Work sheet

1. What is Hydraulics?
2. What is the use of pump?
3. List types of centrifugal pump? discuss their differences.
4. What are the main parts of parts of centrifugal parts?
5. list and discuss the major losses of pumps.
6. Classify and discuss types of pumps based on blade shapes.
7. In which conditions does vane diffuser used?
8. What is cavitation?
9. List the possible cavitation in pumps and how it happened?
10. what are the effects of cavitation?
11. What is turbine?
12. what is the difference between pump and turbine?
13. List and classifications of turbines.
14. List and discuss the main components of turbines.
15. What is the difference between nozzles and diffusers?
16. Define pump curve, system curve and duty point.
17. List the factors to be considered during pipe selection.
18. List the effects of decreasing pipe lines.

Workout with the necessary steps

1. A centrifugal pump impeller runs at 1400 rpm, and vanes angle at exit is 25°. The impeller
has an external diameter of 0.4 m and an internal diameter of 0.2 m. Assuming a constant
radial flow through the impeller at 2.6 m/s, calculate (1) the angle made by the absolute
velocity of water at exit with the tangent, (2) the inlet vane angle, and (3) the work done
per kg of water.
2. A centrifugal pump impeller has 0.6 m outside diameter and rotated at 550 rpm. Vanes are
radial at exit and 8.2 cm wide. Velocity of flow through the impeller is 3.5 m/s, and velocity
in the delivery pipe is 2.5 m/s. Neglecting other losses, calculate head and power of the
pump.
3. The specific speed of an axial flow pump impeller is 1150 and velocity of flow is 2.5 m/s.
The outer and inner diameters of the impeller are 0.90 m and 0.45 m, respectively. Calculate
the suitable speed of the pump to give a head of 5.5 m. Also, calculate vane angle at the
entry of the pump.
4. An axial flow pump is required to deliver 1 m3 /s at 7 m head while running at 960 rpm. Its
outer diameter is 50 and hub diameter is 25 cm. Find (1) flow velocity, which is assumed
to be constant from hub to tip and (2) power required to drive the pump if overall
efficiency is 84%.
5. An axial flow pump has the following data:
Rotational speed 750 rpm
Discharge of water 1.75 m3 /s
Head 7.5 m
Hub to runner diameter ratio 0.45
Through flow velocity is 0.35 times the peripheral velocity. Find the diameter and
minimum speed ratio.
6. The speed of Pelton turbine is 14 m/s. The water is supplied at the rate of 820 L/s against
a head of 45 m. If the jet is deflected by the buckets at an angle of 160°, find the hP and the
efficiency of the turbine.
7. Inner and outer diameters of an outward flow reaction turbine wheel are 1 m and 2 m
respectively. The water enters the vane at angle of 20° and leaves the vane radially.
Assuming the velocity of flow remains constant at 12 m/s and wheel rotates at 290 rpm,
find the vane angles at inlet and outlet.
8. A Pelton wheel of power station develops 30,500 hP under a head of 1750 m while running
at 760 rpm. Calculate (1) the mean diameter of the runner, (2) the jet diameter, and (3) the
diameter ratio.