SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A

Algebra UNIT 1
1. Answer (1)
z – 1 = cosθ + i sinθ [as |z – 1| = 1]
Now, z = 1 + cosθ + i sinθ
z–2 1 + cos θ + i sin θ – 2 cos θ – 1 + i sin θ

Now, = 1 + cos θ + i sin θ = cos θ + 1 + i sin θ
z
θ θ θ
– 2 sin2 + i 2 sin . cos
z–2 2 2 2 θ
= = i tan
z θ θ θ 2
2 cos 2 + i 2 sin . cos
2 2 2
z – 2
Hence, Re  =0
 z 
2. Answer (1)
7 – 30 – 2 = 7 – 30 2 i
(
= 52 + 3 2 i )2
– 2.5. 3 2 i
(
= 5–3 2i )2
( ) ( )
1
Now, 7 – 30 – 2 2 = ± 5 – 3 2i
3. Answer (3)
(1 – ω4) (1 – ω8) (1 – ω22) (1 – ω44)
= (1 – ω) (1 – ω2) (1 – ω) (1 – ω2)
(
= (1 – ω)2 1 – ω2 )
2
( )(
= 1 + ω2 – 2ω 1 + ω4 – 2ω2 )
= (– 3ω) (– 3 ω ) = 9 2
4. Answer (2)
6i –3i 1
A= 2 3 i
4 3i –1
R1 → R1 + R3
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2 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
6i + 4 0 0
A= 2 3 i = (4 + 6i) (– 3 + 3) = 0
4 3i –1
⇒ x = 0, y = 0
5. Answer (4)
2
  1 
29
i 23 +   
  i  
[
= i 4 × 5+ 3 + (– i )4 × 7 + 1 ]2
= [i 3
– (i ) ]
12 [as i 4 = 1]
= [– i – i ]2 = – 4
6. Answer (1)
1+ i 1+ i 1+ i 1 – 1 + 2i
= ×
1– i 1– i 1+ i = 1+ 1 = i
Now, (i)402 = (i)4 × 100 + 2 = i2 = – 1

7. Answer (3)
(ω + ω2 + ω3 + ...+ω100)2 + 1
(
 ω 1 – ω100
= 
)  2
+1

 1– ω 
(
 ω 1 – ω99 .ω
= 
) 2
+1
1– ω 
 
2
21 – ω
= ω   + 1
1– ω
= ω2 + 1 = – ω
7a. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2017]
2ω + 1 = z , z = 3 i
−1 + 3i
ω= → Cube root of unity.
2
C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
2
1 −1 − ω ω = 1 ω ω = 0 ω ω2
2 2
1 ω2 ω7 1 ω2 ω 0 ω2 ω
= 3 (ω2 – ω4)
Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 3
 −1 − 3i   −1 + 3i  
= 3  − 
 2   2 
= −3 3i
= –3z
∴ k = –z
8. Answer (2)
Given, arg(z1) + arg z2 = π
arg(z1.z2) = π
⇒ z1 . z2 = is purely negative real number.
Clearly, z2 = – z1
9. Answer (3)
ω2 + aω + b = 0
ω1 + ω2 = – a, ω1 . ω2 = b
as, ω1, ω2, 0 are vertices of an equilateral triangle,
2 2 2
therefore ω1 + ω 2 + 0 – 0. ω1 – 0.ω2 – ω1ω 2 = 0
⇒ ω12 + ω22 – ω1ω2 = 0
(ω1 + ω2)2 – 3ω1ω2 = 0

a2 – 3b = 0
⇒ a2 = 3b
10. Answer (2)
2+i 2+i 2+i 1 1

z= = = = – i
4i + (1 + i )
2
4i + 1 – 1 + 2i 6i 6 3
arg(z) = – tan–12
11. Answer (2)
|z – 2| = 2|z – 1|
Let z = x + iy
|x + iy – 2| = 2|x + iy – 1|
⇒ (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4((x – 1)2 + y2)
⇒ x2 + 4 – 4x + y2 = 4x2 + 4 – 8x + 4y2
⇒ 3(x2 + y2) = 4x
3 2
x= z
4
3 2
Re(z) = z
4
12. Answer (4)
Given, (1 + x)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ...+ anxn
Put x = i
(1 + i)n = a0 + a1 i – a2 – a3 i + a4 ...
⇒ (1 + i)n = (a0 – a2 + a4...) + i (a1 – a3 + a5...)
Taking modulus and then squaring
2n = (a0 – a2 + a4...)2 + (a1 – a3 + a5...)2
13. Answer (2)
|z – 3i| = |z + 3i|
Let z = x + iy
| x + iy – 3i | = | x + iy + 3i |
(x)2 + (y – 3)2 = (x)2 + (y + 3)2

6y = 0
⇒y=0
14. Answer (2)
(x – 2)3 = – 8
x – 2 = – 2, – 2ω, – 2ω2
x = 0, 2 – 2ω, 2 – 2ω2
= 0, 2(1 – ω), 2(1 – ω2)

x2 –x+1=0
Roots are –ω, –ω2
Let α = –ω, β = –ω2
α101 + β107 = (–ω)101 + (–ω2)107
= –(ω101 + ω214)
= –(ω2 + ω)
=1
15. Answer (1)
ω
z= i
ω+
4
Let ω = x + iy
x + iy x + iy
|z| = i =
x + iy +  1
x + i y + 
4  4
x2 + y 2
2= 2
 1
x2 + y + 
 4
⇒ Clearly, ω lies on circle.
16. Answer (2)
|z1 – 2| < 2
| z1 | – 2 < 2 [ | z1 – z2 | < | z1 | – | z2 |
– 2 < |z1| – 2 < 2

0 < |z1| < 4
Similarly,
0 < |z2|< 8
0 < |z3| < 12
∴ |z1| + |z2| + |z3| < 24
17. Answer (2)
1
x+ =1
x
x2 – x + 1 = 0
1± i 3
⇒x= = – ω, – ω2
2
1
Now, (– ω)2018 +
( –ω)2018
= ω2 + ω = –1
18. Answer (1)
 π A z
( )
i ± 
 3
(z – 0) = 1 – 3 i – 0 e
( 
)
z = 1 – 3i  1 ± i 3 
2

2 
 O (0, 0) B (1– 3i)
z = 2 or – 1 – i 3
19. Answer (2) Y

|z – 4 – 4i| = 4 represents circle
Centred at (4 + 4i) and radius 4 unit
Clearly, least argument = 0 (4 + 4i)
X
π
and greatest principal value of arg z =
2
20. Answer (4)
Y
Clearly |z – 5 + 5i| = 5 represents circle centred
O X
at (5 – 5i ) and radius 5 unit
(0, 0) A
P
OB = |z|max = OP + PB = 5 2 + 5
5–5i
B
OA = |z|min = OP – AP = 5 2 – 5
21. Answer (3)

Given |z – i| < 1
Now, |z + 12 – 6i| = |(z – i) + (12 – 5i)|
≤ |z – i| + |12 – 5i|
< 1 + 13
< 14
1
z+
2
1 1
So, | z | − ≤ z+
2 2
1
−
1 1 2
⇒ z+ ≥ 2−
2 2
3
⇒ zmin. =
2
22. Answer (4)

|z – z1| + |z – z2| = k represents
Ellipse if |z1 – z2| < k
and a line segment joining z1 and z2 if |z1 – z2| = k
Hence |z – 2| + |(z – 2i)| = 2 2 represents straight line joining (2, 0) and (0, 2)
23. Answer (3)
(2 + i 0) (0 + 4i )
Clearly, |z – 2| + |z – 4i | is minimum when z lies on line segment joining (2 + i 0) and (0 + 4i), Hence minimum
value of |z – 2| + |z – 4i | is equal to 22 + 4 2 = 2 5
24. Answer (4)

As m, n, p, q, are consecutive integers then m, n, p, q will be of the form of 4α, 4α + 1, 4α + 2, 4α + 3
(where α is positive integer) Hence i m + i n + i p + i q = 0
25. Answer (4)
|z – 3 + 2i | ≤ 3 ...(i)
|z – 3 + 2i | ≥ ||z | – | 3 – 2i ||
∴ |z – 3 + 2i | ≥ | z | – 13 ...(ii)
From (i) & (ii)
| z | – 13 ≤ 3
⇒ – 3 ≤ |z| – 13 ≤ 3
13 – 3 ≤ | z | ≤ 3 + 13
Now, sum of least and greatest value
= 3 + 13 + 13 – 3
= 2 13
26. Answer (3)
 1 
R   = C
 x + iy 
 x – iy 
R  2 
2  =C
x +y 
x
=C
x2 + y 2
⇒ C (x2 + y2) – x = 0
Hence R   represents circle.

1
z
 
27. Answer (1)
1
z+ +1=0
z
⇒ z2 + z + 1 = 0
⇒ z = ω, ω2
99 2
 r 1 
Now,  ω + r 
r = 1 ω 
2 2 2
 1  2 1   3 1 
= ω +  + ω + 2  + ω + 3 
 ω   ω   ω 
2 2 2
 1   1   1 
+  ω4 + 4  +  ω5 + 5  +  ω6 + 6 
 ω   ω   ω 
+ ............................................33 times
( )
= 1 + 1 + (2 )2 × 33 = 6 × 33 = 198
28. Answer (2)

z
z
π/4
π/4
(– 2 + i 0) (2 + i 0)
Clearly, ‘z’ lies on circle.
29. Answer (3)
π
arg(z – 3 – 4i) =
4
π
arg (x – 3 + i (y – 4 )) =
4
π
arg is ,
4
x – 3 > 0 and y – 4 > 0
y–4 π
So, = tan
x–3 4
⇒y–4=x–3
x–y+1=0
30. Answer (1)
z z + (4 + 3 i ) z + (4 – 3 i ) z + 5 = 0
Radius of circle = (4 + 3i ) (4 – 3i ) – 5 = 25 – 5
= 20 = 2 5
31. Answer (4)
(– 1 + i 3 ) 1008
(
+ – 1– i 3 )
1008
1008 1008
 
1008  – 1 + i 3 
 –1– i 3 
= 2 +  . 21008
 2   2 
   
= 21008(ω)1008 + (ω2)1008 . 21008 [ω,ω2 are complex root of unity]

= 21008 + 21008 = 21009
32. Answer (2)
As |z1| = |z2| = ...|z100| = 1
⇒ z 1 = z 2 = ... z 100 =1
and z1 . z 1 = 1
1
⇒ z1 =
z1
1
Similarly, z2 =
z2
1
z100 =
z100
1 1 1
Now z + z + ... + z =5
1 2 100
z1 + z 2 + ... + z 100 = 5
⇒ z1 + z 2 + ... + z100 = 5
33. Answer (4)

z4 = 1
⇒ z = 1, – 1, i, – i
Now, α12 + α 22 + α 32 + α 24
= (1)2 + (– 1)2 + (i)2 + (– i)2

=1 + 1 – 1 – 1 = 0
34. Answer (4)
10
  2r π  2r π 
 ( – i )  cos  11 
 + i sin
11 

r =1 
10
 2r π 2r π 
(– i)   cos 11
+ i sin
11 
r =1
= (– i) (– 1) = i
35. Answer (3)
|z + 1 – 8i | = |z – 2 + i | + |–1 + 8i – (2 – i)|
⇒ |z – (–1 + 8i)| = |z – (2 – i)| + |(–1 + 8i) – (2 – i)|
Let z1 = –1 + 8i and z2 = 2 – i
then |z – z1| = |z – z2| + |z1 – z2|
⇒ z lies on the line joining z1 and z2.
36. Answer (3)
3 + 3i 1 + i
z= ×
1− i 1+ i
3 − 3 + i (3 + 3)
=
2

−1 3 + 3

| z |= 6 , θ = tan  3 − 3 
 
(as z is in 1st quadrant)
−1  π π
= tan  + 
4 6
5π
=
12

Let point A = (2 + i)
_ C (3,3)
According to concept of rotation 2
2√
D 45° 2
z − z0 | z − z0 | ( θ ) i
= e
z1 − z0 | z1 − z0 |
So, z0 = 3 + 3i A(2,1) 1 B(3,1)

z1 = 3 + i
| z − z0 | = 2 2, | z1 − z0 | = 2
z − ( 3 + 3i ) 2 2 −4π i
So, = e
3 + i − (3 + 3i ) 2
z − (3 + 3i )   π  π 
= 2 cos  −  + i sin  −  
−2i   4   4 
z – 3 – 3i = – 2i – 2
z = 1+ i
37. Answer (4)

|9z2z3 + 25z1z3 + 49z1z2|
= |z1z2z3| | z1 + z2 + z3 |
= |z1z2z3| | z1 + z2 + z3 |
= 3 × 5 × 7 × 10 = 1050
38. Answer (2)
x2 + x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = ω, ω2
Clearly, for all natural numbers
x3p + x3q + 1 + x3r + 2 is 0 for x = ω, ω2
∴ p, q, r may be any real number.
39. Answer (3)
(z′) A (4 + 5i)
B
(1 + i)
Using rotation formulas,

π
i
z ′ − (1 + i ) = (3 + 4i )e 2
z′ – (1 + i) = 3i – 4
z = 4i – 3
40. Answer (3)
z′ – (1 + i)
z'
π
6 +6i
(6 + 6i − 1 − i ) ±i
= e 4
(5 + 5i )  1 i 
=  ± 
2  2 2 (1 + i)
5
= (2i ) = 0 + 5i
2/ 2
or 5 + i0 ⇒ z′ = 1 + i + 5i or 1 + 5 + i
⇒ z′ = 1 + 6i or 6 + i
41. Answer (3)
42. Answer (4)
| α + α2 − β2 | + | α − α2 − β2 |
(α + β) + (α − β) + 2 (α + β)(α − β) (α + β) + (α − β) − 2 (α + β)(α − β)
= 2 + 2
( α + β + α − β )2 ( α + β − α − β )2
= +
2 2
Let α + β = x1 + iy1 and α − β = x2 + iy 2
( x1 + x2 )2 + ( y1 + y 2 )2 + ( x1 − x2 )2 + ( y1 − y 2 )2
=
2
= x12 + x22 + y12 + y 22
= |α+β| +|α −β|
43. Answer (1)

2 + i2 3
Other two vertical will be
 −1 + i 3   −1 − i 3 
(2 + i 2 3)   and (2 + i 2 3) .  
 2   2 
44. Answer (3)

1
z−
3 1
=
| z − 1| 3
Locus of z is circle.
45. Answer (1)
Let z = x + iy
x 2 + y 2 = x + iy + 1 + 2i
Equating real and imaginary part x + 1 = x 2 + y 2

and y + 2 = 0
3
y = –2, x =
2
46. Answer (4)
zz − 3i z + 3iz + 8 = 0
⇒ | z − 3i | = 1
⇒ | z |max = 4
47. Answer (3)
t2 – t + 1 = x and t2 + t + 1 = y
y −x
⇒ =t
2
2
⇒
(y − x) (y − x)
− + 1= x
4 2
⇒ y2 + x2 – 2xy – 2y + 2x + 4 = 4x
⇒ x2 + y2 – 2xy – 2x – 2y + 4 = 0
Δ ≠ 0 and h2 = ab
⇒ Parabola
48. Answer (2)
(–9, –1) (–3, –1)
x = –6 (locus of | z + 3 + i |
= | z + 9 + i|)
Put in equation (ii), we get

|−6 + 3 + iy – 3i| = 3
(y – 3)2 + 9 = 9
⇒ y=3
⇒ One solution
49. Answer (4)
(–1)1 + (–1)2 + (2)3 + (–1)4 + (–1)5 + (2)6 + (–1)7 + (–1)8 + (2)9 + (–1)10
⇒ 8 + 64 + 512 + 1 = 584 + 1 = 585
50. Answer (4)
Common roots are ±1 and complex roots of
z6 – 1 = 0.
51. Answer (4)
z = (1 + sinθ cosθ) + i(cosθ – sinθ)
For purely real
sinθ = cosθ ⇒ tanθ = 1
π
θ = nπ + ,n∈z
4
−7 π −3 π π 5 π
θ= , , ,
4 4 4 4
⇒ 4 solutions
52. Answer (3)
Put z = x + iy, we get y2 = 4ax represents parabola
53. Answer (4)
2π   2π   −2π  
z = 2cos  cos  −  + i sin  
11   11   11  
2π
⇒ Arg ( z ) = −
11
54. Answer (1)
 1 + α + α2 + α3 + α 4 + α 2  −1
log7 
 3  = log7 3 = log 1 = 0
 α  α 7
55. Answer (4)

Given (1 + α)x 2 – 2(1 + 3α)x + (1 + 8α) = 0
For roots to be equal
4(1 + 3α)2 – 4(1 + α)(1 + 8α) = 0
1 + 9α2 + 6α – (1 + 8α + α + 8α2 ) = 0
α2 – 3α = 0
α(α – 3) = 0
α = 0, 3
56. Answer (3)
Given equation is
(b + c – a)x 2 + (c + a – b)x + (a + b – c) = 0
Coefficient of x 2 + Coefficient of x + Constant term
=b+c–a+c+a–b+a+b–c
=a+b+c=0
a+b–c
Hence, x = 1 is one root, and the other root is which is also rational.
b+c–a
57. Answer (4)

a(b – c)x2 + b(c – a)x + c(a – b) = 0
Coefficient of x2 + Coefficient of x + Constant term
= a(b – c) + b(c – a) + c(a – b) = 0
c (a – b )
Hence x = 1 is one root and the other root is .
a(b – c )
As roots are equal,
c (a – b )
Therefore a(b – c ) = 1
⇒ c(a – b) = a(b – c)
ac – bc = ab – ac
⇒ 2ac = ab + bc
2 1 1
⇒ = +
b a c
58. Answer (3)
Given, x 2 – 2px + q = 0 has equal roots
i.e., 4p 2 – 4q = 0
p2 – q = 0 …(i)
Roots of (1 + y)x 2 – 2(p + y)x + (q + y) = 0 are real and unequal
⇒ 4(p + y)2 – 4(1 + y)(q + y) > 0
⇒ (p + y)2 – (1 + y)(q + y) > 0
⇒ –y(p – 1)2 > 0
Clearly, y < 0.
59. Answer (2)
x 2 + 3|x| – 28 = 0
|x|2 + 3|x| – 28 = 0
(|x| + 7)(|x| – 4) = 0
|x| = 4 as |x| ≠ –7
x = ±4
So product of roots = –16
60. Answer (2)
1 1 5 –2
= × = 5 –2
2+ 5 5 +2 5 +2
Since irrational roots of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients always occur in conjugate pair, so other
root of the equation is – 5 – 2
Required quadratic equation is
x 2 – ( 5 – 2 – 5 – 2)x + ( 5 – 2) (– 5 – 2) = 0
x 2 + 4x – 1 = 0
61. Answer (3)
As x 2 + 3x + 6 = 0 has imaginary roots and a, b, c are real so both roots of equations will be common
a b c
∴ = =  a : b : c = 1: 3 : 6
1 3 6

 The equation x2 + 2x + 3 = 0 has complex roots and coefficients of both equations are real.
∴ Both roots are common.
a b c
∴ = =
1 2 3
62. Answer (2)

(a 3 + 1)x 2 + (a 2 – 1)x + (a 2 + 9a + 8) = 0 is an identity
a 3 + 1 = 0 ⇒ a = –1
a2 – 1 = 0 ⇒ a = ±1
a 2 + 9a + 8 = 0 ⇒ a = – 1, –8
Hence, a = –1
63. Answer (2)
From given equation,
α + β = a, αβ = a + b
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
Now, + = + = – – = – = –
2
α – aα 2
β – aβ α (α – a ) β (β – a ) αβ αβ αβ (a + b )
1 1 2
Hence, 2
+ 2
+ =0
α – aα β – aβ a+b
64. Answer (1)

x 3 + px2 + qx + r = 0
α + β + γ = –p, αβ + βγ + αγ = q, αβγ = –r
 1  1  1 
Now,  α –   β –   γ – 
 βγ   αγ   αβ 
 1 1 1  1 
=  αβ – – + 2   γ – 
 γ γ γ αβ   αβ 
 3 1 
=  αβγ – 3 + – 2 2 2 
 αβγ α β γ 
3 1
= –r – 3 – – 2
r r
(1 + r)3
= –
r2
65. Answer (4)

x 2 – 2bx + c = 0
D = 4b 2 – 4c = 4(b 2 – c)
As D < 0, hence x 2 – 2bx + c > 0 ∀x∈R.
Now f(0) > 0
⇒ c>0
66. Answer (1)
f(x) = ax 2 – 2bx + c
D = 4b 2 – 4ac
= 4(b 2 – ac)
⇒ D<0
Now f(–2) = 4a + 4b + c < 0
⇒ f (–1) < 0
a + 2b + c < 0
67. Answer (2)
Let f(x) = ax 3 + 2bx 2 + cx
f(–1) = –a + 2b – c
=0
Also f(0) = 0
So, f ′(x) = 3ax 2 + 4bx + c has at least one root in interval (–1, 0)
68. Answer (4)
For roots to be real,
D ≥ 0 ⇒ 4a 2 – 4(a 2 + a – 3) ≥ 0
⇒3–a≥0
⇒a≤3 …(i)
Also, f(1) > 0
⇒ 1 – 2a + a 2 + a – 3 > 0
a2 – a – 2 > 0
⇒ (a – 2)(a + 1) > 0 ⇒ a∈(–∞, –1) ∪ (2, ∞) …(ii)
Sum of roots
Also, <1
2
a<1 …(iii)
From (i), (ii), (iii)
a∈(–∞, –1)
69. Answer (1)
log7 (x 2 – 4x + 5) = log7 (x – 1)
For log to be defined
x 2 – 4x + 5 > 0, which is true for all x ∈ R.
and x – 1 > 0 ⇒ x > 1 …(i)
also, x 2 – 4x + 5 = x – 1
x 2 – 5x + 6 = 0
x = 3, 2
70. Answer (1)
2x 4 + 5x 2 + 3 = 0
– 5 ± 25 – 24 –5 ±1 3
x2 = = = – 1, –
4 4 2
as x2 cannot be negative, so no real roots.
71. Answer (1)
Clearly, (α, β) are the roots of x 2 – 7x + 12 = 0
⇒ α + β = 7, αβ = 12
α β α 2 + β2 ( α + β) 2 – 2αβ 7 2 – 24 25
Now, + = = = =
β α αβ αβ 12 12
α β
and · =1
β α
α β
One of the quadratic equation having roots , is
β α
α β  α β
x 2 –  +  x +  ·  = 0
β α β α
25
x2 – x + 1= 0
12
⇒ 12x 2 – 25x + 12 = 0
72. Answer (4)
2
– 7x + 7
22 x = 22
⇒ 2x 2 – 7x + 7 = 2
⇒ 2x 2 – 7x + 5 = 0
D = 49 – 4 · 2 · 5
=9
As D > 0, there will be two real roots
73. Answer (3)
As A.M ≥ G.M
⇒ 9 is A.M. and 4 is G.M. of two positive numbers a and b
Clearly, a + b = 18 and ab = 16
Hence quadratic equation is x 2 – 18x + 16 = 0
74. Answer (2)
x 2 – 2px + p 2 – 4 = 0
(x – p)2 = (2)2
⇒ x – p = ±2
x=p±2
Now,
–3 < p – 2 < 5
–1 < p < 7 …(i)
Also,
–3 < p + 2 < 5
–5 < p < 3 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
–1 < p < 3
75. Answer (1)
As tan 30°, tan 15° are roots of x 2 + px + q = 0
∴ tan 30° + tan 15° = –p
tan 30° tan 15° = q
Now, 2 + q – p = 2 + tan 30° · tan 15° + (tan 30° + tan 15°)
= 2 + tan 30° tan 15° + (1 – tan 30° tan 15°)
 tan 30° + tan 15° 

as tan 45° = 
1 – tan 30° tan 15°
 
 1 – tan 30° tan 15° = tan 30° + tan 15°
=2+1
=3
76. Answer (3)
As px 2 – qx + r = 0 is satisfied by more than two different values of x, hence px 2 – qx + r = 0 is an identity
⇒ p = q = r = 0.
77. Answer (4)
Let (x – α) be common factor of x 2 – 11x + m and x2 – 14x + 2m
⇒ α2 – 11α + m = 0 …(i)
and α2 – 14α + 2m = 0 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
α2 α 1
= =
– 22m + 14m m – 2m – 14 + 11
α2 α 1
⇒ = =
– 8m –m –3
(i) (ii) (iii)
From (i) and (ii),
α=8 …(A)
From (ii) and (iii),
m
α= …(B)
3
From (A) and (B),
m = 24
78. Answer (2)
x 2 – 3x + 4
Let y =
x 2 + 3x + 4
⇒ (y – 1)x 2 + 3(y + 1)x + 4(y – 1) = 0

for x to be real,
9(y + 1)2 – 16(y – 1)2 ≥ 0
(3y + 3 – 4y + 4)(3y + 3 + 4y – 4) ≥ 0
(–y + 7)(7y – 1) ≥ 0
1 
⇒ y ∈  , 7
7 
So, maximum value of y is 7.
79. Answer (3)
x 2 – 5mx + 4m 2 + 1 > 0 ∀x only when
D < 0 (as coefficient of x 2 > 1)
25m 2 – 4(4m 2 + 1) < 0
9m 2 – 4 < 0
 2 2
⇒ m ∈– , 
 3 3
80. Answer (1)
ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0
and dx 2 + 2ex + f = 0 will have a common root if
2(bf – ec ) cd – af
=
cd – af 2(ae – bd )
⇒ 4(bf – ec)(ae – bd) = (cd – af )2
2
 f e    e d    d f 
⇒ 4  – bc   – ab  =  –  a 2 c 2
 c b    b a    a c 
2
 f e  e d  d f 
⇒ 4 –   – b 2 =  –  ac
 c b  b a  a c
⇒ 4(α)(α)b 2 = (–2α)2ac
⇒ 4α2b 2 = 4α2ac
⇒ b 2 = ac  b a c b
α = e – d = f – e 
 
81. Answer (3)
f(x) = 3x 2 + 2x + m(m – 1)
O
α β
for roots to be of opposite sign

f [0] < 0
⇒ m(m – 1) < 0
⇒ m∈(0, 1)
82. Answer (2)
x2 + mx + 10 = 0
Let α, β be the roots.
|α – β| = 2
Now, (α – β)2 = 4
(α + β) 2 – 4αβ = 4
m 2 – 40 = 4
m = ± 2 · 11
83. Answer (3)

As |2x – 5| < 3
–3 < 2x – 5 < 3
2 < 2x < 8
1<x<4
x∈(1, 4)
84. Answer (4)
4
y = 2
9 x + 6 x + 11
4
=
(3 x )2 + 2 ·3 x + 1+ 10
4
=
(3 x + 1)2 + 10
For y to be maximum, (3x + 1)2 + 10 must be minimum and the minimum value of (3x + 1)2 + 10 is 10
4 2
So, ymax = =
10 5
85. Answer (1)

x2 + x + 1 = 0
x = ω, ω2, (ω ω2 are complex cube root of unity)
as ω, ω2 are roots of x 2 + x + 1 = 0, so they are also the roots of ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0
Let α be real root then
d
α · ω· ω2 = –
a
d
⇒ α= –
a
86. Answer (1)
x 3 – 5x 2 + 3x + 2 = 0
Let α, β and γ be the roots.
(–5) 3
α+β+γ= – = 5, αβ + βγ + αγ = =3
1 1
αβγ = –2
Now, α2 + β2 + γ2 = (α + β + γ)2 – 2(αβ + βγ + αγ)
= (5)2 – 2(3) = 19
87. Answer (4)
 πx 
x 2 – 6 3 x + 28 – sin2  =0
 6 3 
 πx 
x 2 – 2 ·3 3 x + (3 3 )2 + 1 = sin2  
6 3
 πx 
( x – 3 3 )2 + 1 = sin2  

6 3 
πx
0 ≤ sin2 ≤1 …(i)
6 3
and 1 + ( x – 3 3 )2 ≥ 1 …(ii)
At x = 3 3 (i) and (ii) are satisfied so only solution is x = 3 3 i.e., only one solution
88. Answer (3)

7x + 24x > 252 holds if x > 2.
because at x = 2, 72 + 242 = 252 and for x < 2, 7x + 24x < 252.
∴ x lies in (2, ∞)
89. Answer (3)
3x2 – 2x + p = 0
⇒ 6x2 – 4x + 2p = 0 ... (i)
6x2 – 17x + 12 = 0 ... (ii)
Eqn-(i) – Eqn (ii), we get
13x + 2p – 12 = 0
12 − 2 p
x=
13
2
 12 − 2 p   12 − 2 p 
Now, 3 
13  − 2  13  + p = 0
   
−15 −8
⇒ p= ,
4 3

x2 + bx – 1 = 0 and x2 + x + b = 0 have a common root
Let 'α' is common root.
So, α2 + bα –1 = 0
And α2 + α + b = 0
α2 α 1
Now, 2
= =
b + 1 −(1 + b ) 1 − b
⇒ (b2 + 1) = (b2 + 1)(1 – b)

b = 0 or b2 = – 3
 When b = 0 then common roots is (–1) and so b = 0 rejected
So, b2 = – 3 ⇒ b = ± 3 i
Hence | b | = 3
90. Answer (2)

5x – 1 < (x + 1)2 < 7x – 3
(x + 1)2 > 5x – 1
x2 + 2x + 2 – 5x > 0
x2 – 3x + 2 > 0
⇒ x ∈(– ∞, 1) ∪ (2, ∞) ...(i)
x2 – 5x + 4 < 0
(x – 1) (x – 4) < 0
x ∈ (1, 4) ... (ii)
from (i) and (ii)
x ∈ {3}
91. Answer (4)
x2 – ax + 1 – 2a2 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R
⇒ a2 – 4 + 8a2 < 0
⇒ 9a2 < 4
2 2
⇒ − <a<
3 3
92. Answer (2)
x
Let =Y
x +3
1
8y − =2
y
8y2 – 2y – 1 = 0
2 ± 4 + 32 1 1
y= = ,−
16 2 4
x 1
=
x +3 4
4x = x + 3, ⇒ x = 1
93. Answer (2)
x = 20 + x
x2 = 20 + x
x2 – x – 20 = 0
(x – 5) (x + 4) = 0
x = – 4, x = 5
as x > 0
∴ x=5
94. Answer (3)
Let 2x = y
y2 – 24y + 128 = 0
y2 – 16y – 8y + 128 = 0
(y – 16) (y – 8) = 0
y = 16, y = 8
x = 4, x = 3
94a. Answer (1) (AIEEE 2012)
95. Answer (2)

m+n=m+1 ... (i)
n.m = mn ... (ii)
⇒ n=1
96. Answer (2)
Given equation is
r(x + q) + r(x + p) = (x + p) (x + q)
⇒ x2 + (p + q – 2r)x + pq – rp – rq = 0
sum of roots = 0
⇒ p + q – 2r = 0
p + q = 2r ... (i)
Now,
Product of roots = pq – rp – rq
= pq – r(p + q)
( p + q )2 ( p2 + q 2 )
pq − = −
2 2
97. Answer (1)
α + β = –p, αβ = q
Now quadratic equation whose roots are
α + p, β + p is
(x – p)2 + p(x – p) + q = 0
quadratic equation whole roots are
(α + p)–2, (β + p)–2 is
q2x2 – (p2 – 2q)x + 1 = 0
98. Answer (1)
8x 2 − 6 x + a = 0
6
α + α2 = ... (i)
8
a
α3 = ... (ii)
8
form (i) and (ii)
1 2
 a 3  a 3 3
8 +8 = 4
   
on cubing and solving

a = 1, –27
99. Answer (2)
px 2 + 3 x + 4
<5
x 2 + 2x + 2
px2 + 3x + 4 < 5x2 + 10x + 10 [as x2 + 2x + 2 > 0]
(5 – p)x2 + 7x + 6 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R
⇒ 5 – p > 0 and 72 – 4.6 (5 – p) < 0
71
p < 5 and p <
24
71
⇒ p<
24
100. Answer (3)
Given equation is
 1 1  1 1
2n  1 + + 2  = 7 x  1 + + 2 
 2 2   7 7 
x
 7 7.49
⇒   =
 2 4.57
x
 7
As   is increasing
 2
∴ There is unique solution.
2| x – 3 | + x ( x – 6) + 6 = 0
2| x – 3| + ( x – 3 + 3)( x – 3 – 3) + 6 = 0
2| x – 3| + ( x – 3)2 – 3 = 0
( x – 3)2 + 2| x – 3| – 3 = 0
(| x – 3 | +3)(| x – 3 | –1) = 0
⇒ | x – 3| = 1, | x – 3| + 3 ≠ 0
⇒ x – 3 = ±1
⇒ x = 4, 2
x = 16, 4
101. Answer (4)

α+β+γ=6 ...(i)
∑αβ = 5 ...(ii)
αβγ = 1 ...(iii)
Now α2 + β2 + γ2 = (α + β + γ)2 – 2(∑αβ) = 26
Now α2 + β2 + γ2 = (α + β + γ)2 – 2(∑αβ) = 36 – 10 = 26
α4 + β4 + γ4 = (α2 + β2 + γ2)2 – 2(α2β2 + β2γ2 + γ2α2) ...(iv)
∑α2β2 = (αβ + βγ + γα)2 – 2αβγ(α + β + γ)
= (5)2 –2×1×6
= 13
⇒ α4 + β4 + γ4 = (26)4 – 2 × 13
= 650
102. Answer (4)
|x + 2| |x – 2| ≥ 0
So, p2 + 2p – 3 ≥ 0
(p + 3)(p – 1) ≥ 0
p ∈ (–∞, –3] ∪ [1, ∞)
103. Answer (4)
1 1
a+ =
bc 6
bc
⇒ abc + 1 =
6
1 −1
b+ =
ac 18
−ac
⇒ abc + 1 =
18
1 1
c+ =
ab 24
ab
⇒ abc + 1 =
24
bc −ac ab
⇒ abc + 1 = = =
6 18 24
bc −ac ab
⇒ = =
1 3 4
a c −3
⇒ = − 3, =
b b 4
Then the value of
−3
− ( −3)
c−a −3 + 12 9
= 4 = = =9
c+b −3 −3 + 4 1
+1
4
104. Answer (2)

Let x + y = α, xy = β hence, α, β are roots of t2 – 59 + 1030 = 0
So, x + y = 14, xy = 45
x = 9, y = 5
105. Answer (4)
Let g(x) = f (x) – f (10 – x)
⇒ g(x) is also a polynomial of degree 4 having roots 1, 2, 4 and 7
So, g(x) can be written as
f (x) – (10 – x) = (x – 1)(x – 2)(x – 4)(x – 7)
⇒ f (x) = (x – 1)(x – 2)(x – 4)(x – 7) + (10 – x)
f (x) = x4 – 14x3 + 63x2 – 107x + 66
106. Answer (1)
1 1
Let x = ( 5) 3 + ( 25) 3
⇒ x3 = 5 + 25 + 3 × x × 5
⇒ x3 – 15x – 30 = 0
So, product of roots = 30
107. Answer (3)
x3 – x2 + x – 1 = (x – 1)(x + i)(x – i)
So, x = 1, –i satisfy x2003 – x192 + x97 – x22
So, remainder = zero
108. Answer (3)
In this case x = 1, –1 are roots of the –x2 + bx + c = 0
So, at x = 1
⇒ –1 + b + c = 0 ...(i)
x = –1
⇒ –1 – b + c = 0 ...(ii)
By equation (i) and (ii), c = 1, b = 0
109. Answer (1)
cx2 – 4x + 1 = 0 ...(i) → α1, β1
a 6
2
+ + b = 0, when roots is α1, β1
x x
⇒ bx2 + 6x + a = 0 ...(ii)
c −4 1
Now, = =
b 6 a
−3 b −3
⇒ a= and =
2 c 2
b
So, + a = −3
c
110. Answer (1)
α + β = m, αβ = 4
Now, 2(m +β) = 16β
⇒ m = 7β ...(i)
From equation β2 – (7β)(β) = –4
6β2 =4
2 4 2
⇒ β = =
6 3
m2  2  14
Now, = 7 ( 7 × 7)   =
7  3 3
111. Answer (3)

y
56 x + 33 y = − ...(i)
x + y2
2
x
33 x − 56 y = ...(ii)
x + y2
2
Multiply equation (i) by i and add to equation (ii)
1
( 56i + 33 ) z = where z = x + iy
z
1
z2 =
33 + i 56
z=±
1
=±
( 7 − 4i )
7 + 4i 65
11  p 
|x|+|y|=
65  q 
112. Answer (2)

b2 – 4a ≥ 0
b=1⇒a∈φ b = 3 ⇒ a ∈ {1, 2}
b = 2 ⇒ a ∈ {1} b = 4 ⇒ a ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4}
Total = 7
113. Answer (3)
Given AP’s are
3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, ...407 &
2, 9, 16, 23...709
Clearly Ist common term is 23 and 2nd term is 51.
Let ‘n’ terms be common, then
23 + (n – 1) ( 51 – 23) ≤ 407
(n – 1) (28) ≤ 407 – 23
384
(n –1) ≤
28
5
(n – 1) ≤ 13
7
5
n ≤ 14
7
So, n = 14 i.e., 14 terms are common
114. Answer (4)
As a1, a2, a3, ... are in A.P
⇒ a2 – a1 = a3 – a2 = ... = an – an–1 = d
1 1 1 1
Now, + + + ... +
a1 + a2 a2 + a3 a3 + a4 a n – 1 + an
a2 – a1 a3 – a2 a4 – a3 an – an – 1
= + + + ...+
a2 – a1 a3 – a2 a 4 – a2 an – an –1
=
1
d
(a n – a1 )
 an + a1 
1
= d (a n )
– a1 × 
 a + a 

 n 1 
1 an – a1 (n – 1) d n –1
= d
an + a1 = d ( an + a1 ) =
an + a1
115. Answer (2)
As a, b, c are in A.P
⇒ 2b = a + c
Now, 42b = 4a + c = 4a. 4c
Clearly 4a, 4b, 4c are in G.P
116. Answer (4)
Let S = 3 × 5 + 5 × 8 + 7 × 11 + ...
20th term of series 3, 5, 7...
= 3 + (20 – 1) × 2
= 3 + 38 = 41
20th term of series 5, 8, 11...
= 5 + (20 – 1) × 3
= 5 + 57 = 62
∴ 20th term of series 3 × 5 + 5 × 8 + 7 × 11 + ...
= 41 × 62 = 2542
117. Answer (1)
Given t3 = ar2 = 4
Now, t1.t2.t3.t4.t5 = a.ar.ar2.ar3.ar4
= a5.r1+ 2 + 3 + 4
= a5 .r10 = (ar2)5 = (4)5
118. Answer (2)
41/3. 41/9. 41/27 ...∞
= 41/ 3 + 1/ 9 + ...∞
1/ 3
= 4 1 – 1 / 3 = 41/ 2 = 2
119. Answer (1)
Sn = an + bn 2
S1 = a + b ( I st term)
S2 = 2a + 4b
Now, let d be the common difference
S2 – S1 = 2nd term
a + 3b = Ist term + d
a + 3b = a + b + d
⇒ d = 2b
120. Answer (3)
p, q, r are in A.P
⇒ 2q = p + r
pth, qth and rth term of G.P are
aαp–1, aαq–1, aαr–1 respectively where a is 1st term and α is common ratio of G.P
(
Now, aα q –1 ) 2
= a2α2q – 2 = a2αp + r – 2
= aαp–1. aαq – 1
⇒ pth, qth and rth terms of any G.P will be in G.P if p, q, r are in A.P
121. Answer (2)

Given t46 = a + 45d = 20 [Let a be the 1st term and d be the common difference of A.P.]
Now,
91
S91 = [2a + (n – 1)d ] = 91 [2a + (91 – 1) d ] = 91 × 2 [a + 45d ] = 91 × 20
2 2 2
122. Answer (4)
Let α and β be roots of quadratic equation.
α+β
Given, = 10
2
⇒ α + β = 20
and αβ = 5
⇒ α β = 25
Hence quadratic equation is x2 – 20x + 25 = 0
123. Answer (2)
y = α – α2 + α3 – α4 ...∞
as |α| < 1 and common ratio = – α
α
∴ y = 1 – (– α )
α
y = 1+α
⇒ y + yα = α
y
⇒ α = 1– y
124. Answer (3)

Sn = 12 – 1 + 22 – 2 + 32 – 3 + ...+n2 – n
= 12 + 22 + 32 + ...+n2 – (1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ n)
n (n + 1) (2n + 1) n (n + 1)
= –
6 2
=
n (n + 1)  2n + 1

 2
– 1 = n n – 1 ( )
2  3  3
A = 12 + 2.22 + 32 + .... + 2.202
= (12 + 22 + 32 + .... + 202 ) + 4(12 + 22 + 32 + .... + 102 )
20 × 21× 41 4 × 10 × 11× 21
= + = 2870 + 1540 = 4410
6 6
B = 12 + 2.22 + 32 + .... + 2.402
= (12 + 22 + 32 + .... + 402 ) + 4(12 + 22 + 32 + .... + 202 )
40 × 41× 81 4 × 20 × 21× 41
= + = 22140 + 11480 = 33620
6 6
⇒ B – 2A = 33620 – 8820 = 24800
⇒ 100λ = 24800
λ = 248
125. Answer (3)

S = 1 + 2.2 + 3.22 + 4.23 + ...+ 1000.2999 …(1)
2S = 1.2 + 2.22 + 3.23 + ... + 999 2999 + 2000.21000 …(2)
On subtracting (2) from (1) we get,
–S = 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + ...+2999 – 1000.21000
⇒ S = 1000 .21000 – (1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 2999)
21000 – 1
= 1000.21000 – = 999.21000 + 1
2 –1

109 + 2⋅(11)(10)8 + 3(11)2(10)7 +... + 10(11)9 = k(10)9
x= 109 + 2⋅(11)(10)8 + 3(11)2(10)7+ ... +10(11)9
11
x = 11⋅108 + 2⋅(11)2⋅(10)7 +... + 9(11)9 + 1110
10
 11
x  1 −  = 109 + 11(10)8 + 112×(10)7 +... +119 – 1110
 10 
  11 10 
   − 1
x 10
⇒ − = 109   − 1110
10  11 − 1 
 10 
 
x
⇒ − = (1110 − 1010 ) − 1110 = − 1010
10
⇒ x = 1011 = k⋅109
⇒ k = 100
126. Answer (2)
1+ 2 1+ 2 + 3
S = 1+ + + ...
2 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + r r (r + 1) r + 1
tr = = =
r 2.r 2
1  n (n + 1)
n n
r +1
Now, S = 
r =1
tr = 
r =1
2 =
2

 2

+ n

1  n (n + 1) + 2n  1  n (n + 3)  n (n + 3 )
=  =   =
2 2  2 2  4

2
 n ( n + 1) 
 
tn =
 2 
n2
=
( n + 1) 2
4
1 2
= n + 2n + 1
4 
1  n ( n + 1)( 2n + 1) 2 ( n )( n + 1) 
=  + + 1
4 6 2 
1  9 × 10 × 19 
= + 9 × 10 + 9  = 96
4  6 
126b. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2018]

Let a1 = a and common difference = d
Given, a1 + a5 + a9 + ..... + a49 = 416
⇒ a + 24d = 32 ...(i)
Also, a9 + a43 = 66 ⇒ a + 25d = 33 ...(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii),
We get d = 1, a = 8
Now, a12 + a22 + ..... + a17

2
= 140m
⇒ 82 + 92 + ..... + 242 = 140m
24 × 25 × 49 7 × 8 × 15
⇒ − = 140m
6 6
⇒ m = 34
127. Answer (1)
1 1 1
S = + + + ... to ∞
3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15
1  4 4 4 
=  + + + ...∞ 
4  3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15 
1  7 – 3 11 – 7 15 – 11 
=  + + + ...∞ 
4  3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1  1 1
=  – + – + – + + ...  =  =
4  3 7 7 11 11 15 15  4  3  12
128. Answer (3)
2 8 26
S = + + + ...
3 9 27
1 1 1
S = 1– +1– +1– + .... upto n terms
3 9 27
1 1 
= (1 + 1 + 1 + ... n times) –  + + ... upto n terms 
 3 9 
1   1 
n
1 –   
3  3 
 
=n– 1
1–
3
 n
1 1 –  1  
n–
2   3  
n – 2–1 + 3–n. 2–1

129. Answer (1)
100 × 101
S = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100 = = 5050
2
S1 = 3 + 6 + 9 + ... + 99
= 3(1 + 2 + 3 + ... 33)
3 × 33 × 34
= = 1683
2
S2 = 5 + 10 + 15 + ...+ 100
= 5(1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ 20)
5 × 20 × 21
= = 1050
2
S3 = 15 + 30 + 45 + ....+ 90
= 15 (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 6)
15 × 6 × 7
= = 315
2
Required sum = 5050 – 1683 – 1050 + 315 = 2632
130. Answer (2)
a10 = a1 + (10 – 1) d
⇒ 3 = 2 + 9d
1
⇒d=
9
also h1, h2, h3...h10 are in H.P
1 1 1
∴ h , h , ... h are in A.P
1 2 10
1 1
∴ h = h + (10 – 1) D
10 1
1 1
= + 9D
3 2
–1
⇒D=
54
1 20
Now, a3 = a1 + 2d = 2 + 2. =
9 9
1 1 1  1  27 – 7 20 10
and = + (8 – 1)D = + 7 × –  = = =
h8 h1 2  54  54 54 27
27
h8 =
10
20 27
Now, a3. h8 = × =6
9 10
131. Answer (4)
4 + 5   
x2 –   x + 8 + 2 5 
5 + 2   5+ 2  = 0
   
Let α, β be roots
4+ 5
then α + β =
5+ 2
8+2 5
and α β =
5+ 2
2αβ
Now H.M. of α and β = α + β
8 + 2 5 
2× 
 5+ 2 
 
= =4
4+ 5
5+ 2
132. Answer (2)
a
S∞ = =4 ...(i)
1− r
3
and ar = ...(ii)
4
where a is 1st term of G.P and r be the common ratio
from (i)
ar
r (1 – r ) = 4
3
⇒ =4
4r (1 – r )
⇒ 16r (1 – r) = 3
⇒ 16r2 – 16r + 3 = 0
16 ± 256 – 192
r=
32
16 ± 8 3 1
= = ,
32 4 4
1
when r = ,a=3
4
Hence answer is (2).
133. Answer (4)
S1 =
n
[2 + (n – 1)] = n (n + 1)
2 2
S2 =
n
[4 + (n – 1) 3] = n (3n + 1)
2 2
.............................................
.............................................
n
Sr = {(2r – 1) n + 1}
2
n (n + 1) n (3n + 1) n
∴ S1 + S2 + ...+Sr = + + ...+ {(2r – 1) n + 1}
2 2 2
=
n
2
[
n + 3n + 5n + ... + (2r – 1) n + r }
n
= {n (1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2r – 1)) + r }
2
=
n
2
{
nr 2 + r }
nr
= {nr + 1}
2
134. Answer (3)
4 5 4 5 4 5
S = − + – + – + ...
7 7 2 73 7 4 75 76
4⎛ 1 1 ⎞ 5  1 1 
= ⎜1 + 2 + 4 + ... to ∞ ⎟⎠ – 2  1 + 2 + 4 + ...to ∞ 
7⎝ 7 7 7  7 7 
   
4 1  5  1 
= –
7  1 – 1  72   1 
 1–  49  
49    
   
4 × 49 5 × 49
= 7 × 48 – 2
7 × 48
23
=
48
135. Answer (4)
Sn = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... to n terms
tr = r . r( + 1) = r2 + r
n n
Sn = t
r =1
r = r
r =1
2
+r
n (n + 1) (2n + 1) n (n + 1)
= +
6 2
n (n + 1) (n + 2 )
=
3
136. Answer (3)
S= 2
n =1
n –1
+ 8n 3 – 6n 2
 n (n + 1)   n (n + 1) (2n + 1) 
2
2n – 1
= +8  –6 
2–1  2   6 
= 2n – 1 + 2((n) (n + 1))2 – n (n + 1) (2n + 1)
= 2n – 1 + n (n + 1) [2(n) (n + 1) – (2n + 1)]
= 2n – 1 + n(n +1) (2n2 – 1)
137. Answer (4)
n+3−n
tn =
3[n(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)]
1 1 1 
=  − 
3  n(n + 1)(n + 2) (n + 1)(n + 2)( n + 3) 
1 1 1 
∴ t1 = −
3 1⋅ 2 ⋅ 3 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 4 
1 1 1 
t2 = −
3  2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 4 3 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 5 
...................................
...................................
1 1 1 
tn =  − 
3  n(n + 1)(n + 2) (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3) 
Adding all we get
1 1 1 
 − 
3 1⋅ 2 ⋅ 3 (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3 ) 
138. Answer (4)
5 1 7 1 9 1 11 1 2n + 3 1
S = 1.2 . 3 + 2.3 . 2 + 3.4 . 3 + 4.5 . 4 + ... tn = n (n + 1) . n
3 3 3 3
2n + 3 A B
Now, = +
n (n + 1) n n +1
A=3
B=–1
3 1  1 1 1 1 1
tn =  n – n + 1  n = n . n –1 – n + 1 . n
 3 3 3
1 1 1
Now, t1 = – .
31 –1 1 + 1 31
1 1 1 1
t2 = . – .
2 3 3 32
1 1 1 1
t3 = . 2 – . 3
3 3 4 3
.............................
.............................
1 1 1 1
t n = n . n –1 – n + 1 . n
3 3
On adding
1 1
Sn = 1 – .
n + 1 3n
139. Answer (1)

Sn = (n2 – 12) + 2(n2 – 22) + 3(n2 – 32) + ...
tr = r (n2 – r2)
Sn = t
r =1
r
=  r (n
r =1
2
– r2 )
n
= n r – r
r =1
2 3
n n
= n r – r
r =1
2
r =1
3
2  n (n + 1)   n (n + 1) 
2
= n  – 
 2   2 
n 2 (n + 1)  (n + 1)
= n – 
2  2 
n 2 (n + 1)  n – 1
=  
2  2 
n2 n2 – 1
=
( )
4
140. Answer (2)
2 2 2
= +  y 2 = xy
y x+y y+z
∴ x, y, z are in G.P.
141. Answer (1)
When one A.M. is inserted then
a+b
A.M. = ... (i)
2
When n A.M. is inserted
n
Sum of n. A.M is = (a + b) ...(ii)
2
Equation (ii) / equation (i) = n : 1
142. Answer (1)
a, ar, ar2
ar + ar2 > a ...(i),
Also, ar2 – ar < 0
⇒ r2 – r – 1 < 0 ... (ii)
5 –1 5 +1
⇒ <r <
2 2
a ar2
ar
143. Answer (1)
∞
x= a
n=0
n
1
= 1– a
1 1
Similarly, y = and z =
1– b 1 – c
as a, b, c are in A.P
⇒ 1 – a, 1 – b, 1 – c are in A.P
1 1 1
⇒ , , are in H.P
1– a 1– b 1– c
⇒ x, y, z are in H.P
144. Answer (1)
a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + am m2
Given, = 2
a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + an n
m
[2a1 + (m – 1)d ] m 2
= 2 = 2
n
[2a1 + (n – 1)d ] n
2
 m – 1
a1 +  d
 2  m
⇒ = ...(i)
 n – 1 n
a1 +  d
 2 
a6 a1 + 5d
Now, a = a + 20d ...(ii)
21 1
m –1 n –1
Put = 5 as m = 11 and = 20
2 2
i.e. n = 41 in equation (i)
a1 + 5d 11
a1 + 20d = 41
a6 11
⇒ =
a21 41
145. Answer (1)

If α1, α2, α3, ...αn are in H.P
1 1 1 1
Then α , α , α , ... α are in H.P
1 2 3 n
and let d be common difference
1 1 1 1
d = α – α = α – α = ...
2 1 3 2
Now, α1α2 + α2α3 + ...+αn–1αn

1
= (α1 – α 2 ) + 1 (α 2 – α 3 ) + ... + 1 (α n –1 – α n )
d d d
1
= (α1 – α 2 + α 3 – α 2 + ... + α n –1 – α n )
d
1
= ( α1 – αn )
d
α1 – αn
=
 1 1
 – 
α
 n α 1
(n – 1)
= (n – 1) (α1αn)
146. Answer (2)
As a, b c are in H.P
b = H. M of a and c
 G.M > H.M
∴ ac > b
an + c n
Now A.M of an and cn =
2
 (ac )n 
G.M. of an and cn = a n . c n =  
 A.M ≥ G.M
an + c n 
> (ac )n  ...(i)
2  
as ac > b
∴ ( ac ) n
> bn ...(ii)
From (i) & (ii)
an + c n
> bn
2
an + cn > 2bn
⇒ a n + cn > b n
1 1 1
Clearly a3 + c3 > 3b3 is wrong (for example a = , b= , c= )
10 11 12
147. Answer (4)
b+c
A = A.M between b and c =
2
 g1 and g2 are two G.M’s between b and c.
1/ 3
c 
∴ g1 = b  
b
2/3
c 
g2 = b  
b
3 c c2
Now, g13 + g23 = b . + b3. 2
b b
= b2c + bc2
= bc (b + c)
= bc. 2a
= 2abc
148. Answer (2)
a+b=5
a a b b b
+ + + + =5
2 2 3 3 3
1
a a b b b
+ + + +  a 2b 3  5
Now, 2 2 3 3 3 ≥  2 3 
5 2 .3 
a 2b 3
⇒ ≤1
2 2.3 3
a2b3 ≤ 2233
So maximum value of a2b3 = 22.33
149. Answer (2)
n
 f (k ) = 1 + 1 + 4  + 1 + 4 + 9  + 1 + 4 + 9 + 16  + ... + 1+ 41 + 91 + ... + n1 
1 1 1 1 1 1
2
k =1
n −1 n − 2 1
=n+ + + ... + 2
4 9 n
{
= n 1+
1 1
+ + ... to nth terms –
4 9 } { 1 2 3
+ +
4 9 16
+ ... to (n − 1) terms }
 1 1   1 1  1 1  
= nf ( n ) + 1 − 1 +  −  +  −  +  −  + ...
 2 4 3 9 4 16 
1 1 1  1 1 1
= n f (n) + 1+ + + ... + 2 −  1 + + + ... + 
4 9 n  2 3 n
 1 1 1
= n f ( n ) + f ( n ) −  1 + + + ... + 
 2 3 n
 1 1 1
= ( n + 1) f ( n ) −  1 + + + ... + 
 2 3 n
150. Answer (4)

151. Answer (2)
As 2 < e < 3, ⇒ [e] = 2
152. Answer (3)
n4 n3 n3 − 1+ 1
ln = = =
n ! (n − 1)! (n − 1)!
n3 − 1 1
= +
(n − 1) ! (n − 1) !
(n − 1) (n 2 + n + 1) 1
= +
(n − 1) ! (n − 1) !
n2 + n + 1 1
= +
( n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n2 + n 1 1
= + +
(n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n2 − 4 + 4 + n − 2 + 2 1 1
= + +
( n − 2) ! (n – 2)! (n – 1)!
n2 − 4 n−2 6 1 1
= + + + +
(n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n+2 1 7 1
= (n − 3) ! + (n − 3 ) ! + (n − 2) ! + (n − 1) !
∞
1 6 7 1
ln = + + +
( n − 4 ) ! ( n − 3) ! (n − 2) ! ( n − 1) !
,  ln = 15e
n =1
153. Answer (3)
1 1 1 1 1
S = − + − + − ......
1.2 2.3 3.4 4.5 5.6
 1  1 1  1 1
=  1 −  −  −  +  −  − ......
 2 2 3 3 4
 1 1 1 1 1  1 1 1 1 1 1 
= 1 − + − + − + ......  −  − + − + − + ...... 
 2 3 4 5 6   2 3 4 5 6 7 
 1 1 1 1 1 
= loge (1 + 1) +  − + − + − + ...... 
 2 3 4 5 6 
= loge 2 + (loge 2 – 1)
= 2 loge 2 – 1
= loge 4 – 1
154. Answer (2)
2 3
x−y 1 x−y 1 x−y
 +   +   + ......
 x  2  x  3  x 
 x−y y
= − log 1 −  = − log  
 x  x
x
= log x – log y = log  
y
155. Answer (4)
∞
1 1 1

n =0 2 2n
⋅ 2n !
= 1+ +
4.2 ! 16.4 !
+ ......
2 4
 1  1
   
 2  +  2  + ......
=1+
2! 4!
1 1 1
− e+
e2 + e 2
e e +1
= = =
2 2 2 e
156. Answer (2)
(log ( x ))2n = 1+
( log x ) 2 + ( log x ) 4 + ...
2n ! 2! 4!
elog x + e − log x 1 1
= = x + 
2 2 x
157. Answer (2)
∞
3n − 2 1 3n − 2
 
n 1
C2 = = e3
n! 2 ( n − 2) ! 2
n=2
158. Answer (1)
log x (log x )2 (log x )3

y =1+ + + + ...... = elog x = x
1! 2! 3!
159. Answer (2)
e loge x = x, coefficient of x10 = 0

160. Answer (2)
1  1 2 1  1 3 1
1− +   ⋅ −   ⋅ + ...
2  2 2  2 3
e
e
=
1  1 2 1  1 3 1
−   ⋅ +   ⋅ − ...
2 2 2 2 3
e
e e 2
= = 3
= e
 1
ln 3
ln  1 + 
e  2 e 2
161. Answer (2)

ln(1 + 2x – 3x2) = ln{(1 – x) (1 + 3x)}
= ln (1 – x) + ln(1 + 3x)
 x2 x3 x 4 
=  − x − − − ... +
2 3 4 
 ( 3 x ) 2 ( 3 x )3 
3 x − + ...
 2 3 
4 1 81 41
∴ Coefficient of x = − − =−
4 4 2
162. Answer (1)
3− 2
Let x =
2
5−2 6 3 3 − 11 2 4 49 − 20 6
then x 2 = ,x = ,x = ,...
2 2 2 4
and x + x 2 + x 3 + .....∞
x
=
1− x
3− 2
=
2 2− 3
163. Answer (4)
164. Answer (1)
cos A · cos 2A · cos 22A ...... cos (2n–1 A)
1
= [2 sin A · cos A · cos 2A ...... cos 2n–1 A]
2 sin A
1
= [sin 2A · cos 2A ......]
2 sin A
1
= [sin 4A · cos 4A ...... cos 2n–1 A]
4 sin A
= ......
= ......
sin 2n A
=
2n sin A
165. Answer (1)

xn – yn is divisible by x + y only if n = 2 m.
166. Answer (4)
By verification 2n < n! is valid only for n ≥ 4.
167. Answer (4)
168. Answer (2)
n = 2 satisfies the inequality but n = 1 does not.
169. Answer (3)
2009! 2009!
2001× 2002 × 2003 × ... × 2009 = = 9! ×
2000! 2000! × 9!
= 9! × 2009C9
= 9! × an integer
Hence 2001 × 2002 × ... × 2009 is divisible by
9! = 362880.
170. Answer (1)
Clearly option (1) is satisfied for all n ∈ N
171. Answer (2)
a1 1
a1 = 1, a2 = =
2 2
a2 1 1
a3 = = =
3 2.3 3!
1
Similarly an =
n!
172. Answer (2)
u2 = 3u1 – 2u0
= 3.3 – 4 = 5 = 22 + 1
u3 = 3u2 – 2u1
= 3.5 – 2.3 = 9 = 23 + 1
173. Answer (3)
n n n

r =1
(a r + br ) = 
r =1
ar + b r
r =1
a(1 − a n ) bn(n + 1)
= +
1− a 2
174. Answer (4)
n n n

r =1
r (n − r ) = n  r
r =1
r−
r =1
2
n 2 (n + 1) n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
= −
2 6
n(n 2 − 1)
=
6
175. Answer (2)

b1 + b5 + b10 + b15 + b20 + b24
= 6b1 + (4d + 9d + 14d + 19d + 23d)
= 3(2b1 + 23d) = 225 (given)
24
24
Now, b
i =1
i =
2
(2b1 + 23d ) = 12 × 75 = 900
176. Answer (3)

x2 + 9y2 + 25z2 – 15yz – 5xz – 3xy = 0
Multiply by 2
(x – 3y)2 + (3y – 5z)2 + (5z – x)2 = 0
⇒ x – 3y = 3y – 5z = 5z – x = 0
⇒ x = 3y = 5z = k (say)
k k
⇒ x = k, y = ,z=
3 5
2 1 1
⇒ = +
y x z
177. Answer (4)

1/3 2/3
a+b b b
A1 = , G1 = a   , G2 = a.  
2 a a
b
G13 = a2 b, G23 = b 2 a, G1G2 = a 2 .   = ab
a
G13 + G23 ab(a + b ).2

⇒ = =2
G1G2 A1 ab.(a + b)
178. Answer (2)
S(2n) = 14 + 24 + 34 + .... + (2n – 1)4 + (2n)4
= 14 + 34 + 54 + .... + (2n – 1)4 + 24(14 + 24 + ... + n4)
n
=  (2r − 1) 4
+ 16 + S(n )
r =1
⇒  (2r − 1) 4
= S (2n ) – 16S ( n )
r =1
179. Answer (3)
 I (r ) = 3
r =1
n
−1
I(r) = 3r – 1 – (3r – 1 – 1) = 3r – 1.(3 – 1)
3   1 
r −1 n n r −1 n
1 1  1 1 1  1
= .
I (r ) 2  3 
  I(r ) = 2   3 
r =1 r =1
= 1 −
4   3 




180. Answer (3)
1 1 1 1
+ + + =0
a a−b c c−b
1 1  1 1 
⇒  + + + =0
a c−b c a−b
a+c −b a+c −b
⇒ + =0
a(c − b) c(a − b)
a−b a 2ac
⇒ = b=
b−c c a+c
181. Answer (2)

We have,
loga100 = 2loga10, 2logc5 + logc4 = logc100 = 2logc10
According to the question loga100, 2logb10, 2logc10 are in H.P.
2 1 1
⇒ = +
2logb 10 2loga 10 2logc 10
⇒ 2log10b = log10a + log10c ⇒ b2 = ac
182. Answer (1)
1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, .....
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 = 15 = 2n – 1
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ..... 512 = 1023
i.e., 1023th term is 512 and 1024th term is 1024.
Also, 1025th term is 1024.
i.e., 210
183. Answer (4)
Lengths of line segments on one side of the diagonal are 2, 2 2, 3 2,.......,(n − 1) 2 , the required sum is
= 2( 2 + 2 2 + ........ + (n − 1) 2 ) + n 2
= 2 2[(1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + (n − 1)] + n 2
= n2 2
184. Answer (4)
We have,
a3 + c3 – 8b3 = a3 + c3 + (–2b)3
as a + c – 2b = 0
⇒ a3 + c3 + (–2b)3 = 3 . a . c (–2b) = – 6 abc
185. Answer (4)
 4r 4r + 1 
  ( r − 1) r − 
r ( r + 1) 
r =2 
 4 2 43   43 44   44 45   450 4 41  
=  − + − + − + ... + − 
   
 1.2 2.3   2.3 3.4   3.4 4.5 
  49.50 50 × 51 
451
= 8−
50 × 51
186. Answer (3)

Sλ = λ + 1
10
 ( λ + 1)
3
So, = 5P
λ =1
⇒ 13 + 23 + 33 + ... 113 = 5P + 1
2
 11 × 12 
⇒  = 5P + 1
 2 
P = 871
187. Answer (2)
a 2m . b 2n 1 1 1
= × ≤
(1+ a )(1+ b )
4m 4m
 2m 1 
 a + 2m 
 2m 1 
 b + 2m 
4
a b
(A.M. ≥ G.M.)
188. Answer (1)
Sn =
( n − 1) n ( n + 1)

6
1 1 1
So, Tn = Sn − Sn − 1 = ( n − 1)( n )( n + 1) − − ( n − 2)( n − 1)( n )
6 6 6
( n − 1) n n ( n − 1)
=
6
[ n + 1 − n + 2] = 2
10 10
1 2
Now, T
r =1
=  r (r
r =1 − 1)
r
10
 1   1 1   1 1   1 1  1 1 
⇒  2  r − 1
= 2  −  +  −  +  −  + ... +  −
 2 3   3 4   4 5   9 10  

r =3 
1 1 ( 5 − 1) = 4
= 2 −  =2
 2 10  10 5
189. Answer (4)
Given abc = 24
y −x
When x, a, b, c, y are in A.P. and common difference =
4
3x + y x+y x + 3y
So, a = ,b = ,c =
4 2 4
3 x + 4 x + y x + 3y
Given × × = 24 ...(i)
4 2 4
125
Given abc =
24
When x, a, b, c, y are in H.P.
1 1 1 1 1 x−y
So, , , , , are in A.P so common difference =
x a b c y 4 xy
1 x + 3y 1 x + y 1 3x + y
So, = , = , =
a 4 xy b 2 xy c 4 xy
 4 xy   2 xy   4 x y  125
Given  x + 3 y   x + y   3 x + y  = 24
4 × 2 × 4 ( xy )
3
125
From equation (i) =
4 × 2 × 4 × 24 24
xy = 5
It is given x + y are positive integers then x = 1 and y = 5 or x = 5 and y = 1
So, x + y = 6
190. Answer (3)
y = x + 2z ...(i)
and x2 = yz ...(ii)
x2
So, = x + 2z
z
⇒ x2 = z(x + 2z)
⇒ z, x and (x + 2z) are in G.P.
191. Answer (3)
Let the numbers be a and b
2ab 8 × 27
ab = 182 and =
a+b 13
2 × 13 × 18 × 18
a+b= = 39
8 × 27
a−b= ( a + b) 2 − 4ab = 392 − 362 = 15
192. Answer (3)

r r
k ( 2k + 1) + 1 1.3 + 1 2.5 + 1 r ( 2r + 1) + 1
∏T
k =1
k = ∏ ( k − 1)( 2k − 1) + 1 = 0.1 + 1. 1.3 + 1 ... ( r
k =1 − 1)( 2r − 1) + 1
= 2r2 + r + 1
n n
n ( n + 1) n ( n + 3)
Now;  ( 2r
r =1
2
+ r + 1 − 2r 2 = )  ( r + 1)
r =1
=
2
+n =
2
193. Answer (1)
10P
10!
= 720 ∴ = 720
r
(10 – r )!
∴ 10 × 9 × 8 × ... to r factor = 10 × 9 × 8
∴ r=3
194. Answer (3)
2n + 1P : 2n–1P =3:5
n–1 n
(2n + 1) ! (2n – 1) !
⇒ (n + 2) ! : (n – 1) ! =3:5
(2n + 1) ! × (n – 1) ! 3
or (n + 2) ! (2n – 1) ! =
5
(2n + 1) (2n ) 3
or (n + 2) (n + 1)n =
5
or 10(2n + 1) = 3(n + 1) (n + 2)
or 3n2 – 11n – 4 = 0
or (n – 4) (3n + 1) = 0
1
⇒ n = 4, n = –
3
1
as n ≠ –
3
∴n=4

n+2
C6
n−2
= 11
P2
(n + 2)! = 11 × 6! × (n – 2)!
(n + 2)(n + 1)(n)(n –1) = 11 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 9 ⋅ 8
n + 2 = 11, So, n = 9
which satisfy 1st option (n2 + 3n – 108) = 0
195. Answer (2)

tn = n.npn = n. n! = {(n + 1) – 1] . n! = (n + 1)! – n!
∴ tn = (n + 1) ! – n!
t1 = 2! – 1!
t2 = 3! – 2!
t3 = 4! – 3!
-------------------
-------------------
tn = (n + 1) ! – n!
-------------------
∴ t1 + t2 + ....+ tn = (n + 1)! – 1! = n + 1p –1
n+1
196. Answer (2)

Any number between 400 and 1000 will be of three digits
4, 5, 6
Hundred’s place can be filled by 3 ways and remaining two place can be filled up by remaining five digits in
5P ways.
2
5!
Required Number = 3 × 5P2 = 3 × = 60
3!
197. Answer (2)

Any number between 300 and 3000 must be of 3 or 4 digits.
Case 1 : When number is of 3 digits
3 or 4 or 5
3 ways 5
P2 ways
5!
Number of numbers formed in this case = 3 × 5P2 = 3 × = 60
3!
Case 2 : When number is of 4 digits
1 or 2
2 ways 5
P3
Number of number formed = 2 × 5P3 = 120

∴ Required number = 60 + 120 = 180

4 digit numbers
3, 5, 6, 7, 8
678
3 4 5 2 = 72
5 digit numbers
5
5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120
Total number of integers = 72 + 120 = 192
198. Answer (3)

Required number = Number of numbers of 5 digits
+ Number of numbers of 4 digits
+ Number of numbers of 1 digit
= 4.4P4 + 4 × 4P3 + 4 × 4P2 + 4 × 4P1 + 4 = 260
199. Answer (4)
Occurrence of zero at any place will not affect the sum of digits at that place
Number of numbers formed having 2 at units place = 2 × 2P2 = 4
1 or 3 2
2P2 1 way
2 way
Similarly 1, 3 occur at units place 4 times also, 1, 2, 3 occur at tenth, hundred place 4 times.
Number of numbers formed having 2 at thousands place = 1 × 3P3 = 6
1 way
3P3 ways
Sum of the numbers formed = 4(1 + 2 + 3) × 10° + 4 (1 + 2 + 3) × 101 + 4(1 + 2 + 3) × 102 + 4x(1 + 2 + 3)
× 103 = 38664
200. Answer (1)
Each prize can be distributed by 7 ways, so required number = 7 × 7 × 7 = 73
201. Answer (1)
Number of ways when there is no restriction = 8! ways. When all the three girls sit together, regarding three
girls as one person, total person = 5 + 1 = 6 and then can be arranged in 6!. 3! ways.
Required no of ways in which all the girls do not sit together = 8! – 6! 3!
= 8 × 7 × 6! – 6.6!
= 50 (6!)
202. Answer (4)
Number of girls = 4
Number of boys = 10 – 4 = 6
XBXBXBXBXBXBX
6 boys can be arranged in a row in 6! ways. If girls are arranged at the places indicated by crosses, no two
girls will be consecutive.
Required number of ways = 7P3 × 6!
7!
= × 6! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 6! = 30.(7!)
4!

Number of ways of selecting 4 novels from 6 novels = 6C
4
Number of ways of selecting 1 dictionary from 3 dictionaries = 3C1
Required arrangements = 6C4 × 3C1 × 4! = 1080
⇒ Atleast 1000
203. Answer (2)

If boy sit at 1st place
BGBGBGBG
Number of ways = 4!.4! = (4!)2
204. Answer (1)
9!
Total number of words when there is no restriction = 2 ! 2 !
8!
Total number of words when both ‘S’ are together = 2 !
9! 8! 7
Required number = 2 ! 2 ! – 2 ! = (8!)
4
205. Answer (2)
In ORANGE, there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants
1 2 3 4 5 6
There are ‘3’ odd places and 3 even places. Required Number of arrangement = 3!.3! = (3!)2
206. Answer (1)
5 Indians can be arranged along a round table by 4! ways
I
I I
I I
I
If Englishmen are arranged on the place indicated by ‘X’ then no two Englishmen will sit together.
Required number of ways = 4 ! × 5P4 = 4! 5!
207. Answer (3)

5
95
C4 + 
i =1
100 – j
C3
= 95C + (99C3 + 98C + 97C + 96C + 95C )

4 3 3 3 3
= 96C + 95C + 96C + 97C + 98C + 99C

4 3 3 3 3 3
= 96C + 96C + 97C + 98C + 99C

4 3 3 3 3
= 97C + 97C + 98C + 99C

4 3 3 3
= 98C + 98C + 99C

4 3 3
= 99 C + 99C = 100C = 100C

4 3 4 96
208. Answer (4)

Total number of persons = 6 + 5 = 11
Total number of selections of 6 members out of 11 persons = 11C = 462
6
Number of selection of 6 members when no lady is included = 6C6 = 1

Required number = 462 – 1 = 461
209. Answer (2)
21600 = 25.33.52
Zero or more 2’s can be selected out of five 2’s in 5 + 1 = 6 ways
Zero or more 3’s can be selected out of three 3’s in 3 + 1 = 4 ways
Zero or more 2’s can be selected out of two 5’s in 2 + 1 = 3 ways
Each selection gives a divisor of 21600
Total no of divisors = 6 × 4 × 3 = 72
210. Answer (3)
Let ‘n’ be number of sides then number of diagonals = nC2 – n = 35
n (n – 1)
– n = 35
2
n2 – 3n = 70
⇒ n2 – 3n – 70 = 0
⇒ (n – 10) (n + 7) = 0
⇒ n = 10, (as n ≠ – 7)
211. Answer (1)
As C is always included and D is always excluded then total number of committee = selection of 3 from 4
persons (A, B, E, F) = 4C3 = 4
212. Answer (4)
a + b + c + d = 20
0 ≤ a ≤ 20, 0 ≤ b ≤ 20, 0 ≤ c ≤ 20 and 0 ≤ d ≤ 20
total number of non-negative integral solution = 20 + 4 – 1C = 23C = 23C
4–1 3 20
213. Answer (2)
nC n n
r + 1 + Cr–1 + 2. Cr
= nCr + 1 + nCr – 1 + nCr + nCr
= nCr+1 + nCr + nCr + nCr–1
= n+1Cr + 1 + n + 1Cr
= n + 2Cr + 1
214. Answer (1)
RANDOM alphabetical order ADMNOR
A or D or M or
N or O
Number of words beginning with A,D,M,N,O = 5 × 5! = 600

Number of word beginning with RAD = 3! = 6
Number of word beginning with RAM = 3! = 6
Number of word beginning with RANDM = 1
The word after RANDMO, RANDOM = 1
Rank of RANDOM = 600 + 6 + 6 + 1 + 1 = 614

4!
Words starting with A = = 12
2!
Words starting with L = 4! = 24
4!
Words starting with M = = 12
2!
3!
Words starting with SA = =3
2!
Words starting with SL = 3! = 6
Next words is SMALL
∴ Rank = 12 + 24 + 12 + 3 + 6 + 1 = 58
215. Answer (1)

Selection of any two horizontal and two vertical lines will give one rectangle. Hence Required number of
rectangles = 7C2. 5C2
216. Answer (4)
Maximum number of straight lines drawn from 25 point if no three points are collinear = 25C
2
From 6 collinear points we will get only one line.
∴ Required Number of straight line = 25C – 6C2 + 1
2
217. Answer (1)
There are only two vowels A and I in the word ‘SACHIN’.
In half of the arrangement A will occur before I and in half of arrangement I will occur before A.
6!
∴ Required Number = = 360
2!
218. Answer (3)

Required number of ways = 10–1C
4–1
= 9C
3
9!
= 3! 6!
= 84
219. Answer (4)
22C + 22C + 2{22C + 22C16} + 22C16 + 22C15
18 17 17
= 23C18 + 23C17 + 23C17 + 23C16
= 24C18 + 24C17
= 25C18 = 25C7
220. Answer (4)
n n
1

1
Sn = 
r =0
n
Cr
=
r =0
n
Cn – r
n
1
= 
r =0
n
Cn – r
n
n n–r r 

n
∴ n Sn = n =   n
+ n 
r =0 Cn – r r =0 Cn–r C n–r 
n n
n–r r
= 
r =0
n
Cn – r
+ 
r =0
n
Cr
⇒ nSn = tn + tn
tn n
⇒ S =
n 2
221. Answer (2)
The number of triangles that can be formed by using the vertices of a regular polygon = nC3
i.e Tn + 1 =n+1C and Tn = nC3
3
∴ n + 1C – nC = 21
3 3
⇒n=7

n +1
C3 − nC3 = 10
⇒ n
C2 = 10
⇒ n=5
222. Answer (2)

Number of ways = 10.9.8 .....1 = 10!
For first man/first woman = 10 options
For second man/second woman = 9 options
For last man/last woman = one option
3 red balls 9 distinct

blue balls
Urn A Urn B
Two balls from urn A and two balls from urn B can be selected in 3C2 × 9C2 ways = 3 × 36 = 108
223. Answer (2)

Since 4 does not occur in 1000, we have to count the no. of times 4 occur when we list the integers from
1 to 999. Any number between 1 and 999 is of the form xyz where 0 ≤ x, y, z. ≤ 9
4 can occur at one place in 3C1 ways
∴ there are 3 × 9 × 9 = 243 number
4 can occur in exactly two places in 3 × 9 = 27 numbers
4 can occur in all three digits in one number
Hence, the number of times 4 occurs = 243 × 1 + 27 × 2 + 1 × 3 = 300
224. Answer (3)
Each bulb may be on or off i.e. bulb may be on or off in 2 ways.
The number of ways to illuminate the hall = 2 × 2 × ...15 times – 1 = 215– 1 (to illuminate the bulb atleast
one bulb must be on)
225. Answer (4)
The matrix will be of the order 4 × 1 or 1 × 4 or 2 × 2
The number of different matrices = The number of ways to fill four places by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
(5 × 5 × 5 × 5) = 54
Required number = 3 × 54
226. Answer (2)
240 = 24 × 31 × 51
Number of divisor of the form 2(2n + 1)
=1×2×2=4
( 3 or 5 will be selected or not selected by 2 × 2 ways)
227. Answer (3)
Clearly 7r (r = 1.2, 3, ...) ends in 7, 9, 3, or 1
[corresponding for r = 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively]
7m + 7n is divisible by 5 if it ends with ‘zero’. For 7m + 7n to end in zero, the form of m and n should be as
follows
S. No. m n
1 4r 4s + 2
2 4r + 1 4s + 3
3 4r + 2 4s
4 4r + 3 4s + 1
Thus for a given values of m, there are just 25 values of n for which 7m + 7n ends in zero
(Ex. if m = 4r, then n = 2, 6, 10 ...98)
∴ there are 100 × 25 = 2500 ordered pair.
228. Answer (3)
The total no. of triangles, including the triangles formed by collinear points on AB, BC and CA is = 12C = 220
3
This includes the number of triangles formed by 3 points on AB ie 3C3 = 1, 4 point on BC = 4C3 = 4 and 5
points on BC = 5C3 = 10
Hence Required number of triangle = 220 – 1 – 4 – 10 = 205
229. Answer (3)
No. of ways to select two integers = 10C = 45
2
Number of 4 digit numbers
= 45(24 – 2) = 630 integers among these there are integers starting with 0
This number is 9C1(23 – 1) = 63
Desired number = 630 – 63 = 567
230. Answer (1)
6!
= 60
3! 2!
231. Answer (2)

Out of 8 step he has to select 4 horizontal and 4 vertical.
∴ Required no = 8C4 × 4C4
8!
= 4! 4!
232. Answer (3)
6! 5!
− 2 × + 4!
2! 2! 2!
180 – 120 + 24 = 84
233. Answer (4)
If two A are in 2nd row
No. of ways = 1 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 60
If two A are in 3rd row
No. of ways = 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120
If two A are in 4th row
No. of ways = 2 × 3 × 6 × 5 = 180
If two A are in 5th row
Number of ways = 2 × 3 × 4 × 10 = 240
Total number of ways = 600
234. Answer (2)
It can be formed by [4, 0, 0, 0]
[3, 1, 0 0], [2, 2, 0, 0], [2, 1, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1]
So total number of such numbers
=1+6+3+9+1
= 20
235. Answer (1)
10100 = 21005100
Divisor at 10100 to be divisible by 290590,
Divisions, should be of form 2m.5n, 90 ≤ m ≤ 100, 90 ≤ n ≤ 100
Total no. of ways = 11 × 11 = 121
236. Answer (2)
Total number of ways = 324
237. Answer (4)
To get intersection point two point should be
selected on x-axis and two point on y-axis,
which will make one cross
∴ Number of ways
= 6C2 × 8C2
238. Answer (2)
Exponent of 2 is 100!
 100   100   100   100   100   100 

=  + + + + + 
 2   4   8   16   32   64 
= 50 + 25 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 1
= 97
239. Answer (4)
Square of 1 × 1 = 6 × 5 + 4 = 34
Square of 2 × 2 = 5 × 4 + 2 = 22
Square of 3 × 3 = 4 × 3 = 12
Square of 4 × 4 = 3 × 2 = 06
Square of 5 × 5 = 2 × 1 = 02
= 76
240. Answer (4)
1+1+1+1+2+3=9
or 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2
6! 6!
Required number = + = 30 + 20 = 50
4! 3! 3!
241. Answer (2)

Let S1 and S2 refuse to be together and S3 and S4 want to be together only.
Total ways when S3 and S4 are selected = 8C2 + 2C1. 8C1 = 44
Total ways when S3 and S4 are not selected = 8C4 + 2C1. 8C3 = 182
∴ Total ways = 182 + 44 = 226
242. Answer (3)
log2
( )
logn 2231 = 3 × 7 × 1 ×
log n
∴ Total possible values are '8'.

n = 2, 23, 27, 211, 23 × 7, 23 × 11, 27 × 11, 23 × 7 × 11
243. Answer (3)
n – 1C
( n − 1)( n − 2)
After selecting x2020 we remain with 2 ways = ways
2
244. Answer (3)
 1000 
n ( A2 ) =   = 500
 2 
 1000 
n ( A3 ) =   = 333
 3 
 1000 
n ( A5 ) =   = 200
 5 
n(A2 ∩ A3) = 166; n(A3 ∩ A5) = 66
n(A2 ∩ A5) = 100; n(A2 ∩ A3 ∩ A5) = 33
∴ n(A2 ∪ A3 ∪ A5) = 500 + 333 + 200 – 166 – 66 – 100 + 33 = 734
245. Answer (4)
26 cards can be chosen out of 52 cards in 52C26 ways. These are two ways in which each card can be dealt,
because a card can be either from the first pack or from the second. Hence, the total number of ways is 52C26
× 226.
246. Answer (3)
Selection of 3 IIT students be done in 6C3 ways
Also, arrangement, be done in 2 × 3 × 4
∴ Total ways 6 C3 × 2 × 3 × 4
247. Answer (4)
n = dividing 17 identical things in two groups
17 + 1
n= =9
2
There is no effect if two diamonds are different as necklace can be flipped over
∴ m=n=9
∴ m + n = 18
248. Answer (2)
Total ways are 10C – 8C4
6
249. Answer (1)

(x + a)n = nC0xn + nC1xn–1 a + nC2xn–2a2 + ...+ nCnx0an
= (nC0xn + nC2xn–2 a2 + nC4 xn–4 a4 + ...) + (nC1xn–1a + nC3xn–3 a3 + ...)
=A+B ...(i)
Similarly, (x – a)n = A – B ...(ii)
on multiplying (i) & (ii)
(x + a)n (x – a)n = A2 – B2
⇒ (x2 – a2)n = A2 – B2
(x + ) ( )
5 5
x3 − 1 + x − x3 − 1
= 2  5C0 x 5 + 5C2 x 3 ( x 3 − 1) + 5C4 x ( x 3 − 1)2 

 
= 2 x 5 + 10( x 6 − x 3 ) + 5 x ( x 6 − 2 x 3 + 1)
 
= 2 x 5 + 10 x 6 − 10 x 3 + 5 x 7 − 10 x 4 + 5 x
 
= 2 5 x 7 + 10 x 6 + x 5 − 10 x 4 − 10 x 3 + 5 x
 
Sum of odd degree terms coefficients
= 2(5 + 1 – 10 + 5)
=2
250. Answer (3)

(1 + x + x2 + x3)n = (1 + x)n (1 + x2)n
Coefficient of x5 = (coefficient of x in (1 + x)n). (coefficient of x4 in (1 + x2)n)
+ (coefficient of x3 in (1 + x)n) . (coefficient of x2 in (1 + x2)n
+ (coefficient of x5 in (1 + x)n) .(coefficient of x0 in (1 + x2)n
= nC1 . nC2 + nC3 . nC1 + nC5 . nC0
= nC1 . n+1C
3 + nC5
We have, (1− x − x 2 + x 3 )6 = (1− x )6 (1− x 2 )6
Coefficient of x7 in
(1− x − x )
6
2
+ x3 = 6C1. 6C3 − 6C3 . 6C2 + 6C5 . 6C1
= 6 × 20 − 20 ×15 + 6 × 6
= –144
251. Answer (1)

Coefficient of x32 in (1 + x2)12 (1 + x12 + x24 + x36)
= Coefficient of x32 in (1 + x2)12
+ Coefficient of x32 in x12(1 + x2)12
+ Coefficient of x32 in x24 (1 + x2)12
=0+ 12C + 12C
10 4
252. Answer (3)
(1 + 3x + 3x2 + x3)15 = ((1 + x)3)15 = (1 + x)45
Coefficient x12 = 45C
12
253. Answer (1)
15
Coefficient of x0 in (1 + x)12 1 + 1 
 x
Coefficient of x0 in (1 + x)12 (1 + x)15 . x–15
= Coefficient of x15 in (1 + x)27
= 27 C = 27C
15 12
254. Answer (3)
8
 1
Coefficient of x–1 in (1+ 3x2 + x4) 1 + 
 x
8 8
 1  1
8  1
= Coefficient of x–1 in 1 +  + Coefficient of x–1 in 3 x 2 1 +  + Coefficient of x–1 in x4 1 + x 
 x  x  
= 8C7 + 8C3 + 3· 8C5 = 232
255. Answer (4)
Coefficient of xr in the expansion of (1 – x)2n –1 = 2n – 1C
r (–1)r
According to the question,
ar = 2n–1C (–1)r
r
ar–1 = 2n–1Cr–1 (–1)r–1
a2n–r = 2n–1C2n – r (–1)2n–r
Now, ar–1 + a2n–r = 2n–1Cr–1 [(–1)r–1 + (–1)r]
= 0 as 2n – 1Cr – 1 = 2n – 1C2n – r

18
 1/3 1 
 x + 2 x 1/3 
r 18 − 2 r
 1
Tr +1 = 18Cr   x 3
 2
For coefficient x −2  r = 12
For coefficient x −4  r = 15
12
18  1
C12  
m  2
⇒ = 15
= 182
n 18  1
C15  
 2
256. Answer (2)
 16 
Here n = 16 which is even, So,  + 1 th i.e. 9th term is middle term
 2 
8
16C  1  1
t9 = 8 (x)16–8  –  = 16C8 8
 2x  2
257. Answer (3)

Here n = 7
7 +1 7+3
∴ th and th i.e. 4th and 5th terms will be the two middle terms
2 2
7
 2 1
Now, 4th term in the expansion of  2 x – 
 x
3
 – 1
= 7C (2x2)7–3   = – 560x5
3
 x 
7
 2 1
and 5th term in the expansion of  2 x – 
 x
4
 1
= 7C (2x2)7–4 –  = 280x2
4
 x
258. Answer (2)
(1 – 2x + x2)n = (1 – x)2n
 2n 
as 2n is even so  + 1 th term i.e. (n + 1)th term is middle term
 2 
∴ Coefficient in tn+1 = (–1)n 2nC
n
259. Answer (4)

Given coefficient of t2r+1 = Coefficient of tr + 2 ⇒ 43C = 43C
2r r +1
⇒ 2r + r + 1 = 43
⇒ r = 14
260. Answer (2)
p(x) = 62n – 35n – 1
= (36)n – 35n – 1
= (35 + 1)n – 35n – 1
= nC035n + nC135n–1 + nC2 35n–2 + ...+ nCn–1 35 + nCn – 35n – 1
= nC0 35n + nC1 35n–1 + nC2 35n–2 + ...+ nCn–2 352
= 352[nC0 35n–2 + nC1 35n–3 + nC2 35n–4 + ...+ nCn–2]
= 1225 [nC035n–2 + nC135n–3 + ...+ nCn–2]
Clearly, 62n – 35n – 1 is divisible by 1225 for all positive integer n
261. Answer (3)

S = nC1 + 2.nC2 + 3.nC3 + ...+ n. nCn
tr = r nCr
n n n n
S = 
r =1
tr = 
r =1
r nCr = 
r =1
n n –1
C r –1 = n 
r =1
n –1
Cr –1 = n.2n–1
262. Answer (1)

S = C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 + ...+(n + 1) Cn
tr = (r + 1) Cr
n n
S = 
r =0
tr =  (r + 1) C
r =0
r
= r C
r =0
r + Cr
n n
= 
r =0
n. n –1
C r –1 + C
r =0
r
= n.2n–1 + 2n
= 2n–1 ( n + 2)
1
21
C1 + 21C2 + ... + 21C10 =
2
{ 21
}
C0 + 21C1 + ... + 21C21 − 1 = 220 – 1
( 10
C1 + 10C2 + ... + 10C10 = 210 − 1 )
∴ Required sum = (220 – 1) – (210 – 1) = 220 – 210
263. Answer (3)

C1 – 2C2 + 3C3 – 4C4 + ... + (– 1)n–1. nCn
tr = (– 1)r–1. rn Cr
t r =  (– 1) r –1
.r n
Cr
r =1
n
=n  (– 1)
r =1
r –1 n –1
. C r –1
= n (n–1C0 – n–1C
1 + n–1C
2 – n–1C
3 + ...) = 0
264. Answer (2)
(1 + x + x2)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ... + a2nx2n
Put x = – 1
(1 – 1 + 1)n = a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ... + a2n
⇒ 1 = a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ...+ a2n
265. Answer (3)
Given, ( 2+3 ) 1 / 5 10
10 – r + 1 r –1
tr = rth term = 10C
r–1 (2) 2 (3 ) 5
for tr to be rational 10 – r + 1 should be divisible by 2 and r – 1 should be divisible by 5

for 10 – r + 1 to be divisible by 2, r = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 for r – 1 to be divisible by 5, r = 1, 6, 11
Clearly for r = 1 and 11, terms are rational
∴ Sum of rational terms = 10C 25 + 10C 32 = 25 + 9 = 41
0 10
266. Answer (4)
Number of terms in expansion of (x1 + x2 + x3 + x4)51
= Number of integral solution of α1 + α2 + α3 + α4 = 51
= 51 + 4 – 1C = 54C = 54C
4–1 3 51
267. Answer (3)
n
Cr –1
tr = (– 1)r–1
r
n +1 n
C r –1
Now, C0 –
C1 C 2
2
+
3
Cn
... + (– 1)n n + 1 =  (– 1)
r =1
r –1
r
n +1 n +1
Cr
=  (– 1)
r =1
r –1
n +1
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C1 – n +1
C2 + n +1
C3 ... + (– 1)
n n +1
]
Cn + 1 =
1
n +1
268. Answer (1)
n n n +1
C 2 r –1 C 2r – 1 C 2r
tr = =
2r (2r – 1) + 1 = n +1
n n n +1
C2r
Now,
C1 C3 C5
2
+
4
+
6
+ ... = 
r =1
tr = 
r =1
n +1
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C2 + n +1
C4 + n +1
C6 + ... ]
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C0 + n +1
C2 + n + 1 C 4 + ... – n +1
C0 ]
1
= n +1 2 [
n + 1 –1
–1 =
2n – 1
n +1
]
269. Answer (3)
General term in the expansion of (1 – x)–n
= tr + 1 = n (n+ 1) (n + 2 ) ... (n + r – 1) x r
r!
–5
tr + 1 in the expansion of (1 – 2 x ) 2
5 5  5  5 
   + 1  + 2  … + r – 1
2 2  2  2 
= (2x )r
r!
5.7.9...(3 + 2r ) 15015 6
= .2 r . x r = x
2 r!r 16
15015
Coefficient of x6 in (1 – 2 x )– 5 / 2 =
16
270. Answer (1)
Sn =  ( −1) ( r + 1) . C
r = 0
r 2 n
r
=  ( −1) ( r
r = 0
r 2
+ 2r + 1) nCr
n n n
= 
r = 0
( −1)r . r 2 . nCr + 
r = 0
( −1)r .2r . nCr +  ( −1) . C
r = 0
r n
r =0
271. Answer (2)

We have
( x n )n
(1 + x + x2 + ... + xn)n = a0 + a1x + ... + an n
Differentiating and putting x = 1, we get
n(1 + x + x2 + ... + xn)n – 1 (1 + 2x + 3x2 + ... + n x n –1) = a1x + 2a2x + ...
⇒ a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 +...
= n(1 + 1 + 1 + ... + 1n)n – 1 . (1 + 2 + ... + n)
n −1  n ( n + 1)  n 2
= n ( n + 1) .
 = ( n + 1)n
2  2
272. Answer (3)
We have
n
 r . C p .q
r =0
2 n
r
r n −r
=  r.r . C . p q
r =0
n
r
r n−r
= n r .
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 . p r q n − r
n
= n  (r − 1 + 1)
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 . p r . q n − r
n n
= n 
r =0
r − 1 . n −1Cr −1 . p r . q n − r + n 
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 p r . q n − r
n n
= n ( n − 1) p
2

r =0
n −2
Cr − 2 p r − 2 q n − r + np  r =0
n −1 (
Cr −1 p r −1 . q n −1− r −1
)
n(n – 1) p2 + np
n2p2 – np2 + np
n2p2 + np (1 – p)
n2p2 + npq.
273. Answer (2)
(1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2+ ...+ Cnxn ...(i)
(1 + x)n = C0xn + C1xn–1 + C2xn–2 + ...+ Cn ...(ii)
on multiplying (i) & (ii)
(1 + x)2n = (C0 + C1x + C2x2 + ...+ Cnxn). (C0xn + C1xn–1 + C2xn–2 + ...+ Cn)
Now equating coefficient of xn–1 from both side we get, 2nC
n–1 = C0.C1 + C1 . C2 + C2 . C3 + ... + Cn–1 Cn
274. Answer (2)
We have
1 1 1
+ + + ...
n ! 2! (n – 2 )! 4 ! (n – 4 )!
1 n ! n! n! 
= n !  n ! + 2 ! (n – 2)! + 4! (n – 4) ! + ...
 
1
= n! [C
n
0 + nC2 + nC 4 + ... = ] 1 n –1 2n –1
n!
2 =
n!
275. Answer (2)

On comparing the given series with
n (n – 1 ) 2
1 + nx + x + ...
2!
1
We get nx =
9
n (n – 1) 2 4
and x =
2 162
1 1
on solving, n = – and x = –
3 3
1 1 1
– –
 1 3 2 3 3 3
∴ sum of series = 1 –  =   =  
 3 3 2
276. Answer (1)

(1 + x + 2x2)6 = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ... + a12x12
Put x = 1
(4)6 = a0 + a1 + a2 + ...a12 ...(i)
Put x = – 1
26 = a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ... + a12 ...(ii)
Put x = 0
a0 = 1 ...(iii)
(i) + (ii)
46 + 26 = 2(a0 + a2 + a4 + ...+ a12)
212 + 26
⇒ = a0 + a2 + a4 + ...+ a12
2
⇒ 211 + 25 – a0 = a2 + a4 + ... + a12
⇒ 211 + 25 – 1 = a2 + a4 + ... + a12
277. Answer (2)
10 – r + 1 r –1 11 – r
x  – 2  1
tr = 10C    2 = 10C   (– 2)r–1 x13–3r
r–1
3 x  r–1
3
Now, 13 – 3r = 4
⇒r=3
278. Answer (2)
It is given, coefficient of x7 = Coefficient of x8
7 8
 1  1
nC 2n–7   = nC8 2n–8  
7 3
  3
⇒ 6 (C )=
n
7
nC
8
⇒ 48 = n – 7
⇒ n = 55

(1 + ax + bx2) (1 – 2x)18
(1 + ax + bx2)[18C0 – 18C (2x)
1 + 18C (2x)2
2 – 18C (2x)3
3 + 18C (2x)4
4 – .......]
Coeff. of x3 = –18C3.8 +a× 4.18C2 – 2b × 18 = 0
18 × 17 × 16 4a + 18 × 17
= − .8 + − 36b = 0
6 2
= –51 × 16 × 8 + a × 36 × 17 – 36b = 0
= –34 × 16 + 51a – 3b = 0
= 51a – 3b = 34 × 16 = 544
= 51a – 3b = 544 ... (i)
Only option number (2) satisfies the equation number (i).
279. Answer (3)
n
C r –1
tr = 3 r .
r
n +1 n
C r –1
Now, 3C0 + 32
C1
2
C
3
C
+ 3 3 2 + ... + 3 n + 1 n =
n +1

r =1
3r
r
n +1 n +1 n +1
Cr
3
r =1
r
n +1 =
1
n + 1 r =1
3r  n +1
Cr
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C1 3 + n +1
C 2 3 2 + ... + n +1
Cn + 13 n + 1 ]
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C0 + n +1
C1 3 + n +1
C2 3 2 + ... + n +1
Cn + 13 n + 1 – n +1
C0 ]
1
[
= n + 1 (1 + 3 )
n +1
–1 =
4n + 1 – 1
n +1
]
280. Answer (2)
nC + nC1(ax)1 + nC2(ax)2 + ...... = 1 + 8x + 24x2 + ...... comparing coeff. of x0, x1, x2
0
nC =1⇒1=1
0
8
nC a
1 = 8 ⇒ na = 8 ⇒ n =
a
n n(n − 1) 2
C2 a2 = 24  a = 24
2
 8 2  8  
⇒   −    a 2 = 48
 a   a  
64 – 8a = 48
a=2
∴ n=4
a−n 2−4 1
= =−
a+n 2+4 3
281. Answer (4)
Expression
−5 −10
 1   1
= (1 + x 2 )40  x 2 + 2 + 2  = (1 + x 2 )40  x + 
 x   x
= (1 + x 2)30x10
The coefficient of x20 in x10(1 + x2)30
= the coefficient of x10 in (1 + x2)30
= 30C
5
282. Answer (4)
10
 ( x1/3 )3 + 23 1− 4x 
Expression =  2/3 1/3
− 1/2 1/2 
 x − 2x + 4 x (1 − 2 x ) 
10
 ( x1/3 + 2)( x 2/3 − 2 x1/3 + 4) (1– 2x1/2 )(1 + 2 x1/2 ) 
= − 
 ( x 2/3 − 2 x1/3 + 4) x1/2 (1– 2 x1/2 ) 
= (x1/3 – x–1/2)10
Tr + 1 = 10Cr(x1/3)10 – r.(–1)r.(x–1/2)r
10 − r r 20 −5 r
−
= 10Cr ( x ) 3 2 ( −1)r = 10Cr ( −1)r ( x ) 6
20 − 5r
thus, =0
6
5r = 20
r=4
Hence coefficient = 10C (–1)4 = 210
r

Given expression can be written as
10
 1/3  x 1/2 + 1  
( ) { }
10
 x + 1 −  1/2   = x 1/3 − x −1/2
  x  
( ) ( )
10 − r r
General term = 10
Cr ⋅ x1/3 ⋅ x −1/2
From question,
10 r r
− − =0
3 3 2
⇒ r=4
i.e., constant term = 10C4 = 210
283. Answer (1)

Let the 3 consecutive terms be rth, (r + 1)th, (r + 2)th terms. Their coefficient in the expansion of (1 + x)n are
nC n n
r – 1, Cr and Cr + 1.
∴ nC : nCr : nCr + 1 = 1 : 7 : 42
r–1
1  Cr n − r + 1
n n
Cr −1 1 r
Now, n
=  = n = 
Cr 7 n − r + 1 7  Cr −1 r 
n – 8r + 1 = 0 ...(i)
n
Cr 7 r +1 1  n Cr +1 n − r 
And, =  =  n = 
n
Cr +1 42 n−r 6  Cr r + 1 
n – 7r – 6 = 0 ...(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii), we get
r = 7 and n = 55
284. Answer (1)
6n – 5n = (1 + 5)n – 5n
= [nC0 + nC1 × 5 + nC252 + nC353 + ..... + nCn(5)n]–5n
6n – 5n – 1 = 52(nC2 + nC3S + nC4S2 ...... nCn5n – 2]
= 25 × integer
∴ 6n – 5n leaves the remainder 1 when divided by 25.
285. Answer (2)
Coefficient of x28 in (1 + x3 – x6)30
30! n n
Tr = (1)n1 ( x 3 ) 2 ( − x 6 ) 3
n1 ! n2 ! n3 !
n1 + n2 + n3 = 30
3n2 + 6n3 = 28
No value of n1, n2 and n3 satisfy these equations so, coefficient is zero.
286. Answer (2)
n n
n 
 (2r + 1) C =  (2r
r =0
n
r
r =0
n
Cr + nCr )
n
 Cr = r

n −1
Cr −1 

n n
=  2r
r =0
n
Cr + 
r =0
n
Cr
n n
n
=2 r. r
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 + 
r =0
n
Cr
= 2n.2n – 1 + 2n
= (n + 1)2n
287. Answer (3)
Let tr + 1 be first negative term.
 7   7  7  7 
 2   2 − 1 2 − 2  .....  2 − r + 1
Tr +1 =       xr
r!
7
∴ − r +1< 0
2
9
<r
2
r≥5
∴ 6th term will be first negative term.
∴ r=5
 7  5  3   1  1 
 2  2  2   2  − 2 
T6 =        x5
5!
−7 5
= x
256
288. Answer (1)
We have,
2
 1− x  (1 − x )2
 1+ x  = = (1 − x )2 (1 + x )−2
  (1 + x )2
 ( −2)( −2 − 1) 2 ( −2)( −3)( −4) 3 ( −2)( −3)( −4)( −5) 4 

= (1 − 2 x + x 2 ) 1 + ( −2) x + x + x + x + ....
 2! 3! 4! 
= (1 – 2x + x2)(1 – 2x + 3x 2 – 4x 3 + 5x4 ......)
2
 1− x 
∴ Coeff. of x4 in  
 1+ x 
= 1 × 5 – 2 × (–4) + 1 × 3
=5+8+3
= 16
289. Answer (3)
We know,
bi = b i r i – 1 for i ≥ 1
∴ Given expression
= nC1b1 + nC2b2 + nC3b3 + ...... + nCnbn
= b1[nC1 + nC2r + nC3r2 ...... + nCnr n – 1]
b1 n
= [ C1r + nC2 r 2 + nC3 r 3 ..... nCn r n ]
r
b1
= [(1 + r )n − 1]
r
290. Answer (4)
599 = 5.598 = 5.(25)49
= 5(26 – 1)49
= 5[49C0(26)49 – 49C (26)48
1 + ..... + 49C (26)1
48 – 49C (26)0]
49
= 5[49C0(26)49 – 49C (26)48

1 + ..... + 49C
48 26 – 1]
= 5[49C0(26)49 – 49C (26)48
1 + ..... + 49C
48 26 – 13 + 60]
= 13(K) + 52 + 8 [where K is a positive integer]
= 13(K + 4) + 8
∴ Remainder is 8.
291. Answer (3)
2 × 1× 1
n = 2, L.H.S. =
2
(
= C02 – 2C12 + 3C22 )
= 12 – 2.22 + 3 × 1 = – 4
n
and for n = 2, ( –1) 2 ( n + 2 ) = –2 ( 2 + 2 ) = –4
292. Answer (1)
 2n.3n   63 m 
∴ = 
 215   215 
 216m   (1 + 215 )m 
= = 
 215   215 
 1 + mC 0 .215 + mC1 .215 2 + ... + mC m 215 m 

= 
 215 
 1   1  1
= + an integer  =  =
 215   215  215
293. Answer (2)

(1 + x)4(1 – x3)5(1 – x4)7
General term for (1 + x)4 is 4Crxr
General term for (1 – x3)5 is 5Cp(–x3)p
General term for (1 – x5)7 is 7Cq(–x5)q
for x12, r + 3p + 5q = 12
∴ 0≤r≤4
0≤p≤5
0≤q≤7
Case-1 :
r=0 p=4 q=0
r=1 p=2 q=1
r=2 p=0 q=2
r=3 p=3 q=0
r=4 p=1 q=1
Co-efficient of x12
4C × 5C 4 (–1)4 × 7C 0(–1) 0 + 4C 1 5 C2 (–1)2. 7C 1(–1) 1 + 4C 2 5C 0 7C 2 + 4C 3 5C 3(–1) 7C 0 + 4C 4 5C 1(–1) 7C 1
0
(–1)
= 5 + 4 × 10 × 7(–1) + 6 × 21 – 4 × + 5 × 7
= 5 – 280 + 126 – 40 + 35
= –154
294. Answer (4)

(x4 – x)[(1 + 2x – 3x3)6 + (3x4 – 1)7]
Co-efficient of x0 in (1 + 2x – 3x3)6 = 1
=1
Co-efficient of x3 in (1 + 2x – 3x3)6
6!
(
(1) p ( 2x ) q −3 x 3 )
r
=
p!q ! r !
q + 3r = 3 and p + q + r = 6
(1) r = 1 q=0 p=5
(2) r = 0 q=3 p=3
=
6! ( −3)
+
( ) = 142
6! 23
5! 3! 3!
Co-efficient of x3 in (3x4 – 1)7 is zero

So, co-efficient of x4 in (x4 – x)[(1 + 2x – 3x3)6 + (3x4 – 1)7] is
= 1(1 – 1) – [142 + 0]
= –142
295. Answer (3)
(1 + x)27 = 23C
0 + 27C x
1 + 27C x2
2 + ... + 27C x27
27
put x = 1
227 = 2[27C0 + 27C
1 + 27C
2 + ... 27C ]
13
⇒ 27C + 27C + 27C + ... + 27C = 226 – 1

1 2 3 13
and (1 + x)13 = 13C

0 + 13C x
1 + 13C x2
2 + ... + 13C x3
13
Put x = 1
213 – 1 = 13C
2 + 13C
2 + 13C
3 + ... + 13C
13
Now, value of
= (27C1 + 27C
2 + 27C
3 + ... + 27C )
13 – (13C1 + 13C
2 + 13C
3 + ... + 13C )
13
= (226 – 1) – (213 – 1)
= 226 – 213
= 213(213 – 1)
296. Answer (3)
For n = 7
(7C0 + 7C1)(7C1 + 7C2)(7C2 + 7C3)(7C3 + 7C4)(7C4 + 7C5)(7C5 + 7C6)(7C6 + 7C7) = λ(C0C1C2C3 ... C7)
 nC + nCr – 1 = n + 1C
r r
⇒ 8C × 8C2 × 8C3 × 8C4 × 8C5 × 8C6 × 8C7 = λ7C0 × 7C1 × 7C2 × 7C3 × 7C4 × 7C5 × 7C6 × 7C7
1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
⇒ λ= × × × × × ×
8 −1 8 − 2 8 −3 8 − 4 8 −5 8 − 6 8 − 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
⇒ λ= × × × × × ×
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
217
⇒ λ=
315
n +1
Cr n +1
 =
n
Cr ( + 1− r)
n
297. Answer (3)
100
 Cr .29 − r . (1 − x )
100 100 − r
Coefficient of x91 in
r =1
1 9
 Cr . ( 2 − 2 x )
100 100 − r
= Coefficient of x91 in
291 r = 1
1 100
 Cr . ( 2 − 2 x )
100 100 − r
291 r = 1
1 
= Coefficient of x91 in ( 3 − 2x )100 − ( 2 − 2x )100 
291 
1  100
− C91. 39. ( 2) + C91. 29. ( 2) 
91 100 91
=
291  
= 100C [29 – 39]

91
298. Answer (1)
30 30
Cr + Cr + 1 31
 30
=
Cr r +1
So, we have to find coefficient of x24 in
 31  x 31  x 31  x 31

 x − 1   2 − 2   2 − 3  .  30 − 30 
( x − 31) 30
30!
C24 . ( 31)
30 6
=
30!
299. Answer (4)
 (x + 1)100 = C0x100 + C1x99 + C2x98 + C3x97 + ... ...(i)
 (1 – x)100. x = C0x – C1x2 + C2x3 – C3x4 ...
On differentiating w.r.t x
–100x(1 – x)99 + (1 – x)100 = C0 – 2. C1x + 3. C2x2 – 4C3x3 + ... ...(ii)
Comparing the coefficient of x100 in the product of (i) and (ii)
1C02 – 2.C12 + 3.C22 – ... = Coefficient of x100 in (1 – x2)100 – 100x(1 + x)(1 – x)99
= 100C50 + 10099C49
= 51. 100C
50
300. Answer (1)

Total number of terms
= 201 + 201 + 201 – (101) – (67) – (67) + (34)
= 402
301. Answer (1)
 1 1 1 1 0 0
   
If A =  – 1 0 1 , I = 0 1 0
 2 1 0 0 0 1
The characteristic equation of the matrix is given by |A – λl | = 0
1 – λ 1 1 
 
 – 1 – λ 1 
=0
 2 1 – λ 
⇒ (1 – λ) (λ2 –1) – 1 (λ – 2) + 1(– 1 + 2λ) = 0

⇒ (1 – λ) (λ2 – 1) – 1 (λ – 2) – 1 + 2λ = 0
⇒ λ2 – 1 – λ3 + λ – λ + 2 – 1 + 2λ = 0
⇒ – λ3 + 2λ + λ2 = 0
⇒ λ3 – λ2 – 2λ = 0
⇒ A3 – A2 – 2A = 0,
Replacing λ by A,
⇒ p = 1, q = – 1, r = – 2, s = 0
p
⇒ =–1
q
302. Answer (4)
(1) (AB + BA)′ = (AB)′ + (BA)′ = B′A′ + A′B′ = BA + AB
(2) (A + B)′ = A′ + B′ = A + B
(3) (A – B)′ = A′ – B′ = A – B
(4) (AB – BA)′ = (AB)′ – (BA)′ = B′A′ – A′B′ = BA – AB = – (AB – BA) hence AB – BA is skew symmetric matrix
303. Answer (3)
For commutative matrices this is standard result that (AB)n = AnBn
304. Answer (2)
a−b+c a+b−c a−b−c

b − c + a b + c − a b − c − a = k ( a 3 + b3 + c 3 − 3abc )
c −a+b c +a−b c −a−b
Put a = 1, b = –1, c = 0 ⇒ k = 4
305. Answer (2)
4λ 3 + 2 6λ 2 6λ + 1
On differentiating 2 3 1 = 4aλ 3 + 3bλ 2 + 2λc + d
5 0 2
Put λ = 0
2 0 1
2 3 1 =d ,
5 0 2
⇒ 3(4 – 5) = d, ⇒ d = –3
x − 4 2x 2x
Δ = 2x x − 4 2x
2x 2x x−4
x = –4 makes all three row identical

hence (x + 4)2 will be factor
Also, C1 → C1 + C2 + C2
5 x − 4 2x 2x
Δ = 5x − 4 x − 4 2x
5x − 4 2x x−4
⇒ 5x – 4 is a factor
Δ = λ (5 x − 4)( x + 4)2
∴ B = 5, A = –4
306. Answer (4)
 1 0 2
A = 0 2 1 ...(i)
 2 0 3 
A–1 = pA2 + qA + rI3

A . A–1 = pA3 + qA2 + rA
I = pA3 + qA2 + rA
On equating
1 7
p = − , q = 3, r = −
2 2
1 7
∴ p+q+r = − + 3 − = −1
2 2

A2 – 5A + 7I = 0
A – 5I = – 7A–1
1
A−1 = ( 5I − A)
7
So, 1st statement is true.
Now, A3 – 2A2 – 3A + I = A(A2) – 2A2 – 3A + I

= A(5A – 7I) – 2A2 – 3A + I
= 3A2 – 10A + I
= 3(5A – 7I) – 10A + I
= 5A – 20I
= 5(A – 4I)
So, 2nd statement is also true.
Hence both statements are correct.
307. Answer (1)

If matrix is an idempotent then A2 = A
⇒ |A2| = |A|
⇒ |A| (|A| – 1) = 0
⇒ |A| = 0, 1
308. Answer (2)
If A is an involutory matrix then A2 = I
⇒ then A is involutory matrix
⇒ |A|2 = | I |
⇒ |A|2 = 1
⇒ |A| = ± 1
309. Answer (4)
If A is an orthogonal matrix, then AA′ = I
⇒ |A| |A′| = 1
⇒ |A|2 = 1
⇒ |A| = ± 1,
Using (|A′| = |A|)
310. Answer (1)
| – ABC| = (– 1)3 |A| |B | |C |
= (– 1)3 × 2 × 3 × 4 = – 24
311. Answer (3)
Let the order of B is m × n
If AB is defined then number of columns of A = number of rows of B
⇒3=m
Similarly if BA is defined then n = 4
Hence the order of A is m × n = 3 × 4
312. Answer (1)
If A is symmetric then A = A′ ...(i)
If A is skew symmetric then A = – A′ ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii) equations
2A = 0
⇒A=0
⇒ A is null matrix
313. Answer (2)
AB = A ...(i)
BA = B ...(ii)
for involutory matrix or idempotent matrix we have to find A2.
A2 = (AB)A, by (i)
= A (BA), by associative law
= AB, by (ii)
= A, by (i)
⇒ A2 = A ...(iii)
again B2 = (BA)B, by (ii)
= B(AB), by associative law
= BA by (i)
= B by (ii)
⇒ B2 =B ...(iv)
by (iii) and (iv) A2 = A, B2 =B
Hence A and B are idempotent matrices.
314. Answer (1)
Trace of a matrix = sum of diagonal elements of matrix = 1 + 1 + 1 + ...n times = n
315. Answer (4)
A matrix which is upper and lower triangular matrix both must be of the following form
d1 0 0
 
 0 d2 0
 0 0 d 3 
As here no condition is given on d1, d2, d3 hence the matrix must be diagonal matrix.
316. Answer (2)
The addition of a matrix and its additive inverse is equal to the null matrix which is called the additive identity
317. Answer (3)
C21 = The sum of product of corresponding elements of R2 of A with C1 of B
= 1 × 1 + 0 × 0 + |x| = 2
318. Answer (4)
If AB = 0 ⇒ |AB| = 0 ⇒ |A| |B| = 0, then both the matrices must be singular.
If |A| ≠ 0, then A–1 exist, then AB = O
A–1AB = A–1O
B=O
319. Answer (2)
Let y = |M – I | = |M – MM′| = |M (I – M′)| = |M| | I – M′|
but |M| = 1
⇒ y = |I – M′| = |(I – M′)| [using |A| = |A′|]
⇒ y = |I′ – (M′)′| = |I – M| = |(–1) (M – I )|
y = (– 1)n |M – I|
⇒y=–y
⇒y=0
320. Answer (4)

The unit matrix cannot be nilpotent matrix
for idempotent : A2 = A ...(i)
for involutory : A2 =I ...(ii)
for orthogonal AA′ = I ...(iii)
for nilpotent Am =0 ...(iv) where m is a positive integer
Equations (i), (ii) and (iii) are satisfied if A = I, But at A = I, the equation (iv) is not satisfied.
321. Answer (1)
The trace of a skew symmetric matrix of odd order is zero. Also the determinant of odd ordered skew
symmetric matrix is zero.
Hence trace = determinant
322. Answer (3)
The sum of the products is zero.
If A is any determinants with elements represented by aij then a11A21 + a12 A22 + a13 A23 = 0
and a11 A31 + a12 A32 + a13 A33 = 0, similarly other equations can be written Aij = cofactor of aij
323. Answer (1)
d1 x y
Let A =  0 d 2 
z  ⇒ |A| = d1d2d3

 0 0 d 3 
 d1 0 0
B = x d 
0  ⇒ |B| = d1d2d3
 1 2
 x 2 x 3 d 3 
d1 0 0   |C | = d d d
C =  0 d2  1 2 3
 0   | A | = | B | = |C |
 0 0 d 3 
324. Answer (2)
As |A| = 2, |B| = 1
⇒ ||A|B| adj (AB)| = | 2 × 1 adj (AB)| = |2(adj B) (adj A)|
= 23 |adj B| |adj A|
= 23 |B|3–1 |A |3–1 = 23 × 12 × 22 = 32
325. Answer (1)
The determinant of the matrix made by the cofactors of A = |A|3–1 = 42 = 16
1 α 3
1 3 3
 
2 4 4 
|P| = 1(12 – 12) – α(4 – 6) + 3(4 – 6)
= 2α – 6
Also, |P| = |A|2 = 16
2α = 22
α = 11
326. Answer (2)
Number of the determinants = 2 × 3 × 4 = 24
327. Answer (3)
|A | = 1 (2 – 1) – 1 (– 2 + 1) + 2 (1 – 1)
= 1 – 1 (–1) + 0 = 1 + 1 = 2
C23
b32 = | A |
where C23 is the cofactor of a23 = – (– 1 – 1) = 2
2
b32 = =1
2
As (A–1)–1 = A
⇒ B–1 = C = A
⇒ C12 = a12 = 1
C12 . b32 = 1 × 1 = 1
328. Answer (2)
The characteristic equation is
2−λ 2 1
1 3−λ 1 =0
1 2 2−λ
⇒ λ3 – 7λ2 + 11λ – 5 = 0
⇒ A3 – 7A2 + 11A – 5I = 0
∴ A3 – 7A2 + 10A = 5I – A
329. Answer (3)
 a1, a2, a3, 5, 4, a6, ... are in H.P
1 1 1 1 1
∴ , , , , , ... are in A.P
a1 a2 a3 5 4
20 20
∴ a1 = 20, a2 = 10, a3 = , a6 = , ...
3 6
a1 a2 a3
∴ 5 4 a6 = a1 ( 4a9 − a8 a6 ) − a2 ( 5a9 − a7 a6 ) + a3(5a8 – 4a7)
a7 a8 a9
 20 20 20  20  20 20 20  + 20  5. 20 4. 20 
= 20  4. − . − 5. − .
 9 8 6  2  9 7 6  3  8 7 
50
=
21
330. Answer (4)
This is only possible if odd number of –1 are there
∴ Total number of matrices = (3C1 + 3C3)2 = 16
331. Answer (4)

Since |A| = 5
and adj(B) = adj(adj A) = |A|. A = 5A
adj B 5A
∴ = =1
C 5A
332. Answer (2)

If AB = AC
⇒B=C
⇒ This is possible in the following way
AB = AC
⇒ A–1(AB) = A–1(AC) if (|A| ≠ 0)
⇒ (A–1A)B = (A–1A)C, (by associative law)
⇒ IB = IC
⇒B=C
Hence B = C, is valid only if A–1 exists or A is non-singular
333. Answer (1)
1 2 3
Δ= 4 5 6 = 0, hence the equations never have unique solution.
7 8 9

The given system of linear equations can be put in the matrix form as
 1 2 1  x1  3 
2 3 1  x  = 3 
  2  
3 5 2  x3   1
 1 2 1   x1  3
 
~ 0 –1 –1  x2  =  –3 
 
0 –1 –1  x3   –8 
by R2 → R2 − 2R1
R3 → R3 − 3R1
 1 2 1  x1  3 
 
~ 0 1 1  x2  = 3 
  R3 → R3 − R2
0 0 0   x3  5 
Clearly the given system of equations has no solution.
Alter
Subtracting the addition of first two equations from third equation, we get,
0 = –5, which is an absurd result.
Hence the given system of equation has no solution.
333b. Answer (3) (AIEEE 2011)

For non-trivial solution of given system of linear equations
4 k 2
k 4 1 =0
2 2 1
⇒ 8 + k (2 − k ) + 2(2k − 8) = 0
⇒ − k 2 + 6k − 8 = 0
⇒ k 2 − 6k + 8 = 0
⇒ k = 2, 4
Clearly there exists two values of k.
333c. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2013]
k +1 8
=0
k k +3
⇒ k2 + 4k + 3 – 8k = 0
⇒ k = 1, 3
When k = 1, equation change to
2x + 8y = 4 ⇒ x + 4y = 2
and x + 4y = 2 ⇒ x + 4y = 2
⇒ Infinitely many solutions
When k = 3
4x + 8y = 12 ⇒ k + 2y = 3
8
and 3x + 6y = 8 and x + 2y =
3
⇒ No solution
∴ One value of k exists for which system of equation has no solution.
333d. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2015]
x1(2 − λ ) − 2 x2 + x3 = 0
2 x1 + x2 ( −λ − 3) + 2 x3 = 0
− x1 + 2 x2 − λx3 = 0
2−λ −2 1
2 −λ − 3 2 =0
−1 2 −λ
(2 − λ )(λ 2 + 3λ − 4) + 2( −2λ + 2) + (4 − λ − 3) = 0
2λ 2 + 6λ − 8 − λ 3 − 3λ 2 + 4λ − 4λ + 4 − λ + 1 = 0
⇒ −λ 3 − λ 2 + 5λ − 3 = 0
⇒ λ 3 + λ 2 − 5λ + 3 = 0
λ 3 − λ 2 + 2λ 2 − 2λ − 3λ + 3 = 0
λ 2 (λ − 1) + 2λ (λ − 1) − 3(λ − 1) = 0
(λ − 1)(λ 2 + 2λ − 3) = 0
(λ − 1)(λ + 3)(λ − 1) = 0
⇒ λ = 1, 1, − 3
Two elements.
333e. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2016]
1 λ −1
λ −1 −1 = 0
1 1 −λ
1(λ + 1) – λ(– λ2 +1) + 1(– λ –1) = 0
λ3 – λ + λ + 1 – λ – 1 = 0
λ3 – λ = 0
λ(λ2 – 1) = 0
λ = 0, λ = ±1
Exactly three values of λ
333f. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2017]
1 1 1
1 a 1=0
a b 1
⇒ –(1 – a)2 = 0
⇒ a=1
For a = 1
Eq. (1) & (2) are identical i.e.,x + y + z = 1
To have no solution with x + by + z = 0.
b=1
333g. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2018]

 System of equation has non-zero solution.
1 k 3
∴ 3 k –2 = 0
2 4 –3
⇒ 44 – 4k = 0
∴ k = 11
Let z = λ
∴ x + 11y = –3λ
and 3x + 11y = 2λ
5λ λ
∴ x= ,y =– ,z=λ
2 2
5λ
·λ
xz
∴ = 2 = 10
y2  λ
2
– 2
 
334. Answer (4)

As C and D are non-singular matrices hence their inverse exists.
⇒ D(I – CD) D–1
= DID–1 – D(CD)D–1
= I – DC (DD–1) by associative law
= I – DCI = I – DC
⇒ |D (I – CD)D–1| = |I – DC|
⇒ |D| |I – CD| |D–1| = |I – DC|
1
⇒ |D| |I – CD| | D | = I – DC
⇒ |I – CD| = |I – DC|
335. Answer (4)
Options (1), (2) and (3) are true
But 4th option is false because adj(AB) = (adj B) (adj A)
336. Answer (4)
As options (1), (2), (3) all are true, hence option (4) is false.
337. Answer (2)
a b c
Let Δ = b c a = – (a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc)
c a b
= – (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
= –
1
2
(
(a + b + c ) 2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 – 2ab – 2bc – 2ca )
= –
1
2
(
(a + b + c ) (a – b )2 + (b – c )2 + (c – a )2 )
if Δ = 0, then (a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2 = 0 because (a + b + c ≠ 0)
⇒a=b=c
338. Answer (2)

For commutativity the matrix must be scalar.
339. Answer (2)
Trace of 2A = 2 × trace of A = 2 × 5 = 10
340. Answer (3)
 1 −3 −4   1 −3 −4 
A =  −1 3 4   −1 3 4 
2
 1 −3 −4   1 −3 −4 
0 0 0 
∴ A2 = 0 0 0 
0 0 0 
∴ A is nilpotent matrix.
341. Answer (2)
Case-I: if x ≥ −2 the equation becomes
x2 – x – 2 + x > 0 ⇒ x ∈ ( −2, − 2) ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
Case-II: if x < –2 the equation becomes
x 2 + 2 x + 2 > 0  x ∈ ( −∞, −2)
∴ x ∈ ( −∞, − 2) ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
 m= 2
342. Answer (47)
1
Let m + = t  t (t 3 − 3) = 18 ⇒ t = 3
m
2
1  1
2

m4 + 4
=   m +  − 2 − 2 = (9 – 2)2 – 2 = 47
m  m 
343. Answer (16)
For G.P. αβ( α + β) = ( α + β)2 − 3αβ

⇒ k(4) = 16 – 3k ⇒ 7k = 16
344. Answer (3)
x3 – 8x2 + 20x – 13 = (x – 1)(x2 – 7x + 13)
∴ x = 2, 3 and 4 given quantity is prime
345. Answer (3)
Let roots be α – 1, α, α + 1
−p
⇒ 3α = –p ⇒ α = ⇒ p = –3α
3
q = α2 – α + α2 + α + α2 –1 = 3α2 – 1
p2
∴ =3
q +1
346. Answer (7)
f(0)⋅f(2) < 0
⇒ (m2 + 5) (m2 + 2m – 3) < 0
⇒ m ∈ ( −3,1) ∴ p + 10q = 07
347. Answer (1)
z +1 ω ω2 1 ω ω
1 =0  z + ω
3
ω z+ω 2
ω2
1 =0
ω2 1 z+ω ω2 1 ω
∴ z=0 1 solution
348. Answer (2)
|z1| = 12
|z2 – (3 + 4i)| = 5 |z1 – z2|min = 02
349. Answer (17)
x + iy + x 2 + 4 2 = 2 + 8i
 y = 8 & x + x 2 + 64 = 2 ⇒ x2 + 64 = 4 – 4x + x2
⇒ x = 15 ⇒ |z| = 17
350. Answer (21)
p3 – q3 = (p – q)(p2 + q2 + pq) = (p – q)((p – q)2 + 3pq)
∴ 7i (–49 + 3z) = 98i
3z – 49 = 14 ⇒ z = 21 ∴ x = 21 & y = 0
351. Answer (9)
Let roots be α, β, γ
2αγ
∴ β=  αβ + βγ + αγ = 3αγ
α+γ
−54 3(27) 3
 = β=−
10 β(10) 2
3 2
−3   −3  − 54  −3  − 27 = 0
∴ 10   − p    ⇒ p=9
 2   2   2 
352. Answer (0)
2b = 2 + c ...(1)
c = bd
2
...(2)
2c(18)
d= ...(3)
18 + c
c + 2   36c 
∴ c 2 =   
 2  18 + c 
⇒ 18c2 + c3 = 18c2 + 36c
⇒ c = 0, ±6
353. Answer (16)

Middle term in first three terms is –1
13r
−1(1 + r + r 2 ) =
12
⇒ 12r2 + 25r + 12 = 0
⇒ 12r2 + 16r + 9r + 12 = 0
⇒ 4r(3r + 4) + 3(3r + 4) = 0
4 −3
⇒ r =− or
3 4
a +4/3 16
∴ S∞ = = =
1 − r 1 + 3/4 21
354. Answer (25)
1 1
a1 = 5 = + 19d
20 a1
1 1 1 1
 = + 19d & = + (n − 1)d < 0
25 5 an 5
gives n = 25
355. Answer (3050)
 (div. by 2) +  (div. by 5) –  (div. by 10)
50 × 102 20 10
 + (105) − (110)
2 2 2
⇒ 5(510 + 210 – 110)
⇒ 5(610) = 3050
356. Answer (2)
2a a 3 b 4b 2 2a 43 b 4b 2
+ + ≥ 3 ⋅ ⋅
b3 3 9a 4 b 3 3 9a 2
2a a3 b 4b 2
∴ + + 4 ≥2
b3 3 9b
357. Answer (8)
m −5 + m −4 + 3m −3 + m 8 + m10 7
≥ 1
7
 m −5 + m −4 + 3m −3 + m 8 + m10 + 1 ≥ 8
358. Answer (30)

2⋅6C2 = 30
359. Answer (50)
10
C1 ⋅6 C2
= 50
3
360. Answer (60)
(6 − 1)!
= 60
2
361. Answer (45)
TRIPLE I, E, TRPL
Total number of selections of atleast one vowel and one consonant is
(22 – 1)(24 – 1) = 3 × 15 = 45
362. Answer (120)
N = 23.35.57.73
We can choose 20 & 22
3 0, 3 2, 3 4
5 0, 5 2, 5 4, 5 6
7°, 72, 74, 76, 78
Total number of divisors = 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120
363. Answer (12)
2 5 1 6b 15a
+ =  a= or b=
a b 3 b − 15 a−6
a, b ∈ N ⇒ minimum b = 16 and minimum a = 7

a = 7 ⇒ b = 105
a = 8 ⇒ b = 60
a = 9 ⇒ b = 45
a = 11 ⇒ b = 33
a = 12 ⇒ b = 30
a = 15 ⇒ b = 25
a = 16 ⇒ b = 24
a = 21 ⇒ b = 21
a = 24 ⇒ b = 20 Total 12 solution
a = 36 ⇒ b = 18
a = 51 ⇒ b = 17
a = 96 ⇒ b = 16
364. Answer (685)
15 < x + y + z ≤ 20
⇒ x + y + z = 16 or x + y + z = 17 or x + y + z = 18 .... x + y + z = 20
Total number of positive integral solution is
15
C2 + 16C2 + 17C2 + 18C2 + 19C2 = 685
365. Answer (630)
3M. 7W.
Let take any 3W out of 7 women it can be done 7C3 ways.
Now pairs of 3 M and 3W can be paired in 6 ways and 4W can be paired by 3 ways.
Total number of pairs = 7C3 × 6 × 3 = 35 × 18 = 630
366. Answer (0)

(1 – x5)n = nC0 – nC1x5 + nC2x10 – nC3x15 + .....
x3(1 – x5)n = nC0x3 – nC1x8 + nC2x13 – nC3x18 + .....
Differentiate w.r.t. x and put x = 1
3⋅nC0 – 8⋅nC1 – 13⋅nC2 – 18⋅nC3 + ..... = 0
367. Answer (990)
(1 + x + x2 + x3)11 = (1 + x)11 (1 + x2)11
= (11C0 + 11C1 x2 + 11C2 x4 + ....)(11C0 + 11C1 x + 11C2 x2 + 11C3 x3 + 11C4 x4 + ...]
Coefficient x4 = 11C4 + 11C1 ⋅ 11C2 + 11C2
= 330 + 11.55 + 55
= 330 + 660 = 990
368. Answer (13)
n
( x + y + z )n = 
α+β+γ= n α⋅ β⋅γ
x α ⋅ y β ⋅ zγ
put x = y = z = 1 and n = 10
n

α+β+γ=10 α⋅ β⋅γ
= 310  m n = 310 m + n = 13
369. Answer (6)

(1 + mx)n = 1 + 8x + 24x2 + ....
n(n − 1) 2 2
1 + nmx + m x + ... = 1 + 8 x + 24 x 2 + ...
2
m 2 n( n − 1)
mn = 8 and = 24
2
64  1
 1 −  = 24
2  n
n = 4 and m = 2 ⇒ m + n = 6
370. Answer (7)
5 5
 1
  1

 x + ( x 3 − 1) 2  +  x + ( x 3 − 1) 2  = C0x + C2x (x – 1) + C4x(x – 1)
5 5 5 3 3 5 3 2
= x5 + 10(x6 – x3) + 5(x7 – 2x4 + x)

Degree = 7
371. Answer (9)
1 x x2 x3 − 1 0 x − x4
Δ= x x2 1 = 3 Let D = 0 x − x 4 x3 − 1
x2 1 x x−x 4
x3 − 1 0
Each element in D is replaced by the cofactor of each element of Δ. So det(D) = (detΔ)2 = 9.
372. Answer (2)
2a −2 3
1 a 2 =0 ⇒ a3 – 2a – 4 = 0
2 0 a
⇒ (a – 2)(a2 + 2a + 2) = 0
⇒ a=2
373. Answer (2)
a b−c b+c
a+c b c −a
a−b a+b c
R2 → R2 – R1 and R3 → R3 – R1
a b−c b+c
c c −(a + b )
−b a + c −b
C2 → C2 – C1 and C2 → C3 – C2
a b−c −a 2c
2 2 2
c 0 −(a + b + c ) = (a + b + c)(a + b + c ) = 0
−b a + b + c −(a + b + c )
⇒ a+b+c=0
New ax + by + c = 0 ⇒ ax + by – a – b = 0  (c = –a – b
a(x – 1) + b(y – 1) = 0
It passes through (1, 1)
α+β=2
374. Answer (2)
b+c c +a a+b
a + b b + c c + a = 2(a + b + c )(a2 + b2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca)
c +a a+b b+c
a b c
c a b = ( a + b + c )( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − a b − b c − c a )
b c a
 k =2
375. Answer (2)
a b−y c−z x −y 0
a−x b c−z =0  0 y −z = 0 (by R1 → R1 − R2 & R2 → R2 − R3
a−x b−y c a−x b−y c
⇒ x(cy + bz – yz) + y(az – zx) = 0
⇒ xyc + zxb + yza = 2xyz
a b c
 + + =2
x y z
376. Answer (–11)
x 2 x
x 2
x 6 = x (6 x − 6 x ) − 2(6 x 2 − 6 x ) + x( x 3 − x 2 )
x x 6
= x4 – x3 – 12x2 + 12x
Now 5λ1 + 4λ2 + 3λ3 + 2λ4 + λ5 = 5 – 4 – 36 + 24 + 0 = –11
377. Answer (2)
 1 2 0 2 −1 5 
A + 2B =  6 −3 3  2A − B = 2 −1 6 
 
 −5 3 1 0 1 2 
On solving
 1 0 2 0 1 −1
A =  2 −1 3  B = 2 −1 0 
 
 −1 1 1 3 1 0 
tr(A) = 1 tr(B) = –1
tr(A) – tr(B) = 1 + 1 = 2
378. Answer (2)
|A| = 1 ⇒ |adjA| = 1
and |adj(adjA)| = 1
|adjA| + |adjadjA| = 1 + 1 = 2
379. Answer (2)
For solution be sides (0, 0, 0)
1 2 2 
1 3 4  = 0
  ⇒ m–2=0 ⇒ m=2
3 4 m 
380. Answer (0)
 1 2 2   1 2 2  9 8 8 
A = 2 1 2 2 1 2 = 8 9 8 
2
2 2 1 2 2 1 8 8 9 
4 8 8  5 0 0 
4 A = 8 4 8  5I = 0 5 0
 
8 8 4 0 0 5
0 0 0 
A2 − 4 A − 5I = 0 0 0 
0 0 0 
|A2 – 4A – 5I| = 0
  

SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A

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SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A

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Algebra UNIT 1

z–2 1 + cos θ + i sin θ – 2 cos θ – 1 + i sin θ

Now, (i)402 = (i)4 × 100 + 2 = i2 = – 1

7a. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2017]

⇒ ω12 + ω22 – ω1ω2 = 0

(ω1 + ω2)2 – 3ω1ω2 = 0

2+i 2+i 2+i 1 1

(x)2 + (y – 3)2 = (x)2 + (y + 3)2

14a. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2018]

15. Answer (1)

⇒ Clearly, ω lies on circle.

– 2 < |z1| – 2 < 2

19. Answer (2) Y

21. Answer (3)

21a. Answer (4) [JEE (Main)-2014]

22. Answer (4)

24. Answer (4)

From (i) & (ii)

Hence R   represents circle.

28. Answer (2)

Clearly, ‘z’ lies on circle.

29. Answer (3)

= 21008(ω)1008 + (ω2)1008 . 21008 [ω,ω2 are complex root of unity]

33. Answer (4)

= (1)2 + (– 1)2 + (i)2 + (– i)2

(as z is in 1st quadrant)

36a. Answer (2) [JEE (Main)-2016]

So, z0 = 3 + 3i A(2,1) 1 B(3,1)

37. Answer (4)

Using rotation formulas,

42. Answer (4)

Let α + β = x1 + iy1 and α − β = x2 + iy 2

= x12 + x22 + y12 + y 22

= |α+β| +|α −β|

43. Answer (1)

44. Answer (3)

Equating real and imaginary part x + 1 = x 2 + y 2

(–9, –1) (–3, –1)

Put in equation (ii), we get

55. Answer (4)

57. Answer (4)

As roots are equal,

Required quadratic equation is

61a. Answer (1) [JEE (Main)-2013]

62. Answer (2)

64. Answer (1)

65. Answer (4)

 tan 30° + tan 15° 

⇒ (y – 1)x 2 + 3(y + 1)x + 4(y – 1) = 0

⇒ 4(bf – ec)(ae – bd) = (cd – af )2

for roots to be of opposite sign

83. Answer (3)

85. Answer (1)

88. Answer (3)

89a. Answer (4) [JEE (Main)-2016]

⇒ (b2 + 1) = (b2 + 1)(1 – b)

90. Answer (2)

94a. Answer (1) (AIEEE 2012)

95. Answer (2)

on cubing and solving

∴ There is unique solution.

100a. Answer (3) [JEE (Main)-2018]

101. Answer (4)

104. Answer (2)