COUNTRY EXPERIENCE : MALAYSIA

Che Siti Noor binti Koh Poh Lee @ Che Mamat

National Disaster Management Agency (NADMA)
 North-East Monsoon

MALAYSIA
The Sunshine & The Rain South-West Monsoon

Figure 3 : The two monsoon

In general, Malaysia enjoys Tropical Maritime
Climate with uniform temperature between 21 – 32
degree Celsius. Mean Relative Humidity is slightly
high between 78% - 87%. Annual bright sunshine is
in the range of 1,764 – 2,664 hours (7hrs/d). The
average annual rainfall is 2,500 mm of which 60%
of it came during November to January.
Malaysia experienced two distinct monsoons and
two inter-monsoon in between (Figure 3).
North-East Monsoon occurs from November till
March with 10 – 20 knots of average wind speed
travelling from North-East to South-West direction.
In the opposing direction, <15 knots average wind
speed, South West Monsoon occurs from June to
August. In between are the two inter-monsoon
season; April to May and September to October;
with the wind sometimes travelling >20 knots from
neighboring typhoon.

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MALAYSIA
The Living With The Nature
Malaysia is often affected by disasters such as
floods, landslides, haze and other man-made
disasters, as well as some rare cases of earthquake
and tsunami. Malaysia has an INFORM 2019
Natural Hazard and Exposure risk of 3.4/10.
Annually, floods account for the most frequent Frequency of Disaster
and significant damage and are responsible for a Happenings By Percentage
significant number of human lives lost, disease
epidemics, property and crop damage, and other
losses. Malaysia had the highest percentage of
population exposed to floods among ASEAN
Member States between 2012 and 2019. Malaysia
has experienced 51 significant natural disaster
events in the last two decades (1998-2018). In that
time period, 281 people died, over 3 million
people were affected, and disasters caused nearly Reported in CRED EM-DAT
in February 2015.
US$2 billion (MYR8 billion) in damages.
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 During the North-East Monsoon season, the
extreme rainfall events associated with the
monsoon surges and other synoptic features are on
the rise and proved by increased intensity and
frequency.
MALAYSIA
The Rainy Day Has Come
In 2018 alone, there are 110 disaster occurrences
recorded whereas 66 of it (60%) are floods. From
1980 – 2014, 33 prominent flood were reported
and causing 200 deaths and 641,058 people
displaced.
High rain intensity also induced other disaster such
as landslide, debris flow, land topple etc.
Pos Dipang Debris Flow on 29 August 1996 bring
a toll of 44 casualties and 30 houses destroyed.
Ringlet Debris Flow in November 2014 bring
devastation to 80 houses and claimed 16 lives.
Debris Flow on Karak Highway in November 2015
forced road closure of both bound, disrupting traffic
to and from East Coast Malaysia, lead to bad
stranded vehicles. Vehicles were swept away to the
nearest jungle and logs interrupting river flow.
Heavy rain coinciding with high tide has caused an
under construction RM104 million Paya Peda
irrigation dam in Terengganu was broken due to
extreme pressure and had caused 2,300 families
were displaced in December 2012.
Continuous rain created a need to alleviate the
water in the hydropower dam in Bertam in
October 2013. The water was released three times
within 5 hours and worsen the flood. Three people
died while another was missing due to the mud
flood.
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National Disaster Command Centre
MALAYSIA
The System

“ You can have data without information,

“
but you cannot have information without
data
- Daniel Keys Moran

Daily Monitoring
Early Warning During Disaster Post Disaster
In Malaysia, the National EOC is part of
NADMA’s structure known as National
Disaster Command Centre.

NDCC has been equipped with a system

called MyDIMS to manage and
systematically reporting the disaster
situation and disseminate the
information through media social and
apps to the public.

At the moment, the capacity of MyDIMS

only cater the data and information
during disasters such as mortality,
numbers of evacuees, active evacuation
Weather | River Water Level| Air Notice for Disaster Disaster Report Full Report center, road closure due to disaster, latest
Pollution Index | Tide monitoring | Preparedness and & Situation
numbers of disaster happened around the
Regional and International Disaster Update every 4
Response country and full report of disaster.
Monitoring hours 04
 NATIONAL DISASTER COMMAND CENTRE
THE NORTH EAST MONSOON FLOOD STATISTICS
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY
PRIME MINISTER’S DEPARTMENT
2014 - 2020

2015/2016 2016/2017 2017/2018 2018/2019 2019/2020

2014/2015 (!st week of November (10 November 2016 – 14 (13 November 2017 – 26 (27 October 2018 – 18 Mar (24 October 2019 – 26 Mar
(November 2014 – Mar 2015) 2015 – Middle of Mar Mar 2017) Mar 2018) 2019) 2020)
2016)

541,896 Evacuees 23,272 Evacuees 110,207 Evacuees 63,090 Evacuees 11,036 Evacuees 55,187 Evacuees
136,447 Families 6,159 Families 31,433 Families 19,881 Families 3,128 Families 17,173 Families
1,335 Evacuation Centres 147 Evacuation 975 Evacuation Centres 516 Evacuation Centres 133 Evacuation Centres 510 Evacuation Centres
25 Death 2 Missing
Centres
11 States 14 States 12 States 9 States
12 States RM9.9 million KWABBN 5 Death
11 States RM15.7 million KWABBN RM1.6 million KWABBN
RM3.1 million RM23.4 million Welfare
2,076 Houses Destroyed KWABBN
RM18.6 million Welfare RM29.6 million Welfare Dept RM8.6 million KWABBN
Dept Dept
6,696 Houses Damaged RM26.2 million RM32.4 million Welfare
Welfare Dept Dept
RM2.9 bil Losses

2% 0.08% 0.19% 0.17%

Affected Population 0.34% 0.03% Affected Population
Affected Population Affected Population Affected Population
Affected Population

* Peratus Populasi Terjejas adalah berdasarkan Unjuran Bilangan Populasi yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia 05
 OVERVIEW OF SENDAI FRAMEWORK MONITOR
NATIONAL DISASTER COMMAND CENTRE
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY
PRIME MINISTER’S DEPARTMENT

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 MALAYSIA
Issues on Disaster Related Statistics
“
“
Get your facts first, then,
you can distort them as you please.
- Mark Twain

Disconnected data of disaster to national statistical system

Lack of mandate for disaster risk reduction reporting

Security concerned in terms of data collection and information dissemination

Lack of standardization in disaster reporting format compatible with SFM

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 1. Upgrading national
1. National Policy on Disaster Risk EOC
Reduction 2. Provide standard
2. Disaster Risk Reduction Act 3. Push & Pull Strategies

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Policy &
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4. Provide trainings

Capabilities
Regulatory

Federal –State
Trustworthy
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Hierarchy In Management Trustworthy

A portion portfolio

Regular Engagements

MALAYSIA
Opportunities

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