DEP SPECIFICATION

PUMPS - SELECTION, TESTING AND INSTALLATION

Copyright Shell Group of Companies. No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Shell. Not for resale

DEP 31.29.02.11-Gen.

September 2012
ECCN EAR99

DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE

© 2012 Shell Group of companies

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, published or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the copyright owner or Shell Global Solutions International BV.

This document contains information that is classified as EAR99 and, as a consequence, can neither be exported nor re-exported to any country which is under an
embargo of the U.S. government pursuant to Part 746 of the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F R. Part 746) nor can be made available to any national of such
country. In addition, the information in this document cannot be exported nor re-exported to an end-user or for an end-use that is prohibited by Part 744 of the Export
Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Part 744).

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PREFACE

DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time of publication, of Shell Global Solutions
International B.V. (Shell GSI) and, in some cases, of other Shell Companies.
These views are based on the experience acquired during involvement with the design, construction, operation and
maintenance of processing units and facilities. Where deemed appropriate DEPs are based on, or reference international,
regional, national and industry standards.
The objective is to set the standard for good design and engineering practice to be applied by Shell companies in oil and
gas production, oil refining, gas handling, gasification, chemical processing, or any other such facility, and thereby to help
achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from standardization.
The information set forth in these publications is provided to Shell companies for their consideration and decision to
implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each
locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be sufficiently flexible to allow individual Operating Units to adapt the
information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements.
When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs, they shall be solely responsible for such use, including the
quality of their work and the attainment of the required design and engineering standards. In particular, for those
requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will typically expect them to follow those design and engineering
practices that will achieve at least the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or
Manufacturer/Supplier shall, without detracting from his own respons bility, consult the Principal.
The right to obtain and to use DEPs is restricted, and is typically granted by Shell GSI (and in some cases by other Shell
Companies) under a Service Agreement or a License Agreement. This right is granted primarily to Shell companies and
other companies receiving technical advice and services from Shell GSI or another Shell Company. Consequently, three
categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished:
1) Operating Units having a Service Agreement with Shell GSI or another Shell Company. The use of DEPs by these
Operating Units is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of the relevant Service Agreement.
2) Other parties who are authorised to use DEPs subject to appropriate contractual arrangements (whether as part of
a Service Agreement or otherwise).
3) Contractors/subcontractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers under a contract with users referred to under 1) or 2)
which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied or - generally - work performed on behalf of the said
users comply with the relevant standards.
Subject to any particular terms and conditions as may be set forth in specific agreements with users, Shell GSI disclaims
any liability of whatsoever nature for any damage (including injury or death) suffered by any company or person
whomsoever as a result of or in connection with the use, application or implementation of any DEP, combination of DEPs
or any part thereof, even if it is wholly or partly caused by negligence on the part of Shell GSI or other Shell Company. The
benefit of this disclaimer shall inure in all respects to Shell GSI and/or any Shell Company, or companies affiliated to these
companies, that may issue DEPs or advise or require the use of DEPs.
Without prejudice to any specific terms in respect of confidentiality under relevant contractual arrangements, DEPs shall
not, without the prior written consent of Shell GSI, be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever and the
DEPs shall be used exclusively for the purpose for which they have been provided to the user. They shall be returned after
use, including any copies which shall only be made by users with the express prior written consent of Shell GSI. The
copyright of DEPs vests in Shell Group of companies. Users shall arrange for DEPs to be held in safe custody and Shell
GSI may at any time require information satisfactory to them in order to ascertain how users implement this requirement.
All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in Shell GSI.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4
1.1 SCOPE........................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS ......... 4
1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 7
1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES ............................................................................... 7
1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP ....................................................................................... 8
1.7 DUAL UNITS ............................................................................................................... 8
2. GENERAL................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 VARIETY OF PUMPS ................................................................................................. 9
2.2 PROTOTYPE PUMPS ................................................................................................ 9
2.3 OPERATING DATA .................................................................................................... 9
2.4 NOISE CONTROL ...................................................................................................... 9
2.5 SAFEGUARDING ....................................................................................................... 9
2.6 INSTALLATION .......................................................................................................... 9
3. TYPE SELECTION ................................................................................................... 10
3.1 GENERAL SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................... 10
3.2 LIGHT-DUTY PUMPS ............................................................................................... 10
3.3 HEAVY-DUTY PUMPS ............................................................................................. 10
3.4 HEAVY DUTY CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS (ADDITIONAL SELECTION
CONSIDERATIONS) ................................................................................................ 11
3.5 ALTERNATIVE DESIGNS (CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS) ............................................. 12
4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 14
4.1 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS ........................................................................................... 14
4.2 ROTARY POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS ...................................................... 15
4.3 RECIPROCATING POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS ....................................... 16
5. ACCESSORIES ........................................................................................................ 17
5.1 DRIVERS .................................................................................................................. 17
5.2 POWER TRANSMISSION ........................................................................................ 17
6. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 19

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 SCOPE
This DEP specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the type selection and
basic design of pumps.
Pumps for refrigerated product service are not covered by this DEP, but are covered in
DEP 31.29.06.30-Gen.
This DEP is intended for pumps in vital, essential, and non-essential services. See Table 1
in (1.3.2).
This DEP is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2011; see (1.5) for a
summary of the main changes.

1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

Unless otherwise authorised by Shell GSI, the distribution of this DEP is confined to Shell
companies and, where necessary, to Contractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers nominated
by them. Any authorised access to DEPs does not for that reason constitute an
authorization to any documents, data or information to which the DEPs may refer.
This DEP is intended for use in facilities related to oil and gas production, gas handling, oil
refining, chemical processing, gasification and, where applicable, supply/marketing
installations This DEP may also be applied in other similar facilities.
When DEPs are applied, a Management of Change (MOC) process shall be implemented;
this is of particular importance when existing facilities are to be modified.
If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements could be more
stringent than in this DEP, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny which of the
requirements are the more stringent and which combination of requirements will be
acceptable with regards to the safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all
cases the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements of
this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local
regulations. The Principal may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned, the objective
being to obtain agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible.

1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.3.1 General definitions
The Contractor is the party that carries out all or part of the design, engineering,
procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a project or operation of a
facility. The Principal may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party that manufactures or supplies equipment and
services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
NOTE: Selected Vendors are those Pump and or Seal Vendors who are invited to submit proposals.
Nominated Vendors are those Vendors who are given purchase orders to supply the Pumps and or
Mechanical Seals and associated auxiliary systems.

The Principal is the party that initiates the project and ultimately pays for it. The Principal
may also include an agent or consultant authorised to act for, and on behalf of, the
Principal.
The word shall indicates a requirement.
The word should indicates a recommendation.

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1.3.2 Specific definitions

Term Definition
Abrasive Service in which there is an expected wear rate of 0.1 mm (0.004 in) or
Service more per year, or where hard particles larger than 100 µm (0.004 in) exist
in quantities exceeding 100 mg/kg (100 ppm).
Alternative Pumps other than Heavy-duty pumps and Light-duty pumps.
Design Pumps Examples:
• Specially engineered pumps such as slurry pumps, vortex pumps, and
self-priming pumps
• Fire fighting pumps according to NFPA 20.
Continuous Uninterrupted operation for a period of at least 24,000 h at the specified
Operation operating conditions.
Hazardous Service comprising the following categories, which shall be specified on the
Service data/requisition sheets:
Category 1
Liquids classified as "very toxic - acute" in DEP 01.00.01.30-Gen.
Liquids containing ethylene oxide
Category 2
Liquids classified as "very toxic - chronic" in DEP 01.00.01.30-Gen.
Hydrocarbon liquids at an operating temperature above their auto-ignition
temperature.
Category 3
Hydrocarbon liquids with a seal chamber vapour pressure higher than
500 kPa (abs) (73 psia);
Light hydrocarbon services (ISO 21049:2004, Clause 3.38).
Heavy-Duty Pump complying with ISO 13709, ISO 13710, API 675, API 676, API 685
Pump and/or BS 4082-1 Code R.
NOTES: 1. API 610 is technically equivalent to ISO 13709.
2. API 674 is technically equivalent to ISO 13710.

Intermittent Operation that is not classified as continuous operation.

Operation Examples:
• Pumps started up and stopped automatically at intervals by process-
operated controls;
• Pumps started up and stopped manually for batch transfer.
Light-Duty Process pump built to a standard other than those listed under Heavy-duty
Pump pump, e.g., pumps complying with DIN, CHEM, ASME/ANSI, BS 4082-1
Code L.
Minimum The greater of minimum continuous stable flow as defined by the applicable
Continuous industry standard and minimum continuous thermal flow.
Flow
Modularization When the pump(s) are mounted, along with piping, valves, instruments, etc.,
in a truckable or shippable or bargeable structural module which is
transported to the site and set in place. This approach moves construction
hours from the site to a module yard, where gains are made in labour
productivity and construction quality, leading to a lower total installed cost.

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Term Definition
Non-Corrosive Streams with no corrosive elements and with a service temperature not
or Mildly exceeding 400 °C (752 °F).
Corrosive Streams containing sulphur compounds and naphthenic acids with an acid
Service value in excess of 500 mg/kg (500 ppm by mass) KOH, but with a service
temperature not exceeding 230 °C (446 °F).
Streams containing sulphur compounds and naphthenic acids with an acid
value up to but not exceeding 500 mg/kg (500 ppm by mass) KOH, and with
a service temperature not exceeding 330 °C (626 °F).
De-aerated boiler feed water and condensate.
Stripped sour water.
Caustic soda at a service temperature not exceeding 50 °C (122 °F).
Caustic soda with a concentration not exceeding 10 % by mass at a service
temperature not exceeding 70 °C (158 °F).
All concentrations of lean ADIP/DEA/MEA (Sulfinol) at a service temperature
not exceeding 70 °C (158 °F).
NOTE: See also DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen., Appendix 1.

Centrifugal OH1 – foot-mounted single-stage overhung pump

Pump Type OH2 – centreline-mounted single-stage overhung pump
Codes
OH3 – vertical in-line single-stage overhung pumps
OH4 – rigidly-coupled vertical in-line single-stage overhung pumps
OH5 – close-coupled vertical in-line single-stage overhung pumps
OH6 – high-speed integral gear-driven single-stage overhung pumps
BB1 – axially-split one- and two-stage between-bearings pumps
BB2 – radially-split one- and two-stage between-bearings pumps
BB3 – axially-split multistage between-bearings pumps
BB4 – single-casing (ring-section) radially-split multistage between-bearings
pumps
BB5 – double-casing radially-split multistage between-bearings pumps
VS1 – vertically-suspended, single-casing diffuser pumps
VS2 – vertically-suspended, single-casing volute pumps
VS3 – vertically-suspended, single-casing axial flow pumps
VS4 – vertically-suspended, single-casing volute line-shaft driven sump
pumps
VS5 – vertically-suspended cantilever sump pumps
VS6 – double-casing diffuser vertically-suspended pumps
VS7 – double-casing volute vertically-suspended pumps
Vital, Essential, These terms are defined as follows in Table 1.
Non-Essential
Services

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Table 1 Vital, essential, non-essential services

SAFETY EQUIPMENT OTHER EQUIPMENT

SERVICE CATEGORY
VITAL ESSENTIAL NON-
ESSENTIAL
Non-spared Spared equipment
equipment
Definition A service in which failure of A service in which A service in which All other
equipment causes an failure of equipment failure of equipment services.
unsafe condition, resulting renders a plant renders a plant
in jeopardy to life and/or inoperable or reduces inoperable or reduces
major damage (fire, performance to a level performance to a
explosion, etc.). unacceptable to the level unacceptable to
Principal. the Principal.
Selection Equipment shall be A decision not to install Installed spare Economic
Criteria adequately spared to spare equipment is equipment is normally evaluation
ensure as near as practical based upon economic selected where required to
100 % availability of the considerations and potential losses due justify spared
service under all proven equipment to equipment outage equipment.
circumstances availability. Non-spared greatly outweigh
equipment availability equipment Capex.
may be upgraded by Sparing philosophy
means of additional shall be economically
Capex to match evaluated and is
required plant typically 2x100 % or
availability. 3x50 %.
Driver Independent power Independent power
Selection sources shall be selected sources may be
Criteria to ensure near 100 % selected, for start-up
service availability and utility availability
reasons
Examples Firewater pumps with Hydrocracker (HCU) Boiler Feed Water Drinking water
diesel and motor drives; feed pump; (BFW) pumps; pumps;
Emergency shut-down HCU recycle Fractionator bottom Sewage
(ESD) systems; compressor; pumps; pumps.
Emergency Instrument Air Cat. Cracker (FCCU) Fresh gas
(EIA) compressor. main air compressor; compressors (HCU).
Forced Draft (FD) and
Induced Draft (ID) fans.

1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES
Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section
number is shown in brackets ( ). Other documents referenced by this DEP are listed in (6).

1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES

This DEP is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2011. The main
non-editorial changes to this DEP were as follows:

Old New Change

Section Section
2.1 All reference to the procurement procedure for centrifugal
pumps has been removed.
2.5 Previously the Vendor was asked to supply guaranteed sound
pressure levels.

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Old New Change

Section Section
3.4.1 to Specification text, which is already covered by the individual
3.4.6 centrifugal pump DEPs and or related standards, has been
5.1.1 removed to eliminate duplication and possible conflict. Where
appropriate, this specification text has been added to relevant
DEP.
2.9, 2.10, The influence of project Design Class on the selection and
3.3.1, 4.1.8 design of centrifugal pumps has been eliminated.
3.2 Last paragraph reworded for clarity
3.3.4 Rewritten to allow any VS type dependant on application.
4.1, 4.1.1, Additional revisions have been made to bring this DEP into line
4.1.2, 4.1.3, with other related DEPs and industry standards and practices.
4.1.4, 4.1.5,
4.1.7, 4.1.8,
4.1.11,
4.2.1, 5.1.1

1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP

Comments on this DEP may be submitted to the Administrator using the DEP Feedback
Form by:
• Entering comments directly in the DEP Feedback System on the Technical
Standards Portal http://sww.shell.com/standards (mandatory for users with access to
Shell Wide Web);
• Clicking on the DEP Feedback Form button on the DEPs DVD-ROM main page (for
users without access to Shell Wide Web);
• Requesting a copy of the DEP Feedback Form from the Administrator at
standards@shell.com (for users without access to Shell Wide Web).
For the last two options, the completed DEP Feedback Form can be attached to an email
and submitted to the Administrator at standards@shell.com. Only feedback that is entered
into the Feedback Form will be considered.

1.7 DUAL UNITS

This DEP contains both the International System (SI) units, as well as the corresponding
US Customary (USC) units, which are given following the SI units in brackets. When
agreed by the Principal, the indicated USC values/units may be used.

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2. GENERAL

2.1 VARIETY OF PUMPS

Every effort shall be made to optimise the spares stock levels that need to be kept to
support the rotating equipment across an operating company's facilities; by rationalising the
variety of makes and types of pumps, drivers and auxiliary equipment selected for any
particular project. If applicable, such rationalisation shall take account of the makes and
types of equipment that are already installed in or ordered for installation in the same
operating company's facilities.
This rationalisation shall be applied stringently provided it does not interfere with the
selection of an optimal pump for the specified operating conditions.
2.2 PROTOTYPE PUMPS
Selected pumps shall be within the range of the Manufacturer's proven equipment in all
respects and shall not involve the use of any prototype design or components, unless the
design of such equipment has been fully reviewed and accepted by the Principal as the
only viable solution available for the application.
NOTE: In this respect, proven equipment is defined as equipment of which at least three units of similar type,
size and specific loading have together accumulated a minimum of 24,000 h of comparable
satisfactory service.

In selecting equipment, care shall be taken to ensure that prospective Vendors do not
exceed the ratings of their design in their efforts to offer competitively.
2.3 OPERATING DATA
All necessary operating data, i.e., normal, start-up, shutdown, etc., shall be stated on the
data/requisition sheet(s). This shall also cover any special operating requirements such as
mode of operation (parallel or series), or operating with fluids of different properties or at
different operating temperatures, or being required to operate at or below minimum
continuous flow (which will require minimum flow by-pass features).
For each pump service, the Buyer shall indicate if the service is flammable or hazardous,
and the Hazardous Category.
2.4 NOISE CONTROL
The Contractor shall comply with DEP 31.10.00.31-Gen. and thereby communicate to the
Vendor the specified equipment noise limitations by using data sheet
DEP 31.10.00.94-Gen., which shall form part of the requisition. The Contractor is
responsible for ensuring that these equipment noise limitations have been specified.
For pumps with drivers 75 kW (100 HP) and larger, the Vendor shall supply the expected
sound pressure levels for:
a) Overall unit
b) Pump
c) Gearbox (if applicable)
d) Driver
e) Auxiliaries (if applicable)
2.5 SAFEGUARDING
Safeguarding and Instrumented Protective Functions (IPF) for equipment shall comply with
DEP 32.29.20.10-Gen.
2.6 INSTALLATION
Installation design and installation of rotating equipment shall comply with
DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen and DEP 31.29.00.10-Gen.

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3. TYPE SELECTION

3.1 GENERAL SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS

3.1.1 Process pumps in vital service and non-spared essential service shall be of the heavy-duty
type.
3.1.2 If specified by the Principal, process pumps in spared essential, non-hazardous services
may be of the light-duty type provided that all the following criteria are met:
a) Discharge gauge pressure shall be not greater than 1900 kPa (275 psi)
b) Pumping temperature shall be between 0 °C (32 °F) and 150 °C (300 °F)
c) Rotative speed shall be not greater than 3600 r/min.
d) Rated differential head shall be not greater than 120 m (400 ft)
All other process pumps in spared essential services shall be of the heavy-duty type,
unless this type will not provide the required reliability and availability (24,000 h continuous
operation). In such cases, an alternative design may be selected and the pump shall
always be spared. Examples of such cases are:
• high capacity pumps, e.g., cooling water pumps;
• low specified capacity, < 1 m3/h (4.4 U.S. gal/min) [centrifugal pump];
• unavailability of suitable hydraulic design due to liquid properties, e.g., abrasive,
clogging, depositing;
• unavailability of suitable materials due to liquid properties.
3.1.3 Pumps in non-essential, non-hazardous service may be of any type and shall be selected
on the basis of a total cost of ownership evaluation.

3.2 LIGHT-DUTY PUMPS

Pumps shall be selected from the list below and are listed in descending order of
preference, unless otherwise specified:
Single-stage centrifugal pumps:
• flexibly-coupled, vertical, in-line, back-pull-out pumps;
• horizontal foot mounted, single suction, back-pull-out pumps.
NOTE: Flexibly-coupled, vertical in-line back-pull out pumps shall be limited to those with the following design
features:
a) Driver power is not greater than 55 kW (75 hp);
b) Impeller tip speed is not greater than 62 m/s (205 ft/s)

Other pump types such as rotary pumps or reciprocating pumps:

These types of pumps shall not be considered for Light-Duty pumps.

3.3 HEAVY-DUTY PUMPS

Pumps shall be selected from the types given in clauses (3.3.1) through (3.3.6). Within
each group, the various types are listed in descending order of preference (unless indicated
otherwise).
3.3.1 Single-stage centrifugal pumps
a) vertical, in-line, close-coupled pumps, OH5 to ISO 13709 or BS 4082-1 Code R
or alternatively, if specified, vertical, in-line, back-pull-out pumps, OH3;
b) horizontal, single suction, back-pull-out pumps, OH2;
c) vertical, in-line, high-speed pumps, OH6;

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d) horizontal, double suction pumps, with impeller supported between bearings, BB1 or
BB2.
NOTES: 1. Vertical, in-line rigidly coupled pumps, OH4, shall not be selected.
2. OH5 pumps are preferred where IEC motors are fitted and shall be selected if the operating
conditions are within the following limits:
a) Differential head is not greater than 200 m (650 ft) at 50Hz or 300 m (980 ft) at 60 Hz;
b) Capacity is not greater than
400 m3/h (1,760 U.S. gal/min) at 50Hz or 500 m3/h (2,200 U.S. gal/min) at 60 Hz;
c) Temperature is between -25 °C (-13 °F) and 200 °C (400 °F)
3. OH3 pumps are preferred where NEMA motors are fitted and if the following conditions are met:
a) Casing shall be secured to the foundation if driver power is greater than 55 kW (75 hp).
b) Rotative speed is not greater than 3600 r/min
c) Fluid temperature is between –25 °C (–13 °F) and 200 °C (400 °F)

3.3.2 Two-stage horizontal centrifugal pumps

Radially split pumps, with impellers supported between bearings, BB2.
3.3.3 Multi-stage horizontal centrifugal pumps
• Single casing pumps axially split, BB3;
• Double casing pumps with inner casing axially/radially split, BB5.
NOTES: 1. Inner casing of BB5 pumps in abrasive service shall be axially split and be of the volute type.
2. Single casing radially split (ring joint) pump, BB4, shall not be applied.
3. Pumps with more than 9 stages require the approval of the Principal

3.3.4 Vertically suspended centrifugal pumps

Any of the ISO 13709 types VS1 to VS7 may be used, preference shall depend on the
application.
3.3.5 Rotary positive displacement pumps
• screw pumps;
• gear pumps;
• lobe pumps;
• vane pumps.
3.3.6 Reciprocating positive displacement pumps
These may be either Fixed-volume (Reciprocating) or Controlled-volume (Metering) pumps,
dependant on the application.
Reciprocating pumps may use either pistons or plungers type and may be either Direct-
acting or Power-frame designs, dependant on the application.
Metering pumps may be:
• Remote mounted double diaphragm (with diaphragm failure detection);
• Packed plunger type.
NOTE: Diaphragm pumps with direct mechanical actuation shall not be selected.

3.4 HEAVY DUTY CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS (ADDITIONAL SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS)

The choice of pump depends mainly on the operating pressure, differential head, operating
temperature, volumetric flow rate, physical characteristics of the pumped liquid, suction
specific speed and NPSHA (net positive suction head available).

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If more than one pump type is considered technically suitable, the final selection should be
based on a lifecycle cost evaluation, taking into account standardization, efficiency, suction
specific speed, NPSH margin and minimum flow.
3.4.1 Corrosive service and abrasive service
If material loss due to corrosion or abrasion cannot be excluded, the pump selected shall
be of the volute type.
The impeller tip speed shall be restricted to minimise the corrosive/abrasive effects. The
advice of the pump Manufacturer, based on his experience, shall be sought in this respect.
Pumps with bearings lubricated by the pumped liquid shall not be selected.
3.4.2 Sulfinol, carbonate and amine services
Sulfinol, carbonate and amine services have given problems in the past, and the following
recommendations are made to avoid issues:
a) Flow should be within the range 70 %– 100 % of shockless-entry flow
b) Minimum flow should not be less than 50 % of shockless-entry flow, and should be
less than the suction-recirculation flow
c) To minimize pressure pulsations, there should be a minimum 10 % lip clearance,
and vanes on double-suction impellers should be staggered, and impellers of multi-
stage pumps should be stagger mounted.
NOTE: Lip clearance is defined as the clearance between the diffuser vanes or volute tongue (cutwater) and
the periphery of the impeller blades, expressed as a percentage of impeller blade periphery.

d) NPSH should be calculated using an ‘effective vapour pressure’

e) Very careful suction piping layout is required
f) Impeller material should be 316SS

3.5 ALTERNATIVE DESIGNS (CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS)

If operating requirements and/or liquid properties preclude the economic application of a
heavy-duty or light-duty pump, alternative designs may be offered if they have a lower
lifecycle cost. The Manufacturer shall provide sufficient evidence of successful application
and the selection shall be subject to the approval of the Principal.
Alternative designs shall follow ISO 13709 design principles as far as possible.
Examples of alternative designs are:
a) open impeller and vortex type pumps;
b) propeller pumps;
c) self priming pumps;
d) seal-less pumps: magnetic drive, canned, wet motor;
e) lined pumps;
f) pumps with non-metallic wetted parts.
Magnetic drive pumps shall not be selected if:
• the product temperature is higher than 200 °C (400 °F);
• the power is greater than 55 kW (75 hp);
Canned motor and magnetic drive pumps may be selected only if all the following are
satisfied:
a) the product shall not contain any solid particles;
b) the product cannot crystallise or polymerize;

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2
c) the product kinematic viscosity shall not be greater than 40 mm /s (40 cSt);
d) the temperature difference between boiling point and suction temperature shall be at
least 20 °C (68 °F) unless, subject to pump cooling design, a lower value is
approved by the Principal;
e) A vapour pressure versus temperature curve is available for the full operating range;
f) NPSH margin from 70 % to 120 % of flow shall be at least 2 m (6.6 ft).
g) Product is not Hydrofluoric Acid or Sulphinol
Canned motor pumps shall be the preferred selection for ethylene oxide applications
provided the following conditions are satisfied:
a) Gaskets shall be PTFE or Graphite;
b) Pump internals shall be 316L Stainless Steel or equivalent;
c) An auto-start facility shall not be provided;
d) Safeguarding measures shall be taken to prevent hot spots inside the pump casing
due to dry running, in order to avoid detonation risk of EO vapours at temperatures
above approximately 500 °C (930 °F).
e) The following instrumentation shall be installed:
o Low level trip on surge drum;
o High temperature trip on discharge;
o Low flow trip on discharge;
o Pump rotor axial position indicator alarm;
o High temperature trip on motor cooling.

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4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

4.1 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Heavy-duty centrifugal pumps shall comply with DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen.
Light-duty centrifugal pumps shall comply with ASME B73.1/2 or similar industry standard.
Firewater pumps shall comply with NFPA 20, except that Firewater pumps for off-shore
installations shall comply with DEP 37.29.01.10-Gen.
Sea water lift pumps shall comply with DEP 31.29.06.31-Gen.
Sealless centrifugal pumps (Canned motor and magnetic drive) shall comply with
DEP 31.29.02.31-Gen.
Liquid ring vacuum pumps shall comply with DEP 31.29.42.30-Gen.
Centrifugal submerged motor pumps and electro-submersible hydraulic turbines shall
comply with DEP 31.29.06.30-Gen.
Some additional requirements that should be considered when specifying a centrifugal
pump are specified below.
4.1.1 Bearings
Pumps shall not be disassembled after test for bearing inspections, unless requested by
the Principal.
4.1.2 Lubrication
The method of bearing lubrication shall be selected from the list below in descending order
of preference, taking due account of local site considerations:
• pure or purge oil mist lubrication, application in accordance with
DEP 31.29.00.30-Gen.;
• flooded (wet sump; ring oil);
• circulating oil system;
• grease (not allowed for heavy duty pumps, unless agreed by the Principal).
The design of the bearing housing and of the oil mist lubrication distribution system shall be
in accordance with DEP 31.29.00.30-Gen.
Vertical in line pumps, type OH3, shall only be selected if pure oil mist lubrication is
available. The selection of OH3 pumps with other methods of lubrication shall require the
approval of the Principal.
If a circulating oil system is required, then the complete equipment train (consisting of
pump, driver and gearbox, if applicable) shall be lubricated by the system, unless the driver
requires a different type of oil. The lube set shall be in accordance with
DEP 31.29.60.32-Gen.
Pump circulation oil systems shall not be shared between separate equipment trains.
Grease-lubricated bearings may be used only for light duty centrifugal pumps, subject to
approval of the Principal.
4.1.3 Mechanical seals
Mechanical seals and auxiliary systems shall comply with DEP 31.29.00.33-Gen.
Mechanical seals shall be fitted in all pumps except sealless types (canned motor,
magnetic drive and submersible motor), firewater pumps and vertical cooling water pumps
taking in sea or river water.
4.1.4 Operating temperatures
For liquid temperatures below –25 °C (–13 °F), if no compatible barrier fluid is available,
then a vertically-suspended pump, type VS6, with a pressurized dual mechanical seal and

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an isolation chamber and barrier fluid collecting chamber between the pump housing and
sealing chamber shall be specified, with methanol or another suitable fluid as the barrier
medium (Refer to DEP 31.29.00.33-Gen., Paragraph A.3.3).
4.1.5 Cooling
Air-cooling is the preferred method.
Cooling water plans shall not be supplied, unless they are required by the seal flush plan or
if the pumping temperature exceeds 200 °C (400 °F). Above 200 °C (400 °F), cooling water
plans shall only be supplied if recommended by the Vendor to meet the ISO/API
requirements for seal/bearing life and oil sump temperature. This requirement shall also
apply to non-ISO/API pumps.
If cooling water is required for the bearing housing and the cleanliness of the cooling water,
as required by the pump Manufacturer, cannot be guaranteed, a circulating closed loop
cooling system with tank and cooler shall be applied.
4.1.6 Baseplates
Baseplates for heavy-duty centrifugal type pumps shall comply with DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen.
Unless otherwise specified by the Principal, all other pump baseplates shall:
• be designed for installation with only a seal pour of grout on the lower flange;
• have no grout fill or vent holes, and;
• have features to prevent liquid accumulation inside.
The pump and driver shall be mounted and delivered on a common baseplate.
Base plate drains shall be connected to the drain system.
4.1.7 Pump warm-up
Warm-up arrangements for the stand-by unit of spared pumps, are specified in
DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen., Para. 4.2.2.2. However, some unspared pumps and/or multi-stage
between bearing pumps, which operate at high temperatures may need additional pre-start
warm-up arrangements to avoid thermal bowing of the shaft. The Contractor shall install
any necessary warm-up arrangements (lagging and or piping), as recommended by the
pump Vendor.
4.1.8 Testing
It is preferred that the contract seals are used in testing so the pump does not have to be
disassembled after test. It is acceptable to use other than the job seals when the seal
Vendor recommends such. (Some materials and/or face combinations are not suitable for
use in water.) Seals are normally removed from vertical pumps for shipment, and this is
acceptable. Testing with "shop seals" may be considered if the pump has dual seals to
avoid issues associated with the auxiliary seal flush plan.
Witnessed tests shall not be specified without approval of the Principal. These add cost
and extend delivery time and may not be justified for every application.
Complete unit testing is expensive and it shall not be specified without approval of the
Principal. Complete unit testing is sometimes done for: fire water pumps; crude oil export
pumps; high-energy water injection pumps; pumps for off-shore or other remote
installations; other high-energy pump services such as boiler feedwater pumps, and charge
pumps.

4.2 ROTARY POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS

4.2.1 General
Rotary positive displacement pumps shall conform to DEP 31.29.22.11-Gen.
Additional requirements, that should be considered when specifying rotary pumps, are
specified in (4.2.2) through (4.2.4) below.

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4.2.2 Bearings
In order to keep the number of shaft seals to a minimum, rotary pumps handling clean,
abrasive-free, non-corrosive liquids with lubricating properties shall be provided with
internal bearings lubricated by the pumped liquid.
In all other cases, unless otherwise specified, pumps shall be provided with oil-lubricated
bearings and timing gears in separate housings. Constant level sight feed oilers shall be
provided.
4.2.3 Mechanical seals
See (4.1.3).
4.2.4 Pressure relief
A separate pressure relief valve in the discharge shall be provided to protect the pump and
its associated piping system.
4.2.5 Baseplates
See (4.1.6).

4.3 RECIPROCATING POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS

4.3.1 General
Reciprocating positive displacement pumps shall comply with DEP 31.29.12.30-Gen.
The selected pumps shall be within the Manufacturer's actual field experience of operating
temperature, maximum working pressure, materials of construction, pump speed and
pumped liquid properties
Additional requirements, that should be considered when specifying reciprocating pumps,
are specified in (4.3.2) through (4.3.6) below.
4.3.2 Distance pieces
Distance pieces with solid covers shall be provided with full-face gaskets.
4.3.3 Pulsation dampers
Pulsation dampers shall be used to reduce pulsations in the liquid flow entering and being
discharged from the pump. Acoustic-type pulse dampers shall be used for reciprocating
pumps whenever possible.
Dampers shall limit the peak-to-peak pulsation levels at the line side nozzle of the device to
1.5 % of line pressure.
4.3.4 Pressure relief
A separate pressure relief valve in the discharge shall be provided to protect the pump and
its associated piping system. Diaphragm pumps shall have an internal relief valve on the
hydraulic drive system; this valve shall not be used as a protection device for the process
side of the pump.
4.3.5 Baseplates
See (4.1.6)
4.3.6 Diaphragms
Metering pump diaphragms shall be of the double diaphragm type. Diaphragm failure
indication shall be provided.

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5. ACCESSORIES

5.1 DRIVERS
Pumps may be driven by electric motors, steam turbines, gas turbines or internal
combustion engines according to application, location, fuel availability and economics. The
required type of driver shall be indicated in the data/requisition sheet.
5.1.1 Electric motors
Electric motors shall be in accordance with DEP 33.66.05.31-Gen., DEP 33.66.05.35-Gen.,
or DEP 33.66.05.36-Gen. as applicable.
Vertical motors, which are required to carry axial thrust from the a heavy duty centrifugal
pump, shall have thrust bearings designed in accordance with ISO 13709, Clause 7.1.8 as
modified by DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen.The electric motors on OH3 and OH5 pumps shall have
grease-lubricated bearings.
If an oil mist system is available and applied, horizontally mounted motors shall be supplied
with pure oil mist in accordance with DEP 31.29.00.30-Gen., Paragraph 6.2.1 k. However,
this is subject to the approval of the electric motor Manufacturer.
5.1.2 Steam turbines
Steam turbines shall be selected in accordance with DEP 31.29.60.10-Gen.
The entire driver installation is subject to the approval of the Principal.
The application of steam turbines for standby duties should be avoided. If steam turbines
are used for standby services, oil-misted antifriction bearings should be considered.
Vertical turbines shall not be used without the approval of the Principal.
5.1.3 Gas turbines
Gas turbines shall be selected in accordance with DEP 31.29.70.11-Gen.
5.1.4 Internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines shall comply with DEP 31.29.90.30-Gen. or
DEP 31.29.80.30-Gen., as applicable
5.1.5 Rating of drivers
For heavy-duty centrifugal pumps the driver shall be sized based on ISO 13709, Clause
7.1.4, as modified by DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen. For positive displacement pumps, the diver
shall be sized to cover the power requirement at the relief valve setting. Where this will lead
to unnecessary oversizing of the motor, an alternative proposal should be submitted to the
Principal for approval.
As they may have to operate on heavier or more viscous liquids, e.g., during start-up,
electric motor drivers should be capable of developing adequate starting torque to handle
such cases.
The sizing of driver power for operation on water during commissioning shall be specified
only if this type of operation is imperative for plant pre-commissioning and start-up.
For small, low power pumps, seal losses (assuming dual pressurised seal(s)) shall be taken
into account.

5.2 POWER TRANSMISSION

Order of preference:
• Direct drive shall be selected whenever possible.
• Variation in speed required. Selection should be made considering lifecycle cost,
space/weight, electrical grid characteristics and utility requirements of the following:

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o Variable frequency drive (VFD) or variable speed drive (VSD) for electric
motor drivers.
o Hydraulic fluid couplings
• Gear units are preferred to belt drives.
• Belt drives shall not be used for centrifugal pumps, and for other pump types only
with the approval of the Principal.
5.2.1 Gear units
Gear units shall comply with DEP 31.29.00.38-Gen. When specified by the Principal, gear
units in essential unspared service above 750 kW (1,000 hp) shall comply with
DEP 31.29.00.32-Gen.
5.2.2 Couplings
Couplings for pumps shall be of the forged steel, flexible disc/membrane or diaphragm type
with spacers, unless the Principal approves alternative designs and/or materials.
Flexible membrane couplings for steam turbine drivers shall not lose transmission capability
upon membrane failure.
If the pumping temperature is greater than 205 °C (400 °F), spacers shall have a minimum
length of 180 mm (7 in) to provide greater misalignment tolerance.
Spared pumps in essential services and pumps in non-essential services do not require
couplings to conform to ISO 14691, ISO 10441 or API 671. Couplings for pumps in vital
service and non-spared essential services shall be in accordance with
DEP 31.29.00.36-Gen.
5.2.3 Belts
Belts shall be anti-static and oil resistant. They shall have a polyester core, a neoprene filler
and neoprene impregnation.
Belts should be of the toothed (cog) type.

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6. REFERENCES
In this DEP, reference is made to the following publications:
NOTES: 1. Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used,
together with any amendments/supplements/revisions thereto.
2. The DEPs and most referenced external standards are available to Shell staff on the SWW (Shell
Wide Web) at http://sww.shell.com/standards/.

SHELL STANDARDS
Definition of temperature, pressure and toxicity levels DEP 01.00.01.30-Gen.
Noise control (amendments/supplements to ISO 15664) DEP 31.10.00.31-Gen.
Data/requisition sheet for equipment noise limitation DEP 31.10.00.94-Gen.
Installation of rotating equipment (amendments/supplements to DEP 31.29.00.10-Gen.
API RP 686)
Oil mist lubrication systems DEP 31.29.00.30-Gen.
Special-purpose gear units for petroleum, chemical and gas industry DEP 31.29.00.32-Gen.
services (amendments/supplements to API 613)
Shaft sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps DEP 31.29.00.33-Gen.
(amendments/supplements to ISO 21049:2004)
Flexible couplings for mechanical power transmission – Special DEP 31.29.00.36-Gen.
purpose applications (amendments/ supplements to ISO 10441)
General purpose gear units (amendments/supplements to API 677) DEP 31.29.00.38-Gen.
Centrifugal pumps (amendments/supplements to ISO 13709) DEP 31.29.02.30-Gen.
Sealless centrifugal pumps for petroleum, heavy duty chemical, and DEP 31.29.02.31-Gen.
gas industry services (amendments/supplements to API 685)
Centrifugal submerged motor pumps and electro submersible DEP 31.29.06.30-Gen.
hydraulic turbines
Seawater lift pumps DEP 31.29.06.31-Gen.
Reciprocating positive displacement pumps and metering pumps DEP 31.29.12.30-Gen.
(amendments/supplements to API 674 and API 675)
Positive displacement pumps - Rotary (amendments/supplements to DEP 31.29.22.11-Gen.
API 676)
Liquid ring vacuum pumps and compressors DEP 31.29.42.30-Gen.
(amendments/supplements to API Std 681)
Steam turbines - Selection, testing and installation DEP 31.29.60.10-Gen.
Lubrication, shaft-sealing and oil-control systems and auxiliaries DEP 31.29.60.32-Gen.
(amendments/supplements to ISO 10438)
Combustion gas turbines – Selection, testing and installation DEP 31.29.70.11-Gen.
Diesel engines DEP 31.29.80.30-Gen.
Spark ignited gas fuelled engines DEP 31.29.90.30-Gen.
Piping – General requirements DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen.
Safeguarding and instrumented protective functions for rotating DEP 32.29.20.10-Gen.
equipment
Electric machines – Cage-induction types (amendments/supplements DEP 33.66.05.31-Gen.
to IEC 60034-1 and IEC 60034-14)

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LV induction motors for North American application DEP 33.66.05.35-Gen.

(amendments/supplements to IEEE Std 841)
MV induction motors for North American application DEP 33.66.05.36-Gen.
(amendments/supplements to API 541)
Firewater pumps for offshore installations DEP 37.29.01.10-Gen.

AMERICAN STANDARDS
Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas API 610
industries
Special-purpose couplings for petroleum, chemical, and gas industry API 671
services
Positive displacement pumps, reciprocating API 674
Positive displacement pumps, controlled volume API 675
Positive displacement pumps, rotary API 676
Sealless centrifugal pumps for petroleum, heavy duty chemical, and API 685
gas industry services
Specification for horizontal end suction centrifugal pumps for ASME B73.1
chemical process
Specification for vertical in-line centrifugal pumps for chemical ASME B73.2
process
Centrifugal fire pumps NFPA 20

BRITISH STANDARDS
Specification for external dimensions for vertical in-line centrifugal BS 4082-1
pumps — Part 1: “I” type

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Flexible ISO 10441
couplings for mechanical power transmission - Special purpose
applications
Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas ISO 13709
industries
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Reciprocating ISO 13710
positive displacement pumps
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Flexible ISO 14691
couplings for mechanical power transmission - General-purpose
applications
Pumps – Shaft sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps ISO 21049:2004

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