2/09/22

UNIT-2

#aninmenfan_suAlamm
9 i s o democoralicorem 0 9ovenmemt in uhuch the
paryih the 97eatest epesentoiom in the panliamant
onms the govenmment ts &eadty becomuing pime
ministe execuive " are embhasiz ed by members a
pauamemt aud apoinred by the PM to R Coabinale

T Characte sist o the pauament oy sysim ane the

S u e moc t ugislatiue brcunch u a in t trea "
trea
9OVenmet

T-exeuiu
gistative

Oy0 Sabho- (The counsil o stati)

9 ishe houwse o thhe wwm
pariomemt itgives
vebresentotiom to the stalk othe INDIA
H6Lwer ths statis do mot emoy
an
equal vebre
sentatio
inRaqya Sabha, Tuse h a beem Qiuem Tepreseutauion
on tw bais o the Size o these populatom

Qualiizalim c the membemsip o Rayua. Sabha

sd HL u s t be a uizom 0 NDIA
H e must be tha above age o30 ycans

Sy H must mot hald ay o prot undarr ay gv.

gev.
haunt beem
StA/H shaudd not dus9ualed undan ay Law
o t paruamemt
&et haudd notbe meutally disobla udbaurus
 KayyoSab0-
PouLOra amd umcim
An gndinary bil can be iutroduce
Loqislati pouora becme a aw
itcannot
Sabho and
in the Ra7ya ovctinay
osdunay
wless pas by i t becawse
in
Sphon pauuuerwuth
lausnaking -t Ra7sabha en e9ual

the Lok sabhq

t Raqyasabhg
paue3-In +he inancial spere
Fnancual not be itroducud
m n e y bil cam
S a week pouLOr
9t can be iuitüalnd my Lok Sobha
tn Ra7ya sabha Loksabh
comes bejore t e
the
manuy biu paysed by
comsideraution

Rajya sabha dom

i
o wuster is
4 wmn cownc
ISxe.culauw pauLT aud no
not
he lok sabha
boe
calleeliuely repomsibla Cawye t u
alone c a n cause tall
7all
sabha
Ra7yaSabha Lok paing a
a voa
vota
muister by
ta counst! o
cam also pa
pauuns Ta Razyasabha
uduaol emova uolaeor
shecial addres er causin9 t a
subreme
cout,t Rgya sahha cauv
o
high cau
hngh caut

th demOva
o Some q h
wgh
oesoluon r
pas a e eleciom Commusua
auditor gmirad,
o c s tka

în uducLary oj the supsemme

i making an change
Cout avd tuigh Count cal+cm t
hange in t ualuji
ii) a
) Makug au Rayyasabha,
sabha g ok
membersu
tua pravisions a
emengemuy proclanalkon
ia)uhroduu
Electoral_paun Tu Royya Saha Las S n
T Membt o RayyaJabl
eloctral paus oo
aud all H Sfala Leguisole adall
Lak sobha
CUembly togckuer elncbe t evasid oA
ovite presideut INDIA
fn he pudicia
the quduuan oy ata
poLarAmaktung
ay clau9c
Ohen clane in t e
Caut makrng
7makng
count and ugh aud
Su reme
membershup o the Raya Sabha
u c l i cali on Hor
the

he lak sabha

*LokSabha is knoun os Lok -Sabha t i s tno

T hause o the peohle panlianmemt
the wwon panuamemt P
Qud poutru house o elected b
Lauuon
by
ebests the peohle of TNOrA. 9+s oli'seetly aud
it is dumocralic
rebresentaiu Oud
all the peoble
maliomal hause
power aua o RLoR sabha

becme L o u
Listali ue pouuer -An ordinany bil caun

hOs beem passed both h9ues

Cy oter i y
bius întroduted aud posked
wam a
panliameut

Lok sabha Tt fs Semd to t Raya Sabhe olu it

hou setune a opVCu Ro4ye ScuhL
turoduced in th lok sahhgg
Nmost 90 o the bil
its wth t Cawnsi o
TEeutie pouuns-Fr all
the Lok-sakha
wwstens fs calleclively eponsible beyore
in tu Lolk sabha becmL HA
T
Tha adir o t Tmajmty
muster ane tok vom
pume iuusten most
Sobha
Tuu loe gabha us VOst f. fauwor
uUal pGuutn
Hu lok
be dodueed uly
in

um bi COLLA
bill
Spba auuu paed byi omuy 9oes to

poun
udicial
Sme
udiciad n the
Te ok Sabho ol3o peotom
empeorhnn paouaeditu Ca be tuken up againt
p e tid the Lot sabbha aud Raj Sabha.
Tue Psidet Cun be Emoved m ollice
The
 emmbeachmut is adoted h hawses
nly uhem

Electaral pcuue eloeaoa pauuen ta

sme
Cu Lok Sabha alao pentorm
SAGHA take past in the
the LOR
elected member o
Callecton oy pesideuut

Unam Execuuive
ndian PTesidemt i's
the hiad t h e stat
PRESTDENT He is
isst callad the
ciizen oJ INDEA
Cud he fs also m o w u u d h uuth
execuliue prav
a part owom ar+cle related
t o paesident
ariclus 52 7 e encludig
urade 52-62
is PRESTDENT OF INDCA -
WH0
t a Stcili
ano u
is trrs
s unad o cuug iuegrity
Yutegrity
Tudian presidant
symbal o
wwty cud
INDEA Qud e x e c u l i u e alon
ihun o is a part o
wuom

He
n a iom .

Priml
miuSter

presidint
VCa
uth
ELECTED
How S PRESIOE NT the NDJAN
PRESTDEnT

durect
elecim der
Ture is no
um.
elect
elect um
eluctora collaqe
And

PRESCDENT OEEILE
HAT TS THE TERm oF
elected w halds da 5 yeans
e hale
is years unlil
One
pvesidout
oterthe Compliiom oy
Complim of 5
eerm ul Prefident has
prefideut has
H oice hone
aukem place o u
elecin

beem elicted
-

PRESIDENT
EUG£1LITY
af
be pre
JNDIA
citizen o
shauld
I H e / s l u

1 s chould outaum
wumum 35 yeans
elected as aa
comdiliom
codilon to
to be elicted as
2 tu
e/sw
qualitied
3 ember LOK SARHA
PowERS AND EUNCTTON E PRESIDENT-E
Hu stale
pesidont absuts
te
gv aadiviu
Execuie paue NorA He ca
Hatie
ask for odimiusha
ina@
commm
o
the untm gov
inavmaluon rom

presidunl
2 Lagislafie pauer o Semosu
SUmMoNS
SUMMgNS
oesolus th LOK SABnA b4
patsident abboiu cnaur mn ud
Chous m@ ed
Presidut
panuameut

claauraun Ray Sobhor.

olaputy
3 inancial _pauuwr presidust presidenM prior
money b
blu,
is a must to uoduce mavuy
ecommememdallom
H Comsttub the iuanta COmmism eveny S yeas.

4 udliinkpouer Presidout apboiuts tha due

coun
uice p o qn coust aud Sueme
h Ca take aduts oom supreme Count h g u
euer a s e aduice ane mot wieli wm
n
S He ha pardeneriu pou wele a kclu 72

a s been comerred with pouer to qsaut

pardon agast pwwshmemt emge agast
wion o s d puumshmemt by doath Semtene

6 mer9emtu pou A presiclenat

wuth
poesidt dals uee tyeS o emer9m.
s- Naliona emegemty
stull emergemy
iuanuio eme my
 S didenent
the oce e
he US presi
Ou Hous
president ?
INOIAN
romhe
s dzectly electecd
US presiclemb
lannem e elecl+cm INDIA
pTesidomt Tudne
P T e s i d e m t &iudnec

uhareas
by tu people

elucted both aoud

od o o
presidont fs
b oth
Tu US H fufd
uidain
a
stali-
Heod a the
tua
u h e r e cus
tw ov
Sta ud
neod o te
S
s tta
al i
tu aad
a d o
fs aly 4 yeors
presidemt
hald ope for
hald o
US presidemt
oice he t
er e
oS ya
e ar
r
texm hald
hald
+tue
He oe
premdant
Quel Indian
c ouu sd stale
i stale
Bime minister shall
s hall e oa
be
co m
th
h eer
ree head
head to
(1) stolis
that miuister at he
the
A r i c 74
miuister

o IND
TNDE
wuuth a prime m
miuul
tsst
teen
s

wstens
the
t he pime
prime
o he presiclemt
aduice
aud aud INOTA
INO TA
haad o the 9ov meulioms
weulioma
tu
t ho
a t aa prim
pri
s the
+ndian
Comaitutiom
the cabiual
cobiual
h e
Anud 5 o the abbsiuted
a had
nad ao
uho is
wwstox is one
FPALLUAuntiama paime naiaLsa
FNDEA S
nwster of
the pime
0coLLAty-
Lader
T TUU NDIA

t uod o 9ov o s the authonity

to asign
TR PM
D fentphalia alo.caliom
musters
to he
portphalso tha
o} Tu pm the caIs mlun o
wchaxman 0 tar Cahinali t
cabinali.
cabinala
the ualiug5
Cabiroli and pre sizeod the
the caunty4 Ppm represemtb
t i a l epaeseutaliue o
uel ternai orals mealngg
country fr igh
The link betuemthe presidil aund _cahisalti=
mluistes oell ous t u link betulem poesidut
TU prm
ud cahivol+ u communicalu oll dusicios ottu
Cuiualy to th presidout uhich fs elated to the

Cdmulstaaliom otu olais

 pm acts as the clue aowis to tthe
Chiel advison
presidtmt.

Eligihilty to bea Pm
IHe shauld be a ciizom o IvorA
t ha is a
I He should hae combleted his 30 yeas
member o Rajya Sabha all caun be 2s yeans a g e
member o he Lok Sabha
e is a

talr executu-
T stalk execulie is mads up o the gevenY,
clue. vwster, csunsil o muuistey o stak
176 in the
INOrAN Comtituliom oleal uth
micle I53-
the proVisioms delated to the stali gev o tu caunby..

aha is naverna Guovener is mmual

exeuiue had o h e stoai ha onms ouel imboytut
pant o the stali execuaue where h act as the
cluel execuaue a d
Cemtral 9ovemnmeut mOminals t gevernor er ench
stol
ppumemt ema
Tindion presiduut apboiuts govermer r each st
Cemira gev is vesbonsible to unle e g e v e non
ton each &toi there is no dixect om in-divect

elicsomon thhe pest ogeveyn T ace a gevemo-

fs mot a pan o w m execulie

ility exnan
- He shguld be w cilu zum o NOIA
u shauld he s geans old uud mne

S GWes nd wcia o f eare

A Xculase pcuu fvey execuliue actiom +at ttRR

4ake ssa governud tak s to be tukom by iu
 i s mame.
order thaut uous beem tuleem
I Eterexetttiere
Eteg Hau avn
authentcate the 7ulty n +ta
is to be
ub his mame
he gvernor
Saume cam be sbecijied by
+he Tsasecuon a!
uls to Smbly
H may not make
the stali 9v
the bubines
the stouk gov
He seeks i o sm i's
Pn the Stalt aecommem dae
AConsiulaonal emegemy
hum.
hy
to the president
Lagislaie paueA s t l i laqisloluae 9overaner
the stali lagislalüre 9overane
9 ay bil is pemdiug in comcernug
Comcernug
atate agislatnve
laoislatuae
not semt b i l l t o the
may

hs legislaiue
+a dobuly beaker ot
the speake and to presizd
9 obbstns a persm
absemt the g v e r n e r
osembhly is
Gver tthe sessiOm
the
the s st sess iem o
legiklale at t sessicm
ha stali
He a d d e e s
ewer year

daid n +a stali
t u stcu Budgeb beiug
H looks over

Lislalue Le
ot
tlu intoducluon
intoducluom

ts a prerecuisite fom
H aecowamolaliom
Stali ugistalune
omsuLy bill n tt otten uige
otlhentulke
ith
domaund
d emaundor graua
o r graul
HeTecommamds
e y tu
Canbe qiem
commisiom ts consluted evey yaYG hylim
. stati wou

Judicnl, Pouua
presidomt
cmsults + qoverur uulk atbeulaug zudges
o g h Count
stota count govenner
uuh ar ugh
In co sultahon
oppouumnls oublbug aud pronoticmy o t u
wakos
akos
oli'strictdges Stee stali publie gedce
Jn congultalion uth uugh count 0 d
Commisim alko appsiuubs pemtemts to Hu zudiiial
Semvi cLs

FChie MiaLsla
H e ts the i a d o Stale geverhumemt uululs t a gevemner

momunal e xecui
execuuluud Stui 9everhmeml t e
AL
is tt
persm uho becmes
the dei mwwister Ys tte eal

execuliuN o ha govenmeml

ltader o t Pan-y +Aaut has got the mayitu

Shame o votes tn 4 asembly electioms abpued

0S t t cluel, wwisler o t stali

umciam o Ha clalelmunisker
T chuit wiusir o t stui pergms inrelation
to dH categemes o peola
I n elalion to the CoumsU omuuse
In Telaliom to H 9eremner
ruolion to H sta gistatüe.
Cm i's a usad o t e stali csunsl o miuste ne
pemems t vamouus

) w u caumsi! o miuister ts laled uim

) h hi
0k can wister to TEsiGn
u) Al clivihes o t
wwster ame guuelad Cud
y t cheit mLwster
comtralled
A aivitie ouusio a e dem up hy te
C &d wiustems a e Cenmmumcaea to t u
9evemer
chuf wsten
by t
v) o 7 e p o r s to

oaus
*R

OLAd tulaem
goveroner
o
uyk ed by
o aboub t u

tu gavemmi
aduuushs

vi) H duice to tha gverrner

gies us t appoiutmen
t h e sta elocleon com mision Qud aadwocale
 gemenal. Lnnoum cod b
palcies a e
A l govemmemt
g
m fWoog o al t awy tiue
en uis
usalu a
disalua

asembly cam be
Lislaliue
gevemno
to the
O e c o m m e m o l a l i o m

Dotn-04/16/22

Fdudiiay iutmpek
a t bruh otas 9ov that
Tue udiciamy is aduwiwsties quslice
to

saltels dispul aud

HA aus ard

comnmom laau
comman Syaa
u syst
admuistems
Tu INDAN ududamy wstoms aud
aud ugislaion
ugislation
wuich
lagaqunsdictin in
all tu law o t land authaty o TNDFPRN
INDPRN
t ughst authty o
INDEA s
Subre
uducamy
Auncliom-udica
INDPA
T udLalany in

I provids zusice to the peopls.

Tatemprets auud apples tha laus
I
lauuy
place a rale jn making
gaurelian t Comstiim o INOFR .
T
Tw
Condus zudiwal èngunea
t
Responsiblu er oient mauagemmeut o
Judivia aduiuistsation

Llt is t t Tudabendomco o udiuay

ttu Ht
INdabendenda o uuclany s t e prinap.le
qudici amy hould be palically nslloted om tt

eaielalia aud tu execubu pauas. Tuus & 9usts

Sheuld mot be subject to imbroper Lemorom th

Other bTanches o9
MduauTagc al n fndabem.dera qudiciany
I 9tis the indabemdemce o the uduciay t u oull&uu
Hu Court to play a cemtral alk in emsumug thot
hus is no is-we o poulert by t lgislaliue aud
execulie
9 t also play
crucial rale mprotecu t
a
urelamemtal
Tiglt o a Clizam beeause auny me cam apbrocuc
Ov coumt i thu beleue thaut thi igh ane vio lett

paluiuan count we Hae pour to ange auuy

clucisiom
FStuucliuxe o Coumt
TDistrict coumt
I Hugh court
Suprema COrt

Tnstict couat- Tus is uhere mast Cuizom 90 to t e

X

Ouuy clisbute in thar or Tegim eoch stali compraike

has it ouun dustrict aud sub-orcliuali
woy distridEs aud
Courts aud t s eutre dustact 's presided duer
auer yby
distic udge
g h COut Each stald has s aun ugh ceunt

wluih s Tmout Contoity t uglhust zudiuay

auhanty stau
Suaerma, Ccut Tus s at H top a l Stout
ed distict couu presidad by th cluad qulia o
INOTA Becou s ta ys authority 7sia
t Contr decasion wad by
by Hu supa en
Count staud ebre al 0tha Cunt

ureu esst o INoK r e delt

 hppaietnent o~ude
udges arre the main asbeds of udicuany.udaes ore
in 0ur cownty aua peohle haue Jeui oud
vesbected
it Lcosay d maka S u e tok
yow w him thwS
wlnudh hos to be Probe ud
t Oppoutmut ouolges
wnbiasecd
pntmemt o4 ualaes in district_couab
comslituliom deouls uuth t h e
i o 4
233 udinun

appointmuut o distict udge. 7

be in praclioe s an advocale Jem
T pensm h s to
Rars o r m e e
Service
ulorkig in any 0ther
3h@uld mot be in
Te perrsom

t uigh court Jom

Tu peTSm nas to be recomemded b abpoiutmut
t
embloyeememt Accordiug to Anil 2.33

comsulng, t e 9evemmor o t
COun be done uly o r
court
Sstola auol t h udas of high
cunt
Appaiatnmeut
in
udgs high
to tth a ü c 217 the qualiicalioy regarding
Accordiug & 7ualae in ialh-
t appeutmuus aa persom
coust TvoTA
must be a
Cazem O .

Tu persom l
ld a u uolicial
d a oltcial
should haue
appoüuted attiast 10 yeam
TT u persan
Jor INDIA
in the teitory
o C u t can be
olice t h udlqes o ungh
217 Prerelout au nd
d SC
to atecle Preicleut
Accoroliug
arust o
warunt
w
appeüuted ouly u t t
t e
e r
r
COm&ultiug
t u tonsultiug
tu
be done amly
can
my tlu stal
oppsutmus
aucl
auel
uu
9 mmUur
rt o
TY INOPA
t ciy u l i a

Eppoufmem udge in Subremu coLdi u o lfudian

tcun
to tuR
anulu 12.4 tt
APFOL
Accor oliuug be ppoinkel
Uas
tos n 0adorr to
o s u t u t o n say IwbA
in Supoeu e cOLUn6
apen iom udge
 NOFR
H / s l shculd uhen

mae SLch cUnse in Sucesiom

aduocai a ugn -sr
luaur 10 yeans cu
a s be Jor a5
me such Curse in succesion
Ttwo o

cicini Keteus the pauuer o quduciay

dutal
Rtueut elers to ules
dalkrmiu valuduty y laus a d
und
devL uhitn
umder
diliui os t dactomy
d i d n l reueutis Teeuod
are
actiems
girlaliue
eeculiu ud
haue t TNDIA prn uple
pinuple
uoliua tuun tsush we

aisLala
diiar shall nott malke
wcm os s tle
C Crdiug to arucu 13 (2) has to protect
wr
nudicial es
Laus
Constulion

dameutd igts o n u e ah protect

ualiiTiews
calld ubm to
u cottuta-
COm
Gur lktutu
wlith ae Hu giet a
wdamemtw oluts eryeru
cut iu INOIA
INoTN emleru
i subremmt
t pouur u
em a u u 32
is oleived
He ks
comtulim
da ain a yudual reueu
Ruues slaliue a im-
TTATeuueu e fA PgUU TD emaune tuct Laus
gusJalure ae in Comhlecanu u i t H
Posed ty
pacvisivo Comslul+on

KeMEuL a 0dnauustealuur aclim

Tuis 'sa t c i conalilubsrd discipli
ueroalvvutustaluo

n y wll cosersiis
Reueut nudcial dusiom-
mils cose etc
tbamk COe,
Tuuis is Seem în

imbntamo a udiialTELIPLL usupemay o

Huu
A
muuutauing

9t 's
essential or
T- e
exxeewall
iinn
e..

Cmstitulim
exhloYtalim o m
uissu
wey
prevents +t tu
possiblo
p ossiblo
9 t
uckiu
esselial tor exeulie
9t+ s
a u d e x e c u l a i u e

gislatüe tolepedemu o t
+tu
Poue by. tR
Secumu9 t u
secumug
eysemaal r
9i

uoluuay people
Protects
t Tg
9T nberest
_Punlic Lionticn PIL)
law aduane
oHu ue
Ruhlic iwterrest hgio uügak
om Tuse
dause itsS
ssuN
u
mem a ngtu aud egualtty
peopl mglt & t u cauwye
l b s aduovm
aduana

bea-
bsods puhlec Com Cm
or
fndividucls
fnduviduals
or dusadwauoge grsup
wingmy both public u
g
cases may
amse trom both pubuc
tuerest
publuc
pmivate a u mattes.
ules
l owd
s Qud
ulla
u alla
aom s Hab
ns
vamaus
Hu
publuc louw concom
aypuklu
y pa
p
bvdis
puhl bodus
au
uee
r
rwse o
H re
ued toto
evemms

s
smm oast Commoulyuyed
t Comnouly
tulnest Utsalom authoities by qudiciad
qudicicd
public publio authovities hy
publu
tu
olsusiom o
Unallenge
ollernge
eed
Can
puhlic futerest Jiligaluon

T- amty H Jau by sumug

thab tuy mae
t h a t stty malce

Hald publ bodues to ocedun

aud tanlpanently. Rouse
opbaohinl duisim, a c Jai'aly
Publit dbal
isSOemeur9
CLLLaew. oibartaut
caveuge
nd wMedia
e l duueloe
t tau
by 9ung udaes ta

alparludty to g lgidalsom
 Sibs I L Laue rgsqanlzalim
uterest
sbbr pproach a puhlic

doumemlb
suclh
such sos Gtl
ttle
Select callect niwAay
stth tolomaty pooo,neae
cduecds, proo} of zesidam
and photegaapha
esetlemmit policy y
ud address o p a n u e s obprood
Steb l i s t nam

tist oum aud add. o gev agemcues

sth
sieh ist Yocls giuuu ise to valaim o umdumemt

tu duraticm ostoy a
S i s t clalis indicoulu9

Hu
dlanymemliom tha relet huug sot som

Nho audyilh tu PIL

wdar tw gecliom 3
eTy ilizam cam id a publuc Cae
aticle 226 n tthe
insubrerrmu court ud unduy t
Cam be Jtlad
gh u t A public tuterest ihigalion
0geurda stali govemmut CamrodgoN 0 y panty

udiin, oclavicm
fseclua toal err phaldug ctton vighs auo
gt
mlmerr iug
Comtuli.onal pininlu ulnem t u exe cuu
to do
Cud Jaune Juilh SO

Thee e padvisioms n
As Corr ttulitm it sely fr H
p0-acliue 3ale
tudiany +o adopb a
ol tu udiaors
a al
Tudiiad o4lavismynaul
Pesen UIn
aoldng
Constitutiemal audgalyslom Consn
Co
9t s exercise o paues udcCu Teue
(hi Cuuhtaon )
amd LOk-Aayukt
Lok:pal
hat suduial reueuw
Hhe Stahlu
Lok Aayukt
at 2013 memdauted forr
Te Lakpal aud
wwom uul and LaR -ciay
Lote Coyulet at tAR
-Memt o lokpol ot
bodies ttwe tuu mot haUR CUny pren
it ae
stali luuul t funcl+cn aud al a
aud Lole Aayulet pemdoms
lakpal to invesagali individuads
( Am oluccd abpsüted
am&uds man

or
ogonnzalim yHy enguir
enguur ooy
acompany
Complemt agamst Onganzalion and
bodies
Constain public
CUlim agoinsf
ota elated malfer3

*Neadar Lokpal Aui -wuhl+oy Syste-

seera paoblems in aur
Ture ame
aud
R Cuuat peisom
invesigaliom
fak place
hamest
mo
ame hardly Pwnisld

>lack a mdehem Oud

Qd amou aings
vamous a ng
WCe Cer, CBC
Mast o sur agemcues sfui
Sti
palice
paluce
ae
a e mot Tudupende
tudapemdau

cumuhlion
branch o Some people
Quni- Tebg to
o
hau +d
o Tepat
Cus tuuy hou or are ukely to be
mavmy exuxd
Hwmselus
ase
either
who
nuenod by exCUed

aonitak
lack opauLea baLe pouens
d0 n o t
cGE, CBC
tuy
bodies k e
,
aduson bodis
bodiy
Sme
Oe been
berm madt
pensen Hy debonuibiluy
erwed
ilkanal acouuntibilin
Tunbaramty amd
lotk o Pooblem o tuleual
tuevuas
Hne
stu pooblem o
Tn odduüm
odduin tteir
CLui cumuyle n
Cui(umuplin
Tn o tAese
t se
oLd
auccautebiity
ectie mechaunism
mechaunisrm
tr onpasemty and
auno heclie
auy seanala
agemues tuu isnot
thee Quti-
auli- cumhlim
umupliom 09entes tum
O9entes tumL

tu stod
o chce r
Cumups
Aakpal aud lok uukt at 2013
af 2013
see
sec s s tto Pravide
Proide efor
r
aud Lok Ayuk
Tu lokpal t
wwwom
wuom
a ud
aud s k - nyuer
ok-nae
tu stablishmut o oHpalH CLLuliom 0.9aint
agist
iutd elligaliom o
stulis tonguy and J elated
elated mattens
màltens
Puhlic
Public agamues
emmemt 9
ad outsicl JNDIR T bul uos

act extemds witiin aue

a u d uas
uOs Posse
Tu
Hu ole s a b h a
d 20Dec 201
fuhroduce fn
om 27 Dec as tthe Lok-pal auo Lok - Aayulet
heuye
y out
a t came
cam Tuto ou
lok- pal ua lok aayudet
hiu 201. T e

2.014
om 6 TCun

Sudine o t Lakpal
Loe-pal isamulli member body comsising ocme claaur
pensm aud maximum o8 membe3 pers
T perscm to be aPpenred athe chaur person o t
akpol nmust be ether

TArmal chutzuslie oINDIA or,

Tukmad Fudge o tha SubTeme cout or
n Emmuwmt penscon wuth udstauding abiluty ulho
wws houuL Special kngultdge and a wwwum epememCe
25 ya in malfens Telalinq to

-wmuplim paliay
)ubluc adumun'stroaliom
i) u Managemuul
Pinwaindudinq ensuranu aud hanleng

vvegulante
ma iuum umbers membes ust no
member must Cmsicler
excaed fux

aly membe83 to be
uolutal memhes
udial wember t a lok PAL u t e
eitur a omur
emer ch uice tt ug ca.
 AAALOLum So/ thg membens should he mSsIagc
miostves and womem
Lo PRL *to be an emuuue
nm Juduual member o
persm uuth utstandliug ahiuty haue special
wlhd must

2 5 ycamss
exbemema mnium o
nsuuledqe nd an

maltess Telaling to

A)An wmuptuon paliy

6) Rubluc administsaliom

ememt
aud mana9
aus
Anaunce includin9
emSuance aud bon letng
o)
Vlan

Stalt Logislalive- (Tr faea0E)

to Lau making
lau making
n INDEA Tes
s t a t lugislalire i t comþraises
tcomþrauses
în eoch stout o the County
CAuntry
islalue ousembly ( Vidha sabhna
asermbly (Vidha sabina
suses
called the legistlatie
oto coumeil ( uidlhan pamshad)
tegislaliue
aud thhe lagislaive
ausembly Tre ee
elocted ehamber
Ts the populamy elected
Oembly
1. Ta legislaliua comte pours
in
In u
Gur souli
r Stal
Teal
Qnd is the exceod
eXCced Soo
osemhly must no
soo
maumum Stremgth oOn
2. T belaus 60 .

aud tts wwimum emgthall

T)
t oslalihe ,Coundl-(fae mae
ot m tthau
a e thau
Combrauses m
stute COmprauises
mo

Letelaliue COum o Lagus lautie assembly

assembly.
T
memberss o gustaave
total center.
/3d to the parlioumemt of tHu
pauer
s qum
T ina

F ligihility aiteaia
Should not be ts Hhan 25ye
sembly aa persom
In cwe
conSil should mot be le Lan
o09e in cose othe
years o the age
LLe amd stoln gislalline
the stati ugislaluae, stati loqislatuue counsil
a
T
uly aduismy în matuat and laqislaliue
aembly hauAe ma'jonr
Pouer and

tt can cveale Aouus om any Subject in the stato, it Can

also cealt lauus cm he st paovided aleady made by Hha

panuamemt

Th Ossembly cmtra Venr the caumsil minis terr

TUuR sembly comtral the stalis dinance
T Qsemby has Comstttua powwns
S talso considur
sebo%ts presented by gemcies Such as tthe
Quditor gemaal, staln public services cmmuSiom aud
othes
niomA o the Hlgh.count and Suh-arrdinata count
Tha high count is +he highut court in the stalk ot INoA

24 to 231 in h a ndian constiilion taullR abaut thn

a-tc
g h caunt ad u s pouuers

THigh cowrt ame also cout Tecosd

o he 7udgemnt gh c0unt can be wsed y
Tecords
Sub- crrdinali Course Hor olecLcling COUes
9 + cont rols all 4t sub - ordinali Getts-courts

T itar ok r datai oprOeedings oom sub -ovcliualt

9t sS rul 9ardug H uoveig o e sb -ndiuo

9 t an tran.e a y coe 1/4 to another auud can alsc

Ce to itsel no bestdo Sam

itcun ènquuer7ecdy on
urb other conmected
doumers oay guhduali quolis.
yw. ran opoint i4& adninu'stealaon
sto auud ditunuue
there ulamy guud ollato Od Comdilion oenvices
Aawsdiug w danental ghts tuy oe in paue

ssu 'wmides au o d dau to ce

 abeal con ba made
an
to
th gh curt ogairt
Tn CUul caunes
counmt decisiom
a distoict
Auncim 0Subomdinali Coual-
heur ae vamou tyhes of subb
+ypes sub
JvpSA
In eacn
distict o
gsclinalë or ouwr COunt

I cuul counts
T Cmnunal c o n t

I ReveueuO cunt
andevemeu

hee ciul CoUs, Cmmina ca

Te csunb
COses resbectively Teleted
bebwm t u o
cones pertai to dis pul
Cuul
r v i l CuDt mre persms Tegarding P sobe
comtsOct

loanol lre dspuls ett

ageememt divorce.,

auuand push
pumsh
do not
seltels tluue dispuls y
Cil count
m t dos vblel+om
to H te
elated
caks ane
Cmmunal
T mminal Caut-
violalirm o laus nwrcle, ape
pckofu9,
caes
iwalue t , pitk
TLLe
pyhcal osnull ek. tu
t ee pallce
palice
auuers
o uer
c
Coou
u by
in +u

tue c
cacs
acs
ane ilu
tue
agains t accused

7
ruUw
wnnu
uss fu ue
fu the
Land
lad
Rwevnlug_couads

dals w u
coes o
Ruemeus
count

stole
 wnit -3
naiuve n
9n Today wald
Tem Jau Svenry diverse
essertial do have ah effective egal ystem fo
the ndenly function socia i amd existerce
omankind 9t s essemial der he evemyme to t lae
the to
hlou lound any unetucal behauGur

Loymem anguage au means the

sysltm les uLuidh ae
parrlitular coluntry on cemmunuty Tebgnzed as TequlaGrg the
aclins o t membens l n d wlieh may emforce by the
imbositiom opemcaliie,
According+o salmond. law is the body Pncple vecogni:
Cud abhlied by he stali In the Cdmuinishrutiom'

nclim Lau
aud are usted belw
SGme o the mayon unclienms

To dtluverr lau
To
To psovide equality Cund unlonrmuty.
lw anod orde
To autauw
contral
wauntainn
soual
To
Comlcts aud disbu
TO sesalu.

Surc Lay=
Thre arre vaamsus Sous Ce a tas

qislaien

Custms
twice
Equty
Coventronal law
 ugialali CmSidt ed os o Pamm
Tt
islalim- ndia logislals om has
h0s aa uid
uuds ambud
an and
lqslaum
lauu tn ndia
gurce o To enahle To Pravide und
uuthdn2e
fstUed to e q l a l i , d2clare Cr to erhoc
Sandian, to 9TOnL
td
to poescmbe Hhe parunnot.
int
tisalii're
tS o
to e s t i c l , the OUnInemdmenls 0 alol Laus. The
and and
ads
in the r m
nL in e comslitule ndia
his is prescibe
Paocedume dor

Ctutams mode soLal behauuaur ui'Hain

estahlishment

(Utm is an
main d alolesst souce o
Gne the
commiunnty 9t rs
a
au in Inatin
the
CLS a o UTE o l a u undu
is
ecoqni2ed nolian comsiulim providss
.Ustomn
rlzde (13) CI)
Tindian legal system emlers into r ce all previau
Canslrtulion

that n m the conslituliom uere

incon sistemt uuth the

Aaus tat ulee

Cmsilonred haung
Cutom on saqe
cleline law to n CLLc
The camslutiom h e drce a law
mda,
in the terttony o C rm as
stto a u s Cily
hau
eallzed
eauzed tt h t as

India in nauo cnd Canrtaun

T CGurt o andemt
7easmable

Custom
the

Castms
duenll o
In
Antiquut
Continuous
Comaistemy
Retsanahl
Peacel mbigus /Atmaphtne

Certouwty
 dah- o "!/22
uslice
caes uhtre +he~udges Jel
Tus principle fs abplied ny v
or ut y dale
Seom to be f addiguati
he lot seemE
nrake decusiom based n
nSud es the 7udges
unjuw
andu,lice wing hei CmmOn semme

equulyO convemiens m a9reenaen

Lule nelienal
Camveniena lan
uuos a ncreaied
9 0 h l l z a l lm h e r e
with +he eme
enesgence
wuith @ne another, tus
counnes to tle Tact
an üm!d
wCnid caunties to
neeol
is a
egurment Tmemt o
herre
Hhol
mean
laus
bound ser ay
a sigle se
be

equali
Eequ sourCe o Law 9 lu
the

to poavide
means
nceysar
tem equuty
us 9t s
T equalty lad
u u c h prov tde is sGuCe o
LaL it
ay
that O2//22
so C
uie
INDR
Hhat deai
Tn
msumer Countt court
-X pumbose amd gmiutanws
ShecLal
cawrt fs a Cnticts
Com
sumer
sum e r
dispulb t o paotect
com
Tegarding t
teuu gover
goWeTnment

with
caULes
by
hirtug setup is to
meuutaiuu

ane udiciamy
Ty its mouin
h e C m S u m e r r
qt on
seller clheated
ComtsacB by Geller thuy
are
amd
a
praclhce
COuse
agauns cwcur
twour o camsun
Comsum
can li a
ulll que a
Cmsumur selles
Hu cau
exbloited by t poce
explortalim

u y aLut tUULL H paope

or cuustome does MoF
9 a C o m sumer
bills, purhae memas tEwauld wsuld be y
t
umm

ortliig a ccuse l a caye

dounent cqued or ELWm
Comsumir to uin
diicdt Jer tl

aighls pmovidid bs_Camsumer couat-

Right tn S a l y T ght to be otected tcm all +yhes o

gotdls aumd seVices

Right to iaaugn TADmgt to be ully fymmud

olhsud porgance aid qualuty o all govds aud
SemviC
 kight to chnaseTT iglt to
tecy cloee geocb avd

SemVico

PrOCU
4 Ruglt to be asaad 9+in all deSImmaletus
Cmsumer utenest
e l e e d to
Tu mgh to Complli comamerr
70 cmsumer ediucalim
-

ut
eduafic

TTu nglt to seck combemvalt on

GRiglt tn qel Combem.salian

ageuns exhlaitcui m

Counts in INDTA
kisf ocans redressat commissian)
NCDRC ( Nalional Comsume distbuti
1
caurts woks t uhal ceuntry and deals
Analiomal luel
CTmemsol+on exctuds ubees CT
canmission)
SCDRS Stali camumer disul redressal
Hu
stali u l wüm coL uilu
Courtb waR at
Leuel
A stalT 2 0laeh to 1C
above
cempemsatiom
daime is

canaumer disul vedrexal tovum)

(Aistict
3 DCORF
wo at Hlisoct tu
uth Cos uhens
ceurt
Adistit uel
compemsaiom 'supto 20 (alolh
Hu

eemes betuuun bill andoct the

beort either heue
oj
cilalsue propasals
ane
b Gugl aa dnalt
dnolt
bilu A Dlt 's
peurument of JNDIA n
ttu em a
ulhen peued by.
both oule o pantuaniut
e quslaliu psoposal am act od
he cms

aud e m sigtd by t presidtmt m

pariament

acb
opal 2 (ok ryukk
Hau a bill becmesacin panduamemt

Ars TeoLdung

Secmd reading

Turd Teodun

bill
Psing

iu in the other husc

obeth
omE Se ssim
hgue

Presidmt 's abbraval

Comin iuto trsce

Ceamm Laut to staund

To
Stand ungs
y Hungs
by.
decisis
as stane
precedents
kncuun

decisioms
lnich fom a t h e
uctital alse knsuu
cu&un

is a i s tury o co
c om
mmmG
Gnn
lu
o uo
o alse
didnd ca
C as
see s,
,
sfeutlas sitalicn8
evalualim jer deulitse
ulluse s i u u l l a r sitalicn
bais o detailkd
detailtd
secords
oerords cede Huat ca
lauo,
Kealise
on
no icial t:gal
OUe twe fs
because
stili,
d
ase
had
to a
oply
cuent
past
cae (B)
case (
act
fact
Fact 2
fac 2

eLct 3
fact 3

(P'acedtnt dgemid
dget
 cedtnt o detsIC (
udicial pre.cedamt udutal pae
to trkethe decisim yudirul
uluch i fallauucl by the qudges
PTecedomt 4he decisim s ken by allauung
bed 1
hahhened in ttr past so udicial dacs is
tem Coalled
is
pinciple. o stnne degisis. Thee a

siali ot Caunt dec(Am

stae dectsis ulici
Abitsatim is a term as a pnvalo qeeme ml
Arbitalim-
and mare lexible roum
d 0iling. br
to lo mal
takunq camsnq to the
selected pesn
tstead o
tudgememt oa
stthlished caut o zuslte .

ealiseA aaabitxalim-
Common 09neememt
based cn
94 is
choase the arbitroli
2 - Ttu par+es
3-abithalicn 1s
a cmidtmbal pooceys
aahitafca is a cund eay to vce

4Aphitaalion
-
is CLtrtul Efara)

dyamtage o trbitaalim
9t m i
o
caunt fttenvad eell
zes h e
seltelmuet.
d e u n +u Cast disput
9 ba hnngs amd caunt
both paUdlues
t en
9t uuwMzo

ahitatfon amd emtr Cemut

49t emswres utsatity o
uand

Conduet of
HOiL? 0 nbitaaion ad yaclitur eleclie
amd dmmesttc aahitralian ulSed
P nalieml
aeememt

Appoutnaento Arbitat-
Tu 0hit o alicn ac 201S p(u i u luhesty to H alies

Qataetliao to o fa a aabitoxtra tnutuall, T e act

to dilouue wumb or O
patv id u (pues ane ee
anbitte
 elalion to opreut
Tu pr OCe durme
act
prohdod urdur Socli m

Types o anbitnatim - arbitaalicn u u t fudia

fudiar
I- Dornestic anhitralion nT d dia
: i a ard
ard
abitsalicn is
is
arbi ttalicr
uuhee piote o
parue,
are
fndian ndian

ul atlicahls lire precedi ga

ar h i r a l icn
r
Foreign Arbitalion - Comduucted
Gutsidi
ame
preedig
DIR
au d
ubire in
tds t be emente
auand
IDIA Und

o h r C B l n e s

Partes
Parues
uritralunm
u tuere
e tum
biraliom
-r Tn nr um
Inbululimal r insululim
insululicn
us
4tis
in
n asttiittu
uliio
m n

periulare
ules aprlicbii
a
selct amd lay-cut
elc
an arhitsator
n
T arbit at+er
atio
orbutralton arbin
Ts a desident
mm
A bi
b ti
rraa
lnlirnT
Commerial
peurties
Tntrnaliona
Hhe dlispuliug elaltd
elad t
te H
e
4 al-
list
ome o amd olispets
wwwch HAan
OTR
oCoudsy ottur

corntners (icd

ToLAs rbitraliom-

an reemut
the parees by way O
he dhoosem by
thrhitralim
cam
haue the reedom to select a
arbh1tralim

in am
.
t h e pories
arbitraten
0 an
knouun
exhent anhitralien is comddenl
9ual1y d i ' s p u t e s a l u l i c m
Hhreugh
hrough

o obem to public
HA uhlic
TAs
prOce, ane opem
prOCodiug ulhich
ulike he (unt ebecinlly
commertinl dispt
cOmmeial dikpt
mokes it potpular
fhtralum
secnel a dumg
Quand is bundlig on te dispul a
anrofms

T dedsion

panies
auuland
alo holdes pauLU Q uthorty to qaunt
AG
ahitnfor

ive udg t
 bunals=
Tmbunal is a 9uas udiital ins iluliom r a l 1s Stup to deal ujtm
admunistraliuo CT tax 7elalocd dispdi
problemms Such as esolutng
s perrsomo Inaitubom hauung
T Tbunal gcmerally a
to udgc o to delurimin Comes amd disputs.
n authmty
the Tmbunal Ome
esaluug dispu detemy
TU un tien o and salu
Om admisrtul+u dac ion

panlre, makuAg
gut be
elateal paohlom.
e adniuush atiw

Need_Inibunal-
sitüot+on hot arsuse duu to pemolinuy o
To o n c o m e +he
Cases in v a m a s Cow
rall in
eTnbunal petom cun imostant amd Specialzed
mechanism
Tuslie auurbundem Cou
TTy take a Load o the almready
êmvimmemt, amed torces
related to h e
TYhiar di'spuls
admunLstraliue
Ssus
u x amd

Pravisims o 1nbunal Comatitiulion it uas

the onginal
not part o 42 amemdment
amemdmemt
burcls werse

t
fndiam
(msltution y 42 adimuushaliu
in oleals uuth
rn p e r i l d A
anucle 323 otur
prov dos tnbwnals
976 9 t
332233 deals uith
amd aud
+rbinols

watters
maulter
is elalid to the allauung
323 B
undpr arrudo
toxalirn

foregir cyrharge
mprt 2 exhrrt

n d u t n ol a b our
frhar aoheralsy
and strle lrguslalux
d pa tmemt
Eltcdion

aod su
ad
ten anU
 Inbunals in INOIR
dmni Stralire fo bunals
Cemtral admunistraliue tmbunal

tobunal
admunis
traliue
state
uLali dispuls tibunal

Ahmed Foce toblund

9reec tibnal
Wattona

Tncme ax abbellati tnbunal

Cuber abbellale tmbumal

nibunals 9t uas 6Otup by an act o

AdmunLsmlie
adimuntstale tobunal at 9es 9t adyuolicalu
panliamemt,
to Tecutmemt and
uth eshect
di Spuls amd comhlauin o the publc ServiCe
persm bbouuted
Comduioms ol. semvCe o unum nd stalu
uuth the elur t h e
Comneclim
in
and pos+
tnbunals
iCentval ad munLstraliue
stak AT

ulalia dispuli tnbunals Tever ualer d ispuli

Tuacled tlor stali
has act /CS6 naue
pamiamemt
T(ISRD tuWir stoda odyuducalim o} dispuh
tobunaler
uuoler displs
uamauy vive
Hom iulnstadi

nelalurg
to ualr o
(AFT)
taburals- Stablished undo-
Armed aces Tu INDIR 9t ws
hepouer on te
militamy tnbunals
tis hes povided
it Complaiutt w t
T ac 100
A
o dispuls amd semuces 1
adudi(olLm by
AFT
comditu on a
Cmrallmem

abhotnl warnl 6ct

GSOHh nay
1qso Hu a
to
e shec to the amy
Son Suhfld
pen
respec acl 19s0
9s6
lu Hurtrste
9S7 ud
Cucl

Nalimal Ghreem nbunal-

emuammemtp2und aet 1995 and al1cmal
Tus nauonal
nght to
authroty act 1997 pe quung ight
fnuI munt othellpat
inilion to dral uithen
uuith
dtwund Jer
0un

ler fe uy
hccme fx apbellate Inbunal ot emtral ga.

o the income
Secicm 252
co
C Cmmss
sSt itn
ing manu
a 7uditn
n l Judiuna
tobunal
shall (Omstrli amd abbhellali exerCse th
o
accountant
m e m hersB
nimber amd tnbundal by oct
CTm the
Concord

and tmdhu
Cubea abhellati tibunal Telhualogy act
+Ar intormalion
stablished unden tnbunal nin tthe
t ibunal
9 has beenm
Only Cyher
yher obhellal
abhellal
t
amd Ovly 90/ n ar cordan u
ooohe
by he
cemtral 9o
Stahlushed
Cunly has beem

Comtan underr gection 48()

tht praVISIOms
uth

Camtaoct laun 812 deines 4he term

4he
indian comtnact act 1872 delines
the sa
Sedicm ( h ) ol fe emJencable by Jauw
ulhich
comthael 0s an ag eemem TS an agneenment beluuein
CmIhact
that
CommOcl so ul can say
o do Somethung
tuu a mae pam tes that bnUhch o
ontnact is
AnSom T la o
Accadung n wlhth a Pronmuse
tne Curumstam(Os
delenunine
OLO lhuch
v pen sm makung it
shall be '2gally biuding
NOreomemt Enorcahility
Comtract

lamet Cnt2od
q n e e nm t n t
the e n aqreement
4h act deines
Cerlicn e ) o he comsidpatim
Aareememt
set a the poam ses opming
amises
e i e m y pramuse and
oearh othen
pnouSe + (msidcnalumm
7 nernninI

Pomise Olex accebted Her

acl tuhom t'h
Aceapeltng
o
serli b ) a+he
prorvu.Se
+ h e omu a

Tybes o pramuse
seetton 9
Pomise
Ex bs esS
Sectuon 9
Trlred raamuse

rirrooPt1 Secliom o®¬)

 a) aferr vall pOvMIse Secum 53

act deline +he t e m

3 ) Cmsidomlicm-se cliond) o ne

hem add diire tht Prmise, th

Hhe
COmsidowalim 7s
Dersn has ddome
any otther
ses on
promi
Cb) y e Cundian
tndia
ccd1ng to secliem
4) cceptamce acCepted and Ybecemes
aprobosal
S
Contrcct act em
a pomLse

#lont aun
rom lalin u w r d
a wneng und it ogiualis
ont means
Tont laLo Ys deJiue
as

t o n t u m wwnichn me s umm ac+om eithen iutemicmat

n
act
a wrngu to another

O C u uunm o n the emumy

on
ham
reserves
thal dlamages
or
acudemtal
ciul rmiodies der
o
lho utum
hasTecourse
essence
atont 9 ue
mereme dt m
9+herre ig SYpetl
am
at pers unich o s caue
reime du to Comtract
in.debemdamt o
dily
TOnt fs
Sme

oamo9c

Lntenlional tort
Neglgamca
lhility tort
3. stnict

imbresmiut
tozt Falze
ntenLmal that the
CLa unt to shou
tont TeguLes
utemtioal ULnmnt m u rshouw
far Furher
mae
+h

unTuny and hom on inzuny

Co3to peuuar coms 19uemce
she Sullened consiouemee
i o hat
O
action s espoms ble a n
dthemdemt
Ond +he
f m examblo-A l t
Baltery. s
Fallse imprebnut f u d
 ol neg o9ermces 4at
Nealeaenncetart- The basic undens tnding
he uterest
unmq doer ha been canelis n a uly thal harms
the claimunt
o 4he ulctim on

P»ofessimas nqlcgence

U-(omtnibuteyyinrolagee
about the intension on

9t dlo not cane

Stmict liabilii tort- Odoes no haue to

the clainmemt
canelessnes
o the del endemt to the delemdemt bakd
blame
stahlish any Sont o on leuel o
caneles3nis
4he futentiom an he deqyee O
n
ftemm
bets and chemccd, exblosive

waok_place Lasa in INDTA- wonk

term wgll a qiue
Wonk lad in INDIA manage ocubalion
owsed on
nebresentalie +hey ane pentiuulany
ight to the
and ssu iquts to
wkens
nelalimshp
the baas-
ouands as to dd the
worR
undamemtol point o
+ bahoun TA ealls wnk3
ne-bnesentaliues hese J0I U
eGllt and uelola o
wanking comdilu m
n
e
pentculan change nange
ouanods qethng
tntus InSunnu Ond nglnt o u e b r e u t ,
LOg salamy u king

i majm acIK amd lau in NOIA

l e n l s e n g combensalinm
act 1923

trrado unlan aot 1926

TUnD

paymeml auoge act 936

industia) disput oct igd7

a
Fortony ac 19 4
EmhloyerS providut fund t9s2
woltnnity beneits
oct 196I
ah0AAs Oct 1963.
8 paymiinl
o9alLty act 197 .
TDPauumbut
or19q8
wunl MIm uaq
 u k e r urmKaliunaL andau in A
imt rDiroher,obrr
odorr
err j emerrt

1yrr ors
9t i.ablornorr) megistraoh rr tr0d
(navirl
eredon
act 1926
Toade uun

alleri

44 T

' yo,errt
r

mut
aa 193 thot
bep2
oymerl of uuages
or 130 ha
inSure).

ng)
paymomt
TA tiv
alony T
hem, r
doddn

ruin UALs /ergnas

n d u t l disput act
1947
C L u e r n e r r

TT Ort ho anissed
9lybe
oft 'ypy
person
ygg(errrirnenl CT Outhan3ed
TClrd

Pomr ssir

a c t o n y acd 1948
fn 9ae
Ld t
in aacted
n cted
Jgia1ro
Jgita1
rorty nd ,ox ulirni
oJile

9s2
poavidarrit umd
Employe e f n e m ernt
SmblnyA0s, ( domt Jumd
m a empy ul
lomed
emplpyet.5
o al
d aLlobl ernhJyt1), cVidemt
md m9ott2oalythm
MOUAr0cd A
uJL 4AR 20 Cofeny
CPEO
o 7egsters

t t ro1 Le ed 1AJ

cadom 0m m0th
*Mataniity bamelít act 196LL J sdon pegnlmt
Lemerm e blad
Cuttlev wot eruity
Tis oct per tlus act
absemse
powmemt dispite
a ul maxtmuum a 2 uQeks 8 g day
itlitlid to a
ugkers ane
emal
matmlty aaue

benusact 196-
F paLmeml aj bnul uulo
act 96 soys Aot m H
DOymemt a) bmus
n Cotan steblus hmet
emhl0yceel
e Prvidodto perSem
amd poduciuity
pmoit pxoducim
c o v i s a io

gxafuuty c 1972- ea
mhy iy
t Ye
u
aynemE_a calamy
ot
A t
em
lu

s p
poa t o
rt seuie
semue
demdore
wnd
mtuiy simls 9aluity e
i s / h a r
embleyer in Galuty is palfd
Compcmy
t onrgunzalim wmk Omhlutrs
bu U emmb & e e o
in am
welng
embltYEL
uulnim m

t iwLnaum u a g e s a c q a - dil!
Salam tow orber ay
uwaoo d
tmulnMum to olocidi cuLag
ct emsur pLer
emhleers
CLmarLC sector2 t n t amd Local+om
Cnd OwoTk
to
salomi o r cendiug
1md
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