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May 30th 2023

No.: GKCV 100523

SUHEUNG VIETNAM CO., LTD.

PROJECT:

CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM PROPOSAL FOR

COOLING AND CHILLER WATER SYSTEM

BY:
GOSHU KOHSAN VIETNAM CO., LTD.

DATE CONFIRM CHECK MAKE DESCRIPTION

1 29/05/2023 Ms. Ha Change dosage NT-2560

0. 13/05/2023 Mr. Truong Mr. Bach Ms. Ha Proposal chemical

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM

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PART 1: CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM PROPOSAL

COOLING SYSTEM
I. INTRODUCTION

Cooling water is used directly or indirectly to cool chemical products, air condenser, etc. To reduce the water
requirements for cooling systems, the changes have been made, such as changing from once through to
recirculating cooling systems and the reduction of blow down water quantity by higher cycle operation of open
recirculating cooling systems. Such application causes concentration of dissolved solid, resulting in frequent
problems from corrosion, scale and slime. Therefore, cooling water treatment chemicals are essential to prevent
these problems.
In cooling water system, circulating cooling water is usually saturated with dissolved oxygen. Dissolved solid
contents of cooling water are also higher than those in the make up water because of partial evaporation at the
cooling tower.

Corrosion Scale Slime

With high polymer degradation, Phosphonates and Phosphates, Kurita NT-2560 which create thin film on
the surface, is able to prevent corrosion and scale well.

Heat exchanger is perfectly protected Heat exchanger with scale

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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II. OPERATION CONDITIONS

1. Water Analysis result

Table 1: Water quality of Factoy #1

Water standard
Item Feed water 1 with Kurita NT-
Cooling 1
2560
pH - 7.62 8.12 8.0 - 9.0

ElectricalConductivity uS/cm 70.1 3130 1000 - 1500

mg/l
Total Hardness 19.5 560 < 350
CaCO3
mg/l
Calcium Hardness 11 280 < 200
CaCO3
Total Ỉron mg/l Fe - 0.08
mg/l
M-Alkalinity 18 155 < 500
CaCO3
Chloride mg/l Cl- 3.75 462 < 400
Sulfate mg/l SO42- - 120 < 100
Silica mg/l SiO2 4.36 28.9 <200
Cycle of concentration
Times - 45 15*
(COC)

Note: COC based on Electrical Conductivity

(*) Recommended COC followed water analysis result.

Comment:

Feed water (factory 1):

The parameters do not exceed the standard, quality of feed water can feed to cooling tower

Cooling water #1 (factory 1): COC too high lead to strong tend of scale

Figure 1: Slime & scale on cooling tower #1 (factory 1)

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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Table 2: Water quality of Factoy #2

Water
Item Feed water
Cooling 3 Cooling 5 standard with
2
Kurita NT-2560

pH - 7.20 8.41 8.80 8.0 - 9.0

ElectricalConductivity uS/cm 69.3 3000 4430 1000 - 1500

mg/l
Total Hardness 18.5 620 800 < 350
CaCO3
mg/l
Calcium Hardness 9 300 400 < 200
CaCO3
Total Ỉron mg/l Fe 0.03 0.54 0.15
mg/l
M-Alkalinity 19.0 240 470 < 500
CaCO3
Chloride mg/l Cl- 3.5 500 695 < 400
mg/l
Sulfate - 170 252 < 100
SO42-
mg/l
Silica 4.11 120 69 <200
SiO2
Cycle of concentration
Times - 43 64 15*
(COC)

Note: COC based on Electrical Conductivity

(*) Recommended COC followed water analysis result.

Comment:

Feed water (factory 2): The parameters do not exceed standard, quality of feed water can feed to cooling tower
Cooling tower #3 (Factory 2): With COC of 43, Total Hardness and M-Alkalinity in cooling tower #3 were higher
than standard. High tends of Scale. Slime also is developing
Cooling tower #5 (factory 2): With COC of 64, Total Hardness and M-Alkalinity in cooling tower #5 were very high
(800 mg/l and 470 mg/l). Depositing Scale is occurring in system.

Figure 2: Inside cooling tower #3 (factory 2) Figure 3: Outside cooling tower #1 (factory 1)

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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2. Operating condition cooling water system

Table 2. Water balance and operating condition of cooling water system

OPERATION CONDITION Factory 1 Factory 2

TOTAL OF COOLING TOWER 5 Unit 5 Unit

Alternately Alternately
OPERATION OF COOLING*1
3 run, 2 stop 2 run, 3 stop
Recirculation flow *1 (m3/hr) 780 780

Temperature Inlet *1 (oC ) 34.4 34.4

Temperature Outlet *1 (oC ) 38.7 38.7

System volume *1 (m3) 10 10

Cycle of concentration *2 18 15

Evaporation loss *3 (m3/hr) 4.0 4.0

Windage loss *4 (m3/hr) 0.39 0.39

Forced blow down (m3/hr) - -

Total blow down *5 (m3/hr) 0.09 0.09

Make up water *6 (m3/hr) 4.48 4.48

Retention time *7 (hour) 36 36

(hour/day) 24 24

Operation period*1 (day/month) 30 30

(month/year) 12 12

Remark: *1 – Data given by Suheung Vina’s staff. for 1 unit cooling tower
*2 – Recommended cycle of concentration
*3 – Evaporation loss = Recirculation flow x Delta Temperature / 580
*4 – Windage loss = Recirculation flow x 0.05%
*5 – Total blow down quantity = Evaporation loss / (N-1)
*6 – Make up water quantity = Evaporation loss + Total blow down quantity
*7 – Retention time = System volume / Total blow down quantity

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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III. RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM

KURITA NT-2560 (NT treatment) is a multiple function for preventing corrosion, scale & slime.
NT treatment is new technology of slime control program by KURITA’S patented stabilization technology. The
advantage of NT treatment is an excellent slime control and low metal corrosive.

I) Excellent slime control effect

NT treatment shows the slime removal and dispersal functions for preventing slime trouble in cooling water
system causes of bio-fouling in condenser or heat exchangers.

Before using chemical After using KURITA NT-2560

II) Low metal corrosive

NT treatment is low metal corrosive compare with chlorine or bromine oxidizer.

III) Energy saving at chiller

If heat transfer efficiency of condenser is dropped by bio-fouling, energy consumption of compressor increases.
LTD is a good evaluating method to estimate fouling tendency at condenser. If LTD increase 1[˚C], electrical
consumption of compressor increase 3[%]. NT treatment can keep initial LTD, and prevent energy loss in chiller.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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IV. CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION

1. Initial treatment
Table 4: Dosage and consumption for Initial treatment

Chemical KURITA NT-2560

Initial Dosage 200 mg/l

Cooling system Factory 1 Factory 2

10 10
*1 kg/time kg/time
Consumption
20 kg/time

2. Maintenance treatment

Chemical KURITA NT-2560*1

Corrosion, Scale Prevention and Slime

Function
control

Method of applying chemical Continuous injecting by Pump&Timer

Operation time 24 hr/day

Maintenance Dosage 200 mg/l

Cooling system Factory 1 (3 run) Factory 2 (2 run)

Consumption 4.5 kg/day 3 kg/day

138 92
Monthly Consumption
(kg/Month)
230

Yearly Consumption (kg/Year) 2760

Notes:
Chemical consumption is calculated operating time 24h/day, 30 days/month, 12 months/year
(1) Dosage KURITA NT-2560 is calculated by COC 15 for 3 CT at factory 1 and 2 CT at factory 2.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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V. STANDARD CONTROL

Standard
No Parameters Unit Remark
control
1 pH 8.0 – 9.0
2 ElectricalConductivity μs/cm 1000 - 1500
Water quality will be
3 Total Hardness mgCaCO3/L < 350 controlled Monthly by
4 Calcium Hardness mgCaCO3/L < 200 Goshukohsan. We collect
samples Once a month.
5 Total Ỉron mgCaCO3/L < 2.0
After analysis, we will send
6 M-Alkalinity mg/L < 500
report and recommend to
7 Chloride mg/L < 400 Factory. Suheung will not
lose the cost of analysis.
8 Sulfate mg/L < 100

9 Silica mg PO4^3-/L < 200

Cycle of concentration
10 15 *
(COC)

• Currently, Suheung factory does not have a chemical dosing system and automatic water quality control
system. Therefore, we recommend the use of automatic chemical filling equipment and field blower to control
chemicals as well as ensure water quality during treatment.

 Therefore, we propose automatic chemical dosing and water quality control equipment with smart sensor
and control panel to control the quality of cooling water accurately and safely.

Selecting Chemical Dosing System

Automatic Control &

Category
Dosing System*2
Chemical KURITA NT-2560
Function 01 pump for dosing
Dosing Method By timer
Tank chemical 1 tank
EC control S.Sensing C505 1 set
Solenoid Valve 1 set

Remark:
* 2 – Included EC Controller and solenoid valve to control discharge.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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S. sensing
C505
Easy to use.
lightweight design.
- Automatic water quality
monitoring
- Automatic water quality
control
- Smart display screen
- Sensor length (5m - 10m)

How does it work:

- The conductivity sensor is located in the cooling tower or to external circulation pipe connect with system where have
flow > 3.8 L/min
- When the conductivity is too high, controller will send a signal to open the blowdown/make up line..
- When the water is discharged and the new water replenished into the system, the conductivity of the water will
decrease.
- When the conductivity drops below the set level (95% of the upper setting), the Microtrac will send a signal to close
the blowdown valve.
Therefore, the system will always be maintained at the most optimal level.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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VI. TECHNICAL SERVICE

CLEANING SERVICE COOLING TOWER

To create good condition before using chemicals at the cooling tower system, we recommend the cleaning service on
site, The cleaning process is as follows:

Describe Quantity
Cooling tower cleaning service
- Clean the water tank 2
1. - Heat exchanger tube cleaning spray 2
- Check system equipment, maintain fan motor. engine oil 2

- Check and maintain water supply pump 2

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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PART 2: CHEMICAL TREATMENT CHILLER SYSTEM

I. OPERATING CONDITION CHILLER SYSTEM

Closed Recirculating Closed Recirculating

Operating conditions Cooling Water System Cooling Water System
Specification Specification
Factory 1 Factory 2
05 Chiller (3 run) 05 Chiller (2 run)

System volume (m3) 12 12

Temperature inlet (oC) 12-15 12-15
Temperature outlet (oC) 7-10 7-10
Make up water (*) (m3/month) 5 5
(h/day) 24 24
Operating time (day/month) 30 30
(month/year) 12 12
System material Steel, copper Steel, copper
Cleaning Frequency 1 per month 1 per month
Approach LTD (oC) 2.8 – 3.4 2-3
Remark: (*) Make up water is calculated by Goshu Kohsan Vietnam, approximately 0.001% of recirculation

II. CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM

There are many kinds of corrosion inhibitor for closed loop cooling water system such as Nitrite, Molybdite, Silicate,
Chromate etc, Nitrite is considering as the most effective and the most cost advantage among the others.
However, the Nitrite concentration can be consumed by Nitrification bacteria and lead to the reduction of Nitrite and
then affect to corrosion inhibition results. Therefore, the use of non-oxidizing biocide is very important in Nitrite based
chemcial program.
The selected chemical program for closed loop cooling water system as follow:

1) KURILEX L-111: Chromate-free and nitrite-based corrosion inhibitor, which is normally used in closed-
recirculating cooling water systems, such as bearing cooling, diesel engine cooling, etc. This chemical contains
the copper corrosion inhibitor to prevent corrosion problem on copper material.
Nitrite form a stable gamma-oxide layer film on the surface of steel material. This layer shows an excellent
corrosion inhibition.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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Figure 4: Scan picture of gamma-oxide layer

Figure 5: Nitrite shows excellent corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel at concentration higher than 200 ppm
(source: Kurita handbook).

2) KURITA F-5100: a strong non-oxidizing biocide containing high concentration of Cl-MIT and MIT which show
excellent slime control, bacteria control in cooling water with low dosage. It is commonly found in either open or
closed recirculation water system.
When using Nitrite based corrosion inhibitor, one of the most important things is to prevent Nitrification bacteria
from consuming Nitrite in cooling water.
With the exist of, Nitrite is oxidized to Nitrite.

Nitrification bacteria
NO2- + ½ O2 -------------------------> NO3-

Once NO2- reduction starts, it becomes nil very fast in a few days.

Nitrite ion

Time 

Therefore, KURITA F-5100 is used to effectively prevent Nitrification bacteria problem and to maintain target
control for total bacteria (Mikrobiologie: <100,000 cfu/ml).

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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III. CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION

1. Initial treatment

Consumption Consumption
Chemical Chiller water (kg/time) (kg/time)
Factory 1 Factory 2
KURILEX L-111 (ppm) 1500 18 18

KURITA F-5100 (ppm) 700 8.4 8.4

2. Maintenance treatment
Cool water Cool water
( Chiller ) ( Chiller )
2 Chiller 2 Chiller
System volume 12 12
Make up (m3/ year) 60 60
KURILEX L-111 (kg/year) 90 90
KURITA F - 5100 (kg/year) 42 42

Remark:
(1):Chemical dosage is calculated against blowdown down (make-up) amount 60 m3/year.
(2):Chemical dosage is calculated against total holding volume 12 m3.
All chemicals are calculated with operating time 24 hours/day, 30 days/ month and 12 months/ year.

IV. WATER QUALITY CONTROL TARGET

Water quality and operating conditions of closed recirculating cooling water system shall be controlled as column
“Standard Control”

Chiller Chiller
Parameter Unit Standard
Factory 1 Factory 2 Control

Turbidity NTU < 20

pH - 8.6 7.52 7.0-9.0

77.6 6.8
Electric Conductivity (uS/cm) <10,000

Total Iron (mg/l as Fe) 0.28 3.15 <2.0

<0.05 <0.01 >234
Nitrite ion (mg/l as NO2-)

0.08 0.08 <700

Nitrate ion (mg/l as NO3-)

<0.1 <0.1 <30

Ammonium (mg/l as NH4+)

Copper (mg/l as Cu) <1.0

Concentration of KURILEX L-111 (mg/L) >1000

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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Remark:

1: Proposed pH control standard: 7.0 – 9.0.

Standard pH control 7.0 – 9.0 is great for controlling corrosion problems, however the control range is a bit
narrow for cold water systems. When using anti-corrosion agents, if the system has been corroded before, the
pH may increase slightly due to the reaction of NO2 and Fe to form NH4 and slightly increase the pH.

Therefore, controlling pH in the range of 7.0 – 9.0 can be difficult. Therefore, we propose to increase the pH
control range to 7.0 – 10.0 for easier control. Moreover, the pH level < 10.0 is completely safe for Copper
materials because in the chemical KURILEX L-111 is available anti-corrosion Copper,

2: Proposed Nitrite control standard: 210 – 350.

Since Nitrite is an anti-corrosion agent, it is necessary to control the lower standard in order to keep the
minimum concentration level in anti-corrosion. Ensure system security

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER
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PART III : TREATMENT COST

1. TREATMENT COST

1.1. Chemical for cooling tower

Table 1: Chemical cost for cooling tower

Consumption Consumption
Unit Price Amount
Describe Kg/time Kg/time
Vnd/kg (VNĐ)
Factory 1 Factory 2

1. Initial Treatment

KURITA NT-2560 2,380,000

238,000 10 10

Maintenace
2 Kg/month VND/month
Treatment

KURITA NT-2560 238,000 138 92 54,740,000

Table 2: Chemical dosing system

Unit Price Unit Amount
Describe
Vnd/set (VND)

Automatic Control & Dosing System: Pump, timer,

For lend For lend
control panel for pump, ECO C505, Solenoid Valve, 1 set
FREE* FREE
Chemical Tank

Remark : 1 cooling tower must have 1 dosing system. Factory #1 = 5 sets, Factory #2 = 5 sets.
* When customer use our chemical, we will supply dosing system for free as lending.
If stop use chemical, we recall.

1.2 Treatment Cost for Chiller

Bảng 4: Chiller chemical cost

Unit Price Consumption

Describe Amount (VND)
Vnd/kg Kg
Treatment cost 2 times/ year
1.

KURILEX – L111 172,500 45 kg /6 months 7,762,500

KURITA F - 5100 162,000 21 kg /6 months 3,402,000

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2. TECHNICAL SERVICE
Bảng 5: Technical Service

Describe Frequency

1. Periodic service

- On-site technical service for cooling tower systems 1 time/month

1 time/month
- Water quality analysis report and recommendations

1 time/month
- Meeting, monthly report and discussion

2. Technical Training

- Basic knowledge of water treatment By requirement

THE END

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR COOLING SYSTEM AND CHILLER