GLOSSARY

(Definitions, Postulates, Theorems and Corollaries) SEME 104: GEOMETRY

DEFINITIONS
Betweenness The Distance Postulate
Point B is between A and C if For every pair of different points there corresponds
a. Points A, B, and C are collinear, and a unique positive number.
b. AB +BC = AC
The Ruler Postulate
Distance The points on a line can be matched with the set of
The unique positive number in the Distance real numbers in such a way that:
Postulate. The absolute value of the difference of 1) to every point on the line there is exactly one
the coordinates of two endpoints real number, known as the coordinate of the point.
2) to every real number there is exactly one
Coordinate point on the line, and
the number that corresponds to a point 3) the distance between any two points is the
absolute value of the difference of their
Midpoint coordinates.
Point B is the midpoint of segment AC if
a. AB + BC = AC, and The Ruler Placement Postulate
b. AB = BC Given two points P and Q on a line, the coordinate
system can be chosen in such a way that the
Segment Bisector coordinate of P is zero and that of Q is a positive
a segment, ray, or a line that contains the midpoint number.
of the segment.
The Line Postulate
Perpendicular Lines For any two different points, there is exactly one
two lines that intersect and not perpendicular. line that contains both points.

Oblique Lines The Number of Points Postulate

lines that intersect and not perpendicular
Skew Lines
lines that are noncoplanar and do not intersect.
Parallel lines
lines that are coplanar and do not intersect.
A plane contains at least three noncollinear points.
Space contains at least four noncoplanar points.
Perpendicular Postulate
If there is a line and a point not on the line, then
there is exactly one line through the point
perpendicular to the given line.

POSTULATES The Plane Postulate

Segment Addition postulate Any three points lie in at least one plane and any
For any segment, the measure of the whole is three noncollinear points lie in exactly one plane.
equal to the sum of the measures of its non-
overlapping parts The Plane Intersection Postulate
If two planes intersect, then their intersection is a
Two Point Postulate line.
Through any two points, there exists exactly one
line. The Flat Plane Postulate
If two pints of a line lie on a plane, the entire line
Line-Point Postulate lies on the plane.
A line contains at least two points.
Postulate 9
Line Intersection Postulate Space contains an infinite number of points, not all
If two lines intersect, then their intersection is coplanar. A plane contains an infinite number of
exactly one point. points, not all collinear. A line contains an infinite
number of points.
Three Point Postulate
The Angle Addition Postulate
Through any three noncollinear points, there exists
exactly one plane.
GLOSSARY
(Definitions, Postulates, Theorems and Corollaries)
If point T is in the interior of <PQR, then m<PQR =
m<PQT + m<TQR
The Supplement Postulate
If two angles form a linear pair, then they are
supplementary.
Linear Pair Postulate
If two angles form a linear pair, then the measures
of the angles add up to 180°.
The Angle Construction Postulate
Let AB be a ray on edge of half-plane H. For every
number between O and 180, there is exactly one
ray AX with point X on H, such that ZXAB.
Postulate 15 The Parallel Postulate
Given a point and a line containing it, there is
exactly one line through the given point parallel to
the given line.
Postulate 16
Given a point and a line not containing it, there is
exactly one line through the given point
perpendicular to the given line.
Postulate 17 CACP Postulate
Given two lines cut by a transversal, if
corresponding angles are congruent, then the two
lines are parallel.
THEOREMS
The Point Plotting Theorem
Let PO be a ray and let r be a positive number.
Then, on ray PQ there is exactly one point T such
that PT = r.
The Midpoint Theorem
Every segment has exactly one midpoint.
The Line Intersection Theorem
If two lies intersect, then their intersection is exactly
one point.
The Line - Plane Intersection Theorem
If a line intersects a plane not containing it, then
their intersection is exactly one point.
The Line – Point Theorem
Given a line and a point not on the line, there is
exactly one plane that contains them
The Lines – Plane Theorem
SEME 104: GEOMETRY
Given two intersecting lines, there is exactly one
plane that contains the two lines.
The Vertical Angle Theorem
Vertical angles are congruent
The Supplement Theorem
Supplements of congruent angles are congruent.
The Complement Theorem
Complements of congruent angles are congruent.
The Four Right Angles Theorem
If two perpendicular lines form one right angle, then
they form four right angles.
Theorem 2.81 AICP Theorem
Given two lines cut by a transversal, if alternate
interior angles are congruent, then the lines are
parallel.
Theorem 2.82 SSIAS Theorem
Given two lines cut by a transversal, if same side
interior angles are supplementary, then the lines
are parallel.
Theorem 2.83 AI-CA Theorem
Given two lines cut by a transversal, if alternate
interior angles are congruent, then corresponding
angles are congruent.
Theorem 2.84 The Three Parallel Lines Theorem
In a plane, if two lines are both parallel to a third
line, then they are parallel.
Theorem 2.85
If two coplanar lines are perpendicular to a third
line, then they are parallel to each other.
Perpendicular Transversal Theorem
In a plane, if a transversal is perpendicular to one
of two parallel lines, then it is perpendicular to the
other line.
Lines Perpendicular to a Transversal Theorem
In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the
same line, then they are parallel to each other.