11

or in matrix form

Subtracting rows,

[: -J [::H: 1
giving X2 = -0.50, xl = + 0.50; or (XI,X2)T =0.5 (I,-I)T
Several of the techniques used to determine the set of solution
vectors to a matrix system (it is recalled that the set of solution
vectors may be 0) make use of elementary row operations. These
operations are row manipulations that include:
(i) interchange any two rows;
(ii) multiply a row by a nonzero scalar;
(iii) add the contents of a row (which can be multiplied by a
nonzero scalar) to the contents of another row.
DEFINrrION 1.4.1
Matrices Amxn and Bmxn are row equivalent if Bmxn can be
obtained from Amxn by a finite number of elementary row operations.

DEFINITION 1.4.2
A matrix Amxn is in row echelon form if
(i) all zero rows follow the nonzero rows;
(ii) the first nonzero entry of each nonzero row is a 1 (a leading
1);
(iii) the leading one of each nonzero row is preceded by more
zeros than the preceding nonzero row.

Example 1.4.4
Matrices 0) and (ii) are in row echelon form, and matrices (iii) and
(iv) are not.
(i) o (ii)
1