PM 215

COMMUNITY- BASED DISASTER RISK AND MANAGEMENT

UNDERSTANDING HAZARDS,
RISK, VULNERABILITY, AND
CAPACITY
Lesson 3 (PM 215)
 Why do you think it’s
important to involve the
community in disaster risk
reduction and
management?
What is a community?
 PM 215 Community

Community

Since the community cannot reduce disaster risks

and address vulnerable conditions on its own,
support of local and national government, NGOs, the
academic, scientists, geochronology experts, the
private sector, etc are important.
 PM 215 Community

Community

Community
Geographically: cluster of houses, neighborhood, ward,
village

Shared experiences such as particular interest groups-local

NGOs; professional groups teachers, health professionals;
age groupings- youth, children, elderly

Sectors such as industry sector, workers in rubber products,

garments ort transport workers
 PM 215 Community

Community

Importance of Community
Involvement
Community involvement is therefore paramount as local
communities know their own opportunities and constraints
resulting in better identification of risk, vulnerabilities and
required mitigation efforts.
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

CBDRM Process
a. Selecting the Community
b. Rapport Building and Understanding the Community
c. Community Based Participatory Disaster Risk Assessment
d. Community Based Disaster Risk Management Planning
e. Capacity Building of Community Based Disaster
Management Organizations
f. Community Managed Implementation
MEMORIZE!
g. Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

CBDRM Process
The CBDRM process is the whole process of assessment of
community’s hazards, vulnerabilities, and capacities and
planning and implementation of risk reduction activities,
projects and programs with the full involvement of the
community.
PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

1. Selecting the Community

The first task of local
authorities is to conduct a
detailed risks assessment
survey of the whole area
under its jurisdiction.
PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

1. Selecting the Community

Severity of community’s exposure to risk (level of
vulnerability)

Number of people to benefiting

Readiness of communities to engage in DRR activities

PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

1. Selecting the Community

Poverty status of the community

Governmental priority of physical social and economic

vulnerability

Budget availability

Accessibility
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

2. Rapport building and

understanding
Once the most vulnerable
communities are identified, it would
be important to understand the
local social relationships and power
structures of key economic groups
and to build the good informal
relationship with the local people.
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

2. Rapport building and

understanding
A relationship of trust and
friendship is key in facilitating
effective participation.
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

2. Rapport building and

understanding
How do you build rapport
and understanding with
the community?
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

2. Rapport building and

understanding
Living in the community

Being transparent and open about their purpose

Participating in daily life activities in the community

and cultural events
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

2. Rapport building and

understanding
Listening to the issue and problems of local people

Learning new skills from local people

Performing local tasks

 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

3. Community- based
Participatory Disaster Risk
Assessment
should be done with the
involvement of the local people,
community leaders and subject
experts
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

4. Community- based
Disaster Risk Management
Planning
further analysis will be conducted
jointly by the local authorities and
communities to analyze the risks
and identify strategies and
solutions to address them
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

5. Capacity building of
CBDRM Organization
it is best to have an organization
within the community that will deal
with disaster risk management

making of a disaster management

committee
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

6. Community Managed
Implementation
The community-based organization
would be responsible for overall
management of the disaster
management activities.

Local authority - supports, coordinates,

and facilitates
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

7. Participatory Community
Monitoring and Evaluation

measuring the progress made and

identifying necessary follow-up
actions
 PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

CBDRM Process
a. Selecting the Community
b. Rapport Building and Understanding the Community
c. Community Based Participatory Disaster Risk Assessment
d. Community Based Disaster Risk Management Planning
e. Capacity Building of Community Based Disaster
Management Organizations
f. Community Managed Implementation
MEMORIZE!
g. Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation
PM 215 CBDRM

CBDRM Process

PARTICIPATORY TOOLS
FOR HAZARD,
VULNERABILITY,
CAPACITY ASSESSMENT
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

SECONDARY SOURCES
Collecting information that already exists

Purpose:
Get an overview of the situation

Cross-check (verify) information gathered by other means

Get ideas of the challenges facing the community and a

history of what has been done so far to address them.
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

SECONDARY SOURCES
Collecting information that already exists

Potential Sources:

People (community members, LGU, NGOs etc.)

Library
Internet
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

DIRECT OBSERVATION
Systematically observing objects, people,
events, relationships, participation, and
recording these observations.

Purpose:
To get a better picture of the (disaster)
situation, especially of things that are
difficult to get across verbally
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

MAPPING
Making a spatial overview of the area’s
main features

Purpose:
Maps facilitate communication and
stimulate discussion on important issues
in the community
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

TRANSECT WALK
Systematic walk with key-informants
through the community to look out the
layout of the community including
distances between key places,
accessibility, and land use zones, by
observing, asking, listening and
producing a transect diagram.
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

HISTORICAL PROFILE
Gathering information in the past

to get insight in past hazards, changes

in their nature, intensity and behavior
and understand present situation in
community

life histories
history tracing
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

SEASONAL CALENDAR
Making a calendar showing different
events, experiences, activities, conditions
throughout the annual cycle
 PM 215 Tools

Participatory Tools for HVCA

INTERVIEWS AND FOCUSED

GROUP DISCUSSION
discussions in an informal and conversational way