Solution

RATNESH REVISION MECH. PROPERTIES OF MATTER

NEET-UG - Physics

1.
(d) 7.224 × 10-7
Explanation: young modulus y = 2.0 × 1011N/m2
also y = stress

strain

strain = stress

y
=
F

A×y
....(1)
if we assume uniform distribution of weight then weight on one cylinder(m) = 50000

4
= 12500 kg restoring force F = mg =
122500 N
area of each cylinder A = π (r22 - r21)

A = 3.14 × (602 - 302) × 10 - 4 = 0.8478m2

thus from (1) we get ,strain = 122500×9.8

10
0.28×20×10

strain = 7.224 × 10 -7
2.
AY (R−r)
(d) r
2πR−2πr R−r
Explanation: Strain = 2πr
=
r

Stress = Y × strain = F

A
=
T

T = AY × strain
AY (R−r)
=
r

3.
(d) 1.074 × 10- 2 m
Explanation: given length of wire L = 1.0 m
area A = 0.50 × 10-2cm2 = 0.5 × 10−6m2
mass suspended = 100g = 0.1 kg
using standard value for young modulus of steely = 2.0 × 1011N/m2
1/3
Mg
depression at midpoint x = l( YA
)

0.1×10 1/3
x = 0.5( )
1 −6
(2× 10 1)(0.50× 10 )

x = 1.074 × 10-2 m
4.
(c) 7.07× 104 N
Explanation: Radius of the steel cable, r = 1.5 cm = 0.015 m
Maximum allowable stress = 108 Nm-2
Maximum f orce
Maximum stress =
Area of cross−section

∴ Maximum force = Maximum stress × Area of cross-section

= 108 × π (0.015)2
= 7.065 × 104 N
Hence, the cable can support the maximum load of 7.07 × 104 N.
5.
(d) 1.8 × 108 N/ m2
Explanation: Given ΔV

V
= 9% = 100
9

the bulk modulus of water = 2.00 × 10 9 N/m2

ΔP ΔV
B= ⇒ ΔP = B ×
ΔV V

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 ΔP = 2.00 × 109 × 100
9

ΔP = 1.8 × 108N/m2
6.
(d) 1.2 × 10-2
PV
Explanation: Bulk modulus, κ = ΔV

Fractional change in volume,

ΔV 1

V
= P ×
κ
= hρg× compressibility
= 2700 × 103 × 10 × 45.4 × 10-11
= 1.23 × 10-2 ≃ 1.2 × 10-2
7.
(c) ΔL

Explanation:
△L
The longitudinal strain is defined as the ratio of change in length ΔL and natural length L i.e. longitudinal strain = L

8. (a) 3.41 × 10 Pa 7

Explanation: given tensile force F = 90.8 N

diameter d = 1.84 mm
radius r = 1.84/2 = 0.92 mm = 0.92 × 10−3m
stress = tensile force
=
area
=
90.8

2
90.8

2
πr −3
3.14×(0.92× 10 )

stress = 3.41 × 107 N/m2

9. (a) 0.4 cm3

ΔV
Explanation: Compressibility = pV

−5 ΔV
4 × 10 =
100×100

Δ V = 0.4 cm3
10.
(b) crystalline solid and amorphous liquid
Explanation: Liquid crystal is a state intermediate between crystalline solid and amorphous liquid.
11.
(b) 2.5 × 1011 Nm-2
Explanation: Y = F

A
⋅
Δl
l
=
2500

−5
×
10

0.01
10

= 2.5 × 1011 Nm-2

12.
(b) 8.57 × 10-6
Explanation: U = 1

2
F Δl
2
1 Fl F l
= 2
F ⋅
AY
=
2AY
−2

= 5×10×20×10

−4 11
J
2×2× 10 ×1.4× 10

= 8.57 × 10-6 J
13. (a) l
Explanation: In first case: l = F

2
⋅
L

Y
πr

In second case: l' = 2F

2
⋅
2L

Y
π(2r)

Clearly, l' = l
14.
(d) all the atoms or molecules are displaced from their equilibrium positions causing a change in interatomic (or
intermolecular) distances.
Explanation: External force permanently disturbed the equilibrium position of the interatomic (or intermolecular) forces
between the particles of solid bodies.

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15. (a) 4 rad/s
Explanation: Breaking strength = Tension in the wire
Breaking stress × area of cross-section = mrω 2

4.8 × 10
7
× 10
−6
= 10 × 0.3 × ω 2

48
⇒ ω = 4 rad/s
2
ω = = 16
3

16.
(b) wl

2aY

Explanation: As the weight of rod acts on its centre of gravity, so it produces extension only in length 2
l
of the rod.
Longitudinal stress w/a
Y= Longitudinal strain
=
Δl/(l/2)

wl
⇒ Δl =
2aY

17.
(b) remains constant
Explanation: We know that within the elastic limit, the stress set up in an elastic body is directly proportional to the strain
produced. Therefore, the ratio of stress to strain remains constant.
18.
(d) 16 J
2
(Δl) A
Explanation: W = 1

2
Y
l
2

For same Y and Δl, W ∝

πr

l
2
W2 (2r)
∴
W1
=
2
⋅
l
=8
r l/2

⇒ W2 = 8W1 = 8 × 2 = 16 J

19. (a) 0.002

Explanation: 0.002
20.
(c) 0.015
Explanation: σ = Lateral strain

Longitudinal strain

0.5 = Lateral strain

0.03

Lateral strain = 0.5 × 0.03 = 0.015

21.
(d) 0.14 × 10−2
Explanation: Given for copper cross-section = 15.2mm × 19.1mm
thus, cross-sectional area(A) = 15.2 × 19.1mm2 = 2.9 × 10−4m2
restoring force tension(T) = 44500N
young modulus of copper (y) = 11 × 1010pa
stress stress
also y = strain
⇒ strain = y

strain = 44500

−4 10
2.9× 10 ×11× 10

strain = 0.1394 × 10-2 ≈ 0.14 × 10-2

22.
(b) increased potential energy
Explanation: The work done in stretching the rubber is stored as its potential energy.
23.
(c) 7.8 × 103 N
Explanation: if the riveted strip is subjected to a stretching load W, the tensile force i.e. tension in each strip(equal to W)
let A be the area of each rivet on which the shearing force acts.
shearing force
shearing stress on each rivet = area
= W

4A
Wmax
let Wmax be the maximum permissible tension exerted by the riveted strip then 4A
= 6.9 × 10
7
⇒ Wmax = 4 A × 6.9 ×

107 ⇒ (1)
Given that diameter of each rivet d = 6.0 mm

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 2
−3
2 3.14×(6× 10 )
πd
area A = πr 2
=
4
=
4

A = 28.26 × 10−6m2
substitute in equation 1
Wmax = 4 × 28.26 × 10−6 × 6.9 × 107

Wmax = 7.8 × 103 N

24.
(b) All of these
Explanation: All the factors mentioned in options affect the elasticity of a substance.
25.
(b) 1
Change in length 2L−L
Explanation: Strain =
Original length
=
L
= 1

26.
(c) 33.3 m
mg Alρg
Explanation: Breaking stress = area
=
A
= lρg
6

l= Stress

ρg
=
10

3
= 33.3 m
3× 10 ×10

27.
(c) 100 kN
Explanation: Here r = 10 mm = 10-2 m, l = 1m
Δl = 0.16

100
l , Y = 2 × 1011 Nm-2
F= Y AΔl

= 2 × 1011 × 3.14 × 10-4 × 0.16 × 10-2

= 105 N = 100 kN
28.
(d) 1 × 1012
Explanation: 1 atm = 105 Nm-2
∴ 100 atm = 107 Nm-2 and ΔV = 0.01% V
ΔV
∴ = 0.0001
V
p 7 dyne
B= =
10

0.0001
= 1 × 10
11
Nm
−2
= 1 × 10 12

2
ΔV /V cm

29.
mgl
(b) 2

Explanation: W = Average force × extension

mgl
= 1

2
F × l =
1

2
mg × l = 2

30.
(d) -1 to 1

Explanation: The Poissons ratio of a stable, isotropic, linear elastic material will be greater than -1.0 or less than 0.5 because
of the requirement for Young's modulus, the shear modulus and bulk modulus have positive values. Most materials have
Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.0 and 0.5.
31.
(c) A
Explanation: Note that A is stretched the least and recovers the original length after the removal of the deforming force.
32.
(d) 0.45 m2
Force due to stone pillar + force due to vertical load FS + FL
Explanation: A
=
A
= stress
Substituting, FS = msg = ρ Vg = LAρ g
LAρg+FL
∴
A
= stress

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 = 1.6 × 106
3 5
20 A×2.5× 10 ×10+5× 10
∴
A

⇒ 500A + 500 = 1600 A

⇒ 1100A = 500

∴ A = 0.45 m2
33. (a) permanent deformation of the object is caused
Explanation: permanent deformation of the object is caused
34. (a) elongation will be less in the former case
Explanation: elongation will be less in the former case
35. (a) YA > YB and material A has stronger strength than material B.
Explanation: Slope of graph of material ‘A’ is greater than that of ‘B’ and material ‘A’ can bear greater stress before the wire
breaks.
36.
(b) θ = 45°
2
F cos θ F cos θ
Explanation: Tensile stress = (q/ cos θ)
=
q

F sin θ F sin θ cos θ F sin 2θ

Shearing stress = (a/ cos θ)
=
a
=
2a

Shearing stress is maximum when sin 2θ is maximum, i.e., when θ = 45°.

37.
MgL
(d) 2xA

Explanation: Let T be the tension in the wire. In equilibrium, 2T cos0 = Mg

Mg
or T =
2 cos θ

Now, cos θ = x
=
x

1/2
=
x

2
√L + x 2 2 x2 1 x
4(1+ ]
L[1+ ] 2 2
2 L
L
2

As x

L
is a small quantity so x

2
<< 1
2L
2

So x

2
can be neglected.
2L

x Mg MgL
∴ cos θ = and T = =
L 2(x/L) 2x

MgL
∴ Stress = = T

A
=
2Ax

38. (a) 0.3 × 10-4

mgl mg
Explanation: Y = or
Δl
=
AΔl l AY
Δl 1×10 −4
∴ = = 0.3 × 10
l −6 11
3× 10 × 10

39.
(c) 0.05 mm
Explanation: A 1 = 4mm
2
= 4 × 10
−6 2
m , ΔL1 = 0.1 × 10
−3
m

A2 = 8 × 10-6 m2, Y2 = Y1, L2 = L1, F2 = F1, ΔL = ? 2

F1 L 1 F2 L 2
ΔL1 = , ΔL2 =
A1 Y1 A2 Y2

ΔL2 A1 −6
4×10 1
= = =
ΔL1 A2 −6 2
8×10
ΔL1
∴ ΔL2 =
2
= 0.05 × 10
−3
m = 0.05 mm
40.
3K−2η
(b) σ = 6K+2η

Explanation: The relation between Y , η, σ is given by

Y = 3η(1 + σ)

Y = 3K(1 - σ ) ⇒ 2η (1 + σ ) = 3K(1 - 2σ )
2η + 2η σ = 3K - 6kσ
3K−2η
(6K +2η ) = 3K - 2η ⇒ σ =( 6K+2η
)

41.
(d) 1 : 1

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 Explanation: Δl = Fl

π r2 Y

F2 = 2F, F1 = F, r2 = 2R, r1 = R, l2 = 2l, l1 = l

Δl1 F1 l1 r2 2
F l 4R
∴ = × × = × × = 1
Δl2 F2 l2 2 2F 2l 2
r R
1

42.
(d) 12 × 107 Nm-2
Explanation: Y = Stress

Strain
=
Stress

∴ Y= Stress

1 1
= 12 × 1010
( × )
10 100

⇒ Stress × 1000 = 12 × 1010

∴ Stress = 12 × 107 Nm-2
43.
(b) 2.3
Explanation: 2.3

44. (a) 3.3 × 104 N

Explanation:
Shearing strain is created along the side surface of the punched disk. Note that the forces exerted on the disk are exerted along
the circumference of the disk, and the total force exerted on its center only.

Let us assume that the shearing stress along the side surface of the disk is uniform, then
F= ∫ dFmax = ∫ σmax dA = σmax ∫ dA
surface surface surface

=∫ σmax ⋅ A = σmax ⋅ 2π (
D

2
)h

= 3.5 × 108 × ( 1

2
× 10
−2
)× 0.3 × 10-2 × 2π
= 3.297 × 104 ≈ 3.3 × 104 N
45.
(d) (2.5I2 - 1.5l1)m
Explanation: Let the original unstretched length = l
T l
∴ Y =
A Δl

Now, Y =
A
4 l
=
6

A
l
=
9

A
l

( l1 −l) ( l2 −l) ( l3 −l)

∴ 4(l3 - 0 = 9 (4 - l)
or 4l3 + 5l = 9l1 ...(i)
Again, 6(l3 - l) = 9(l2 - l) or 2l3 + l = 3l2 ...(ii)
To obtain l3, solve eqn. (i) and (ii) simultaneously
∴ l3 = (2.5l2 - 1.5l1)m

46. (a) 0.5 cm

Explanation: η = F

Aϕ

Δl
Here, ϕ = l
Fl Fl F
∴ η = = =
AΔl 2 lΔl
l Δl
1
∴ Δl ∝
l

∴ If l is halved, then Δl is doubled.

∴ Δl = 2 × 0.25 = 0.5 cm

47.
(c) 11.25 mm

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 Explanation: If a wire of length L, cross-sectional area A and Young’s modulus Y is stretched with a force F, then the
extension l in the wire is given by,
l= FL

AY

Since F and A are the same for the two wires, we have
FLc
for copper wire, lc = AYc

FLs
for steel wire, ls = AYs

Ls Yc
∴ ls = lc × Lc
×
Ys

11

= 9 ×( 4.0
2
) × (
1.0×10

11
) = 2.25 mm
2.0×10

∴ Total extension = 9 + 2.25 = 11.25 mm

48.
(b) remains constant for an elastic substance but varies for a plastic substance
Explanation: remains constant for an elastic substance but varies for a plastic substance
49.
(b) 3 : π
Explanation: Ratio of depression for square cross-section and circular cross-section for a given load = 3

π
3
MgL
δ =
3Y I
3
bd
For rectangular beam, I = 12
4
b
For square beam, I 1 =
12
4
πr
For a beam of circular cross-section; I 2 =
4
3 3
Mg L ×12 4MgL
∴ δ1 = =
4 4
3Y b Yb
3 3
MgL 4MgL
and δ 2 =
4
=
4
3Y (π r /4) 3Y (π r )

δ1 4 4
3πr 3πr 3 2 2
∴ = = = (∵ b = πr )
δ2 4 2 2 π
b (π r )

50.
(b) 26.1 × 108 N/m2
Explanation: K = P

ΔV
( )
V

Now, P = hρ g = (400 × 103 × 9.8) N/m2 and

ΔV

V
=
0.15

100
= 15 × 10-4
109
3

∴ K= 400× 10 ×9.8

−4
=
4×9.8

15
×
15×10

= 26.1 × 108 N/m2

51.
(c) 8FL

3AY

Explanation:
Net elongation of the rod is:
3F(2L/3) 2F(L/3) 8FL
l = + =
AY AY 3AY

52.
(b) will contract but the final length will be greater than the original length
Explanation: The stress-strain graph of a ductile material is shown in the figure. Point A shows the limit of proportionality.
Hooke’s law is valid up to this limit. Point B shows the yield point. Material is elastic up to this point. If the material is strained
up to this point, then on releasing it will regain its original shape and size But the material is deformed beyond this limit, say up
to point 'P; then on release, it will follow the dotted line PQ. It means a deformation OQ will remain permanently. Hence, the
final length of the wire will contract but the final length will be greater than the original length. Therefore, only this option is
correct.

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53. (a) greater than that for all types of matter.
Explanation: greater than that for all types of matter.
54. (a) 9F
Fl
Explanation: Y =
AΔl
V
∵ V = Al, sol =
A
2
Y AΔl Y A Δl
∴ F = =
l V
2 2
F1 A1 F A 1
∴ = ( ) or = ( ) =
F2 A2 F2 3A 9

∴ F2 = 9F

55.
−−−−−
Yiron
(b) √ Yc oppe r

Explanation: Let T be tension in each wire. As the bar is supported symmetrically by the three wires, therefore extension in
each wire is the same.
F

∵ Y= A

ΔL

If D is the diameter of the wire,

F D 2
( )
π
∵ Y= ΔL
2

= 4FL

2
π D ΔL

As per the conditions of the problem, F (tension), length L, and extension ΔL is the same for each wire.
1
∴ Y ∝
2
D
−
−
or D ∝ √ 1

Y
−−−−−
Dc oppe r Yiron
∴ = √
Diron Yc oppe r

56. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
57. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
58. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
59.
(d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
Explanation: Assertion is false but reason is true.
when a spring balance has been used for a long time, the spring in the balance gets fatigued and there is loss of strength of the
spring. In such a case, the extension in the spring is more for a given load and hence the balance gives wrong readings.
60. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Bulk modulus measures the tendency of a body to regain its original volume on being compressed. It represents
the incompressibility of the material.

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