TABLE OF CONTENTS

HƯỚNG DẪN SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU..............................................................................5

1. Work and studies.....................................................................................................7
2. Home and accommodation.....................................................................................8
3. Old buildings............................................................................................................8
4. Cycling......................................................................................................................9
5. Breakfast.................................................................................................................10
6. Teachers..................................................................................................................11
7. Wild animals..........................................................................................................11
8. Advertisements.......................................................................................................12
9. Schools....................................................................................................................13
10. Scenery....................................................................................................................14
11. Favorite Day...........................................................................................................14
12. Transport................................................................................................................15
13. Dreams....................................................................................................................16
14. Home decoration....................................................................................................16
15. Map.........................................................................................................................17
16. Language learning.................................................................................................18
17. Modern technology................................................................................................19
18. Fishing.....................................................................................................................20
19. Ice-cream................................................................................................................21
20. Childhood games....................................................................................................21
21. Robots.....................................................................................................................22
22. Friends....................................................................................................................23
23. Concentration.........................................................................................................24
24. Talents.....................................................................................................................24
25. Musical instruments..............................................................................................25
26. Chatting..................................................................................................................25
27. Rain.........................................................................................................................26
28. Keeping healthy.....................................................................................................27
29. Days off...................................................................................................................28
 30. Bags.........................................................................................................................28
31. Tea and coffee........................................................................................................29
32. Inventions and inventors.......................................................................................29
34. Gifts.........................................................................................................................31
35. Volunteer (Charity)...............................................................................................31
36. Neighbor.................................................................................................................32
37. Children’s play.......................................................................................................33
38. Fixing things...........................................................................................................34
TOPIC 1: PERSON.........................................................................................................37
1. Describe a person to whom you are very close in your family..........................38
2. Describe a popular person (who) you know........................................................40
3. Describe an irritating colleague............................................................................42
4. Describe an old friend you got in contact with again.........................................44
5. Describe a person who just moved into your community and brought positive
influence........................................................................................................................46
6. Describe a person you know who likes to help others........................................48
7. Describe a person who enjoys cooking for others...............................................51
8. Describe a foreigner you know who speaks your language (Vietnamese) well 53
9. Describe someone you don’t know but would like to know more about..........55
10. Describe a person who has interesting ideas and opinions................................57
TOPIC 2: OBJECT.........................................................................................................60
1. Describe an old present that is special to you.....................................................61
2. Describe the type of clothes that you usually (like to) wear...............................63
3. Describe an expensive gift that you want to give someone if you save a lot of
money.............................................................................................................................65
4. Describe a product you want to buy from a foreign country............................67
5. Describe a book you want to read again..............................................................70
6. Describe a traditional costume that you like.......................................................72
7. Describe a photo that makes you feel happy.......................................................74
8. Describe an impressive work of art you saw.......................................................76
TOPIC 3: EVENT............................................................................................................79
1. Describe a time when you saw a child behaved badly in public........................80
 2. Describe a time when you encouraged someone to do something that he/she
didn’t want to do...........................................................................................................82
3. Describe an occasion when you waited a long time for a nice thing.................84
4. Describe a time when you had a problem with using the computer.................86
5. Describe a time when you spent time with a child..............................................88
6. Describe an occasion when you received incorrect information.......................91
7. Describe a situation when you had to spend a long time in traffic jam............94
8. Describe an occasion when you got lost...............................................................96
TOPIC 4: ACTIVITY.....................................................................................................99
1. Describe an expensive activity that you enjoy doing occasionally..................100
2. Describe a water sport you would like to try in the future..............................102
3. Describe an activity that made you feel tired....................................................104
4. Describe an activity that you enjoy doing alone in your free time..................106
5. Describe a leisure activity you do with your family.........................................108
6. Describe a game you played in your childhood................................................111
TOPIC 5: PLACE..........................................................................................................114
1. Describe a place away from your home and you want to visit in the future..115
2. Describe a favorite place in your house where you can relax..........................117
3. Describe a perfect /dream house you saw (an ideal house/apartment where you
want to live).................................................................................................................119
4. Describe a place you want to visit with you friends or family in the future...121
5. Describe a park or a garden in your city...........................................................124
6. Describe a new store/shop that just opened in your area................................126
7. Describe a crowded place you have been to......................................................128
8. Describe an open-air or street market which you enjoy visiting.....................131
9. Describe a place in your country that you are interested in............................133
TOPIC 6: OTHERS.......................................................................................................136
1. Describe a skill you can teach others.................................................................137
2. Describe a happy experience in your childhood that you remember well.....139
3. Describe a difficult task that you completed at work/study that you felt proud of
141
4. Describe an invention that changed people's lives............................................144
5. Describe something you would like to learn in the future...............................146
6. Describe an important text message you received............................................149
7. Describe a job you think is interesting...............................................................151
8. Describe a rule that is important at your school or work................................153
9. Describe a long car journey you went on..........................................................156
10. Describe an interesting talk or speech...............................................................158
11. Describe a sport you enjoyed watching.............................................................161
12. Describe a movie you watched that disappointed about..................................164
13. Describe an exciting adventure you would like to go on..................................166
14. Describe an important decision..........................................................................168
15. Describe a good advertisement that you think is useful...................................170
 HƯỚNG DẪN SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU

Bộ tài liệu này sẽ cung cấp cho các bạn câu trả lời mẫu cho 38 chủ đề Speaking Part 1,

56 chủ đề Speaking Part 2 và Part 3 trong bộ đề dự đoán Quý 3/2023 của IELTS Xuân Phi.

Đây là tài liệu vô cùng chất lượng và tâm huyết được biên soạn bởi đội ngũ Học thuật của

học viện và đã được kiểm tra, nâng cấp bởi giám khảo IELTS David Lang. Vì vậy, học viện

rất mong các bạn có thể tận dụng tối đa tài liệu này để đem lại kết quả tốt nhất cho kỹ năng

Nói, một kỹ năng khó nhằn nhất trong kỳ thi IELTS.

Trong mỗi chủ đề sẽ có các mục như sau:

Câu hỏi của chủ đề- Câu trả lời mẫu.

Cách sử dụng tài liệu:

 Bước 1: Tự brainstorm ý tưởng cho câu trả lời của mình.

 Bước 2: Đọc câu trả lời mẫu.

 Bước 3: Tham khảo ý tưởng và ghi chép từ vựng ở bài mẫu phù hợp với ý tưởng của bản

thân vào 1 cuốn sổ rồi học thuộc từ vựng.

 Bước 4: Tự brainstorm lại ý tưởng dựa trên những ý tưởng tham khảo và từ vựng mới đã

học được. (Chú ý: chỉ ghi từ 5-6 từ khóa, không ghi cả câu)
1. Work and studies
 Do you work or are you a student?
Well, currently I’m working a part-time job as a teaching assistant in an English center in
Hanoi. I’ve been doing it for the last 3 years or so and I’ll probably keep up with it for a few
more minimum.
 What work do you do?
In being a part-time teaching assistant, I basically tell the students to behave, help them with
any problems and collect their schoolwork.
 What subjects are you studying?
My area of specialization is English linguistics, which means I mainly learn about subjects
related to phonology, grammar and English for specific purposes.
 Why did you choose that job?
For a few reasons. Firstly, I majored in English linguistics. Secondly, I’ve been passionate
about English ever since I was in high school. On top of that, my job is well-paying relative
to other entry-level work so I’ve got nothing to complain about.
 Why did you choose to study that subject?
Studying English is a way for me to keep my mind active - I’ve always had a knack for
languages and I’ve heard it’s one of the best ways to keep your mind young - learning a new
language that is.
 Do you like your job?
I have a love/hate relationship with it. One rewarding aspect is that I get to meet people
from all walks of life. In the classroom, that makes for an inclusive, dynamic environment.
But it can be a slog too if I’ve got a lot of classes in succession.
 What do you like about your studies?
The main thing I like is that I learn a lot about not just English but also about the world at
large and I get the chance to improve my critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
 What do you dislike about your studies?
I found it challenging when I started out as it was so theoretical and I couldn't get a handle
on a lot of the really abstract concepts. That’s why I had a hard time dealing with it when I
was a freshman. By the time my sophomore year came along, I’d managed to get my head
around it for the most part.

2. Home and accommodation

 Who do you live with?
I am currently living with my sister. She is a good housemate who fully takes care of my
cats or prepares the meals whenever I am occupied.
 What kinds of accommodation do you live in?
I am residing in a run-of-the-mill house in the outskirts of Hanoi. It is a fully-furnished
house with all the mod cons including air conditioner, refrigerator, washing machine and
even oven that my sister and I have accumulated for several months. These household
appliances play a vital role in reducing our amount of household tasks.
 Do you plan to live there for a long time?
No. I would say, I have an intention of leaving my house in maybe 7 years. This is not
because of the living costs or surrounding amenities. It is about my future career plan. I plan
to move to another city; therefore, leaving this cozy neighborhood would be a must.
 What kind of house or flat do you want to live in in the future?
My dream house would be a spacious house in a big city. I am a sucker for the glamour of
metropolises; therefore, I would strive to work hard and buy one. Although housing costs in
cities are criminally expensive, I would consider it as a trade-off so I am willing to live
there.
 What's your favorite room in your apartment/house?
It’s the dining room where my family spends quality time together. This is not only the
place where every family reunion takes place but also the place where every family can
enjoy a harmonious atmosphere during meals. My family members always take precedence
over family so despite ups and downs, we always try to eat together.

3. Old buildings
 Have you ever seen old buildings in your city?
I’ve seen many - they’re dotted all around Hanoi - you can hardly walk down any central
street without spotting one. But most of them can be found in the Old Quarter in Hoan Kiem
District and some still retain the French-inspired stylings which are remnants of Vietnam’s
colonial past. The oldest building I’ve seen is the One Pillar Pagoda which is exactly what it
sounds like and dates back to the beginning of the last millennium I think - I never paid all
that much attention in history class to be honest.
 What do you like about old buildings?
Hmmm… I like the fact that the classical style is timeless and they preserve history in a
real, living way - as long as they’re intact, we can see the same buildings our ancestors saw.
 Do you think it's important to preserve old buildings? Why or why not?
I think it’s absolutely vital to preserve historical buildings because they serve as reminders
of what the prevailing architectural trends were back in the day and they give modern-day
residents an insight into how people lived and worked with the space that they had within
those buildings. They’re endlessly fascinating - especially in comparison to modern
buildings which are anonymous and uninviting.
 Do you prefer old or new buildings when it comes to aesthetics and
architecture?
I lean towards liking older buildings in terms of aesthetics and architecture because I have
an affinity for all things retro, all things classic. I immediately latch onto anything that’s old
- vintage clothing, old records, old vases, wooden furniture… Buildings too. I’d much rather
live in an older style apartment even if it means the wifi is a bit on the slow side or I have to
worry about a wall caving in when I’m trying to get to bed.

4. Cycling
 Do you like cycling?
Yeah, I’m into cycling since I’m quite into fitness these days. I think cycling is an excellent
way to improve physical and mental health. On top of that, bicycles are an environmentally-
friendly transportation option.
 Did you ride a bicycle when you were a kid?
Of course. I don’t cycle all that much now but they were a huge, huge part of my childhood.
I started learning to ride when I was 6 years old or so and I rode a bike to school just about
every day with my friends. After school, we'd cycle aimlessly through beautiful rice fields
and local villages for a few hours together. Those were the good old days.
 Would you like to buy a bicycle?
Decent bicycles are getting more affordable these days so it’s not a bad idea to get one. At
the moment, I don’t have a good place to store it and my work is too far from my house for
a bike to be practical, but if I see a good deal, maybe…
 Do you think Vietnamese people will cycle more in the future?
Yes, I suppose so. I think cycling will become even more popular in the future since people
are increasingly aware of health issues and keeping fit. Governments also now pay more
attention to infrastructure fixes that prioritize cycling and encourage people to use
environmentally- friendly alternatives to gas-guzzling cars.

5. Breakfast
 Do you often eat breakfast?
Yes. I hardly ever skip breakfast. To be honest, breakfast is the most important meal of the
day for me. I really don’t think I’d be able to get through my day without at least some
cereal or fruit in the morning.
 Do you make your own breakfast or eat out?
Well, I prefer making breakfast at home since it’s less expensive and healthier, especially
when I prepare all the ingredients the night before. But sometimes if I don’t have enough
time or crave something quite complicated to make such as pho, then I’ll just pop by a local
spot on my way to work.
 Did you usually have breakfast when you were a kid?
My mom would cook or buy something for me to eat every morning ever since I started
school. Even when I got up late and had no time to squeeze in breakfast, she would prepare
some snacks or milk for me to eat between lessons. So I gotta say that I always had
breakfast when I was a kid.
 Is it important to eat breakfast?
Of course. Breakfast is a crucial meal that provides essential nutrients and energy needed for
optimal brain functioning. However, there are some people who never eat breakfast because
they may not feel hungry in the morning, so it's important to listen to your body's signals
and choose a routine that works best for you. Some people today do intermittent fasting too
and skip the first meal of the day.

6. Teachers
  What do you think makes “a good teacher”?
What immediately jumps to mind when I think of a good teacher is his or her subject
knowledge. A decent teacher must possess a wealth of knowledge in their area of expertise.
Therefore, they can not only convey lessons to their students effectively but also actively
respond to questions that come up in class.
 Do you want to be a teacher in the future?
I’d say no since I find that instructing and making assessments for students sound a bit
tedious. Plus, I might also lose my patience or my temper if my students lacked focus during
my lessons or were disobedient in class. I don’t think I’m well-suited for it, in short.
 Do you think high school students should be encouraged to make comments on
their teachers?
Yes, generally. However, they should be cognizant of their relative youth and lack of
experience, and should make their critiques in a respectful and considerate manner so as not
to appear disrespectful. And teachers tend to be a sensitive sort as well.
 What are the most important qualities of “a good teacher”?
Well, I talked about subject knowledge before so I can highlight the example they set as
well. Uncle Ho once said that “talent without virtue is useless, virtue without talent makes
it difficult to do anything.” This is true for teachers too - they can’t just be smart, they have
to know how to set an ethical standard for the whole class.

7. Wild animals
 Have you ever seen a wild animal? (What was it?)
I saw a tiger in person when I visited a zoo with my family many years ago though I
suppose it wasn’t actually in the wild at the time. That was the first tiger I’d ever seen in
real life. I was taken aback as it wasn’t what I was expecting exactly. Tigers are said to be
ferocious and dangerous predators, but this tiger looked cute and was pretty passive and
sedated.
 What is your favourite wild animal? (Why/Why not?)
I’d go with pandas because I really love how adorable they seem when I come across some
videos of them online. I wish that I could go to China, their home country, to see them in
person one day. It’s one of the southern provinces - southwestern actually - where they’re
from actually.
 Do you like seeing animals in a zoo? (Why/Why not?)
Yes, I guess so since it’s the only way for me to see them without being scared of getting
hurt in some way, especially for aggressive ones like tigers, lions and so on. But I do feel
sad and a bit guilty about the fact that they have to be locked up in the zoo for my
amusement - and because they are in jeopardy in the wild because of poaching and hunting.
 How important is it to protect wild animals? (Why/Why not?)
It’s of great significance, I believe. The thing is that these animals play an integral part in
maintaining a balanced and diverse ecosystem. Therefore, governments and individuals
should join hands as soon as possible to preserve biodiversity for future generations.

8. Advertisements
 Do you often see advertisements in your daily life? Where do you usually see them?
I - like everyone else I suppose - can’t go a day without seeing an advertisement
somewhere. Billboards perched high above buildings, leaflets being handed out on the side
of the road, and even just labels and logos on every product around me. That doesn’t even
count online - which is basically a giant pile of advertising with little bits of content that I’m
interested in here and there.
 Have you ever bought something because of its advertisement?
No, I haven’t. I usually buy something based on what I need at the moment and its price
point. Most of the products that are advertised are either things I don’t really need or are too
expensive. There are some exceptions I’m sure but nothing really comes to mind… Oh, an
electric toothbrush once a while back and that was worth it.
 What kind of advertisements do you dislike?
I tend to dislike advertisements that feature celebrities because I don’t think they’re genuine
in their endorsement of the featured product and it’s just a cynical way for them to make
money on the side. Sometimes that leads to me losing some degree of respect and
admiration for an athlete - like when I see Messi doing a Pepsi ad - it brings him down in
my eyes a bit - I can’t help it.
 Do you pay attention to advertisements on TV or in magazines? Why or why not?
I don’t pay much attention to advertisements on television or in print - or at least I try my
best not to. I just either ignore them or watch them just to get through them and I’ve got
nothing better to do. I watch TV for the programs and read magazines for the articles - not
to further the interests of big business.

9. Schools
 Where do you go to school?
I'm currently studying at Hanoi University, one of the most prestigious universities in
Vietnam. It's a vibrant educational institution where knowledge, culture, and history are
really valued, providing an engaging learning environment for all undergraduates.
 Do you think your school is good for every student?
I believe Hanoi University offers an excellent education that can be beneficial for every
student if they are up to it. The university provides a wide array of courses, ranging from
language learning to economics to the arts and various scientific subjects. Moreover,
the environment fosters creativity, critical thinking, and independent learning. To be more
specific, my university organizes lots of little competitions and contests that keep things
lively and appeal to different interests.
 What changes do you want to make in your school?
While I appreciate my university's dedication to high-quality education, I believe there is
always room for improvement. First of all, I’d like to see greater emphasis on practical,
hands-on experiences across all disciplines. Additionally, increasing the availability of
mental health resources would be very beneficial for students to manage the stresses and
challenges associated with university life. Lastly, adopting more cutting-edge virtual
learning platforms could help to enhance a varied learning experience, especially for those
studying with geographical constraints or who just want more flexibility.

10. Scenery
 Is there any beautiful scenery in your hometown?
Well, my hometown is Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. There are some notable
attractions in Hanoi, which is renowned for its scenic beauty, for instance, The Temple of
Literature, Hoan Kiem Lake, West Lake, and Long Bien Bridge. These are charming spots
where you can experience the beauty of nature and architecture coming together to great
effect.
 Do you want to live in a house with a good view?
I mean, who doesn’t? Imagine waking up to a spectacular view of nature or a cityscape, all
my stress and anxiety would disappear immediately. I think a beautiful view can evoke a
feeling of calmness, inspire creativity, and offer a refreshing escape from one’s daily
routine.
 Do people like to take photos of beautiful scenery?
Absolutely. If you take a look at some popular tourist attractions, you will see locals
grouped around the best spots for taking photos, jockeying for position. I think capturing
breathtaking landscapes is a great way to keep our memory alive in a frame - that’s a saying
we have in Vietnamese.
 Why do people prefer to use mobile phones to take photos of beautiful scenery?
People prefer taking photos on mobile phones because they’re portable and have high-
quality cameras, which allows people to capture stunning images of scenery spontaneously.
On top of that, it’s easier to store, organize, and share photos on social media as compared
to a professional camera that has an SD card you need to plug into a computer and … well,
it’s a whole big effort compared to a phone.

11. Favorite Day

 Which day of the week is your favorite day?
Sunday holds a special place in my heart. It’s a much-needed opportunity to relax and
recharge. It's a day when the pace of life slows down and I can get in a leisurely morning,
and engage in the activities that bring me the most joy and fulfillment. I also appreciate the
chance to spend quality time with family and friends, creating lasting memories.

 How do you usually spend your time?

Well, I work or study during weekdays and engage in relaxing activities like reading or
walking in the evenings. On weekends, I spend time with loved ones, pursue hobbies, and
prioritize self-care. Balancing responsibilities, my interests, and my well-being is important
to me. There’s only so much time in a day.

12. Transport
 How do you go to work/school?
Normally I would get to work by bicycle since it’s cheap to maintain, causes less pollution
and is healthier in the long-term. However, I sometimes call a taxi when I’m feeling lazy or
pressed for time. Or if the weather is rotten - on really rainy days or really chilly days I
don’t want to freeze on the way to work.
 How far is it from your home to work/school?
I’d say it normally takes about 30 - 35 minutes to get to work by bicycle - on an average day
when the traffic isn’t that brutal. When I’m in a taxi however, it takes about an hour since
cars are a lot less maneuverable on the roads - we might end up sitting in a line of cars in
traffic and have no recourse to make a sudden U-turn or find an alleyway or another
shortcut.
 What's the most popular means of transportation in your hometown?
I think the motorbike by far is the most popular form of transportation in Hanoi. They’re
fast, versatile and compact, making it easy to use when commuting around the often busy
streets of the city. That’s why you’ll see men, women, adolescents - all sorts on motorbikes.
Also, it’s much cheaper to buy compared to a car or truck.
 Do you think people will drive more in the future?
I don’t think so. I think we have more or less reached a tipping point. In the future, private
vehicles will decline in popularity as public transport and ride-sharing becomes more
prevalent. The main reason people drive today is just to flaunt the fact that they can afford a
car and that, to my mind, is a passing phase.
13. Dreams
 Do you remember your dream when you wake up?
Sometimes I do remember my dreams on occasion. It's fascinating how our minds all on
their own create vivid and surreal experiences during sleep. Recently, I had a dream where I
was flying over beautiful landscapes. The feeling of freedom stayed with me even after
waking up and didn’t fade until later in the morning.
 Do you like hearing others’ dreams?
Not at all, no one does actually. I find hearing about others' dreams tedious as it tends to be
a bunch of surreal stuff that you can’t really decipher. It can be interesting to listen to the
interpretations sometimes but I’d rather talk about something that happened in real life.
 Have you told others about your dreams?
Certainly, against my judgment, I’ve shared my dreams with others on occasions when the
dream was particularly vivid or had a strong impact on me. It can be enjoyable to discuss
dreams with friends or family members and explore possible meanings or connections to
daily life.

14. Home decoration

 What's the decoration like in your home?
The decorations in my home are quite simple. We have some traditional wall paintings and
ceramic pots. There are some decorative plants - bonsai and fresh flowers too. Pretty muted
style overall.
 What kind of decorations do you want to have?
I’d say that I favor a minimalist style since it focuses on essential elements and emphasizes
quality over quantity. For example, a living room with a large window with linen curtains or
blinds that can be easily opened to allow natural light in to flood the room would be my
thing given the chance to go crazy and design it myself.
 Do people in your country like decorating their home?
As far as I can tell, many Vietnamese people enjoy the art of interior design - in an amateur
way. Like in many cultures, home decoration in Vietnam is seen as a way to express your
personal style, create a comfortable living space, and convey your individual tastes and
preferences. Vietnamese people take pride in their homes and often invest time and effort in
making them aesthetically pleasing and functional at the same time.
 Do Vietnamese people like redecorating their home?
I think it all boils down to personal preference. Some people may redecorate their homes
periodically, following current trends or seasonal changes, while others may do it less
frequently based on how much they like changing things up and their budget.
 What’s your favorite color when decorating your home?
Hands down, soft pastel colors, including blush pinks, pale blues, and mint greens. I love
these more muted colors since they add a subtle and gentle touch to my home, creating a
serene and delicate ambiance that I can then accent with the occasional potted plant.
 What is the new decorating trend this year?
Well, I guess at the moment, I’m no expert but it’s going to be something eco-friendly. To
fit this ethos, people use natural materials, incorporate energy-efficient fixtures, and
repurpose or upcycle furniture.

15. Map
 Do you often use maps?
Yeah, I use maps more or less every day, especially when I'm traveling to new places. I
typically pull up Google maps first thing when I get in to a new place on holiday. I’ll
usually try to rent a bike right away and after getting to my hotel I might use Google to
discover some hidden gems and then turn on the directions mode and pop in my earphones
and head over there.
 Can you read a map easily? Why or why not?
Well, with a bit of practice, I've become quite comfortable with reading maps. It's all about
getting used to the symbols, the format, and understanding the language of maps. The more
I've used them, the simpler it's become to navigate with confidence. Back when I first
opened up Google maps I wasn’t sure how it functioned but I’m familiar with the user
interface now so it’s like second nature.
  Do you have maps at home?
Oh, absolutely! I've got a collection of maps at home from various trips I've taken over the
years. I think of them as a visual diary of my adventures, a bit dorky I know. Sometimes, I'll
sit down with a map and reminisce about the places I've explored or get inspired to plan my
next journey. I even have a big one of Bangkok done in a retro style framed and hanging up
in my living room.
 How do you feel about paper maps compared to digital maps on smartphones?
You know, I appreciate both for different reasons. Paper maps have this nostalgic, old-
school charm, and they're fantastic for the initial planning phase of a trip. But, when I'm on
the move, digital maps can’t be beat. GPS and real-time updates make navigating a breeze,
and there are so many useful features - user reviews, directions, phone numbers for
businesses, operating hours, etc.
 Do you think it's important for schools to teach map-reading skills to students?
I’d say yes though I haven’t really given it that much thought. It's a valuable skill that
schools could definitely include. It's not just about finding your way around; it's also about
problem-solving and being prepared. You never know when you might need to rely on a
map. It could be a real lifesaver in emergencies or when you're in an area with limited
access to Wifi. It's just a practical skill that is bound to come in handy at some point in your
life.

16. Language learning

 Do you like learning English?
Personally, I love learning English because of the rich cultural heritage and its widespread
global adoption. Learning it allows me to connect with people from different backgrounds
and enhances my understanding of their traditions and perspectives. Not to mention, I can
understand song lyrics from America better.
 Do you think it’s difficult to learn a new language?
If you ask me, learning a new language can be challenging, but with dedication, consistent
practice, and effective learning strategies, it is definitely achievable. The difficulty also may
vary depending on factors such as the degree of difference with the learner's native language
and the similarities between the target language and their mother tongue.
  Will you learn other languages in the future?
Without a doubt, I’m open to the idea of learning other languages in the future, specifically
Japanese. Learning additional languages can broaden my cultural horizons, facilitate
communication with people from diverse backgrounds, and provide me greater
opportunities for personal and professional growth.

17. Modern technology

 What are some examples of inventions that are used in the home?
There are numerous inventions we use in our homes every day. Examples include the
refrigerator for food preservation, the washing machine for laundering clothes, and the air
conditioner for temperature regulation. In essence, these inventions have dramatically
improved our living standards within the home.
 Do you think these inventions tend to make people lazy?
Yes, I do believe that some inventions have made people lazier. For example, washing
machines and dishwashers automate tasks that were once done by hand, which saves us time
and energy. While this is certainly convenient, it can also lead to a sedentary lifestyle where
we rely on machines to do even the simplest of tasks.
 What are some examples of electronic or electronical equipment that are used in
schools (classrooms)?
There are a wide range of electronic or electrical equipment that are commonly used in
schools and classrooms to aid in teaching and learning. This encompasses devices like
computers and laptops that are essential tools for research and digital learning; projectors
that allow teachers to share presentations, videos, and other materials with the class; and
interactive whiteboards that facilitate dynamic and interactive teaching.
 What kinds of new technology connected to health do you think might appear in
the future?
There are several emerging technologies in the healthcare industry that could have a
significant impact on our health in the future. One of them is AI algorithms that can help
diagnose diseases and predict health outcomes. Another one is Telemedicine which allows
patients to consult with doctors and other healthcare providers remotely.

18. Fishing
  Is fishing popular in your country?
Hmmm, I’d say yes I suppose it is. In Vietnam, we have a vast coastline and tons of rivers
and lakes, so many people, both young and old, go fishing as a favorite pastime. It's not only
a recreational activity but also a way to bond with family and friends. Not so much in the
cities though - there are spots you can go to fish but it’s more of a niche activity in urban
areas.
 Do you like eating fish?
Oh, absolutely! I’m a big fan of seafood generally. Seafood is so versatile and tasty. I mean,
to me there’s nothing that beats nicely grilled, charcoal grilled, fish with some herbs, some
parsley and mint and cilantro, and a squeeze of lemon. It’s my go-to order on a night out.
And it's healthy too, full of protein and those good omega-3s I always hear doctors on TV
going on about.
 Have you ever been to a place where there were lots of fish around you?
Yeah. I had this amazing experience when I visited Hai Phong this one time, a coastal gem
in my opinion. Snorkeling in those crystal-clear waters felt like entering a whole new world.
The abundance of colorful fish and the vibrant marine life was breathtaking - to use a cliche.
I wish I could name them all but it was just a mass of colorful fins and scales swirling
around me - no shark fins luckily. It was a memorable and awe-inspiring experience that I’ll
always cherish.
 Have you seen any movies with lots of fish?
Yes, I’ve watched a few. And "Finding Nemo" is the one that comes to mind. It’s about
a clownfish and his quest to find his son Nemo. The movie is not only entertaining but also
visually stunning, showcasing the diverse and colorful world of fish and marine life.
Everyone knows it and there was a sequel some years back as well that picked up the
storyline and followed the female fish from the movie - I think her name was Dory.
19. Ice-cream
 Do you love ice cream?
Absolutely yes, it's definitely one of my favorite treats. I enjoy trying different flavors and
combinations, and there’s nothing like a cold scoop of ice cream on a hot summer day. I
have a bit of a sweet tooth, and ice cream is definitely my go-to dessert option.
 Did you often eat ice cream when you were a child?
Yes, when I was little, I often ate ice cream at the canteen at school or at the store with my
friends. It was a special treat that my parents gave me if I got a good result at school. That’s
why I have many fond memories of eating ice cream as a child. Mint chocolate chip is my
favorite.
 Are there shops selling ice cream near the place where you live?
Fortunately, yes. There are a few ice-cream stores within walking distance of my house.
More often than not, in summer, the ice cream sells fast and in Vietnam it’s hot most of the
year so the ice cream spots are always really popular.

20. Childhood games

 In your country, what games do children generally play today?
In my country, children engage in a range of the regular kid’s games you’d expect such as
hide-and-seek, soccer, basketball, board games, and video games. These activities
encourage physical exercise, cognitive development, teamwork, and social interaction
among children. I don’t think they’re hugely different from kids in other countries.
 Do boys play different games to girls?
At times, boys and girls might participate in different games. While boys typically enjoy
more physical contact sports and action-oriented games, girls tend to prefer activities like
role-playing, and games involving more creativity. However, these can overlap as individual
interests may vary and gender roles in society are shifting a lot these days.
 How are these games different to the games children play a few decades ago?
In lots of ways, the games that children play today have evolved significantly compared to
those played a few decades ago. In particular, today’s children have access to a wide range
of digital games and technologies, including video games, mobile apps, augmented reality,
and virtual reality. These games often involve interactive experiences, super realistic
graphics, and immersive storytelling, providing a whole different level of engagement
compared to traditional games - though obviously with their own drawbacks.
 Do you think looking at a computer or ipad all day long is good for health? Why
do parents still let them do it?
Having your eyes glued to a computer or iPad all day long is definitely detrimental to long-
term health due to potential issues related to eye strain, sedentary lifestyles, and loss of
sleep. Though parents may be aware of these risks, they may still allow them due to
educational and entertainment purposes. It’s tough to tell parents to put in consistent energy
looking after their kids especially after a long day at work. That’s the simple answer.

21. Robots
 Are robots important?
Well, I guess so. They're used in all sorts of industries these days, from manufacturing and
healthcare to space exploration. They can handle tasks that are dangerous or repetitive. So,
yeah, they're pretty crucial in short though I don’t work in robotics. I’m a little surprised that
we don’t see more of them in everyday life but that day is coming down the pipeline for
sure.
 Will robots affect people’s lives in the future?
Definitely, robots are already having a significant impact on people's lives, and the
repercussions are multifaceted. On the one hand, robots make our lives easier and safer. In
manufacturing, for example, AI-powered robots can handle repetitive assembly tasks,
therefore increasing production rates and reducing errors. In healthcare, they assist doctors
perform surgery with greater precision. Or so I’ve heard. On the other hand, there are also
concerns about how they might affect employment and privacy. That’s why the idea of a
universal basic wage has been proposed in some corners - to counter the inevitability of a
robot workforce.
 Have you ever watched a movie about robots?
Of course, robot-themed movies are quite popular these days so I’ve watched quite a few of
them as they’ve come out over the years. My favorite one is a “Black Mirror” episode,
that’s a science fiction series about the dangers of robots and other kinds of invasive
technologies. This one episode features a situation where humans lose control over robots
and you probably can guess where it goes from there. The show is actually pretty
predictable and basic.
 Should we let robots drive us on long journeys?
Mhm, let me think about this one for a second because it has never really been on my mind.
I wouldn’t say that I am a robot enthusiast, so this question is kind of catching me off guard.
Self-driving robots could help reduce accidents and lower commute times - that’s the claim
I’ve heard repeated over and over. However, it seems that there’re still some limitations and
potential dangers. I personally wouldn’t be comfortable putting my life in the hands of a
robot, regardless of what the statistics say about it.
 What can robots do for you at home?
There are tons of everyday tasks that robots can already perform. For example, they can
clean floors, mow your lawn, monitor your lighting system and help you as a personal
assistant - all of those things with varying degrees of competence, though that’s no different
from humans. With the help of robots, we can get lots of chores done without lifting a finger
- that’s the idea at least, I’m not sure the reality lives up to our expectations in all cases. My
cleaning vacuum is sometimes more of a hassle than it’s worth

22. Friends
 Do you have any good friends who live far away? (Why/Why not?)
No, because almost all my friends live near me. And it’s kind of become out of sight, out of
mind, not that that was my intention. I think it’s hard to keep a friendship up when there are
major geographical restraints in place.
 Are you still friends with any of your childhood friends? (Why/Why not?)
Of course, even now, I still keep in touch and hang out with them sometimes. But it’s
getting rarer and rarer as we all get caught up in our own lives.
 What do you value most about your friends? (Why?)
I value sincerity and kindness. We might not have as much time to hang out together as we
did in university, before work, but they still support me whenever I need them or face
difficulties in my life.

 Do you think you are a good friend? (Why/Why not?)

Undoubtedly. I’m willing to help my friends when they need a helping hand, although I
must admit that sometimes I’m hesitant depending on what’s going on exactly, like lending
a friend a large amount of money - you don’t want to get burned in that situation.

23. Concentration
 How can you concentrate on something?
The technique I usually use is to set myself a clear time limit and a reward at the end. For
example, maybe I give myself 20 minutes to study a vocabulary list and then afterwards I
reward myself by watching a video on YouTube or ringing up a friend to chat.
 What makes you hard to concentrate?
Oh, tons of things! What first comes to mind is naturally social media - scrolling through
Facebook, TikTok, messaging friends. Also, YouTube, I love watching cat videos and
sports highlights from The World Cup. When I want to be distracted, it’s no problem to find
a way.

24. Talents
 Do you have a talent, or something you are good at?
Yes, I think I have a knack for painting. I've been dabbling in art since I was young, and it's
something I truly enjoy. I'm also not bad in the kitchen. I love experimenting with different
cuisines and creating delicious meals from scratch. And I get rave reviews from friends who
come over for dinner now and then.
 Do you think anyone in your family has the same talent?
Well, my dad’s a pretty good painter and grandmother was too. So, you could say it runs in
the family. My mom loves cooking. I'm pretty sure that I’ve inherited it from her in one way
or another - through my genes but also just seeing her in the kitchen over the years whipping
up minor miracles on a budget.
 Do you think your talent could be useful for your future work?
Of course. It’s likely to be extremely beneficial as I’m considering a career in graphic
design. Plus, who knows, maybe I can sell some of my artwork or take on commissions to
earn money. Knowing the basics about lighting, composition, shading, anatomy and so - I
hope it comes in handy…
25. Musical instruments
 Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument?
I haven’t really had the chance but I’ve always had it in the back of my mind to take some
piano lessons somewhere down the line. I think it’s the most elegant and powerful of all
classical instruments and it would be great to learn pieces from some of the greats and be
able to play a tune in front of friends and family.
 Do you think children should learn to play an instrument at school?
Absolutely, I believe that children should have the opportunity to learn a musical instrument
at school. Knowing how to play an instrument not only helps develop their creativity but
also allows them to unwind in a pressure-filled environment. It can be a valuable part of a
well-rounded education. I wish that I had focused more in school and taken up an
instrument - it’s a big regret of mine looking back on my school years.
 Do you think music education is important for children?
Yes, I believe that music education is essential for their holistic development. It offers a
range of benefits beyond just knowing how to play the instrument itself. Learning about
music and melodies and the construction of a song can encourage emotional expression,
foster teamwork skills if they participate in group activities, and even improve their
academic performance by giving them a broader skill set to draw upon later on.
 What musical instruments do you enjoy listening to the most?
As I mentioned before, I love listening to the melodious sound of the piano first and
foremost. It can convey a wide range of emotions and is often featured prominently in
classical and contemporary music. But I actually have trouble picking out what instrument
is being played in a lot of music - beyond simple instruments like guitars and drums.

26. Chatting
 Do you like chatting with friends?
Absolutely, I particularly enjoy chatting with my closest friends - not just small talk with
acquaintances. I take more pleasure in that than anything else - nothing is better to me than
meeting up for a milk tea and just going back and forth about what we’ve been watching on
TV, our work, relationship drama, all that stuff.
 What do you usually chat about with friends?
I chat with my friends about a wide range of topics as I was just detailing. We discuss our
daily lives, current events, hobbies, and sometimes even deeper subjects like our future
aspirations and personal challenges. It really depends on whom I’m talking to and the kind
of mood I’m in that day. I stay away from politics - that’s the one subject I think is best left
alone.
 Do you prefer to chat with a group of people or with only one friend?
I lack confidence in a group so I get on better with people one on one. I feel that I can be
myself and freely share what’s on my mind without fear of embarrassing myself. Also, I can
have more in-depth discussions and form a deeper personal connection with the other
person. That’s what I tell myself at least.
 Do you prefer to communicate face-to-face or via social media?
I definitely enjoy having face-to-face conversations more than chatting online. This is
because I can express my true feelings more easily without having to use emojis. Also, I can
see the other person’s expressions to get some feedback on what I’m saying. There’s really
no comparison between the two - one is pure utility and the other is actual connection and
conversation.

27. Rain
 Do you like rainy days? (Why/Why not?)
You know what, I actually do. Some people hate rainy days cuz it can get very wet and dirty
but it doesn't really matter if you stay inside. On those days, I love lying in my bed and
binge-watching TV series and listening to music while listening to the pitter patter of rain
outside.
 Does it rain much in your hometown? In what season does it rain the most?
Well, I’d say in Hanoi where I’m living, it rains quite a lot in summer and early autumn.
There’s a downpour almost every other day. Sometimes it pours for days on end, so you just
gotta remember to grab a raincoat or an umbrella before going out.

 How does rain affect (life in) your country?

In my country, Vietnam, rainfall has both positive and negative effects. Farmers, for
instance, are overjoyed when it rains because the crops need it and they’re most afraid of
droughts. Rain saves them the effort of manually irrigating their fields and also helps
conserve water. However, for others, rainy days can be quite bothersome. A worker on the
way to work might be delayed or get to work with wet socks. It’s also more likely you’ll get
into an accident on a rainy day.
 Would you prefer to have more rain or less rain (in your hometown)?
I’d go for more rainy days given the option. I'm actually pretty happy when it’s drizzling
because it keeps everything cool, especially during the scorching hot summer days in Hanoi
where I'm living.
 What do you usually do when it rains?
Well, as I said before, rain makes me feel lethargic, so when it’s overcast, I'd rather stay at
home, curled up on the couch with hot tea in hand while having a good read. Some other
days, I binge-watch some of my go-to shows and listen to a couple of melancholy songs.

28. Keeping healthy

 In what ways do you try to stay healthy?
I’ve recently tried to keep healthy by doing exercises and adopting a more balanced diet.
However, it’s easier said than done, so I have to keep in mind that it’s a process, a
marathon, not a sprint. I do fall off my diet and binge every once in a while, but I try to pick
myself up and get back to my good habits the next day.
 What do you think is more important, eating healthy or doing exercise?
It’s kinda a difficult question to answer but I would gravitate towards eating healthy. The
main reason is that a nutritionally balanced meal can definitely boost your energy levels and
have a greater impact on your overall health. As such, you’ll actually have the ability to do
more exercise and be active. And losing weight is all about diet as well - exercise is a very
minor element.

 What part of your lifestyle would you most like to make healthier?
I wish I could get to bed earlier. Recently, I’ve been snowed under with a heavy workload,
so I’ve always got dark bags under my eyes the next day. Ideally, I want to turn in before
midnight and not toss and turn the whole night.
29. Days off
 What do you do on your day off?
Actually, I’m kind of a homebody, so lounging around on my comfortable bed while
chilling with some music is my go-to. They might be a bit boring for some but I’m pretty
antisocial and I want to have a day all to myself.
 Do you usually spend your days off with your parents or with your friends?
Well, as I was saying, more often than not, I’m alone but I guess my friends over my parents
since I’m not living in my hometown. A day off or a long weekend is only really enough
time to chill with friends. That’s why long holidays are so precious to me because I get a
chance to catch up with my family.
30. Bags
 Do you usually carry a backpack? (Why/Why not?)
Yes, absolutely. I bring my backpack with me on a daily basis when commuting to work.
It’s not only handy but also has lots of space so that I can carry many necessary things like
makeups, skincares, snacks and so on.
 What kind of bag do you like to carry? (Why?)
I prefer small backpacks because they evenly distribute weight, offer ample storage and
organization, provide a hands-free experience, and are comfortable to carry. They also
combine functionality, comfort, and fashionable look, making them ideal for various
activities in my daily life.
 Do you often change bags? (Why/Why not?)
No, only once in a moon since I suppose they’re just errant things. I only purchase a new
one if my old bag is worn out or too old-fashioned. Added to that, I can also save my budget
if I don’t change this item regularly just to follow some latest trends.

31. Tea and coffee

 Do people in your country like tea and coffee?
Well, as far as I can tell tea and coffee are popular beverages worldwide. In just about every
country, people enjoy a cup of tea or coffee as part of their daily routine. It's not only about
the taste but also the comfort and energy it provides, and it’s no different in Vietnam where
there is a really big recent culture built up around coffee and naturally tea is culturally
important dating back centuries.
 Do you ever offer tea or coffee to guests when they visit your home?
Yes, absolutely, when I think of it. In Vietnam, offering tea or coffee to guests is a common
gesture of goodwill and puts your friends at ease. When friends or family visit, it's almost
automatic to ask if they'd like a cup of tea or coffee. I use a french press so that I can make a
few cups at once and keep a few kinds of green and herbal teas on hand as well.
 Do you think drinking tea or coffee is a common habit in your country?
Definitely, as I was just talking about. We usually offer tea or coffee to our guests when
they come over. Many people start their day with a cup of coffee to get an energy boost to
carry them through the day and many others like to drink tea to help them stay fit and
hydrated throughout the day - though I think tea might actually be a diuretic...
 Do you think people's preferences for tea and coffee change as they get older?
That's an interesting question and something I’ve never really given that much thought. Off
the top of my head, I guess it can vary from person to person. Some individuals may
develop a stronger preference for one over the other as they age, possibly due to health
considerations or personal taste. Others might stick with one. Coffee is stronger and tea is a
bit more mellow so I imagine older people are more in the habit of sipping on a cup of tea
throughout the day.

32. Inventions and inventors

 Can you name any other inventions that have made a big impact on human
society?
Absolutely, there are numerous inventions that have drastically shaped human society. One
of these is the advent of smartphones which has transformed the way we communicate,
access information, and perform daily tasks. These devices combine various technologies
into a compact form, enabling us to make calls, send messages, browse the internet, take
photos, and access a wide range of applications and services.
 What do you think make an invention “useful”?
An invention is generally considered "useful" when it satisfies a need or solves a problem
that many people experience. Additionally, a useful invention should be accessible and
affordable to a wide range of people so that it can have a widespread impact on society. For
example, the availability of low-cost smartphones has enabled millions of people to access
information, communication, and opportunities that were previously out of reach.
 What new invention(s) would you like to be available in the future?
I’d love to see advances in medical technology, such as AI-driven diagnostic tools, to make
quality healthcare accessible to everyone, no matter where they live. Besides, I also hope to
see advancements in education technology. I envision AI-based personalized learning
platforms that can adapt to each student's individual learning style, pace, and interests. This
could ensure that every child, regardless of their location or socio-economic background,
has access to high-quality, personalized education.

33. Ambition
 What are your career ambitions or goals?
Well, my main career ambition is to become a successful entrepreneur and create a business
that makes a positive impact in the world. I aspire to excel in my chosen profession and
bring innovative solutions to real-life problems and thereby contribute to society in a
meaningful way. What that will entail exactly, I don’t know.
 Is it important to have ambitions?
Absolutely, having ambitions is vital as they provide a sense of purpose, motivation, and
direction in life. Ambitions help us set goals and work towards achieving them, which can
lead to personal growth, fulfillment, and a sense of accomplishment. Without them, you
might find yourself adrift and subject to the whims of others.
 What were your ambitions when you were a child?
Surprisingly, my ambitions varied a lot at different times in childhood. At different ages, I
wanted to become a doctor, an astronaut, and even a professional athlete. As children, we
often dream big and explore various possibilities for our future without thinking about how
realistic they are.

34. Gifts
 Have you ever sent handmade gifts to others?
Indeed, I have. A few years back, I got really really into knitting. It began as a hobby to pass
the time, but soon, I was knitting scarves and hats for friends and family - it was addictive. I
got a real sense of pride from seeing someone wear something I made, knowing I had made
every stitch.
 Have you ever received a great gift?
Oh, for sure! Let me think of one to pick out… One of the best gifts I've received was a
surprise weekend getaway planned by my partner. I had been feeling stressed, really out of
it at the time and kind of low, and the trip was just the pick-me-up I needed. It showed me
how well he knows me and how much he cares. Too bad we’re not still together…
 What do you consider when choosing a gift?
Uhmmm… When picking out a gift, the first thing I focus on is the person's interests and
hobbies. I try to get something that aligns with what they love or might enjoy. And of
course, I always keep in mind my budget above all else. I really aim for gifts with a personal
touch behind them to show I've put genuine effort into the selection and to compensate for
the cheapness.
 Do you think you are good at choosing gifts?
I'd like to think so! I think I’ve developed a knack for picking up on subtle hints people
drop about things they'd like. Whether it's a book someone mentioned months ago or a
particular hobby they're passionate about, I try to tailor my gifts to their interests. It's always
rewarding to see their faces when and realize the thought that went into picking out their gift
- and it’s a way to show off the fact that I’m a good listener.

35. Volunteer (Charity)

 Do you ever give money to charity?
Absolutely! I’ve got a soft spot for animal rescue clinics, so I tend to set aside a small
portion of my earnings each month to support them regularly. Just knowing that I’m helping
give some furry friends a second chance makes it totally worth it and is money well spent in
my mind.
 Have you ever done any volunteer work?
Oh, yeah, for sure, one of the most rewarding times of my life. Back in college, I used to
volunteer at a local animal shelter on weekends. It really just involved cleaning up and
feeding the animals, but it felt good to help out and see those appreciative, wagging tails!
 Would you like to work as a volunteer?
Totally! I've always been drawn to the idea of giving back especially considering how much
I have to be grateful for in my life. Volunteering is not just about helping others but also
about learning and growing personally - it’s for me more than them. Whether it's at an
animal shelter or a community event, I'd be keen to pitch in in any way that might be
helpful.
 What can you do to help if you have little money?
Well, you know, money isn't the only way to make a difference. If I didn't have any money
to give, I'd offer my time and skills, like I was saying before. Maybe volunteer at local
organizations, tutor kids, or even just be there for someone who needs emotional support or
companionship. Sometimes, a sympathetic ear or a pair of helping hands can be as valuable,
if not more so, than financial support. You might think these acts are tiny, but they can
genuinely brighten someone's day and they add up in the aggregate for sure.

36. Neighbor
 Do you think neighbors are important?
In my opinion, neighbors definitely hold a community together and shouldn’t be dismissed
or ignored. They're often the ones we turn to in times of need, whether it's borrowing a cup
of sugar or seeking help during an emergency. Beyond just the practical aspects, I’m friends
with lots of my neighbors and that enriches my life in a thousand subtle unseen ways.
 Have you ever borrowed something from your neighbors or lent something to
them?
Definitely! One of the best parts about living in a close-know neighborhood is the sense of
community. Not too long ago, I borrowed some books from my next-door neighbor and, in
exchange, I lent her some of my board games. It's a great way to build a bond and discover
shared interests - or even to put someone else in your debt so you can call in a favor
someday down the line.
 How can we get along with our neighbors?
From what I've observed, a simple smile or a friendly wave when you see them can make a
big difference and brighten up someone’s otherwise dreary day. Just being approachable and
friendly, you know? I also believe that being considerate, like not playing loud music late at
night, is a great way to keep the peace. And if there's a problem, having a chat over a cup of
tea works wonders. It's all about understanding and respect at the end of the day. If you
smile at someone, it’s almost impossible for them not to smile back.
 Do you think it's important to have a good relationship with your neighbors?
Why or why not?
I reckon it's crucial to maintain a good rapport with neighbors. Firstly, it ensures a
supportive environment; if you're ever in need or in a jam, you can rely on them for help.
Secondly, a tight-knit community tends to be safer as neighbors watch out for each other. If
you see a stranger hanging around their place, you can let them know. Plus, it's always nice
to have friendly chats or share different odds and ends, making daily life more pleasant and
frugal.

37. Children’s play

 What do you think are the major differences between indoor children’s play
and outdoor children’s play?
Well, the major differences between indoor and outdoor play include the environment and
types of activities, that’s pretty self-evident. Indoor play takes place in a confined area of a
room may involve quieter, structured activities like board games or arts and crafts. Or it
could be a big indoor area like a basketball court or indoor football pitch. Outdoor play
happens in a natural environment and offers greater opportunities for physical exertion,
social interaction, as well as connection with nature.
 Do you think children develop different abilities from playing outdoors,
compared to playing indoors?
Mm, let me think for a second... As I said before, playing indoors and outdoors typically
nurtures different kinds of skills. To be more specific, playing outdoors promotes physical
fitness, teamwork, and gross motor skills as they run, climb, and play games like basketball,
football, and tag. Meanwhile, playing indoors is more likely to enhance cognitive
development, such as your memory, concentration, and language skills, as children may be
doing more reading, storytelling, and playing educational games. But there are exceptions,
naturally.
 Can you suggest any way to encourage children to play outdoors more?
Well, there are several methods to inspire children to spend more time outside. For example,
we can organize dedicated outdoor family activities such as picnics, hiking, biking, and
scavenger hunts or anything that aligns with children's interests. In addition, parents can
organize playdates with other children since they’re more likely to engage in outdoor play
when they have peers to play with. Kids just need the right situation and they will take care
of the playing part themselves.
 Do you think it’s important for parents to supervise their children when they
play outdoors?
Yes, it’s crucial for parents to supervise their children when they play outdoors, especially
at younger ages. Parents are responsible for preventing potential conflicts, accidents, and
injuries. If emergencies arise, parents can provide immediate assistance. Even just little
things like a scraped knee or runny nose that needs a parent’s touch.
 What do 2-3-year-old children do when they play?
Toddlers have an abundance of energy and you can expect all the normal stuff; they may
run, jump, climb, and explore their environment. They also love role-playing activities, such
as pretending to cook, taking care of dolls or stuffed animals, or acting out everyday
routines like going grocery shopping. Their play is defined by energy and uninhibited
imagination.

38. Fixing things

 Do you like to fix things? (Why/Why not?)
Absolutely, I relish the opportunity to fix things. I relish the challenge of testing out my
problem-solving skills and I love the feeling I get when I get an old watch working again or
am able to fix a leaky faucet.

 Who taught you how to fix things when you were young?
When I was younger, my father, he'd often involve me in various home repair projects,
patiently explaining the process and allowing me to assist him where I could. Through
hands-on experience and guidance, I learned a great deal about diagnosing problems and
performing repairs on household items like fridges, toilets, and furniture.
 What do you do when something is broken and cannot be fixed?
I usually dispose of it responsibly. However, if it was expensive or has sentimental value, I
may try to find a specialist who can fix it or search for alternative solutions. That happened
once with an old watch that I had no idea how to get working again.
TOPIC 1:
PERSON
1. Describe a person to whom you are very close in your family
You should say:
 What relation this person is to you
 What this person looks like
 What kind of person he/she is
And explain why you like this person.

Answer:

Out of everyone in my family, the one I’m closest to is probably my uncle Minh. I resemble
him more than anyone else in the family: same brown eyes, stubby nose, fair skin, and black
hair - though we all have that of course. He’s about ten centimeters taller than me and he has
a pronounced scar on his leg thanks to a nasty motorcycle accident he had a few years back.
In terms of his temperament, he’s different from me - normally, he’s rather aloof, doesn’t
talk much, even with close family. Also, he can be brutally honest, really, really frank, with
his opinions to the point he offends a lot of people. However, once you get to know him, my
uncle can be friendly and chatty, especially when it comes to the topic of anime - he’s a
diehard and can rattle shows and plotlines off the top of his head.

One of the clearest memories I have when it comes to my uncle is the time when he took me
on a motorcycle trip around the outskirts of the city. I was there running an errand and he
invited me to ride around with him on the back. He owns a black vintage Triumph
motorcycle - a really nice, classic looking style. Once I got on the bike, put on my helmet,
and we got out of the heart of the city, it was cool and I felt like I was part of a biker gang.
There wasn’t much in the way of sights but the drive itself was cool.

I like spending time with my uncle because he’s laid back and we just get on really well. We
never lack for topics of discussion.

Part 3:
 Is family important in your country?
Of course, no different from any other country I imagine. We do take family especially
seriously like in most other East Asian countries like China and Japan. We in Vietnam feel
it is only fair to honor and respect our family given the debt of gratitude we owe them - we
stand on the shoulders of giants. If we don’t then it will be a source of shame to us if
someone calls us out on it, which is something that we very much want to avoid. In my
view, it’s important to hold family in high regard and keep up appearances.
 How do you think the traditional family structure will change in the future?
Yeah, I think there will be fewer children in a typical family. Young people are becoming
more aware of how difficult it is to raise a kid, let alone more than one. When they get older
and start a family of their own, a lot of people now decide to only raise one child so it will
become less of a financial and emotional burden. Personally, if I were to start a family, I’d
want to be able to focus fully on raising one child well.
 What role do grandparents play in the family in your country?
Grandparents in Vietnam play a number of roles. For one, they are caregivers to their
grandchildren when the parents are busy - they’re often on emergency babysitting duty. For
another, in more traditional parts of the country they still serve as heads of the family. As
they are the most senior members with the most life experience, they are always informed
about major decisions and family members seek out their advice.
 Who do you think should be responsible for the care of the elderly, families or
the government?
I think both families and the government can share the responsibility of taking care of the
elderly. Family members can provide emotional and practical, day-to-day support. They can
be there to meet their immediate needs as well as be present in their lives so that they don’t
feel lonely. The government can offer financial and medical support. They could - and
maybe do? - provide them with a pension to ensure that they don’t dip below the poverty
line or suffer unduly from treatable medical conditions.
 Why is the number of families living together in the same house decreasing in
modern times?
I think it boils down to some family members wanting independence and not to be held back
by tradition. parents, for instance, may want to live separately from their own parents to
show that they are capable of being on their own, raising their children and holding down
their jobs. And a burgeoning middle class makes this a financial option. In the past, maybe
people had to live together out of necessity - it’s not typically an ideal living environment
unless everyone is laid back and easy-going.
2. Describe a popular person (who) you know
You should say:
 Who this person is
 What this person does
 How you know them (= him or her)
And explain why (you think) they are popular.

Answer:

One of our most celebrated national icons is footballer Nguyen Cong Phuong. He plays for
the Vietnam national football team as well as Hoang Anh Gia Lai Club as a striker, meaning
that he is responsible for putting the ball back to the net. However, Vietnamese people
mostly know him for his performances for the national team since Vietnamese club football
is not particularly popular. During his tenure in the national team, he has helped them win
the 2018 AFF Championship as well as make it to the quarter-finals of the 2019 Asian Cup,
which were pretty impressive considering how they are not typically one of the best national
teams in Asia. Cong Phuong is often compared to the legendary Lionel Messi due to their
similar physique and style of play, as they both swiftly cut through the defense and score
goals.

Nguyen Cong Phuong is considered a popular figure in Vietnam because not only his
footballing skills are superlative but also because of how instrumental he was in elevating
the prestige of the national team. His performances alone have brought the team to a whole
new level on the international stage, so much so that native non-football fans are now
paying attention to how the team is performing in Asian and global competitions. As for
myself, I quite like seeing Cong Phuong running on the pitch and clinically scoring goals to
boost our national pride. I also like how he is a nice guy off the field, as shown by how he
takes the time to greet the fans as well as give money to various local charities to help those
who are financially disadvantaged.

Part 3:
 What kinds of people are popular?
I’d say that easygoing and outgoing personalities are often the most popular people in any
given friend group. They’re the people who are always up to start up conversations and
don’t take themselves too seriously. In addition, they’re the most likely to organize parties
and get-togethers. They know how to get everyone involved and make sure everyone forgets
their worries and has a good time. It’s no wonder why these people are generally well-liked
by everyone.
 Can you explain why some students at school are more popular than others?
One reason - sometimes - is that they may have rich parents and so their peers look up to
them as the pinnacle of what they want in life and try to flatter them to curry favor. They
may - even on an unconscious level - seek to use them to get the things they want. Another
reason is they may have special skills that other students don’t have. For example, a student
can make his name because he knows taekwondo and so he’s seen as cool by other students.
Any interesting talent can do that.
 Do you think a popular teacher is always a good teacher?
I suppose so since a teacher can only really get popular if they are good at what they do and
make the lessons engaging for students. If teachers don’t deliver engaging lessons, then
students are less likely to grasp the lessons and also will find them boring, thus impairing
their motivation to continue studying. But there might be situations where a teacher is really
easy for example or funny but not actually that great at teaching.
 Do you think it's easier to be popular if you are wealthy than if you are poor?
I think so. Most people look up to those who are affluent because they are the epitome of
success and therefore, they will be held in higher regard than those who are poor. Society
has taught us that there is no nobility in being poor and so it has conditioned us to strive to
earn as much money as we can and not be left behind. But sometimes it can cut the other
way - some rich kids come off as spoiled and they may be less imaginative and creative than
kids who prioritize things in life that are more important than money.

 Can you explain why some people are popular (or famous) for many years while
others are only popular (or famous) for a short time?
I think it comes down to their achievements. A person is much more likely to be renowned
for many years because the work they have done will stand the test of time. For example,
Brad Pitt has maintained his fame for many years because audiences of all ages continue to
enjoy the movies he has produced over a long and varied career. That’s not the case for
some one-hit wonders - certain singers or actors who don’t take their careers seriously and
end up doing a bunch of bad roles just for the money - at least they’ll be popular for a bit
and get rich.

3. Describe an irritating colleague

You should say:
 Who is he/she
 How you know him/her
 What he/she does
And explain why you think he/she is an irritating person.

Answer:

In one of my previous jobs working as an ordinary office worker at an accounting firm, I

had an especially annoying colleague who really stuck out - for all the wrong reasons -
named Peter. He was a junior accountant who worked with the software companies,
insurance firms and banks we had signed as an intermediary. At one point, he even scored
an account with Apple, doing some of their international accounting for about a year.
Honestly, a stroke of luck in my opinion but it really bugged him up. We worked in
completely separate divisions, but we’d almost always cross paths because our cubicles
weren’t that far apart - to my great dismay. We’d also often see each other during lunch
break at the company cafeteria - I’d do my best to avoid sitting with him. Every once in a
while, we’d make small talk but not for long.

We didn’t get along at all. He was insufferable really. For one, he was in the bad habit of
burping loudly in public. His burps were so loud and so frequent that it drove me and my
co-workers nuts - we’d give him side-eye all the time but he never picked up on it. We
eventually started to tell him to stop over and over but it had no effect - it emboldened him
even. For another, he’d often stick his nose in other people’s business. I think he’d butt in
because of a compulsive tendency to be the center of attention - he’d always interrupt
conversations and chime in with his thoughts without any prompting.
Part 3:
 How do you usually interact with colleagues at work?
I would normally interact with my co-workers by just talking with them briefly about the
work we need to get done and asking for the necessary materials for the task at hand - files,
ledgers, stationery… Other than that, I try to avoid co-workers at all costs because of how
annoying it is to waste time at work. I just want to get my work done and go home and lie
down until work the next day.
 Do you prefer working alone or with others?
I prefer to work alone because I can better focus on the work itself and not get distracted. If
I work with others, then I often get sidetracked chit chatting about this and that. However,
when I have to work on a group project, I'm willing to compromise and work with others
since it is necessary to the success of the project - I just try to keep everyone on task and
minimize tangents.
 Which do you think is more important, colleagues or work itself?
I think there’s no question that the people are more important even though it is the job itself
that gets me paid in the end. At the end of the day, all of that money doesn’t add up to much
in life if you don’t have meaningful relationships. I think this is objectively true and I can
prove it: Think back on your best moments at work, the times that stand out - they surely
include laughing and joking and working with others rather than meeting some corporate
goal that enriches a rich executive you’ve never even met.
 In your opinion, what qualities or behaviors make someone a good colleague to
work with?
I think one key quality for a colleague to be good to work with is being a good listener. If
someone at work has a problem and needs a helping hand, then to provide a really
comprehensive solution you have to understand the problem inside and out - then the
solution will be more or less obvious. Another important quality would be for the colleague
to be able to think on their feet. When time is of the essence, it may be necessary to
improvise and in that case, you’re an asset if you can think of a solution to a problem on the
spot - like superheros and secret agents do all the time in action movies.
 Is it important to maintain positive working relationships with colleagues in a
professional setting?
I think so. If all employees in a workplace maintain a positive attitude towards each other,
then there will be greater unity and momentum towards achieving the same goals and they
will be more willing to help each other out in times of need. If everyone has a negative
attitude, then they may be left to fend for themselves and the environment may feel overly
competitive and cutthroat. That can be fun in small doses but isn’t best for the long-term
health of a given organization.

4. Describe an old friend you got in contact with again

You should say:
 Who he or she is
 What he or she is like
 How you got in contact
And explain how you felt about it.

Answer:

I recently caught up with an old friend of mine named Devin who I hadn’t seen in ages. He
used to go to the same school as me and we were both in the same class - 2015. Right now,
he’s working for an engineering company based in San Francisco and is happily married (as
far as I can tell). When we first met at school, I didn’t talk to him right away since he used
to tease me because I was really shy and introverted back then. I’d just ignore his jabs and
get on with my day. However, he grew out of that phase and I started to be more confident
and vocal and eventually he made an effort to strike up a friendship. Since then, we’ve been
thick as thieves and we’re both big football fans so that’s something for us to chat about.

I got in back contact with Devin just by chance. I was grabbing a coffee in a café on a
chilled -out Sunday afternoon and by complete coincidence he strolled in to get a coffee.
When he caught sight of me, he beamed and rushed over to greet me. We caught up about
what had been going on in our lives since we last saw each other. I told him that I was
working as an auditor for KPMG and I was living in an apartment just around the corner -
just getting by, to be honest. He told me about settling down in San Francisco and how he
met his wife. It was cool to get that chance to get back in touch and since then we’ve
messaged a bit but I doubt we’ll ever be close friends again unless he moves back to
Vietnam or I go live and work in The Bay Area.

Part 3:
 What is the influence of social media on friendships?
On the one hand, social media can help to sustain a friendship when you’re not living in the
same place any more. If one person is living far away from a friend, that person can use
applications like Facebook or Instagram to catch up and remain close despite being
geographically far apart. On the other hand, social media can cause friendships to become
emotionally distant in my opinion. It can replace face-to-face communication as people
might start to feel less of a need to go out of their way to actually meet others. You might
just shoot off a message and feel that does the job and meet up less frequently, over time
leading to a relationship that is little different than a conversation with Chat-GPT.
 Why do people lose contact with each other after graduation?
I think it’s because they usually go their separate ways and are so focused on making it
through college that they gradually forget about their friends from high school - it’s natural
and normal. Some high schools make an effort to ensure that their graduates don’t forget
about their friends by organizing reunions. They’re opportune occasions for graduates to
catch up with their friends every once in a while so that they can remain in contact with
each other. But even that is just a half-measure - life catches up with everyone and everyone
feels the time squeeze by the time they enter the workforce and start thinking about having a
family.

 Do you think old friends are more important to older or younger generations?
I think sticking with old friends is important to any generation and it really doesn’t come
down to age in any meaningful way. While it can certainly help to make new friends, it
should come at the expense of forgetting our old ones. They were there for us early on and
thus we should be there for them and be grateful for their company. If we ignore our old
friends, then they’ll likely resent us and we’ll have regret as we get older. What good is it
giving up on friendships to focus on a job we don’t really care about that much anyway?.
  Does friendship influence you in your personal life?
I’d say yes to a certain extent. It’s important to have friends to guide you in the right
direction when you’re unsure about your direction in life. Also, your friends can be a source
of joy and lift your mood in dark moments. This has certainly been the case for me as I turn
to friends for advice whenever I have problems with work or relationships. I don't think
anyone would argue that friends have no impact on them at all.
 What is the best way, in your opinion, to stay in touch with friends?
I would say that to keep friendships alive and thriving, it really helps to catch up with them
once in a while, whether it be through social media or in person - regardless of what I said
before, haha. It’s always nice to chat and do things together with friends as it more or less
guarantees that they will be there for you when times are tough. For example, a group of
friends can simply meet for coffee and then catch up about what’s been going on in their
lives. The whole point of having a friend is fundamentally selfish - someone who will feel
obligated to sympathize with you when you’re not in the best place.

5. Describe a person who just moved into your community and brought positive
influence
You should say:
 Who this person is
 When and where this person moved to your community
 How you know this person
And explain how you feel about this person.

Answer:

Just last month we had a new neighbor move in named Jack. He is a more or less retired
shopkeeper at a nearby convenience store just a few hundred metres from my house and he
lives just as close to me as well. He’s currently 65 years old and he moved to the
neighborhood because he just retired and he was looking for some peace and quiet in his
later years. He’s been a real positive influence on the community over the years not only
selling things people need at any given moment but also by having a positive attitude -
helping to uplift the community. As such, many people in the neighborhood see him as a
sort of father figure and look to him in times of need.

I got to know Jack visiting his shop dozens of times and having little chats with him all the
times I dropped by. He told me that prior to moving to my neighborhood, he used to be a car
salesman in another city for over 30 years or so I think but he had aspirations of opening up
a convenience store after retiring to keep himself busy and have flexible hours. Sometimes
he would recommend me new snacks or drinks to me and he was pretty spot on most of the
time. I overall enjoy having Jack as a neighbour because of his positive outlook on life and
the easy-going way he has approached retirement. Hopefully he’ll stay in the neighborhood
for a very long time and enjoy his retirement to the fullest.

Part 3:
 What kinds of people tend to live by themselves?
I guess that would tend to be more introverted and not particularly social kinds of folk. They
may be that way because they might experience social anxiety when interacting with others
so when they are alone they can feel more at ease. People who live alone also tend to be
those who prefer peace and quiet. They may not like living with a roommate since they may
make a lot of noise and get under their skin over time.
 What skills do you think young people need to learn in order to live
independently?
For one, they need to learn how to cook - even something simple they can whip up on their
way out the door. Since their parents won’t be there to cook for them, they should learn
basic recipes and cooking techniques - basic life skills y’know. For another, they need to
learn how to clean up after themselves. It’s important to maintain your personal hygiene -
doing the washing up and sweeping up and doing their laundry - everything that goes into
keeping your house in order.
 How can parents and teachers help young people to live independently?
Teachers can help young people live independently by doing home economics classes where
they can learn the basic skills necessary to get by on their own. These classes can teach
students skills like cooking and cleaning so that they won't feel lost at sea when they’re
setting out on their own.
  Who have more difficulty when moving home? Young or old people?
I think all people regardless of their age face difficulties in moving home but old people
more so I suppose. Young people might find it hard since they may not feel ready yet to
move into a home on their own after being used to living with their parents for so long. Old
people though have had an even higher level of comfort and moving house can pose a heavy
physical toll - moving heavy boxes, looking around for a new place, etc.
 Is it good to move house frequently?
I would say no since it creates instability and wastes time and energy. If people move house
too often then they might not get accustomed to their new surroundings and the local
community. They will also likely have less time to find and settle into a new job that will
guarantee them a stable income. Thus, it’s best to move into a new home and settle in for at
least 2 years before deciding to move house again in my opinion.

6. Describe a person you know who likes to help others

You should say:
 Who this person is
 How you know them him or her
 What kind of person he or she is
And explain why this person likes to help others.

Answer:

I’ve got a person in mind named Quang Linh who has a remarkable passion for helping
others. While some just take advantage of volunteer work to feel good about themselves or
balance out their bad deeds, Quang Linh’s genuine empathy is apparent right off the bat to
everyone who watches his videos.

Quang Linh is a passionate content creator known for his entertaining and informative
videos. He’s got a charismatic personality and a knack for storytelling and has gained a
significant following by sharing his experiences, adventures, and insights through his vlog. I
first came across one of his videos a couple weeks back and did a deep dive on all his old
stuff after that.

He’s not only a successful content creator but also a dedicated individual who actively
engages in philanthropist work, using his platform and influence to make a positive impact
on his local community. One of his most impressive achievements is in Africa. Here, he has
actively participated in initiatives such as building schools, providing educational resources,
and organizing scholarships for underprivileged students. These efforts have been
empowering young minds and contributing to the development of future generations in a
continent that still lags behind other parts of the world in key indicators for quality of life.

Overall, Quang Linh's involvement in education and various charitable causes showcases
his dedication to making a meaningful impact on society. Through his actions and advocacy,
he truly serves as an inspiration to others including me, demonstrating that even small acts
of kindness and charity can create significant change and contribute to building a better
world.

Part 3:
 Do people in your country like helping others?
I don’t know if people like it per se - it feels more like an obligation to me. It’s our
responsibility to help others as much as we can. An obligation is something that we do not
necessarily enjoy but we still do it anyway because we have to. If we make an effort to help
others in some way, all of society will be better for it. Ultimately, that is still selfish though
since we get a feeling of satisfaction from helping others.

 Why do some people not like to help others?

One justification might be that they may like to let other people figure things out on their
own. They might believe that people should learn to do things independently in order to
grow into self-sufficient, mature adults. It could also be that there may not be other people
around to help them out and so they have to cope with getting by on their own. They could
also just be downright selfish and only ever consider their own needs, just look out for
number 1.
 What are some ways that neighbors can help each other?
One way would be to organize a neighborhood cleaning drive. This is where everyone living
in the neighborhood comes together and picks up trash strewn about on the street. Another
way would be to establish a neighborhood watch group where people can join in and
participate in keeping their neighborhood safe. Those are big solutions though. The easiest
way is just to help out here and there in the course of a regular day.
 Do you think community spirit has increased (or improved) compared to years
ago, or has it decreased?
I think there’s less community spirit now generally because people are beginning to
embrace their individuality more and more. People today are obsessed with forging their
own identity and path in life instead of doing things for the greater good of the community.
That’s what older people tell me at least. Also, social media plays a big part in all this.
Many people these days are so preoccupied with their social media accounts that they
neglect in-person contact with others, and over time that just gets worse and worse.
 How can people have good relations with their neighbours?
One way would be simply to strike up a conversation with your neighbours. All you need to
do is to just try to talk to them about anything, be it work, family or common interests and
that can be the beginning of a closer relationship. Another way would be to host a party with
your neighbours. A party is an opportune occasion for everyone to come together and have
fun and get to know each other. That way you can chat with neighbours about whatever is
on your mind and see if you’ve got anything in common.

 What do you think are the advantages of having good relations with one's
neighbours?
One benefit would be that your neighbours will be more willing to help you out if you’re in
a jam. If you develop a good rapport with them and help them with whatever they need, then
they’re more likely to help you in return. It’s a transactional relationship. You could for
example ask them to water your plants on holiday and you might babysit for them from time
to time. Another merit would be that the neighbourhood itself will feel more like a
community and the likelihood of a conflict occurring within it will be lower.
7. Describe a person who enjoys cooking for others
You should say:
 Who this person is
 What he/she likes to cook
 Who he/she cooks for
And explain why he/she enjoys cooking.

Answer:

I used to live in a neighborhood with a fairly diverse population relative to other areas.
There were people from many different countries living together ranging from some
Japanese and Indians to Mexicans and Africans. Every Sunday, we’d have a neighborhood
get-together - a block party almost - where everyone brings their own food and drink. While
all of us would bring this or that decent dish, there was one person’s food that we were most
excited to eat and that was Alberta’s.

Alberta was an American who had moved to my neighborhood for work and she enjoyed
cooking comfort food from the Southern United States like fried chicken, waffles, oxtail,
sweet potatoes and collard greens since she is originally from that region. She told me that
she was taught these recipes as a child by her mother and they’d been in the family for
generations - takes on regional specialties. Alberta really relished cooking for others - I
think it was, still is I’m sure, one of the great pleasures in her life. Also, she once told me
she wanted people to experience the food from her region as not many are all that familiar
with it. Not the healthiest food I’d concede but really good and memorable.

She also once mentioned to me that she really loves the process of whipping up dishes - I
could tell she was a very hands-on person. I think she was successful in the time she lived in
my neighborhood in bringing some southern flair to our corner of the globe.

Part 3:
 Have you ever cooked for others?
No, not in a real way. I cook for myself all the time but that’s different - I don't have to
stress out about someone else’s palate. Also, I’ve never really invited people over to my
house before so I haven’t had an opportunity to whip up a meal for others. Perhaps someday
I’ll change that by hosting a small dinner party with friends but it’s not a prospect I’m
looking forward to.
 What do we need to prepare before cooking?
It goes without saying but we need to prepare the ingredients for the recipe in question.
Sometimes you can make substitutions but sometimes you really need everything in the
recipe. For example, to make nachos we need cheese, nacho chips, red beans, guacamole
and salsa. Without the cheese, the nachos will be bland. We also need to get ready all the
tools we need. For example, to cook fried eggs we need a frying pan and a spatula. If the
recipe is complex, then there may be a lot of prep cutting things up too - or marinating
meats for example.
 Is food an important part of Vietnamese festivals?
Oh for sure. For example, banh chung is a cake that is traditionally eaten during the Lunar
New Year and it symbolizes the earth. It’s a bit tricky to describe in English but it’s
basically a sticky, glutinous cake made from rice I suppose and with a filling inside - pork
and spices and a type of bean I believe. We also eat mooncake during the Mid-Autumn
Festival and they obviously symbolize the moon. Needless to say, food is integral to our
celebrations and I’d even go so far as to say it’s the best part of the holidays.
 Do you think cooking should be a compulsory or elective course? Why?
I think cooking should be compulsory. In some ways it might put too much pressure on
students as they already have enough on their plate when it comes to other subjects. But if
you think about it, there are lots of things you learn at school that never really come in
handy in the real world. Cooking isn’t like that. You’ll certainly need to cook and getting in
some experience early means you’ll be less likely to waste money eating out or hinder your
long-term health going for easy options like fast food.
 Are there any differences between cooking today and in the past?
In the past, national cuisines hardly ever mixed together. Nowadays, thanks to globalization,
there are restaurants popping up specializing in fusion cuisine, where two or more
seemingly disparate cuisines are combined into one - such as western and asian foods or
obvious examples like Tex-Mex. Also, cooking these days now involves more experimental
techniques such as molecular gastronomy as a way to push past traditional cooking
paradigms.
8. Describe a foreigner you know who speaks your language (Vietnamese) well
You should say:
 Who this person is
 Where he/she is from
 How he/she learns Vietnamese
And explain why he/she can speak Vietnamese well.

Answer:

I once had an American boss named Jack who could speak Vietnamese very well - really
surprisingly well, in fact. I was working for his company - an import / export firm in Hanoi
and my job was basically to be a lowly intern. More specifically, I was assigned the boss’s
junior secretary, which more or less entailed arranging meetings, filing paperwork and
contacting clients on the boss’s behalf. If there’s one thing I didn’t need to do, it was to be
an interpreter because Jack was fluent enough in Vietnamese to get by conversationally,
more so than most of my foreigner friends.

Jack moved to Vietnam in the mid-1990s from somewhere in the American Midwest I
believe. Prior to that, he had worked in Montana and California in the agriculture industry as
a middleman for large retail chains like Walmart and Target. When I asked him how he had
become so adept in Vietnamese, he told me that he had lived in the country for almost 25
years and just picked it up in the course of having daily conversations with locals.
Sometimes he’d attend a more structured Vietnamese class but most of the time, it came
about naturally. He told me that the best way to learn a language is to actually practice it
with native speakers in real communicative contexts. I’ve taken his advice to heart though
it’s tricky to immerse myself in English since I’m not living abroad.

Part 3:
 What foreign languages do Vietnamese children learn?
Most of the time, Vietnamese children learn English as parents and schools know it will
give them an edge when it comes to future education and employment prospects. As such,
there has been a boom in the number of English teaching centres opening up over the past
decade. Sometimes, students also learn Korean thanks to the popularity of K-pop and K-
dramas, but they learn it on their own generally as it is not part of the national curriculum.
  Why are so many people learning English?
Like I said before, it’s because people see it as a way to get a leg up or even just a
prerequisite these days. Countries around the world have adopted English as a business
language since most transactions and deals are conducted in English as a lingua franca Also,
much of the world follows what Western countries are doing as a model of success and they
see using English as part of that model to emulate.
 How can children learn English?
Children can learn English by reading picture books. They can associate the words with the
pictures and from there they’ll figure out how to describe something in English. That’s the
natural way to learn and much better than any textbook. Children can also learn English
through online applications like Duolingo or Babbel. They have exercises that go through
common vocabulary and grammar through repetition exercises. They also have rewards that
motivate children to keep going, but I think these apps are actually a poor way to learn and
should just be supplemental.

 Do you think the way people learn English today is the same as in the past?
I think there has been a change in how people learn English today compared to the past.
These days, there has been widespread adoption of technology in learning English. With the
help of computers and smartphones, students can more easily look up the meanings of
words and the correct context to use them in. People can also use applications in their free
time like Duolingo, allowing them to learn at their own pace. This wasn’t possible in the
past, as students had to learn in classes which were more structured and less flexible.
Though you could always read a book - lots of people in the past were self-taught.
 What are the benefits of the internet for learning?
I think for one, the Internet is a helpful source of information. It is home to so many
websites and documents that contain just about every bit of information ever recorded in
human history. Therefore, users can almost instantly search for the information they need
and use it for work or study or just when they’re curious. For another, it can encourage
greater flexibility in learning. Online courses allow students to study at their own pace any
time any place - as opposed to studying at school where they have to be in the classroom on
time and all go at the same speed through lessons.
9. Describe someone you don’t know but would like to know more about
You should say:
 Who this person is
 How you knew him/her
 What interesting things he/she has done
And explain why you want to know more about him/her.

Answer:

I once met a woman named Abby at a function for environmental protection some years
back. We met and chatted briefly before she left the function a few hours before it was
supposed to end. From what I can remember from our conversation - it’s been a while - she
told me she was a zoologist for the Wildlife Conservation Society in the UK. She
specialized in tracing the origins of various primates - monkeys, gorillas, chimpanzees and
what not - and also making governmental recommendations concerning conservation
strategies. Looking back on it, I see her as following in the footsteps of Jane Goodall. In
fact, she told me she was inspired by Goodall to engage in work and awareness-raising
concerning the welfare of primates.

Even though our conversation was short, it did inspire me to learn more about her so I went
on the Internet and researched a little bit about her work. It turns out that she is currently the
project coordinator for a couple of conservation projects in Africa relating to the protection
of endangered primates. Those projects have been successful in reviving dwindling
population figures for chimpanzees, lemurs, gorillas and baboons. Abby has also been
awarded numerous prizes for her work from the WWF and Greenpeace - all very impressive
stuff.

I wanted to know more about Abby because I found her work to be very outside the norm
and fascinating. I’m an animal lover myself and want to see all animals flourish and to see
someone doing that kind of work for the betterment of nature is really inspiring to me.
Hopefully I can meet her someday to go more in-depth on some wildlife conservation
efforts and to figure out ways I might be able to contribute.

Part 3:
  Do you have friends who are very different from you?
I have a very multicultural friend circle. I’m Asian but I know Europeans, Africans,
Hispanics, and other Asians. Another difference between myself and my friends is that we
hold different opinions on various topics. We don’t agree on everything all the time and that
is fine, since having our own opinions is what makes us individuals after all.
 Do people feel lonely in crowded cities?
I think sometimes they do for sure. Being around tons of people but not knowing them on a
first-name basis can be tough. In contrast, if people were to live in a village for instance,
they may feel less lonely because even though there are fewer people, they feel closer to
them. That’s why modern cities are often described as anonymous, alienating, and isolating
- it’s a wonder that we all choose to live in them…
 Where and how can people get to know new people?
People can meet others in public settings like a park or a restaurant. It’s less common now
that people are always on their devices but you can strike up conversations with anyone.
From there it is possible to create new friendships over shared hobbies. It’s also possible to
make new friends in clubs or groups that are centered around a particular hobby like board
games or cycling for instance. That way they can bond over their common passion for that
hobby.
 Why do individuals from the same family have different personalities?
I think it’s largely because of who these individuals mingle with most of the time outside
the family. For example, a father might be an energetic and cheerful person because he
hangs out with equally cheerful people at work and the mother might be a bookish and timid
person because she bonds with equally introverted, self-conscious people. Ultimately,
people’s traits are mostly influenced by the behaviour and personality of their peers, friends,
co-workers...
 How does society influence a person’s personality?
That’s an incredibly broad question but I think society gives most people a model to
emulate. Society has rules on what is and isn’t acceptable behaviour and so people strive to
adopt these pro-social behaviours. These behaviours then mark them out publicly as well-
mannered and functioning, upstanding members of society. If they can’t adopt these
behaviours, then they’ll stick out as antisocial and unfit for society.
10. Describe a person who has interesting ideas and opinions
You should say:
 Who this person is
 How you know this person
 What interesting ideas/opinions he/she
And explain you think why his/her ideas are interesting.

Answer:

I have a friend - a colleague actually - Jake - who has really weird, out-of-the-box opinions
on everything. I’m a software engineer and Jake is in marketing - some kind of executive I
believe. We often meet up around lunch or after work to hang out and so I can pick his brain
about a bunch of zany topics. For example, he always rants about how AI will spell the
doom of humanity by taking away jobs and becoming self-aware to the point where it can
overthrow humanity. That’s not such an odd opinion actually - I’ve heard people parrot
those ideas a ton of times. He also goes on about how the Earth is actually flat, not round.
He presented me with so-called ‘evidence’ of the Earth being flat - he’s a flat-earther, so
that tells you a lot about him.

However, by far the most controversial and subversive opinion Jake has is the fact that there
should be no national governments at all and instead countries should be run by
corporations. Individuals would therefore have to fend for themselves yet they would be
free to do whatever they wanted to do. This is a very libertarian, almost anarchist proposal.
He believes that the concept of a government severely limits personal and financial freedom
and thus shouldn’t exist. Even though I massively disagree with this opinion, I still find it
interesting because it sort of reveals how Jake values personal freedom above all else,
perhaps a bit to the extreme. I just hope he never gets a position of authority beyond doing
some marketing for our company.

Part 3:
 When do you think children start to have their own opinions?
I think that around the age of 7 or 8, children should start to form their own opinions, that’s
my best guess at least. At that age, they’ve learned a lot from their parents and from school
and they start to be a bit more independent. Children younger than 7 years old don’t really
know what an opinion is and they often rely on their parents for cues about how to act and
talk. When kids become self-conscious and start to be self-critical that starts the maturation
process that will continue, if they’re lucky, for the rest of their lives.
 Are children’s opinions influenced by their parents?
Of course, how could they not be? Parents generally have more knowledge, experience and
wisdom than their children, so they look to them when it comes to how to behave and talk
and what to think of the world. Parents would have their own opinions about life and
children parrot them up until a certain age. However, once children grow up and are further
exposed to the world around them, that’s when they’ll start to make up their own mind
about things.
 Who are smart children likely to be influenced by?
That’s a very unusual question but I think smart children are most likely to be influenced by
their teachers. Teachers are responsible for imparting lessons and conveying information to
children and so those who are particularly intelligent look up to their teachers for advice -
they take advantage of the opportunities given them in life. But it’s also a bit of a ‘chicken
or the egg’ problem - teachers who teach their students well will make kids smarter and
those kids will in turn be more receptive to learning as they are more confident.
 How do inventors come up with new ideas?
Inventors come up with new ideas by finding a unique solution to a long-standing problem.
Most new inventions or belief systems are derived from an issue that needs fixing. For
example, to solve the problem of cleaning large spaces more efficiently, the vacuum cleaner
was invented. For another example, to be able to write pages legibly and quickly, the
typewriter was invented. This is where the mantra that ‘necessity is the mother of
invention’ comes from.
 Are old ideas still relevant today?
I think old ideas are very relevant these days. These ideas have worked before in the past
and they are guaranteed to work again in the future. Well, that’s what some people think.
There are a lot of traditional ideas that probably should, and will, die out but people still
cling to them for a sense of security. This is especially the case when it comes to culture and
politics. Old customs like arranged marriages have generally disappeared but they still exist
in certain cultural groups. But who am I to criticize? It’s not as though modern marriage
customs are all that successful by comparison…

TOPIC 2:
OBJECT
1. Describe an old present that is special to you
You should say:
 What this possession is
 How long you have had it
 Where it came from
And explain why this possession is special to you.

Answer:

On Christmas Day five years back, I got a sweater from my aunt - a wool one that she had
knitted and decorated herself. The sweater was white all around except for the front where it
was emblazoned with the shape of a red bird - a sparrow - the kind that’s all around the
neighborhood where she lives. So, I guess that’s where she got the inspiration and
references. It looks rather beat up with strands of wool sticking out, but that gives it a rustic
look and it’s really warm. I’ve still got it to this day and it has aged well since it looked old
from the beginning.

Like I said before, I got this sweater five years ago so I’ve had it for that long. I normally
wear this sweater in the winter since it gets pretty cold where I come from. Temperatures
around this time usually dip to around 10 - 12 degrees Celsius - just cold enough for a light
sweater indoors. Other than that, I hardly wear it since there’s no need in other seasons here
in Vietnam. I enjoy wearing the sweater since not only is it very warm but it also has
sentimental value. I admire the fact that she knits her own clothing and makes all her own
presents - that personal touch is meaningful. Outside of holidays, she’s always giving me
little scarfs and mittens so I can save money.

Part 3:
 What are some items that people keep in their family for a long time?
Normally, people tend to keep family photos from a long time ago - that’s what springs to
mind for me. They want to preserve these moments so that they can look back fondly on the
good times they had together. People also tend to keep books on their shelves for a long
time. They might not have the heart to throw books away or donate them to someplace else
as they might have it in the back of their mind they’ll reread them - or they might have
sentimental value.
  In your culture, what sorts of things do people pass down from generation to
generation?
In Vietnam, families tend to pass down their money - in the form of real estate or simply
cash or gold. Older people want to be sure that their descendants will remain well-off and
they write in their wills that their wealth should be transferred to their children and
grandchildren. People in Vietnam also tend to pass down prized possessions like artwork
and jewellery. Sometimes these are family heirlooms so it’s more than just a financial asset.
 Which do you prefer, old things or new things?
Well, it comes down to what kind of thing it is. I don’t mind getting either something old or
something new as long as it works. For example, whenever I’m in need of a new phone, I
don’t care if it’s an older model like a Nokia 6300 or a newer one like an iPhone 15 or
Samsung Galaxy. As long as it can make calls and send text messages, I’m happy with
either one of these phones. But for furniture, for example, I prefer older, classical looking
wood furniture rather than the bland minimalist stuff that’s in vogue these days.
 In what ways can old items serve as a link to the past and help us preserve
memories?
I think it boils down to the fact that the mere existence of these old things already serve as a
link to the past because they represent what we did in the past and what our lives were like
back then. For example, old family photos are physical manifestations of our past memories
- the link is self-evident. They show us what we did together and how we enjoyed doing
those things. Thus, I think it’s important to hold on to these old things for as long as we can
- till they literally start to disintegrate.
 Do you think there are benefits to minimalism and reducing one’s attachment to
material possessions?
I think so. Leading a minimalist lifestyle can help people to focus on the things that truly
matter such as their career and their relationships. If we attach too much importance to
materialistic things, then we might become vain and our things might start to feel like our
owners. How much joy do the things around you really bring compared to the people around
you? Things are about comfort and security - not about maximizing what you can get out of
life.
2. Describe the type of clothes that you usually (like to) wear
You should say:
 What type of clothes
 Where you usually buy these clothes
 How you choose what to buy
And explain why you like this style of clothes.

Answer:

Today I would like to talk about a jacket which is my favorite choice of clothing for regular
wear. If my memory serves me right, I got it just about a year back. At the time, it was my
18th birthday and Linh - one of my best buddies - decided to take me by surprise and gave it
to me. To be more specific, it’s a white windbreaker with a heart-shaped pattern along the
sleeves. It’s polyester - lightweight and water-resistant fabric so good for rainy overcast
days when it isn’t that chilly.

There are several reasons why I have a thing for this jacket. First of all, it has an attractive
design so it adds a touch of fashion to my overall appearance and classes me up a bit.
Another great feature of this jacket is that it is neither too thick nor too thin so I can wear it
comfortably in various weather conditions - breezy days, long hikes, drizzling rain, etc. On
hot days it's more about keeping me out of the sun so I won’t get burned. Besides, its white
so it’s easy to mix and match with whatever else I’ve got on - jeans, a floral dress... On top
of all that, it’s a reminder of my friendship with Linh, so I really cherish it.

Needless to say, I wear this jacket on a near-daily basis and it has become an essential item
whenever I head out of my house to school or on errands. It not only serves a functional
purpose but also makes me look good. All in all, this windbreaker is definitely up there with
some of the best gifts I’ve ever received.
Part 3:
 Does everyone like to go shopping for clothes?
I wouldn’t say everyone, that’s a huge overgeneralization, but most people for sure. For lots
of reasons - to look trendy mainly though. But some people are pretty blasé about what they
wear - they just pick out simple clothes and wear them for years and then prioritize money
for other things - eating out, consumer electronics, travel, etc. So, it comes down to the
person but generally I think lots do like shopping for clothes.
 Why do you think some people don't like shopping for clothes?
I’d say there are some who aren’t interested in shopping for clothes because they don’t
really care about how they look, it’s not a priority for them. They might be more concerned
about the functionality of their clothes and whether they are right for the current season. So
those people are probably less into shopping for clothes since they’re just functional. Being
fashionable is not a top priority when it comes to these people’s approach to clothing. It
tends to be guys, naturally.
 Do you think there is a difference between males and females when buying
clothes?
When it comes to shopping for clothes, males are usually less concerned overall about their
outward appearance. They care more about functionality as well as seasonal demands such
as clothing for the winter or summer. A guy might want a pair of heavy boots that will last
for ages. However, for women, they usually pay more attention to aesthetics and generally
take more pride in the image they project. This might change as men get older and realize
that looking good doesn’t make you superficial.
 Do you think it's important (or, good) to follow the current fashion trends?
I don’t think so, not necessarily at least. I would say that’s because a given fashion trend
isn’t always appropriate for every person. For example, if cashmere sweaters are trendy
during winter time and someone tries one, they may not like it because either it doesn’t look
nice in their opinion or the material is really abrasive to the touch. But trends might change
and inform how you view fashion. Following them blindly isn’t a great idea though as it can
get pricey as well.
  Why do many young people feel it's important to wear clothes that are "in
fashion"?
I think it’s because trendy clothes can be seen as cool and hip in front of their peers and they
might have a desire to be cool within a friend circle - to stand out even. If you’re not up on
fashion trends, then it can kind of expose you. But right now, there are so many different
styles - new ones and retro ones - that anything you wear will basically work if it matches
and you wear it with confidence.

3. Describe an expensive gift that you want to give someone if you save a lot of money
You should say:
 What the gift was
 Who you gave it to
 Why you gave it
And explain whether this person liked the gift or not.

Answer:

If I were to set aside a substantial amount of money and wanted to give someone a pricey
gift, one idea that comes to mind is a luxurious and stylish wristwatch. Imagine gifting a
Rolex Submariner, a renowned Swiss watch known for its timeless design - that would be so
fantastic. Its precision, durability, and the attention to detail are what make it a coveted item
that you can hold onto your whole life or even treat as an investment.

I want to give my mom this watch since a luxury watch like a Rolex showcases not just a
person’s status; it signifies the appreciation and admiration you have for them. For me, it
represents a recognition of their accomplishments, a tribute to their good taste, and a desire
to give them something extraordinary. It’s functional still too - barely with smartphones and
all - but mostly it's for the aesthetics.

Another worthy feature of a luxury wristwatch is that it often becomes an heirloom that can
be passed down through the generations. That’s why the timepiece carries with it a sense of
legacy and timelessness, serving as a lasting reminder of your relationship and the special
bond with the recipient. I think my mom would love to get one from me even if she never
really wears it except on formal occasions.
Ultimately, gifting an expensive wristwatch like a Rolex appeals to me because it’s a
combination of refined craftsmanship, prestige, and the sentiment of a meaningful and
lasting gift. If I can save up the funds needed - maybe take out an extra mortgage on my
house - I’ll definitely get it for her.

Part 3:
 Is it easy for people to save money to buy expensive items?
Well, naturally it depends on what you earn. If the gift is really pricey and you don’t make
much, then naturally that will take a while to set aside enough money. Also, the average
person has to think about other expenses at the same time like food, medicine and clothing.
But if you’re earning a good wage, then you might just have to cut back for a month or two
and you can get whatever you have your eye on.
 How do you choose presents for others if you don’t know what they like? Is it
difficult to buy the right present?
What I do personally is buy a present that everyone would be into, no matter who they are
or where they come from. This includes books, food, gift certificates, etc. That way I don’t
have to agonize over what to give. As a general rule of thumb, it doesn’t hurt to ask people
what they’re into. There are people that it can be tricky to get gifts for but that is almost
more their problem than yours.
 What do you think about people giving money to charity organization?
I think it’s a noble choice, plus it’s their money so they should do whatever they want with
it. I don’t really have a strong opinion about this. When people donate to charities, it won’t
be a wasted investment because these charities are often very stringent as to how they will
expend the money they receive - and usually transparent about the percentage that goes to
the actual charity work. In Vietnam, we have charities that give food to the poor, help out
when a rural area gets flooded, or run book drives for less well-off kids. Helping those
organizations is fighting the good fight for sure.

 What do young people like to save money to buy?

It’s hard to say exactly but I guess a lot of the time it’s for new tech. This might include
smartphones, laptops and the equipment that goes along with that like nice headphones or a
good graphics card for playing computer games Other young people might like to set aside
money for clothing. For example, Air Jordan shoes are really trendy but exorbitantly
expensive as well and most ordinary workers will have to save up before shelling out for a
pair.
 Is it important to save money?
Yeah, naturally. It’s always good to have some money set aside for a rainy day. More than
that, having a savings account with some money in it can come in handy in ways you might
not expect. Maybe you’re not thinking about buying a house but then you get married and
one thing leads to another and you need money for a down payment. So it never hurts to
have some money in a savings account earning good interest.
 Who are better at saving money: young or older people?
Compared to younger individuals, the elderly tend to be better at saving money, in my
opinion. It boils down to the fact that older, retired people have more life experience and
wisdom when it comes to financial management than the young because they are more
clearly aware of what it means to lose it and so they spend more carefully. That’s what I’ve
noticed at least. Young people, however, have not yet reached full maturity in terms of their
spending habits so that they are less frugal with their money and more prone to make
purchases that may not be totally necessary. Big overgeneralizations, I know.

4. Describe a product you want to buy from a foreign country

You should say:
 What product it is
 When you want to buy it
 Whether it has any special features
And explain why you want to buy it.

Answer:

One product I’ve had my eye on for a while is a wheel of parmesan cheese. Everyone knows
parmesan - it’s made in Italy and is known for its crumbly texture and typically it’s a
topping on pizza and pasta. It’s one of the more famous ingredients in Italian cuisine and I
really love the earthy taste. When I found out that it comes in a wheel, it blew my
mind because that means that I can get a year’s supply of cheese all at once, haha. The
wheel itself is of a brownish yellow color and the surface - the rind I think it’s called - is
smooth, maybe a bit grainy, to the touch.

I hope to buy a parmesan wheel before the end of the month because I’m planning a big
dinner party with some friends from work soonish. I’m hoping to make some Caesar salads
topped with parmesan cheese, a T-bone steak for the main served with roast potatoes,
vegetables and gravy and for dessert a tiramisu. Having the big wheel there is like a
decoration all on its own too and people can shave off the cheese they want for their salads.

Part 3:
 Do people in your country get things repaired when they break or simply buy
new versions?
Buy new things, for sure, depending on what it is. I think this is a wasteful habit because
it’s entirely possible that their old items could still work if given proper attention and
repairs. If they buy new things instead, then people will likely throw away their old things,
even though they may still work and if this habit continues, then more and more waste will
be accumulated which will negatively impact the environment. It could even be fun to learn
to repair something - like an old desk or a broken coffee machine.
 What are the most consumed products in your country?
Smartphones. Just throwing out a guess but that’s how it seems to me - especially relative
to their expense. Almost everyone has one because of how cheap they are in Vietnam
compared to other countries. Also, we need them to communicate with colleagues and
family members - they’re indispensable. Motorbikes are another popular product in
Vietnam. Same with smartphones, almost everyone has a motorbike though people don’t
swap them out as much as they do phones. A motorbike you might hang onto for years,
decades even but a phone has a 2 or 3 year shelf life.
 Why are local products important?
I think it’s because buying them ensures the continued existence of local industries. A
thriving local industry shows your country is self-reliant and is more than capable of going
toe-to-toe with more industrially powerful countries like China and the US. Also, if people
buy more imported products than local products then local firms will struggle to compete
with foreign firms and you’ll only be contributing to the bottom life of some rich guy living
in America, rather than your own country.
 What role does e-commerce and online shopping play in facilitating the
purchase of products from foreign countries?
E-commerce and online shopping provide a platform from which products made abroad can
be directly bought and sold with no real middleman. Instead of customers having to head
over to a supermarket which imports foreign goods, e-commerce sites like eBay, Amazon
and Alibaba can sell foreign goods directly to customers from the suppliers, thus making
shopping somewhat less of a hassle. For example, a person from the UK can easily buy Air
Jordans made in America on Amazon and have them delivered to their doorstep without
having to set foot inside a footlocker.
 In your view, how does globalization influence consumer preferences and the
desire to buy foreign goods?
Thanks to globalization, people can see that the goods that are made abroad can be the
equal of, if not better quality, than those made locally. For example, people in Japan can
recognize that clothes made by H&M, a Swedish fast fashion brand, are just as good if not
better than clothes made by Uniqlo, which is a local brand making the same kind of clothes
more or less. Then people can just compare the price points and make a decision in their
best interests.
5. Describe a book you want to read again
You should say:
 What the book is about
 Why you read it
 What you learned from this book
And explain why you would like to read it again.

Answer:

The book I would love to read again is "The Silence of the Lambs" by Thomas Harris. It’s a
thrilling psychological novel that follows Clarice Starling, an FBI trainee, as she seeks
assistance from the notorious serial killer Hannibal Lecter to apprehend another dangerous
murderer called Buffalo Bill.

I was initially drawn to "The Silence of the Lambs" due to its reputation as a gripping and
suspenseful novel. I’ve always been fascinated by stories that delve into the depths of the
human mind - particularly the darker parts - and explore the intricacies of psychological
suspense. This book offered a captivating narrative that kept me engrossed from beginning
to end.

From reading "The Silence of the Lambs," I gained a deeper understanding of the
complexity of human psychology and the thin line that separates good from evil. The book
provided insights into the chilling nature of psychopaths and delved into themes such as
manipulation, obsession, and the relentless pursuit of justice. It made me ponder the depths
of the human psyche and the moral dilemmas faced by the characters. Most people come
away from the book with sympathy and admiration for Lecter, an odd feeling to reconcile
with his actions.

I would like to reread it since it is a page-turner that skillfully builds suspense. By revisiting
the book, I hope to relieve the thrilling moments and uncover subtleties that may have
escaped my attention during the initial reading. Additionally, I believe that a second reading
would allow me to appreciate the author’s storytelling techniques, character development,
and the intricate plot twists in a more profound way. Plus, I’ve watched the movie since and
want to compare them when I read it a second time.
Part 3:
 What kinds of books do children like to read? Why?
I’d say many children today, as in the past, enjoy reading fantasy books because they
stimulate their imagination and the worlds they create are really gripping and vivid. This is
clearly demonstrated by the popularity of the Harry Potter books as well as The Lord of the
Rings. Children also enjoy reading comic books because of the illustrations and action, not
to mention the cool characters that they see in popular media all the time.
 What can children learn from reading books?
For one, they can learn more advanced vocabulary and grammar - in an implicit way.
Students can then apply what they learn to their own speaking and writing. For another,
reading can teach children how to express themselves imaginatively. Since most books
don’t have illustrations, it’s up to the children themselves to imagine what the settings and
characters are like based on the descriptions given in the books themselves. And then this
can in turn inspire them to be creative.
 How can parents encourage their children to read books?
One thing parents can do is to take their children to the library regularly and allow them to
pick out whatever books they want. That way, children can get into the habit of reading
books on a regular basis. Another way would be to reduce the amount of time children
spend on screens - limit their screen time. That way they will have little choice other than to
read books to pass the time. That’s more or less how I became such a prolific reader.
 Which one do people prefer to read, ebooks or printed books?
It depends on your individual preference. Some like to read printed books because they like
the touch and feel of them - the texture of the paper itself. They have greater appreciation
for how the book is printed and bound together and nostalgia is a big part of it for a lot of
them. Some like to read e-books because they are more portable and handy - you can just
upload the files to a Kindle and carry around thousands of books easily that way. Also, e-
books are often cheaper than printed books so readers can save money.
 Do you think printed books will disappear in the future?
I think so, but I don’t really know to be honest. More and more people these days are
turning to electronic devices such as computers, tablets and phones to read books so printed
books are slowly becoming obsolete. It would be great if there was still a place in society
for real, physical books. That’s why libraries and archives should make an effort to preserve
physical books for the foreseeable future - we don’t want to be logged in to our devices all
the time after all.

6. Describe a traditional costume that you like

You should say:
 What it is
 What it looks like
 How often you wear it
And explain why you enjoy wearing it.

Answer:

A traditional costume I enjoy wearing from time to time is the kimono. It’s a traditional
garment from Japan and is mostly worn on traditional holidays or special occasions, often
by women but sometimes by men. It consists of a long robe with an opening at the front tied
together by a wide sash that goes around the waist. Draped over the robe is a thin jacket that
is just as long, although this configuration is mainly worn by the men. A kimono is usually
woven from natural materials such as silk and hemp, although synthetic materials such as
polyester may be used as well for cheaper, mass-produced ones. It’s also usually
embroidered with floral patterns, typically featuring the native flora and fauna of Japan.
However, some kimonos may feature no patterns at all and only feature a single, flat colour
like green or blue.

I work for a Japanese firm based in my hometown, so they gave me a kimono as a present
one year. I don’t wear it all that often though since it is not particularly comfortable for
everyday purposes. However, I do wear it during company celebrations or Japanese
holidays like the Lunar New Year or Japanese national day. I like wearing a kimono
because I like its dignified style and feel. It’s not ostentatious and doesn’t make a spectacle
of itself; it’s just a garment to be simply worn on an auspicious occasion.

Part 3:
  Do you often buy clothes?
I’d say not that often relative to some other people. This is because clothes can last a very
long time if you take good care of them. I try to get the most out of my clothes and only toss
them out when they are literally disintegrating. Most of the clothes I’ve had for years, so
yeah it goes to show that you don’t have to buy clothes so often. I only go shopping for
clothes every 4 to 5 months but I’m not that fashion-conscious generally - I guess it shows.
 What is the difference between the clothing of older people and younger people
in Vietnam?
Young people in Vietnam are more up-to-date on fashion trends than elderly people since
they care about looking cool in front of their peers, while older people are more inclined to
just wear whatever is most comfortable at the moment. Young people also wear more
pronounced designs and flashy styles whereas the outfits of older people are more subtle
and much less garish to my mind.
 Do you agree that expensive clothes are always better quality than cheap
clothes?
I’d say yes to a degree but I have no expertise at all in this area. Clothes that are more
expensive are made with more durable and costly materials like silk and cashmere and
handmade hemp. However, I believe that any clothing regardless of its prices can be of good
quality if it is constructed with care. And someone who is an expert on the subject might be
able to point out that a lot of luxury brands aren’t necessarily using the most expensive
materials - the logo is what people are mainly paying for.
 In your opinion, what does wearing traditional clothing signify about a person's
cultural identity?
First and foremost, traditional clothing can reveal where a person comes from. For example,
if someone is wearing a kimono, they are likely from Japan. The same logic can be applied
to a person wearing an ao dai - the most traditional piece of clothing typically associated
with Vietnam. For another, traditional clothing can reveal one’s religion at times. For
example, Buddhist monks, who typically wear an orange or gray robe - not too dissimilar to
the brown robes of some Christian monks.
 Do you think there's a growing interest in preserving and promoting traditional
clothing in your country?
I don’t think so, but that doesn’t mean our traditional clothing will go away. We will always
find an excuse to wear it and we’re well aware of how important it is to our cultural identity
so we\re already doing enough to highlight traditional clothing in Vietnam. That mainly
means our ao dais. Also, tourists coming to Vietnam do their part to promote traditional
clothing by purchasing it and bringing it back to their home countries, spreading our culture
beyond our borders in the same way that everyone around the world can recognize a
kimono.

7. Describe a photo that makes you feel happy

You should say:
 What the photo looks like
 When and where you took this photo
 How often you look at the photo
And explain why it makes you feel happy.

Answer:

The photo that never fails to make me smile is from way back - my high school graduation
ceremony. It's a snapshot that brings back a flood of happy memories. In the photo, I'm all
dressed up in the iconic graduation gown, complete with a funny-looking, square cap.
Standing alongside me is my closest friend, and we both have these huge grins on our faces.
We're holding our diplomas like they're the most precious things in the world - which they
were at the time. In the background, a bunch of our fellow graduates share in the jubilation,
creating a festive feel for the photo.

This photo was taken a few years ago, on a sunny June morning, right in the school
courtyard, a place where we’d had so many great times. The atmosphere that day was
electric, and everyone was buzzing as we prepared to step up on stage, get our diplomas and
embark on a new chapter of life. I don't look at this photo all that regularly, but I've got it a
special place in an album of important moments from my life. It's one of those pictures that
I revisit to feel nostalgic or when I need a reminder of what determination and hard work
can achieve. It gives me a pick-me-up.
This photo means the world to me because it marks a huge milestone in my life. It's a
reminder of all those late-night study sessions, cramming until nearly dawn, the challenges
we faced, and the incredible sense of accomplishment we felt that day. But more than
anything, it's a symbol of the bonds of friendship that got us through high school life
together. My best friend and I were like partners in crime, and this photo captures that sense
of camaraderie perfectly. It's visual proof that hard work pays off, and it fills me with a
profound sense of pride and happiness every time I take it out to look at it.

Part 3:
 Are professional photographers important in your country??
That’s a very odd question but I’d say yes in general, though mostly it depends on what you
value. Professionals often bring a high level of expertise and creativity to capture moments
effectively. However, it's not a must for everyone. Many amateur photographers excel and
find immense satisfaction in photography without any professional training. And they might
be able to capture a candid moment better than any professional.
 Do you think people take more photos now than in the past?
Undoubtedly, people today take tons and tons of photos. The advent of smartphones with
high-quality cameras and the ease of sharing photos on social media platforms have made
photography a non-stop daily activity. In contrast, in the past, photography was constrained
by the limits of film and the cost of cameras - at least until disposables were invented. That
meant fewer photos were taken.
 Is equipment important to photography?
Hmmm, it’s hard to say for everyone given your goals but generally, yeah. For those
engaged in professional work, high-quality cameras and lenses allow for better image
quality and versatility. However, it's not solely about equipment; creativity, composition,
and mastery of lighting are equally crucial. In some cases, a skilled photographer can
achieve remarkable results even with basic equipment just as a skilled painter could make a
masterpiece using cheap paint and brushes.
 Do you think being a professional videographer is a good job?
I’d say yes. It allows for creative expression and storytelling through video. And there is a
growing demand for video content across various platforms, making it a field with
substantial career opportunities. However, it might be a challenging one due to the fierce
competition and the need for continuous skill development - you have to keep up with every
little new innovation. Success in videography probably hinges on an individual's passion
and unwavering dedication.
 Why do some people like to post their photos on social media?
It’s hard to say exactly in every case but I guess a lot of the time it’s a means of sharing life
experiences, connecting with others, and expressing oneself creatively. It's a platform for
personal expression and serves as a visual diary for documenting cherished memories.
What’s more, social media provides a space for seeking validation, feedback, and
engagement from peers and followers. All in all, it offers a sense of belonging and allows
people to curate their digital identity, making it a popular choice for sharing photos in the
digital age. The drawbacks are self-evident and it may inflame mental health issues but
those downsides can be mitigated if you set your mind to it.

8. Describe an impressive work of art you saw

You should say:
 Where you first saw the artist
 What the painting shows
 Who the painter is
And explain why you enjoy it.

Answer:

To be honest, I’m not an art aficionado in any way so I rarely make a point of heading out to
exhibitions or museums, you know. So, I don’t know all that much about paintings. But
today I’m gonna tell you about a time I came across a piece of art online that left a huge
impression on me. It was a painting by a female artist who has really distinctive, unruly red
hair. I don’t remember her name because I’m lousy with names but I do remember the work.
I saw her video several months ago killing time on Facebook. In the video, she replicates the
same oil painting in 3 different time spans, 1 hour, 10 hours, and 100 hours. That’s the
concept.
The painting is called "The Swordsman''. It depicts a soldier kneeling next to an enormous
old tree and behind him are hundreds of swords sticking out of the ground. The way I see it,
it’s about the aftermath of war and the consequences: one man lives but his comrades have
all fallen. She had to create this painting within those 3 different time durations. And the
more time she had, the more complicated the painting got. In particular, the tree bark
patterns on the tree got more shading and sophistication. Also, the layering of colors became
more complex gradually and it brought out a new depth, a greater sense of weight and
space. I admire this artwork not only for the visual impact but also for the creativity of the
painter as she invented a completely new approach to painting which transcends traditional
art spaces and reaches global audiences through the internet. That might be a bit much but it
was a cool video.

Part 3:
 What are the differences between painting and drawing?
To be honest, I don’t know much about art so I’m not 100% sure but I can speculate. In my
opinion, painting and drawing are both visual art forms but they differ primarily in terms of
the techniques and tools. For example, in painting, artists usually use various liquids like oil
paints, acrylics, or watercolors to create images on canvas and other surfaces like walls or
even clothes. As for drawing, this technique typically uses pencils, pens, or maybe charcoal
to create images on paper. So, in my opinion, paintings tend to be more colorful and can
have a wider range of textures while drawings are often more accessible to the average
person as they only require a pen and a piece of paper.
 Why do some people keep a painting for a long time?
Well, I think the main reason why people often keep a painting for many years is because of
its sentimental and aesthetic value - and sometimes as an investment. For example, a
painting might be a gift from another person and can remind them of an indelible memory,
evoking strong emotions. Also, some paintings appreciate in value over time. So some
people might hang onto them while they grow in value and then sell them later on - that’s
rare and a rich person thing for sure.
 How does building style affect people’s lives?
In my opinion, building style can significantly impact people's lives in various ways. Firstly,
the functionality. For instance, a well-designed building that makes the most out of the
available space can provide comfort and convenience to its inhabitants, contributing to a
better quality of life. Nothing beats a well-laid out apartment. Also, some modern
architectural styles nowadays prioritize sustainability by using environmentally-friendly
materials and innovations like solar energy panels. This can have a positive effect on the
environment and living conditions in the long term.
 What meaning are artists trying to convey in their work?
Well, I think each work of art has its own meaning. For example, some artists use their
paintings as a way to express their emotions, and others use them to show their perspective
on life. The meaning is often subjective and can be open to interpretation. That’s where the
saying ‘Art is in the eye of the beholder’ comes from. And what they choose to draw
depends on their interests and influences. Some like to draw landscapes while others prefer
portraits or abstract art. Each medium might communicate something different - but you’d
need to ask an art expert to get a better answer.
 How do young people share art?
Young people today have a variety of ways to share art - more ways than ever before.
Firstly, they can use the internet and social media networks to share works of art that they
see online - not just their own art. And so, many artists took advantage of modern media to
showcase their work on platforms like Instagram, TikTok, or Pinterest, where they can
reach a broad audience and receive feedback - constructive criticism and some trolling
naturally. Secondly, many youngsters nowadays enjoy visiting local galleries and art
exhibitions to not only admire art but also take photos with artwork and share them online.
This is a little cringey in my opinion but the net effect is positive if the artwork gets out
there to the world.
TOPIC 3:
EVENT
1. Describe a time when you saw a child behaved badly in public
You should say:
 Where it happened
 What the child was doing
 How others reacted to it
And explain how you felt about it.

Answer:

One time a while back I was out at a park close to my house having a picnic with my friends
- a Sunday afternoon, I think. We were all having convenience store sandwiches and green
tea and laying on a blanket on the grass. It was a sunny summer day and the park was in full
bloom. So, a chilled-out day but I do remember an annoying kid near us.

He was throwing a tantrum and throwing small pebbles at strangers, including other
children as well. I know because I was one of his victims. He then proceeded to run over to
our picnic and started kicking lightly at us. It didn’t hurt but it was annoying nonetheless.
His parents then took him away and apologized profusely to us for his bad behaviour. They
explained to us that he was acting out because they left his favourite toy at home.

I’d say that the other people in the park didn’t take kindly to the kid’s antics from what I
could tell. They were saying that the kid needs to be reined in by his parents and the parents
did feel ashamed judging from their faces. I felt kinda bad for them as they have such an
unruly child to deal with but maybe some of that is on them as well - it’s really hard to
know and to judge from afar. The same cannot be said for the kid though. I felt that he had
disrupted such a nice occasion though even in that case, it’s not really fair to hold a child to
the same standards as an adult. Kids sometimes have poor impulse control - almost always
actually.

Part 3:
 In what ways do young children behave badly?
Children have all sorts of ways. Making a mess - that’s one. They might kick or throw
things around and break them. They might also throw a tantrum. They might yell at their
parents or strangers and complain about the things they can’t do or get. In those cases,
parents have to discipline their kids or the behavior will continue. Or, if they’re more
sensitive and discerning, they might seek to discover the root of the bad behavior and
address that rather than just applying punishment as a band-aid approach.
 How should parents stop their children from behaving badly?
One thing parents should do is to issue an ultimatum. For example, if a child keeps teasing
or hitting their sibling, the parents can step in and threaten to punish the child accordingly.
They can tell the child that they will not allow him or her to watch TV, use their phone or go
out and meet with friends. That way, the child will realize that their behaviour was wrong
and express remorse later on. Or like I mentioned earlier, they could try to understand the
source of the behavior and address that. Maybe they are just hungry or tired or not used to
sharing with others.
 Were parents in the past stricter with their children compared to parents these
days?
I’d say yes though I don’t really know since parents back then tended to be more protective
generally. In the past, people had the mindset that their children were the most important
thing in their lives and so they reasoned that they have to nurture and shield them as much
as possible. That’s the helicopter parent mentality. Naturally, this meant that parents were
restrictive and kept kids from going outside, eating junk food and playing with friends.
Now parents are more permissive and basically don’t care about their kids at all.
 Whose influence on children is more important- friends or parents?
I think parents have a greater influence on children than their friends. parents are the main
caregivers and they are the ones who teach them about the ways of the world. They are also
the main source of advice for children since parents have more life experience under their
belt than friends. As such, it may be wiser to listen to your parents than to your friends.
Parents are also just around more - friends can come and go over the course of a lifetime.
 Do you agree that people who don’t behave well towards others are more likely
to be successful in life themselves?
I wouldn’t say they are more likely to be successful, but those who mistreat others might be
able to get ahead at times as success doesn’t always depend on being nice to others. Success
comes from hard work and some luck and nowhere does it say you have to be nice to other
people to achieve your goals. Therefore, people can still succeed in attaining their goals
while behaving poorly towards others. But at the end of the day, they might wake up and
realize that their goals are ultimately insignificant in the grand scheme of things and they’ve
more or less wasted their life.

2. Describe a time when you encouraged someone to do something that he/she didn’t
want to do
You should say:
 Who he or she is
 What you encouraged him/her to do
 How he/she reacted
And explain why you encouraged him/her.

Answer:

I remember one time having to convince my friend Kevin to go skydiving with me - it was
an ordeal. He’s a carpenter with his own shop close to my house and he is deathly afraid of
heights. Kevin told me that as a child he developed a phobia after seeing a man fall from a
10-storey building and get all messed up. As such, he never once went to the top of a tower
or flew in a plane. However, I managed to convince him to skydive after telling him that it
would be safe and fun and he could overcome his fear. I had to tell him that more than once.

So, we drove out to an airfield to meet with another friend named Dave who also skydives -
he’s an instructor. We prepared our gear - harnesses and a parachute - got on the plane and
took off. By the time we got to about 5,000 meters in the air, me, Kevin and Dave jumped
out of the plane and waited for our parachutes to open. I remember Kevin was screaming his
head off because he was so high up and falling so fast that he thought he might die.
However, being the trained skydivers that we are, Dave and I assured him that the parachute
always opens and it did so when we got to around 800 meters above the ground. When we
landed, Kevin was visibly shaken but he was so happy that he had made it out alive he
hugged me really really tightly before thanking me for the experience.

I encouraged Kevin to go skydiving because I thought it would be a nice challenge for him
to overcome his fear and to give him a once-in-a-lifetime experience. I do believe that at
some point, we all need to face our fears and become stronger people by conquering them.
That’s kind of obvious to say but hard in reality to actually embrace.

Part 3:
 How can employers motivate their staff?
One thing employers can do is to offer their staff hefty bonuses for the work they do outside
of office hours. That way, they’ll be fairly compensated for their labour and they’ll be
encouraged to continue being productive for the company. No one wants to feel exploited.
Another idea would be for employers to give positive feedback to their employees for the
good work they’re doing. In this way, they can make their employees feel appreciated and
over time they might seek out praise from their employers as a way to buttress their self-
esteem.
 Do you think money is the most important motivating factor at work?
I think that money is an important motivating factor but it is not the most important, though
there are exceptions. There are other factors that come into play such as the working
environment and the people you are working with. If the working environment is clean and
well-organized, then employees will feel more comfortable in doing their work. If a
worker’s colleagues are cooperative and engaging, then they will feel more at ease in
working with others and thus collective productivity will increase. Also if they feel
empowered in their work.
 There are more male than female world leaders. Do you think this will change in
the future?
I think so and I hope so. I think it’s because people are starting to see that females can be
just as effective at governing a nation as males and, also, people care more about policy than
gender these days. If a leader who just happens to be female has a clear vision and a
pragmatic set of policies for the country, then the electorate will stand by her and vote her
in. Therefore, more female leaders will be sworn in if they have good ideas for the direction
of the country and make good on their promises - a tall task regardless of gender.
 What are the qualities of a good leader?
One quality would be that a leader has to have conviction. If they believe in what they are
doing and can convince others of the same, then people will stand behind them and follow
them to the end. Another quality would be the willingness to listen to others. A leader can
show that he or she is considerate and thoughtful by listening to their suggestions or
opinions and being willing to compromise. That way, a leader can be on equal footing with
their followers and project confidence, not insecurity.
 Should parents reward their children when they help others?
I’d say yes, but not all of the time. If parents reward their children every time they help
someone, then the children will get wise to it and help others purely for selfish reasons and
not out of sincere altruism. Parents should incentivize their children to aid others every now
and then to teach them the importance of lending a helping hand, but also convey to them
that helping is an end in itself, not something that you do for a piece of candy or a pat on the
head.

3. Describe an occasion when you waited a long time for a nice thing
You should say:
 When it happened
 How long you waited
 Why you waited for a long time
And explain how you felt about the experience.

Answer:

I hate waiting. I guess everyone does but it seems to drive me in particular up the wall. I
remember one time when I had to make a decision whether or not to wait for a delivery on
Shopee.

In case you don’t know, Shopee is a popular e-commerce platform in Vietnam, which
provides consumers with a variety of products at very reasonable shipping fees. You
probably see the delivery drivers dumping off stuff at apartment building lobbies all the
time. Around three years ago I needed some skincare products to deal with chronic skin
irritation so I went on Shopee and bought some cream from Shiseido to treat my problem. It
set me back around 10 dollars.

Originally it was supposed to arrive in 5 days but unfortunately, the shipping time was
longer than expected due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a consequence, although I debated
internally canceling my order, I ultimately decided to wait for it because I desperately
needed the product. It was a frustrating experience but I think the long wait was worth it.
After 2 weeks, I finally received my order and my skin condition has improved since then
and I’ve reordered it a couple times.

Through this experience, I learned a valuable lesson in patience because as long as we are
persistent enough to wait for something, we have a good chance of getting what we want. I
guess I knew that before this experience but it did drive the point home.

Part 3:
 On what occasions do people have to wait for a long time?
There are many occasions that require people to wait for a long time.The one that always
comes to mind for me is a doctor’s appointment. Since there are others who might need to
visit the doctor, people have to wait for their turn until they are called in and sometimes that
wait can be hours depending on the hospital, how busy it is, if you made an appointment,
etc. Another occasion is a concert. If someone really popular like Taylor Swift or BlackPink
is headlining a concert, you can bet that there will be thousands of people waiting in line to
get a ticket. Maybe not the best use of your time….
 What do people do while waiting?
I’d say that most of the time people pull out their mobile phones and scroll through the news
or social media while waiting. It helps to pass the time and otherwise you’ll just be sitting
there awkwardly bored. People also engage in small talk with others who may be waiting
for the same thing. They may complain about how they have to wait for so long or chat
about their lives in general. Though that’s becoming a rarity as everyone just turns to the
one-on-one, anxiety-coping powers of their device these days.

 Are most people patient while waiting?

It depends on what they are waiting for. For example, if people are waiting for food and it’s
taking longer than expected, then they are more likely to be impatient because they’re
hungry and they want to eat as soon as possible. That’s that ‘hangry’ feeling I’ve heard
about. However, if people are waiting for a doctor’s appointment, then they are more likely
to be patient because they understand that others have appointments too and the expectation
is that you will have to wait for a bit before getting your turn.
 Do you like to wait for a long time? Why?
Personally, I don’t like to wait too long for something - I don’t know anyone on Earth who
does. I’ve got a lot going on - lots of things to do and places to be, so I need things to be
done as quickly as possible so that I can get on to the next thing. However, the world
unfortunately doesn’t just revolve around my personal schedule so I’m willing sometimes to
wait for longer than I want to, even though it may be inconvenient and throw a wrench into
my plans for the day. This happens a lot when I’m running a bunch of errands.
 Why do most children have difficulty waiting for a long time?
I think one reason is that they are so used to getting what they want almost immediately.
From a young age, most children demand things from their parents and don’t have impulse
control. They haven’t been taught the value of patience yet. Therefore, they get irritated.
Sooner or later, parents will have to teach their children how to actually wait for something
and delay gratification - it’s part of the maturation process.

4. Describe a time when you had a problem with using the computer
You should say:
 When it happened
 Where it happened
 What the problem was
And explain how you solved the problem.

Answer:

I remember a specific moment when my computer broke down. It happened around two
years ago - I was working at home thanks to a city-wide quarantine because of COVID. I
was going about my day when all of a sudden, my computer started lagging seriously and
then just completely froze. I restarted it a few times but no luck. Eventually I had to stop my
work and take my computer to a repair shop just right around the corner from my house.
The owner said that he’d have to take a day or two to figure out what the problem was and
then let me know if he could fix it.

The next morning, I got a message from the repair shop owner telling me to come down
because he had figured out what the problem was and it was fixed already. The owner told
me the problem was that the main processor chip was being overworked - overloaded
because it was outdated and I was running too many apps at one - and so it shut itself down,
causing my computer to freeze up. Fortunately, the owner replaced the old chip with a
newer one, one with better processing power that could ensure smoother operation and little
lag. The new chip didn’t cost much to install - just about 50 dollars. When I switched it on,
it ran pretty smoothly and I haven’t had any major issues with it since.

Part 3:
 Why do people often have problems when using new products?
I think the main reason is self-evident, obvious - it’s something new. You might have a
preconceived idea of how things work. If you get a new camera, you might try to use it like
your old one and realize that the settings are different, the interface is new, etc. If people
take the time to read the instruction manual beforehand, then they won’t have problems with
using new products but that’s not really realistic - better to just go with trial and error.
 How do people use digital devices to help them with their studies?
Well, digital devices can be helpful in doing calculations, the calculator is one of the earliest
devices we all learn to rely on. You can make calculations in little to no time and see the
value of them right off the bat. For another, computers and smartphones can aid students in
searching for information online. As long as these devices are connected to the Internet,
they can be used to look up facts and data that are relevant to their assignments.
 Do people spend too much time looking at digital screens?
I’d say yes, without a doubt. For one, there’s really no other choice as most people need to
use a phone or computer for work for 8 to 9 hours a day, sometimes even longer. As such,
the majority of their day is spent looking at the screen. For another, screens hold your
passive attention. They give people something to look at and as such they can be lost in their
devices for hours on end while ignoring life’s pesky, anxiety-inducing worries.
  Do you think that parents should limit the time that their children spend using
their mobile phones?
Oh of course, no one would argue with that in their right mind. Parents need to teach their
children that there’s more to life than just using their mobile phones for hours and hours on
end. They need to know that there are many things that they can do outdoors such as playing
sports, doing exercise and meeting with friends - healthy habits that make life worth living.
Parents should also tell their children that they should use the time they spend on their
phones for more meaningful endeavours such as learning new skills and reading books -
otherwise there’s no real point in being alive at all.
 Are many people in your country addicted to playing computer games?
Yes, even me, haha. It’s a favorite pastime of mine and I do it to relax after a long day at
work. That being said, I know that spending too long playing computer games will result in
poorer physical and mental health. I don’t have much sympathy for those who spend so long
playing these kinds of games as they could’ve used that time to do other more meaningful
things like exercising or meeting with friends. But people know what foods are unhealthy
and yet they still eat them. It’s the same with games. If I knew a solution, I’d use it myself,
but I don’t. The things that are bad for us feel good…

5. Describe a time when you spent time with a child

You should say:
 Who the child is
 How you know him/her
 Why you spent time with him/her
And explain what you did when you were together.

Answer:

Today, I’d like to talk about a time I taught my niece and how it was a rewarding experience
for me - and her, I hope.

If I’m not mistaken, it was just a few months back when my niece, Sarah, had a school
break. At the time, she was struggling with her reading skills, and her mother reached out to
me for help. I gladly offered to set aside some time with her to assist her in improving her
reading skills. We decided to meet twice a week for an hour-long session.

During our sessions, I did my best to foster a structured learning environment that was also
fun and engaging for Sarah. I started by assessing her current reading level and then
identifying the areas where she needed the most support. I utilized various teaching
methods, such as using colorful flashcards, playing interactive online games, and reading
aloud together. Moreover, I provided lots of positive reinforcement and praise for her
efforts, which boosted her confidence and motivation.

As the weeks went by, Sarah's reading skills showed significant improvement. She began to
read more fluently and with better overall comprehension. Her mother noticed the positive
changes and expressed her gratitude for my help. She shared how Sarah's newfound
confidence in reading had positively impacted her overall academic performance and self-
esteem as a result.

Receiving such positive feedback from Sarah's mother was incredibly rewarding. It
validated the time and effort I had put into teaching and mentoring her. Witnessing Sarah’s
progress and knowing that I had made a positive impact on her educational journey really
made my day and I hope to keep teaching her in the future.

Part 3:
 Are sweets a good thing to reward children?
I’d say every now and then, but certainly not all the time. It’s commonly known that sugar is
bad for you - your overall health and for your teeth. It’s best to give children sweets in
moderation, and I wouldn’t give them for occasions like getting good grades or passing a
test with flying colours. There are other kinds of rewards that can be given to children such
as new books, or drawing materials, or it can be something larger like a family holiday.
Sweets shouldn’t be the only kind of reward that can be given to children so as to not instill
bad nutritional habits.
 Do parents in your country spend a lot of time with their children?
Hmmm, it’s hard to say for everyone but generally, yeah. I think Vietnamese culture is very
centered around parenting and children. Vietnamese parents also tend to be a little on the
overprotective side. It can get a bit excessive But, it’s also common in families in Vietnam
for fathers to be generally inattentive. They might work long hours and then want to hang
out with friends or drink at night instead of getting in quality family time.
 Why do children tend to be happier than adults?
Because they aren’t burdened with so many responsibilities. Children don’t have to pay the
bills, work for a living and do household chores. Thus, they’re free to do whatever they like,
such as playing with their friends or watching TV - after finishing their homework and
whatever little chores they might have of course. They don’t yet know what it means to
work hard and have the onus for the whole family on them. But they’ll get to learn plenty
about that later in life, no worries there.
 What do Vietnamese parents do if they are both busy and can’t look after their
little kids?
Usually, Vietnamese parents will leave their children to be looked after by a guardian,
whether it be their grandparents or a nanny. I think leaving them with family is most
common - people who can really be trusted to do the job. Alternatively, some well-off
parents send their children to daycare centers but that’s only in big cities and it’s rare.
Schools get out late in Vietnam so it’s not that big of an issue and they might only need
someone to babysit their kids for a few hours before one of them can get free.
 Do you think it is necessary for parents to make decisions for their children?
In some instances, yes, but not all the time, naturally. At some point, children should be able
to make their own decisions and not be dictated to by their parents. When children are
particularly indecisive about something though, it can help to have their parents intervene
and make the decision for them, but only on those occasions. That could be for big decisions
like whether or not to move to a new school or to a new city. Or switching to a new career,
for example.
 Do you think children should have a lot of toys?
I’d have to say no because if they did, they would just play with them all day and not do
anything else like going outside to meet up with friends or doing their homework. A child
being given so many toys is usually a sign that the child is being spoiled so responsible
parents should avoid buying so many toys to ensure that their child grows up into a well-
adjusted individual later in life. Although that is a little bit reductive - it’s not just the
number of toys you have as a kid that will determine your whole future.
6. Describe an occasion when you received incorrect information
You should say:
 What was the incorrect information
 When did it happen
 How you found out the information was incorrect
And explain how you felt about it.

Answer:

One year ago, I came across a so-called “fake news article” while searching for Covid-19
updates online. The article claimed that drinking bleach or disinfectant could cure or prevent
the virus in some unscientific way. It cited questionable sources and provided totally
misleading information about the safety and effectiveness of these substances. Although I
was initially alarmed and skeptical, I felt a strong urge to verify the information, just to see
if it checked out at all.

To my surprise, some people actually fell for and followed this dangerous advice, despite
warnings from health experts. The article had been widely shared on social media platforms,
spreading misinformation in certain communities rife for that kind of content. The incident
exemplified the prevalent issue of misinformation and fake news in the digital age - no good
solution that I know of off the top of my head.

In response, I took immediate action. I shared more reliable sources and accurate
information with my family and friends to ensure they wouldn’t be fooled or indoctrinated. I
also flagged the fake news to the relevant authorities and platforms to limit its spread.
Recognizing the importance of critical thinking and media literacy, I always try to educate
myself and others on the essential skills for navigating and shifting through the vast amount
of information available online.

Looking back, this experience taught me the value of being vigilant and discerning when
consuming and sharing information, particularly during times of crisis. It also motivated me
to actively combat the dissemination of false information and promote the values of truth,
accuracy, and integrity in the media and thus society as a whole.

Part 3:
  What kind of professions are related to giving information to others?
There are tons of professions that involve giving information to others, such as journalists,
educators, librarians, researchers, customer service representatives, public speakers, and
consultants - just those come immediately to mind though I’m sure there are others. These
professionals have different roles and responsibilities, but they share the common goal of
providing accurate, timely, and relevant information to audiences or customers.
 What is the difference between giving information by phone and email?
Well, there’s a lot in common but a lot that differs too, I guess. First and foremost, the
speaker can convey their tone of voice, personality, and empathy more easily through phone
than by email, which lacks emotional context. By contrast, giving information by email
allows the sender to provide a written record or chain of evidence and to avoid potential
misunderstandings or interruptions that may occur during a phone conversation. So, it
depends on what you’re trying to do but email tends to be more work-oriented these days.
 How can people check whether a piece of information is correct or not?
For me, you’ve got to use critical thinking skills and check the relevant sources and
evidence to verify information. Some ways to do this include cross-checking what you’ve
with other sources, fact-checking websites, consulting experts or authorities, evaluating
yourself the credibility and bias of the source, and applying common sense and logic. It’s
more important than ever before to be diligent when you come across some information
because of the spread of misinformation on social media platforms like Twitter and
Facebook.
 Do people trust the information online?
I would say that it depends on the context and the source of the information in most cases.
Some people trust the information online because of the convenience, accessibility, and
diversity of the sources - and it’s the path of least resistance, it takes time to double-check.
They might also have a vested interest in believing something, regardless of whether it’s
true or not. Others are more skeptical about information on the Internet due to the
prevalence of misinformation, propaganda, and scams online. The level of trust may also
vary depending on the topic, the audience, and the cultural or political context.
 Has the way people got information changed?
The method of acquiring information has changed significantly over the past decade or so,
due to the rapid development and adoption of digital technologies and social media
platforms. People can now access and share information from a wide range of sources,
including traditional media, online news outlets, social media networks, blogs, podcasts, and
forums. This has led to both opportunities and challenges for individuals, organizations, and
societies, as they navigate the complexities of an evolving information landscape.
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of getting information online?
Well, the big advantages all relate to convenience: how fast and easy it is to look up on your
phone. And it could be something simple like directions or the phone number of a shop. It
could also be news. In the case of news, you have to be a more discerning reader. All
publications are biased in one way or another so you have to be aware of the bias and
compensate for that in your own interpretation. That’s the chief downside - that most people
don’t have the energy or inclination to be skeptics.
7. Describe a situation when you had to spend a long time in traffic jam
You should say:
 When it was
 Where you were going
 How long you had to wait
And explain how you felt about this.

Answer:

About a week ago I was on my way home to Hanoi from a road trip around the North of
Vietnam for five or so days. My friends and I were heading back home from Ha Giang and
we had been driving for about five hours when we had to stop dead on a highway just north
of Noi Bai Airport. We had run into a traffic jam and it stretched out for about two
kilometers down the highway, meaning that we would be gridlocked for quite some time.
We wanted to know how long before we could get out of the jam so we turned on the radio
and tuned it to the traffic frequency.

On the traffic bulletin they announced that the jam was caused by a rather nasty collision
between two vehicles and the aftermath had led them to shut down two of three lanes. Other
vehicles had to drive around the incident, creating a bottleneck. That information wasn’t that
helpful though since we didn’t have a choice other than to just wait it out. Bit by bit, we
started moving along until we got clear of the jam - nearly two hours in the end!

I wasn’t too upset about it because our flight was delayed anyhow so we had plenty of time
to spare and since I was with friends we found ways to kill the time. If I were on my own or
in a rush, it would have been a different story.

Part 3:
 Why are cities today facing serious traffic issues?
I think one reason is that the infrastructure in those cities may be inadequate to handle the
large volume of traffic these days that comes from all the tall residential buildings. As cities
grow in population, there will naturally be more vehicles on the road; however, the road
systems may not be expansive enough to accommodate that many vehicles so there will
inevitably be more traffic issues. Another reason is that some commuters just can’t drive.
They may speed, swerve dangerously, lane split, not pay attention to where they’re going,
not use their indicators, etc., or raising the risk of accidents. And when there’s an accident,
everyone rubbernecks to check it out.
 What can be done to improve traffic conditions in cities?
I think one measure would be to widen the roads themselves. If the roads are wider, then
vehicles will have more space to weave in between each other and there will be better traffic
flow and less congestion. Another measure would be to expand existing road networks. If
more roads and streets are added into cities, then commuters will have more choices as to
the direction they can take to get to their destination - you can turn down an alley or find
some shortcut. Also, this will more evenly distribute traffic on all roads.
 Can developing public transport help resolve traffic issues in cities?
I’d say it could though it’s no guarantee. Public transportation gives people more choices as
to how to get from point A to point B. Instead of relying on a private vehicle - which takes
up more space - they can opt for something more efficient. Most forms of public
transportation can handle more passengers on a single journey than a car or motorbike. Cars
are obviously the worst way to travel and take up way more space on the road than they
have any right to. If more people use public transportation, then there will likely be fewer
bulky cars on the road, thus easing traffic to a degree. That’s the theory, but I often see
buses that just have a few people on them so that’s not great…
 Do you think highways can help reduce traffic jams?
I think so. They’re wider than other roads so there’s more space for vehicles to weave in and
out, thus ensuring a smoother flow of traffic. Also, they can accommodate more commuters
so they can help to evenly distribute traffic density across all roads. Finally, there are no
traffic lights so highways allow for a continuous flow with little to no interruptions. Yeah, I
feel confident saying that highways aid in reducing traffic congestion in a general sense.
 What are the best ways to manage traffic?
Beyond what I’ve mentioned already, I think one measure that would help out would be to
institute car-free days. On certain days of the week, cars should be banned, thus encouraging
citizens to use public transportation or walk or even get around by bike. Therefore, there
will be little to no traffic at all on the streets. People will notice how clear the streets are on
these days and might give up using their cars altogether - that would be my hope. Another
solution would be to divide up the lanes according to type of vehicle. For example, there can
be one lane for motorbikes, one lane for cars and one lane for larger vehicles like buses and
trucks. That way, there would be less congestion. You just have to make sure cars don’t get
in the motorbike lane and clog things up.

8. Describe an occasion when you got lost

You should say:
 Where you were
 What happened
 How you felt
And explain how you found your way.

Answer:

I would like to share an incident when I found myself lost while exploring the intricate
streets of Hanoi's Old Quarter.

It was during my visit to the old quarter, a place I’d been a few times before but never really
properly explored. This part of Hanoi is known for its narrow streets filled with local
markets and historical landmarks. As I immersed myself in the bustling atmosphere, I
unknowingly strayed from the main route I had mapped out in my head and found myself in
unfamiliar surroundings. The maze-like streets made it challenging to get my bearings and
figure out where I was.

Initially, a mix of excitement and slight unease washed over me as I realized I was lost in
the heart of Hanoi. The crowded streets, exotic smells, and the unique architecture added to
the excitement but also heightened my confusion. In the end, I embraced the situation as an
opportunity for adventure and discovery, reminding myself that getting lost can often lead to
unexpected encounters and memorable experiences.

To find my way back, I approached a friendly local vendor selling traditional Vietnamese
handicrafts. With a warm smile, they kindly offered directions to the main landmarks and
guided me towards familiar territory. Following their instructions, I navigated through the
criss-crossing alleyways coming out by a familiar landmark that I recognized. In hindsight,
maybe I’m overselling the adventure element of it - I just had to ask someone to point the
way out for me and I could have taken out my phone at any time to check the map too.

Part 3:
 How do people react when they get lost?
Most of the time people react with some amount of panic and anxiety. We generally don’t
like not knowing where we are so we react to it negatively. Furthermore, we tend not to
think straight when we are in a state of panic so it can take some time before we can reorient
ourselves and then figure out where we are and where we need to go. All we need to do next
is pull out a map or ask a passerby to point out the right way.
 Why do some people have a good sense of direction?
Well, I’m not sure but maybe because they are already familiar with their surroundings.
They know where they are and they know where to go so they don’t need to ask around for
directions. But some people just have a good inborn sense of direction. I’ve got friends who
always know which way is facing North - but I’m pretty clueless about that. It must be some
combination of a genetic predisposition and putting in some effort.
 Are paper maps still necessary?
I’d say no in general. With the rise of online map applications such as Google Maps and
navigation systems in cars, planes and most modern boats, the need for a paper map seems
redundant now. Plus, online maps are constantly updated so they never get outdated. And
there are loads of other features - real time traffic reports, directions, phone numbers for
local businesses, etc. However, in the case of a network or power outage, I guess it’s smart
to keep a paper map around just in case.

 With mobile phones and these electronic products with navigation is it easy for
people to get lost?
It’s pretty hard actually. Navigation tracking pinpoints where you are in a given area and
from there people can easily chart a course for where they need to go. However, this is
under the assumption that the network connection is stable. If it isn’t, then it might be easier
for people to get lost. As mobile networks get better and better, this is becoming less and
less of an issue though.
 What kind of problems do old people have when they get lost?
For one, they may not be able to move around as easily as younger people. It might be a
struggle if they have to walk for long periods of time especially if it’s uphill or a hot day or
raining heavily. For another, they may struggle to find their way since they might not be
tech-savvy or familiar with online maps.
 TOPIC 4:
ACTIVITY
1. Describe an expensive activity that you enjoy doing occasionally
You should say:
 What it is
 Who you do it with
 Why it is expensive
And explain why you enjoy doing this expensive activity.

Answer:

An expensive pastime that I enjoy doing from time to time is playing golf. It’s a sport that is
mostly the domain of rich people who play at private golf courses and country clubs. I’m in
a fortunate enough position having inherited a lot of money that I can afford golf clubs, balls
and a country club membership. I usually play golf with friends from school. They’re in
similar positions to me and keen on learning the sport. Sometimes I play with complete
strangers I meet at the country club but that’s kind of rare. I enjoy the leisurely pace of it
and the competitive element - we usually place bets on the games and square up after we
finish 9 or 18 holes.

Golf is an expensive sport because of the costs involved, that’s kind of obvious. First,
there’s the price of golf balls. They cost an average of 50 dollars per box, which is pretty
costly for a ball the size of a kumquat. More importantly, there’s the price of golf clubs.
Typically, they’ll set you back around 400 - 500 dollars for one set, and that’s a cheaper set.
Nevertheless, I still enjoy playing golf because it is a very calming sport that helps me to
relieve my stress and anxiety. I also like the technical aspect of working on my swing,
learning to put, choosing the right club for any given shot, etc.

Part 3:
 Why do some people prefer to engage in expensive leisure activities, even if
there are more affordable alternatives?
I think it’s mainly because people want to flaunt their status - though it might be that they
just want to try out something new. But lots want to show off that they are rich and prove
that they can afford to do these expensive activities. For example, rich people often go
sailing on private yachts because they are the ultimate symbol of wealth. yachts don’t come
cheap. However, it comes off to me as nothing more than vanity. There’s more to life than
overcompensating for your insecurities by living large.
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of being rich?
That’s a really broad question but one advantage of being rich is that you can afford almost
anything you want - within reason. With tons of money at your disposal, you can purchase
anything from an expensive watch to a private jet. However, one disadvantage to being so
affluent is that you’re more likely to be targeted by criminals. Someone who may be
struggling to make ends meet, might see you as a potential target since they figure that you
already have more than enough money to live on comfortably - and they might be right in
thinking that way.
 What is the difference between the shopping habits of men and women?
I’d say from what I’ve seen men tend to buy more practical items. New phones, computers,
cars. Lots of tech stuff or things they can use. Women, on the other hand, are more
interested in aesthetics. They are more likely to be picky about their clothes, make-up and
jewellery. Maybe these preconceptions are a little outdated and sexist but there is still some
truth to them.
 Why are some sports expensive?
Some sports are expensive because the equipment needed to play them with is expensive as
well. For instance, to play polo, you will need to rent out a horse as well as buy mallets,
polo balls and obstacles to place in the middle of the field, all of which can cost upwards of
thousands of dollars. As such, it’s prohibitively expensive to play and really only a sport
reserved for the upper echelons of polite society.
 Apart from the cost of an activity, are there any other factors that influence an
individual's decision to participate in it?
For sure! I think one factor that could influence an individual’s decision is safety. For
instance, if it looks like you might get injured from it, then people are gonna be more
reluctant to give it a go. Another factor would be the enjoyment level that can be derived
from the activity. If it looks boring, for example, then people will be less likely to try it out.
That’s one reason I’ve never really been up to give baseball a shot.
2. Describe a water sport you would like to try in the future
You should say:
 What it is
 Where you would like to try it
 How difficult it is
And explain why you would like to try it.

Answer:

I'm going to talk about surfing, a pastime that I’ve been thinking about having a crack at for
a while now. Just so you know - well, as you know, actually - it's a water sport where one
stands on a long plastic or wooden board and rides waves in the ocean. The idea of gliding
across the water and catching the perfect wave is exciting because it’s so out of the ordinary.
Surprisingly, it's widely popular in Western countries but not as much in Vietnam, which
seems unusual considering our extensive coastline and all the stunning beaches dotting the
country.

I don't know about you but I think of surfing as a challenging and potentially hazardous
water sport. I’ve stumbled upon loads of online videos showing individuals attempting
surfing and failing miserably. So, I really think that enrolling in a surfing course should be
my first step if I want to give it a real go. That would be better for my safety and my
confidence. In terms of the equipment, for a beginner, you'll need a surfboard, a surfboard
leash, fins and a wetsuit. If possible, I’d love to practice surfing in Nha Trang, one of the
more popular coastal beach towns in Vietnam.

There are several reasons why I’m eager to give surfing a go. For one, it provides an
incredible connection with nature - I can immerse myself in the waves, feel their force and
take in the sights around me - I imagine it to be a rejuvenating and exhilarating experience.
For another, surfing offers many mental and physical health benefits. It forces me to use
different muscles - rarely used ones - so in a sense, it's a total body workout. On top of that,
it's also a great way to put my feet up and relieve stress as I can enjoy being out in the
sunshine and having fun in the waves.
Hopefully one day I can paddle out, catch my first wave, and embark on the thrilling
journey of becoming a surfer. Just the thought of it already fills me with excitement and
dread.

Part 3:
 What's the difference between outdoor sports and indoor sports?
It’s in the name. Outdoor sports are played outside in open spaces like parks and fields
while indoor sports are played in enclosed spaces like gyms and indoor courts. That’s the
most obvious difference right there. Another major difference is that indoor sports have
smaller courts to play on since they have to account for the space limitations of a given
building, whereas outdoor sports have more leeway since they typically have more space to
work with - I’m thinking of a big football pitch for example.
 What kinds of water sports are popular nowadays?
There’re lots of water sports that are popular these days. I recently saw on YouTube one
called water polo, which is basically football or handball but played in a pool. Each team
has to get the ball into the opposing goal to score points and the team who scores the most
points wins - typical game stuff. Another commonly played water sport is rowing, in which
teams of rowers have to collectively row a boat down a river to the finish line. Obviously,
the first team to reach the finish line wins the race. Those ones are popular abroad I think, I
haven’t seen them played much here in Vietnam where most people just like to go
swimming.
 Why should we develop water transport?
Water transport should be prioritised since waterways are viable pathways for people and
goods to travel on. There is less likely to be congestion when traveling on water, at least
compared to traveling on the road, so there’s plenty of room for vessels to get around. Also,
it presents another option for companies to transport their goods, in addition to road and air
transport. But at the moment, that kind of shipping is fairly developed already and most
cities don’t have a bunch of criss-crossing rivers to expand their transport options on. So,
I’m really not sure.
 Do you think it is necessary for everyone to learn to swim?
I think so, yeah. It certainly helps when a person is in the middle of a body of water like the
ocean or a river and they need to get to shore - in extreme situations that could be life or
death. If they don’t know how to swim, then they are at greater risk of drowning. It’s
actually a lot more common for people to drown than you might think so beyond the
enjoyment people can get from swimming, there are good safety reasons to make sure
everyone learns how to swim or at least tread water.
 Why do people like spending time near water?
Well, not everyone does but lots of people like to spend time being near water as it provides
them a change of scenery and some calm. Since people spend most of their time on land
inside their homes and offices, being near water sort of has the effect of waking them up
from a kind of slumber. Maybe that’s why people like to go on beach holidays so much. The
water is refreshing to swim around in, provided that it’s clean of course.
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of water transport?
One crucial advantage of water transport is that it can be a legit alternative to road or air
transport. If it isn’t possible to ship goods on roads or by air, then using vessels such as
boats or ships to transport goods is a good backup. Another plus point is that this type of
transport costs less money than the others I believe so companies can save some money
which I’m sure they will then distribute to employees or pass the savings on to customers. A
disadvantage of water transport is it’s slower on average than road or air transport.
Something coming by air might get to its destination in a few hours or a day at the most but
boats can take a lot longer - days, weeks, even months, I think.

3. Describe an activity that made you feel tired

You should say:
 When and where it took place
 Why you took part in it
 What the activity was
And explain why it made you feel tired.

Answer:

I once took part in a marathon almost 5 years ago, a hellish experience. It was the annual
Hanoi Marathon where competitors run 42 kilometers around the city and the first person to
cross the finish line wins the race - that goes without saying. The race track spans all the
major central districts of Hanoi - Hoan Kiem, Ba Dinh and Tay Ho to name a few. Some of
it even cuts through small alleyways to make the race more challenging and unique. I took
part in the marathon because I thought it would be a nice challenge for me and I needed to
get in the exercise at the time. I was pretty out of shape back then and my cardio and
endurance were poor to say the least.

The start and finish line was next to Hoan Kiem Lake. We all started the run at 10 in the
morning. In order not to tire myself out too early on, I paced myself. After all, it’s not a big
deal if I don’t finish 1st; all that matters is just finishing the race. And finishing first wasn’t
really on my mind… I managed to run for about 4 hours and 10 minutes covering the full 42
kilometers and by the end I was properly knackered. My legs were shaky and I was
struggling to catch my breath for a while. I was tired because running for 42 kilometers
without stopping was just too much for my body to handle. Perhaps I should wait a while
until giving another marathon a shot.

Part 3:
 Do people in your country get tired from their studies?
I’d say so I guess though it’s a strange question - all work makes people tired. Students
these days have to learn so many subjects and complete so many assignments just to keep
up with their classmates. It has gotten to the point where students feel overwhelmed and can
burn out. If schools want students to be more engaged during school hours, then they should
allow them to choose the subjects they want to study and lighten their workload.
 When do people usually feel tired?
Well it could be at any time but I guess most people normally feel tired late in the afternoon
because they’ve been up for some hours presumably and have been working or studying or
even just watching Netflix. That’s when most people try to get in a little afternoon nap.
Conversely, people feel most productive in the early morning after getting a good night’s
sleep - that’s not a given though.
 Do people have fewer holidays now compared to the past?
I’m not sure. I think we celebrate more or less the same number of holidays now as we did
in the past. Not only do we still celebrate international holidays like Christmas and New
Year’s but we also celebrate our individual national holidays. For example, we in Vietnam
celebrate the Lunar New Year and the Mid-Autumn Festival. But maybe the time people
have off for these holidays is longer now - people don’t have to work themselves to the bone
any more though you wouldn’t know it by how much they complain about being busy…
 What are the differences between feeling tired after studying and after
exercising?
When people feel tired after studying, they feel mentally spent. They might feel a lack of
motivation to continue with their work and want to stop and leave their work to the next
day. When people feel tired after exercise, their body is dead - they don’t have energy to
move around. They might have aches and pains. However, that can lead to a good night’s
sleep and leave you feeling refreshed and recharged for the next day.
 How can people help old people from getting tired easily?
I’m not sure but I imagine supplements and vitamins could help. Vitamins are really helpful
for providing the energy needed to get on with one’s day. It’s probably better to just alter
your diet and get vitamins and minerals from eating right. Another thing would be to stay
active around the house. Some people try to conserve energy by not being active - but that
only leads to more fatigue. Energy works like a generator - the more that you use it, the
more your body produces.

4. Describe an activity that you enjoy doing alone in your free time
You should say:
 What it is
 How often you do it
 Where you usually do it
And explain why you like to do this activity.

Answer:

I’m an avid reader so I’d go with reading as my all-time favorite activity when I’m on my
own. I've made it a part of my daily routine to read, even if it's just for a second. On
average, I'd say I spend about an hour or two completely absorbed in the pages of a good
book every day. It doesn't matter if it's a gripping novel, a thought-provoking non-fiction
book, or even some soothing poetry; I'm up for it all. I like changing it up too so that I don’t
get bored of the same genre.

My favorite reading spot… is this cozy corner in my bedroom near the window. I've created
a small reading nook there with a comfortable armchair, a soft blanket, and a well-organized
bookshelf. It's the perfect spot for me to forget my worries and escape into a good book.

The thing about reading that really pulls me in is how it transports me to different worlds
and allows me to explore varied cultures, historical eras and perspectives - all within the
confines of my imagination. It's like taking an imaginary trip that broadens my horizons and
fosters empathy. Secondly, reading is my go-to stress reliever. When I open a book, it's like
waving goodbye to all the worries and stresses of the day and diving into the author's world
where none of that stuff is relevant. It's a form of healthy escapism that helps me recharge
and face life. I think of it as healthy because I learn more than I would just messing around
on my phone. Every book I read contributes a bit more to my understanding of the world,
and it's a fantastic way to build and exercise my vocabulary.

For me, reading is a beloved solo activity because it offers me an escape, broadens my
horizons, relaxes me, and satisfies my innate curiosities about the world. It's a habit that I
treasure deeply, and honestly, I can't imagine a life without the sheer joy of reading.

Part 3:
 How do people in your country usually plan their days off?
I can’t speak for everyone cause it’s quite diverse and often revolves around individual
interests and preferences but lots look ahead to recreational activities like sports, while
others prefer cultural pursuits like visiting museums or attending theater performances.
Socializing with friends and family is a common way to spend one’s leisure hours, and
shopping or simply unwinding at home are also popular choices. Most people just make a
mental note but you might also save an event on Facebook or Instagram or message friends
to make plans.
 Do young people in your country work longer hours now than in the past?
Not at all. Young people today believe they work longer hours, but compared to past
generations, their work is actually far less demanding. Factors like increased competition in
the job market and the desire to achieve career goals drive many to work longer or even take
on multiple jobs but that can’t compare to the grueling schedule of a farmer a hundred years
ago. The concept of work-life balance is now evolving and most people rightly prioritize
their free time.
 In what situations do people need to be alone?
That’s an interesting question. There are times when it’s essential to have some me-time.
For self-reflection, personal growth, or relaxation. Solitude becomes particularly important
during times of stress when individuals need a quiet space to cope with anxieties or make
important decisions. It's also crucial when one needs to concentrate on a specific task
without any external distractions. Moreover, alone time contributes significantly to
maintaining mental well-being and recharging after social interactions.
 Is it important to have a hobby?
Absolutely. Hobbies offer a valuable avenue for relaxation, encourage creativity, and
provide opportunities for one to learn any given skill. They have the potential to alleviate
stress and serve as a means of self-expression. Some hobbies facilitate connections with
like-minded individuals and bring a sense of accomplishment and fulfillment beyond the
confines of work or other responsibilities. It’s tough to get through the drudgery of the day
without a hobby to look forward to.
 Do you prefer going out or staying home?
I’d say it depends on my mood and the circumstances. Sometimes, I enjoy heading out at
night to socialize with friends, explore new places, or do sports. Other times, staying at
home is comforting and relaxing, reading, watching movies, dedicating time to my hobbies.
Each option has its unique pros and cons, and I make my choice based on what I feel like
doing at any given moment.

5. Describe a leisure activity you do with your family

You should say
 What it is
 When you do it
 Where you do it
And explain how you feel about it.
Answer:

A leisure activity that my family and I enjoy immensely is our tradition of going on picnics
when we’ve got the chance. It's a chilled - out way for us to spend quality time together,
bond, and savor delicious homemade meals in tranquil natural spots. Typically, we plan
picnics for weekends or special occasions like birthdays or anniversaries. It's our way of
celebrating and setting aside dedicated time to enjoy each other's company. We usually pick
quiet outdoor locations, such as parks, botanical gardens, or even somewhere in the
countryside not too far from Hanoi, depending on the season and the weather.

The anticipation and warmth associated with family picnics are truly heartwarming, not to
be too sentimental. It's an activity that brings us all closer together and creates wonderful
memories. As we gather up the picnic essentials - sandwiches, fruit, salads, snacks, and a
classic checkered blanket - there's an undeniable sense of excitement in the air. Once we
arrive at our chosen spot, we find a cozy spot under the shade of a tree or by a calm lake.
This atmosphere is complemented by the laughter and chatter of my family members, the
alluring aroma of the food, and the soothing sounds of rustling leaves or gentle waves.
That’s when everything goes to plan at least - if it doesn’t rain for example. We enjoy our
meal, play board games or cards, and sometimes play a light sport like badminton.

The simple act of sharing a meal outdoors and appreciating one’s natural surroundings
makes me feel incredibly content and connected to my family. It's during these picnics that
we have heart-to-heart conversations, share anecdotes, and strengthen our familial bonds.

All in all, picnicking with my family is a cherished leisure activity that fills me with
happiness and a profound sense of togetherness. It's an opportunity for the whole family to
leave behind the stress of everyday life, enjoy delicious food, and create lasting memories
with loved ones.

Part 3:
 Do men and women enjoy the same leisure activities?
While there is certainly a lot of overlap, men and women differ here in some important
ways. For example, team sports or certain hobbies are probably more popular with men,
while women might lean towards social gatherings or arts and crafts. However, these
preferences are not universal, and many individuals enjoy a wide range of activities
regardless of gender. Gender norms are evolving - rightly so.
 What types of leisure activities are popular in your country?
In my country, leisure activities vary widely, but some popular ones include watching and
playing sports, going to the cinema, dining out with friends and family, and enjoying
outdoor activities like hiking or picnicking. Cultural pursuits such as visiting museums and
attending concerts are also common choices, along with reading and gaming. Not so
different from anywhere else I reckon.
 Why is it important for people to have time for leisure activities?
Leisure activities are crucial for maintaining a balanced and healthy lifestyle. They provide
relaxation, reduce stress, and promote mental well-being. Engaging in hobbies and one’s
interests outside of work or daily responsibilities fosters creativity, self-expression, and
personal growth. They allow for social interaction and the building of relationships,
contributing to a fulfilling and enjoyable life. You can’t live without them in short.
 Why are some activities more popular than others?
Popularity often depends on factors like cultural, accessibility, personal interest, and what’s
popular at the moment. Some activities may become popular due to media exposure like
rock climbing, while others remain timeless because they cater to universal needs or desires
like play football. Ease of participation, affordability, and the sense of enjoyment also
influence an activity's popularity.
 Are there leisure activities that are as popular today as they were when your
parents were young?
Yes, some leisure activities have maintained their popularity over generations. For instance,
outdoor activities like hiking and picnicking, as well as hobbies such as reading and
gardening, continue to be enjoyed today more or less to the same level as they were in the
past. Additionally, classic board games and certain sports like soccer have enduring
popularity across generations, connecting people of different ages and providing a vibrant
link to the past.

6. Describe a game you played in your childhood

You should say:
 What the game was
 When you played it
 Who you played with
And explain how you felt about the game.

Answer:

During my childhood, I used to play a game called "Hide and Seek," - everyone has heard of
it - and even though every kid plays it, that’s one that stands out for me. It was a favorite
activity that I enjoyed with my siblings, cousins, and neighborhood friends.

We would gather in our backyard or the nearby park to play the classic game. The rules
were simple: one person is the seeker, while the rest of us scatter to find hiding spots. After
counting to a designated number, the seeker begins searching us out. The objective is to
remain hidden for as long as possible without being discovered.

Playing hide and seek filled me with a thrilling mix of adrenaline and anticipation, I
remember getting sweaty palms playing. I delighted in finding the perfect hiding spot, trying
to stay silent and blending in with my surroundings. The game required a fair amount of
creativity and quick thinking as I had to strategize to outwit the seeker and find the
cleverest, least likely hiding places.

Beyond the exhilaration of the game itself, hide and seek fostered a strong sense of
camaraderie among us. It brought us closer together, strengthening bonds and I have lots of
fun memories from playing. We would cheer for one another's successful hiding spots and
enjoy the suspense while hiding. The game also improved our social skills as we took turns
being the seeker, communicated during gameplay, and learned the importance of fair play
and cooperation.

All in all, hide and seek holds a special place in my childhood even to this day. It provided
endless hours of laughter, excitement, and a sense of adventure lacking in other parts of my
day. I’m a bit on the old side to play now, so I really just have those memories to hold onto.
Part 3:
 Is it good for a kid to be ambitious?
I would say yes because it gives them something to work towards in a general or specific
sense and it ultimately may provide a purpose in life. For example, a kid can aspire to be a
skilled football player and therefore they can work towards achieving that goal. If a kid has
no greater ambitions, then they may stagnate in their development and end up a bit aimless
in life - though there are tons of other factors that of course come into it. Ultimately, I think
it’s important for parents to nurture their children’s ambitions, whatever they may be.
 What kind of games are played by the children of this generation?
Right now…. If we’re talking about outdoor games, then it’s probably the mainstay sports
like football, basketball and volleyball. They also play little kids’ games like tag, duck duck
goose and hide and seek. If we’re talking about indoor games, then there are board games
like Connect 4 and Monopoly and also computer games like Fortnite and Among Us.
There’s a lot of variety.
 Did parents encourage their children to play games?
I would say yes, but mostly when it comes to outdoorsy games. Parents naturally nudge
their children towards playing outside due to the benefits for physical health and socialising.
They are less encouraging though about indoor games, especially computer games since
they can foster a sedentary lifestyle and social isolation. But parents are mostly concerned
with academics, not having fun.
 Which is better, individual games or team-based games?
It depends on the person. Some prefer to play individual games so that they can concentrate
on isolating a single skill and since they have complete control over their performance - like
with tennis and chess and ping pong. Others prefer to play team-based games so that they
can make friends with others and hone their collaborative skills. All in all, I don’t think
either type of game is better than the other as both have their relative advantages in one way
or another.
 Why do people play different kinds of games when they grow up?
People play different kinds of games as they grow up because as they get older, they
become physically and mentally stronger and are able to give more challenging games a go.
For example, when young, people will normally play simple games like tag and off the wall.
As they get older though, they can take on tougher games like rugby or tug of war which
require a lot of physical strength. And then there are games that require higher cognitive
ability like chess.
 Do you think winning is important in games?
It depends on the kind of game and the context. If the objective of the game is to win, then
yes winning is important in that game. For example, the objective of football is to score
more goals than the opposing team. At the professional level, that’s all that matters. If the
objective of the game is to just have fun or it’s just a casual game with friends, then there’s
a lot less pressure to win and the players can relax and enjoy themselves. Some games are
collaborative too - like playing catch or frisbee.
TOPIC 5:
PLACE
1. Describe a place away from your home and you want to visit in the future
You should say:
 Where you would like to go
 When you would like to go
 Who you want to go with
And explain why you want to visit the place.

Answer:

One place I would be willing to take the long journey to from my home would be Rome in
Italy. It's the capital of the country and I've heard nothing but nice things about it so a part of
me wants to check it out ASAP. I’ve seen pictures and movies set in Rome - like the newest
installment of the Fast and Furious franchise - and they all feature iconic landmarks such as
the Coliseum, the Pantheon, the Spanish Steps and many of its ancient churches and
monasteries. I’m really into that kind of stuff. More than that, the culinary scene in Rome is
also reportedly a real treat. Italian cuisine is celebrated worldwide, and Rome offers a wide
range of traditional dishes such as pasta, pizza, gelato, and espresso - but done in the
authentic Italian style. Exploring the city's trattorias and enjoying authentic Roman cuisine
would be a delightful experience that I don’t want to miss out on.

As for when I would like to visit Rome… I would say maybe when I’m in my mid-30s
because right now I want to focus on my career and making sure I don’t have to bankrupt
myself to go there. I hope I still feel like going in a few years. Also, I would like to bring
my family to Rome with me because they’ve never been to the city and they’d like to go
there too so it would be a nice family outing.

I’m passionate about visiting Rome because, like I said before, I'm impressed by how it has
been portrayed in the entertainment world. I haven’t talked about some of the other aspects
of the city too: meeting locals, visiting Vatican City, learning bits and pieces of a beautiful
language - Rome has a lot going for it.
Part 3:
 What places do people in Vietnam often go to on holidays?
One popular destination people in Vietnam like to visit that comes to mind is Sam Son
Beach. It’s a beach located in Thanh Hoa Province and people from the north, especially
from Hanoi, love to head over there to get away from city life - just a little breather. Another
popular destination is the Son Doong caves in central Vietnam. They’re the largest and
deepest caves in the world and local people and visitors from abroad alike love to visit them
to explore everything these caves have to offer from the rock formations to the wildlife. To
get on a tour, you need to sign up years in advance though.
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of tourism?
That’s a big question but one advantage of tourism is that it promotes closer relationships
between people from different countries. Visitors from abroad can come to a country and
show appreciation for the culture, traditions and customs and the local people will be more
welcoming to these foreign tourists in turn. A disadvantage to tourism is it can bring about
environmental damage to the host country. Tourists may be reckless and litter when visiting
another country and can spoil the natural surroundings of pristine areas - though locals do
that kind of stuff too.
 Is it important to make travel plans?
I’d say yes to a degree. It helps to make an outline of what you’ll get up to - a basic
itinerary. That way, you'll be satisfied that you’ve seen and done everything you wanted to
check off on your trip and you won’t feel stressed out about the planning part all the time.
However, there should be some flexibility to your plans as sometimes people want to visit a
place that they’ve just heard about at the last minute. Therefore, people’s plans shouldn’t be
too rigid and they should be open to the moment.
 Who are more likely to make travel plans? Old or young people?
I think older people are more likely to lay out detailed travel plans beforehand since younger
people are more instinctual and open to the moment - to doing things on the fly. Old people
often extensively research the place they are going to. Therefore, they’re more likely to see
and do everything a country has to offer in a systematic way. Young people on the other
hand are more driven by what they find interesting at the moment instead of planning
everything out to a ‘T’ before setting out.
2. Describe a favorite place in your house where you can relax.
You should say:
 Where it is
 What it is like
 What you enjoy doing there
And explain why you feel relaxed at this place.

Answer:

In my house, I have a special place where I can relax, which is my bedroom. To give some
context, I live in a three-story house with my parents right by a small alley. It is painted
white on the outside and it has a small garden at the front of it. On the inside, the house has
a living room, an atrium, a dining room and the kitchen on the ground floor. Go one floor up
and you’ll find my bedroom, my dad’s office, a bathroom and my parents’ bedroom. When
you reach the top floor, there’s a guest bedroom and a storage closet. Like I said before, my
bedroom is on the second floor at one end of the hallway.

In my bedroom, there is my bed which is on the bottom right corner of the room. I also have
a TV and a PlayStation 4 directly facing the bed which allows me to comfortably watch TV
or play games on my bed. Right next to the TV is my desk where I do my work and on the
desk is a lamp and some of my mementos from childhood such as pictures from previous
trips and school certificates. Finally, on the left wall is my cabinet where all my clothes are
kept. Whenever I’m in my room, I would usually watch TV or play on the PS4 to pass the
time. However, on school nights I would do my homework and finish it as early as possible
so that I can have some free time. I feel relaxed in my room because it is my sort of happy
place where I can lie on my bed, decompress and escape from my problems for the time
being. Being in my room helps put my mind at ease.
Part 3:
 Why is it difficult for some people to relax?
I personally believe that this is because we live in a busy world that makes it hard to really
unwind. We spend hours working at hectic jobs, dealing with problems that come up, and
having too much on our plate without enough time dedicated to rest. Over time this can lead
to elevated stress and increase chances of conditions like depression. A non-stop pressured
life physically interferes with the body’s relaxation mechanisms as well.
 What are the benefits of doing exercise?
Everyone knows that exercising is essential for maintaining a healthy mind and body as well
as preventing disease. Research has proven time and time again that walking for at least
thirty minutes each day can boost your metabolism, resulting in weight loss. And it also
stimulates the release of hormones including endorphins which help reduce stress and lift up
a person’s mood. Accordingly, we can be more productive at work and lead healthier lives.
 Do people in your country exercise after work?
For sure, everyone tries to get in some exercise outside of their work. Most people head
over to a gym to get in a workout - or to play sports with friends. Some people like jogging
on their own - it’s a cheap way to stay fit that just requires a good pair of running shoes to
get started. That’s the kind of habit that is hard to keep up but if you can do it, it can become
a lifelong passion - I know lots of really committed runners.
 What is the place where people spend most of their time in their home?
The bedroom, I’d say, just by default. People unwind there - lying in bed on their laptop or
phone. Some people have space to lay out a yoga mat and do some exercise. Lots of people
have TVs in the bedroom too. And it’s the most private place in the house for most people -
they know they will be left alone there and can enjoy some me-time without any
distractions. And naturally everyone sleeps there and that takes up a good 8 hours or so each
day.
3. Describe a perfect /dream house you saw (an ideal house/apartment where you
want to live)
You should say:
 When and where you saw it
 What it looked like
 What special feature it had
And explain why you liked it.

Answer:

I bumped into a house a week ago while I was taking a walk around my local area. The
house caught my attention because of the modern design - a glass façade, three balconies,
four floors and an ornate wooden front gate. It was located right on the main street in my
hometown where all the shops and offices are. The location is convenient - whoever lives
can easily go shopping and commute to work. I figure it must be some rich person who
owns the place since the design and majesty of the house really stands out on a really
modest residential street.

Like I said before, the house has a glass façade so that plenty of natural light can pour in and
that must cut down on the electricity bill - crucial I’m sure given the cost of the house. It
also has three balconies with one on each floor minus the ground floor, and many trees and
plants outside including an herb garden and flower beds. The inhabitants can sit outside,
enjoying the fresh air and immersing themselves in the natural world with a cup of coffee -
that’s how I’d use it at least. In contrast to the house itself, the front gate is entirely made of
wood, which sort of juxtaposes the traditional and the modern in a really nice way.

I love the house because it's an interesting mix of both conventional and cutting-edge
architectural stylings, and it also has some nifty features like the glass façade so that the
people living there don’t have to rely on artificial lights - you don’t want to feel like you're
living in an office. Perhaps if it ever goes up for sale and I have enough money, I’ll try to
put in a bid. Wishful thinking, I know.

Part 3:
  What is the difference between apartments and houses?
The most obvious difference would have to be in their layouts. In a house, there are multiple
floors - bedrooms, offices, living rooms and kitchens. An apartment however, is typically
only a single floor - sometimes with a mezzanine - in a building so all of the rooms that I’ve
mentioned before are on that floor. Therefore, it is easier to go from room to room since
there’re no stairs in an apartment. In terms of which is better, it all boils down to personal
preference.
 Do young people in your country like to live with their parents or by
themselves?
It depends on each person honestly. Some prefer to live by themselves because they like to
live independently and be free to do things on their own without anyone else dictating to
them. what time they have to be home, what to wear, when to eat, etc. Others prefer to live
with their parents because they can’t afford to live on their own and they want greater
financial security. Also, these people may depend on their parents in terms of daily life - the
cooking and cleaning and so on.
 What difficulties do people have in living in the city?
I’d say one big difficulty that really stands out is the high levels of pollution. Since private
transportation releases greenhouse gases and people litter all the time, urban residents may
find it hard to tolerate living in such a heavily polluted environment. Another difficulty
would be the traffic. Like I said before, most people prefer to use their own transportation
and with a high population density, traffic jams are likely to occur frequently in the city
during rush hour.
 What do people in Vietnam prefer to live in, in an apartment or in a house?
Again, I think it boils down to what you’re into. Some like to live in apartments because
they’re compact and everything is easily accessible. You can clean up easily and walk from
room to room without tiring yourself out on the stairs. Also, there’s usually a nice view that
comes with an apartment so there’s that. Others like to live in houses because they want
more space to live in and a more unique layout. Also, living in a house comes with a status
upgrade as it is a symbol of success - or at least of inherited success.

 Why do some people move to cities from the countryside to live?

I think it’s because they want to get away from the pace of life living in a city. An urban
lifestyle is notorious for how breathless it all is - people are constantly rushing to and from
one place to another without time to chill out and smell the flowers. Some people can’t
stand that kind of rushing around so they want to slow things down and the countryside
offers the kind of slower pace they appreciate. Thus, it wouldn’t surprise me if in the future
more people decide to move to the countryside. Cities are getting gross and overcrowded.
 What are the problems with crowded cities?
One problem would be rising poverty rates. As cities are growing and becoming
overpopulated, it becomes harder and harder for local governments to provide essential
services such as education and healthcare to everyone in the city. Thus, some people will
inevitably not have access to those services and their quality of life will suffer. Another
problem would be the rising levels of uncollected rubbish, trash strewn about on the streets.
More people living in cities means more trash will be thrown away. Over time, you might
not notice it but it definitely has repercussions for public health as a whole.

4. Describe a place you want to visit with you friends or family in the future
You should say:
 Where you would like to go
 When you would like to go
 Who you want to go with
And explain why you want to visit the place.

Answer:

One city that I would like to visit with my friends for a couple of days is Manchester in
northern England.

Manchester is home to over 500,000 people, and it is often labeled as the industrial and
financial centre of northwestern England since it is where all of the major companies are
based for their operations in that area.

One thing I would like to do when I visit is watch a football game. Manchester is home to
two of the most successful football clubs in England, Manchester United and Manchester
City. I’m more of a United fan since I don’t like how City play the game and the way they
conduct business. It is a must for any United fan to make the trip to Old Trafford and watch
players like Marcus Rashford and Raphael Varane work miracles on the pitch. Another
thing I would like to do is visit the Science and Industry Museum as it highlights the pivotal
role Manchester played in the Industrial Revolution. I’ve been told that people can see
exhibits of modern technology at its earliest stages.

I like to visit Manchester with my friends because they are also interested in going there and
doing the things that I would like to do. My best friend Jon is a fellow United fan and he
wants to watch a football match at Old Trafford with me. I would like to visit this city
because not only is it a vibrant metropolis where there is always something going on, but
also it is helping to shape England’s cultural identity in numerous ways, whether it would be
its music or its long-standing sporting tradition.

Part 3:
 What are the differences between travel today and past?
One difference is the distances we can cover. In the past, it was only possible to travel a few
hundred kilometers non-stop before we could actually stop thanks to basic transportation
such as horse carriages. Nowadays, we can travel much further; we can go as far as
thousands of kilometers non-stop thanks to newer forms of transportation such as planes and
trains. Another difference is people can now more easily share their travel experiences with
others. With the advent of the Internet, people can make blog posts or use social media to
share pictures of videos of the places they’ve been to.
 Why did people like to explore new places to develop the tourism industry?
Why are these places popular?
People liked to explore new places because they are curious about the world and what it has
to offer. They want to know more about new cultures and traditions as well as visit new
landscapes that are different from those of their home country. These new places then
become popular to visit because people liked going there on their initial visit and thus, they
tell other people about it, enticing them to travel to those places as well.
 Where do you think people want to go most during the holidays?
I think people most enjoy going to the beach. For one, they can get to enjoy the often sunny
weather and get away from the gloomy weather they may experience back home. For
another, they can jump into the cool and refreshing water to just chill out and relax their
minds and bodies. Other places people enjoy going to are the mountains for the cool air and
the breathtaking vistas, and the city since there are plenty of things to do and plenty of
monuments and sites to see there.
 Do you think a society can benefit if its members have experience of travelling to
other countries? In what ways?
I think so. A society can benefit from its people traveling to other countries since they will
be more tolerant of traditions, lifestyles and beliefs that are vastly different from their own
and therefore they can be more welcoming towards foreign countries and their citizens. A
society can also benefit from its members traveling abroad since they can introduce new
viewpoints and traditions and demonstrate how they can be applied to their own society,
thus encouraging global cultural exchange.
 What problems can people have when they are on their journey, for example, to
work or school? Why is this?
A problem people can encounter on their commute to work or school is traffic jams. This is
when vehicles such as cars, bikes and buses are backed up against each other for long
stretches of time and only move incrementally every now and then. Such congestion on the
road can cause people to be late for school, work or their scheduled appointments. Another
problem that people can encounter on their journey is the poor quality of the roads. This can
be manifested through potholes or cracks on the road which can make car or bus-based
journeys rather uncomfortable.
5. Describe a park or a garden in your city
You should say:
 Where it is
 How often you go there
 What people do in this place
And explain why you like to visit it.

Answer:

In Hanoi, there’s a cool park called Centre Park that I hit up quite often. It's become my go-
to spot when I need a breather from the daily grind or if I’m in a contemplative mood.

I visit Centre Park at least once a week, typically on weekends. It's conveniently located in
the heart of the city, right between the crowded streets of the Old Quarter and Hoan Kiem
Lake. Most days, it only takes about 15 minutes to walk there from my place. I usually go to
the park with some close friends or my family, but sometimes I go there alone if no one is
up to hang out that day or I’m not feeling it.

Centre Park is often regarded as a picturesque oasis in the heart of Hanoi for locals and
tourists alike. It’s got lots of green spaces, walking paths, benches and playgrounds. People
head there for group picnics, casual jogs, or simply to part themselves on the benches,
watching people pass by. On weekends, the park is often packed with families getting in
some quality family time together. I find it refreshing to see children playing on the
playground. There’re also big lakes with paddle boats and even a pagoda where one can
seek spiritual tranquility amidst the urban chaos. The vibes there are super chill and
calming, making it the perfect place to recharge and escape all the city noise which is just a
few streets away.

I love visiting Central Park for many reasons. As I just said, it provides a literal breath of
fresh air and a chance to reconnect with nature to some degree without leaving the city. It's a
place where I can unwind, meditate, or simply enjoy a leisurely stroll. A place to get your
head right after a long day.
Part 3:
 Do young people like to go to parks?
I think it all boils down to personal preference, but sure I guess so. Since parks provide a
range of activities and facilities, they’re attractive to many young people, especially those
who love sports. You can go to play soccer, frisbee, basketball, or go jogging, or running.
Moreover, parks are good for social gatherings -meeting up with friends, having picnics,
playing games, or simply hanging out. For example, on weekends, you are likely to see
large groups of university students taking part in team-building activities. However, there
are those who may not be interested in parks if they’re too busy or anti-social.
 What do old people like to do in parks?
Many senior citizens spend lots of time in parks just to enjoy being outdoors and to get in
some fresh air and exercise. Parks can also be social places where they can interact with
others in order to maintain their mental and emotional well-being. Additionally, old people
are drawn to parks for the benches, walking paths, and gardens. They can laze around on
benches or under trees, reading books and enjoying peaceful vibes even in a densely
populated urban area.
 What benefits can parks bring to a city?
In my opinion, parks offer opportunities for people to embrace a more active lifestyle by
walking, jogging, cycling, and playing various sports. Engaging in such outdoor activities
helps urban dwellers combat sedentary habits, promoting their physical fitness and overall
health. Furthermore, a communal space like a park can help bring all members of the
community together to build up a better sense of unity and decrease feelings of isolation. As
for the environment, parks act as the figurative lungs of the city. They contribute to better
air quality as trees and vegetation in parks can help reduce carbon dioxide. These green
areas also create habitats for various plants, insects and other small creatures, therefore
encouraging biodiversity in city centres.
 What are the benefits of going to the park for young people and old people?
Parks are beneficial to the well being of both young and old people in general and there
aren’t huge differences for each demographic. Parks provide a space for all of them to get
out and be active, encouraging healthier pastimes for people from all walks of life. In
addition, while younger people can participate in social activities such as picnics, team
sports, and team building, seniors citizens can enjoy the peaceful surroundings and just chill
out in a slightly less active way.
 Should people help maintain public parks and gardens?
Absolutely yes. Like I said before, parks are so crucial to the health of a city that people
should contribute to their maintenance and upkeep. For example, individuals can help out by
picking up trash and disposing of it properly in designated bins. Also, they can participate in
volunteer programs and plant trees and flowers, teach classes and get involved in
educational campaigns. governments can add an extra layer of support by funding programs
for individuals and in this way we can all work in tandem to maintain outdoor spaces.

6. Describe a new store/shop that just opened in your area

You should say:
 What shop it is
 What it sells
 How you came to know about this shop
And explain why you like to go to this shop.

Answer:

I’m gonna talk about a new shop which has been recently opened in Aeon Mall Ha Dong
named "Tech Haven". Since its opening, the store has quickly become a hotspot for tech
enthusiasts, offerring an extensive array of the latest gadgets and electronics, making it a
true paradise for those who crave cutting-edge technology.

I’ve known about this shop when I came across its advertisement about its grand opening on
Facebook, so I decided to visit it the day after. Once time I stepped into Tech Haven, I was
impressed by a sleek, modern, and meticulously designed interior. The store exudes a
futuristic vibe that perfectly complements the innovative products it showcases.

I love this store because of its commitment to providing an interactive and immersive
shopping experience. Rather than simply observing from afar, customers are encouraged to
engage with the products firsthand. This hands-on approach empowers customers to make
informed decisions and ensures they leave the store with complete satisfaction. I also admire
its knowledgeable and friendly staff members who were passionate about technology and
are always ready to assist customers. They can provide personalized recommendations and
expert advice tailored to each customer's unique needs and preferences.

In conclusion, Tech Haven at Aeon Mall Ha Dong is more than just a store—it's an
immersive tech destination that combines sleek aesthetics, a diverse range of products,
interactive experiences, knowledgeable staff, and top-notch customer service. Thus, I will
definitely come back to this store in the near future.

Part 3:
 What types of shops would you recommend a visit to your country to go to? (Why?)
I’d recommend people visit the large open-air markets that are present in just about every town and
village in Vietnam. Every day, various merchants and farmers and artisans from all over town come
to sell their goods at these markets, whether it be food, clothing, jewellery or household appliances.
They’re worth checking out at least once because they’re the lifeblood of most towns and a visitor
can witness how the local people conduct business transactions in an everyday setting.
 Do you ever buy anything on the internet?
Sometimes. I mostly buy hardware for my computer - hard drives and portable mics online since
there’s a store on the Internet called ComputerWares.com that I like because they’ve got good deals
all the time. Other than that, I buy most of my things from physical stores since I’m not really in the
habit of ordering online that often. At physical stores, quality control has been performed by both
the manufacturer and the store so I’m guaranteed to get something of good quality and I can test it
myself before making up my mind.
 What do you think are the advantages of buying things on the internet?
The biggest advantage would be that it eliminates the need to travel to physical stores - all the time
spent traveling and the hassle of it all. They can open up an online store, find the things they need,
make an order and pay for it, all within the span of a few minutes in the comfort of their own home.
All people need to do afterwards is to wait for their ordered items to arrive at their doorstep and then
it’s done. At most apartment buildings, the shippers can just leave the goods with security in the
lobby. Ultimately, it’s a more convenient way to shop if you’re busy.
 In your country, how has shopping changed in the past few decades?
Over the past few decades, there has been a growing shift towards online shopping. E-commerce
platforms such as Shopee, Lazada and Tiki have grown in popularity as people in Vietnam have
begun to recognize the benefits of shopping online, especially post-Covid. The growth in online
shopping has been so rapid that these e-commerce companies are becoming bolder in their
marketing efforts, better-produced commercials and bigger celebrity endorsements - they’re driving
brick and mortar locations out of business.
 Do you think online stores will replace traditional stores?
I think so because online shopping is generally more convenient than in-store shopping and it’s
already a process well underway. Anyone can easily search for what they want to buy online and get
it shipped within a few days or a couple weeks max. Some shops might be able to survive this
disruption - like clothing stores where people will still want to feel the texture of the clothing and
try items on or supermarkets where you also need to handle the produce before making up your
mind. But for the most part, brick and mortar stores are fast becoming a thing of the past.

7. Describe a crowded place you have been to

You should say:
 Where the place is
 When you went there
 Whom you went there
And explain how you felt about this crowded place.

Answer:

One of the most memorable crowded places I’ve been to is Hanoi’s pedestrian square, also
known as Hanoi Walking Street. It’s a vibrant and bustling area located in the heart of the
historic Old Quarter in Hanoi and a popular destination for both locals and tourists alike as
it offers a lively and pedestrian-friendly environment. A place to get your head right after a
long day.

If my memory serves me right, I visited it first when I participated in the annual Hanoi
Carnival with my friends. The Hanoi Carnival is a colorful street festival that celebrates the
spirit of Hanoi and showcases the diverse cultures and traditions of Vietnam. The event
typically takes place in the pedestrian zone around Hoan Kiem Lake and attracts thousands
of spectators each year.
Coming to the avenue for the first time, I realized that navigating the crowd was actually
going to be both exhilarating and a bit on the challenging side. It was packed, huge crowds
moving in synchronized chaos. However, amidst the tides of people, it felt fun. People
regardless of nationality interacted with one another, engaging in conversations, laughing,
and sharing cultural knowledge with each other. That made me feel that the Hanoi
pedestrian square is not only a place for commerce and entertainment but also a space for
community engagement.

Overall, the Hanoi pedestrian square is a captivating and lively destination that offers a
sensory feast of sights, sounds, and tastes - I forgot to mention all the great food on offer
there. If anyone asks me about it, I’ll definitely recommend it!

Part 3:
 Do you think people enjoy going to crowded places? Why?
Some do, but obviously not everyone. Some like to go to crowded places because they want
to mingle and possibly make new friends. They might also be curious as to why there’s such
a crowd in a place and want to join in - like if there’s a live outdoor performance. Others
however don’t like to go to crowded places because they may feel more comfortable when
they’re alone or in a small group of friends - the extreme version of this would be an
agoraphobe. These types of people may feel claustrophobic in a crowd so they want to avoid
them as much as possible.
 How do you think people should deal with traffic congestion?
One way to cope with it would be to wait it out. That’s often the only option. Sure, the road
may be gridlocked for a time but eventually it will clear up and the traffic will start to flow
again. However, some may not have the patience to wait for the traffic to clear.
Alternatively, commuters can find a different route to get to their destination which will be
less congested. In Vietnam, with motorbikes this is a real option since you can drive on the
sidewalks and figure out a way around. If you’re in a car, then you have no choice but to
wait around - that’s why cars are so much slower in cities.
 Where is the most crowded place in your city?
I think it would have to be Hoan Kiem District. This is the central business district in Hanoi
where all of the major local and international companies are based. Therefore many office
buildings are tightly packed together in this one dense part of the city. This leads to greater
congestion as most use motorbikes and big, bulky cars to get to their offices and the roads
are narrow so that makes it a perfect recipe for traffic jams in the early morning and late
afternoon.
 People behave differently in crowded places, why do you think this happens?
I think people change their behaviours when they’re in crowded places because they know
they’re being watched by others and they’re self-conscious, keeping up appearances. You
don’t want to come off as weird or lacking in social graces so you won’t burp or cut your
nails or sing to yourself in public if you have any sense of the world around you. And a
person who doesn't have that self-control sticks out like a sore thumb.
 What do you think of the phenomenon of people queueing in restaurants for
more than an hour?
Well, that’s not really my thing - no one likes that I suppose. I definitely don’t have the
patience to wait that long to get into a restaurant. Instead, I’d find another one and hopefully
there won’t be a long line there as well. I can understand why some would choose to wait
that long. Maybe it’s because the food is really worth it - it tends to be for trendy new places
that serve something out of the ordinary. So, in those cases maybe the experience is part of
it and people are willing to put up with a long waiting time to be seated.
 Why do some people love to live in tall buildings nowadays?
I think it’s usually because they want to have a nice view of the city. Living in a tall
building guarantees people an impressive view of their home city and they want to soak it
all in. Having such a view also gives people a sense of perspective about where they are in
the world and how they fit into it. They might realize that they are just one cog in the
machine and they are only doing their bit to make it work. Being up high might even give
them a sense of superiority.

8. Describe an open-air or street market which you enjoy visiting

You should say:
 Where the market is
 What the market sells
 How big the market is
And explain why you enjoy visiting this market.

Answer:

Well, a few months ago, I visited an open-air market with my friends. This market is
popular among locals and tourists alike and I really enjoyed popping over there for the
millionth time. Hanoi night market is located in the heart of the Old Quarter - along Hang
Dao and its surrounding streets. The market typically takes place on Friday, Saturday, and
Sunday evenings, starting around 7 or 8 and lasting until late at night - until curfew I
suppose.

In the market, just about every product you can imagine is for sale, ranging from household
items, clothing, and jewelry, to handicrafts and souvenirs. Everything is a bit cheaper than
you’d find them in the mall so it’s good for people on a budget or students who are just
scraping by. On top of that, the market is most famous for the food on offer there. There are
tons of little stalls offering regional Vietnamese dishes such as banh mi, pho, fresh spring
rolls, and various grilled skewers. You can eat your fill and then some.

The market is actually pretty massive, stretching for about 3 kilometers in total - I heard that
once. It can get quite crowded, especially during the peak evening hours when locals and
tourists both gather to explore it. I remember the first time I went, I was kinda overwhelmed
by the whole scene. I found myself bumping into a lot of strangers.

But now I love strolling through the crowd to take in the lively atmosphere. It’s a unique
sensory adventure. Here, you can see, hear, and taste the essence of the city come alive as
day turns into night.

Part 3:
 What are some of the advantages of shopping at markets compared to shopping
malls?
Well, the biggest benefit of shopping at markets is that many markets allow for haggling over
prices and better bargains. If you’re good at negotiation, you can save lots of money. Also,
markets offer fresher produce including meat, vegetables, fish and fruits that have come directly
from produced by local farms. Not to mention, shopping at markets can be a relaxing and
healing experience. As many markets are held outdoors, shoppers, especially those who spend
most of their time indoors, can enjoy the fresh air and a more open and relaxed atmosphere
compared to enclosed and stuffy malls.
 Do you think markets are more suitable places for selling certain types of things?
Which ones? Why do you think this is?
Yes, for sure. Like for example, have you ever seen chicken and other livestock sold in a fancy
mall, probably not, right? This is because there are hygienic standards at supermarkets. And
plants are another good example. Markets are ideal because they need fresh air and natural light
to thrive, whereas malls can't offer that kind of nurturing environment.
 How do open-air markets reflect the cultural identity and heritage of a region?
They showcase all the elements of local life - real day-to-day life. For instance, these markets
often sell traditional crafts, local foods, and other products unique to the region. Markets are
also places where people from different backgrounds come together. There, you’ll hear the local
language spoken and witness a sense of community that mirrors the cultural values and social
norms of the region. That’s the idea at least - in practice, it’s hard to say exactly how that works
out. In Vietnam, I think that definitely holds true.
 Why do tourists often enjoy visiting local markets during their travels?
I think it all boils down to the fact that local markets are like living museums showcasing a
region’s vibrant cultural identity - when they are good at least. From traditional crafts and
textiles, to pottery and jewelry, visitors can immerse themselves in the local community. You’ll
hear the local language being used, see unique architecture and be able to enjoy authentic
cuisine. Moreover, markets are free and a great place to interact with the locals. Many
merchants warmly welcome curious tourists who show an interest in how they make their
livelihoods. In a nutshell, local markets are one of the best ways to explore a new place.
 Do you think that any recent changes in the way people live have affected general
shopping trends? Why is this?
Without a doubt. Modern lifestyles have had a profound impact on our shopping habits in
general. With the development of e-commerce, it’s more convenient than ever for people to
shop from the comfort of their home. Coupled with busy schedules, many people prefer
ordering everything from food and clothes to digital equipment and household items on various
platforms. Also, advertisements are ubiquitous now and encourage people to buy more, even
things they don’t really need.

9. Describe a place in your country that you are interested in

You should say:
 Where it is
 How you know it
 What it is famous for
And explain why you think it is interesting.

Answer:

The place that immediately comes to my mind is Ha Giang, a province located in the
northernmost region of my country. In recent years, Ha Giang's remote and unspoiled nature
has gained immense popularity among globetrotters, adventurers and nature lovers alike.
Foreigners but locals too. I’m always coming across breathtaking pictures and videos posted
by friends and influencers on social media of their trips to Ha Giang. A lot of the images are
burned in my mind at this point.

The province is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes. Steep mountain passes, deep
valleys, winding roads and foggy villages all around. Every year, around October and
November, the Ha Giang Mountains are in full bloom. The valleys are carpeted by endless
fields of yellow cabbage, peach blossoms and violet buckwheat flowers. It’s mesmerizing
and most people in Vietnam consider it to be our finest example of raw natural beauty.
However, what appeals to me the most is the pristine terraced rice fields that seem to stretch
endlessly into the horizon. In spring, the terraces are filled with water, creating a mirror-like
effect that reflects the sky and surroundings and is made for taking panoramic pictures.

Moreover, this remote corner of the country is home to numerous ethnic minority groups.
The Hmong, Tay, Dao, and many others have their own distinct traditions, languages, and
customs. They coexist harmoniously, contributing to the vibrant mosaic of cultures that is
often overlooked in Vietnam. Ha Giang's cultural diversity is on full display with colorful
traditional costumes, vibrant local markets, traditional festivals and various rituals. Living in
such remote areas, the locals are known for their resilience, hard work, and character. But
they’re also very friendly and hospitable. While visiting, we can interact with local
communities by sharing meals with local families, listening to their stories that have been
handed down for generations, and participating in age-old ceremonies. Oh, I forgot to
mention one of the most appealing specialties on offer there - the different kinds of rice and
corn and fruity wines they distill themselves!

Part 3:
 How can people access travel information?
Nowadays, people can access travel information through many different channels. One of
the bigger ones is social media. Travel agencies often share quick travel tips on Tiktok, post
virtual tours on YouTube, and present aesthetically pleasing snapshots of travel destinations
on Instagram. In the comments sections, people often share their advice, opinions, and
personal experiences, which then serve as information for others. Travelers can also use
travel websites, forums, and mobile applications. These resources help them plan their trips
better, from booking flights and accommodations to exploring local cuisine options and
activities.
 What causes the differences between different regions of your country?
Well, it’s hard to provide a comprehensive answer to this question since there are numerous
factors. I’m no expert, but I can certainly highlight some key elements. First, geography and
climate have an immense impact on lifestyle and culture. For example, coastal areas often
have distinct seafood-based cuisines, while inland regions have different agricultural
practices. But, it's not just geography and weather; it's also history, economics, and the
people there - the ethnic groups too. All these factors mix together and create diversity in a
way that I’m underqualified to educate you about.
 Do younger people like to try new things more than older people?
I’d say young people are generally much more inclined to take risks and try new things, for
obvious reasons. At a young age, we’re more curious about life and always want to explore
things around us. For example, trying exotic foods, traveling to off-the-beaten-path
destinations, learning a new language and skills, the list goes on… It's an essential part of
learning and maturing, I guess. However, contrary to general belief, people of my parents'
age are also open to trying new things, especially when they want to improve themselves
and keep up with a changing society that they fear may be leaving them behind. For
example, my dad, a farmer, signed up for a course about computers and technology while
my mom took up a new hobby recently: contemporary dance.
 Is a great tourist destination also a good place to live?
Not really. I mean, living in a popular tourist destination sounds appealing on the outside
but it also can be extremely annoying. First, the cost of living is generally higher there.
Some people might find it hard to keep up with pricing practices that cater to tourists. On
top of that, touristy places often come with annoyances, such as a constant stream of
vendors, tour guides, scammers, and beggars. There may also be issues with the crowds
themselves, including noise, traffic, and pollution, and that’s definitely not an ideal place to
call home.
 Why do some people go to live in small towns?
There are many reasons for people to settle down in small towns. If you’re looking for peace
and quite naturally that’s a good reason. In fact, living in cities may be extremely stressful
due to traffic, air pollution and crowded streets, I mean, you name it. Another reason could
be that the cost of living is generally much lower in small towns. Real estate prices, rent,
groceries and consumer goods and services are a fraction of the cost of what they would be
in major metropolitan areas. Finally, I think some people, especially the elderly, are moving
to smaller towns these days because they want a more close-knit community. People there
normally know their neighbors and recognize each other on the street. They have stronger
social bonds, I’d say.
TOPIC 6:
OTHERS
1. Describe a skill you can teach others
You should say:
 What it is
 When you learned it
 How you taught others
And explain how you feel about this skill.

Answer:

Today I’m going to tell you about a skill that I'm particularly fond of imparting to others -
juggling a football. Basically, it involves getting started by kicking the ball into the air and
then using your feet to keep kicking it up. The purpose of this is to keep the ball up as long
as possible. The reason I love teaching this fundamental football drill is that it doesn’t
require any special equipment like training cones or hurdles. Really all you need is a ball
and a bit of space to play around comfortably. Also, it’s one of the most basic skills that
every football player needs to master as it can help enhance ball control and touch. This is
fundamental if they want to be proficient in more advanced skills like shooting, passing, and
dribbling.

I first learned how to do keep-ups when I started playing football in primary school. My PE
teacher instructed us how to juggle the ball and at first, I couldn’t even keep the ball up in
the air for more than 3 seconds. But my teacher encouraged me to not give up as all things
are difficult before they are easy. So, I kept on training on my own at the playground near
my house every day after school. Over the years, I’ve gradually honed my skills through
regular practice and participating in football games with my classmates. This has helped me
improve my game a lot in a more general sense and I also enjoy the sport more because I am
able to help my teammates out and show off my skills. You don’t do actual keep-ups in a
match but it helps other skills that are used in games develop.

I'm really passionate about teaching this skill to other footballers because it allows me to
share my love for the sport and contribute to others’ physical and personal development. For
me, football isn't just a game; it's also a way to promote teamwork, physical fitness, and
mental well-being. And I'm looking forward to teaching and inspiring others through this
skill in the future.
Part 3:
 What kind of people are good at teaching?
For me, good teachers are those who possess not only deep knowledge of their subject
matter but also strong fundamental teaching skills. They should be knowledgeable about
their field so that they can guide other people to understand the subject better. Also, they
should be patient, empathetic, and approachable as not all students are the same, you know.
Each learner has his or her own strengths and weaknesses and good pedagogy allows
teachers to adjust their methods so that students at all levels can keep up and get the most
out of the lesson.
 What qualities should teachers have?
Well, there are a wide range of qualities that teachers should possess in order to excel in
their profession. But, for me, the two most essential qualities are passion and subject
knowledge. Firstly, they should be passionate about their subject since teaching is a
demanding, thankless career and one needs to have a strong passion to keep motivated.
Also, enthusiasm is contagious and can inspire students. Secondly, teachers must definitely
have good knowledge of their subject. Those who don’t meet this requirement shouldn’t
teach as they may do more harm than good.
 Which do you think is more important, practical or academic skills?
Honestly, I think both practical and academic skills have their own significance but I guess
I’d go with the former overall. Academic skills provide a strong theoretical foundation,
while practical skills are essential for applying what’s been learned to real-life situations.
So, the ideal approach is to strike a balance between theoretical understanding and practical
application. But ultimately a person who can do things in the world will always be more
valuable than someone just sitting around who knows things about the world in theory.
 Which age group is the best at learning new things?
Well, I believe that it’s never too late to learn new things, but the younger age groups,
particularly children and teenagers, tend to have a remarkable ability to learn new things
more quickly than all other demographics. I think this is because their brains are still
developing and, therefore, they are more adaptable and open to new information - more
malleable. For example, students who study economics can easily gain a basic grasp of
subjects in IT within a few hours by watching online tutorials. This is harder as you get
older. Also, I think they’re more eager to learn as they’re still discovering themselves so
they are more open to taking up new skills to understand their own strengths and
weaknesses.
 What’s the difference between the roles of teachers and parents in education?
That’s an interesting question, in my opinion, teachers and parents play distinct but
complementary roles in education. On the one hand, teachers are responsible for imparting
academic knowledge, fostering critical thinking, and promoting social skills in a formal
educational setting. They provide a structured learning environment. On the other hand,
parents are the child's first teachers, responsible for instilling values, ethics, and basic life
skills. They provide emotional support and ideally create a nurturing environment at home.
In the end, I think both teachers and parents contribute significantly to a child's holistic
development, each in their unique way. That’s how it should work out if everyone in society
were a perfectly designed robot without any flaws in the manufacturing process - real world
people are another story of course.

2. Describe a happy experience in your childhood that you remember well

You should say:
 When and where it happened
 Who you were with
 What you saw or did
And explain why you remember it so well.

Answer:

I fondly remember the time I went to Disneyland for the first time. It was the one in Paris
and the memory of it is seared into my brain - in a good way, haha. When I was six years
old, I was in France visiting my grandfather who was working there at the time - he lived in
Paris for some years and my family and I stayed with him for a couple of weeks. One day,
my grandfather along with my parents decided to take me and my little sister along to
Disneyland for a fun day out with the whole family. When we finally got there, to my
younger self it looked as magical as the Disney movies themselves. It was so vast and all the
sections had a theme attached to them that was relevant to a famous Disney movie - the
castle from Beauty and the Beast, an underwater Little Mermaid ride and so on.
What we did first was go on a roller coaster. I remember it being so fast and there were
plenty of twists and turns - it was scary. Afterwards, we went on a merry-go-round where
the seats were modeled after the teacups from Beauty and the Beast. That was a fun ride as
well. We also got to see full-sized mascots of famous Disney characters like Mickey Mouse,
Goofy and Donald Duck. I grew up watching their cartoons so seeing them in person was a
joy to behold and definitely a major highlight for me as a kid. Finally, we got to have lunch
with food based on the dishes seen in the movie Ratatouille. They tasted as good as they
looked in the movie - though I didn’t actually order any ratatouille.

I recall this trip to Disneyland so well because it was such a thrill to go there for the first
time. It was such an overwhelming experience to see the characters and movies me and my
sister loved watching as kids come to life in the form of an amusement park.

Part 3:
 What do you think is the most important memory for children?
I think the most significant memory for lots of children is when they start school. I say that
because it’s the start of their long-gestating development into mature adults. It’s also the
start of them entering the real world away from the comfort of their home, where they will
have to face key challenges and overcoming them will promote their growth into well-
adjusted individuals. That’s why parents make such a big deal out of their kids going to
school for the first time.
 How can we improve our memories?
I think the best way to improve your memory is to play memory-based games - puzzles or
board games. These games challenge us to remember what goes with what and where the
pieces should go and by playing them frequently throughout the week, we can better
remember things. For example, people can play games on their phones where they have to
memorize a certain pattern and by copying that pattern to a T, their mental capacity to
remember will improve.
 Why do you think some people have better memory than others?
I think one reason may be that they are born with a better memory. It’s genetic
predisposition - inherited from your parents and passed down by distant ancestors who also
had really good memories. Or it could be a sudden mutation too. Another reason may be
because they might have trained their memory skills extensively. Some people have trained
themselves to remember things better by doing exercises or playing games which challenge
their memory.
 What are the things people should not forget?
One thing people shouldn’t forget is their appointments, I’m speaking from personal
experience here. It’s important to remember what appointments you have and what time
they start so that you can get important things done on time and not annoy they people you
work with. For example, one shouldn’t forget a dentist appointment so that your teeth stay
healthy and you don’t mess up the dentist’s schedule for that day. Another thing people
shouldn’t forget is their wallet, especially when going out in case they need to buy
something on the fly, it helps to have your wallet with you and it is obvious what happens if
you don’t - you have to steal, of course.
 What kinds of things do people often remember nowadays?
I think most people have some childhood memories that stand out to them. They are
reminders of a simpler time when they weren’t burdened with adult responsibilities like
paying their taxes, doing their job or raising kids of their own. Or it could be a big family
holiday when you were a kid. The first time you fly is memorable - the first time you go
abroad. The things that people remember nowadays are no different from what people
remembered in the past.

3. Describe a difficult task that you completed at work/study that you felt proud of
You should say:
 What the task was
 How you completed it
 Why the task was difficult
And explain why you were proud at the completion of the task.

Answer:

A significant accomplishment that I'm particularly proud of is building a website from

scratch. It was a project I undertook during my final year of university, and it turned out to
be a valuable learning experience.
The project involved creating an online testing system wherein teachers can upload exams,
homework, lectures, etc. so that students can check in with the website to complete
exercises, revise lessons and even take tests. I chose this project because I wanted to foster
improved online learning since students often fall behind in lecture halls and need some
individual learning time. Also, I hoped to improve my own web development skills through
a practical project to stand out and be a more attractive candidate for later job applications.

To complete the task, I began by conducting research with my teachers to understand the
specific requirements for this sort of website. I also collected content, including text,
images, and videos, that would be featured on the site. Next, I got really into web
development and started building the website's structure and design from a user experience
perspective. I also used a database management system to store sensitive information like
test results and teacher and student IDs.

One of the main reasons why building this website was challenging was that I had to do it
all by myself since my 2 other team members had already dropped out of the project by the
time we were due to start. Also, I faced time constraints as I was already juggling my
regular coursework with my part-time job. So, I had to burn the midnight oil almost every
day to meet the deadline.

Eventually, I was able to complete the website and I was immensely proud of this
achievement. I acquired new skills in web development and content management. Also, the
project allowed me to improve my time management and problem-solving skills. It was
incredibly rewarding to see the website go live and receive positive feedback from my
teachers. I think this experience has given me the confidence to take on more challenging
projects in the future.

Part 3:
 What are the things that make people feel proud?
People often feel proud when they achieve personal goals or milestones. For example, when
it comes to study, students might gain a sense of accomplishment when they obtain a degree
from an online course or pass an exam with flying colors. Those who are working can also
get this same feeling when they complete a challenging project or land a well-paid job. As
you get older, it may be harder to come by as you realize your place within the universe.
  Do people often feel proud of themselves when they complete a difficult task?
Yeah, definitely, completing a difficult task is a common source of pride for the vast
majority of healthy individuals. To overcome tough challenges, they have to put in a huge
amount of time, energy, and effort. This can be both frustrating and exhausting. So, when
people overcome these difficulties and step outside of their comfort zones, they grow and
develop self-confidence, which can lead to feelings of pride and build on itself. There’s
nothing better than the feeling of being on the right track in life.
 What challenges do young people face today?
Well, younger generations today are facing a variety of difficulties. One of the most
common ones is academic pressure. Many young people nowadays are under pressure to
perform well at school as many parents now invest a lot of money and energy into living
vicariously through their kids. So, students need to study harder than in the past just to live
up to the expectations of their parents and society. And this leads to another common
challenge: career uncertainty. Most teenagers today have to study long hours to please their
parents, causing them to not have enough time for their personal interests and so they can’t
figure out what they really want to do in the future. This can even lead to serious mental
health issues.
 How can young people handle difficult or challenging tasks?
Young people can handle tough tasks in different ways. Some can seek out guidance and
support from their mentors or peers, while others might opt to rely on their own problem-
solving skills and determination. But I think the most common way that many young people
solve their problems is by taking advantage of technology and online resources to access
information and potential solutions. Reddit is a great resource and should be everyone’s
starting point.
 What kinds of rewards do people receive from work?
I think workers receive various kinds of rewards from their work in my country. But the
most popular rewards are financial compensation and career growth opportunities. For
instance, the best employees at the end of the month may earn monetary rewards from their
employers as a sign of recognition. Also, some workers who have been working in a
company for a long time can apply for promotions as a way to encourage them to be loyal.
4. Describe an invention that changed people's lives
You should say:
 What it is
 What it does
 How popular it is among people of different ages
And explain why you think it changed people's lives.

Answer:

Well, to be honest, there are tons of wondrous inventions that have changed our lives for the
better I could highlight, but to single out one, then I would definitely go for an airplane -
one of the greatest awe-inspiring inventions of our time. I've read up about it on the internet
before but I can't remember exactly when it was first built or who invented it. Some
Americans I think and probably in the neighborhood of the early 20th century or so.

There are several reasons why I consider the airplane to be one of the most influential
inventions thus far. For one thing, it has significantly shortened travel time for overseas
journeys. In the past, moving from one country to another would take us weeks or even
months or years and most people would probably pass away on the journey, but with
airplanes, you can hop on a flight and be there in a matter of hours. Lots of people take that
for granted these days - trips that were almost impossible in the past now are nearly
effortless. Something to think about when complaining that your flight is a few hours late or
there isn’t enough leg room… On top of that, it encourages people to travel abroad more
often, which leads to the growth of the tourism industry in various countries and generates
significant economic benefits for locals. Besides, the risk of having an accident while
traveling by plane is much lower compared to other modes of transport so it's a safer way to
travel - naturally you can’t really fly to work as part of a daily commute though.

As an avid traveler, I feel so grateful to the ones who came up with manned flight - not
grateful enough to learn their names but still - because it enables me to set foot in disparate
cultures and learn more about people from all walks of life. All in all, had it not been for the
invention of the airplane, the world would be a smaller, dimmer place to live.

Part 3:
  Can you name any other inventions that have made a big impact on human
society?
The automobile is a big one that comes to mind. First invented by Daimler in the late 19th
century, it was presented as a faster and more comfortable alternative to horse-drawn
carriages which were the most popular form of road-based transportation at that time. The
introduction of the car transformed the world - leading to sprawling highways and road
networks and big companies like Ford that took advantage of the mania for automobiles.
Little did we know back then the environmental impact they would have.
 What do you think makes an invention "useful"?
An invention can be considered as useful if it has made life more convenient for average
citizens. For example, a vacuum cleaner can be considered as useful since it’s an easier
alternative to using a broom and dustpan to clean the floor and it can cover more ground in
less time and do a better job of it - on carpets especially. Similarly, a USB stick can be
considered as a useful invention because it can store documents and pictures while being
carried around in a small and compact case. Those are just a couple but the list goes on…
 What new invention(s) would you like to be available in the future?
A new invention I’d really like to see in the future would be a self-driving car. I have always
had an abiding interest in cars but I’ve never driven one myself. However, with the advent
of self-driving cars, I won’t need to. I can still own a car but instead of being at the wheel
myself, I can program the car to automatically drive and take me to my destination.
Meanwhile, I can just sit back and relax and watch the landscape pass me by or even read a
book while on the road. Although they might require drivers to still have a license just in
case so that could throw a wrench in my plans…
 What are some examples of inventions that are used in the home?
Well, examples abound but one would be the vacuum cleaner. These devices such up debris
and dust that is lying there and they’re less strenuous than using a broom and dustpan - you
probably knew that already. Another example would be the microwave. It’s much easier to
use a microwave than to use the stove or oven to heat up food, especially if it’s only
leftovers - you wouldn’t use it to cook nice food that you want to taste good.
 Do you think these inventions tend to make people lazy?
I don’t think so. If anything, they just make daily tasks more efficient, which is not the same
as being lazy though it can sometimes lead to lethargy. Laziness implies that there is no
effort put in at all to their work, meaning that they haven’t tried doing anything. Efficiency
implies that there is still effort put into whatever it is, but only less so just to make life a
little bit easier. We shouldn’t be forced to go too hard on menial tasks. So no, I don’t think
these home appliances make people lazy necessarily - being lazy is a basic human trait that
exists regardless of whether or not you have a fridge.
 What are some examples of electronic or electrical equipment that are used in
schools (in classrooms)?
One example would be the calculator. As the name suggests, it is a portable electronic
device that does calculations for students, you might have some experience with one... It’s
most commonly used in subjects such as mathematics and the sciences since there are a lot
of formulas involved. Another example would be the desktop computer. Students at school
can do research for their assignments as well as online exercises for subjects like maths and
music. Phones too - but those aren’t allowed if the school is any good.

5. Describe something you would like to learn in the future

You should say:
 What it is
 How you would like to learn it
 Why you would like to learn it
And explain whether it is difficult to learn it.

Answer:

Someday, I would like to learn how to fix a TV. I watch TV a lot, a lot a lot, but the one I
have keeps breaking down and so I end up having to call the repairman and pay for the
repairs month after month so I’ve decided to take matters into my own hands and have
vowed to learn how to do basic repairs on a TV. I would like to learn this skill from a
professional repairman because he or she will have the specialized knowledge that will keep
me from making a mess of things. Luckily, I know a few friends who are repairmen who
can help me out with this endeavour. I’d also like to learn to repair TVs at home since it’ll
be something I can do by myself and for myself and I won’t have to rely on a repairman for
every simple little problem. I don’t intend to learn in a school setting - no need in my
opinion.

I’m so interested in learning this because I think it's crucial for everyone to be able to get
basic repairs done on their own to promote self-reliance and also save a lot of time and
effort. More than that, I’ll be able to save by not having to pay the repairman to fix my TV
every time it breaks down - so there’s a two-fold benefit there.

However, I acknowledge that it will be a challenging skill to pick up since it's very technical
and there are many parts of a TV to pay attention to that could be potentially dangerous.

Part 3:
 What’s the most popular thing to learn nowadays?
I’d say that people these days are most into learning a new language. Some do it as a hobby
while others do it out of necessity for education or work. Learning a new language has
become a popular trend these days because, for one, a language is a window into another
country’s culture and people are curious about foreign cultures. For another, it’s a cognitive
challenge that lots of people relish. Something to invest time in and then later on a good
party trick.
 At what age should children start making their own decisions? Why?
I think that children should start deciding things for themselves around the age of 7. I say
that because at that point, they are more or less aware of the world around them and they
have learned the basics from their parents as to what is right and wrong as well as what are
life’s great priorities, which include finding a job, marriage and raising a family. Though
they won’t be making decisions about that when they’re 7… If children start too late, then
their development into mature, independent adults might be stunted and they might remain
heavily dependent on their parents even later in life.

 Which makes young people choose a major, income or interest?

I think people choose a major based more on their interest in it rather than how much they
can earn from it, these days. If people find a subject that interests them, then they will be
stimulated to do their best in it and they can get more pleasure out of working on it. If
people chose a major based on how much money they can earn from it, then there’s a very
real chance that they won’t enjoy it and thus want to give it up and do something else, which
will end up being a waste of time for everyone involved.
 Do young people take their parents’ advice on choosing a major?
In Vietnam, I would say that most of the time, young people like to forge their own path in
life and thus are less inclined to heed their parents’ advice on what major to choose, these
days at least. parents will likely recommend the same major that they studied or one that is
related to finance or business but young people are more individualistic in their career
aspirations nowadays and thus they want to follow their dreams and not conform to what
their family expects of them. So yes, young people don’t really take their parents’ counsel
when it comes to choosing a major any more.
 Besides parents, who else would people take advice from?
People would take advice from their friends. They would do so since they may have
undergone the same situations as them and are thus qualified to give sage advice on what to
do under the circumstances. For example, if someone is having problems with their
relationship, they can consult their friends since they have experienced the same problems
as well and thus, they know what to do to solve these problems. Hence, people don’t always
rely on their parents for advice.
 Why do some people prefer to study alone?
Some like to study alone to be free from external distractions. When studying in a group,
people can strike up conversations with each other or get noisy and thus get sidetracked
from doing any actual work. By studying alone, people are more likely to be focused on
their work and get it done faster. However, that’s not to say that there’s anything wrong
with studying in a group, as people can exchange ideas and help each other with their
assignments.

6. Describe an important text message you received

You should say:
 Who sent the message
 What was in the message
  Why the person sent the message
And explain why the message was important to you.

Answer:

You know, I get bombarded with messages all day long it seems like. Most of them? Meh,
nothing special. But there was one message that really had a huge impact on my life.

I got the text message about a year ago. It came at a time when I was in between jobs and
feeling really uncertain about the future.

It was a Sunday morning I was lying down on my bed messing around on my phone and
chilling out to some music. And out of the blue, a message from the HR manager of a
prestigious company I had applied for popped up on my phone. I'd landed the job - a big
surprise because it was a long-shot and I’d already forgotten I’d applied. I quickly got out of
the bed and rushed to show it to my parents right away. I was at such a low point and that
really just lifted my spirits.

Honestly, the message meant the world to me. It wasn't just a job offer, it felt like well-
deserved recognition for the hard work and dedication I had put into honing my skills, and
building my professional qualifications over the years. Plus, it marked the beginning of a
new exciting chapter in my life. It meant I'd get to work on cutting-edge projects and team
up with talented colleagues, fostering both personal and professional growth. That’s what I
thought at the time at least.

Since this message set me off on a new path, I haven’t deleted it. Whenever I read it, it’s a
pick-me-up that reminds me to stay focused, keep my head down, keep grinding, and wait
for my luck to turn.
Part 3:
 Why do some people dislike using text messages?
Some individuals shy away from text messages as they’re unequivocally impersonal. Unlike
face-to-face or phone conversations where we perceive emotional cues like vocal tones and
facial expressions, texting lacks these, leading to potential misunderstandings. And there's
the risk of texts being screenshotted or intercepted, raising privacy concerns.
 Have the ways that people communicate with each other changed much in the
last few decades?
Over the past few decades, communication has transformed dramatically. Previously, we
had more face-to-face interactions, landline conversations, and handwritten letters. Now,
with smartphones and the internet, we can instantly message, use social media to share
updates, and video call across continents. Additionally, the rise of platforms like Facebook
and Twitter has also changed the brevity of our language, with emojis and GIFs adding new
layers of expression. However, despite these advances, we grapple with novel challenges
such as information overload, concerns over privacy, and the yearning for genuine, heartfelt
connection. So I’m not sure the juice is worth the squeeze in the end when it comes to
technology.
 Why do people prefer texting as compared to phone calls?
People prefer texting over phone calls for several reasons. First off, texting offers
convenience. One can send a message at any time, without needing an immediate response
from the receiver. That can increase efficiency for busy people. What’s more, some people
find texting less anxiety-inducing. It gives them time to formulate their thoughts and
responses, eliminating the pressure of on-the-spot verbal communication. That’s a double-
edged sword of course as it makes people more introverted, shy, and insecure. Finally,
texting often provides a written record of the conversation, which can be useful for
reference or documentation purposes. This can help avoid misunderstandings and
forgetfulness.
 Do you think modern technology has a negative influence on communication?
Absolutely! There are a few concerns that come to my mind. Firstly, the prevalence of
smartphones and constant connectivity can sometimes lead to a lack of real, face-to-face
interaction. We might find ourselves engrossed in our screens rather than engaging with the
people around us. This is a pretty common sight at most coffee shops the world over. This
can erode the quality of our personal relationships. Added to that is the constant
notifications, the allure of social media, and the temptation to check our devices during
conversations - all these annoyances disrupt the flow and depth of our interactions.
 What do you think are some of the main differences between written
communication and spoken communication?
When it comes to communication, written and spoken styles have their own flavors. Written
communication usually leans towards formality and structure, while spoken exchanges tend
to be more casual and off-the-cuff. Plus, the written word affords you the luxury to take
your time to compose and edit your thoughts, making them polished, while real life
conversation is in real-time and is much more spontaneous. And last but not least, when it
comes to longevity, notes and texts can be stored and revisited, unlike speaking, which is
transient and therefore relies a lot on having a good memory.

7. Describe a job you think is interesting

You should say:
 What it is
 When you started concerning about this job
 Why you think it is interesting
And explain how you like it.

Answer:

A job that I find interesting is that of a pilot for a commercial airline. Basically - as you
don’t need me to tell you, I hope - a pilot is tasked with flying a plane to a certain
destination with its passengers and cargo on board. I first became interested in this job when
I heard from some of my friends who were also pilots how cool it is. They told me about
how you get to fly to amazing destinations and see the clouds and mountains and ocean pass
by you while also being served mediocre food by the attendants. I thought to myself that
sounds like an interesting job and I would like to apply for it.
However, I was also told that there’s a high barrier of entry to being a pilot which includes
being in tip-top shape and having extensive knowledge of mathematics since it is useful in
navigating the skies. I’m not sure that I’ll ever get a chance to really commit to that course
of action in the future, but maybe.

I find the job of a pilot to be interesting for a few reasons. You get to fly to beautiful
destinations for one and you get paid to do it, which is the cherry on top of the whole thing.
Essentially you get paid to travel to places that you like which is just the life for a person
who loves traveling like myself. There are drawbacks naturally - I’d hate for the plane to
crash into a mountain and we’d all have to do whatever it takes to survive in the wild for
months or even years. From the movies and shows I’ve seen, that kind of thing is pretty
common.

Part 3:
 What jobs are popular among younger people in VietNam?
Teaching jobs are synonymous with younger people in Vietnam. There are so many of them
up for grabs these days and the barrier for entry is rather low, meaning that anyone
regardless of expertise can get a job in the classroom. Coffee shops are also popular. It’s
easy-going work, providing them practical experience that can later be applied to other parts
of the service industry like working in hotels or restaurants.
 What are the differences when people choose jobs between now and in the past?
In the past, people chose their jobs depending on how much money they could earn - well
that’s not so different from today actually. But at that time, they were really preoccupied
with earning enough money to support themselves and their family and didn’t care much
about other aspects of their job. Nowadays, people choose their jobs not just based on their
income but also enjoyment and passion. If people enjoy the work they do, then they will be
more motivated to do their best and become more productive as a result.
 Which is more important, the people you work with or the job you do?
I think both are equally important but actually I’d give the edge to the people probably. The
job is important - if it’s something fun or that benefits society as a whole, that’s great. You
don’t want to be working for some anonymous business that is just concerned with making
money. However, the people you work with are more important because if they’re good at
what they do and are easy to get along with, they can help you get your work done faster
and more efficiently, and most importantly, making sure you have a good day.
 What is the difference between high-income and low-income jobs in your
country?
I think this mostly boils down to the sectors these jobs are in. Most low-income jobs are in
sectors which require extensive manual labor such as manufacturing and they are poorly
paid since society seems to value intellect more than physical ability. That reasoning is
evidenced in how most high-income jobs are in sectors that are more white-collar such as
education, healthcare and science. I believe there should be more income parity across all
sectors.
 When is the right time for young people to start making serious plans for their
future careers?
I think that by the time young people are in their mid-20s, they should start focusing on
what they’re going to do in lifes. The reason is that from the time they graduate high school
up to that point, they will have had enough time to accumulate practical skills and
experience working in various sectors. By then, they’ll have figured out what they enjoy
doing the most as a job and from there young people can decide to pursue that job as a long-
term career.
 What are the factors that affect how young people choose a job?
One factor would be the income. The higher it is, the more attractive the job is to young
people, all people actually. They want to feel like they are earning enough to support
themselves and maintain their independence as working adults. Another factor would be the
level of satisfaction the job can bring. If people like the work they do, they will be more
motivated to do it to the best of their ability and therefore become more productive and
valued within the company. Hard to get both though.

8. Describe a rule that is important at your school or work

You should say:
 What the rule is
 What happens when people break the rule
 Why you think it is an important rule
And explain how you feel about the rule.

Answer:
Alright, so one of the key rules we have in school is about wearing our uniforms. Let me
break it down for ya.
Obviously, the rule means you have to wear the school’s designated uniform. For our
school, it’s a specific shirt with the school logo, trousers or skirt, and sometimes even a tie
or blazer. The idea is that everyone, no matter who you are or where you're from, wears the
exact same outfit every day to school and that helps break down socioeconomic barriers and
divisions that could crop up.
If anyone is caught not wearing their uniform or making alterations to it, they face
consequences. Sometimes it’s just an initial warning, but if you’re a repeat offender, you
might get detention or even sent home to change.
You know, at first, I used to think, "Why all the fuss about clothes?" But over time,
I’ve come to appreciate the uniform rule. First, it creates a sense of equality among all the
students. No one can show off their fancy branded clothes or make someone else feel like
less because of what they can afford. It puts everyone on the same wavelength in a way.
Plus, it saves a lot of time in the morning! No one has to spend ages deciding on what to
wear because it’s been decided for you in advance. To be honest, there are days when I wish
I could wear my own clothes to express my personality. But overall, I think the uniform rule
is a good thing. It keeps things simple, makes everyone look smart, and like I said before,
fosters a sense of community among the student body. Now when I look back at old school
photos, seeing all of us in the uniform brings back so many fond memories. It makes me feel
nostalgic!
So, yeah, that’s the whole uniform rule thing from my school. Love it or hate it, it has been
a big part of my school life and that’s generally the case all across Vietnam where school
uniforms are the norm.
Part 3:
 What rules should children follow at home in your country?
Well, you know, when it comes to rules for children at home, it really varies from one
household to another, but from my perspective, there are some common ones that come to
mind. Firstly, respect is huge. Most parents teach their kids to be polite, to listen when
adults are speaking, and not to use foul language. Then there's the whole bit about chores.
Even from a young age, most kids have basic responsibilities around the house. It could be
as simple as tidying up their toys, setting the table, or, as they get older, helping out with the
dishes or laundry. And now, in the age of technology, limiting screen time has become a
standard rule. This isn't just about TV anymore; it's also about tablets, phones, and video
games.
 On what occasions can children be forgiven if they don't follow the rules?
Well, there are several instances where it might be reasonable to forgive children for not
complying with rules. Children, just like us adults, have days when they feel overwhelmed.
If a kid breaks a rule because they're upset or stressed, they might need a comforting word
more than a reprimand. It shouldn’t be a knee-jerk reaction to just discipline kids. Also, let’s
not forget curiosity. Kids are naturally curious. Sometimes, their eagerness to explore might
cause them to ignore certain rules. Like, touching something they shouldn’t in a museum
out of sheer curiosity. The intention is not bad so the punishment shouldn’t be either.
 What rules should people follow when using public transport?
Oh, when it comes to public transport, there’re several formal rules that come to mind for
me. First, always make sure to stand in line. It's just smoother if everyone waits their turn
and lets others get off before getting on. You don’t want a logjam. Once you're on, say, a
bus or train, if you're sitting and an elderly or maybe someone with a disability gets on, it's a
nice gesture to offer up your seat. Oh, and noise! I think we've all been on a journey where
someone's talking really loudly or playing music without headphones. Keeping the volume
down just makes the ride better for everyone.
 What are the reasons that cause people to break the rules?
From my perspective, this varies so much by situation. It might just be ignorance. Maybe
they don't even know there's a rule in place. Then, there's the whole rebellious aspect. You
know, teenagers might break the rules just to assert their independence or to challenge
authority. Impatience can be a factor too. Imagine someone parking in a no-parking zone
just because they're in a hurry and think it'll only be for a minute. Some of these reasons are
more understandable than others.
 When people break rules, how are they punished in your country?
Well, the way people are punished for breaking rules really depends on the severity of the
rule they've broken. For minor traffic offenses, like speeding just a little over the limit or
parking wrong in a prohibited zone, they might just get a ticket and have to pay a fine (or
nothing at all in most cases). But if someone's driving recklessly or under the influence, that
can lead to heavier fines, losing their license, or even jail time in severe cases.

9. Describe a long car journey you went on

You should say:
 Where you went
 What you did at this place
 Who you went there with
And explain why you went on that journey by car.

Answer:

Well, I’d like to talk about a long car trip to Sa Pa which was one of the most unforgettable
journeys that I have ever taken - with my best friends. If I’m not mistaken, it was a couple
years back now. At the time, we had just finished our final exams, so my friends and I
decided to go somewhere to unwind after all the nerve-racking hours of studying diligently
and procrastinating even more diligently. We chose Sa Pa as our destination. As you know,
Sa Pa is renowned for its ethereal beauty, characterized by the awe-inspiring landscapes
adorned with rice terraces - for a lot of people, it’s their favorite place to travel in Vietnam
and totally unique culturally.

Because it was a long journey, we set off early in the morning at more or less the crack of
dawn. We were all massively excited about this trip so although we felt really sleepy at first,
we revved up pretty quick.

One of the main reasons why we chose a car trip was because cars are more comfortable and
safer compared to motorbikes - though not as fun and you can get motion sickness on all the
bumpy, winding mountain roads. Flights there are also crazy expensive so we went by car.
The road trip there was cool in itself - we passed by lots of quaint old buildings and
breathtaking views of the towering mountains, fast-flowing rivers and terraced rice fields,
the captivating natural beauty that brings in most tourists going there. On top of that, you
can do lots in a car that you can’t on a motorbike or in a plane. For example, besides taking
a look at the landscape outside, I can listen to music, chat with my friends to unwind or
simply turn on the AC and sleep if I'm feeling drowsy.

As a matter of fact, this is the most exciting journey that I’ve ever taken and we took loads
of photos and videos to capture all the moments - all that before we even got to Sa Pa and
were able to take in the local culture, the various ethnic minorities living up there, etc.

Part 3:
 What benefits does public transport bring to the world?
There are several merits to public transport. The main one is that like any other way of
getting around, it gets you where you’re going in short order. But compared to private
transport, it’s cheaper and more environmentally friendly. For example, it’s just about 7,000
Vietnamese dongs for the bus fare in Hanoi.
 Is it too late for people to get a driver’s license at the age of 18?
Not at all, that’s a very strange statement in fact since most people don’t get one before
then. It’s a ripe time, I suppose. The fact that 18 is the minimum legal age to obtain a
driver's license in Vietnam proves this. However, different circumstances and priorities can
influence the timing of obtaining a license. For example, financial constraints, lack of access
to a vehicle, and other commitments might delay the decision to learn to drive. What’s
more, the process of acquiring a license involves learning defensive driving skills,
understanding traffic rules, and passing written exams so reaching the age of 18 doesn't
automatically imply readiness to drive. Considering all these above-mentioned points, I’d
maintain that 18 is still a logical starting point if you’ve got the means to think about getting
a license.
 What’s the difference between men’s and women’s preference for cars?
When it comes to car predilections, there are general trends associated with gender, but
individual choices can differ, I don’t want to come across as sexist. Traditionally, men show
more interest in high-performance cars, considering factors like power and style. Women
often prioritize safety, reliability, and practicality, focusing on features like fuel efficiency
and space. However, these preferences are not exclusive to either gender, and I’m sure
everyone wants a car that looks good and drives well - there’s lots of commonality.
  What are the differences between bicycles and private cars?
Bicycles are powered by people - using your legs to pedal, while cars rely on combustion
engines. Cars can go faster and further and offer greater comfort from the weather. But
bicycles are environmentally friendly and promote physical fitness. Cars require
infrastructure and cost way more, while bicycles are accessible and cost-effective. I’d be
happy if all cars were banned and we all started riding bikes - why not?
 What qualities does a good driver need to have?
From my perspective, the three most important qualities of a good driver are alertness, an
awareness of the importance of defensive driving, and decent knowledge of traffic laws. For
example, maintaining a safe distance behind the vehicle in front of you. That way there’s a
buffer zone that allows you to react to any sudden stops or hazards on the road, reducing the
risk of rear-end collisions. These qualities are the key attributes of a decent driver, ensuring
that he or she is attentive, safety-conscious, and informed about driving regulations.
 How can people be encouraged to take public transport?
Individuals can be incentivized to take public transport in several ways. Firstly,
governments and transport companies should advertise more about the environmental
benefits of giving up private transport. For example, workshops or campaigns can be
organized to promote the environmental advantages of buses and subways, which is
reducing the amount of fossil fuel exhaust coming primarily from cars. Moreover,
infrastructure for these transport systems should also be enhanced in order to make sure
people aren’t hesitant to give up their gas-guzzling cars.

10. Describe an interesting talk or speech

You should say:
 When you heard it
 Where you heard it
 What it was about
And explain why you think it was interesting.
Answer:

I once attended a film industry conference in Los Angeles where studios and cinema chains
were showcasing upcoming movies as well as advancements in theatrical and moviemaking
technology. In attendance were executives at the big studios and also big-name actors like
Matt Damon, Ben Affleck and Tom Hanks - stars I know.

On the 2nd day of the conference, there was a presentation on how AI will change
filmmaking in the future given by an expert on AI technology named Will Tate and also
Reed Hastings - the CEO of Netflix. Both speakers spoke eloquently about how AI will
accelerate the movie production process in terms of creating a story and crafting the visual
effects. However, they also spoke about how it will make redundant thousands of jobs in the
movie industry and how it will remove the human element in storytelling by eliminating the
need for human writers and actors in the process. In my opinion, this won’t happen in a
really meaningful way for decades but they feel the changes are coming sooner. The
conclusion they came to during the presentation was that AI will bring both opportunities
and challenges to moviemaking and that studios must use it judiciously to ensure a balance
between technological progress and the crucial human touch.

I found the presentation interesting because of how AI is becoming a hot topic and really
divisive one these days and I have a deep passion for the movies and how they are made. I
also found it interesting thanks to the presentation style of the speakers. They used analogies
and statistics to drive their points home so the audience could better grasp the gravity of the
situation.

Part 3:
 What benefits does the internet bring to communication?
Well, users obviously gain various advantages from the internet in terms of communication.
Chief among these is that with the advent of the internet, people can keep in touch with each
other regardless of geographical constraints. There are a plethora of online social networks
to communicate with friends and family members such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter,
and so on. You can text or make video calls and it costs basically nothing as long as you
have an internet connection. So, I think it ultimately leads to people staying in touch with
people living far away more often.
  Which one is better, being a communicator or a listener?
I would say it’s kinda tricky to decide which one is “quote unquote” better as it really
depends on the circumstances and desired outcome. One example of a situation that may
require a good communicator more than a good listener is when giving a presentation or
public speaking. In such situations, the primary goal is to convey information, engage the
audience, and effectively deliver a message. You can’t just stand up there with your hands
on your hips and listen. Meanwhile, a context where being a good listener is more important
than being a good communicator is during a counseling or therapy session. Here, the
objective is to give support and guidance to an individual in need. But there will be times
when you have to communicate well then too.
 Will Vietnamese people feel nervous when it comes to public speaking?
I’d say yes but not all of them. When it comes to presenting in front of crowds, those who
possess a knack for public speaking, have confidence, and can convey their experiences are
likely to feel at ease. Whereas those who are inexperienced and lack confidence and
presentation skills are more likely to suffer from anxiety when giving speeches. To mitigate
this situation, I suggest that a presenter keep calm by making thorough preparations
regarding their body language and the content of their talk - there are tons of tips they can
learn online like how to do breathing exercises and make consistent eye contact.
 What qualities does a good communicator need to have?
In my opinion, a good communicator should possess 3 crucial characteristics: clarity,
empathy and adaptability. For the first one, speakers should use language that is easily
understood and avoid jargon or complex terminology. The second quality requires means to
listen actively, show genuine interest, and respond with sensitivity. And last but not least,
one should be able to convey information effectively in various formats - writing, speaking,
using visuals.
 How can people improve their public speaking skills?
I’d recommend 3 main ways for people who want to enhance their public speaking. One of
the most effective ways to improve public speaking skills is through consistent practice.
This can involve rehearsing speeches or presentations, participating in public speaking
workshops, or joining clubs with people interested in getting better at public speaking.
Moreover, actively seeking feedback from others can also provide valuable insights for
improvement. Finally, individuals can observe and learn from successful speakers’
techniques to excel at public speaking. For instance, a budding motivational speaker may
study renowned speakers like Tony Robbins to understand the essence of their captivating
delivery and use of storytelling devices.
 Do you think face-to-face communication will be replaced by online
communication in the future?
Absolutely not, I feel really strongly about this, in fact. This is because despite the
convenience and ease of accessibility, screens will never fully replace the depth of
connection, emotional engagement, and trust-building opportunities that face-to-face
communication offers. For instance, team-building exercises, networking events, and client
meetings often rely on face-to-face communication to establish rapport and foster
meaningful connections. Both forms of communication have their strengths and will likely
continue to coexist in the future, serving different purposes depending on the nature of the
interaction and the desired outcomes but to my mind, in-person communication is king.

11. Describe a sport you enjoyed watching

You should say:
 What sports programs do you like to watch
 When you watch it
 Who do you watch with
And explain why you like watching it.

Answer:

I'm going to talk about surfing, a sport that I’m really into watching.

More often than not, I particularly enjoy watching surfing on television or highlight reels on
online platforms of professional surfers.

While I sometimes watch surfing programs alone, I also enjoy sharing the experience with
friends or family who appreciate the sport. Watching surfing with like-minded individuals
allows for engaging discussions and the opportunity to appreciate the technical aspects of
the sport together.
There are several reasons why I enjoyed watching surfing. For one, it provides an incredible
connection with nature - I can immerse myself in the waves, feel their force and take in the
sights around me - I imagine it to be a rejuvenating and exhilarating experience. For
another, surfing offers many mental and physical health benefits. It forces me to use
different muscles - rarely used ones - so in a sense, it's a total body workout. On top of that,
it's also a great way to put my feet up and relieve stress as I can enjoy being out in the
sunshine and having fun in the waves.

Hopefully one day I can paddle out, catch my first wave, and embark on the thrilling
journey of becoming a surfer. Just the thought of it already fills me with excitement and
dread.

Part 3:
 What kind of sports do you think most people like? Why?
The normal ones - football, basketball, tennis and so on. For those ones, people like to play
them but also watch them and support their favorite teams and players. Football is probably
king just because it is watched all around the world, there are tons of clubs to follow, and
it’s easy enough to find a 5-a-side pitch and play with friends in Vietnam.
 What’s the difference between playing sports on your own and playing sports in
a group?
Well, the first and most noticeable part that differentiates individual sports from the team
ones is that for the former you just need one player while the latter often requires more than
one. Other than that, when playing sports individually, players don’t need to collaborate so
there’s less reliance on teamwork and communication skills, whereas these skills are
obligatory in team sports. That’s what makes team sports better to my mind.
 How to encourage children to play sports?
From my point of view, this needs to be a joint effort from both schools and parents.
Regarding schools, teachers as well as the academic boards of schools should organize
outdoor activities including sports competitions for students to take part in. In terms of
parents, they can incentivize their children to play sports by restricting them from spending
too much time on screens and by offering rewards for playing sports. Leading by example is
crucial - if your kids see you playing sports, they will naturally want to join in - sports are
intrinsically fun.
 Do people in Vietnam prefer watching sports or playing sports?
I can’t speak for everyone but probably watching. Some are just too drained after work or
school so they may not be up to play sports - more popular hobbies in Vietnam include
napping and messing around on your phone. But watching is easy and doesn’t take any
energy so I’d guess there are more people on any given night watching a game rather than
playing in one.
 Is watching sports on TV the same as watching sports live?
Of course not - especially in terms of the atmosphere and viewing experiences. Regarding
the former, watching sports in person will always be more gripping - the electricity in the
stands, the energy from other fans all rooting for or against your team, seeing the players up
close. However, when it comes to the latter, I guess watching sports on TV is a more
comfortable experience - no driving to games and sitting on hard benches, you can laze
around on your bed or a coach and munch on whatever snacks you like and doze off to the
game.
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of hosting international sports
events?
Organizing international sports events brings various merits to the host country since they
provide global exposure and economic benefits through increased tourism and revenue
generation. For example, Vietnamese tourism revenue has accelerated since the country
hosted SEA GAMES 32, the largest sport competition in Southeast Asia. However, hosting
international sports events also involves high costs and potential strains on infrastructure.
Therefore, careful evaluation, planning, and management are necessary to maximize the
benefits and minimize the downsides. Most countries that host the Olympics and The World
Cup end up losing tons of money in the end and that’s why lots of countries are hesitant to
apply for those “privileges.”
12. Describe a movie you watched that disappointed about
You should say:
 What it was
 When you watched it
 Who you watched it with
And explain why you felt disappointed.

Answer:

A movie that I watched that I was disappointed by was Jurassic World. I’m a massive
Jurassic Park fan but the two movies prior to Jurassic World - The Lost World and Jurassic
Park 3 - were pretty mediocre so when I heard that a new Jurassic Park movie was being
made with a new cast and a new setting, I was excited since I believed at the time that the
franchise was heading in the right direction. I was truly looking forward to a reimagining
and updating of a classic.

When it finally came out, I bought my tickets beforehand and went to the theatre with my
friends who were also excited for a new Jurassic Park movie. However, as the film dragged
on, I was more and more disappointed with every passing minute. It became so boring by
the halfway mark that I desperately wanted the movie to end so that I could go home and
watch an actual good movie instead. I thought about walking out but opted not to. Some of
my friends felt the same way but others enjoyed it purely because of the dinosaur special
effects.

I was disappointed in Jurassic World because the characters were poorly developed and
inconsistent. They were basically two-dimensional cliches without any believable backstory
to set them apart from any other typical action movie. The romantic plotline was forced and
the main stars lacked any real chemistry - I could have done without that part. I also wasn’t
blown away by the visual effects in the movie though they weren’t awful or anything. All of
the dinosaurs were computer generated and none of them were made with models or robots -
they seemed lifeless and weightless when projected on the big screen. I think the franchise
has lost its charm and they should pack it in at this point.
Part 3:
 Do you believe movie reviews?
Not entirely and less and less these days. I mostly read or watch movie reviews just to get a
general idea of what to expect plot-wise. Other than that, I set my own expectations for a
movie and judge it based on whether or not it has met them. After all, a review for a movie
is based on the personal opinion of the viewer so I can’t expect it to be fully objective.
People should make up their own mind when watching a movie and determine for
themselves whether it’s good or not. If I do look at reviews, the audience ones tend to be
much more accurate than the critics.
 What movies do people like to watch in your country?
We like to watch a variety of genres. Dramas, comedies, horror, action and science fiction -
so there’s no limit to what stories people gravitate towards. The movies we enjoy the most
however are dramas that focus on relationships between characters since they are more
likely to have strong performances and layered dialogue. Comedies are popular too and of
course international films - whatever is new on Netflix or the big franchises like The Fast
and the Furious and The Avengers.
 Are historical films popular in your country? Why?
I’d say not especially since Vietnamese audiences tend to be more interested in stories that
take place in the present day and address current topical issues that they face. For example,
the movie Napoleon, about the life of Napoleon, despite having a good cast and excellent
production values failed to perform well at the Vietnamese box office since audiences
weren’t that interested in some French guy that died hundreds of years ago. Instead, the
movie Living, which was about a contemporary elderly man coming to grips with his cancer
diagnosis, was much more successful.
 Do you think films with famous actors or actresses be more popular?
This used to be the case in the past but it’s less and less true all the time. For example,
movies in the ‘80s and ‘90s that starred the likes of Clint Eastwood, Tom Hanks and Tom
Cruise were just about guaranteed to be popular because these actors had huge fan bases that
were willing to check them out in every one of their movies. These days however,
popularity at the box office is largely driven by franchises based on familiar characters. For
example, Star Wars, Marvel and DCmake money since the characters in these movies are
well-known and people love that kind of simple escapist fare.
 What are the factors that affect how people choose a film to watch?
One factor would be the word of mouth surrounding it. If the majority of people say that a
film is good then audiences are more inclined to check it out - that’s self-explanatory.
Another factor would be the cast and director involved. For example, if a new movie comes
out that stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Brad Pitt and it is directed by Quentin Tarantino, I’m
thinking of Once Upon a Time in Hollywood from a couple years back, then audiences will
naturally at least do a little more research on it.
 Is music an essential part in successful films?
Of course, it’s a huge part of the feel of any given movie. For example, the Star Wars
franchise wouldn’t be the massive cultural touchstone that it is today had it not been for the
iconic theme by John Williams. Once you hear it, you immediately think of Star Wars.
Similarly, the movie The Good, The Bad and The Ugly wouldn’t be as memorable without
the seminal theme by Ennio Morricone. So yes, music is an integral part of a film’s identity
and can help it have a lasting impact. There might be some exceptions of course.

13. Describe an exciting adventure you would like to go on

You should say:
 Where you would like to go to
 Who you would like to go with
 How the adventure is
And explain why it is a great adventure.

Answer:

I’ve always been the type of person who has itchy feet so I think that someday I’ll venture
out into the Amazon rainforest. I’ve heard so many wonderful things about it so I would like
to see it for myself. The rainforest itself encompasses almost all of Brazil as well as some
parts of neighboring countries - Venezuela, Colombia and Bolivia. I know from all those
BBC nature documentaries that it's home to a variety of species ranging from rare birds to
plants used for medicinal purposes. The Amazon is also the home of numerous indigenous
tribes who still do their best to retain their traditional way of life and not succumb to
modernization.

I’d really love to travel to the Amazon with some of my like-minded friends who share the
same sense of adventure. I guess they’d be keen to come along because they’re just as into
nature as I am. There’s a risk that the Amazon rainforest will be very different in the future -
it’s being cut down at an alarming rate so best to see it while it’s totally intact. I think we’ll
have to book a ticket to fly to Brazil first and then find a travel company that organizes tours
to the Amazon at a reasonable rate and then we’ll be able to head out there.

I think it’ll be quite the adventure to go to the Amazon as it's so vast that you can explore
for an entire lifetime and there’ll still be places and things that are uncovered. Also, it’ll be
gripping to learn what kinds of animals and plants live there and how important it is to
preserve the rainforest since it exerts a huge influence on the global environment.

Part 3:
 What kind of personality should a person have to be able to take risks?
I think a person who wants to take risks has to be brave and even fearless to an extent.
Taking risks requires great bravery because the outcome isn’t known and people have to
trust that things won’t turn out bad in the end. For example, if a person wants to climb a
particularly tall mountain, they have to be bold enough to make that choice since it’s no
small feat to scale a mountain like Mt. Everest. That’s why they have to take a leap of faith
to actually do it.
 Will a lot of adventures expand your horizons?
I think going on any adventure period will expand a person’s horizons. Going on an
adventure entails traveling to a new place and when you get there, you can learn more about
the local people, culture, traditions and customs, which will inevitably expand your
understanding of the world outside your limited horizons. For example, a person could go
on an adventure by traveling to Tanzania and from there they can learn all about the
language, the people, the environment and the history.
 Why do they like to read adventure stories instead of experiencing them?
Well, it’s not really an available option. Most people can’t afford to go on some big lavish
trip and you don’t get a guaranteed adventure like in a book. The people in those stories go
on fantastical adventures to far-flung corners of the globe without a concern for how
expensive these adventures can be. In the real world however, these adventures are
extremely prohibitive money-wise so it’s easier to buy a book and read about them. People
have to spend their money on more important things like utilities, education and healthcare
in order to survive.
 Who often likes to read adventure books?
From what I’ve seen, men and especially, older men like to read adventure books because
they like to imagine themselves as the heroes in these stories traveling to faraway places that
they might never go to in real life. These kinds of books serve as a form of escapism from
the drudgery of daily life - doing taxes, taking care of the kids, cleaning the house.
Therefore, these older men can live vicariously through the protagonists and momentarily
forget their troubles.

14. Describe an important decision

You should say:
 What the decision was
 When you took the decision
 What the results of the decision was
And explain why you made that decision.

Answer:

Today I want to share with you one of the most significant decisions in my life, which
related to my results in the National Entrance Exam in 2015.

At that time, I was a fresh high-school graduate without any life experience and interest in
any specific subject. I got quite a high mark in the exam; therefore, many opportunities were
opened up for me. My family advised me to take a course in Economics at Foreign Trade
University, which is one of the leading institutions in Vietnam. But figures and formulas
were not my forte back then, so I was reluctant to follow their advice. My parents and sister
said that I could get a job with a lucrative income after university, but I decided to attend
Hanoi University to study English instead. I was of two minds at that time, being afraid of
making a wrong decision and my whole life could be turned upside down. I even imagined
myself not being able to find a job and being unemployed someday without any specific set
of skills. My family tried to convince me to follow their advice, but I was determined and
said I would be responsible for my life decisions. I was wondering about it for the first two
years of university, but the results turned out to be good.

Thanks to enthusiastic lecturers, my interest for research and pedagogy were stimulated and
I have honed my skills to become a capable teacher of English. I now have a good income
and a high level of job satisfaction. I am thankful that my family always supports me, and I
am also elated at my current job status and living standards.

Part 3:
 Why is it difficult for young men to make an important decision?
I don’t really know if this has a gender component to it at all but I think it may be because
they need to weigh all the options that are available to them and they might believe that if
they make a decision, it’s final and it can’t be reversed. Therefore, they need to take their
time to make a decision which can take a long time. For example, high school graduates can
find it tough to choose which college to go to because they may find all of them equally
appealing in their own ways. Therefore, it’s not uncommon for young men - or women - to
be indecisive.
 How can we know we make a good decision?
We can tell that we’ve made a good decision if it produces a positive outcome. If it doesn’t
then simply put, we know we’ve made a bad decision. For example, if one decides not to eat
any more junk food and they become all the healthier for it, then they’ll know their decision
has been a good one. Similarly, if one decides to give up alcohol for the rest of their life and
they feel much better physically and mentally as a result, then their decision has been
fruitful. This is called results-based thinking and it will get you very far in life.
 Should parents let their children make a decision?
Well, of course, at times, there’s no way to stop them from doing that anyway. Children
need to grow into independent adults and the best way to encourage this is if parents let
them make their own decisions on certain matters. If parents don’t let their children decide
on their own then their intellectual and emotional growth will be massively stunted and they
will end up struggling later in life. Maybe.
  What important decisions do teenagers need to make after graduation?
One major decision is where to go for tertiary education. They need to find a college or
university that offers their desired courses and major and fits their needs in terms of tuition
fees and accommodation. Hence, they need to do exhaustive research before making a
choice on where they want to go. Another key decision is what they want to study in
university. They need to figure out what they enjoy doing as a career and thus find the major
that can facilitate a career path that allows for good work/life balance.
 Who can children turn to for help when making a decision?
Their parents, naturally. Since they have more life experience under their belt, they can
advise their children on what is the best course of action for their decisions. Children can
also turn to their friends for help in making a decision. They can offer advice since they may
have experienced similar situations. The choices that kids make aren’t all that complex
though - usually it’s about what clothes to wear or which toy to buy or what to order at a
restaurant.
 Do you think advertisements can influence our decisions when shopping?
I’d say to an extent, for sure. If the advertising is convincing enough, then it can encourage
a purchase, even an impulsive one. However, there are other factors that influence consumer
behavior. One of them is the price. If something is very expensive, then people may be less
inclined to buy that product. Another factor is the quality of the product. If it’s good, then
people can feel they’ve made a good decision in buying it. Those are also factors that may
or may not be advertised.

15. Describe a good advertisement that you think is useful

You should say:
 Where you can see it
 What it shows
 Why you think it is useful
And explain how you feel about it.

Answer:
I’d like to talk about an advertisement I've been seeing recently that really stands out to me
for some reason.

You can usually catch it during commercial breaks on TV, especially during prime time.
Also, I've noticed it a couple of times on those big digital billboards all around the city.

The advertisement is for this new shampoo brand. It starts with the woman with visibly
frizzy, dry hair, struggling to comb it down into something manageable. But as she starts
using the shampoo, there's a transformation and her hair gets smoother, shinier, and just
overall healthier. You can see this by the graphics on the screen and the well-timed music.

Well, besides the obvious transformation, what makes this advertisement particularly
memorable is its informative approach. It details the key ingredients, I remember argan oil
and keratin, and explains their respective roles in maintaining healthy hair. This educational
approach provides consumers with a clear understanding of why these ingredients are
beneficial, going beyond a simple "buy our product because it's great" message.

Personally, I found the ad refreshingly different from typical shampoo commercials out
there. It’s not just a glamorous model showing off flawless hair - it's relatable, educational,
and to the point. After watching it, I decided to give the shampoo a try, not only because it
promised positive results but also because they were transparent about the ingredients that
I'd be putting in my hair.

I found the shampoo to be pretty good - my hair feels healthier and there is a certain shine to
it. I’m not sure if that’s a placebo effect or not, but it certainly works for me!

Part 3:
 What do you think of online advertising?
Online advertising is a double-edged sword, if you ask me. On the plus side, it's super handy
for businesses. They can reach their target audience without spending as much as they
would on traditional media like a TV commercial. For consumers, online advertising can be
a way to discover new products, services, or content that aligns with their interests.
However, on the flip side, there are challenges and concerns. The sheer volume of ads
online can be overwhelming, leading to ad fatigue or so-called ‘banner blindness’ where
users simply ignore the ads. Then, there are concerns about privacy, with advertisements
sometimes being perceived as intrusive, especially when they seem to know too much about
our personal preferences or browsing habits. This raises questions about data collection,
user consent, and how our information is being used and exploited.
 Are there any great online advertisements?
Oh, absolutely! Over the years, I've seen some really creative and impactful online
advertisements. Great online ads aren't just about selling a product but also tell a story. For
instance, some ads use humor to be more memorable and persuasive. Think about those
catchy jingles or funny characters that you might get stuck in your head sometimes. Then
there are those ads that tug at your heartstrings. They might be centered around family,
friendships, or personal achievements, making us reflect on our own experiences.
 What do people usually buy?
Well, that's quite a broad question! What people buy can really vary based on factors like
age, interests, culture, and financial status. That said, there are some common things that I’d
highlight. For starters, daily essentials are a given. I mean, things like groceries, toiletries,
and household supplies. Everyone needs to eat and maintain their home, right? Then there
are clothing and accessories. With the change of seasons, fashion trends, or simply wear and
tear, people often find themselves shopping for new apparel. And of course, there’s
emphasis today on services more than ever before. Whether it's getting a haircut, dining out,
or taking a yoga class, people are often keen to invest in their mental and physical well-
being and cool experiences.
 Why do buying new things make people happy?
First off, when we buy something new, it triggers a release of dopamine, a feel-good
chemical. It's almost like giving ourselves a little treat, and our brain loves that! That’s why
it is considered the reward center for the brain. Then, there's also the idea of novelty. We
humans are naturally curious creatures, and we're drawn to new experiences and things.
Getting something new breaks up the monotony of daily life and adds a little excitement to
our humdrum lives. Lastly, some people use shopping as a mini therapy session to lift their
spirits. Not the worst thing to be addicted to…
 Do people watch advertising that isn’t relevant to them in this day and age?
Oh, for sure! Even in this modern era, many of us end up watching ads that might not be
relevant or have any meaningful connection to our lives. Whether we're scrolling through
social media or binge-watching a series, we're bound to encounter ads that are irrelevant or
simply uninteresting. Of course, some of them can be catchy or amusing, but others? They
just make you wonder, "What was that all about?" It's just part and parcel for the digital age
we're living in!