Successive Differentiation

➢ If 𝑦 = sin(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)then find 𝑦𝑛 .

Solution: Given, 𝑦 = sin(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
➔ 𝑦1 = 𝑎 cos(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
𝜋
➔ 𝑦1 = 𝑎 sin ( + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2
2 𝜋
➔ 𝑦2 = 𝑎 cos ( + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2
2 𝜋 𝜋
➔ 𝑦2 = 𝑎 sin ( + + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2 2
2 𝜋
➔ 𝑦2 = 𝑎 sin (2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2
3 𝜋
➔ 𝑦3 = 𝑎 sin (3 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2
…. …. …. …. …. …. …. …. ….
𝜋
➔ 𝑦𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 sin (𝑛 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)
2
𝜋
➢ If 𝑦 = cos(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)then show that, 𝑦𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 cos (𝑛 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏).
2
1
➢ If 𝑦 = sin 𝑛𝑥 + cos 𝑛𝑥 then find 𝑦𝑛 . [𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑛𝑟 [1 + (−1)𝑟 sin 2𝑛𝑥]2 ].
✓ n-th differential coefficient of cos 𝑝 𝑥 , sin𝑞 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 cos 𝑝 𝑥 sin𝑞 𝑥 :
If 𝑧 = cos 𝑥 + 𝑖 sin 𝑥 so, 𝑧 −1 = cos 𝑥 − 𝑖 sin 𝑥
∴ 𝑧 + 𝑧 −1 = 2cos 𝑥 and 𝑧 − 𝑧 −1 = 2i sin 𝑥
Similarly, 𝑧 𝑟 = cos 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑖 sin 𝑟𝑥 so, 𝑧 −𝑟 = cos 𝑟𝑥 − 𝑖 sin 𝑟𝑥
∴ 𝑧 𝑟 + 𝑧 −𝑟 = 2cos 𝑟𝑥 and 𝑧 𝑟 − 𝑧 −𝑟 = 2i sin 𝑟𝑥

i. If 𝑦 = cos 𝑝 𝑥 then 2𝑝 𝑦 = (2 cos 𝑥)𝑝

→ 2𝑝 𝑦 = (𝑧 + 𝑧 −1 )𝑝
𝑝 𝑝
= (𝑧 𝑝 + 𝑧 −𝑝 ) + 𝐶1 [(𝑧 𝑝−2 + 𝑧 −(𝑝−2) ] + 𝐶2 [(𝑧 𝑝−4 + 𝑧 −(𝑝−4) ] + ⋯

ii. If 𝑦 = sin𝑞 𝑥 then (2𝑖)𝑞 𝑦 = (2i sin 𝑥)𝑞

→ (2𝑖)𝑝 𝑦 = (𝑧 − 𝑧 −1 )𝑞
𝑞 𝑞
= (𝑧 𝑞 − 𝑧 −𝑞 ) − 𝐶1 [(𝑧 𝑞−2 − 𝑧 −(𝑞−2) ] + 𝐶2 [(𝑧 𝑞−4 + 𝑧 −(𝑞−4) ] − ⋯

iii. If 𝑦 = cos 𝑝 𝑥 sin𝑞 𝑥 then 2𝑝 (2𝑖)𝑞 𝑦 = (2 cos 𝑥)𝑝 (2i sin 𝑥)𝑞
→ 2𝑝 (2𝑖)𝑞 𝑦 = (𝑧 + 𝑧 −1 )𝑝 (𝑧 − 𝑧 −1 )𝑞
➢ If 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑥, then find 𝑦𝑛 . [→ Follow class lecture.]
5
➢ If 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥, then find 𝑦𝑛 .
➢ If 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠3 𝑥, then find 𝑦𝑛 .
𝑥
➢ If 𝑦 = 2 , then find 𝑦𝑛 .
𝑥 −1
𝑥
➢ If 𝑦 = , then find 𝑦𝑛 .
𝑥 2 +𝑎2