some
human intervention is required but by following the proper procedure/orders
6. Many housing societies are now purchasing machines to create their own compost and
use it for their trees and thus saving human actions and time .
Jalparni or Common water Sewage Jetting machine (it is
hyacinth used to suck in all the waste)

Organic compost creator

United Nations sustainable development goals (UNSDG)
These goals are being
aimed by local
bodied for waste
management
 WHY We should RECYCLE
THE WASTE
Minimizes reliance on landfills and incinerators.
• Recycling protects our health and environment when harmful
substances are removed from the waste stream.
• Recycling conserves our natural resources because it reduces the
need for raw materials
• It has a huge part in maintaining sustainability
As long as there is human activity, waste will be a part of us. But
the good thing is that by exercising a sense of responsibility and
following sensible regulations, we can definitely live a better and
cleaner life even with waste around.

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