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ABSTRACT (250 words)

Objective. (Start from contested areas of knowledge and then emphasize who you are
going to tackle inconsistencies in the extant scholarly debate.)
Methodology, when, with whom.
Results obtained.
Theoretical and practical contributions.

INTRODUCTION
1) clearly define the main focus of their research (main terms explained shortly)
2) summarize the challenges, main idea why this research is necessary.
3) highlight the main contested areas of scholarly debate about the study domain
4) elicit a knowledge gap
5) rely on this knowledge gap to work out the research questions
6) emphasize the originality and the timeliness of this research. Define the objective.
7) explain how you’ll conduct this research (explain methodology)
8) explain the results (spoilers accepted here)
9) contributions, theoretical and practical.
10) the summary of the paper structure.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Key theme X
Key theme Y
Key theme X and Y
1) Define the key theme.
2) Define why it is important with respect to the literature (All with references)
3) Explain what has been said, so that we know what has been left out.
4) At the end of each section, it should be clear and the same exact idea in each reader’s
mind.

METHODOLOGY
1) Why this methodology is selected
2) The criteria which led you to select these instruments
3) The criteria which led you to select these informants
4) The process of data collection
5) The protocol used for data analysis and elaboration
6) The approach taken to report the study evidence. (How do you justify the
significance of the findings)

RESULTS (FINDINGS)
1) What did you find?
2) What is your scientific evidence for this finding?

DISCUSSION
1) Discuss the implications of the findings in more detail. How do the findings support
or challenge the existing theory?

2) Discuss the implications of the findings for the practice in more detail. (How would
this information you find be practical?)

CONCLUSION
1) Your main findings in one short paragraph.
2) Limitations.
3) What other questions could you investigate using the same methodology?
4) What other methodologies could you use to investigate this topic?

REFERENCES
Keep them consistent.
Check for capitals, initials.
Don’t copy from a variety of resources and expect them to have the same format.
Alphabetical order.
Even if there are more than 5 authors, include them all in.
Don’t treat everything you find online as an online article.
Every item in bibliography should be cited and vice versa.

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