MARCHA

Marcha Normal
VAUGHAN, C.; DAVIS, B.; O’CONNOR, J. Dynamics of Human Gait. Second Edition, Kiboho Publishers,
South Africa, 1999.
WINTER, D.A. The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait: Normal, Elderly and Pathological.
Second Edition, Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data, 1991.

MARCHA DO OBESO
BROWNING, R.C.; KRAM, R. Effects of obesity on the biomechanics of walking at different speeds.
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, v.39, n.9, p.1632-41, 2007.
MESSIER, S. P. Obesity and osteoarthritis: disease genesis and nonpharmacologic weight management.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am, v.34, n.3, Aug, p.713-29. 2008.

MARCHA DO IDOSO
OSTROSKY, K.M.; VANSWEARINGEN, J.M.; BURDETT, R.G.; GEE, Z. A comparison of gait
characteristics in young and old subjects. v.74, n.7, p.637-46, 1994.
PRINCE, F.; CORRIVEAU, H.; HÉBERT, R.; WINTER, D.A. Gait in the elderly. v.5, n.2, p.128-135, 1997.
SERRÃO, J.C.; AMADIO, A.C. Análise de características dinâmicas do andar em idosos e sua influência
na selecção de actividades físicas. Proccedings af the First Conference of European Group for
Research into Elderly and Physical Activity – Portugal, p. 438-441, 1994.

CORRIDA
CAVANAGH, P.R. (ed.): Biomechanics of distance running. Human Kinetics Publisher Inc. Chaampaign,
1990.
CAVANAGH, P. R. and R. KRAM (1985). "The efficiency of human movement--a statement of the
problem." Med Sci Sports Exerc 17(3): 304-8.
CAVANAGH, P. R. e M. A. LAFORTUNE. Ground reaction forces in distance running. Journal of
Biomechanics, v.13, n.5, p.397-406. 1980.
CAVANAGH, P. R. and R. KRAM (1985). "Mechanical and muscular factors affecting the efficiency of
human movement." Med Sci Sports Exerc 17(3): 326-31.
CAVANAGH, P. R. e R. KRAM. Stride length in distance running: velocity, body dimensions, and added
mass effects. Med Sci Sports Exerc, v.21, n.4, Aug, p.467-79. 1989.
CAVANAGH, P. R. The biomechanics of lower extremity action in distance running. Foot Ankle, v.7, n.4,
Feb, p.197-217. 1987.
GOTTSCHALL, J. S. e R. KRAM. Ground reaction forces during downhill and uphill running. J Biomech,
v.38, n.3, Mar, p.445-52. 2005.
MCCLAY, I. e K. MANAL. Three-dimensional kinetic analysis of running: significance of secondary planes
of motion. Med Sci Sports Exerc, v.31, n.11, Nov, p.1629-37. 1999.
MCCLAY, I. The evolution of the study of the mechanics of running. Relationship to injury. J Am Podiatr
Med Assoc, v.90, n.3, Mar, p.133-48. 2000.
MERO, A., P. V. Komi, et al. Biomechanics of sprint running. A review. Sports Med, v.13, n.6, Jun, p.376-
92. 1992.
MUNRO, C. F., D. I. Miller, et al. Ground reaction forces in running: a reexamination. J Biomech, v.20, n.2,
p.147-55. 1987.