Professional Documents
Culture Documents
陈灿 编著
浙江教育出版社
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前言
FOREWORD
英语科目在高考中的重要性不言而喻,而语法在高考英语中的地位也举足
轻重。高考英语对语法的考查涉及多个题型,包括语法填空、语法选择以及改
错等。在最新的高考改革中,考纲进一步加大了语法和改错题的难度,对语法
的掌握提出了更高的要求。这让很多同学经常不知所措,感觉很苦恼。虽然同
学们平时也会参考很多语法书,但大多数语法书要么是讲解烦琐不易理解,要
么是例句枯燥难以记住,而且往往不针对高考解题技巧与提分。为了彻底解决
传统语法书的这些缺陷,帮助同学们在较短的时间内攻克高考语法与改错,实
现最大程度的高考提分,本人以在新东方教学一线10余年教授5万余名学生的
教学实践为基础,精选2000多道历年高考真题,深入研究了50多本语法权威资
料,历时3年编写而成此书。我深信本书一定能带你彻底拨开传统语法的迷
雾,给你“柳暗花明又一村”的感觉!
本书八大独有特色
本书特色一:
本书是首先提出语法成功学理念的书籍,结合“世界上先有语言,后有语
法,所以语法总有特例”等3大语法成功学法则,让人有醍醐灌顶之感。
本书特色二:
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本书在排列顺序上,以语法成功学为原则,以先句法后词法来安排各章顺
序,彻底打破传统语法书开篇便是名词或冠词的惯例,更突出高考语法的重点
和核心要点。
本书特色三:
本书在语法部分每个章节的开头都有高考语法“一目了然超级记忆”思维导
图,彻底化繁为简,让读者第一时间知道这一章节的主要内容,快速把握高考
考点,真正做到把书由厚变薄。
本书特色四:
本书特别设置了语法问答式互动环节,强调语法运用学,同时也让读者有
与笔者虚拟对话的感觉。
本书特色五:
本书在语法知识点的讲解上强调用最简单的语言解释语法知识,化繁为
简,真正奉献给读者一本愿意看下去,且能看懂的语法书。
本书特色六:
本书与高考英语紧密结合,融入三步逻辑解题思维,精选高考语法填空和
选择真题,而且各题均有详细的讲解,真正做到语法书与考试相结合。而市面
上同类语法书大多只讲知识点而缺少与高考的紧密结合。
本书特色七:
本书深入研究并参考了50多本经典权威的语法著作,对于疑难语法和有争
议的语法力求最权威的学术观点论证,尽力做到准确无误。
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本书特色八:
本书打破了只有语法条规的传统语法书的形式,特意结合高考加入了改错
章节,融入历年改错考点,精讲改错技巧,让改错与语法相辅相成,直击提分
核心。
感谢的话
在我的人生历程中,我得到了很多的支持与帮助!在此,我要感谢新东方
教育科技集团董事长兼首席执行官俞敏洪老师,因为我大学时期的奋斗就是从
2002年的暑假在中关村聆听俞老师的讲座开始的,从那时起,我就立志成为一
名新东方老师,并为之而奋斗。
我要感谢我大学本科时期的授业恩师刘肖楠老师,他如兄长般引领我、教
导我,我永远记得在那湖、那塔下他传递的人生观。我要感谢张亚哲老师,他
的儒雅与智慧让我懂得了“经师易得,人师难求”!我要感谢我在西安交通大学
的研究生导师尚玉钒老师,她灵活的授课风格、严谨的学术态度以及谦和而平
易近人的风范令我钦佩。
对于本书的编写和出版,我要特别感谢新东方大愚文化传播有限公司的各
位编辑给出的诸多良好建议,感谢我的好友福州新东方学校的校长姚振华老师
长期以来对本人的帮助。当然,我也一直记得并要感谢新东方教育科技集团的
助理副总裁强浩老师曾经对我的指导与关心,和强浩老师共事的那一年也是我
参与管理工作中最充实、最开心的一年。
我要感谢我的爱人肖燕女士,她从我的未婚妻一直到成为我的爱人到成为
我孩子的妈妈,始终支持着我写下一本又一本书!最后,我要特别感谢我的父
母,他们给予我生命,让我来到这个美丽的世界,享受着充实而美丽的每一
天!
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2015年4月3日于西安
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特色介绍
FEATURES
本书八大独有特色介绍如下:
特色一: 独一无二的语法成功学理念,让你从此脱离语法的苦海,充满
必胜的信心!
成功法则一 世界上先有语言,后有语法,所以语法总有特例。
成功法则二 在中文语义上成立的句子,在英语语法上不一定成
立。
成功法则三 与其做3000道语法题,不如把1000道语法真题做3
遍。
特色二: 一目了然的高考考点记忆导图,让你对历年真题考点了然于
心,过目难忘!
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特色三: 精致而细腻的互动式问答讲解,让你在一问一答间突破语法的
难点,掌握语法的精华!
问: 半倒装是什么样子的?
答: 倒装的样子像一个一般疑问句。(这可是笔者的独门诀窍,记起来
简单吧!很多语法书说半倒装的形式是:助动词+主语+实义动词+其他,记
起来多麻烦!)
我永远不会忘记你的,亲爱的!
记半倒装的秘诀:像一个一般疑问句。只要我们会变一般疑问
句就会变半倒装!
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特色四: 逻辑清晰的王牌解题思路和理念,让你在解答真题之前已经胸
有成竹,势不可挡!
特色五: 巧妙的历年高考原句填空设计,详细高效的真题解答,事半功
倍收入囊中!
高考原句填空
We have launched another man-made satellite , ______ is announced in
today's newspaper.
温馨讲解: 【答案】which
第一步识别考点:由题意及空格前的逗号可知该题考查非限定性定语
从句。
第二步运用技巧:由题干中的is announced可知is前面缺主语。由于本
题是非限定性定语从句,不能填that;而先行词是man-made satellite,也不
能用who。
第三步解出答案:由上面的分析可得出答案为which。
特色六: 清晰的正误对比讲解,助你拨开语法迷雾,远离语法陷阱!
问: although变as倒装中常考的重难点有哪些?
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答: 常见的重难点如下:
重难点1. 表语如果是名词的话,将名词移到句首句后要省略名词前
的冠词。
虽然他是个国王,但他并不幸福。
特色七: 权威的学术观点讲解,让你在百家争鸣之中吸收众家所长,求
同存异!
温馨提示: wish后的从句与将来相反时,有的语法学者认为从句的谓
语动词还可用should,could或might。但有的语法学者又认为这存在争议。
不过,大部分语法学者认为用would是没有争议的,所以本书使用的是
would。如果诸位读者有兴趣的话,可以参看赵振才教授编写的《英语常
见问题解答大典》一书。
特色八: 融入历年改错考点讲解,与语法运用相辅相成,直击考试提分
核心。
问: 形容词和副词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 形容词和副词改错的考点主要有两类:1.形容词和副词的混
淆,如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词等;2.原级、比较
级、最高级的混淆,如as…as结构等。
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高考真题再现
1.There was Uncle Chen,a gentleman living near my house,who was a
very much famous writer.[全国卷]
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目 录
CONTENTS
前言
特色介绍
第一部分 高考大纲语法无敌全解
高考语法成功学
高考英语语法考纲图解
第1讲 倒装与省略 学习建议:第1、2天完成
第11讲 代词 学习建议:第19天完成
第12讲 形容词和副词 学习建议:第20天完成
第14讲 介词 学习建议:第22天完成
第二部分 高考改错技巧无敌精讲
高考英语改错考点图解
历年改错技巧精讲(上) 学习建议:第23天完成
历年改错技巧精讲(下) 学习建议:第24天完成
第三部分 历年高考真题精练
一、历年高考语法填空真题精练
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二、历年高考改错真题精练
三、历年高考动词短语搭配真题精练
附录 历年高考常考动词短语汇总
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第一部分 高考大纲语法
无敌全解
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高考语法成功学
成功法则一
世界上先有语言,后有语法,所以语法总有特例。
具体解释:
1.语法是对大部分语言使用规律的总结,是语言的法律规则!但法
律也有“法中情,法外情”。由于先有语言,后有语法,所以语法一定有
特例!语法有例外,我们要承认它!
2.在学习的时候,一定要先学习有规律的语法,再学习特例的语
法!千万不要倒过来!因为有规律的语法会帮助你写出约80%的句子。不
要为了20%的特例,而放弃了80%的规律。
我们的目标:
先掌握80%的有规律的语法,再寻求突破20%的特例!
成功法则二
在中文语义上成立的句子,在英语语法上不一定成立。
具体解释:
很多人学习语法的时候会遇到这样的问题,那就是觉得这句话在中文
语义上就应该选某个答案,但实际上却不是!这是因为你受到了中文的影
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响!虽然有些句子英文和中文能对应起来,如“I love you”对应中文正
好是“我爱你”,但并不是所有的句子都是一一对应的。当中英文不对应
的时候一定是中英文不一致的时候,如,when和while都可以表“当……
时候”,但while只能接延续性动词,而when却能接延续性动词和瞬间动
词。所以有的句子虽然也是表示“当……时候”,却不能用while。
我们的目标:
学好英语,甚至任何第二语言的关键就在于“求同存异,和平共
处”!只有注意英语和汉语的差异之处,才能事半功倍地学好英语。
成功法则三
与其做3000道语法题,不如把1000道语法真题做3遍。
具体解释:
1.高考语法考点和常用的语法知识点有3000个吗?没有!有1000个
吗?也没有!所以当你做完1000道语法真题后,其实你已经接触了几乎所
有的语法考点。每天做40多道题,24天就完成一轮了。
2.坚持把1000道题中做错的题反复再做!你之所以不进步,是因为
你做错的题一直在错。只有把做错的题下次做对,才是进步的源泉。
我们的目标:
坚持把1000道语法真题做3遍,把做错的题反复再做,你将彻底脱离
语法的苦海。
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陈灿老师之金玉良言
本书是送给莘莘学子的语法礼物。这不是盲目自夸,这是我作为新东方
教育科技集团功勋教师的自信,更是在新东方10余年教授5万余学子的自
信。我确信:世界上没有难的语法,只有把语法讲难的人。跟我学语法,我
有坚定的信心帮助你脱离语法的苦海,让我们一起出发!
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高考英语语法考纲图解
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第1讲 倒装与省略 [学习建议:第1、2天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考倒装和省略各有哪些考点?
答: 倒装考点主要分为三种:全倒装、半倒装和特殊倒装。而省略考点
主要有两种,分别是肯定句so和否定句neither/nor省略。请看超级记忆导
图:
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Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
Section 1:全倒装
问: 全倒装是什么样子的?
答: 全倒装的样子就是把句子从ABC结构变成CBA结构。
例:
这个简单平凡的句子就是经典的全倒装!
全倒装的王牌技巧:把一个句子从ABC结构变成CBA结构。
问: 全倒装有几大高考考点?
答: 全倒装有3大高考考点,具体如下:
高考考点一: here,there,now,then等词位于句首时,句子可全倒装。
高考原句填空
John opened the door.There _____(站着一个女孩,stand)he had never
seen before.[陕西卷]
第二步运用技巧:全倒装之王牌技巧就是将ABC的正常语序变成CBA
语序。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为stood a girl。可以看出there
stood a girl就是将a girl stood there前后顺序颠倒,典型的ABC变CBA模式。
高考原句填空
Away fled the thief.=The thief fled away .小偷跑了。[上海卷]
经典例句:
高考原句填空
At the foot of the mountain ______(一个村庄坐落在,lie).[四川
卷]
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A.a village lie
B.lies a village
C.does a village lie
D.lying a village
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由句首的At the foot of the mountain识别该题考点为全
倒装。
第二步技巧运用:全倒装之王牌技巧就是将ABC的正常语序变成CBA
语序,且表达地理位置应该用现在时,所以我们先写出正常语序a village
lies,然后再倒过来。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为B。
问: 全倒装有例外吗?
答: 当然有。如果主语是人称代词(he,she,it,they等)时,句子不
能全倒装。
例:
Section 2 :半倒装
问: 半倒装是什么样子的?
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答: 半倒装的样子像一个一般疑问句。
我永远不会忘记你的,亲爱的!
记半倒装的秘诀:像一个一般疑问句。只要我们会变一般疑问
句就会变半倒装!
问: 半倒装有几大高考考点?
答: 半倒装有4大高考考点,具体如下:
高考考点一: 否定半倒装
当我们把否定词、词组或句型放到句首时,整个句子要变成半倒装。
高考原句填空
她不在乎外表,她在乎的是自己的工作表现。[湖北卷]
Little ______ ( care ) what she looks like;all she cares about is her job
performance.
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由句首的little识别该题考点为半倒装,而半倒装之王牌技巧就是像个一
• • • • • • • • •
般 疑 问 句 , 又 根 据 句 中 时 态 为 现 在 时 , 所 以 得 出 答 案 为 does she
• • • •
care(about)。
第二步技巧运用:半倒装之王牌技巧就是像一般疑问句,且由last night
可知用过去式,所以我们先写出正常语序a debate attracted,再变成一般疑问
句语序。
问: 半倒装中常见的位于句首的否定词、词组和句型有哪些?
答: 如下表所示:
A.常见否定词:
no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,nowhere,rarely等。
B.常见否定词组:
C.常见否定句型:
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not only…but also , hardly/scarcely…when , no sooner…than ,
not until…等。
问: 半倒装中常考的重难点有哪些?
答: 主要有3大重难点,如下所示:
如:Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the
room.
如:Hardly had she got married when she regretted her choice.
高考考点二: only半倒装
问: 只要only位于句首,句子就能倒装吗?
答: only位于句首,且后必须要加状语才能使用半倒装,即only+状语
+主句半倒装。
高考原句填空
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Only if people of all the countries are united _______(我们才能解决,
solve)the existing problems in the world.[湖北卷]
高考考点三: so…that半倒装
问: 只要该句型中的so位于句首,句子就能倒装吗?
答: so…that句型中的so位于句首时,其所在句需倒装。但是这个倒装
在变的时候有点特殊。so要先接形容词或副词,然后再半倒装,即So+形容
词/副词+半倒装。
高考经典真题
______ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.[陕西卷]
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项的So识别该题考点为半倒装。
第二步技巧运用:运用王牌技巧So+形容词/副词+半倒装的公式,首
先排除选项C、D,因为So后面没有接形容词或副词;然后根据半倒装像个
• • • • •
一般疑问句 ,排除选项A。
• • • • •
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第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为B,选项B符合So+形容词/
副词+半倒装的公式。
高考考点四: 虚拟半倒装
问: 虚拟半倒装是如何变的?
答: 在if引导的虚拟语气中,当if从句的谓语动词出现were,had,
should这三个助动词中的其中一个时,可将if省略,从句变成半倒装。
经典例句
Were the sun to rise in the west,I would marry you.
=If the sun were to rise in the west,I would marry you.
如果太阳从西边出来,我就嫁给你。(表与将来的事实相反,这里指没
希望)
如果我是你,我会再试一次的。(鼓励他人的经典口语)
Section 3 :特殊倒装although变as
问: although引导的句子变成as引导特殊倒装是如何变化的?
答: although变成as引导的特殊倒装要分两步走,关键在于要将从句中
的表语提前。
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Although he is rich,I don't envy him.
虽然他很富有,但我并不羡慕他。
第一步:把Although换成As,此时,该句还只是个半成品。
第二步:把从句中的表语提到句首,即完成倒装。
问: although变as倒装中常考的重难点有哪些?
答: 主要有3大重难点,如下所示:
重难点1. 表语如果是名词的话,将名词移到句首后要省略名词前的冠 • • • • • • •
词 。
•
虽然他是个国王,但他并不幸福。
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A.if
B.when
C.since
D.as
解题思路: 由选项可识别该题考点为状语从句,而从题干Try又可以
识别出考查倒装语序。分析四个选项,唯一可以用倒装的只有D。as引导的
让步状语从句,应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。题目前半
句说她试过,后半句说Sue不能打开门,明显前后两句意思上存在转折。as
表示“虽然,尽管”。
Section 4 :省略,so/neither/nor表赞同或类似
高考考点一: so/neither/nor表赞同或类似
问: “so+主语+助动词”和“so+助动词+主语”的区别是什么?
答: “so+主语+助动词”则表示赞同对方所讲的话,或对前面所发生
的事情表示确定。“so+助动词+主语”表示类似,即“A是某种情况,B也是
某种情况”。
类型 肯定句 否定句
neither/nor+主语+助
表示赞同 so+主语+助动词
动词
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表示类似 so+助动词+主语 neither/nor+助动词+
主语
例: 温馨对比:
—So do I .我也喜欢。(表类似)
—Tom likes swimming.汤姆
喜欢游泳。
—So he does .他确实喜欢。(表赞同)
高考原句填空
——我不知道你是怎么认为的,但我很讨厌这种天气。
——我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。
— I don't know about you,but I'm sick and tired of this weather.
温馨讲解: 【答案】So am I
由上下文的句意可识别该题考点为省略。根据下文中的I can't stand all
this rain可知,此处与上一句I'm sick and tired of the weather的感受类似,又
根据省略考点,肯定句用so,再根据句意表类似,得出应该用So am I,表示
“我也是”。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
35
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1 . Never in my wildest dreams ______ ( 我 可 以 想 象 , imagine ) these
people are living in such poor conditions.[安徽卷 ]
6 . Not until two days after the earthquake ______ ( 她 发 现 , find ) her
mother alive.[湖北卷 ]
8.Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and ______(我
也不高兴 ,neither).[辽宁卷 ]
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12.— I reminded you not to forget the appointment.[江西卷 ]
13.—Father,you promised![湖北卷 ]
17.Not until he left his home ______(他 才开始 ,begin )to know how
important the family was for him.[江西卷 ]
— ______(我也不会再来了 ,neither).[全国卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
37
1 . Not until he went through real hardship _____ the love we have for our
families is important.[福建卷 ]
A.had he realized
B.did he realize
C.he realized
D.he had realized
2.At no time ______ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
[辽宁卷 ]
3.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ______,
one of the ten largest cities in China.[重庆卷 ]
A.lies Chongqing
B.Chongqing lies
C.does lie Chongqing
D.does Chongqing lie
5.Never before ______ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
[江西卷 ]
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A.had she
B.she had
C.has she
D.she has
7 . ______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay
healthy.[江苏卷 ]
A.So much
B.Too much
C.Too little
D.So little
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10.Hot ______ the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired
after the long journey.[陕西卷 ]
A.although
B.as
C.while
D.however
11 . Unsatisfied ______ with the payment , he took the job just to get some
work experience.[重庆卷 ]
A.though was he
B.though he was
C.he was though
D.was he though
13.Not once ______ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in
his class.[湖南卷 ]
A.occurred it
B.it did occur
C.it occurred
D.did it occur
14.They have a good knowledge of English but little ______ they know about
German.[天津卷 ]
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A.have
B.did
C.had
D.do
15 . No sooner ______ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into
thunderous applause.[陕西卷 ]
A.had Mo Yan
B.Mo Yan had
C.has Mo Yan
D.Mo Yan has
17 . ______ the nurses want a pay increase , they want reduced hours as
well.[全国卷 ]
A.Not do only
B.Do not only
C.Only not do
D.Not only do
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19.— Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
—______.[江苏卷 ]
A.So is mine
B.So mine is
C.So does mine
D.So mine does
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 否定词Never位于句首时,主句使用半倒装,半倒装之王牌技
巧就是像个一般疑问句,根据句意答案为could/can I imagine。
2 .解析: 考查倒装句的用法。so…that句型中如果so置于句首,其所在句
要用半倒装。根据语境中can hardly imagine得知用一般现在时,所以答案为
does light travel。
42
4 .解析: 本题考查介词短语位于句首的全倒装。全倒装之王牌技巧就是
将ABC的正常语序变成CBA语序,题干的前半部分的正常结构应为Many lakes
lie in the dark forests,变全倒装后答案就是lie many lakes。
5 .解析: seldom为否定词放句首用半倒装,半倒装之王牌技巧就是像个
一般疑问句,从而迅速得出答案为do we think,句意为“我们因笑话而笑,但很
少去思考笑话是如何让我们发笑的。”
7 .解析: 此题考查主谓一致和倒装结构。本句意为:这对夫妇对于野生
植物是那么好奇,以至于他们决定去马达加斯加做进一步研究。运用王牌技巧
so+形容词/副词+半倒装的公式,得出答案为curious were the couple,谓语用
复数形式。
8 .解析: 本句意为:比尔对贾森耽误了报告的事不高兴,我也是(我也
不高兴)。表示否定的类似时,应该用“neither/nor+助动词+主语”,迅速得
出答案为neither was I。
9 .解析: “only+状语”放在句首时,句子要用半倒装语序。半倒装之王
牌技巧就是像个一般疑问句,从而迅速得出答案为can we solve。
10 .解析: 本题考查“so+助动词+主语”表示“类似”。根据句意可知昨天
也和今天一样的热,表“类似”,从而迅速得出答案为So was it。
12 .解析: 本题考查“so+主语+助动词”表示“赞同”。根据回答“是的,
你确实提醒过”,可知这里是表“赞同”,从而迅速得出答案为So you did。
13 .解析: 本题考查“so+主语+助动词”表示“赞同”。由括号内容可知爸
爸的回答是“是的,我承诺过”,表示“赞同”,从而迅速得出答案为so I did。
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14 .解析: 句首有关键词Little,句子需半倒装。半倒装之王牌技巧就是
像个一般疑问句,从而迅速得出答案为does she care。
15 .解析: “only+状语”位于句首时要用半倒装,半倒装之王牌技巧就是
像个一般疑问句,而根据when引导的状语从句中的can,可知主句要用将来
时,即“主将从现”,故答案为will you keep。
16 .解析: “only+状语”位于句首时要用半倒装,半倒装之王牌技巧就是
像个一般疑问句,所以答案为can the patients be treated。
19 .解析: 本题考查“so+助动词+主语”表示“类似”。根据句意可知后者
和前者的做法一样,以后也不会再来了,所以答案为Neither would I。
20 .解析: “so+主语+谓语”表示赞同别人所说的话。所提供的情境
Good heavens说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包,所以答案为so I did。
Section 2
2 .解析: at no time(在任何时候都不,决不)位于句首时要用半倒装,
半倒装之王牌技巧就是像个一般疑问句,迅速排除A、D。B和C差别在于时
态,根据题干时态标志词was可知答案为C。
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3 .解析: 本题考查介词短语位于句首的全倒装。全倒装之王牌技巧就是
将ABC的正常语序变成CBA,所以选项中正常语序都不对。可首先排除选项
B。不存在C项这种结构形式,而D为半倒装,不符合此处用法。故答案选A。
4 .解析: then位于句首,且当句子的主语是名词时,句子用全倒装,全
倒装之王牌技巧就是将ABC的正常语序变成CBA,所以选项中正常语序都不
对。可首先排除选项A、C。D为半倒装,不符合此处用法。所以答案为B。
5 .解析: 句首有关键词Never,句子用半倒装。半倒装之王牌技巧就是
像个一般疑问句,排除B、D。再根据never before可知应用现在完成时,故选
C。
6 .解析: as引导让步状语从句倒装时,表语要放到句首,如果表语是名
词,名词前的冠词要省略。该句中表语是a quiet student,冠词要省略。所以答
案为B。
7 .解析: 本句意为:只有吃适当的食物,你才能够保持健康,可知
unless不符合句意,可先排除C、D。而only if位于句首时,主句应用半倒装形
式,所以答案为A。
9 .解析: “only+状语”位于句首时要用半倒装,半倒装之王牌技巧就是
像个一般疑问句,排除A、B,而C选项中没有用被动语态,所以也可排除。故
答案选D。本句意为:只有当你的身份得到确认后,你才被准许进入。
10 .解析: 本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法。题干中表语Hot
置于句首,明显符合as状语从句的用法。其他三个选项都不能将表语提到句
首。所以答案为B。
11 .解析: 本题考查though引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法。将表语
Unsatisfied提到句首,其后跟引导词和正常的主谓语序。所以答案为B。
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12 .解析: by no means意为“绝不”,放在句首时,句子要用半倒装语
序。半倒装之王牌技巧就是像个一般疑问句,因此D项正确。B项多了not一
词,应排除。
13 .解析: 否定词not和状语位于句首时,主句使用半倒装,半倒装之王
牌技巧就是像个一般疑问句,所以答案是D。本题包含一个高考常考的句型:
it occurs/occured to sb.that…(某人突然想起/想到……)
14 .解析: 注意连词but后面连接的并列句以否定词little开头,根据语法
规则,否定副词放在句首要用半倒装,注意到前半句用了一般现在时,且此处
的have属实义动词,不是助动词,所以后面的句子不能选用A和C,因为选项A
和C是助动词。句子应该用一般现在时态,所以本题答案为D。
16 .解析: so…that…的结构中,若so和它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句
首,其所在句要用半倒装,运用so+形容词/副词+半倒装的公式可知,答案选
C。注意此处是系表结构,把表语提前,如果选A会导致句意不通。
19 .解析: 本题考查“so+助动词+主语”与“so+主语+助动词”的意义区
别。“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人也做某事,某人情况也一样”。而“so+主语
+助动词”则表示说话人赞同对方所讲的话,或对前面所发生的事情表示确
46
定。句意为:——玛吉在晚会上玩得很开心。——是的,她确实很开心,我也
玩得很开心,所以答案为C。注意题干中的had是实义动词,而不是助动词。
20 .解析: 本题考查“so+助动词+主语”与“so+主语+助动词”的意义区
别。“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人也做某事,某人情况也一样”,表示后者与
前面陈述的情况类似。而“so+主语+助动词”则表示说话人赞同对方所讲的
话。根据句意可知该题表类似,且谓语动词为gets,要用does来替代,所以要
选C。
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48
第2讲 强调句与反意疑
问句 [学习建议:第3、4天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考强调句和反意疑问句有哪些考点?
答: 强调句考点主要分为2大类,而反意疑问句考点主要考4类,请看超
级记忆导图:
49
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:强调句
Section 1
高考考点一: 强调句的陈述句式
问: 强调句的陈述句式是什么样子的?它能强调的句子成分有哪些?
答: 强调句的陈述句式是:it is/was+强调部分+that(who,whom)
+…,可强调的部分通常为主语、宾语和状语。要特别注意强调句不可以用
when,where,why等词。
50
例:汤姆昨天买了一本书。
温馨提示:
第一,强调句型中的it本身没有意义。第二,强调句的连接词
为that。但当强调人时,也可用who(主语或宾语)或whom(宾
语)。
高考原句填空
It was in New Zealand ______ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】that
第一步识别考点:由句首的It was+状语结构可识别该题考点应该是强
调句。
第二步运用技巧:再根据强调句之王牌技巧还原法 来进一步判断是否
• • •
为强调句。如果能还原,就是强调句,如果不能还原,就不是强调句。本句
可以还原成Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith in New Zealand.所以该句是强调
句。
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第三步解出答案:从以上分析可知答案是that。
高考考点二:强调句的一般疑问句句式
问: 强调句的一般疑问句句式是什么样子的?
答: 强调句的一般疑问句句式是:is/was it+强调部分+that(who,
whom)+…?
高考原句填空
—Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?[上海卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】that
由题干还原she saved the firm by cutting down staff可识别该题考点为强调
句型的一般疑问句,考查Was it+强调部分+that…?
高考考点三:强调句的特殊疑问句句式
问: 强调句的特殊疑问句句式是什么样子的?
答: 强调句的特殊疑问句句式是:wh-+ is/was it+ that(who,
whom)+…?
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例:杰克是在去年获得的学位。
第一步,我们来强调一下时间状语last year:
第二步,我们再对强调句型中的last year提问:
高考经典真题
I just wonder ______(究竟是什么)that makes him so excited.[山东
卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】what it is
第一步识别考点:由句意和题干中的that识别该题考点为强调句型wh-+
is/was it+ that…?
第二步技巧运用:解题关键技巧在于分析强调句所缺的成分 。由题干
• • • • • • • • • •
中that后面的makes是谓语可知,该强调部分为主语。同时从整体来看,
wonder后为宾语从句,该从句的语序为陈述语序,所以用的是it is。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为what it is。
问: 强调句型常考的重难点和容易混淆的地方有哪些?
答: 主要有3大重难点,强调句型容易和一些主语从句、时间状语从句等
混淆。具体说明如下:
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重难点1. 高考常考句型:It is/was not until…that+其他部分
如 : It was not until midnight that they reached the camp
site.[重庆卷]
直到午夜,他们才到达营地。
调句型中不可用倒装结构 。类似的还有only位于强调句型中也不用半倒
• • • • • • • • • • •
装!
如:
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the
room .(半倒装)
It was not until the child fell asleep that the mother left
the room .(强调句)
重难点3. 强调句型可能和带形式主语的主语从句、时间状语从句等混
淆。辨别的经典王牌技巧是还原法 !即把强调句型去掉后,如果该句子能
• • • • • • • • • •
还原成一个完整的句子,那么就是强调句型,否则,就不是强调句型,可能
是带形式主语的主语从句或时间状语从句,还有定语从句的可能。
如:
A.that
B.when
答案B。为什么不选A?因为该句不是强调句,而是when引导的时间状语
从句。我们用还原法来试一下,该句经还原变成:eight o'clock I got
54
up.或者I got up eight o'clock.可知句子成分不完整,缺了一个介词
at,所以可判断此处并不是强调句型。
Section 2:do/does/did强调
经典例句
I do love you.我真的爱你!
I did call you last night but you were not in.昨晚我确实给你打电话了,
但你不在。
问: do/does/did可以用来强调什么成分呢?
答: do/does/did可以用来强调谓语动词,起到加强语气的作用。
Section 3:反意疑问句
55
高考考点一: 反意疑问句的标准形式
问: 反意疑问句的标准形式是什么?
答: 反意疑问句的标准形式是:前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定。即陈述
句是肯定句,则反意疑问句用否定句;陈述句如果是否定句,则反意疑问句用
肯定句。另外,特别要注意,否定句应含有否定词或半否定词,如no,not,
little,few,never,seldom,hardly等词。
经典例句
It is a wonderful day,isn't it?今天是美好的一天,不是吗?
温馨提示: 带否定前缀的词,如impolite,虽然具有否定意义,但不能
算否定词。如:
高考考点二: 祈使句的反意疑问句
问: 祈使句的反意疑问句有哪些考点?
答: 祈使句的反意疑问句主要有4大考点,具体如下表所示:
考点 祈使句类型 反意疑问句
1 肯定句 常用will you
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2 否定句 只用will you
3 Let's类型 shall we
高考原句填空
We forgot to bring our tickets,but please let us enter,______?[全国
卷]
高考经典真题
When you've finished with that book , don't forget to put it back on the
shelf,______?[北京卷]
A.do you
B.don't you
C.will you
D.won't you
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项识别该题考点为祈使句的反意疑问句。
第二步技巧运用:解题关键技巧在于判断反意疑问句的类型 。由题干
• • • • • • • • • •
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• • • • • • • • • •
中don't forget to put it back on the shelf可知,该反意疑问句为否定的祈使句。
否定祈使句的反意疑问句用will you。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为C。
高考考点三: 宾语从句的反意疑问句
问: 宾语从句的反意疑问句有哪些重难点?
答: 本考点的重难点主要在于宾语从句的反意疑问句的主语和谓语到底
与主句还是从句一致的问题。具体请看下面的详解:
宾语从句的反意疑问句的重难点
宾语从句的反意疑问句的主语和谓语通常和主句一致,但当主句主语是
第一人称,且主句的谓语动词是think,believe,feel,imagine,reckon,
suppose,be sure等词时,宾语从句的反意疑问句的主语和谓语通常和从句一
致。
例:1.你认为汤姆会来,不是吗?
2.我相信你会喜欢这次聚会的,不是吗?
温馨讲解: 上面的例1中虽然有think的出现,但主语You不是第一人
称,所以该反意疑问句是和主句一致。而例2中主语为第一人称I,而且主句
谓语动词是believe,所以该句的反意疑问句应和从句一致。
高考考点四: 反意疑问句的特殊主语考点
58
陈述句的主语 反意疑问句的主语
this,that it
动名词doing,不定式to do it
-thing it
主语从句 it
-body/-one(不定代词) they
高考原句填空
There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert
ended,______?[上海卷]
经典例句
Everything is ready,isn't it ?一切准备就绪了,不是吗?
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Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.It was the culture,rather than the language,______ made it hard for him
to adapt to the new environment abroad.[福建卷 ]
—Well , maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that
counts.[浙江卷 ]
3.It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr.Gross realized the task
before him was extremely difficult to complete.[全国卷 ]
4.It's not doing the things we like,but liking the things we have to do ______
makes life happy.[湖南卷 ]
5.It was not until I came here _____ I realized this place was famous for not
only its beauty but also its weather.[湖南卷 ]
6 . It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was
rescued.[重庆卷 ]
7 . It was after he got what he had desired ______ he realized it was not so
important.[辽宁卷 ]
8.It was because of bad weather ______ the football match had to be put off.
[上海卷 ]
9.Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr.Smith got angry?
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— Of course,I have.It was in our village _______ it was made.[重庆卷
]
11.It's not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives,but what we
do consistently.[湖南卷 ]
12.It was _____ he came back from Africa that year _______ he met the girl
he would like to marry.[江西卷 ]
13.It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his
childhood.[天津卷 ]
15.Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat
went down?[四川卷 ]
16.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,______?[重庆
卷]
21 . Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday ,
______she?[广东卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
61
1.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ______
Zheng sailed to East Africa.[重庆卷 ]
A.when
B.that
C.after
D.since
2 . It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do
______ benefits our work most.[陕西卷 ]
A.who
B.which
C.that
D.what
3.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _______
the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.[安徽卷 ]
A.where
B.that
C.when
D.which
4.John's success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work
_______ has made him what he is today.[湖南卷 ]
A.why
B.when
C.which
D.that
5.It is these poisonous products _______ can cause the symptoms of the flu,
such as headache and aching muscles.[上海卷 ]
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A.who
B.that
C.how
D.what
6.It was not until midnight _______ they reached the camp site.[重庆卷
]
A.that
B.when
C.while
D.as
A.which
B.it
C.that
D.this
8.I don't mind her criticizing me,but _______ is how she does it that I object
to.[江西卷 ]
A.it
B.that
C.this
D.which
9.It _______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _______ I found
we had a lot in common.[浙江卷 ]
A.was until;when
B.was until;that
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C.wasn't until;when
D.wasn't until;that
10.It was not until she got home _______ Jennifer realized she had lost her
keys.[全国卷 ]
A.when
B.that
C.where
D.before
11.It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters.[天津卷 ]
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.this
A.Where was it
B.What was it
C.How was it
D.Why was it
A.What is it that
B.What it is that
C.How is it that
D.How it is that
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14.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or
what you are.[全国卷 ]
A.one
B.that
C.what
D.it
15 . It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _____
attracted the audience's interest.[上海卷 ]
A.so that
B.that
C.what
D.in which
A.hasn't she
B.has she
C.isn't she
D.is she
A.isn't he
B.hasn't he
C.isn't it
D.hasn't it
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C.not until midnight that he went
D.until midnight when he didn't go
A.don't
B.will
C.shall
D.do
A.is he
B.isn't he
C.doesn't she
D.does she
21 . Brian told you that there wasn't anyone in the room at that time ,
______?[上海卷 ]
A.was there
B.wasn't there
C.didn't he
D.did he
22.It was for this reason _____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled
down in a small village.[上海卷 ]
A.which
B.why
C.that
D.how
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历年真题答案详解
Section 1
67
10 .解析: 本题考点为强调句型:It is/was+强调部分+that…。此处强
调地点状语in our village,所以答案为that。句意为:——你看过《山楂树之
恋》这部电影吗?——当然看过,这部电影是在我们村拍摄的。
16 .解析: 在反意疑问句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think,suppose,
believe,imagine,be sure等词,且主语为第一人称I,反意疑问句的主语和时
态要与宾语从句一致,但本句只符合一个条件,即主语为I,谓语动词并不是
think,suppose,believe,imagine,be sure等词,该句谓语动词是told,所以本
题的反意疑问句仍然与主句一致,故答案为didn't I。
17 .解析: 反意疑问句的基本原则为陈述部分为否定,反意疑问部分为
肯定,且与主句主谓保持一致,所以答案为does it。
18 .解析: 根据反意疑问句的基本原则,陈述部分是否定形式,反义疑
问部分用肯定形式。此处陈述部分中含有否定词hardly,故疑问部分用肯定形
式,又因主语是you and I,所以答案为could we。
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19 .解析: 陈述句中的谓语中虽有情态动词must,但此处must表示对正
在进行的动作进行推测,故反意疑问句由must后的助动词be来构成,又因主语
为he,所以答案为isn't he。
20 .解析: 在反意疑问句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think,suppose,
believe,imagine,be sure等词,且主语为第一人称I,反意疑问句的主语和时
态要与宾语从句一致。本题符合以上两个条件,所以答案为wouldn't you。
21 .解析: 本句主句是一般过去时态的肯定句,因此其反意疑问句应该
用一般过去时态的否定句。注意该句中had是实义动词,所以反意疑问句要借
助助动词did,故答案为didn't。
Section 2
69
7 .解析: 本题考点为强调句型:It is+强调部分+that…。此处强调的主
语由not…but连接,答案为C。
70
17 .解析: 此题考查反意疑问句的主语,由主句的it is可知,反意疑问句
为isn't it,所以答案为C。
20 .解析: 因为主句是否定句,其主语是Mrs.Black,所以它的反意疑
问句是does she。在含有宾语从句的句子中,除第一人称外,反意疑问句要根
据其主句的主语来确定。故答案为D。
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72
第3讲 并列连词和主谓
一致 [学习建议:第5、6天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考并列连词和主谓一致各有哪些考点?
答: 并列连词考点主要有4类,而主谓一致考点主要分为3类。请看超级
记忆导图:
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Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:并列连词
Section 1
高考考点: 四大并列连词
问: 历年常考的并列连词有哪几类?
答: 常考的并列连词有4类,分别表示并列、转折、选择和因果关系。详
见下表:
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类型 常考并列连词
表示并列关系 and,as well as,both…and,not only…but
also,neither…nor
表示转折关系 but,however,yet,whereas,not…but
表示选择关系 or,either…or
表示因果关系 so,therefore
高考经典真题
你得让出路来,否则卡车无法从你旁边开过。
You have to move out of the way,______ the truck can not get past you.
[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】or
第一步识别考点:根据前后句子不缺成分和句中已经有两个谓语可以初
步判断该题考查并列连词辨析。
第二步运用技巧:并列连词辨析的王牌技巧就是考虑上下句之间的逻辑
关系与句意,同时特别注意句子结构的差别。
第三步解出答案:根据此处句意可知,前后句是选择关系,故最佳答案
为or。
高考原句填空
1.再次见到Jenny我很高兴,但我不想整天都和她在一起。
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I was glad to meet Jenny again , but I didn't want to spend all day with
her.[全国卷]
2.给我一个机会,我就给你一个惊喜。
Section 2 :主谓一致
高考考点一: 就近一致原则
问: 什么叫就近一致原则?
答: 就近一致原则是指谓语的数与最靠近的主语一致。常见的就近一致
句型如下:
经典例句
1.不是你错了就是我错了。
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2.桌子上有一本书和几只钢笔。
3.不仅是你,还有他也要受到责备。
高考原句填空
Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______ tired of having one examination
after another.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】are
第一步识别考点:根据题干中的not only…but also确定该题考点为主谓
一致。
第二步运用技巧:根据就近一致原则可知,谓语动词与but also后的成
分一致。而but also后是Jane and Mary两个人,所以谓语动词用复数。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为are。
高考考点二: 就远一致原则
问: 什么叫就远一致原则?
答: 就远一致原则是指谓语的数与离得远的主语A一致。常见的就远一致
的句型如下:
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高考原句填空
1.除了经理,所有的员工都被鼓励在家网上办公。[广东卷]
All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at
home.
2.史密斯博士和他的妻子、女儿准备今年夏天去北京旅游。[陕西
卷]
高考经典真题
The famous musician,as well as his students,_______ to perform at the
opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.[福建卷]
A.were invited
B.was invited
C.have been invited
D.has been invited
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项中的单复数识别该题考点为主谓一致。
78
第二步运用技巧:根据题干可知该题考查as well as连接主语时谓语的单
复数,此种情况应根据就远一致原则,所以谓语动词与隔得远的主语The
famous musician一致,所以要用单数,从而排除A和C。再根据句中标志性
词语at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知应使用一般过
去时态。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为B。
高考考点三: 特殊主谓一致原则
A:常接单数形式的6大考点
考点 主语形式 谓语形式
1 one and a half+复数名词
3 -one/ -body/-thing构成的复合代词
4 to do,doing,主语从句 单数
6 表示时间、金钱或度量衡的名词
温馨提示: 1.考点4在某些情况下谓语动词也可用复数,但高考主要考谓
语单数的情况。
2.考点5中第二个each/every/no/many a可以省略,简化为
each/every/no/many a A and B的形式。
高考原句填空
—Did you go to the show last night?
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—Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited.[陕西卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】was
由空格前的主语可识别该题考点为主谓一致。当every A and B做主语
时,谓语动词用单数,再根据句中标志性词语last night可知此处应该用过去
式,所以答案为was。
高考经典真题
Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ ( 已 经 使 得 , cause )
hearing loss in some teenagers.[湖南卷]
第二步运用技巧:根据语法规则可知,doing做主语时,谓语动词用单
数,再根据句意判断语态为主动,所以最好用完成时。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为has caused。
高考原句填空
Most of what has been said about the Smiths ______ also true of the
Johnsons.[安徽卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】is
第一步识别考点:由该题为what引导的主语从句做主语识别该题考点为
主谓一致。
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第二步运用技巧:根据主谓一致的原则,主语从句做主语时谓语动词用
单数。
第三步解出答案:所以答案为is。
B:接单复数形式有区别的考点
考点 主语形式 谓语形式
all表人 复数
1
all表物或抽象概念 单数
a number of+复数名词,表“许
复数
多”
2
the number of+复数名词,表
单数
“……的数量”
经典例句
1.All is going well.一切顺利。
考点 主语形式 谓语形式
3 冠词+A and冠词+B,表不同的人
复数
或物
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冠词+A and B,表同一人或物 单数
the+形容词,表一类人 复数
4
the+形容词,表抽象概念 单数
经典例句
1 . The teacher and writer is from Hunan . ( 那 位 教 师 兼 作 家 来 自 湖
南。)
C:百分数等+of+名词的考点
half,the rest,分数,百分数+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要
和of之后的名词保持一致。
高考原句填空
Two fifths of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】is
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分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词由该名词决定。land是不可数名词,
所以谓语动词应使用单数形式is。
D:定语从句的主谓一致考点
问: 定语从句的谓语动词的单复数是怎样决定的?
答: 通常来说,定语从句的谓语动词的单复数是由该从句所修饰的先行
词决定的,但有以下例外情况:
高考原句填空
Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who
_______(wear)evening dress.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】wears
第一步识别考点:首先从题干the only one of…确定该题考查定语从句的
主谓一致。
第三步解出答案:所以应该填wears。
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E:以复数形式结尾的名词考点
考点 主语形式 谓语形式
news,means(方法),works(工
厂)和以复数形式结尾的学科名
1 词,如:mathematics,politics, 单数
physics等都属于形式上是复数,而
实际上为单数名词
trousers,glasses,clothes,
shoes,scissors(剪刀),
2 复数
goods(货物),arms(武器)等词
作主语
经典例句
1.数学对他来说似乎很难。
2.她的衣服是白色的,而我的裤子是黑色的。
3.这种款式的眼镜很流行。
温馨对比: 这些款式的眼镜很流行。
These kinds of glasses are very popular.
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F :集体名词考点
主语 主语形式 谓语形式
强调一个整体 单数
集体名词
强调集体中的各个成员 复数
常见的集体名词: class,family,army,team,club,party,crowd,
majority,government,public,group,committee等。
集体名词主要有2类常见的特例。具体如下表所示:
1 . 谓 语 动 词 要 用 单 数 的 集 合 名 词 : clothing ( 衣 服 ) , poetry ( 诗
歌),food(食物),furniture(家具),equipment(设备),scenery(景
色)等。因为它们是不可数名词。
2.谓语动词要用复数的集合名词:people(人们),police(警察),
cattle(牛群)等。不能说a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a
policeman,a head of cattle。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.Every possible means _______(use)to prevent the air pollution,but the
sky is still not clear.[上海卷 ]
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2.Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,_______ plants can
spread to new places.[北京卷 ]
5.Find ways to praise your children often,_______ you'll find they will open
their hearts to you.[山东卷 ]
6.Read this story,_______ you will realize that not everything can be bought
with money.[四川卷 ]
8 . The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials , the rest of which
_______ saved for other purposes.[安徽卷 ]
9.One third of the country _______ covered with trees and the majority of the
citizens _______ black people.[湖南卷 ]
11.The teacher together with the students _______ discussing Reading Skills
that ______ newly published in America.[四川卷 ]
12.Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due
tomorrow.[湖南卷 ]
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13.A survey of the opinions of experts _______(show)that three hours of
outdoor exercise a week _______ good for one's health.[上海卷 ]
14.We live day by day,but in the great things,the time of days and weeks
_______so small that a day is unimportant.[湖南卷 ]
15.Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs _______ you could
have problems.[北京卷 ]
18 . I told him what I was surprised _______ ( be ) his attitude towards his
study.[上海卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1 . Between the two generations , it is often not their age , _______ their
education that causes misunderstanding.[全国卷 ]
A.like
B.as
C.or
D.but
2.I thought we'd be late for the concert,_______ we ended up getting there
ahead of time.[湖南卷 ]
A.but
B.or
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C.so
D.for
3.Reality is not the way you wish things to be,nor the way they appear to
be,_______ the way they actually are.[湖南卷 ]
A.as
B.or
C.but
D.and
A.or
B.while
C.but
D.and
5.— Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?
A.because
B.and
C.so
D.but
6.Bring the flowers into a warm room ___ they'll soon open.[辽宁卷 ]
A.or
B.and
C.but
D.for
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7 . As a result of the serious flood , two-thirds of the buildings in the area
_______.[陕西卷 ]
A.need repairing
B.needs to repair
C.needs repairing
D.need to repair
8 . Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture , but when
and where _______ yet.[浙江卷 ]
9.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______
used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long.[浙江卷 ]
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
10.A poet and artist _______ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature
and painting tomorrow afternoon.[江苏卷 ]
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
11.The father as well as his three children _______ skating on the frozen river
every Sunday afternoon in winter.[辽宁卷 ]
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A.is going
B.go
C.goes
D.are going
12.As you can see,the number of cars on roads _______ rising these days.
[全国卷 ]
A.was keeping
B.keep
C.keeps
D.were keeping
A.is working
B.works
C.work
D.worked
15.All the preparations for the task ______,and we are ready to start.[全
国卷 ]
A.completed
B.complete
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C.had been completed
D.have been completed
16.All the employees except the manager _______ to work online at home.
[广东卷 ]
A.encourages
B.encourage
C.is encouraged
D.are encouraged
17 . The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class , _______ visiting a
museum when the earthquake struck.[北京卷 ]
A.was
B.were
C.had been
D.would be
A.got
B.gets
C.are
D.were
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
91
1 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语Every possible means为单数概
念,意思是“每种可能的手段、方法”,因此谓语要用单数;其次,根据句意
“所有可能预防空气污染的方法都用过了,但天空还是不澄澈”可知此处应该用
现在完成时的被动语态。因此答案应为has been used。
2 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。根据上下文句意填so表“于是,所
以”。
4 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。句意为:——有人给你打电话。——
_____没有人知道我在这儿。根据句意可知前后两句明显为转折关系,因此填
But。
5 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。此处前后两句为顺承关系,所以填
and。
6 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。此处前后两句为顺承关系,所以填
and。
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10 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语是the number,故谓语动词用
单数,又因时间状语是since 1997,所以用完成时态,故答案为has been。
12 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致。Either…or…连接两个主语,按就近原则
来确定谓语的单复数。one of your students谓语应用单数形式is。
14 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致。句意为:我们日复一日地生活,但从大
的方面来讲,几天和几周的时间是如此短暂,以至于一天根本微不足道。本句
用来陈述事实,用一般现在时;空格处所在句子的主语是the time,谓语动词
应用单数形式is。
15 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。根据上下文句意应填入or表示“否
则”。
16 .解析: 本题真正的主语是Walmart,所以谓语动词要用单数形式,故
答案为keeps。
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Section 2
1 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。本题结合强调句型对并列连词词组
not…but…进行考查,表示“不是……而是……”,该并列连词词组在句中连接
主语,所以选D。
2 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。根据句意,前后为转折关系,所以选
A。
3 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。考查并列连词词组not…but…,句中
该并列连词词组连接表语,所以选C。句意为:现实并不是你希望事情成为的
那样,也不是事情看上去的那样,而是事情本身的样子。
4 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。根据句意,前后应为顺承关系,所以
选择D项。
5 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。空格前说乐意参加,空格后说周末要
出城,明显前后为转折关系,所以答案为D。
6 .解析: 本题考查并列连词用法。根据句意,前后为顺承关系,所以选
B。
7 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和need的用法。分数、百分数修饰名词,谓
语动词的单复数取决于名词,此处two-thirds修饰buildings,故谓语动词取决于
名词复数buildings,排除B、C两项,再根据need doing相当于need to be done可
知答案选A。
8 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致及时态。根据句意,此处应用被动语态,故
排除B;又因为when and where是一个整体,表示单数意义,故排除D;再根据
句末的yet可知应用现在完成时,故选A。
9 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。当分数、百分数作主语时,
要根据其后面省略的名词来决定其谓语动词的单复数。此处one-third应是one-
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third of the notebook computers的省略形式,因此谓语动词用复数,且前面的句
子用了一般过去时,所以D项正确。
14 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和语态。句意为:随着更多的森林被毁
坏,每年有大量的良田被冲走。quantities of后既可接不可数名词,也可接可数
名词,其谓语动词用复数,且此处应该用被动语态,故选D项。
15 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和语态。空格前的句意为“这项任务的所有
准备工作都已做完”,注意后面用的是一般现在时,另外,任务和完成之间是
被动关系,此处应该用被动语态,综上可知正确答案为D。
95
17 .解析: 本题考查主谓一致和时态。由when the earthquake struck可知
要用一般过去时,排除C和D;又因为主语是单数the teacher,所以只有A正
确。
96
97
第4讲 名词性从句 [学习建议:第7、8天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考名词性从句有哪些考点?
答: 名词性从句考点主要分为四种:名词性从句的种类、语序、引导词
和特殊用法。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
98
:名词性从句的种类
Section 1
问: 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句为什么叫名词性从句
呢?
答: 我们都知道,一个单独的名词可以在句子中做主语、表语、宾语和
同位语,当我们用句子来充当这四大成分时,它们就分别叫主语从句、表语从
句、宾语从句、同位语从句。而这四种从句在整个句子里相当于名词的作用,
所以我们把它们又统称为名词性从句。
高考原句成分分析
1.我们所要做的是重建这座桥。
(主语是个句子,所以叫主语从句)
2.办公室没有人知道她为什么如此愤怒。
3.这家医院是我出生的地方。
4.房价将要下跌的消息使得许多人以低价出售他们的房子。
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其中,主语里面有个同位语从句,具体句子成分为
温馨提示: 同位语从句对前面的名词起解释作用。如上句,消息就是
房价将要下降,房价将要下降就是那个消息的内容。
Section 2 :名词性从句的语序与引导词用法
高考考点一: 名词性从句的语序
名词性从句的语序原则: 名词性从句的语序通常为陈述语序。
以上海卷真题为例:
您能告诉我怎么到机场吗?
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高考考点二: 名词性从句的引导词
问: 名词性从句主要有哪些引导词?
答: 名词性从句主要有3大类引导词,具体如下:
第一类 that(不表意义) 在从句中不充当 任何成分
• • •
第二类 whether,if(表“是
否”)
在从句中不充当 任何成分
• • •
wh-词,又细分为以下两
类:
第三类 连接代词:who,whom,
whose,what,which
在从句中充当 成分,如充
•
当主语、宾语、状语等。
•
连接副词:when,where,
why,how
高考考点三: whether与if的特殊用法
whether与if在名词性从句中都表示“是否”的意思。但以下5种情况一般
不用if:
1.if通常不引导表语从句和同位语从句
例:问题是是否值得去尝试。
例:关于他是否加入队伍的问题还没有决定。
The question whether he should join the team has not been decided.
( √)
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(×)
The question if he should join the team has not been decided.
2.if引导主语从句不位于句首
例:我们是否去野营取决于天气的好坏。
例:那取决于我们是否能得到足够的钱。
例:他不知道是现在就结婚还是等等再说。
例:我不知道他是否会来。
( √)
I don't know whether/if he will come or not.
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总结: 在名词性从句中,表“是否”时,多用whether,少用if。
高考考点四: what的特殊用法
问: what除了表“什么”之外,还有什么含义?
答: what除了表“什么”之外,还可以表“……的”,相当于the thing
that…或all that…,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分。
高考原句填空
一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。[北京卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】What
第一步识别考点:由句首填空和regard后缺宾语可初步判断该句考查名
词性从句。
第二步运用技巧:该题空格前没有先行词,故该句不可能是定语从句。
前面的句子成分不完整,仔细分析后发现该名词性从句缺宾语,且前面的句
子在整句中做主语,即为主语从句。
第三步解出答案:再根据句意可知填入what,表“……的”。
高考考点五: wh-ever和however的用法
whoever whosever whichever whenever
高考经典真题
Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales,please?[山东
卷]
A.anyone
B.someone
C.whoever
D.no matter who
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项为引导词、代词以及题干中有多个动词识别该
题考点为名词性从句。
第二步技巧运用:解答名词性从句之王牌技巧就是分析从句是否缺成分
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
,该从句中is前缺主语,那么能不能选A、B?我们进一步分析发现,如果选
A或B,该句就会缺引导词。所以排除A、B。在C和D中,no matter who只能
引导让步状语从句,做状语。而该句是做介词to的宾语,为宾语从句,所以
排除D。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为C。
Section 3 :名词性从句的特殊用法
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高考考点六: it做形式主语和形式宾语
1.通常当主语从句较长,而谓语较短时,我们常将主语从句后置,而用it
作为形式主语,置于句首。由于比较常见,所以我们可以把它们当作句型来记
忆。以下四种句型搭配较为常见:
A.It+ be+形容词+that从句
● It is important that…重要的是……
● It is obvious that…很明显……
● It is necessary that…有必要……
B.It+ be+名词+that从句
● It is a pity that…可惜的是……
● It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
● It is a fact that…事实是……
● It is believed that…人们相信……
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D.It+不及物动词+that从句
● It happens that…碰巧……
● It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
● It appears that…似乎……
温馨提示: 很多人经常把强调句和形式主语句型混淆。it做形式主语和
it引导强调句的区别主要是强调句型去掉it is…that结构后还能还原成一个完
整句。详解见强调句章节。
2.如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语,则用it做形式宾语,将从句后置。
think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等动词后常带宾语+宾语补足语。
例如:
1.他已经明确表明他不会回家的。
2.我认为打开国门,向世界开放是有必要的。
高考考点七: 表语从句的其他特殊引导词
问: 表语从句除了常见的名词性从句的3类引导词外,还有哪些引导词?
106
答: 除了常见的名词性从句的3类引导词外,表语从句的引导词还有as
if/as though,而连词as和because也可以引导表语从句。
经典例句
1.看起来天要下雨了。
2.事情并不总是如其表象那样。
高考原句填空
From space , the earth looks blue . This is ______ about seventy-one
percent of its surface is covered by water.[安徽卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】because
本题主要考查表语从句。根据句意:从太空上看,地球看起来是蓝色
的。这是因为其表面大概71%是被水覆盖的。所以用because。
温馨对比: 地球表面约71%是被水覆盖的,这就是地球看起来是蓝色
的原因。
107
高考考点八: 同位语从句与定语从句在that引导时的区别
问: 常接同位语从句的名词有哪些?
答: 常接同位语从句的名词如下表所示:
高考原句填空
One day,he came up with an idea ______ he would pluck up all of his crop
a few inches.[广东卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】that
本题主要考查同位语从句,此处的“______ he would pluck up all of his
crop a few inches”解释说明an idea的具体内容,且从句中不缺少成分,故为
同位语从句,用that引导。
问: 同位语从句和定语从句的区别?
答: 二者主要区别在于由that引导的同位语从句是个完整句。而that引
导的定语从句是个非完整句。
1.老板同意加薪的消息是真的。
108
上句中that our boss agreed to raise salary为同位语从句,因为该that
从句不缺成分,是个完整句,that是引导词,只是起到了连接作用。our
boss agreed to raise salary是解释说明the news的。
温馨对比:
2.我从电视里听到的这个消息是真的。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.When the news came _______ the war broke out,he decided to serve in
the army.[辽宁卷 ]
4.It is difficult for us to imagine _______ life was like for slaves in the ancient
world.[山东卷 ]
5.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
109
—Yeah , but I have no idea _______ he did it;that's one of his favorite
universities.[重庆卷 ]
7 . Do not let any failures discourage you , for you can never tell _______
close you may be to victory.[湖南卷 ]
8._______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.[江西卷
]
10.It remains to be seen _______ the newly formed committee's policy can be
put into practice.[陕西卷 ]
12.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______
you are better than anyone else on the sports field.[浙江卷 ]
14.We've offered her the job,but I don't know ______ she'll accept it.[山
东卷 ]
15.It is by no means clear _______ the president can do to end the strike.
[全国卷 ]
16 . Experts believe _______ people can waste less food by shopping only
when it is necessary.[北京卷 ]
110
17 . _______ struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his
son.[重庆卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning
goal.[北京卷 ]
A.where
B.when
C.how
D.why
A.whatever
B.whenever
C.wherever
D.however
3.—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
111
A.where
B.how
C.when
D.what
4 . _______ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather .
[陕西卷 ]
A.Why
B.When
C.That
D.What
5.As John Lennon once said,life is _______ happens to you while you are
busy making other plans.[湖南卷 ]
A.which
B.that
C.what
D.where
A.how
B.what
C.that
D.who
A.when
B.how
112
C.why
D.where
8.I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
[天津卷 ]
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.who
9 . “Every time you eat a sweet , drink green tea . ”This is _______ my
mother used to tell me.[浙江卷 ]
A.what
B.how
C.that
D.whether
10.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah , but I have no idea _______ he did it;that's one of his favorite
universities.[重庆卷 ]
A.when
B.why
C.that
D.how
11.When changing lanes,a driver should use his turning signal to let other
drivers know _______.[上海卷 ]
113
C.is he entering which lane
D.which lane is he entering
12 . _______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the
company.[四川卷 ]
A.When
B.How
C.What
D.That
13 . _______ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my
parents.[天津卷 ]
A.That
B.Which
C.Whether
D.What
A.Whether
B.What
C.That
D.How
15 . From space , the earth looks blue . This is _______ about seventy-one
percent of its surface is covered by water.[安徽卷 ]
A.why
B.how
C.because
D.whether
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16.As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose ______
suits you best.[陕西卷 ]
A.whatever
B.whichever
C.whenever
D.wherever
A.why
B.how
C.what
D.which
18.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ______ to read
fast.[辽宁卷 ]
A.what
B.who
C.how
D.why
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.where
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A.what
B.who
C.how
D.why
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 本句意为:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去部队服役。此
处的“______ the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容,且从句中不缺少
成分,故为同位语从句,用that引导,注意本句属于间隔式同位语从句,也就
是同位语从句没有紧跟在the news之后,而是被came隔开了。
3 .解析: 本 题 考 查 “whether” 引 导 主 语 从 句 , 根 据 句 意 可 知 答 案 为
Whether he has been abroad or not。
4 .解析: 本题考查的是宾语从句。动词imagine后面含有一个宾语从句
what life was like for slaves in the ancient world。此处what引导宾语从句,句
意:我们很难想象古代奴隶的生活。
5 .解析: 本题实际上是一个同位语从句,是对名词idea的内容进行的解
释说明。句意:——麦克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取,这是真的吗?——是的,我
不知道他为什么要这样做。耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之一。短语have no idea
后面可以接多种形式的同位语结构,如have no idea where to go等。结合语境可
知此处应填why,表示原因。
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语,故填What。句意:使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富有创造性的想象
力。
7 .解析: 考查宾语从句。动词tell之后为宾语从句,可以看出宾语从句部
分为感叹句转换而来,修饰形容词close应用程度副词how。
9 .解析: 本句考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。what在句中充当引导词,
同时也是动词do的宾语。句意:振作起来!勇气就是去做你不敢去做的事情。
10 .解析: 考查主语从句。题干中it做形式主语,真正的主语为空格后的
主语从句。判断主语从句中不缺少主干成分,再根据句意“有待观察”的事情应
是不确定的事而不是表陈述,即此处不能用表陈述的that,而应填入whether表
“是否”。
11 .解析: 考查宾语从句。动词found后所接为宾语从句,从句中缺少表
物的主语,故填入what。
12 .解析: 考查同位语从句。此处belief后所接的从句对其内容进行解释
说明,故为同位语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,故答案为that。
13 .解析: 根据句意:恐怕他更像是一个空谈家,而不是实干家,这就
是他一事无成的原因。which引导一个非限定性定语从句,该从句中含有一个
表语从句,且从句中不缺少主干成分,根据句意可知此处应填入why,表原
因。
14 .解析: 考查宾语从句。根据句意“我们给她提供了这份工作,但我不
知道她是否会接受”可知此处应填入whether,表“是否”。
15 .解析: 此处it是形式主语,do在句中缺少宾语。判断此处应该是what
引导主语从句,作真正的主语,同时what也作do的宾语。句意:总统采取什么
行动来结束这次罢工还一点都不清楚。
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16 .解析: 考查宾语从句。动词believe之后为宾语从句,从句陈述一个
事实,不缺少成分,故使用that引导。
17 .解析: 考查主语从句。主句谓语是系表结构,was之前为主语从句;
主语从句谓语struck之前缺少主语,所以答案为What,表“……的”。
18 .解析: 根据句意“我希望别人喜欢我和爱我是因为我的内在品质”,
此处应填入what表“……的东西”,what I am inside是指内在的品质。
20 .解析: 结合句意可知,此处考查感叹句充当宾语从句,由what引导
修饰名词,所以答案为what。句意:这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多
么严重的问题。注意此题容易被误以为空格处修饰terrible而填how,但其实此
处中心词是problems。
Section 2
1 .解析: 本题考查名词性从句中的表语从句。句意:对这位足球明星来
说最好的时刻就是他射入制胜球的时候。where表示地点,how表示方式,why
表示原因,而只有when表示的是时间。所以选B。
2 .解析: 本句考查的是“特殊疑问词+ever”引导的主语从句。句意:一
些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。
whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句,whatever既引
导这个主语从句,也在句中做主语。B、C、D三项都属于副词的性质,通常只
能做状语。所以答案选A。
3 .解析: agree是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,所以只能用where做状
语引导表语从句,表示“这就是我不同意的地方”,所以答案为A。
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为最佳答案。
5 .解析: 本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。is后的表语从句中缺
少主语。所以要用what来引导,what在句中做主语。B、D在名词性从句中不
做主语。which在名词性从句中表示“哪一个”,不符合此处句意。句意:正如
约翰·列侬曾经说过的:生活就是当你忙于制定其他计划时,所发生在你身上
的事情。故C正确。
6 .解析: 本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。表语从句通常都是放
在系动词be的后面,说明主语的情况。根据句意:——真乱啊!你总是这么
懒!——我不应该受到责备,妈妈。是你让我成为这样子的。分析句子可知此
处结构不完整。对比四个选项,that在表语从句中不能做成分,how在句中做
状语,who指人,通常做主语。此处表达的是“……的样子”,故B正确。
7 .解析: 本句考查名词性从句中的表语从句。when通常指时间;how指
方式;why表示原因;where指地点。本句中的关键词是the hospital,表示的是
地点。句意:奶奶指着那个医院说:“那就是我出生的地方。”故D正确。
8 .解析: 本题中impresses在从句中做谓语,所以空格处缺主语,而what
可以引导主语从句,又可以在从句中做主语,所以选A。that在名词性从句中
不充当成分;which指特定范围之内的“哪一个”;而who通常指人。
9 .解析: 本题考查名词性从句中的表语从句。系动词is后为表语从句,
根据tell sb.sth.可知表语从句缺宾语。C、D两项在从句中不充当任何成分,
只是引导词而已。how做状语,与题意不相符。what既是这个从句的引导词,
也在从句里充当动词tell的宾语,所以A项正确。
10 .解析: 本题实际上是一个同位语从句,是对名词idea的内容进行的说
明。此处使用why表示原因。句意:——麦克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取,这是真
的吗?——是的,我不知道他为什么要这样做。耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之
一。所以B项正确。
11 .解析: 考查宾语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语,而宾语从句
的语序要用陈述语序,所以答案选B。
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12 .解析: 考查主语从句。此句谓语动词为describes,前面的部分为主语
从句。主语从句中缺少谓语said的宾语,故选用代词what做said的宾语并引导主
语从句,所以答案为C。that在名词性从句中不做成分,只起连接作用;而
when和how为副词,不能做主干成分,均可排除。
13 .解析: 考查名词性从句。整个主句的谓语为is,主语为主语从句,根
据tell sb.sth.可知,主语从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语,指事物,故填入
what,所以答案为D。which意为“哪一个”,that和whether均不做成分,三项都
不符合题意,均可排除。
14 .解析: 主语从句中缺宾语,由what来引导,所以答案选B。句意:一
些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。whether和that引导主语从句时不做成分,
how做状语。
15 .解析: 考 查 表 语 从 句 。 此 处 考 查 表 语 从 句 的 特 殊 句 型 this is
because…,表示“这是因为……”,所以答案为C。句意:地球从太空上看是蓝
色的。这是因为其表面71%是被水覆盖的。
16 .解析: 考查名词性从句。所填引导词在从句中做主语,所以排除C和
D。根据上文中提到的five courses,对比A和B可知B项更贴合题意。
17 .解析: 考查宾语从句,介词in之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do
的宾语,指事物,故填what,所以选C。
18 .解析: 根据句子结构可知,teach后接的宾语成分中缺少表示方式的
连接词,故how正确。此处为“连接词+to do”结构。
19 .解析: 空格在动词discuss的后面,可知此处考查宾语从句,根据句
意“我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里”可知,在宾语从句中缺少地点状
语,因此选D。
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第5讲 定语从句 [学习建议:第9天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考定语从句有哪些考点?
答: 定语从句的考点主要分为四大类:定语从句的类别、定语从句的引
导词、定语从句引导词的区别以及特殊引导词和先行词。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
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Section 1 :定语从句的类别
高考考点一: 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
问: 定语从句有哪几种?有何区别?
答: 定语从句,又名形容词性从句,分为两种,一种叫限定性定语从
句,另一种叫非限定性定语从句。二者最直观的区别就是形式上的区别,非限
定性定语从句前面会有一个“逗号(,)”将定语从句和先行词(即定语从句
所修饰的词)隔开,而限定性定语从句没有逗号隔开。另外,非限定性定语从
句的引导词不能用that。(有的语法书写了多达8种区别,如果感兴趣的话可
以去研究,不过本书就不多做探讨,因为本书主要以高考实用为主。)
高考原句填空
1.小时候Jack在一所乡村学校学习,这所学校是以他祖父命名的。
2.人们不应该做一些不必要打扰他们邻居的事情。
People should not do things that will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily
.[湖南卷]
Section 2 :定语从句的引导词
高考考点二: 定语从句引导词的种类
问: 定语从句的引导词有哪几类?
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答: 定语从句的引导词(有的语法书也叫关系词)主要有两类,一类叫
关系副词,另一类叫关系代词。定语从句的引导词主要有三大作用:1.代替
先行词;2.引导定语从句;3.在定语从句中充当成分。具体作用与功能如下
所示:
A:关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that
先行词 充当主语 充当宾语 充当定语
人 who,that whom,that,/ whose
温馨提示:
1.who有时候还可以在定语从句中代替whom做宾语。
2.关系代词可在定语从句中做表语,但不常见。
3.whom,which和that在定语从句中做宾语时可省略,但在介词后面时不
能省略。
经典例句填空
1.她就是那个想要见你的女孩。
(who/that在定语从句中做wants的主语,代替the girl。)
2.你刚才遇到的那个人是我的一个老朋友。
(whom/that/who在定语从句中做met的宾语,代替the man。)
温馨提示: 定语从句的引导词作宾语时可以省略,所以例2也可以写
成:The man you met just now is my old friend.
3.他改变主意了,这让我非常生气。
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He changed his mind, which made me very angry.
(which在定语从句中做made的主语,代替逗号前的整个句子。)
4.这是一个我们应该牢记的教训。
高考原句填空
A company ______ profits from home markets are declining may seek
opportunities abroad.[山东卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】whose
由第一步识别考点:由题干可识别该题考点为定语从句。
第二步运用技巧:定语从句的王牌技巧就是分析从句所缺的成分 。
• • • • • • • • •
profits from home markets在定语从句中做主语,而are declining做谓语,且
decline是不及物动词,所以无需接宾语。该定语从句不缺主语和宾语。why
引导原因状语,但先行词A company并不表原因,且原因状语也不符合该句
句意。那么,就只剩定语的情况了。
第三步解出答案:代入whose,译为“它的利润”,做profits的定语,符合
句意,由此可得出答案为whose。
B:关系副词:when,where,why
先行词 引导词 充当的成分 可替代为
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时间 when 时间状语 介词+which
温馨提示: 在口语中,引导定语从句的when,where,why可用that替代或
直接省略。
经典例句填空
1.这是我出生的医院。
(where在定语从句中做状语)
(which在定语从句做介词in的宾语)
2.你能告诉我你经常犯错的原因吗?
Can you tell me the reason why you often make mistakes?
问: 定语从句引导词的重难点是什么?
答: 定语从句引导词的重难点就是分析引导词在从句中所充当的成分。
“缺什么,补什么”是解答定语从句的核心技巧。所以先行词是时间、地点、
原因时不一定用关系副词when,where,why。同时,也要注意一些表示抽象概
念的词,比如case,stage,position,state,situation,point等,这些词
的引导词所遵循的原则同样是“缺什么,补什么”。
126
高考原句填空
I am looking forward to the day ______ my daughter can read this book and
know my feelings for her.[湖南卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】when
第一步识别考点:由题干可定位该题考查定语从句。
第二步运用技巧:定语从句的王牌技巧就是分析从句所缺的成分 。本
• • • • • • • • •
题定语从句的主谓宾都有,但缺少状语,先行词是the day,所以使用关系副
词when在句中做时间状语,同时引导这个定语从句。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为when。
高考经典真题
The exact year ______ Angela and her family spent together in China was
2008.[安徽卷]
A.when
B.where
C.why
D.which
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由题干的先行词和选项可知该题考查定语从句。
第二步运用技巧:定语从句的王牌技巧就是分析从句所缺的成分。定语
从句的先行词是the exact year,后面的定语从句Angela and her family spent
together in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语,所以使用关系代词which引导这
127
个定语从句,并在句中做宾语。(本题也印证了先行词是时间时不一定选
when。)
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为D。
Section 3 :定语从句引导词的区别
高考考点三: 定语从句的主要引导词的用法区别
A:which和that的用法区别
问: 定语从句的引导词which和that的用法有什么区别?
答: which和that在定语从句中的区别主要有以下几点:
which既能引导限定性定语从句,又能引导非限定性定语从
句。
1 that通常只能引导限定性定语从句 ,而不能引导非限定性
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
定语从句。
which可用于介词之后,即介词+which(√),但that不
2
可用于介词之后,即介词+that(×)。
3 which不能指人,而that既可以指人,又可以指物。
高考经典真题
We have launched another man-made satellite , ______ is announced in
today's newspaper.[天津卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】which
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第一步识别考点:由题意及空格前的逗号可知该题考查非限定性定语从
句。
第二步运用技巧:由题干中的is announced可知is前面缺主语。由于本题
是非限定性定语从句,不能填that;而先行词是man-made satellite,也不能用
who。
第三步解出答案:由上面的分析可得出答案为which。
a.先行词既有人又有物或出现-thing形式时只能用that
b.先行词前出现最高级,序数词,all,only,very,
只能用that
little,few,much,any,no,every等词时只能用that
的情况
c.句中已有who或which时,为了避免重复,定语从句的引
导词用that
高考原句填空
1.我妈妈对我所做的一切都感到非常骄傲,所以她奖励我去北京旅游
一次。
129
经典例句填空
1.他是我认识的最好的老师。
2.我想要教给我的学生们我所知道的一切。
3.他们正在谈论一些我所不知道的人和事。
They are talking about the persons and things that I don't know .
(that做宾语,也可省略)
4.我们所有人都喜欢吉姆,他友善且乐于助人。
B:who,whom的用法区别
问: 定语从句的引导词who和that的用法区别是什么?
答: 引导词that和who都可以指人,但先行词为one,ones,anyone,
those时多用who来引导。
高考经典真题
Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at
recognizing their own strengths.[湖南卷]
130
A.whom
B.who
C.what
D.which
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由题干的先行词和选项可知该题考查定语从句。
第二步运用技巧:定语从句的王牌技巧就是分析从句所缺的成分 。由
• • • • • • • • •
题干中的系动词are可知前面缺主语。再由先行词those指人,排除which。另
外,whom充当的是宾语,所以也不能选。而what不引导定语从句。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为B。
问: 定语从句的引导词who和whom的用法区别是什么?
答: 二者主要有两大区别。第一,who可以做主语,在非正式的用法(如
口语)中也可以做宾语,但whom只能做宾语。第二,whom可用于介词之后,即
介词+whom(√),但who一般不可用于介词之后,即介词+who(×)。
高考经典真题
American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they
can talk frequently.[上海卷]
第二步运用技巧:定语从句的王牌技巧就是分析从句所缺的成分 。定
• • • • • • • • •
语从句中they can talk是主语和谓语,根据talk with sb.表“和某人交谈”可
知,该句缺“介词+宾语”。
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第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为with whom。
C:whose在定语从句中做定语的用法
whose+名词=the+名词+of whom(某人
用法一 指人
的……)
whose+名词=the+名词+of which(某物
用法二 指物
的……)
高考原句填空
1.我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。
The prize will go to the writer whose story shows the most
imagination.[全国卷] (=the story of whom )
2.她带游客们参观了一个博物馆,该博物馆的建造花了多达三年的时
间。
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高考经典真题
1.我们班有46个学生,其中有一半的人戴眼镜。
Section 4:定语从句的特殊引导词和先行词
高考考点四: as引导定语从句的用法
the same…that和……一样 the same…as和……一样
(表同一个) (表同一类)
so…as像……那样的 such…as像……那样的
(so修饰形容词) (such修饰名词)
和 的区别:
as which
1.as引导定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
2.as常表“正如”之意,如:
as we know(正如我们所知道的)
as is often the case(通常的情况是,情况常常如此)
经典例句填空
1.他就是我们所尊敬的那种诚实的人。
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温馨对比:
他是如此诚实的一个人,我们都很尊敬他。
2.这是我昨天丢失的那本书。(强调同一本)
温馨对比:
这本书和我昨天丢失的那本一样。(强调和我丢的那本很像)
高考原句填空
______ ( 正 如 我 们 所 强 调 的 那 样 , stress ) many times , “serve the
people”is our first policy.[湖北卷]
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经典例句
我不喜欢他说话的方式。
(此部分内容详见主谓一致考点)
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.He's the only student in the class _______(已经被选上 ,select)to take
part in the Model United Nations conference.[湖北卷 ]
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3 . Nick's guest , _______ had heard their conversation , asked why they
should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.[广东卷 ]
4 . For many cities in the world , there is no room to spread out further ,
_______ New York is an example.[四川卷 ]
5.I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,______ my
classmates recommended to me.[湖北卷 ]
6.I am looking forward to the day _______ my daughter can read this book
and know my feelings for her.[湖南卷 ]
7 . A company _______ profits from home markets are declining may seek
opportunities abroad.[山东卷 ]
8.Please send us all the information _______ you have about the candidate for
the position.[陕西卷 ]
9.Gun control is a subject _______ Americans have argued for a long time.
[陕西卷 ]
10.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______
lives were affected.[福建卷 ]
13 . Finally he reached a lonely island _______ was completely cut off from
the outside world.[山东卷 ]
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15 . Maria has written two novels , both of _______ have been made into
television series.[山东卷 ]
16.It's helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves
differently.[福建卷 ]
17.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make
a living.[天津卷 ]
20.That's the new machine _______ parts are too small to be seen.[山东卷
]
21.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
[陕西卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1 . Students should involve themselves in community activities ______ they
can gain experience for growth.[福建卷 ]
A.who
B.when
C.which
D.where
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2.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at
work ______ a good impression is a must.[江苏卷 ]
A.which
B.when
C.as
D.where
3 . Among the many dangers ______ sailors have to face , probably the
greatest of all is fog.[江西卷 ]
A.which
B.what
C.where
D.when
4.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,______ is
quite unexpected.[四川卷 ]
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.it
A.all of which
B.each of which
C.all of them
D.each of them
6.I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade,______ I went up to
rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.[浙江卷 ]
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A.when
B.where
C.which
D.why
7.The exact year ______ Angela and her family spent together in China was
2008.[辽宁卷 ]
A.when
B.where
C.why
D.which
8.We'll reach the sales targets in a month ______ we set at the beginning of
the year.[重庆卷 ]
A.which
B.where
C.when
D.what
9.The man pulled out a gold watch,______ were made of small diamonds.
[陕西卷 ]
10 . Many countries are now setting up national parks ______ animals and
plants can be protected.[北京卷 ]
A.when
B.which
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C.whose
D.where
11.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,______
he remembers starting as early as his childhood.[江苏卷 ]
A.where
B.which
C.what
D.when
12.He may win the competition,______ he is likely to get into the national
team.[辽宁卷 ]
13.______ is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the
doctor arrived.[陕西卷 ]
A.It
B.That
C.What
D.As
14.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they
live.[四川卷 ]
A.what
B.which
C.when
D.where
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15 . We have launched another man-made satellite , ______ is announced in
today's newspaper.[天津卷 ]
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.what
A.what
B.when
C.where
D.which
18.The children,______ had played the whole day long,were worn out.
[浙江卷 ]
A.all of what
B.all of which
C.all of them
D.all of whom
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A.why
B.what
C.that
D.where
A.them
B.that
C.which
D.whom
21 . Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012 , ______
made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.[安徽卷 ]
A.it
B.that
C.what
D.which
22.We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease
than ever before.[浙江卷 ]
A.why
B.when
C.to whom
D.on which
A.which
B.who
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C.where
D.what
24 . That evening , ______ I will tell you more about later , I ended up
working very late.[全国卷 ]
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.when
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
2 .解析: 本 句 考 查 的 是 定 语 从 句 与 固 定 搭 配 , 根 据 固 定 搭 配 attach
importance to 可 知 to 后 缺 宾 语 , 所 以 答 案 为 which ( the ) teachers attach/have
attached,注意该搭配中的介词to被提前了。
3 .解析: 本句考查的是非限定性定语从句,该从句缺主语,先行词指
人,且前面有逗号隔开修饰的时候,使用的关系代词应是who。
4 .解析: 表达“……中的一个”应使用介词of,表示所属关系,所以答案
为of which。句意为:对于世界上许多城市来说,没有可进一步扩展的空间,
纽约就是一个例子。
5 .解析: 本句考查的是非限定性定语从句,从句中缺宾语,所以要使用
的关系代词which。
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6 .解析: 本句考查的是定语从句,先行词是the day,且定语从句中的主
谓宾都完整,所以要使用关系副词when,在从句中做状语。
10 .解析: 考查定语从句。其中those为先行词,定语从句中lives前缺少
定语,故用whose引导。
11 .解析: 考查定语从句。先行词为those,指人;定语从句中缺少主
语,故使用关系代词who。
12 .解析: 考查定语从句引导词as的用法。此处as引导定语从句指代整个
主句的内容,含有“正如”之意,定语从句部分译为“在科学上这是常有的事”。
13 .解析: 考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语,因此使用关系代词;
先行词island指物,故使用关系代词which或that。
14 .解析: 考查定语从句引导词as的用法。此处as引导定语从句指代整个
主句的内容,含有“正如”之意,定语从句部分译为“正如所报道的那样”。
15 .解析: 考查定语从句的引导词,空格前面有of,所以不能用that,此
处应填入which,考查的是介词+which的用法。
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16 .解析: 空格后的定语从句中主谓宾结构完整,且先行词是situation,
可指抽象的地点,关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where。
18 .解析: 本题考查定语从句。空格后面的定语从句的主谓宾结构完
整,且先行词是a point,可看做是抽象的地点,关系词在从句中做状语,所以
填入关系副词where。
20 .解析: 本题考查定语从句的引导词。定语从句的引导词修饰名词
parts,所以答案为whose。
22 .解析: 本题定语从句不缺主谓宾,且先行词interval表时间,所以正
确答案为when。
Section 2
1 .解析: 本 句 考 查 的 是 定 语 从 句 , 定 语 从 句 的 先 行 词 是 community
activities,且定语从句不缺主谓宾,所以排除A和C,再根据先行词得出答案选
D。
2 .解析: 本句考查的是定语从句,定语从句的先行词是work,且定语从
句不缺主谓宾,所以排除A和C,再根据先行词得出答案选D。
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3 .解析: 本 句 考 查 的 是 定 语 从 句 , 定 语 从 句 的 先 行 词 是 the many
dangers,且定语从句缺宾语,所以排除C和D,而B不能引导定语从句,所以得
出答案为A。
4 .解析: 考查非限制性定语从句。本句中应填入关系代词which,指代
前面主句的内容,引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。that不能引导
非限制性定语从句。该定语从句的引导词指代整个主句的内容,所以不用
who。另外,it不能引导定语从句。所以答案只能为B。
5 .解析: 本题考查定语从句,排除C和D,此处先行词是cultures,为可
数名词,故A在定语从句中做主语的时候,谓语动词要使用复数形式,本题定
语从句中的谓语动词uses说明A项是错误的。B中的each做主语,谓语动词使用
单数形式,所以答案为B。
6 .解析: 定语从句I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of
a tree中主谓宾结构完整,所以先排除C。本题先行词是the fifth grade,表时
间,所以使用when来引导这个定语从句。故答案为A。
9 .解析: 先行词watch是物,故定语从句的引导词不可用whom,可排除
A、B两项。由句意可知,空格处可填入whose hands或the hands of which表示所
属关系。故答案为D。
10 .解析: 考查定语从句。定语从句中不缺少主干成分,故使用关系副
词;先行词指地点,故选D。
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11 .解析: 考查定语从句。先行词为passion,定语从句中缺少宾语,所
以答案为B。
12 .解析: 考查定语从句。两分句间无并列连词,故排除B。what不引导
定语从句,所以排除C。此处指代前面主句所描述的情况,不是指人,所以排
除D,故答案只能为A。in which case引导定语从句用于替代并列句中的in this/
that case。
15 .解析: 考查非限定性定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个主句。
句意为:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这个消息在今天的报纸上已经宣布了。
故答案选B。
16 .解析: 考查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词,故不缺宾语,
且先行词为house,指地点,故用关系副词where,所以答案为C。
17.解析: 考查定语从句as表“正如”的用法。所以答案为C。
18.解析: 考查定语从句。先判断此处为定语从句,可排除C,又因为先
行词为children,指人,故答案为D。
19 .解析: 考查定语从句。先行词为race,定语从句中主谓宾结构完整,
故应填入关系副词,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以答案为D。
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21 .解析: 考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面
整个主句的内容,所以答案为D。句意:莫言2012年被授予诺贝尔奖,这使中
国长期以来的梦想之一成为现实。
22 .解析: 考查定语从句。定语从句中的主系表结构完整,且先行词为
an age(时代),所以应填入表时间的关系副词when,故答案为B。
23 .解析: 指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语,所以用
关系代词who引导,故选B。
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第6讲 状语从句 [学习建议:第10、11天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考状语从句有哪些考点?
答: 状语从句有9大考点。我们将其分成三组以便记忆。请看超级记忆导
图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:时间状语从句
Section 1
高考考点一: 时间状语从句
问: 时间状语从句常考的引导词有哪些?
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答: 时间状语从句的引导词有很多,常考的引导词如下表所示:
when/while/as当…… since自从…… until/till直到……
时候
before/after在……之
once一旦…… not…until直到……才
前/之后
the instant =
directly一……就 immediately一……就
instantly一……就
hardly/scarcely…
as soon as一……就 the moment一……就
when一……就
A:when和while
问: when和while表“当……的时候”有什么区别?
答: when和while表“当……的时候”的主要区别是从句中谓语动词的瞬
间性和延续性问题,具体区别如下:
when表“当……的时候”,从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词(如
watch,stay,live等词),也可以是瞬间动词(如come,go等词)。
对比:
while表“当……的时候”,从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。
如:
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温馨讲解: open为瞬间动词,when可以跟瞬间动词,但while不可以。
3.When he is watching TV,I open the door.(√)
温馨讲解: watch为延续性动词,所以由when和while引导都正确。
问: when和while有什么其他的用法?
答: when还可以表“就在那时,突然”;while还可以表“然而,可
是”,含前后对比之意,有点相当于whereas或although。
高考原句填空一
One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away ______(就在
那时)my daughter heard cries for help.[浙江卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】when
第一步识别考点:由题干识别该题考点为状语从句。
第二步技巧运用:状语从句的王牌技巧就是关注上下文的句意逻辑 。
• • • • • • • • • •
本句句意为“一个周五我们正在收拾行李,就在这时我的女儿听到求救的呼
喊。”when可以表示“就在那时,突然”。
第三步解出答案:由以上句意逻辑可知答案为when。
高考原句填空二
我们无法得知为什么一个人会有重要的发现,而另一个人,也很聪明,
但却失败了。
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There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery
______ another man,also intelligent,fails.[新课标卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】while
本题主要考查前后两个句子的逻辑关系,根据句意可知前后两句话为两
种情况的对比,强调比较,所以用while表示“然而,可是”。
B:before和since
句型一 It+ be+一段时间+before…要过多久才……
温馨提示: 句型二的主句和从句的时态以及句意有些复杂,可参看哈工大
赵振才教授写的《英语常见问题解答大词典》中的详细解释,但高考考得
较为简单。
高考原句填空
1.正如所报道的那样,自清华大学建校以来至今已有100年了。
2.很抱歉让你久等了,但是布莱恩还要过一段时间才能回来。[北京
卷]
I'm sorry you've been waiting so long , but it'll still be some time
before Brian gets back.
C :no sooner…than和hardly/scarcely…when
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问: no sooner…than和hardly/scarcely…when句型中前后句的时态有
什么特别之处?
答: 要注意该类句型主句要用过去完成时,从句用过去时。为什么呢?
第一,表明两个动作都发生在过去;第二,表示两个动作一先一后的关系。
句型一
句型二
经典例句
1.我刚回到家,就下起雨来了。(先回家后下雨)
2.我刚上床睡,门铃就响了。(先上床睡后门铃响)
问: 表“一……就”的词各有什么区别?
答: 其他表“一……就……”的引导词包括as soon as,directly,
immediately,the instant(=instantly),the moment。这几个引导词中
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as soon as最常用,其他几个词主要是语气强弱的区别,如the instant语气
最强,immediately次之,等等。这个在徐广联先生主编的《大学英语语法讲
座与测试》中有所提及。
Section 2 :地点状语从句
高考考点二: 地点状语从句
问: 地点状语从句常考的引导词有哪些?
答: 地点状语从句的引导词不多,常考的主要有where(在……地方),
wherever(无论哪里),anywhere(无论哪里)等引导词。
经典例句
1.有志者事竟成。
2.待在原地。
高考原句填空
If you are traveling ______ the customs are really foreign to your own ,
please do as the Romans do.[天津卷]
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A.in which
B.what
C.when
D.where
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项识别该题考点为状语从句。
第二步技巧运用:状语从句的王牌技巧就是关注上下文的句意逻辑 。
• • • • • • • • • •
从句不缺主语和宾语,且what也不引导状语从句,所以what不能选。另外,
最大的干扰项为A,很多人误以为是定语从句缺状语,但仔细一看空格前面
没有先行词。traveling是动词,不可能做先行词。本句句意为“如果你旅行到
习俗和自己国家大不一样的地方,请入乡随俗。”
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为D。
Section 3:原因状语从句
高考考点三: 原因状语从句
问: 原因状语从句有哪些常见的引导词?
答: 常见的原因状语从句的引导词有because,for,as,since和now
that,seeing that,in that等。其中as和since引导的原因状语从句通常表
示对方已知的原因。通常两者可互换,但since较as正式。两者的语气都比
because弱。in that“因为,基于……的理由”,可以和because换用。now
that表“既然”,seeing that表“鉴于,由于”。两者有时可以和since,as
换用。有时换用的情况很复杂,不过高考一般考得不复杂,如果你想要研究的
话,请参看章振邦教授的《新编英语语法教程》一书的深入讲解。
问: because和for有什么其他的用法?
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答: because表示直接的原因,通常用于回答why引出的疑问句,语气最
强,既可位于句中也可位于句首。而for多表推断的理由,常对前面的分句加
以解释,通常不位于句首。
经典例句
1.我没有买那辆车因为我买不起。
2.她一定很诚实,因为每个人都愿意与她交朋友。
Section 4 :目的状语从句
高考考点四: 目的状语从句
问: 目的状语从句有哪些常考的引导词?
答: 常 见 的 目 的 状 语 从 句 的 引 导 词 有 so that , in order that , in
case(以防,以免)等等,且常和情态动词(can,may,might等)连用。
经典例句
1.讲得清楚点,以便他们能明白你的意思。
2.我们坐得靠前点,以便能看得更清楚。
We'll sit nearer to the front in order that we can see better.
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高考原句填空
My parents live in a small village.They always keep candles in the house
______(以防)there is a power out.[重庆卷]
第二步技巧运用:状语从句的王牌技巧就是关注上下文的句意逻辑 。
• • • • • • • • • •
本句句意为:我父母住在一个小村庄里。他们总是在家里存着蜡烛以防停
电。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出答案为in case。
Section 5 :结果状语从句
高考考点五: 结果状语从句
问: 结果状语从句有哪些常考的引导词?
答: 常考的目的状语从句的引导词有so…that和such…that,都表示
“如此……以至于”。
问: so that可引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句,二者如何区分?
答: 一般注意以下两点,第一,从上下文句意的角度来区分。so that引
导目的状语从句意为“为了,以便”,而引导结果状语从句时意为“所以”。
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第二,so that从句中如果有情态动词出现,则通常为目的状语从句,但也有
少数例外情况。
经典例句
1.他很早就去听讲座了,所以他找到了一个好位子。(结果状语从
句)
2.他很早就去听讲座了,目的是为了找到一个好位子。(目的状语从
句)
问: so…that和such…that的区别是什么?
答: 二者主要的区别在于so和such所修饰的词的词性不同。详见以下分
析:
句型一:so+形容词/副词+that从句
句型二:so+形容词/副词+a/an+单数名词+that从句
如:我太困了,以至于眼睛都几乎睁不开了。
句型三:such+ a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句
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=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句
如:他是一位很好的老师,所以我们所有人都敬爱他。
句型四:such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句
句型五:such+形容词+复数可数名词+that从句
温馨提示: 如果such后边的名词前由many,much,few,little等词修饰
时,则不用such,而用so。
如:这是个特别好的消息,他听到之后感到很激动。
杰克犯了太多的错误以至于考试失败了。
Section 6 :让步状语从句
高考考点六: 让步状语从句
问: 让步状语从句有哪些常考的引导词?
答: 让步状语从句的引导词有很多,常考的引导词如下表所示:
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高考原句填空
1.尽管我必须说你确实看起来很眼熟,但我相信我们以前没见过。
[全国卷]
I don't believe we've met before , although I must say you do look
familiar.
2.尽管历史不能改变,但是为了面对未来我们还是要从历史中学会教
训。
温馨提示: 上面的2个例句中,though与although可以互换。
高考原句填空
尽管那个森林公园很远,但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。[北京
卷]
Even though the forest park is far away , a lot of tourists visit it every
year.
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温馨提示: 上面的例句中,Even though可以替换为Even if。
高考原句填空
One can always manage to do more things , no matter ______ full one's
schedule is in life.[辽宁卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】how
第一步识别考点:由空格前的no matter识别该题考点为状语从句。
第二步技巧运用:从句不缺主语和宾语,所以不能填what。又由空格后
为形容词full,只有副词how修饰形容词或副词。
Section 7 :条件状语从句
高考考点七: 条件状语从句
问: 条件状语从句有哪些引导词?
答: 条件状语从句的引导词如下表所示:
if(如果) unless(除非,否则)
常考
as/so long as(只要) in case(如果,假如)
以下引导词多表“假如”之意:
不常考 providing that,provided that,suppose that,supposing that,
on condition that
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注意:
in case在条件状语从句中多表“如果”之意,而在目的状语从句中,表
“以防,以免”。
例:如果约翰来了,请让他等一等。
In case John comes,please tell him to wait.
对比:带上你的伞,以防下雨。
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
高考原句填空
1.如果你在吃药后喝一些开水的话,这种药的效果更明显。[浙江
卷]
The medicine works more effectively if you drink some hot water after
taking it.
2.只要一个人给他人的生命带来价值,那么他的生命就有价值。[江
苏卷]
One's life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others.
3.如果你不能完全投入到工作中,你永远都成功不了。[湖南卷]
You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your
work.
Section 8 :方式状语从句
高考考点八: 方式状语从句
问: 方式状语从句有哪些引导词?
答: 常考的条件状语从句的引导词有as(按照……的方式),as if(好
像),as though(好像),just as…,so…(正如……,……也是)。
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经典例句
1.请按照我说的去做。
2.他走起路来好像喝醉了似的。
He walks as if he is drunk.(可能真的醉了)
温馨对比:
He walks as if he were drunk.(其实没醉)
Section 9 :比较状语从句
高考考点九: 比较状语从句
问: 比较状语从句有哪些引导词?
答: 常考的比较状语从句的引导词如下表所示:
the+比较级,the+比较级(越……,
than(比……更)
越……)
as+原级+as(和……一
not so/as+原级+as(不如……那样)
样)
经典例句
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1.我现在比过去任何时候都快乐。
2.他和他的朋友一样聪明。
3.那件事情不像听起来那么简单。
4.学得越多,知道得越多。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to
watch the football game.[江西卷 ]
3.Leave your key with your neighbor ______ you lock yourself out one day.
[辽宁卷 ]
4.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ______ she could stay home
and raise her family.[浙江卷 ]
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5 . Half an hour later , Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ______ the bus had
dropped her.[重庆卷 ]
6.You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ______ you reach
any decision.[湖南卷 ]
7.She says that she'll have to close the shop ______ business improves.[江
西卷 ]
9 . I have heard a lot of good things about you ______ I came back from
abroad.[陕西卷 ]
13.______ hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down
the amount you eat.[湖南卷 ]
14.If you happen to get lost in the wild,you'd better stay ______ you are and
wait for help.[四川卷 ]
15.I had hardly got to the office ______ my wife phoned me to go back home
at once.[全国卷 ]
16.The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a
safe life.[上海卷 ]
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17.Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon,or ______ it
is convenient to you.[江西卷 ]
18.John thinks it won't be long ______ he is ready for his new job.[陕西卷
]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1 . I don't really like the author , ______ I have to admit his books are very
exciting.[山东卷 ]
A.although
B.unless
C.until
D.once
2 . ______ you start eating in a healthier way , weight control will become
much easier.[天津卷 ]
A.unless
B.Although
C.Before
D.Once
A.unless
B.until
C.although
D.since
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4.In the global economy,a new drug for cancer,______ it is discovered,
will create many economic possibilities around the world.[江苏卷 ]
A.whatever
B.whoever
C.wherever
D.whichever
5 . He was so busy . He cannot afford enough time with his son ______ he
wants to.[四川卷 ]
A.even if
B.as if
C.because
D.before
A.while
B.when
C.where
D.though
7.I don't believe we've met before,______ I must say you do look familiar.
[全国卷 ]
A.therefore
B.although
C.since
D.unless
8.Hot ______ the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired
after the long journey.[陕西卷 ]
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A.although
B.as
C.while
D.however
A.unless
B.until
C.once
D.if
A.Even if
B.As though
C.In case
D.If only
11.______ I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get
an A.[湖南卷 ]
A.While
B.Once
C.If
D.Until
12.A number of high buildings have arisen ______ there was nothing a year
ago but ruins.[山东卷 ]
A.when
B.where
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C.before
D.until
A.as
B.if
C.unless
D.though
14 . It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties
______ it gets more financial support from the European Union.[福建卷 ]
A.if
B.unless
C.because
D.since
15.You can borrow my car ______ you promise not to drive too fast.[江西
卷]
A.unless
B.even if
C.in case
D.as long as
16.It's much easier to make friends ______ you have similar interests.[安
徽卷 ]
A.unless
B.when
C.even though
D.so that
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17.At school,some students are active ______ some are shy,yet they can
be good friends with one another.[四川卷 ]
A.while
B.although
C.so
D.as
18.One's life has value ______ one brings value to the life of others.[江苏
卷]
A.so that
B.no matter how
C.as long as
D.except that
A.In case
B.As if
C.Even though
D.Now that
20.Jack wasn't saying anything,but the teacher smiled at him ______ he had
done something very clever.[湖南卷 ]
A.as if
B.in case
C.while
D.though
21.It was April 29,2011 ______ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked
into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.[福建卷 ]
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A.that
B.when
C.since
D.before
23.To show our respect,we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we
are to shake hands with.[重庆卷 ]
A.whichever
B.whenever
C.whoever
D.wherever
24 . ______ you may have , you should gather your courage to face the
challenge.[上海卷 ]
A.though
B.unless
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C.when
D.because
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 正确答案为when,引导的是一个时间状语从句。句意:当我的
父亲把我叫醒并告诉我看足球赛的时候,那是在半夜。本句容易误认为是强调
句型,实际上the middle of the night不能单独做时间状语,如果在the middle of
the night前面加上介词in,本题就成了强调句型。
2 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为before“在……之前”。句
意:归还我所丢失钱包的那对年轻夫妻在我问他们名字之前就离开了。
5 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为where,引导的是一个地
点状语从句。句意:半小时以后,露西仍然没有在公交车把她放下的地方坐上
出租车。
6 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为before“在……之前”。句
意:在你做任何决定之前,你得学会考虑你的感性和理性。
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8 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为in case“万一,以防”。句
意:放假时,我带上了我的驾照,以防我想租辆车。
9 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为since“自……以来”,因为
since从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。句意:自从我回国以来,我已经
听说了关于你的许多好事。
10 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,句意为:他演讲刚一结束,同学们
就欢呼起来。此处考查了固定句式no sooner…than…。答案为than。
13 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为however“不管怎样,无
论如何”,相当于no matter how。句意:不管你如何努力,如果你不减少食量
是很难减肥的。
14 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为where,引导地点状语。
句意:如果你在野外迷路了,你最好待在原地等待救援。
15 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句。只要辨认出固定句型hardly…when…
“一……就……”,就可以得出答案。句意:我刚到办公室,我的妻子就给我打
电话让我立刻回家。
17 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为whenever“无论何时”,相
当于no matter when。句意:请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午开会,或者在
174
你方便的任何时候。
18 .解析: 本 题 考 查 状 语 从 句 的 固 定 句 型 , 答 案 为 before 。 句 型 为
It(will)be+时间段+before+状语从句,意思是:要过多久才……。
Section 2
1 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据句意可知前后两分句之间存在让
步关系,四个选项中只有A项表示让步。故A正确。句意:虽然我承认这本书
很激动人心,但是我并不喜欢这本书的作者。
2 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据前后两分句之间的逻辑关系可
知,这里是要表示假设关系,故D为正确答案。句意:一旦你开始一种健康的
饮食方式,控制体重就会变得容易得多。
3 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,前后两分句之间存在因果关系,由此
可知D为正确答案。句意:马克需要学习汉语是因为他的公司要在北京开分公
司。此处since表“由于,因为”。
4 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,此处考查-ever引导的让步状语从句。
从句不缺少主谓宾,故排除A、B、D,故答案选C。
6 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据句意,此处是表示放置的地点,
可知C为正确答案。句意:毕业典礼上的每一件物品都准确地放在了他想要放
的地方。
7 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据上下文之间的让步关系可知,B
为正确答案。句意:虽然我必须说你确实看起来很眼熟,但我相信我们以前没
175
见过面。
8 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,句首hot是从句的表语,说明从句有倒
装形式,所以答案为as,因为as引导让步状语从句时,要将从句中的表语、状
语或动词原形提到as之前,故选B。
9 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,此处表示条件,且阐述的是前后不同
的两种情况,可知unless为正确答案。句意:除非被额外标明,书中其余所有
的图片都可以追溯到20世纪50年代。
10 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,此处是让步关系,最佳答案为Even
if,故选A。句意:——看那么多的乌云!——别担心。即使是下雨,我们也
将玩得很开心。
11 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,前后两句之间是让步的关系,据此
逻辑关系可知A为正确答案,while此处表“虽然”之意。句意:虽然我一直觉得
我考试能过关,但我从没想过我能得A(优秀)。
12 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据句意可知这里表示地点,故B为
正确答案。句意:很多高楼矗立起来了,而一年前这些地方只是废墟。
13 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,此处前后为并列关系,可知A为正确
答案,此处as意为“当……的时候”。句意:当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时,
他礼貌地微笑着。
14 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,根据句意可知此处为让步关系,故B
为正确答案。句意:除非得到来自欧盟更多的经济支持,否则希腊政府很难克
服目前的困难。
15 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,此处后面接的是条件从句,可知D为
正确答案。句意:只要你保证不开得太快,你就可以把我的车借走。
16 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,前后不存在让步或因果关系,选项
A、C、D应排除。结合句意可知B为正确答案。句意:当你们兴趣相投时,
(你们)交朋友会更加容易。
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17 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,最佳答案为while“然而,可是”,表
示前后的对比。句意:在学校,一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞,然而他们都
可能彼此成为好朋友。
20 .解析: 根据句意,空格处需要填入表示“好像,仿佛”的词汇。故选
A。句意:杰克什么也没说,但老师向他笑了笑,好像他做了某件非常聪明的
事情一样。
21 .解析: 本题考查的是状语从句,空格处应填入一个连接词,由先行
词是表示时间的April 29,2011可知此处应填入when,故B为正确答案。句意:
2011年4月29日,威廉王子和凯特王妃步入了婚姻的殿堂。注意该句不是强调
句型,因为日期前面没有介词。
22 .解析: 本题考查however+形容词+主谓,故B为正确答案,however
相当于no matter how,意为“无论,不管”。句意:无论沙漠多么干燥,都未必
没有生命。
24 .解析: 本题考查however+形容词+主谓,故C为正确答案,however
相当于no matter how,意为“无论、不管”。句意:无论你有多么严重的问题,
你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战。
25 .解析: 本题考查状语从句。选择引导词时先判断前后的逻辑关系,
此处I'll see him tomorrow是I didn't need to的原因,故该空格处用because表示原
因,所以选D。
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178
第7讲 虚拟语气 [学习建议:第12、13天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考虚拟语气有哪些考点?
答: 虚拟考点主要分为三种:if虚拟、名词性从句的虚拟和特殊词汇的
虚拟。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:if虚拟
Section 1
179
高考考点一: if虚拟表与现在、过去或将来相反
问: 什么叫if虚拟条件句?
答: if虚拟条件句也叫非真实条件句,常见的主要有3种标准形式,详见
以下分析:
A :与现在的事实相反的虚拟条件句
if条件从句 主句
经典例句
1.如果我现在有时间,我就给她打电话了。(可惜我现在没时间)
2.如果我是你,我就会接受这位美女的帮助。(可惜我不是你)
问: if虚拟条件句有什么需要注意的地方?
答: 主要有两点需要注意的地方。第一,在主句中助动词除了可用would
外,也可以用should,could,might。第二,在虚拟语气的从句中,be动词的
过去时态一律用were,通常不用was。
B:与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
if条件从句 主句
一般过去时 would+动词原形
180
高考原句填空
1.如果他当初采纳了我的建议,他就不会丢掉工作。
2.如果我们当初没有做好充分的准备,会议就不会这样成功。
高考原句填空
If Mr.Dewey _______(be)present,he would have offered any possible
assistance to the people there.[湖南卷]
第二步技巧运用:进一步根据题干信息和句意可知,该题考查虚拟语气
中的与过去事实相反的考点,而与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的形式为:if从
句用“had done”,主句使用“would+ have done”。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为had been。
C:与将来的事情相反的虚拟条件句
条件从句 主句
181
一般过去时+将来时间 would+动词原形
were to do
should+动词原形
问: if虚拟条件句与将来相反有什么需要注意的地方?
答: 主要有两点需要注意的地方。第一,从句中加表将来的时间状语是
为了明显区分与现在事实相反的虚拟用法。第二,if从句中常用should表示
“万一”,此时,为了避免重复,主句不再用should。
经典例句
如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。
上面的例句也可以改成如下两种形式:
高考考点二: 错综虚拟条件句
问: 什么叫作错综虚拟条件句?
答: 在虚拟条件句中最标准的情况是主句与从句动作发生的时间一致,
但有时主句与从句动作发生的时间不一致 ,从而导致主句的谓语动词与从句
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
的谓语动词并不符合标准的形式,而需要按照具体的时间发生变化,这种条件
句叫作错综虚拟条件句。
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常考的错综虚拟条件句类型
if从句与现在事实相反(had done ),主句与过去事实相反(would 等
+动词原形 )
如:If I were you,I wouldn't have missed the film last night.如果我是
你,我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。
经典例句
假如你当初接受了我的意见,你现在的情况会更好。
(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反)
温馨对比:
假如你当初接受了我的意见,你那时的情况会更好。
(从句与过去事实相反,主句与过去事实相反)
高考考点三: 虚拟半倒装
问: 什么是虚拟半倒装?
答: 当虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were,should或had这三个助动词时,
可将if省略,再把were,should或had移到从句的句首,变成半倒装。而半倒
装我们前面讲过,它像一个一般疑问句。
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经典例句
1.如果我现在还年轻的话,我会做出一个完全不同的选择。
2.万一赶不上火车,我们就得在车站等上一个小时。
=If we should miss the train,we would have to wait an hour at the
station.
高考经典真题
________ the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.
[天津卷]
A.Did he catch
B.Should he catch
C.Has he caught
D.Had he caught
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:由选项识别该题考点为半倒装虚拟语气。
第二步技巧运用:进一步根据题干和句意可知,该题考虚拟语气中的与
过去事实相反的考点,与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的形式为:if从句用“had
done”,主句使用“would+ have done”,鉴于该题考查的是半倒装虚拟,if从
句变成了半倒装,所以此处还要借助半倒装的技巧——像个一般疑问句。
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第三步解出答案:由以上分析从而得出选D。
高考考点四: 隐含式虚拟
问: 什么是隐含式虚拟?
答 : 隐 含 式 虚 拟 , 也 叫 含 蓄 式 虚 拟 , 是 指 由 but
for/without/or/otherwise/but等引导的句子代替if虚拟从句或主句的相关形
式。
高考原句填空
1.我昨晚本要去参加我堂兄的生日会,但我没空去。
2.没有你的慷慨帮助,我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。
I couldn't have gone through that bitter period without your generous
help.[陕西卷]
= I couldn't have gone through that bitter period if it hadn't been for
your generous help.
Section 2 :名词性从句中的虚拟语气
问: 名词性从句中的虚拟语气是什么形式的?
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答: 名词性从句中的虚拟语气形式相对比较简单,主要用于表“建议、
命令、要求”意义的词引导名词性从句时,从句的谓语动词要用should+动词
原形,且should可以省略。
高考考点五: 宾语从句中的虚拟语气
表“建议、命令、要求、渴望”的动词所引导的宾语从句中,从句的谓语动
词 要 用 should + 动 词 原 形 , 且 should 可 以 省 略 。 常 见 的 该 类 词 有 order ,
suggest , advice , propose , require , demand , request , insist , command ,
recommend,insist,desire等。
经典例句
1.我建议我们早点动身去机场。
2.我要求她尽快过来。
(注意是come,而不是comes。因为省略了should)
3.他坚持要求我们同他一起去。
(注意是go,而不是went。因为省略了should)
问: suggest和insist有什么需要特别注意的地方?
答: 需要特别注意的是当suggest不表“建议”和insist不表“坚持要
求”时,其后的宾语从句不能用should型虚拟,而要用陈述语气。例如:
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1.他苍白的脸 表明 他病了。
His pale face suggested that he was ill.(√ )
高考考点六: 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在 表 “ 建 议 、 命 令 、 要 求 ” 的 名词 ( 如 suggestion , proposal , advice ,
• •
order,requirement,recommendation等词)后面的表语从句和同位语从句中,
从句谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
经典例句
1.我的建议是让更多的人来参加会议。
2.我提了一个建议,下周我们开个会。
高考原句填空
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After circling around the earth for three days,Shenzhou Spaceship received
the demand from the ground that _______ ( 它 着 陆 , land ) as scheduled the
next day.[湖北卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】it(should)land
本题考查的是demand的同位语从句,从句谓语动词要用(should)
land。
高考考点七: 主语从句中的虚拟语气
此类虚拟通常用在以it作形式主语的主语从句中。有时带有“竟然”之意,
详见下表:
三类常见词
suggested,ordered,required,
proposed,demanded,requested,
insisted,desired,urged等动词(其中多
数词表“建议、命令、要求”之意)
It is that从句
important,necessary,natural,
imperative,strange,essential,
urgent,possible,advisable,
desirable,eager,vital等形容词
经典例句
1.真是奇怪,她竟然嫁给了那样一个人。
2.重要的是,你亲自和他谈谈。
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It is important that you talk to him in person.(省略should)
Section 3 :特殊词汇的虚拟
高考考点八: wish接从句时的虚拟
wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿
望。此时,wish可替换成if only(要是……就好了),其宾语从句的谓语动词
形式为:
主句 从句 表义
did 与现在事实相反
would+动词原形 与将来事实相反
温馨提示: wish后的从句与将来相反时,有的语法学者认为从句的谓语动
词还可用should,could或might。但有的语法学者又认为这存在争议。不
过,大部分语法学者认为用would是没有争议的,所以本书使用的是
would。如果诸位读者有兴趣的话,可以参看赵振才教授编写的《英语常见
问题解答大典》一书。
经典例句
我希望和你一样高。(事实上我现在没你高。)
他希望他没讲过那样的话。(事实上他过去说过那样的话。)
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我希望明天下雨。(事实上明天几乎不可能下雨。)
did 与现在事实相反
as if/as
though(好像)
had done 与过去事实相反
would+动词原形 与将来事实相反
温馨提示: 和wish的虚拟用法一样,有的语法学者认为表将来的从句的谓
语动词还可用should,could或might。而有的语法学者又认为这有争议。
经典例句
1.他说起来好像知道有关这件事的所有情况。
2.她现在看起来好像很生气。
温馨对比:
as if,as though用于陈述语气时,表示所说情况可能是事实,很可能是
真的。
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高考原句填空
他当初就好像走进了一所自己买下的学校似的。
经典例句
1.我宁愿/真希望你立刻就动身。
2.我宁愿/真希望你明天来。
3.我宁愿/真希望你当时告诉了我真相。
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I would rather you had told me the truth.(事实上你当时没告诉我
真相。)
孩子们早就该睡觉了。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ______ as well as her.[陕西卷 ]
2.We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.[北京卷 ]
5.______(catch)the morning train,he would not have been late for the
meeting.[天津卷 ]
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6 . They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the
investigation,or they ______(come)to our help.[浙江卷 ]
7 . It was John who broke the window . Why are you talking to me as if I
______(do)it?[重庆卷 ]
11.If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before,he ______
able to speak it much better now.[天津卷 ]
12.Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ______ at the age of
six months old.[浙江卷 ]
16.Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and
energy ______(save).[浙江卷 ]
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17.Bob would have helped us yesterday,but he ______(busy).[安徽
卷]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.______ no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks
to get news from around the world.[福建卷 ]
A.Were there
B.Had there been
C.If there are
D.If there have been
2.—It rained cats and dogs this morning.I'm glad we took an umbrella.
A.hadn't
B.haven't
C.didn't
D.don't
3.If my car _______ more reliable,I would have driven to Lhasa instead of
flying last summer.[陕西卷 ]
A.was
B.had been
C.should be
D.would be
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A.is
B.were
C.has been
D.had been
A.didn't offer
B.wouldn't offer
C.hasn't offered
D.hadn't offered
A.haven't made
B.wouldn't make
C.didn't make
D.hadn't made
7.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she _______
there,she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.[安徽卷 ]
A.lives
B.would live
C.having lived
D.were to live
A.weren't
B.hadn't been
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C.wouldn't be
D.wouldn't have been
A.studied
B.would study
C.had studied
D.was studying
A.followed
B.should follow
C.had followed
D.would follow
11.John went to the hospital alone.If he ______ me about it,I would have
gone with him.[天津卷 ]
A.should tell
B.tells
C.told
D.had told
12.George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I'd rather
he _______ more on its culture.[江苏卷 ]
A.focus
B.focused
C.would focus
D.had focused
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13.If we ______ the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the
meeting.[陕西卷 ]
A.take
B.had taken
C.took
D.have taken
A.was happening
B.happens
C.has happened
D.happened
15.______ fired,your health care and other benefits will not be immediately
cut off.[湖北卷 ]
A.Would you be
B.Should you be
C.Could you be
D.Might you be
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 本题考查的是wish虚拟语气。根据题干中的is可知本句是与现
在事实相反的情况,wish后接的从句应使用过去时,所以答案为danced。
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2 .解析: 本题考查的是if虚拟语气。根据从句的didn't可知本句是与现在
事实相反,if从句中使用了“过去时”,主句使用“would/should/could/might+动
词原形”,故应填would be。句意:如果你没丢地图,我们现在就回到宾馆了。
3 .解析: 本题考查的是if虚拟语气中的与过去事实相反的情况。根据本
句后面主句中的would have offered可知是与过去事实相反,从句中使用过去完
成时,所以正确答案为had been。句意:如果杜威先生在场,他就会向那里的
人提供任何可能的帮助。
5 .解析: 本题考查的是if虚拟语气中的与过去事实相反的情况。根据本
句后面主句中的would not have been late可知是与过去事实相反,那么从句要使
用过去完成时,所以正确答案为If he had caught。当然,本句也可把if省略,变
成半倒装形式Had he caught。句意:如果他赶上了早班火车,他就不会开会迟
到了。
6 .解析: 本句考查的是一个隐含式虚拟条件句,也叫含蓄式虚拟条件
句,句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad。因为前面使用的是were,说明
这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反,所以主句中使用would have come。句意:在
我们进行这项调查的几个月时间里,他们身在国外,要不然他们就会来帮助我
们的。
7 .解析: as if后面的从句有两种情况,如果是事实,则使用陈述语气;
如果表示的并不是事实,则使用虚拟语气。如果是虚拟语气,与现在事实相
反,从句使用一般过去时;与过去事实相反,从句使用过去完成时;与将来事
实相反,从句使用过去将来时。根据前一句中的was和broke可知打破玻璃是过
去发生的事情,所以是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故使用过去完成时had
198
done。句意:打破玻璃的是约翰,为什么你和我说话时好像是我打破了玻璃一
样?
8 .解析: 考查虚拟语气。根据答语“如果这样的话(乔治已经通过驾照
考试),他昨天就驾车来我们大学了”可知本题考查对过去的虚拟。本处If so
相当于If he had passed the driving test,所以主句的空格处应填入would have
driven。
9 .解析: 考查虚拟语气。此处为if虚拟条件句,其主句使用的是should
not have laughed,可知是对过去的虚拟,所以从句用过去完成时had thought。
10 .解析: 考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest,表示建议,其后所接
的名词性从句应用(should+)动词原形的虚拟语气,所以答案为should eat或
eat。
12 .解析: 考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend,表示“建议”,后接
宾语从句时应用(should+)动词原形的虚拟语气,所以答案为should be或
be。
13 .解析: 考查错综虚拟语气。由主句“我们就不可能在这里站着排队
了”可知if从句发生在过去,表“如果我们过去早点订餐的话”,所以要用had
booked。
15 .解析: 本题解题关键在于时间状语yesterday,可知是对过去的虚拟,
前半句是个过去的客观事实“我们在那个小山村迷路”,otherwise引出的后半句
应表示对过去的虚拟,即would have done,所以答案为would have visited。
16 .解析: 本题考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if
的虚拟语气,原形是:If I had known about this computer program,所以此题主
199
句是与过去的事实相反,同时要注意使用被动语态,故答案为would have been
saved。
17 .解析: 本题考查利用虚拟语气反推时态。前句表示对过去的虚拟,
所以整个时间背景发生在过去,而but之后表示过去的客观事实,故用一般过
去时态,答案为was busy。
Section 2
200
8 .解析: 考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为:——孩子们去哪儿了?饭菜都
凉 了 。 —— 我 希 望 他 们 不 要 老 是 迟 到 。 wish 引 出 虚 拟 语 气 , 题 干 中 出 现
always,表现在的或一贯的做法,从句要使用一般过去时,所以答案为A。
9 .解析: 考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不
是文科,现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间,if引导的从句是对
过去的虚拟,因此使用过去完成时。答案为C。
14 .解析: 考查虚拟语气的用法。主句谓语remembers为一般现在时,故
as if从句中用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气,所以答案为D。
15 .解析: 本题考查虚拟语气和倒装。本题考查的是与将来事实相反的
虚拟,答案为B,还原后为If you should be fired。另外,本句中只有前半句为
虚拟语气,后半句没有使用虚拟语气的形式,比较罕见。句意:如果你(将
来)被解雇了,你的医疗保险和其他福利并不会被立即取消。
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202
第8讲 动词的时态和语
态 [学习建议:第14、15天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 英语语法中有多少种时态?高考常考的是哪几种?
答: 英语语法中有多达16种时态,但高考常考的时态是10种,包括不同
的语态形式。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
203
Section 1 :完成时
高考考点一: 现在完成时
问: 现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 现 在 完 成 时 的 主 动 形式 是has/have done ,被 动形式为has/have
been done 。 常 见 的 现 在 完 成 时 的 时 间 状 语 如 下 : for , since , so far ,
ever , just , yet , up to now , in/for/during the last few years ,
already,recently,lately等。现在完成时主要有4大经典用法,介绍如下:
用法1 表示一个动作发生在过去并持续到现在刚刚结束 。
• • • •
用法2 表示一个动作发生在过去并结束,但结果影响现在 。
• • • •
经典例句
1.我刚刚完成作业。
(作业在过去就开始写,写到现在刚刚写完了。)
2.我已经读过这本由世界著名作家写的小说了。
(过去已经看过,现在已了解这本书的内容,或者该书对自己有启
发或影响。)
温馨对比:
I read this novel last month.我上个月读过这本小说。
204
(过去读过这本小说,但不涉及读完后对现在的影响,只强调看过而
已。)
高考原句填空
—Oh no!We're too late.The train _______.(leave)
用法3 表示一个动作发生在过去并持续到现在,可延续到将来 。
• • • • •
经典例句
1.我从事教师的工作已经十年了。
(十年前就从事教师工作,一直持续到现在,在今后可能会继续从
事该工作。)
2.我已经去过两次颐和园了。
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(表示到现在为止,我有去过颐和园的两次经历。)
温馨对比:
他已经去了香港,所以他现在不在这儿。
问: 现在完成时的重点和难点主要是什么?
答: 现在完成时的重点和难点主要是和过去式的区别问题。具体说明如
下:
区别: 现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状况对现在的影响或结
果,强调的是和现在有联系,简而言之就是“利用过去 ,说明现在 ”。而一
• • • • • • • •
般过去时通常只表示动作或状态发生在过去,不强调和现在有联系,简而言
之就是“仅谈过去 ,不关现在 ”。
• • • • • • • •
如:我弄丢了我的手机。
(手机是在过去丢的,对现在的影响是现在还没买新的手机或者别人联
系不到我。)
温馨对比:
我昨天弄丢了我的手机。
(过去式只强调过去我丢了手机的事实,并不关乎对现在的影响。)
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高考原句填空
Shakespeare's play Hamlet ______(make)into at least ten different films
over the past years.[北京卷]
第二步运用技巧:谓语动词的王牌解题技巧在于分析谓语的语态和时态
• • • • • • • • • •
。首先本题应该用被动语态,表示被拍成电影,其次,根据此题时间状语
over the past years推断应使用现在完成时态。
问: 现在完成时的常考句型有哪些?
答: 现在完成时的常考句型如下所示:
It/This is the first/second/…time+ that从句(现在
用法1
完成时)
经典例句
1.这是我第一次来这里。
2.这是我看过的最好的电影。
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高考考点二: 现在完成进行时
问: 现在完成进行时的主动形式是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 现在完成进行时的主动形式是has/have been doing,该时态无被动
形式。主要的用法是表动作发生在过去并一直持续到现在,或可能刚刚结束,
或可能延续到将来。多强调一直在发生或反复发生。
经典例句
1.你一整天都一直在等他吗?
2.在过去的两周,杰克每晚都打电话给我。
Jack has been phoning me every night for the past two weeks.
高考选择真题
—Tony,why are your eyes red?
A.cut
B.was cutting
C.had cut
D.have been cutting
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为谓语动词。
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第二步运用技巧:谓语动词的王牌解题技巧在于分析谓语的语态和时
态。首先本题所有选项均为主动语态,其次,根据句意“为什么你的眼睛那
么红?”可得知,过去的事情对现在造成了影响,而A、B、C三个选项都只
与过去有关,不强调对现在的影响,所以都可排除。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案为D,用现在完成进行时强调
持续性。
问: 现在完成进行时的重点和难点主要是什么?
答: 现在完成进行时的重点和难点主要是和现在完成时的区别问题。具
体说明如下:
区别:
现在完成时:强调动作的完成 和影响 。
• • • •
如:我一直在擦窗户。
(强调从过去到现在一直在擦,可能还没擦完,也可能擦完了。)
温馨对比:
我已经擦了窗户。
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高考考点三: 过去完成时
问: 过去完成时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 过去完成时的主动形式是had done,被动形式为had been done。主
要有两大经典用法,具体介绍如下:
用法1: 两个动作发生在过去的不同时间,为了强调这两个动作发生的
先后关系,我们通常把先发生的动作用过去完成时,后发生的动作用一般过
去时。简而言之,过去完成时表示动作“发生在过去的过去”。常用by the end
of last year/month,when,after等充当时间状语。
如:当我到的时候他已经离开了。
(他先离开而我后到,有着明显的先后关系。)
用法2: 过去完成时表示持续到过去某时之前的动作或状态。
如:公司在去年年底就已经完成了这个项目。
The company had completed the project by the end of last year.
高考原句填空
I found the lecture hard to follow because it ______ ( start ) when I
arrived.[北京卷]
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完成时。
高考考点四: 将来完成时
问: 将来完成时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 将来完成时的主动形式是will have done,被动形式为will have
been done。具体用法如下所示:
用法: 将来完成时表示在将来某时之前或将来另一个动作之前,预计
已经完成的动作或获得的经验。常用“by+将来时间”充当状语,如常用by
the end of this year,by next week/month等。
1.到明天这个时候,你已经到达上海了。
2.我期望到下个星期的这个时候,你就已经改变主意了。
I expect you will have changed your mind by the time next week.
Section 2 :一般时
高考考点一: 一般过去时
问: 一般过去时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 一般过去时的主动形式是did,被动形式为was/were done。具体用
法如下所示:
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用法: 一般过去时的用法比较简单,主要是表示在过去某个时间里所
发生的动作或存在的状态。常用yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other
day等做时间状语。
1.你刚才到哪里去了?
2.我前几天不忙。
高考原句填空
—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?
温馨讲解: 【答案】stayed
本题只是叙述“我”过去在宁夏待了一年,没有强调过去发生的事情对现
在的影响。而且也没有持续到现在,因为“我”已经回来了,所以不需要使用
完成时,答案为一般过去时stayed。
高考考点二: 一般现在时
问: 一般现在时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
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答: 一般现在时的主动形式是do/does,被动形式为am/is/are done。常
见 的 时 间 状 语 有 often , usually , always , sometimes , on Sundays ,
occasionally等。一般现在时主要有4大经典用法,介绍如下:
用法1 表示永恒的真理或客观事实。一般不受时间的限制。
用法2 表示现在的一般特征或状态。
经典例句
1.水滴石穿。
2.西安位于中国西部。
3.你住在我们学校附近吗?
用法3 表示经常性、习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用。
表示说话时的瞬间动作,多用于宣布、演示或体育评论
用法4
时。
经典例句
1.我的妻子经常早上起得很早。
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2.我宣布会议开始。
3.看,现在我把糖放入杯子。
问: 一般现在时的重点和难点主要是什么?
答: 一般现在时的重点和难点主要是3种表将来的用法。具体规则如下所
示:
用法1: 在时间状语从句或真实条件状语从句中,主句用将来时,而从
句通常用一般现在时表将来,可简略记为“主将从现”。
如果你尽全力你一定会获得成功。
我到了那里会马上写信给你。
温馨提示:
常见的时间状语从句引导词:when,before,after,till,once,as soon
as等。
高考原句填空
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Unless extra money ______(find),the theatre will close.[全国卷]
用法2: 用一般现在时表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,此种用法常
与瞬间动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等词连用。
如:火车今晚六点发车。
汽车什么时候开?十分钟后发车。
如:我希望你们明天玩得开心。
我保证今晚把信寄走。
高考考点三: 一般将来时
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问: 一般将来时的主动形式和被动形式分别是什么?有哪些具体用法?
答: 一般将来时的主动形式是will/shall,被动形式为will/shall be
done。常见的时间状语有tomorrow,next year等。除了用will/shall表将来
以外,还有多种形式可以表将来,常考的主要有6种,介绍如下:
表示将来发生的动作或存在
用法1 will/shall+动词原形
的状态
含有“打算、计划、安排”
用法2 be going to+动词原形 之意,表示即将或很有可能
要发生某事
详见一般现在时的重难点中
用法3 一般现在时表示将来
表将来的考点讲解
go,come,start,leave,
用法4 现在进行时表示将来 arrive等词可用进行时表示
按计划即将发生的动作
马上就要发生的动作,后面
用法6 be about to 通常不跟 表将来的时间状
• •
语
如:
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份
报告。
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Iam about to leave when the bell rang.就在我即将要离开的时候门
铃响了。
Section 3 :进行时
问: 进行时的考点有哪些?其主动与被动形式是什么?各有哪些用法?
答: 进行时的考点主要有3类,分别是现在进行时、过去进行时和将来进
行时。具体形式与用法介绍如下:
1.表示现在正在进行的动
主动:am/is/are+ doing
1.现在进行 作或状态
被动:am/is/are+ being
时 2.现在进行时表将来,详
done
见将来时考点
高考原句填空一
Hurry up!Mark and Carl ______(expect)us.[北京卷]
高考原句填空二
They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is
being rebuilt .[四川]
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温馨讲解: 本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据前面主句“他们现在暂时
和父母一起住”可知说明的是目前的情况,用进行时比较合适,house与动词
rebuilt之间为被动关系,故使用现在进行时的被动语态。
表示过去某时正在进行的动
主动:was/were+ doing
2.过去进行 作或状态,常用在while,
被动:was/were+ being
时 when等引导的时间状语从句
done
中
如:昨天这个时候你在干什么?
were you doing
What at this time yesterday?
温馨提示:
1.过去进行时用来描述过去某事发生的背景。此用法通常用在while,
when等引导的时间状语从句中,短暂性的动作用过去时,延续性的动作用
过去进行时。
如:当他们离开车站时,天正下着雨。
was raining
It when they left the station.
2.go,come,start,leave,arrive等词可用过去进行时表示过去将来,
即过去打算在将来要做某事。详见下面的高考原句填空二。
高考原句填空一
—Did you catch what I said?
高考原句填空二
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James has just arrived , but I didn't know he ______ ( come ) until
yesterday.[重庆卷]
表示将来某时正在进行的动
主动:will/shall+ be
3.将来进行 作或状态,或按计划或安排
doing
时 要发生的事,给人一种期待
被动:无
感。
高考原句填空
—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon?
—I'm sorry , but by then I ______ ( fly ) to Beijing . How about five ?
[陕西卷]
问: 进行时的重难点是什么?
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答: 进行时的重难点在于用现在进行时和过去进行时表示语气的委婉。
常和wish,wonder,think,hope等少数动词连用来表达试探性的询问、请
求、建议等,该用法也可用于一般现在时、一般过去时,只是语气委婉的程度
不同。
关于表达委婉语气的用法总结
以下四个例句只存在语气委婉程度的区别,而没有时间上的差异。这四
种形式都表示现在的情形。
如:
语气委婉的程度:过去进行时>现在进行时>一般过去时>一般现在时
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.The twins,who ______(finish)their homework,were allowed to play
badminton on the playground.[安徽卷 ]
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2.—Hi,let's go skating.
—Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ______ (fill )in an application form for a
new job.[北京卷 ]
4 . Sofia looked around at all the faces : she had the impression that she
_____(see)most of the guests before.[浙江卷 ]
6.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in
Nanjing?
7.You'd better write down her phone number before you ______(forget)
it.
8.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we
______(expect).[山东卷 ]
9.They made up their mind that they ______(buy)a new house once Larry
changed jobs.[山东卷 ]
10.During his stay in Xi'an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends
______(recommend).[陕西卷 ]
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12.I felt very tired when I got home,and I ______(go)straight to bed.
[重庆卷 ]
14 . The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers
______(repair)one of the main pipes.[天津卷 ]
21.Around two o'clock every night,Sue will start talking in her dream.It
somewhat ______(bother)us.[湖南卷 ]
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23.— Have you heard about the recent election?
— Sure,it ______(be)the only thing on the news for the last three days.
[湖南卷 ]
25 . I ______ ( come ) to visit you later that day , but I had to phone and
cancel.[江西卷 ]
28 . I didn't think I'd like the movie , but actually it ______ ( be ) pretty
good.[山东卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1 . Since the time humankind started gardening , we ______ to make our
environment more beautiful.[湖南卷 ]
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A.try
B.have been trying
C.are trying
D.will try
2.We won't start the work until all the preparations ______.[天津卷 ]
A.leave
B.had left
C.were leaving
D.have left
A.hadn't acted
B.haven't acted
C.don't act
D.won't act
A.have changed
B.change
C.had changed
D.would change
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6 . During the last three decades , the number of people participating in
physical fitness programs ______ sharply.[浙江卷 ]
A.was increasing
B.has increased
C.had increased
D.will be increasing
7.A Midsummer Night's Dream ______ at the Theatre Royal on 19th June,
and then tours throughout Scotland.[重庆卷 ]
A.opens
B.is opened
C.will open
D.will be opened
8.I'm calling about the apartment you ______ the other day.Could you tell
me more about it?[安徽卷 ]
A.advertised
B.had advertised
C.are advertising
D.will advertise
9.Mum,I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I ______
on Friday.[辽宁卷 ]
A.get paid
B.got paid
C.have paid
D.had been paid
10.By the time you have finished this book,your meal ______ cold.[北
京卷 ]
225
A.gets
B.has got
C.will get
D.is getting
A.had developed
B.was developing
C.would develop
D.developed
12 . The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9
am.[全国卷 ]
A.has told
B.is telling
C.has been telling
D.will have told
A.wouldn't
B.don't
C.didn't
D.won't
14.The three of us ______ around Europe for about a month last summer.
[天津卷 ]
A.travelled
B.have travelled
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C.had travelled
D.travel
15.The letters for the boss ______ on his desk but he didn't read them until
three days later.[天津卷 ]
A.were put
B.was put
C.put
D.has put
16 . I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers
______ before my eyes.[全国卷 ]
A.swim
B.swum
C.swam
D.had swum
A.has shown
B.is showing
C.shows
D.showed
18 . The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers
______.[山东卷 ]
A.will leave
B.are leaving
C.have left
D.were leaving
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19.After Jack had sent some e-mails,he ______ working on his project.
[山东卷 ]
A.had started
B.has started
C.started
D.starts
A.have sorted
B.was sorting
C.am sorting
D.had sorted
A.has come up
B.was coming up
C.had come up
D.would come up
22.Peter had intended to take a job in business,but ______ that plan after the
unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.[浙江卷 ]
A.had abandoned
B.abandoned
C.abandon
D.will abandon
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23.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than
when he ______.[江苏卷 ]
A.has started
B.starts
C.started
D.will start
A.will take
B.took
C.had taken
D.take
25.In order to find the missing child,villagers ______ all they can over the
past five hours.[安徽卷 ]
A.did
B.do
C.had done
D.have been doing
A.is cleaning
B.was cleaning
C.has cleaned
D.had cleaned
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27.Don't worry.The hard work that you do now ______ later in life.[湖
南卷 ]
A.will be repaid
B.was being repaid
C.has been repaid
D.was repaid
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 根据句意可知,这对双胞胎要先完成作业然后才被允许到操场
上打羽毛球。而在描述被允许打羽毛球时使用了一般过去时,所以完成作业应
该使用过去完成时。故答案为had finished。
2 .解析: 根据句意“我现在很忙,我正在填写一份新的工作申请表”可知
本句是在叙述“我”说话时正在进行的动作,所以答案为am filling。
3 .解析: 根据句意“请稍等,我这就帮你查看一下”可知属于将要发生的
事情,所以答案为will check。
4 .解析: 根据句意可知Sofia见过这些客人是在她环顾四周所有人的脸庞
(looked around at all the faces)之前发生的事情,即过去的过去,所以答案为
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过去完成时had seen。
5 .解析: 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,通常使用一般现在时代替
将来时,所以答案为buy。句意:但凡你在购买礼物的时候,都应该从接受者
的角度来考虑问题。
6 .解析: 答语要表达的是媒体做了多种形式的报道,所以后者对青奥会
应该是很了解。本句使用现在完成时表示过去所发生的事情对现在的影响,所
以答案为have covered。
7 .解析: 本题考查的是时态题中的一个常考的用法。在时间状语从句和
条件状语从句中,常常使用一般现在时而不是将来时。本句中的连词before引
导的就是一个时间状语从句,所以使用一般现在时表示将来,故答案为
forget。句意:在你忘记之前最好把他的电话号码写下来。
8 .解析: 本题中“手写邀请函耗费时间”使用了过去时was,而expect是在
手写之前发生的,所以答案为过去完成时had expected。句意:手工写完所有
的邀请函要比我们所预计的更耗时。
9 .解析: 根据语境,这里是表达过去将要发生的事情,所以使用过去将
来时would buy。
10 .解析: 根据句意可知杰里的朋友向他推荐食物是在杰里品尝食物之
前,句中已经使用了tried,所以答案为过去完成时had recommended。
12 .解析: 题干中并列连词and之前的分句时态为一般过去时,可知and
之后的并列分句也应使用一般过去时态,所以答案为went。
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14 .解析: 根据句意“暂时断水了,因为工人正在修一个主管道”可知答
案为现在进行时are repairing。
15 .解析: 根据句意“你认为爸妈会迟到吗?”可知此处应该用一般将来
时,所以答案为will be。
16 .解析: 根据问句中的时间状语yesterday可知昨天的自驾旅行是一次并
不美好的体验,所以答案为过去式had。
17 .解析: 考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动
关系,应使用被动语态,同时,本题所描述的是一般情况,故用一般现在时
态,所以答案为are interviewed。
20 .解析: 考查动词时态。空格在直接引语里,根据男孩的回答“我想成
为一位总统”可知时态为一般将来时态,所以答案为will be。
22 .解析: 考查时态和语态。if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时表将
来,且nothing与do之间为被动关系,所以答案为is done。
24 .解析: 考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据句意及标志词generally可知,
本题描述的为一般情况,故使用一般现在时态,且主语为motivation,所以答
232
案为is。
25 .解析: 考查动词时态。根据but之后的并列句“我不得不打电话取消”
可知,“我那天是打算要去看你的”,用动词come的过去进行时态表过去将来,
所以答案为was coming。
28 .解析: 考查动词时态。根据but前分句中的助动词didn't可知but后的并
列分句的时态为一般过去时态,所以答案为was。
30 .解析: 本题考查将来进行时态,表示在将来的某一时间段正在发生
的动作,所以答案为will be writing。句意:——明天早上我可以用一下你的车
吗?——当然可以。我那时正在家写报告。
31 .解析: 此处考查时态和固定句型:过去进行时+when+一般过去
时 , 意 为 : ( 过 去 ) 正 在 做 某 事 的 时 候 , 突 然 …… 。 所 以 答 案 为 was
watching。
Section 2
1 .解析: since引导的从句常和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。本
句使用现在完成进行时,强调动作的持续性和反复性,所以答案为B。
2 .解析: 通常在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时表将来,不过,也可以
使用现在完成时代替将来时,表示到将来某个时间已经完成的动作,所以答案
为C。句意:直到所有的准备都做好以后,我们才开始工作。
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3 .解析: 考查动词时态。根据so后的并列句“我们前一天晚上就打好包
了”可知,“我们要很早离开”,故使用过去进行时表过去将来的动作,所以答
案为C。
4 .解析: 考查时态。主句使用了一般将来时,if从句应使用一般现在时
表将来,且有now作为现在时的标志词,所以答案为C。
5 .解析: 考查动词时态。根据句意“我第一次见到Bryan时并不喜欢他,
但是我已经改变我的想法了”可知该用现在完成时,强调现在的结果,答案为
A。
7 .解析: 考查动词时态与语态。由并列连词and之后的谓语动词tours的
时态和语态可知本题用一般现在时和主动语态,所以答案为A。
9 .解析: 在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来,且I与pay之间是动宾
关系,所以选A。注意前面用了过去进行时是表示委婉语气。
12 .解析: 现在完成进行时表示过去某一动作从过去开始一直延续到现
在,现在刚刚结束或还在进行。所以答案为C。句意:经理从早上9点开始就一
直在不停地告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。
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13 .解析: 由did和managed可知,对话的内容谈论的是过去的事情,所
以答案为C。句意:——你向索菲娅寻求帮助了吗?——我没有必要向她求
助。我自己就很完美地解决了。
15 .解析: 根据并列连词but后的分句中的助动词didn't可知本题要用一般
过去时,且letter和put之间是被动关系,所以答案为A。
16 .解析: 主句用过去完成进行时,所以后半句要用一般过去时,只有
这样才能具备“过去的过去”的条件。所以答案为C。
17 .解析: 此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话,这里是直接引语,句子的
内容是生活哲理,故用一般现在时,所以答案为C。句意:奶奶过去常常说:
“生活就像在雪中行走,因为每一步都清晰可见。”
18 .解析: 本题答案为D。此处用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这里were
leaving表示(过去)将要离开。句意:听到自己最信任的两个职员要离去,经
理很忧虑。
19 .解析: 前半句的谓语动词用了过去完成时,根据动作发生的先后关
系可知后半句应该用一般过去时,所以答案为C。句意:杰克发了几封电子邮
件之后,开始研究他的项目。
21 .解析: 根据句意:——阿尔文,你要和我们一起去吗?——我想
去,但是发生了点意外。现在完成时可表示过去发生的动作或事情给现在造成
了一定的影响,符合语境,所以答案为C。
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22 .解析: 题干中出现了时间标志词in 2010,且abandon的动作发生在
intend之后,前面用了过去完成时,所以此处应该用一般过去时。答案为B。
23 .解析: 根据句意“总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有”可
知,总统开始上任是过去发生的动作,所以用一般过去时,答案为C。
24 .解析: 根据答语的后半句可知,现在凯文正在等待测试的成绩,参
加测试是发生在过去的一个动作,应该使用一般过去时态。因此,正确答案为
B。
26 解析: 从语境可知打扫沙发的动作已经发生过了,排除A项。本题强调
已经发生的动作对现在产生的影响,所以答案为C。句意:——看,有人已经
打扫了沙发。——嗯,不是我,我没有打扫。
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237
第9讲 非谓语动词 [学习建议:第16、17天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考非谓语动词有哪些考点?
答: 非谓语动词考点主要分为四种:非谓语动词的种类、非谓语动词的
成分、非谓语动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词的一些常考形式。请看超级记
忆导图:
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Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
Section 1 :非谓语动词的种类
问: 为什么有的语法书把非谓语动词分成3种,而有的语法书则分成4
种?
答: 非谓语动词在现代语法中分为3种,分别是不定式to do,doing形式
和-ed分词。这里要特别指出的是,以前的语法中将非谓语动词分为4种,主要
是把doing形式分为动名词doing和-ing分词。而现代语法中已将两者合并为
doing形式(也有语法书称为-ing形式),本书将统称为doing形式。
Section 2 :非谓语动词的成分
非谓语动词可以做多种成分,如主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语、补语
等。具体介绍如下:
高考考点一: 非谓语动词做主语
问: 非谓语动词to do与doing做主语有什么区别?
答: 两者通常可以互换,但是doing更强调和泛指多次的习惯性动作,to
do则倾向于指具体的某次动作。详见以下例句:
经典例句
To see is to believe .=Seeing is believing .眼见为实。
温馨对比:
Playing basketball is my hobby.打篮球是我的爱好。
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此处不可以改成to play basketball,因为爱好属于多次的习惯性动作。
高考经典真题
______ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as
learning to convey your affection and emotions.[湖南卷]
A.Understanding
B.To be understood
C.Being understood
D.Having understood
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别该考点为非谓语动词。
第二步运用技巧:非谓语的王牌解题技巧在于分析非谓语的成分和时态
• • • • • • • • • • •
语态 。本题中is是系动词,系动词前面的主语不完整,所以本题考查的是非
• •
谓语动词做主语的用法。由于此处不存在被动关系,排除B和C。D项是现在
分词的完成式,表示的是已经完成的动作,与句意不相符。A项为动名词,
和后面构成动名词结构可以做主语。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可得出答案选A。本句的主语为
understanding your own needs and styles of communication。
问: 非谓语动词to do做主语时可以换成it形式主语吗?
答: 当不定式做主语时,为了保持句子平衡,往往用it作形式主语,而
把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。这类用法和主语从句中的形式主语相似。例
如:
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高考原句填空
It took years of work ______(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the
water.[全国]
又如:对我们来说,表达自己的观点是很重要的。
高考考点二: 非谓语动词做宾语
常 接 不 定 式 to do 做 宾 语 的 动 词 多 达 上 百 个 , 如 大 家 常 见 的 decide ,
pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,hope,want,offer,
long,fail,expect,wish,happen等词都可接to do做宾语,而常接doing做宾语
的词在高考中并不多,所以此处主要列举常接doing做宾语的动词和动词词
组。
A:常接doing做宾语的动词和动词词组
温馨对比:
allow/consider/permit/forbid/advise doing sth.
高考原句填空
It's quite hot today.Do you feel like ______(go)for a swim?[陕西
卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】going
第一步识别考点:根据题干结构可初步识别该考点为非谓语动词。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为going。
B:既可接doing,又可以接to do做宾语的必考动词
try to do尽力/努力去做某事 try doing尝试去做某事
注:begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue后接不定式和
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动名词意义基本相同(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动名词多指一般或习
惯行为)。
高考原句填空
When you are finished with electric iron,don't forget _____(关掉它).
[湖北卷]
高考经典真题
I remembered ______ the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off
the lights.[安徽卷]
A.locking
B.to lock
C.having locked
D.to have locked
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为非谓语动词。
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第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出A为正确答案。
高考考点三: 非谓语动词做表语
问: doing与-ed分词做表语时有什么主要区别?
答: doing做表语多含有“令人……”之意,主语多为物,而-ed分词做
表语含有“感到……”之意,主语多是人。常考的词如下表所示:
主语通常为物的词 主语通常为人的词
interesting令人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的
delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的
surprising令人惊讶的 surprised感到惊讶的
pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的
高考考点四: 非谓语动词做定语
问: to do,doing形式与-ed分词做定语有什么区别?
答: 不定式to do做定语只能位于所修饰的词之后,常接不定式作定语的
词有chance,opportunity,way,place,time,the+序数词,the only等
词。另外,单个doing形式和-ed分词做定语,常位于所修饰的词之前,而
doing短语和-ed分词短语做定语,常位于所修饰的词之后。
高考原句填空
1.——最后一个到的人付餐费。
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——同意![全国卷]
—Agreed!
2.刚被警察询问的目击者们对于打斗有非常不同的描述。[陕西卷]
The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave very different
descriptions of the fight.(考查-ed分词表被动)
高考考点五: 非谓语动词做宾语补足语
问: 有哪些动词常接sb.+to do结构,使不定式to do做宾语补足语?
答: 常见的接sb.+to do的动词如下表所示:
advise建议 allow允许 cause促使 urge激励
高考原句填空
1.旅客们只被允许随身携带一件行李登机。[天津卷]
Passengers are permitted to carry only one piece of hand luggage onto
the plane.
2.我的导师鼓励我上一个暑假课程来提高我的写作技能。[北京卷]
245
My advisor encouraged me to take a summer course to improve my
writing skills.
问: 当谓语为感官动词时,to do,doing与-ed做宾语补足语有什么区
别?
答: 当句子的谓语动词为感官动词notice,see,look at,watch,
hear,listen to,feel等词(常归纳为“四看二听一感觉”)时,非谓语做
宾语补足语的区别如下:
高考经典真题
When we saw the road ______ with snow,we decided to spend the holiday
at home.[北京卷]
A.block
B.to block
C.blocking
D.blocked
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为非谓语动词。
第二步运用技巧:非谓语的王牌解题技巧在于分析非谓语的成分和时态
语态。由谓语动词saw看出,该题考查“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的情
况。首先排除B,因为感官动词的宾语补足语要省略to。接着再看语态,the
road和block的关系是被动,路是被雪阻塞了,所以也可排除A和C。
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第三步解出答案:能表被动的只有D项,所以答案为D。
高考原句填空
听!你听到有人在喊救命吗?[湖南卷]
高考考点六: 非谓语动词做状语
问: 不定式to do、doing形式和-ed分词可以做哪些状语?
答: 不定式to do通常做3种状语:目的、结果和原因。而-ing形式与-ed
分词常做时间、原因、伴随、条件、让步等多种状语,但一般不做目的状语
• • • • • • • •
。
问: 不定式to do做状语有哪些特别之处?
答: 主要有3个特别之处。第一,to do做结果状语时常与only连用,表
示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果,常构成only to do的形式。第二,to do
做原因状语时常和happy,sorry,glad,surprised等表情感或情绪的词连
用,构成adj.+to do的形式。第三,to do做目的状语时还有in order to
do,so as to do的形式。
高考原句填空
1.因为发现该课程很难,所以她决定转到低一级的水平。[北京卷]
247
Finding the course very difficult , she decided to move to a lower
level.
2.为了使我们免受身体和精神压力的伤害,我们每个人都需要深入的
思考和内心的安宁。[湖南卷]
To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need
deep thought and inner quietness.
高考经典真题
George returned after the war , only ______ that his wife had left him .
[山东卷]
A.to be told
B.telling
C.being told
D.told
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别该考点为非谓语动词。
第二步运用技巧:句意为“乔治战后回到了家,却被告知妻子已经离他
而去。”这里描述的是不好的、事与愿违的结果。根据语法规则要用不定式
的形式。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为A。
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Section 3:非谓语动词的时态、语态
高考考点七: 非谓语动词的时态和语态
A:to do的时态和语态
时态/语态 主动 被动 表义
to have been
完成式 to have done 表完成
done
to have been
完成进行式 / 表完成进行
doing
B:doing的时态和语态
时态/语态 主动 被动 表义
having been
完成式 having done 表完成
done
C :-ed分词的时态和语态
只有一种形式 done 表被动、完成
高考原句填空
由于没有说服我父母,我没能上戏剧学校,而那才是我的兴趣所在。
[湖北卷]
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Not ______ my parents,I failed to go to a drama school,where my interest
lay.(persuade)[湖北卷]
高考经典真题
______ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears
more mature than those of her age.[福建卷]
A.Spending
B.Spent
C.Having spent
D.To spend
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别该考点为非谓语动词。
第二步运用技巧:非谓语的王牌解题技巧在于分析非谓语的成分和时态
语态。由于空格前无主语,所以可断定非谓语的主语和谓语的主语是同一
个,即Linda。接下来可确定Linda是主动在香港度过了一年时间,所以排除
表被动的B选项。最后再分析谓语动词appears和非谓语的先后顺序可知,先
经历交换生的生活后才有现在的成熟。由此可知非谓语发生在谓语appears之
前,表已经完成。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析得出,只有C为正确答案。
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高考原句填空
昨天晚上有数百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。[北京卷]
高考经典真题
His lecture ______,a lively question-and-answer session followed.[江
苏卷]
A.being given
B.having given
C.to be given
D.having been given
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别该考点为非谓语动词。
第二步运用技巧:非谓语的王牌解题技巧在于分析非谓语的成分和时态
语态。本题的逗号前后之间缺少连词,所以逗号前面的不能是句子,只能是
一个独立主格结构。空格前有名词lecture,这说明非谓语有自己独立的主
语,且his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系,所以排除B项。根据句意并
结合逻辑关系,此处应该是先演讲后提问。而A表示一边演讲一边提问,C
表示先提问再演讲,两者在逻辑上不通,都应排除。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析可知答案为D。
251
高考原句填空
He is thought ______(act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to
blame for losing the job.[江西卷]
高考考点八: 非谓语动词的否定形式
非谓语动词的否定形式为:not+非谓语动词。
高考原句对比
不知道该去上哪一所大学,所以这个女孩去寻问她老师的意见。[四川
卷]
Not knowing which university to attend , the girl asked her teacher for
advice.(√)
温馨对比:
Knowing not which university to attend , the girl asked her teacher for
advice.(×)
Section 4 :非谓语动词的一些常考形式
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高考考点九: 非谓语动词的一些常考形式
A:一些常考的表达
have difficulty/trouble(in)
5 做某事有困难
doing sth.
高考原句填空
克莱尔在飞机起飞前一小时让她的行李接受了安检。[陕西卷]
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在开车进城之前,你要先将你的车洗了。[四川卷]
Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car washed .
当你刷牙的时候不要让水一直流着。[天津卷]
Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
B:常见的主动表被动的句型
need/require/want(需要 )doing=need/require/want to be
1
done
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done
C:有关used的一些用法
过去常常做某事(但如今已
1 used to do sth.
不做了)
经典例句
1.He used to get up early in the morning.他以前早上都起得很早。
D:too…to…结构
不定式的特殊结构too…to…
too…to… 太……以至于不……
温馨提示:
当too前面有only,all,but时,意为“非常”,相当于very。如:
254
E:表“除了”的but,except,besides
表“除了”的but,except,besides这三个介词前面有实义动词do时,介词
后面的不定式要省略to。简而言之就是“前有do,后省to”。但是如果前面没
有实义动词do时,必须要跟带to的不定式。
经典对比:
1.除了等,我们能做什么?
2.我们除了等,没有其他选择。
温馨提示: 表“不得不做某事”的句型:
①cannot(can't)but do sth.;②cannot(can't)choose but do sth.;
③cannot(can't)help but do sth.
高考原句填空
If he takes on this work , he will have no choice but ______ ( meet ) an
even greater challenge.[陕西卷]
255
F :常考非谓语固定搭配
固定搭配 非谓语用法
be tired of tired of
be dressed in dressed in
be lost in lost in
高考原句填空
_______ for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in
low spirits.[福建卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】Blamed
考查be blamed for“因为……而受责备”,变成非谓语则为blamed for。
温馨对比:
Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy,saying that he was
not the one to blame .[安徽卷]
256
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1 . Toady there are more airplanes _____ ( carry ) more people than ever
before in the skies.[全国卷 ]
2 . It's standard practice for a company like this one ______ ( employ ) a
security officer.[山东卷 ]
10.Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only
______(find)it didn't fit.[天津卷 ]
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11.It's important for the figures ______(update)regularly.[北京卷 ]
20.Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was
a pile of mail ______(wait)for her.[辽宁卷 ]
21 . ______ ( eat ) at the cafeteria before , Tina didn't want to eat there
again.[山东卷 ]
22 . Let those in need ______ ( understand ) that we will go all out to help
them.[陕西卷 ]
258
23 .The airport ______ ( complete)next year will help promote tourism in
this area.[四川卷 ]
25 . I stopped the car ______ ( take ) a short break as I was feeling tired .
[山东卷 ]
28.______(hear)how others react to the book you have just read creates an
added pleasure.[浙江卷 ]
259
35.The party will be held in the garden,weather ______(permit)[全国
卷 ].
38 . ______ ( lose ) in the mountains for a week , the two students were
finally saved by the local police.[江苏卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.— I hope to take the computer course.
A.writing
B.to write
C.written
D.being written
3.For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the
phone are important in staying ______.[福建卷 ]
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A.connected
B.connecting
C.to connect
D.to be connected
4.There is a note pinned to the door ______ when the shop will open again.
[山东卷 ]
A.saying
B.says
C.said
D.having said
A.To found
B.Founding
C.Founded
D.Having founded
6 . Anyone , once ______ positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive free
medical treatment from our government.[福建卷 ]
A.to be tested
B.being tested
C.tested
D.to test
7 . If ______ to look after luggage for someone else , inform the police at
once.[江西卷 ]
A.asked
B.to ask
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C.asking
D.having asked
A.standing
B.to stand
C.stands
D.stood
9 . I got to the office earlier that day , _______ the 7:30 train from
Paddington.[全国卷 ]
A.caught
B.to have caught
C.to catch
D.having caught
10.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the
police ______.[全国卷 ]
A.not to do
B.not to
C.not do
D.do not
11.Having finished her project,she was invited by the school ______ to the
new students.[江西卷 ]
A.speaking
B.having spoken
C.to speak
D.to have spoken
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12.We've had a good start,but next,more work needs ______ to achieve
the final success.[湖南卷 ]
A.being done
B.do
C.to be done
D.to do
13.Before you quit your job,______ how your family would feel about your
decision.[重庆卷 ]
A.consider
B.considering
C.to consider
D.considered
15 . I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its
breakfast.[四川卷 ]
A.to wind
B.wind
C.winding
D.wound
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A.tired,boring
B.tiring,bored
C.tired,bored
D.tiring,boring
17 .______ in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New
iPad.[陕西卷 ]
A.Standing
B.To stand
C.Stood
D.Stand
A.corrects
B.correct
C.to correct
D.correcting
A.Use
B.Using
C.Used
D.To use
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21 . ______ into use in April 2000 , the hotline was meant for residents
reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.[上海卷 ]
A.Put
B.Putting
C.Having put
D.Being put
A.providing
B.provided
C.having provided
D.provide
23 . China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to
prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______ in the South China Sea.[福建卷 ]
A.attacking
B.having attacked
C.being attacked
D.having been attacked
24.Pressed from his parents,and ______ that he has wasted too much time,
the boy is determined to stop playing video games.[福建卷 ]
A.realizing
B.realized
C.to realize
D.being realized
25 . No matter how bright a talker you are , there are times when it's better
_____ silent.[浙江卷 ]
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A.remain
B.be remaining
C.having remained
D.to remain
A.Based
B.Basing
C.Base
D.To base
27 . More highways have been built in China , ______ it much easier for
people to travel from one place to another.[陕西卷 ]
A.making
B.made
C.to make
D.having made
A.expressing
B.expressed
C.to express
D.to be expressed
—No problem.[福建卷 ]
A.seat
B.sit
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C.seated
D.sat
30.Please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.[山
东卷 ]
A.to seat
B.to be seated
C.seating
D.seated
A.lost
B.losing
C.to lose
D.have lost
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 本题考查的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语的用法。动词carry与
前面的名词airplanes构成逻辑上的主动关系,所以空格处可填入carrying或
267
which carry,在句中做airplanes的定语。
2 .解析: 本题考查的是不定式的复合结构的用法。it做形式主语,答案
为to employ。又如:It is easy for you to pass the exam.句意:对于像这样的公
司来说,雇用保安是标准做法。
3 .解析: 本题考查的是过去分词表被动的用法。根据句意,亨利等待着
获得晋升的机会,可知此处是被动关系,get promoted表示“获得晋升,得到提
拔”。所以答案为promoted。
4 .解析: 本题考查的是不定式做目的状语以及固定搭配。在非谓语动词
中通常只有不定式才可以表示目的,做目的状语,可知答案为To work。
5 .解析: 本题考查的是非谓语动词的语态和时态。根据still可知很多问
题还没有得到解决,都是未来要解决的事情,所以应使用不定式。而这些问题
又是要被解决的,所以使用不定式的被动语态,答案为to be solved。
6 .解析: 介词without的后面常接doing形式,所以本句中的介词后面接动
名词。再根据句意可知是他买东西时不被认出,所以要用被动语态,故答案为
being recognized。句意:这位电影明星戴着太阳镜,因此他可以去买东西而不
被认出。
7 .解析: 本题考查的是非谓语动词做状语。根据句意可知前面分句中隐
含的主语是I,主语I和后面的动词之间构成主谓关系,所以使用现在分词做状
语,表示该动作与前面分句中的lying同时发生。故答案为staring。句意:没有
什么比躺在草地中央看着夜晚的天空更让人快乐的了。
8 .解析: 本题考查的是分词做状语的用法。句子主语we与动词spend构
成逻辑上的主谓关系,而且本句中spend nearly all our money发生在谓语couldn't
afford之前,所以答案为现在分词的完成式Having spent。句意:我们几乎把所
有的钱都花完了,没有钱住宾馆了。
9 .解析: 此题考查非谓语动词的用法。本句中是“感官动词+宾语+宾
补”的结构,develop与宾语products之间为被动关系,所以答案为developed。
268
10 .解析: 本题考查的是不定式做结果状语的用法,在非谓语动词中,
不定式常常和only连用,表示意料之外或不幸的结果,所以答案为to find。句
意:她急急忙忙地把裙子从包裹中拿出来试穿,却发现裙子不合适。
12 .解析: 本题考查的是非谓语动词中分词做定语的用法。本句中的动
词return与前面的主语cameras构成逻辑上的动宾关系,所以答案为returned。句
意:这位生产商经常过来收集因为质量问题被退还至我们商店的相机。
14 .解析: 本题考查非谓语做伴随状语的用法。本句中mother和tell为主
谓关系,且sit和tell同时进行,所以答案为telling。
17 .解析: 此处填入的词做后置定语,修饰前面的名词opinion,且offer
与opinion构成逻辑上的动宾关系,所以正确答案为offered。句意:除非该建议
是基于事实的,否则你不能接受别人给你提出的建议。
269
20 .解析: 本题中mail和wait之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且表正在进行,
所以答案为waiting。
21 .解析: 由句中的again可知,蒂娜已经在这家自助餐馆吃过饭,再根
据句中的before可知,空格中这个动作发生在didn't want之前,蒂娜与eat是主动
关系,故用现在分词的完成式Having eaten。句意:蒂娜以前在这家自助餐馆
吃过饭,她不想再在那里吃了。
22 .解析: 此处是“使役动词let+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾补常用省
略to的动词不定式,所以答案为understand。句意:让那些有困难的人明白我们
将倾我们所能帮助他们。
26 .解析: 本题考查动名词doing作主语的用法。本句缺少主语,答案为
Knowing。句意:懂得一些基本的急救技巧将有助于你快速应对紧急情况。
28 .解析: 本题考查考查动名词doing作主语。根据句子结构可知,此处
谓语creates前面的主语应该是“_____ how others react to the book you have just
read”,主语不完整,根据句意可知应填入Hearing。
29 .解析: 分析句子结构可知,空白处为后置定语,与被修饰的名词在
逻辑上是动宾关系,而且是将要发生的动作,即此处的非谓语要表示被动和将
270
来,故正确答案为to be made。
31 .解析: 本题中Tony和hope在逻辑上是主谓关系,且lent和hope两个动
作是同时进行的,后者表伴随,所以答案为hoping。
32 .解析: 本题考查不定式做目的状语的用法。根据句意不难得出答案
为to stay。句意:鸟的鸣唱有时是让其他的鸟远离的警告。
33 .解析: 本题中he和leave在逻辑上是主谓关系,且leave和谓语hurried
的动作是同时进行的,后者表伴随,所以答案为leaving。
34 .解析: 本题中film和compare之间是被动关系,所以答案为compared
to/with。句意:电影的历史短得多,尤其是和诸如音乐与绘画这样的艺术形式
相比时。
35 .解析: 本题中主句的主语party和后半句中的weather不一致,所以
weather才是permit的逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。另外,weather与permit之
间是主动关系,所以答案为permitting。句意:如果天气允许,聚会将在花园举
行。
36 .解析: 注意此处remain相当于一个系动词,后面应接seated做表语,
此处seated已经形容词化,失去了被动含义,又如口语中常用Be seated(请
坐)。
38 .解析: 考查非谓语动词做状语的用法。答案为Lost,此处表示“迷
路”。句意:在山林里迷路一周之后,这两位学生终于被当地警方解救出来。
Section 2
271
1 .解析: 考查非谓语动词中的不定式做目的状语的用法。此处无须使用
进行时,所以答案为A。句意:——我希望参加这个电脑课程。——好主意。
要想得到更多相关信息,请访问这个网站。
2 .解析: 本句考查的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。句中动词write与the
book构成逻辑上的动宾关系,而且是先写完再激励学生们,只有过去分词
written符合此处用法。所以答案为C。
3 .解析: 此处stay为系动词,系动词后面经常接由过去分词转化的形容
词,本句中的stay connected意为“保持联系”,答案为A。句意:对于那些家人
在远方的人,个人电脑和手机在和家人保持联系方面是很重要的。
4 .解析: 本句考查的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语的用法。名词note与
动词say之间构成主动关系,所以使用现在分词短语作后置定语,此处saying相
当于定语从句which says。答案为A。D项是现在分词的完成式,表示已经完成
的动作,但此处缺乏相应的语境。句意:门上别着一张纸条,(上面)写着商
店再次开门的时间。
6 .解析: 不定式作状语通常用于表目的和意外结果,其他状语一般由分
词充当。根据句意,此处应为条件状语或时间状语,可先排除A和D,因为不
定式通常不做时间状语或条件状语。being tested表示一个正在发生的被动动
作,不符合句意。本题答案为C。句意:任何人一旦被检查出H7N9流感病毒呈
阳性,都将接受政府的免费治疗。
7 .解析: 主句为祈使句,省略了主语you,根据语境可知,you与ask之间
为被动关系,故答案为A。句意:如果被要求为他人照看包裹,立即通知警
察。
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8 .解析: 句中已经有谓语is,本处应填入非谓语。bookshelf与stand是主
动的关系,故用现在分词,所以答案为A。句意:除了一个书架立在墙角,这
间屋子空空的。
9 .解析: 此句考查分词作原因状语。注意此处动作的先后顺序,先赶上
了7点半的早班火车然后才提前到办公室,故应使用现在分词的完成式,且此
处前后有因果关系,不能使用不定式,所以答案只能为D。句意:因为赶上了
七点半从帕丁顿始发的火车,所以那天我到办公室比较早。
10 .解析: 根据句意可知,警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。“要求某人
做某事”用ask sb.to do sth.;“要求某人别做某事”用ask sb.not to do sth.,
而被动形式应为sb.be asked not to(do sth.),为避免重复,可省略后面的
成分。故答案为B。句意:司机想把车停在路边,但警察要求他不要这样做。
12 .解析: 因为work与do之间为被动关系,而need后表被动是用-ing的主
动形式表被动含义,或用不定式的被动形式,故选C。注意need to be done相当
于need doing。
13 .解析: 本句逗号前为时间状语从句,后面实际上是一个祈使句,缺
少谓语。由此可知,应填入谓语成分,而排除非谓语选项,所以答案为A。
14 .解析: 根据句意可知前半句为原因状语,空白处与句子的主语在逻
辑上是被动关系,由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C,又因空格处的动作发生
在missed之前,应用完成时态,所以答案为A。
15 .解析: 本题考查非谓语动词中现在分词作宾语补足语的用法。宾语
snake和动作wind之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行,故选C。
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17 .解析: 考查非谓语动词做状语。逻辑主语是句子的主语we,非谓语
动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,且其动作与谓语动词wait同时进行,表伴
随,所以答案为A。
18 .解析: 考查不定式做目的状语和“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
此处要表达的意思是“使她自己被听到”,表被动,宾语补足语应该用过去分
词,所以答案为D。
19 .解析: 考查非谓语的并列结构,填入的成分应和making并列,所以
答案为D。
20 .解析: 考查非谓语动词的语态。tin和use之间是被动关系,所以答案
为C。
22 .解析: 此处动词provide与envelope之间是被动关系,在句中作后置定
语,相当于which is provided,所以答案为B。句意:填完并签名后,请把表格
放入我们提供的信封内送回。
24 .解析: 本题的设计很巧妙,boy与press之间是被动关系,但boy与
realize之间是主动关系,应使用现在分词形式,故答案为A。意为:受到父母
的压力后,男孩意识到自己浪费了太多时间,于是他决定停止玩电子游戏。注
意:不定式做原因状语时一般要和表情感和心理状态的形容词连用,而本句空
格前并没有出现此类词语,所以应排除C。
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26 .解析: 考查非谓语和base…on的固定搭配。分析句子结构可知前面应
该是一个非谓语结构,且动词base与逻辑主语you之间为主动关系,所以答案
为B。
27 .解析: 空格后面是形式宾语it,说明此处是主动关系,从句子结构来
看,逗号后面的部分做伴随状语,所以答案为A。句意:中国修建了更多的高
速公路,使得人们能更方便地从一个地方旅行去另外一个地方。
29 .解析: 本题中已经有hear做谓语,所以先排除谓语动词选项A和B。
注意此处seated已经形容词化,seated at the back of the classroom做后置定语修
饰those,所以答案为C。
30 .解析: 本题要注意remain相当于一个系动词,后面接seated做表语,
seated已经形容词化,所以答案为D。
31 .解析: 考查非谓语动词。lost为过去分词转化来的形容词,作things
的后置定语,相当于一个定语从句that are lost。things lost意为“失去的东西”,
所以答案为A。
32 .解析: 考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语以及感官动词的用法。根据题干
中的watching TV,可以推断该句主语为人,排除A、B两项。又因为hear是感
官动词,其后要使用动词原形做宾语补足语,也排除D,所以答案为C。句
意:正在看电视的时候,我们听到门铃响了。
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276
第10讲 情态动词 [学习建议:第18天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考情态动词有哪些考点?
答: 情态动词考点主要分为三类:情态动词的虚拟、情态动词的推测、
情态动词的其他用法。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:情态动词的虚拟
Section 1
问: 情态动词的虚拟语气的常考点主要有哪些?
277
答: 情态动词的虚拟考点主要考查“情态动词+have done”,表示与过
去的事实相反。
高考考点一: 情态动词与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
should(not)have done 过去本(不)应该做某事
温馨提示: 1.以上句型都表示时间发生在过去。
2.以上句型都表示与过去事实相反。
3.should也可以改成ought to,其否定形式为ought not to。
高考原句填空
1.我们本可以一起面对困难的,但你为什么不告诉我呢?
We could have faced the difficulty together , but why didn't you tell
me?[北京卷]
2.他们本应该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。
They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
[全国卷]
高考经典真题
278
We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we ______ more places of
interest yesterday.[福建卷]
A.visited
B.had visited
C.would visit
D.would have visited
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别该考点为情态动词的虚拟语
气。
第二步运用技巧:情态动词的虚拟语气的判定技巧主要是看是否与过去
的事实相反。有前半句的lost可知该句正好与过去事实相反。
第三步解出答案:由与过去事实相反“本要去参观更多地方的”得知答案
为D。
Section 2 :情态动词的推测
高考考点二: 情态动词表推测
问: 什么是情态动词的推测性用法?情态动词表推测时有什么难点?
答: 所谓情态动词的推测就是指对所描述的行为或对象不是百分百确
定,就像汉语里经常说的“也许、大概、可能”等意思。但要注意情态动词中
must表“一定”也是推测。这点可能和汉语有些不同。另外,从推测的语气强
弱来看,肯定句中might<may<must,而在否定句或疑问句中could<can。但
在某些特殊情况下,may和might也有用于否定句表推测的情况,can和could也
有用于肯定句表推测的情况,所以用法较为复杂,这也是情态动词的难点所
在。
279
用法A:对某人、某物或某事的状态推测:情态动词+be+形容词或名词、
情态动词+do。
高考原句填空
1.“你一定打错电话了,”她说道,“这儿没有那个姓名的人。”
2.不可能是邮递员在门口,现在才六点钟。
用法B:对正在进行的动作的推测:情态动词+现在进行时。
高考原句填空
1.他也许正在做作业。
2.他现在不可能正在打篮球。
用法C:对过去已经发生的动作的推测:情态动词+现在完成时。
高考原句填空
280
1.——我找不到我的钱包了。
——你可能在购物的时候弄丢了。
2.她不可能离开了学校,因为她的自行车还在这儿呢。
高考经典真题
My book,The House of Hales ,is missing.Who ______ have taken it?
[陕西卷]
A.need
B.must
C.should
D.could
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为情态动词。
第二步运用技巧:由题干中的have taken可知本题考查的是“情态动词+
have done”的用法。该结构既可以表示虚拟,也可以表示对过去情况的推
测。need have done表虚拟指“本有必要做某事,实际上却未做”;must have
done表推测指“一定做了某事”;should have done表虚拟指“本应该做某事,
实际上却未做”;could have done表虚拟指“本可以做某事,实际上却未做”,
也可以在疑问句中表推测“可能做了某事”。
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第三步解出答案:根据本题句意“可能是谁拿走了我的书呢?”得知应该
表推测。所以答案只能在B和D中,而must表推测用于肯定句,所以排除B。
最后得出答案为D。
Section 3 :情态动词的其他用法
高考考点三: 情态动词的一般性用法与特殊性用法
高考原句填空
1.______ I have a word with you?It won't take long.[北京卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】Can/Could
本题考查情态动词的基本用法。根据句意可知本题是要询问对方是否允
许 自 己 做 某 事 , 故 可 使 用 句 型 Can/Could I… ? 又 如 : Can I use your
dictionary?我可以使用你的词典吗?
温馨讲解: 【答案】can
本题考查的是情态动词can表“一时之可能性”的特殊用法。can在表示这
种用法时,常与sometimes,at times等连用。
高考经典真题
I ______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were
away from home.[陕西卷]
A.won't
B.can't
C.can
D.will
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为情态动词。
第二步运用技巧:本题的解题关键是根据句意来解答。本句句意为“我
非常感谢当我们不在家的时候你对我儿子的帮助。”
第三步解出答案:能表达上述句意的选项只有B,固定结构can't…too…
表“再……都不为过”。这里表“再怎么感谢也不为过,感激不尽”,所以可译
为“非常感谢”。
B:may/might用法
may/might not表“禁止”或“可能
may/might表许可
不”
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与其……不如……(might比may语气更委婉)
经典例句填空
1.我可以在这儿抽烟吗?不,你不可以。
3.他大可以为他自己的成功而骄傲。
C:must用法
高考原句填空
1.——我要现在就通知他计划有变吗?
——恐怕你必须这样做,以防他开会迟到。
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—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
2.约翰,看看时间,你非得要这么晚的时候弹钢琴吗?
John,look at the time.Must you play the piano at such a late hour?
[全国卷]
D:shall/should
shall在问句中征求对方意见 通常用于第一人称Shall I…?
shall表命令、允许、警告、许诺等 通常用于第二、三人称
should(应该) 用于征求意见,或表义务或责任
should(竟然) 表意外、惊讶之意
高考经典真题
—I haven't got the reference book yet,but I'll have a test on the subject next
month.
A.could
B.shall
C.must
D.may
王牌技巧之三步解题法
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第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可初步识别考点为情态动词。
第二步运用技巧:本题的解题关键技巧在于上下文的语意。根据答语第
二句“到周五你就会得到参考书的”,可知此处表示一种许诺、承诺。
第三步解出答案:根据句意,符合该用法的情态动词只有shall。
E:need/dare
问: need/dare有什么重难点?
答: need(需要)/dare(敢)的重难点在于二者既可以做情态动词又可
以做实义动词。需要注意的是做情态动词时二者通常运用于否定句和疑问句
中,而做实义动词时用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句都可以。
他不必现在走。 对比:
1.He need not go now.(√) He need not to go now.(×)
2.He doesn't need to go now.(√) He doesn't need go now.(×)
温馨提示:
句1中need做情态动词,不需要加to,而是直接接动词go。
句2中need做实义动词,需要加to,不能直接接动词go。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
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—Do you mean we ______(没必要 )bring anything with us?[湖南卷 ]
8.—Why are your eyes so red?You ______ have slept well last night.
9.— ______ you interrupt now?Can't you see I'm on the phone?
10.One of our rules is that every student ______ wear school uniform while at
school.[辽宁卷 ]
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—Don't worry.He ______(可能不 )come.He said he wasn't certain what
his plans were.[北京卷 ]
17.Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he's a nice person in
general.[辽宁卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.Life is unpredictable;even the poorest ______ become the richest.[江
西卷 ]
A.shall
B.must
C.need
D.might
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— Well,I don't know.It ______ do.[北京卷 ]
A.might
B.need
C.would
D.should
A.wouldn't
B.shouldn't
C.couldn't
D.mustn't
A.could
B.must
C.dare
D.need
A.shouldn't
B.couldn't
C.wouldn't
D.mightn't
6.Since nobody gave him any help,he ______ have done the research on his
own.[全国卷 ]
A.can
B.must
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C.would
D.need
A.must
B.would
C.should
D.might
9 . It ______ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise
because you know a lot of words.[安徽卷 ]
A.may
B.couldn't
C.should
D.needn't
10.We ______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for
dinner.[江西卷 ]
A.may not
B.needn't
C.can't
D.mustn't
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11.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese,and I said“Ni Hao”just
as I ______ do in China.[四川卷 ]
A.must
B.might
C.can
D.should
A.couldn't
B.mustn't
C.needn't
D.wouldn't
13.We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we ______ more places
of interest yesterday.[福建卷 ]
A.visited
B.had visited
C.would visit
D.would have visited
15 . Days later , my brother called to say he was all right , but ______ say
where he was.[江苏卷 ]
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A.mustn't
B.shouldn't
C.wouldn't
D.mightn't
16.I ______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning
the train comes by my house.[全国卷 ]
A.couldn't
B.mustn't
C.shouldn't
D.needn't
A.can't
B.mustn't
C.shouldn't
D.needn't
18 . Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they
______ just be quiet people.[安徽卷 ]
A.must
B.may
C.should
D.would
A.wouldn't
B.couldn't
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C.shouldn't
D.mustn't
A.can
B.must
C.should
D.would
21 . I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ______ find the
money.[全国卷 ]
A.can
B.might
C.would
D.need
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 本题考查的是情态动词的用法。此处意为“没必要带任何东
西”,注意此处是情态动词的否定形式,所以答案为needn't。
2 .解析: 本题考查的是情态动词的特殊意义。根据句意“让我难过的
是,如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了食物。”可知答案为should,此处表示惊
讶,意为“竟然”。
3 .解析: 本题考查的是情态动词的用法。根据句意“我已经点了一些比
萨,所以当我们疲惫地回到家里时,不必担心做饭的问题了。”可知答案为
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needn't。
4 .解析: 考查情态动词的特殊用法,正确答案为would,表“过去常
常”,现在可能还在继续。句意:我仍然记得我那幸福的童年,那时我的母亲
常常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。注意:used to do也可表“过去常常做某事”,但
通常表示现在已经不做了。
5 .解析: 考查情态动词。could“能够,可以”,表许可;句意:当我还是
孩童的时候,每当我想看电视的时候都可以看。
6 .解析: 此处考查情态动词对过去发生的事情的推测。对过去发生的事
情的肯定推测,用must have done,故答案为must have drunk,句意:哈里感觉
不舒服。昨晚的聚会上他一定喝得太多了。
7 .解析: 此处考查情态动词对过去发生的事情的推测。对过去发生的事
情的肯定推测,用must have done,故答案为must have got,句意:孩子们肯定
在树林里迷路了;否则按计划他们已经到湖边的宿营地了。
8 .解析: 根据语境,此处是要表达“眼睛那么红,昨晚不可能睡得很
好”,考查对过去发生的事情的否定推测,用can't/could't have done,所以答案
为can't/could't,当然,can't比could't语气更强。
9 .解析: 答案为Must,考查情态动词must表“一定,偏要”的用法。句
意:——你偏要现在打断我吗?难道你没看到我在打电话吗?——对不起,先
生,但是情况紧急。
10 .解析: 答案为shall或should。情态动词shall用于第二、第三人称时表
示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。should表示“应该”。句意:根据我
们学校的规定,每个学生在校时都必须要(或应该)穿校服。
11 .解析: 考查情态动词的虚拟语气。本题是对过去事实的虚拟,根据
句意可知答案为could have faced。
12 .解析: 考查情态动词的特殊用法。句意:——我真不喜欢詹姆斯。
你为何邀请他?——别担心。他可能不会来。他说他的计划还没安排好。题干
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中的he wasn't certain说明他可能不来,因此使用不完全否定might not。
13 .解析: 本题考查情态动词的推测用法。由described可知整个句子的时
间背景发生在过去,所以用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。句
意:杰克把他的父亲描述成一个意志坚强的人,他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。
14 .解析: 本题考查情态动词的虚拟用法。句意应为“我本来不应该看那
部电影的——它会使我做噩梦的”,表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldn't
have done,所以答案为shouldn't。
15 .解析: 考查情态动词的虚拟用法。根据后面的语境“提前半个小时到
达”,说明马克本来不必那么匆忙,所以用needn't have done结构,表示“本来不
必要做某事而实际上做了”,故答案为needn't。句意:迈克本来不必那么匆忙
的。全速驾驶之后,他提前半个小时到达了。
18 .解析: 本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。结合此处语境可知这里表
示肯定的猜测,答案为must。前者说和史密斯小姐有约,后者回应道:那您一
定就是彼得斯夫人了。
Section 2
1 .解析: 本题考查的是情态动词表推测的用法。根据句意“生活是无法
预测的,甚至最贫穷的人有可能成为最富有的人。”可知答案为might,表示肯
定的推测,不过肯定程度较轻。故D正确。
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会下雨”。
4 .解析: 考查情态动词。答案选A。句意:不可能有人比他更慷慨;他
有一颗金子般的心。can/could表可能。
6 .解析: 考查情态动词。情态动词must表肯定推测,句意为“由于没人
帮他,他一定是自己独自做的那个调查”。所以答案为B。
7 .解析: 考查情态动词。此处情态动词否定式couldn't与比较级more搭配
表达最高级的意义,答案为D。句意为:我玩得无比开心(不可能有比这更开
心的了)——真是完美的一天。
9 .解析: 考查情态动词。根据后面的原因“因为你认识很多单词”可知此
处应该是表达“在练习中不可能是词汇给你造成了这个问题”,表否定推测“不
可能”,所以答案为B。
10 .解析: 考查情态动词的虚拟语气用法。答案为B。句意为:既然苏西
不和我们一起吃晚饭,我们本没必要买这么多食物的(但实际上已经买了)。
11 .解析: 本题考查情态动词。might表示“可能”,答案为B。句意:我靠
他们足够近以便能听见他们说汉语,而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你
好”。
12 .解析: 本题考查情态动词。答案为needn't,表示“没必要”,根据前面
分句句意“这儿很暖和”可以推断后面分句应该是表达“我们没必要还开着暖
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气”,所以答案为C。
13 .解析: 本题关键是从时间状语yesterday判断是对过去事实的虚拟,前
半句描述了一个过去的客观事实“我们在那个小山村迷路”,otherwise表明后半
句是对过去的虚拟,用would have done结构,故答案为D。
15 .解析: 答案为C,wouldn't表示“不愿意”。句意:几天后,我哥哥
(弟弟)打电话说他很好,但不愿意说他在哪里。
16 .解析: 本题考查情态动词。need't表示“没必要”,答案为D。句意:
我没必要用闹钟来唤醒自己,因为每天早上6点火车都从我家房屋旁边经过。
17 .解析: 情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时,表可能性可用can或could,
此处表示“不可能”,用can't,所以答案为A。
18 .解析: 本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。may表示“可能”,答案为
B。句意:有些人不喜欢讲很多话不一定是因为害羞,他们可能只是喜欢安静
的人。
21 .解析: 此题考查情态动词can的用法。此处考查了can的本意“能,能
够”,表示“能力”。句意:如果我能找到钱,我要和约翰一起去欧洲度假。
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第11讲 代词 [学习建议:第19天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 英语中的代词主要有哪几种?历年高考有哪些考点?
答: 英语中的代词按其意义、特征及在句中的作用可分为:人称代词、
物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词
八种。其中,疑问代词和连接代词我们在并列句和各大从句中都进行了详细讲
解,本节将对不定代词以及其他代词的用法进行讲解。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:不定代词
Section 1
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问: 常考的不定代词有哪些?
答: 常考的不定代词非常多,用法也比较复杂,主要有all,both,
every , each , either , neither , more , little , few , much , many ,
another , other , some , any , one , none , no , no one 以 及 由 -thing , -
one,-body组成的复合不定代词等。为了便于比较和区分,我们将其分为几组
考点来进行讲解。
高考考点一: another/others等词的用法
A:another/others等直接做主语或宾语
问: another/others等直接做主语或宾语时有哪些区别?
答: 区别如下表所示:
直接做主语或宾语
another 单数泛指,不确定范围中的另一个
泛指
others 复数泛指,不确定范围中的另一些
经典例句
1.我不喜欢这个,给我看看另一个。
2.我不在乎别人是怎么看我的。
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B:another,other,the other直接做定语
问: another,other,the other直接做定语时有哪些区别?
答: 区别如下表所示:
做定语
泛指 特指
温馨提示:
1.other+复数名词=others
2.the other+复数名词=the others =the rest
3.another一般只能修饰单数名词,但如果名词前有few或者数词时,也可
以修饰复数,表“再,又”,如another two weeks。
C :another/others等常考的搭配
one…the other 一个……另一个
some…others(=some) 一些……另一些(不包含所有)
温馨提示:
传统语法中认为each other用于两者相互,one another用于三者或三者以
301
上相互,但在现代语法中,两组词可以通用。
经典例句
1.我有两辆车,一辆是白色的,另一辆是红色的。
2.一些学生来自中国,剩余的所有学生都来自美国。(只有这两个国
家的)
温馨对比:
一些学生来自中国,另一些学生来自美国。(还有来自其他地方的)
Some students come from China, others from America.
高考考点二: every/each等词的用法
问: every和each在用法上有哪些区别?
答: 区别如下表所示:
every each
强调全体概念 强调个体概念
指三个或三个以上的人或物 指两个或两个以上的人或物
作定语外,还可以做主语、宾语、
只能作定语
• • • • • 状语
温馨提示:
every还可以构成everywhere,everybody,everything,everyday。
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经典例句
1.我们学校的学生都很用功。
2.每个学生都可有一本书。
高考原句
1.你可以向任何一个人求助。这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。
You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to lend you a
hand.[安徽卷]
2.在你离开之前,确保你带好护照、机票以及所有的一切。
Make sure you've got the passports and tickets and everything before
you leave.[山东卷]
高考考点三: both,either,neither和all,any,none等词的用法
问: both,either,neither和all,any,none在用法上有哪些区别?
答: 从整体上来说,both,either,neither都用于两者之间,而all,
any,none用于三者或三者以上,详细区别如下所示:
用于两者之间
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both either neither
经典例句
1.两个男孩都很聪明。
2.街道两边都有花。
高考原句填空
1.Larry请Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐,但他们两个都不想去,因为他
们要工作。
Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him , but ______ of
them wants to,because they have work to do.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】neither
根据句意可知,两人都不想去,否定形式用neither。
2.这是一个只能二选一的处境——我们今年要么买一辆新车,要么去
度假,但是我们不可能两件事都做。
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It's an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go
on holiday but we can't do ______.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】both
根据句意,not…both表不完全否定。
用于三者或三者以上
all any none
温馨提示:any还可以构成anywhere,anybody,anyone,anything。
经典例句
1.所有学生都喜欢这本书。
2.所有学生都不喜欢这本书。(完全否定)
温馨对比: 不是所有学生都喜欢这本书。(部分否定)
Not all of the students like this book.
高考原句填空
Jane被问了很多问题,但她一个都没回答。[陕西卷]
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Jane was asked a lot of questions,but she didn't answer ______ of them.
温馨讲解: 【答案】any
根据句意可知填any,其中not…any相当于none,表全部否定。所以本
句也可以改成she answered none of them.。
高考考点四: no one/none的用法
问: no one和none在用法上有哪些区别?
答: 主要有2大区别,具体如下:
none后常跟of形成none of短语,既可指人,又可指物;而
区别1
no one只能单独使用,一般只指人。
none与不可数名词连用,谓语动词用单数;none与可数名
词连用,传统语法要求谓语动词用单数,但现代语法认为
区别2
谓语动词也可用复数。no one作主语谓语动词则只能用单
数。
高考原句填空
在所有桌子上的书中,没有一本对我们的学习有用。[四川卷]
Of all the books on the desk,______ is of any use for our study.
温馨讲解: 【答案】none
本题考查代词的用法。none表示“全都不……”,多与of构成短语none
of。而no one只能指人,不能指物。
常用于否定句、疑问句和条
表“一些”
件状语从句中
any
表“任何” 可用于肯定句
经典例句
1.这些书当中有一些值得读一读。
2.要不要来点咖啡?
3.如果有任何困难,请告诉我。
B:many/much的用法
问: many和much在用法上有哪些区别?
答: 二者的主要区别是many+可数名词,而much+不可数名词。
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经典例句
1.有多少人出席了这次会议?
2.我们还剩多少时间?
修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词
few很少,几乎没有 little很少,几乎没有
a few一些,几个 a little一些,一点儿
经典例句
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
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常见的few和little的固定搭配:
高考考点六: one/it的用法
问: one和it在用法上有哪些区别?
答: one通常表示泛指,代替同类人或物中的任意一个。但如果要表特
指,one前需要加the,this等词。it表示特指,代替前面提到过的人或物,所
指名词为同一类且同一个。
高考原句填空
—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow
______?
温馨讲解: 【答案】it;one
本题考查代词。第一空指代前面提到过的a copy of the book,指同一
物,所以用it;而第二空指到书店去买一本,泛指某一本,不是同一物,所
以用one。
Section 2 :其他代词的用法
高考考点七: it的用法
问: it有哪些用法?
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答: it的用法比较多,主要有以下几种用法,如下表所示:
1.代替前面已提到的人或 This is my car;it is made in
物或事 China.
2.指时间、距离、天气现
Is it very far to the station?
象等
高考原句填空
如果你能提前让我知道你是否会来我将很感激。
I'd appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not
you will come.[陕西卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】it
本题考查I'd appreciate it if…的习惯用法,表“如果……我将很感激”。
高考考点八: 指示代词的用法
问: 指示代词有哪几类?主要用法分别是什么?
答: 指示代词有单数(this/that)和复数(these/those)两种形式,
用法详见下表:
this和these 1.通常指下文将要提到的事物
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2.指较近的人或物
1.通常指上文提到过的事物
that和those
2.指较远的人或物
经典例句
1.这是你的车,那是我的车。
2.这些就是我们应该解决的问题。(those指上文中提到的问题)
3.卡片上写着这样一些字:我们想要和平。(these指下文写的字)
高考原句填空
At our factory there are a few machines similar to ______ described in this
magazine.[天津卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】those
本题考查用于比较对象替代的代词。比较对象的替代通常可以用that代
替单数名词,those代替复数名词,故此处用those代替比较对象machines。句
意为:在我们工厂有一些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器。
附:
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A :人称代词
表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,见下
表:
B:物主代词
表示所有关系的代词,物主代词分为形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两
种,其人物和数的变化见下表:
C :反身代词
表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自
己”等的代词,见下表:
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Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ______(另外一
些 ),knives and forks.[福建卷 ]
3 . Susan made ______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for
herself.[山东卷 ]
4.She'd lived in London and Manchester,but she liked ______ and moved to
Cambridge.[四川卷 ]
5.An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year,making ______ the driest
year since California became a state in 1850.[浙江卷 ]
6.To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then ______ of
her colleagues.[辽宁卷 ]
7.I've lived in New York and Chicago,but don't like ______ of them very
much.[山东卷 ]
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8.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ______ on the
small ones.[四川卷 ]
11 . New technologies have made ______ possible to turn out new products
faster and at a lower cost.[四川卷 ]
12 . Studying Wendy's menu , I found that many of the items are similar to
______ of McDonald's.[浙江卷 ]
14.If you're buying today's paper from the stand,could you get _____(一份
)for me?[辽宁卷 ]
15.Isn't it amazing how the human body heals ______ after an injury?[江
西卷 ]
16.Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell
from its nest.[湖南卷 ]
17 . The two girls are so alike that strangers find ______ difficult to tell one
from the other.[山东卷 ]
18.The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than ______ in any
other area of the city.[陕西卷 ]
19.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts
of the local governments to increase ______.[北京卷 ]
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20 . It was because of bad weather ______ the football match had to be put
off.[上海卷 ]
21.We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place.[天津卷 ]
22 . We have various summer camps for your holidays . You can choose
______ based on your own interests.[福建卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.My brother would like to buy a good watch but ______ was available from
that shop.[江西卷 ]
A.nothing
B.none
C.no one
D.neither
A.these
B.some
C.ones
D.those
A.either
B.neither
C.too
D.also
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4.Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost
______ of her enthusiasm for life.[陕西卷 ]
A.some
B.neither
C.none
D.all
A.something
B.anything
C.everything
D.nothing
A.Anybody
B.Everybody
C.Nobody
D.Somebody
A.anything
B.something
C.nothing
D.everything
8.The doctor thought ______ would be good for you to have a holiday.[全
国卷 ]
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A.this
B.that
C.one
D.it
A.it
B.that
C.what
D.one
A.Anything
B.Nothing
C.Everything
D.Something
A.others
B.the other
C.another
D.one other
A.that
B.it
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C.this
D.him
13 . The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday , but
______ didn't help.[全国卷 ]
A.it
B.she
C.which
D.he
A.one
B.ones
C.it
D.those
15.We've been looking at the houses but haven't found ______ we like yet.
[浙江卷 ]
A.one
B.ones
C.it
D.them
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
318
1 .解析: 考查some…others,表一些和另一些(不包含所有),所以答
案为others,此处相当于other countries。
2 .解析: 考查代词either的用法,表二者中的任何一个都可以,所以答案
为Either。
3 .解析: 本题考查的是it作为形式宾语的用法。本句中的it是一个形式宾
语,真正的宾语是后面的从句that she wished to make a new life for herself。句
意:苏珊向我说清楚了她希望自己过上新生活。
4 .解析: 根据句意可知本句表示两者的全部否定,所以答案为neither。
句意:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特都生活过,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,于是她搬
去了剑桥。
6 .解析: 考查代词。根据句意“令德拉高兴的是,她先赢得了学生的信
任,然后赢得了同事的信任”,此处用于替代不可数名词trust,所以答案为
that;如果替代名词复数要用those或the ones。
7 .解析: 考查代词用法。答案为either,表二者中的任何一个。句意:我
在纽约和芝加哥都居住过,但这两个地方我都不是很喜欢。此处not…either相
当于neither(两者都不)。
8 .解析: 考查代词用法。本题考查比较句型中比较对象的替代,通常可
以用that替代单数名词,those替代复数名词。比较对象the traffic为不可数名
词,所以答案为that。
9 .解析: 考查代词用法。答案为another。句意:回收是保护环境的一种
方式;再利用是另一种方式。
10 .解析: 考查代词。根据句意:该项目需要密切配合,除非我们一起
合作良好,否则的话不会取得任何成就。所以答案为Nothing。
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11.解析: 考查it作形式宾语的用法,在这里to turn out new products faster
and at a lower cost作真正的宾语。possible为宾语补足语,构成“make+ it+宾
补+不定式短语(真正宾语)”结构。
12 .解析: 本题考查比较对象的替代,通常可以用that替代单数名词,
those替代复数名词。比较对象items为名词复数,所以答案为those。
14 .解析: 正确答案为one,表“同类中的某一个”。句意:如果你去报摊
上买今天的报纸,给我捎回一份好吗?
16 .解析: 根据句意,空格处意为“小鸟伤到了自己”,故填反身代词
itself。句意:昨天我们的邻居给了我们一只雏鸟,这只雏鸟从窝里摔下来时受
了伤。
17 .解析: 答案为it,做形式宾语。常考句型:find/make/consider/suppose
等词+it+ adj./n.+to do/that从句。句意:这两个小女孩如此相像,以至于
陌生人很难分辨她们俩。
18 .解析: 本题考查比较对象的替代,通常可以用that替代单数名词或不
可数名词,those替代复数名词。由比较对象cost可知答案为that。
20 .解析: 答案为that,该题考查强调结构的用法,被强调的部分是介词
短语because of bad weather(作状语)。强调句型中的that不充当成分,只起连
接作用。
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21 .解析: 答案为it,在此句中充当形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定
式“to make our country a better place”。句意:我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好
是我们的职责。
22 .解析: 答案为one。one代替单数可数名词,表泛指,相当于“a/an+
单数名词”。这里泛指某个summer camp(夏令营)。注意the one表特指。句
意:针对你们的假期,我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营,你们可以根据自己的兴趣
任选一个。
Section 2
1 .解析: none既可指人,也可指物,强调“在……当中没有一个”;
nothing指物,表示什么都没有,不存在;no one只能指人;neither表两者都
不。根据句意,此处要表示一块好手表都没有,故此题选B。
3 .解析: 考查代词用法。根据句意,如果抛弃传统,一个社会不可能成
功,而如果我们阻碍进步,社会也不会成功。空格处表示“也不”,故选A。
4 .解析: 考查代词。根据句意:虽然罗斯玛丽这些年患上了一种严重的
疾病,但是她一点都没丧失对生活的热情,可知选否定词,排除A和D;而
neither指两者都不,应予以排除,故选C。
5 .解析: 本句要表达的是“和睦的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多,
但并不是一切”。根据句意选C,其他三项代入后意思上均不通。
6 .解析: 考查代词。根据句意,没有人会40年都擅长一个事情,如果他
不喜欢的话。故答案选C。
7 .解析: 本题考查的是代词辨析。anything表示任何事或物;something
表示某些事或物;nothing表示什么也没有,没有事情或东西;everything指所
有的事情,一切。句意:微笑不会花费我们任何东西,但却会给我们很多。本
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题中的关键词是but,说明上下文之间是转折关系,所选之词要和后面的much
构成相反的语义关系,故C正确。
8 .解析: 本题考查的是it的用法。it的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式
宾语。本题考查形式宾语it,在这里代指后面的真正宾语to have a holiday。故
答案为D。
10 .解析: 答案B。nothing用于句中表示否定意义,而其他三个词则表示
肯定意义。句意:我一生中没有什么比我第一次参观故宫印象更深刻的了。
12 .解析: 本题考查的是it作形式宾语的用法。此处it代替后面的不定式
to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting,该不定式是真正的宾语。故答
案为B。
13 .解析: 本题考查代词。but连接并列句,根据句意可知此处应填入代
词it,指代前面分句提到的医生向薇拉提建议这件事。故答案为A。
14 .解析: 本题考查代词。根据句意可知此处应填入复数形式ones代替破
折号前面的复数名词health problems。A和C项都表单数,不合题意。those为指
示代词,前面不可再用修饰成分。故答案为B。
15 .解析: 本题考查的是代词辨析。上文提到的houses是可数名词复数,
不过此处显然是指找到喜欢的一个,所以要用one指代,答案为A。ones表示复
数,指许多房子,不符合语境。
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第12讲 形容词和副词 [学习建议:第20天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 形容词和副词有哪些考点?
答: 形容词和副词的考点主要包括:形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最
高级以及其他常考要点。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
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Section 1 :形容词和副词的原级
高考考点一: 形容词和副词的原级
问: 形容词和副词的原级用法常考点主要有哪些?
答: 形容词和副词的原级用法主要是在as…as结构中,具体用法如下表
所示:
as+原级+as 和……一样……
当as…as中间有名词时采用以下格式:
as+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+as,as+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词
+as
高考原句填空
He speaks English well indeed,but of course not ______(fluent)a native
speaker.[上海卷]
倍数+as+原级+as 是……的几倍
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温馨提示:倍数+as+原级+as=倍数+the+名词+of
如:这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。
This bridge is three times as
long as that one.
=This bridge is three times the length of
that one.
高考原句填空
这家饭店不及我们去过的另一家一半好。[全国卷]
高考经典真题
Ten years ago the population of our village was _______ that of theirs.[陕
西卷]
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可识别该考点考查倍数比较。
第二步运用技巧:进一步观察句式结构可知该题考查倍数句型:倍数+
as+形容词/副词原级+as。另注意人口(population)的多少用large或small
来修饰。
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第三步解出答案:由以上分析从而得出答案选B。
高考考点二: 形容词和副词的比较级
问: 常见的比较级的修饰词有哪些?
答: 常见的修饰比较级的词有a bit,a little,much,far,rather,
by far,many,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even等。
高考原句填空
你车开得太快了,你能开得慢一点吗?(slow)
You're driving too fast.Can you drive a bit more slowly ?[全国卷]
——我得说,这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。
——为什么?这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。
—Why?It's far more interesting than the films I have ever seen.[江西
卷]
问: 形容词和副词的比较级用法常考点主要有哪些?
答: 形容词和副词的比较级主要用在than结构和一些固定句型中。具体
用法如下表所示:
A:比较级的基本句型
比较级+than 比……更
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be getting+比较级+and+比较级 越来越……
the+比较级,the+比较级 越……,就越……
B:比较级句型的一些固定搭配
A be senior to B A比B年长
A be junior to B A比B年轻
A be inferior to B A比B差劲
A be superior to B A比B优越
高考原句填空一
最后努力得到了回报,现在这条河比以前更干净了。
Finally , that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is
______(clean)than ever.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】cleaner
根据空格后面的than,可知此处应该使用比较级的形式。
高考原句填空二
在真正的比赛中,太极宗师会借力打力,你越来用力击打他,你越可能
被击中。[辽宁卷]
In real competition,a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor
and uses this energy to fight back.The ______(hard)you try to beat him,the
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more likely you will get hit.
温馨讲解: 【答案】harder
本句考查一个固定句式:the+比较级,the+比较级。
高考考点三: 形容词和副词的最高级
A:最高级用法常考句型:the+最高级+in/of…
经典例句
1.春天是一年中最好的季节。
2.这个公园是这三个公园中最漂亮的。
B:比较级表示最高级
经典例句
他比三班的其他同学都更高。
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He is taller than any other student of Class Three.
温馨对比: 当我们进行不同范围的比较时,要省略上述句型中的other
或else。
高考考点四: 常考的than短语
A:
B:
no more than=only 仅仅 no less than=as many/much as 多达
C :
no more…than 和……一样不……
no less…than 和……一样……
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高考考点五: 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
A:一般顺序规律
问: 形容词修饰名词的顺序有什么规律?
答: 多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序对于中国学生来说是一个难点。其基
本顺序为:限定词—数词(序数词,基数词)—描绘词(状态、大小、长短、
形状、新旧、颜色、国籍来源、材料性质、作用类别)—名词。
形容词修饰顺序记忆口诀
限定序数和基数,状态大小长短形,
新旧颜色国材用,名词最后要牢记。
高考经典真题
The ______ house smells as if it hasn't been lived in for years.[江苏卷]
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可识别该考点考查多个形容词的顺序排
列。
第二步运用技巧:根据形容词修饰名词的口诀可知该题顺序为:大小—
颜色—材料。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析从而得出答案选A。
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B:enough顺序规律
问: enough修饰名词或形容词、副词有什么规律?
答: enough修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时,通常既可位于所修饰的
名词之前,又可位于所修饰的名词之后,但是,只能放在单数可数名词之后;
而enough修饰形容词或副词,只能位于所修饰的形容词或副词之后。
高考经典真题
We only had $100 and that was ______ to buy a new computer . [ 辽 宁
卷]
王牌技巧之三步解题法
第一步识别考点:根据选项特征可识别该考点考查enough的顺序排列。
第二步运用技巧:根据enough的规律可知enough修饰形容词或副词时,
应该放在被修饰词的后面。
第三步解出答案:由以上分析从而得出答案选A。句意:我们只有100
美元,远远不够买一台新电脑。nowhere near是固定短语,意思是“差得远,
远不及”。
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much too much修饰too,too后接形容词原级
高考原句填空
你早该去理发了,头发太长了。[全国卷]
It's high time that you had your hair cut;it's getting ______(long).
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1 . My good performance in the job interview left me ______ ( 乐 观 的 )
about my future and about what I can do here.[安徽卷 ]
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5.Joe is proud and ______(固执的 ),never admitting he is wrong and
always looking for someone else to blame.[浙江卷 ]
6.The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and
not follow others ______(盲目地 ).[浙江卷 ]
9.It's said that the power plant is now ______(两倍 )large as what it was.
[安徽卷 ]
12.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______(三
倍大 )the present one.[陕西卷 ]
13 . Computers and mobile phones , though they are indeed making our life
______(easy)and more ______(有效的 ),have reduced the need for face-to-
face communications.[江西卷 ]
15.“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it,”
Father suggested ______(试探性地 )to his neighbor who had come to discuss the
problem.[湖北卷 ]
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Section 2 :高考经典真题
1 . Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase , she gave him a
______ smile and let him go.[湖北卷 ]
A.cautious
B.grateful
C.tolerant
D.wild
2.Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______,“Don't be
so mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.[湖北卷 ]
A.dreadfully
B.guiltily
C.indirectly
D.sharply
A.also
B.just
C.nevertheless
D.otherwise
A.constant
B.main
C.powerful
D.shallow
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5 . People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often
______ rather than based on fixed criteria.[湖北卷 ]
A.appropriate
B.conscious
C.arbitrary
D.controversial
6 . Don't defend him any more . It's obvious that he ______ destroyed the
fence of the garden even without apology.[湖北卷 ]
A.accidentally
B.carelessly
C.deliberately
D.clumsily
7.David is ______ animal fur,so he won't visit anyone who has cats or dogs
in the house.[安徽卷 ]
A.curious about
B.allergic to
C.satisfied with
D.fond of
8 . We used to see each other _____ , but haven't heard from him since last
year.[辽宁卷 ]
A.especially
B.regularly
C.particularly
D.approximately
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A.dramatic
B.regional
C.apparent
D.subtle
A.rather than
B.other than
C.more than
D.better than
A.as few as
B.as little as
C.as many as
D.as much as
A.quite
B.very
C.rather
D.much
13 . Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained
______;people are still looking for other possible solutions.[湖北卷 ]
A.unchallenged
B.relevant
C.controversial
D.contradictory
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14.Tony can hardly boil an egg,still ______ cook dinner.[全国卷 ]
A.less
B.little
C.much
D.more
15.It was a nice house,but _______ too small for a family of five.[天津
卷]
A.rarely
B.fairly
C.rather
D.pretty
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 句意为“我在面试中的优秀表现使我对自己的未来和可做的事
情很乐观。”“leave+ sb./sth.+形容词”这一结构表示“使……处于某种状
态”。可知答案为optimistic。
2 .解析: 句意为“蕾蒙德的父母想让他尽可能接受最好的教育。”可知答
案为the best。
3 .解析: 句意为“随着网上购物变得愈加流行,互联网被视作一种高效
的接触目标客户的方式。”可知答案为efficient。
4 .解析: 句意为“贾斯敏·韦斯特兰的胜利令人印象深刻之处在于,她是
光着脚在马拉松比赛中获得了第一名。”可知答案为impressive。
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5 .解析: 句意为“乔既骄傲又固执,从不承认自己的错误,并且总是怪
罪于他人。”根据空格前的并列结构proud and可以推知,此处需要填入一个形
容词的原级,可知答案为stubborn。
6 .解析: 句意为“教育的目标是教会年轻人独立思考,不盲从。”可知答
案为blindly。
8 .解析: 句意为“这可能不是个很好的建议,但是在提出更好的建议
前,我们只能将就采用了。”空格所在的分句缺少主语,所以答案为a better
one。
9 .解析: 考查倍数表达句型。句型为:倍数+as+原级+as。所以答案
为twice as。
10 .解析: 考查形容词比较级的用法。句意为“如果你搬到空气和水源纯
净的小镇,接触到的污染就会少得多。”可知答案为less。
12 .解析: 考查倍数的表达法。句型为:倍数+as+原级+as。所以答案
为three times as big as。
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15 .解析: 句意为“‘或许我们需要请史密斯博士看看我们对此能做些什
么。’爸爸试探性地对来参与讨论问题的邻居建议道。”可知答案为tentatively。
Section 2
1 .解析: 词义辨析题。句意为“她并没有责备打破花瓶的那个孩子,而
是给了他一个宽容的微笑,并且让他走了。”可知答案为C,表示“宽容的”的意
思。
2 .解析: 词义辨析题。此处需要填入一个修饰动词said的词,由具体的
说话内容以及伴随状语中的warning一词可以推断,sharply更符合此处语境,
表示“严厉地”,可知答案为D。
3 .解析: 答案为D。otherwise有“另外,在其他方面”的意思。“I'll be
otherwise engaged.”意为“我将另有安排”。
4 .解析: 词义辨析题。A项“持续不断的”;B项“主要的”;C“强大的”;
D项“浅的”。根据句意“故宫每天都吸引着源源不断的客流……”可知答案为
A。
5 .解析: 词义辨析题。选项A“合适的”;选项B“有意识的”;选项C“武断
的”;选项D“有争议的”。句意为“人们抱怨决定通过或拒绝一项许可常常是
______而不是基于一些固定的标准。”既然不是“基于固定的标准”,那做出这
些决定就是“武断的”,所以答案为C。
6 .解析: 词义辨析题。选项A“意外地”;选项B“粗心地”;选项C“故意
地”;选项D“笨拙地”。句意为“不要再替他辩护了。很显然他是蓄意破坏花园
的栅栏,甚至都没有道歉。”所以答案为C。
7 .解析: 短语辨析题。选项A“对……好奇”;选项B“对……过敏”;选项
C“对……满意”;选项D“喜欢……”。根据后半句“所以他不愿意去看望任何家
里养猫或狗的人”可知他对动物皮毛过敏,所以答案为B。
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8 .解析: 词义辨析题。选项A“尤其”;选项B“定期地”;选项C“特别”;
选项D“大约”。根据后半句“但是自去年就再也没有他的音信了”可知应该是过
去常常见面,所以答案为B。
9 .解析: 词义辨析题。选项A“显著的”;选项B“地区的”;选项C“明显
的”;选项D“微妙的”。根据后面一句“我有时候会把它们的意思混淆”可知两个
单词非常像,说话者想要区分二者之间微妙的差别,所以答案为D。
10 .解析: 短语辨析题。选项A“而不是”;选项B“除了”,相当于but和
except;选项C“不仅仅,比……多”;选项D“比……更好”。该句句意应为“这
张表格只能由你本人签字。”所以答案为B。
11 .解析: 短语辨析题。句意是要表达人很少,只有20人。people为可数
名词,故使用few来替代,故答案为A。
12 .解析: 句意为“欣赏优美的音乐是一回事,但是自己把它演奏好完全
是另一回事。”表示“很,非常”时,very用来修饰形容词或副词;much用来修
饰形容词或副词的比较级、最高级,也可修饰形容词性的过去分词或描述性形
容词的原级;quite和rather都可修饰名词,但rather多用于贬义;another指的是
another thing,这个名词受quite的修饰。因此答案为A。
13 .解析: 句意为“是否该推倒这个地区的建筑仍然有争议,人们仍然在
寻找其他可能的解决方法。”C项“有争议的”符合句意;A项“未引起争论的;未
受挑战的”,B项“相关的”,D项“矛盾的”,都不符合句意。
14 .解析: 考查由比较级构成的固定短语。句意为“托尼几乎不会煮蛋,
更不用说做饭了。”still和less构成固定短语,意为“更不用说,何况”,所以答
案为A。
15 .解析: 词义辨析题。句意为“这间屋子很不错,但是对于一个五口之
家来说还是太小了。”只有rather可以与比较级以及副词too连用,所以答案为
C。
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第13讲 冠词和名词 [学习建议:第21天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年冠词和名词的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 冠词本身不能单独使用,它常用在名词的前面。冠词的考点主要有
两大类:一类是名词前有冠词的情况,该情况又分为用定冠词the还是用不定
冠词a/an;另一类是名词前不用冠词的情况,有些书上称为零冠词。
名词的考点主要也有两大类:一类是名词的单复数,另一类是名词的所有
格。请看超级记忆导图:
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Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
Section 1 :冠词
高考考点一: 不定冠词
问: 不定冠词的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 不定冠词有a/an两种,a用于辅音音素前,an用于元音音素前。不定
冠词常见的6个考点如下表所示:
不定冠词的用法:
指一类人或物,此时a/an不需译
1 A horse is a useful animal.
出来
表示“某一个,某位”,常用于
6 A Mr.Ling is waiting for you.
人名前
高考原句填空
1.It is generally accepted that ______ boy must learn to stand up and fight
like ______ man.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】a;a
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句意:人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会挺身而出,像个男人一样勇于战
斗。a boy和a man都是泛指,表示一类人。
温馨讲解: 【答案】a;a
考查冠词a,表示一个梦想。句意:中国梦是一个改善民生的梦,是一
个追求和谐、和平与发展的梦。
高考考点二: 定冠词
问: 定冠词的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 定冠词the的考点比较多,用法也比较灵活,常见的考点有11类,如
下表所示:
定冠词的用法:
特指某个(某些)人或某个(某
2 The man in black is a magician.
些)事物
高考原句填空
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Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ______ Pacific Ocean on his way to
Java in ______ thirteenth century.[陕西卷]
A.the;a
B.a;/
C./;the
D.the;the
温馨讲解: 【答案】D
本题考查冠词。第一空指独一无二的事物用the;第二空为固定短语,
表示在多少世纪用“in the -th century”的格式,需加定冠词。
用在序数词、最高级及only等词
8 the poorest man
前
高考原句填空
Life is like ______ ocean;only ______ strong-willed can reach the other
shore.[天津卷]
温馨讲解: 【答案】an;the
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本题考查冠词。第一空不是指独一无二的海洋概念,而是泛指海洋,所
以要使用不定冠词an修饰ocean。第二空后的strong-willed是一个形容词,在
形容词前面加上定冠词the表示“一类人”或者“一类事物”。the strong-willed指
意志坚定的人。句意:生活就像是一片海洋,只有意志坚定的人才可以到达
彼岸。
高考考点三: 不用冠词,即零冠词
问: 不用冠词的考点主要有哪些?
答: 常见的不用冠词的情况有7种,如下表所示:
1 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词
2 Beijing,China,water,peace
等名词前
名词前有物主代词、指示代词、
3 I like this book.
不定代词等修饰
季节、月份、星期、节假日、一 spring,July,Sunday,National
4
日三餐前 Day,have breakfast
高考原句填空
Sam has been appointed ______ manager of the engineering department to
take ______ place of George.[重庆卷]
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温馨讲解: 【答案】/;the
在题干中,“manager”表示职务,表示头衔、职务的名词前不加冠词。
而第二个空白处为固定短语“take the place of”,是“代替”之意。
:名词
Section 2
高考考点一: 名词的单复数
问: 名词的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 名词的考点主要有3大类:一类是名词的单复数与主谓一致,另一类
是名词的所有格,第三类是词义。在最近几年的高考中,考得最多的是第三类
考点,主要考查名词词义辨析,而这类考点旨在测试学生的词汇量,即认不认
识该名词,如果认识,根据句意就可以顺利解题,否则解题就有相当的难度,
所以词汇基础还是非常重要的。在本章节我们主要来复习一下名词的基础知
识,词汇的记忆就要靠同学们平常多下功夫了。当然,同学们也可以参考《24
天突破高考大纲词汇3500》一书,该书讲解了很多记忆词汇的小技巧。
名词的种类
名词按表义来分可以分为专有名词和普通名词,普通名词又可分为下面四
类:1)个体名词、2)集体名词、3)物质名词、4)抽象名词。
名词按数目来分则通常分为可数名词与不可数名词。而这当中个体名词和
集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用
数目计算,称为不可数名词。为了便于大家一目了然,我们用下图表示:
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问: 对于名词的学习有哪些需要特别注意的地方?
答: 对于名词的学习主要有以下两点需要我们注意:
第一,英语中的名词的单复数不一定与汉语一致。也就是说,汉语意思是
可数的名词在英语中不一定是可数,汉语意思是不可数的名词在英语中也不一
定是不可数。
第二,英语中的物质名词和抽象名词也能在某些情况下转化成为可数名
词。也就是说,英语中的同一个名词在不同意思下面,既可能可数,也有可能
不可数。
所以,判断名词的可数与不可数是一个点滴积累的过程。要知道,英语中
的名词少说也有数万个,这当中有多少是可数,多少是不可数,又有多少既是
可数又是不可数,要想一次全都记住不太现实,这也是本书为什么不一一列举
的原因。只有多查字典、多积累才能逐渐掌握!
名词的数
A.名词复数的一般变化规则
情况 构成方法 举例
一般情况 加-s map—maps bag—bags
温馨提示: 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直
接加s。
例如:two Marys monkey—monkeys holiday—holidays
B.以字母o结尾的名词复数的变化规则
构成方法 举例
以o结尾的名词 加-s photo—photos piano—pianos
巧记以o结尾加-es变名词复数:两人(Negro,hero)两菜(tomato,
potato)
C .以字母f或fe结尾的名词复数的变化规则
构成方法 举例
以f或fe结尾的名 加-s belief—beliefs roof—roofs
词
改-f(e)为v,
knife—knives leaf—leaves
再加-es
巧记常见的9个改-f(e)为v,再加-es的名词:
妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf),小偷(thief)吓得发了
慌;躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life),半(half)片树叶
(leaf)遮目光。
D .特殊的名词复数的变化规则
构成方法 举例
词尾是is改es crisis—crises analysis—analyses
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mouse—mice man—men woman—women
单复同形的名词 deer,sheep
F .复合名词的复数的变化规则
sons-in-law,passers-by,
将前一个名词变为复数
lookers-on
grown-ups,housewives,
合成名词 将后一个名词变为复数
stopwatches
women teachers,men
将前后名词都变为复数
servants
G .其他名词有关数的考点
数词+名词作定语时,该名词一般保留单数形式
two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk十英里路
高考考点二: 名词的所有格
A.加“'s”的名词所有格
一般而言,有生命的名词多加“'s”表示所有关系,但也有例外。
单词形式 构成方式 举例
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单数名词 在词尾加's a teacher's book
在最后一个词的词尾
复合名词 his mother-in-law's car
加's
温馨提示: 1.在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后
面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's理发店。
2.如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”;只有一个's,
则表示“共有”。例如:Kate's and Mary's rooms(两间),Kate and
Mary's room(一间)。
B.名词+of+名词的所有格
一般而言,无生命的名词多加of表示所有关系,但也有例外。
温馨提示: 如果一个名词有较长的短语或定语从句修饰,即使表有生命的
名词也要用of所有格形式。如:What is the name of the girl sitting
near the door?
C .名词的双重所有格
双重所有格是指将“'s”所有格和of所有格结合起来一起使用。使用时
要注意一些意义上的区别。如a photo of Mary's是指玛丽所拥有的照片中
的一张,而a photo of Mary是指一张玛丽的照片,指照片上的人是玛丽。
说明:
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集体名词,以及本身以s结尾的词,我们在主谓一致章节已经做了详细的
讲解,请参阅主谓一致章节。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 :高考原句填空
1.Her ______(动机 )for writing was a desire for women to get the right to
higher education.[湖北卷 ]
2.When Richard said,“You are much more agreeable and prettier now,”
Joan's face turned red at the unexpected ______(恭维,赞美 ).[湖北卷 ]
4.We most prefer to say yes to the ______(请求 )of someone we know and
like.[浙江卷 ]
5 . They chose Tom to be ______ captain of the team because they knew he
was ______ smart leader.[江西卷 ]
6.______ village where I was born has grown into ______ town.[陕西卷
]
7 . The paper is due next month , and I am working seven days ______
week,often long into ______ night.[浙江卷 ]
8 . I can't tell you ______ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have
______Wilson here in the village.[重庆卷 ]
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10.The ______(女孩子们的 )shoes were covered with mud,so I asked
them to take them off before they got into ______(汤姆的 )car.[江西卷 ]
13.It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across
______ night sky.[山东卷 ]
17.The parents were shocked by ______ news that their son needed ______
operation on his knee.[重庆卷 ]
19.Being able to afford ______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough
times.[山东卷 ]
Section 2 :高考经典真题
354
1.— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for
a new one?
A.saying
B.question
C.suggestion
D.account
2.— Could you tell me the ______ of making such tasty cakes?
A.feature
B.plan
C.cost
D.trick
3 . Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their
anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.[湖北卷 ]
A.perspective
B.priority
C.participation
D.privilege
A.difference
B.comparison
C.connection
D.barrier
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5.With inspiration from other food cultures,American food culture can take
a ______ for the better.[江苏卷 ]
A.share
B.chance
C.turn
D.lead
A.curiosity
B.satisfaction
C.envy
D.patience
A.way
B.relation
C.taste
D.habit
A.worth
B.supply
C.package
D.list
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A.the;/
B.a;the
C./;a
D.the;a
A./;the
B.a;the
C.the;a
D./;a
A.the;/
B.a;the
C.a;/
D.the;a
A./;A
B./;The
C.the;The
D.a;A
A.the;/
B.a;an
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C.a;/
D.the;an
14.— It's said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _____ year.
A.the;the
B.a;the
C.the;a
D.a;a
15.If we sit near ______ front of the bus,we'll have ______ better view.
[山东卷 ]
A./;the
B./;a
C.the;a
D.the;the
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1.解析: 本题考查名词词义,答案为motivation。
2.解析: 本题考查名词词义,答案为compliment。
3.解析: 本题考查名词词义,答案为source。
4.解析: 考查名词词义,答案为requests,注意要用复数。
5.解析: 本题考查冠词用法。本题第一空后面的名词captain(队长)后
面有介词短语of the team修饰,表示特指,所以可使用定冠词the,注意到
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captain是表职位、头衔的名词,也可省略冠词。第二空后的可数名词leader前
面有形容词smart修饰,所以用a修饰,表示泛指。
6 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。本题第一空后面的名词village的后面有定
语从句where I was born修饰,说明该词表示特指,所以使用定冠词the。第二空
后的名词town是一个可数名词,所以使用a修饰,表示泛指。
7 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。本句第一空根据其后的单数名词week提示
可知应填入a,相当于per,指每一个星期。第二空使用定冠词the表示特指,
long into the night意思是“直到深夜”。
8 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。本题第一空后的名词way之后有介词短语
to the Wilsons'修饰,说明此处特指去Wilson家的路,所以使用定冠词the。第二
空后的名词Wilson是一个人名,通常都是单独使用,但是本题中应使用a修
饰,泛指一个名叫Wilson的人。
9.解析: 本题考查名词词义,答案为obstacle。
10.解析: 本题考查名词所有格,第一空应用复数girls,对应所有格形式
为girls'。第二空答案为Tom's。
11.解析: 本题考查名词词义,答案为competence,填入ability也可以。
12 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。空格表示“一种生命的形式”,应填不定
冠词a。
13 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。第一空表示“一个寒冷的冬夜”,应用不
定冠词a修饰;第二空表示“夜空”,指独一无二的事物时用定冠词the。
14 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。第一空和前面表示“四个半”,应用four
and a half;第二空和break构成短语a break,表示“休息一会儿”。
15 .解析: 本 题 考 查 冠 词 用 法 。 第 一 空 前 后 表 示 “ 获 得 独 立 ” ,
independence为抽象名词,前面不加任何冠词;第二空表示“在一个长期的斗争
之后”,用不定冠词a。
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16 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。第一空和后面构成短语a preference for,
表示“对……的偏好”;at an early age为固定短语,意为“在年纪很小时”,故分
别填入a和an。
17 .解析: 本题考查冠词用法。第一空后的news带有that引导的同位语从
句,故应该填表特指的the;第二空前后要表达的意思为“需要做一个手术”,故
应使用不定冠词an。
18 .解析: 第一空特指“已经画完的画”,表特指应填入the;第二空考查
介词短语with satisfaction(满意地),在此短语中satisfaction前不用任何冠词。
20 .解析: 第一空应填入定冠词the,用在表示国家的名词前;第二个也
应填入定冠词the,用在形容词最高级前。
Section 2
1 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。分析四个选项:saying谚语;question
问题;suggestion建议;account账户。句意为“——如果你没有足够的钱买新的
汽车,为什么不先买一辆二手车呢?——这是一个很好的建议。”根据第一句
话中的Why not…?可知是在提出建议,所以答案选C。
2 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。分析四个选项:feature特点,特征;
plan计划;cost成本,费用;trick戏法,把戏;窍门,诀窍。句意为“——你能
告诉我做出如此可口的蛋糕的窍门吗?——哦,我只是按照食谱上的说明方
法。”根据句意可知前者询问的是做蛋糕的窍门,所以答案选D。
3 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知,以都市青年为视角的
诗往往会展示出他们对缺乏归宿感的一种焦虑,所以答案选A。
4 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知二氧化碳在太阳和我们
之间制造了一个屏障,所以答案选D。
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5 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。短语take a turn for the better意为“(情
况等)好转”,所以答案选C。
6 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句意可知,每当我犯错的时候,
老师都耐心地帮我指出来,所以答案选D。
8 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。分析四个选项:worth值得;supply供
给;package包裹;list清单。根据句意可知,随着世界人口不断上升,食物的
供给越来越得到关注,所以答案选B。
9 .解析: 本题考查名词词义辨析。句意为“当杰克走到前门时,看到了
一个奇怪的景象。”其中the front door特指杰克走向的门,a strange sight则是泛
指,不定冠词a用于首次出现的事物前,所以答案选D。
11 .解析: 句意为“专家们认为最近发现的油画可能是一幅毕加索的作
品。”the painting特指最近发现的油画;a Picasso是指a Picasso's painting,即毕
加索的一幅作品,a在这里有one的含义。因此选D。
12 .解析: 句意为“校长彼得·司宾斯告诉我们:‘我校五分之一的学生将
到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。’”headmaster意为“校长”,职务前面不加冠
词;a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。
13 .解析: 句意为“在沟通当中,微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明
显特征。”a用在可数名词sign前,泛指一类事物;friendly and open是并列关
系,共同修饰attitude。因此选C。
14 .解析: 前一句句意为“据说约翰将会有一份年薪超过6万美金的工
作。”表时间的单位“每年”前面用冠词a。后一句句意为“没错,他也将会按周
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得到薪水。”by后面接具体的计量方式时用定冠词the。因此选B。
15 .解析: 句意为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部,就会有更好的视
野。”表示“某空间内部的前部”时,front前要加定冠词the,have a good view是
惯用搭配,意为“视野开阔,视野良好”,此处把good替换为better;所以C项正
确。
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第14讲 介词 [学习建议:第22天完成]
Part A [一目了然超级记忆]
问: 历年高考中,介词有哪些考点?
答: 介词的用法颇为复杂和灵活,很多介词都有十几种用法。本书将重
点介绍六大类常考介词在高考中的用法,分别是表时间、地点、方向、位置、
手段以及表“除……以外”的介词,同时也会介绍其他一些常考的介词。同学
们在平常的阅读和学习中也要不断积累介词的相关用法。请看超级记忆导图:
Part B [妙思仁心考点详解]
:六大类常考介词
Section 1
364
高考考点一: 表示“时间”的介词
问: 介词at,in和on在表示“时间”时,常考的区别是什么?
答: 三者的区别如下:
at通常接某个时间点,如几点几分、天明、中午、日出、日落等。如:
at noon(中午),at sunrise(日出),at twelve o'clock(十二点)
in通常接较长的时间段,如年、月、上下午、晚上、季节、世纪等。
如:in spring(春季),in the morning(早晨),in the 21st century(21世
纪)
温馨提示:
1.在this,that,last,next,some,every等词之前通常不再用介词。
如:next Sunday,this morning,every week等。
2.“in+时间段”表示“将来的一段时间以后”,用在将来时态中。如:
My mother will come back in three or four days.
高考考点二: 表示“地点”的介词
问: 介词at,in和on在表示“地点”时,常考的区别是什么?
答: 在上述几个介词中,at通常指小的地点,如at the crossroads(在
十字路口);in表示较大的地方或大的空间范围之内,如in China(在中
国);on通常指相邻的或接触的面或线上的地点,如on the rope(在绳子
上)。
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经典例句
At what time did you arrive at the station?你是几点钟到火车站的?
温馨提示:
at+门牌号,on+路名,in/on+街
高考考点三: 表示“运动方向”的介词
A:across,through,by,past
问: across,through,by,past在表示“穿过”时,区别是什么?
答: 在上述几个介词中,across表示横过,即从物体表面通过;through
表示穿过,即从物体内部穿过;by表示从某物或某人旁边经过;past则表示路
过,与by的意思较为接近。
经典例句
He walked across the road.他横穿过了这条马路。
温馨提示:
through还可以表“时间”,如through the winter(整个冬季)。
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B:along,up,down
问: 介词along,up,down在表示“沿着”时,常考的区别是什么?
答: 三者都有“沿着”之意,但along表示“沿着”时强调从一端到另一
端;up特别强调“由下而上”或“逆流而上”;down特别强调“由上而下”或
“顺流而下”。
经典例句
I am walking along the river.我正沿着河边走着。
温馨提示:
1.从乡下到城市、从南方到北方、从沿海到内陆、从市区到宅区用
up。如:He went up north for summer.他到北方避暑。
2.从城市到乡下、从北方到南方、从内陆到沿海、从宅区到市区用
down。如:She went down south for winter.她到南方过冬。
高考考点四: 表示“方位、位置”的介词
A:above,over,on表示“在……上”;below,under表示“在……下”
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经典例句
A bird flew above my head.一只鸟在我头上方飞过。
答: 二者的区别如下:
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二者都有“在……前面”之意,但in front of表示“在……外部的前面”,而
in the front of表示“在……内部的前面”。
经典例句
He likes sitting in the front of the car.他坐车时喜欢坐在前面。
C:表示“方位”的介词in,to和on
问: 表示“方位”的介词in,to和on的区别是什么?
答: 三者的区别如下:
in表示在某一地域之内(属于该范围);to表示在某一地域地区之外
(不属于该范围);on表示与某地相邻接壤的关系。如:
温馨提示:
注意对比上文中表示“地点”的介词at、in和on的用法区别。
D:between,among
问: 表示“在……之间”的介词between和among的区别是什么?
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答: 二者的区别如下:
在标准英语中,一般用between表示“两者之间”,用among表示“三者或
三者以上之间”。
经典例句
Keep the secret between the two of us.这个秘密只限你我知道。
温馨提示:
在现代英语中,between有时也可用于三个以上的事物,但强调的还是
三者当中每两者之间的关系。如:
瑞士位于法国、意大利、奥地利和德国之间。
高考考点五: 表示“通过某方法或手段”的介词
问: 介词by,with和in表示“通过某方法或手段”时,常考的区别是什
么?
370
经典例句
We see things with our eyes.我们用眼睛看东西。
温馨提示:
with除了表示“用……工具”外,常考的用法主要是做伴随状语。如:
高考考点六: 表示“除……以外”的介词
A:besides,but,except,apart from
问: besides,but,except和apart from的区别是什么?
答: 上述几个介词的具体区别如下:
besides意为“除……之外(还有)”,表示包括在内。
except和but意为“除……之外”,表示不包括在内。
apart from表示“除了”时,根据句意可以替换成besides,except或except
for。
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经典例句
What do you want besides this?除了这个,你还要什么?
温馨提示:
beside意为“在……旁边”,如:He sat beside me.他坐在了我旁边。
B:except和except for
问: except和except for的区别是什么?
答: except for意为“除了……外”,它强调从整体中排除一部分,前
后一般是不同类的事物 ,而except主要是指同类事物 中的排除。但也有些语
• • • • • • • • • •
法学者认为两者的区别在如今已经不是那么明显了。
经典例句
除了星期天外,我抽不出任何时间。
除了有几处拼写错误之外,你的作文写得很好。
Section 2 :其他常考介词
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高考考点七: 其他常考介词的用法列表
against 1.反对;2.靠,倚;3.碰(撞)在……
for 1.赞成;2.因为;3.给予;4.适合;5.向,朝
经典例句
He leaned against the wall.他靠着墙站着。
about 表“关于”时常用于比较通俗的话题
on 表“关于”时多与知识和学术方面的词连用
within 表“在……之内”
without 表“没有”
经典例句
They are divided in the opinions about it.他们对于这件事情的看法有分
歧。
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I'll be back within two hours.我将在两个小时内回来。
off 表“离开;戒除”
beyond 表“超出,超过”
out of 表“从……出来”
经典例句
Keep off the grass.勿踏草地。
Part C [历年真题精讲精练]
Section 1 : 高考原句填空
1 . Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _____ half an
hour(半小时后 ).[北京卷 ]
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4.The Scottish girl _____(有着 )blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth
Chinese Speech Contest.[陕西卷 ]
7.Some people choose jobs for other reasons _____(除了 )money these
days.[全国卷 ]
10.It was a real race _____ time(与时间的赛跑 ) to get the project done.
Luckily,we made it.[全国卷 ]
11.Sean has formed the habit of jogging _____(沿着 )the tree-lined avenue
for two hours every day.[上海卷 ]
12.Tired,Jim was fast asleep with his back _____(靠着 )a big tree.[四
川卷 ]
14.A great man shows his greatness _____(通过 )the way he treats little
men.[福建卷 ]
15.I like Mr.Miner's speech;it was clear and _____ the point(切中要点
).[辽宁卷 ]
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Section 2 :高考经典真题
1.The dictionary is what I want,but I don't have enough money _____ me.
[重庆卷 ]
A.by
B.for
C.in
D.with
2._____ the silence of the pauses,we could hear each other's breathing and
could almost hear our own heartbeats.[湖南卷 ]
A.In
B.For
C.Under
D.Between
3.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _____ the
tough years.[上海卷 ]
A.through
B.up
C.with
D.from
A.of
B.as
C.by
D.with
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5 . Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden ? They are _____
everyone's enjoyment.[北京卷 ]
A.in
B.at
C.for
D.to
6.I always wanted to do the job which I'd been trained _____.[浙江卷 ]
A.on
B.for
C.by
D.of
A.Far from
B.Apart from
C.Instead of
D.Regardless of
8.The house was too expensive and too big._____,I'd grown fond of our
little rented house.[江西卷 ]
A.Besides
B.Therefore
C.Somehow
D.Otherwise
A.on
B.for
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C.about
D.with
10.If you really have to leave during the meeting,you'd better leave _____
the back door.[北京卷 ]
A.for
B.by
C.across
D.out
11.The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way,_____ little
foreign ownership.[北京卷 ]
A.by
B.of
C.with
D.from
12.Nick,it's good for you to read some books _____ China before you start
your trip there.[四川卷 ]
A.in
B.for
C.of
D.on
13 . Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like _____
working here.[全国卷 ]
A.with
B.over
C.at
D.about
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14.You have no idea how she finished the relay race _____ her foot wounded
so much.[福建卷 ]
A.for
B.when
C.with
D.while
A.against
B.for
C.to
D.with
16.The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place _____ the main road at the far end
of the lake.[辽宁卷 ]
A.to
B.for
C.off
D.out
历年真题答案详解
Section 1
1 .解析: 本句句意为“简很匆忙,因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出
发了。”考查in+时间段,表示一段时间后,故答案为in。
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3 .解析: 本句句意为“没有人帮助我,全靠我自己。”考查介词by,by
oneself是固定搭配,表示“靠自己”。
4 .解析: 本句句意为“那个有着蓝色眼睛的苏格兰姑娘赢得了第五届中
国汉语演讲比赛的冠军。”考查介词with,表“长有,带有”。
5 .解析: 本句句意为“这款新型汽车非常贵,超出了中等收入人群的购
买能力。”答案为beyond,beyond the reach of是固定搭配,表示“超出……的
(能力)范围”。
6 .解析: 本句句意为“我们的见面不是计划好的,我们是偶遇。”此处考
查介词短语by chance,意为“偶然地”。
7 .解析: 此题考查介词的用法。besides表示“除……之外(还包括)”;
except表示“除……之外(不包括)”,根据句意,金钱也应该是其中的一个原
因,故填besides。
8 .解析: 本句句意为“不具备一些数学知识,精研物理是不可能的”,这
里需要填入介词without。
9 .解析: 本句句意为“这是一所初中,你应该去适合你年纪的女子高
中。”答案为for,表示“适于”。
10 .解析: 空格所在句句意为“为了完成项目,必须真正与时间赛跑。”
答案为against,race against time表示“与时间赛跑”。
11 .解析: 本句句意为“肖恩已经养成了每天沿着林荫大道慢跑两小时的
习惯。”答案为along,表示“沿着”。
12 .解析: 本句句意为“吉姆很疲惫,靠着一棵大树就睡熟了。”答案为
against,表示“倚着,靠”。
13 .解析: 本句句意为“他是一名好学生,大多数科目的分数都高于平均
分。”答案为above,above average是固定搭配,表示“高于平均数”。
380
14 .解析: 本句句意为“伟人通过自己对待小人物的方式来展示自己的伟
大。”答案为by,表示“通过……方式”。
15 .解析: 本句句意为“我喜欢迈纳先生的演讲,逻辑清晰且切中要
点。”答案为to,to the point为固定搭配,表示“切中要点”。
Section 2
2 .解析: 此题考查介词辨析。in表示“在……中”;for表示“因为,由
于”;under表示“在……下面”;between表示“在……之间”。四个选项中,只有
in最符合句意,代入后句意为“在停顿的寂静中,我们能听到对方的呼吸,甚
至能听到我们自己的心跳声。”故答案为A。
3 .解析: 本题考查介词的用法。through表示“成功地度过”,该句句意为
“毕业典礼是一个向那些曾经帮助你度过困难时期的人表达谢意的好时机。”
4 .解析: 本句句意为“如今一些医院以名字来叫病人,而不是以病历
号。”by表方式,by name表“以名字的方式”。of表示所属关系;as表示“作
为”;with表示“用”,后面加所用的工具。故答案为C。
6 .解析: 本题考查介词用法。for表示目的,意为“为了……”,代入题干
符合句意,即:我经常想要做我之前为之受过培训的工作。
381
of意为“不管,不顾”。该句句意为“除了优质的服务外,这个饭店提供了不同种
类的传统的福建菜。”
8 .解析: 本句句意为“这个房子太贵太大。_____,我已经对我们的小出
租屋越来越喜欢了。”根据句意判断,前后两句为并列关系。besides“除……之
外(还有 )”,表并列;therefore“因此”,表因果;somehow“无论如何”,表转
折;otherwise“除此之外”,表转折。故正确答案为A。
10 .解析: 本题答案为B。by在此表示“通过”;for表示原因,此处显然不
通,如果将leave for看作整体的话,意为“离开某地去后门”,也不正确;across
是“穿过”的意思,强调穿过街道或者十字路口这类地方;out后面加of才能接名
词,如果不加of则形成短语leave out,意为“遗漏”。
11 .解析: 本题考查with表示伴随的用法,意为“拥有,带有”。该句句意
为“该地的酿酒工业以一种特殊的方式得到了发展,几乎没有国外的所有权。”
13 .解析: 本题考查介词的用法。about是“关于”的意思,符合句意。该
句 可 以 简 化 为 : What I like about working here are modern equipment and no
smoking.“现代的设备和无烟场所是我喜欢在这里工作的两个原因。”
14 .解析: 本题选介词with,表示她是在受伤的状况下完成的比赛,表示
一种伴随状态。如果选择when,foot后面应该加上谓语动词was,构成一个完
整的句子。
15 .解析: 本句句意为“协议似乎不可能达成,因为大多数委员会成员都
_____它。”结合四个选项,只有against符合逻辑,意为“反对”。故答案为A。
16 .解析: 本句句意为“Well宾馆坐落在一个安静的地方,在湖的尽头,
与主干街道_____。”结合四个选项,只有off符合题意,表示“与……隔着一定
382
的距离,在……之外”。故答案为C。
383
384
第二部分 高考改错技巧
无敌精讲
385
386
高考英语改错考点图解
问: 历年改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 改错考点主要有三大类,都和语法息息相关。一类是词法错误,另
一类是句法错误,还有一类是逻辑与固定搭配错误。每一类错误里面又有具体
的细分。请看高考改错考点图解。
387
388
历年改错技巧精讲(上) [学习建议:第23天完成]
Part A [妙思仁心指点]
Section 1 :词法错误
高考考点一: 名词错误
问: 名词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 名词改错的考点主要有两类:1.不可数名词误用为可数名词;2.
可数名词的单复数问题,这类错误通常是把单数误用为复数,或者把复数误用
为单数。错误的形式主要是多了冠词或s/es或者少了冠词或s/es。
高考真题再现
1.Christie was one of my best friend at high school.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: gentleman前加a,因为gentleman在本句中是可数名词单
数。
3.He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write
like a real writer.[全国卷]
389
温馨讲解: advices改成advice,因为advice是不可数名词。
高考考点二: 形容词和副词错误
问: 形容词和副词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 形容词和副词改错的考点主要有两类:1.形容词和副词的混淆,如
修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词等;2.原级、比较级、最高级
的混淆,如as…as结构等。
高考真题再现
1.There was Uncle Chen,a gentleman living near my house,who was a
very much famous writer.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: helplessly改成helpless。此处是形容词与副词混淆,注意
lonely为形容词,helpless与前面的lonely构成平行结构。以-ly结尾的单词不
一定是副词,又如:friendly,lovely。
3.I also liked the fishing trip.It was such much fun.[辽宁卷]
温馨讲解: such改成so。此处such与so混淆,so修饰形容词或副词,而
such通常修饰名词。注意:如果名词前有修饰词much/many/little/few时,则
需用so来修饰。如so little information,so much time等。
390
温馨讲解: harder改成hard。此处是原级与比较级混淆,因上文提到是
第一次工作,所以hard无需用比较级。
温馨讲解: more改成most。此处是比较级与最高级混淆,根据后面所
提到的in our school可知,我的老师在学校里是最受欢迎的,所以要用最高
级。
高考考点三: 代词错误
问: 代词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 代词改错的考点主要有三类:1.前后指代一致错误;2.代词的单
复数错误;3.主格、宾格、所有格、反身代词等的转换错误;4.少代词和多
代词的错误。
高考真题再现
1.Last year,she decided to study abroad.Before her leaving,I prepared
a gift to show my best whishes to him.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: him改成her。此处是前后指代不一致,因为上文提到了she
和her。
温馨讲解: them改成it。此处考查代词单复数的用法,由上文“Nang
is…”可看出,后文要用单数。
391
3 . Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to
express me in simple English.[全国卷]
高考考点四: 谓语动词错误(时态和语态错误)
问: 谓语动词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 谓语动词改错的考点主要涉及三类:1.语态主要涉及主动和被动;
2.时态主要涉及现在与过去的时间背景区别,其命题方式通常是在一个一般
现在时的背景下误用某个一般过去时,或者在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某
个一般现在时。另外,也要注意现在完成时和过去完成时的混淆。从所涉及的
动词来看,主要涉及be动词和have两个常用动词;3.动词的主谓一致问题。
高考真题再现
1.However,my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back
last Saturday afternoon.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: fly改成flew。此题考查动词的时态,由后文中的时间状语
last Saturday afternoon可知该句应采用一般过去时。
温馨讲解: are改成is,因为information是不可数名词。
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3 . As we climbed the mountain , we fed monkeys , visiting temples and
told stories.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: visiting改成visited,因为此处visited和climbed,fed,told构
成并列结构,作句子的谓语。
4 . I will write again and send you the photos we take together . [ 全 国
卷]
温馨讲解: take改成took。此处句意为把相片寄给你,所以照片肯定是
过去拍的,应用过去时。
温馨讲解: destroying改成destroyed。因为destroy和values之间是动宾关
系,所以此处要用被动语态。destroy value(s)意为“破坏(或摧毁)价
值”。
温馨讲解: Having改成Have,本句是并列的祈使句,have和see应该保
持词形一致。
7.By the end of last year,my collection has grown to 3,000 words.
[全国卷]
Part B [历年真题事半功倍]
高考改错真题训练
393
1.It was a great achievement for myself.[重庆卷 ]
5 . There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person
information for bad purposes.[全国卷 ]
6.I often dream of being a teacher,I dream of standing on the platform in the
classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls.[湖北卷 ]
7.Then,I put my book under my desk,opening it and started looking for the
answers.[湖南卷 ]
8.We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the English Club.
[福建卷 ]
11.Although these few words sound simple enough,they have clear pointed
out one of the causes of the population explosion.[广东卷 ]
12.What is more,you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care
of him.[湖北卷 ]
13.He told me that I would probably had a heart attack unless I started eating
less.[广东卷 ]
394
14.We're leaving for our hometowns to spend the winter vacations.[山 东
卷]
25.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a
child,they will go hungry.[广东卷 ]
28.When I was four years old,I got ill.I took medicine twice a day.The
medicine had so a bitter taste that I took it mixed in orange juice.[天津卷 ]
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29.It is so a beautiful place![福建卷 ]
30 . You can live in the school or near the school . They have all sorts of
course.[陕西卷 ]
31.In summer,the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.[重庆
卷]
32.Some students may also save up for our college or future use.[全国卷
]
高考改错真题训练答案详解
1 .解析: myself改成me,此处处于介词for的后面,应该用“我”的宾格形
式。
2.解析: Knowledges改成Knowledge,因为knowledge常为不可数名词。
3.解析: swimming改成swim,此处swim和play及go构成并列谓语。
4.解析: quietly改成quiet,此处是形容词和副词混淆,quiet与shy构成平
行结构。
5 .解析: person改成personal,此处是形容词和名词混淆,information是
名词,应用形容词修饰。
8.解析: weekend改成weekends,考查名词单复数,由several可知,此处
用名词复数。
396
10 .解析: was改成is,因为此处在讲勤工俭学的好处,上下文时态为一
般现在时。
11 .解析: clear改成clearly,此处是形容词误用,clearly在句中作状语,
修饰动词pointed out。
12 .解析: him改成them,此处前后指代不一致,前面在讲pupils,所以
后面也应该用复数宾格。
13.解析: had改为have,因为would后接动词原形。
14 .解析: vacations改成vacation,考查名词单复数,这里特指“这个寒
假”。
15 .解析: have改成had,从上文“我那时是一名高中生”可知,讲述的是
过去的事,所以句子时态应该用一般过去时。
16 .解析: interests改成interest,interest作“兴趣”讲时,是不可数名词,
have interest in表示“对……感兴趣”。
17 .解析: not改成no。此处not与no混淆:not是副词,不能修饰名词,而
no为形容词,可以修饰名词。注意:have no interest in相当于be not interested
in,表示“对……不感兴趣”。
18 .解析: admitting改为admitted,从句意看,是“我被大学录取了”,故
用被动语态。
20 .解析: need改为needed,从句意看,此处是指“所有被需要的是”,故
用被动语态。
21 .解析: are改成is,此处为倒装结构,谓语应与主语保持一致,而主
语information为不可数名词,故谓语应用单数形式。
397
22 .解析: terribly改成terrible,此处形容词和副词混淆,形容词terrible在
句中做表语。
23 .解析: it改成them。此处前后指代不一致,前面在讲words,所以后
面也应该用复数宾格。
25 .解析: they改成he。此处前后指代不一致,前面主语为he,所以后面
也应该用单数主语。
26 .解析: serious改成seriously,此处形容词和副词混淆,seriously在句
中作状语,修饰动词looked。
27.解析: 去掉a,因为progress是不可数名词。
28 .解析: so改成such。此处such与so混淆,so修饰形容词或副词,而
such通常修饰名词,本题中such修饰名词taste。
29.解析: so改成such,因为此处such修饰名词place。
30.解析: course改成courses,本题考查名词单复数。all sorts of后接名词
复数。
31.解析: skies改成sky,因为天空只有一个。
32 .解析: our 改 成 their , 本 题 考 查 前 后 指 代 一 致 。 前 面 在 讲 Some
students,所以后面应该用their(他们的)。
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399
历年改错技巧精讲(下) [学习建议:第24天完成]
Part A [妙思仁心指点]
高考考点五: 非谓语动词错误
问: 非谓语动词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 非谓语动词改错的考点主要涉及三类:1.非谓语动词的主动和被
动,主要以-ing/-ed的转换为主;2.谓语动词和非谓语动词的辨析;3.动词
不定式to与介词to的辨析,以及多to和少to的错误。
高考真题再现
1.He agreed to reading my story and give me some advice on how to write
like a real writer.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: allow改为allows,因为动名词作主语时谓语动词常为单
数。
400
4 . You have to stop eat too much even though you are always hungry .
[广东卷]
6.I knocked at the door and was delighting when a pleasant old man opened
the door.[江西卷]
温馨讲解: delight改成delighted。delight有两种形容词形式,一种是
delighted,表示“某人感到欣喜的、高兴的”,如:He was delighted to accept
the invitation.另一种形容词形式是delightful,表示“令人愉快的”,强调令人
高 兴 和 愉 快 的 , 如 : That's a delightful party . 英 语 中 一 般 不 使 用 形 容 词
delighting。
7.After autumn arrives,the city looks like an old man with leaves fallen
from the trees.[重庆卷]
温馨讲解: 考查非谓语动词作后置定语,因为叶子是主动掉下来的,
不是被掉下来的,所以要将fallen改成falling。
8.The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was
coming down.[全国卷]
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Section 2 :句法错误
高考考点六: 从句错误
问: 从句改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 从句改错的考点主要是引导词的误用或缺失,涉及名词性从句、定
语从句、状语从句以及强调句等特殊句式的引导词。
高考真题再现
1.It has been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.
[全国卷]
温馨讲解: where改为which,因为此处是关系代词充当主语。
3 . I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the
pillow.[全国卷]
402
5 . Because so much viewing , children may not develop the habit of
reading.[北京卷]
Section 3 :逻辑与固定搭配错误
高考考点七: 上下文逻辑错误
问: 上下文逻辑矛盾错误的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 逻辑错误的考查主要有两类:1.表示上下文并列、转折、选择、因
果等逻辑关系的连词的考查,主要涉及and、but、or、so等词。2.上下文的
肯定与否定逻辑关系的考查,也就是not问题。
高考真题再现
1 . Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as they
please.They would have to ask their parents for money.[全国卷]
温馨讲解: 根据句意“自己赚钱使他们可以按照自己的意愿花钱。他们
不 必 再 向 父 母 要 钱 花 了 ” 可 知 , 应 在 would 后 加 not , 或 将 would 改 成
wouldn't。
403
温馨讲解: 根据句意将or改为and,表承接和并列。
3.Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play.[湖北卷]
温馨讲解: 根据句意“不是所有人都喜欢工作,但是每个人都喜欢玩
乐”可知,应将and改成but。
4.My hometown is a pretty city,so people there are kind and polite.[重
庆卷]
温馨讲解: 根据句意“我的家乡是一座漂亮的城市,那里的人们都很善
良且懂礼貌”可知,前后两个分句之间并无因果关系,所以应把so改成and,
表示并列。
高考考点八: 固定搭配和易混词辨析错误
问: 固定搭配和易混词改错的常考点主要有哪些?
答: 固定搭配改错的考点多以介词的误用与介词的缺失为主,往往涉及
固定搭配问题。而易混词改错的考点主要是以形近词的误用为主。
另外,英语中有很多常用的固定短语搭配,这些短语搭配很难在短时间内
全部记住,考生要在平时的学习中经常翻阅,并加以记忆,逐步积累。高考常
考的固定搭配详见本书附录“历年高考常考动词短语汇总”。
高考真题再现
1.Last year,she decided to study abroad.In other words,we would be
separated for a long time.Before her leaving off,I prepared a gift to show my
best wishes to her.From then on,we've kept touch with each other through e-
mails.[全国卷]
温馨讲解:
404
① 去掉leaving后面的off。leave即表示离开之意,off是多余的。
3.Though great progress has been made in science these years,there are
still many people living in poor conditions.They make their lives by collecting
and selling used things.[广东卷]
4.we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.[全国卷]
5 . Holiday and birthday postcards from relatives and letters from friends
can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.[浙江卷]
6.I hope you will come to China again sometimes in the future.[全国
卷]
405
温馨讲解: 本处考查sometimes与sometime的区别。此处将sometimes改
成sometime。
注意以下四个词的写法与词义差别:
sometimes 有时候
some times 几次
sometime 在某个时候
改错题型的整体解题步骤
第一遍:了解大意,初步修改
先把文章浏览一遍,弄清文章的整体脉络,把握文章所采用的整体时
态、人称和数。并把短文中明显的错误如名词、形容词、副词等进行初步
修改。
第二遍:逐句分析,各个击破
第二遍非常重要,考生在把握文章中心思想的基础上,对文章进行逐
句研究,从词法、句法、上下文的逻辑以及固定搭配这四个方面进行仔细
地推敲,把错误之处一一改正过来。
第三遍:复读全文,检查遗漏
在改完第二遍后,文章中的多数错误应该已经改完,还剩下个别较难
的或较隐蔽的错误,在第三遍中可结合剩余考点,再进行整体和逐句的最
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后排查。
Part B [历年真题事半功倍]
高考改错真题训练
1.Besides,I have few friends.I don't know that they don't like to talk with
me.[全国卷 ]
2.In other words,they help to keep people strong and feel good.[湖北卷
]
3.I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.[天
津卷 ]
6.It has been five years when we graduated,but those memories are as sweet
as ever before.[天津卷 ]
8 . My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most
delicious dishes.[江苏卷 ]
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11 . I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw
the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.[辽宁卷 ]
12 . We liked the dishes you had cooked but we were happy to learn the
English songs you taught us.[山东卷 ]
13.I would come back from school,and then sit for an hour and two.[重
庆卷 ]
15 . I'll also do plenty of exercise , which won't give me any harm either .
[广东卷 ]
16.I have a good friend who's name is Liu Mei.She is our monitor and one
of the excellent students in our class.[福建卷 ]
19.I decided walk around a little before accepting I'd have to spend the night
in the car.[江西卷 ]
21.In some places you may borrow as many books as you need,but in others
you are limited in a certain number of books.[安徽卷 ]
22.I may just listen to music.I have some records giving to me as birthday
gifts.[全国卷 ]
23.They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the
morning.[全国卷 ]
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24.You can watch your stars while enjoying your favorite music.So then,a
concert costs so much.[全国卷 ]
27.You may keep the books for several weeks so as you can have enough time
to finish them.[安徽卷 ]
28.My grades improved.I became very active but made new friends.[天
津卷 ]
29.Starting your collection of stamps are easy because they are everywhere.
[浙江卷 ]
30 . Most public libraries also have a reading-room , that you can sit at the
desk and read the daily newspapers.[安徽卷 ]
高考改错真题训练答案详解
1 .解析: 引导词错误,将that改成why。句意为“另外,我几乎没有朋
友。我不知道他们为什么不喜欢和我交谈。”
5 .解析: 根据句意“我教他们,和他们一起游戏,并且看着他们一天天
长大”可知,应将but改为and,因为teach,play与watch是并列关系,而不是转
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折关系。
7 .解析: 将excited改成exciting。修饰人的时候,我们常用-ed形式,表
示“感到……的”;而修饰事或物时常用-ing形式,表示“令人……的”。又如:
an interesting book,a surprising news等。
8 .解析: 根据句意“我奶奶是世界上最棒的厨师,而且能做出最美味的
菜肴”可知,应将but改成and,表示递进关系。
11 .解析: 考查动名词作宾语。saw改成seeing,因为seeing和driving都为
enjoy的并列宾语。
12 .解析: 根据句意“我们都喜欢你做的菜,也非常开心地学你教我们的
英文歌”可知,前后两个分句是并列关系,所以将but改成and。
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17.解析: make改为makes,因为动名词作主语时谓语动词常为单数。
18 .解析: 引导词错误,将while改成unless。句意为“除非我开始少吃
点,否则我有可能患上心脏疾病”。后面为条件状语从句。
22 .解析: 根据句意“我有一些被作为生日礼物赠给我的唱片”可知,
records和give是被动关系,所以将giving改成given。注意-ing/-ed分词作后置定
语时,-ing分词常表主动意义,-ed分词常表被动意义。
23.解析: 引导词错误,将that去掉,因为已经有because来引导从句。
24.解析: 根据句意“你可以一边观看明星一边欣赏最喜欢的音乐。但另
一方面,一场演唱会的花费很高”可知,前后两句话是转折关系,所以将So改
成But。
25 .解析: 根据句意“到那时,我的课就上完了,我就可以到那儿接你
了”可知,前后两个分句是递进关系,所以将or改成and。
29 .解析: are改为is,因为动名词作主语时谓语动词常为单数。
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30 .解析: 引导词错误,将that改成where,非限定性定语从句不用that引
导,而此句中要指代前面的reading-room并充当状语成分,所以要用where引
导。
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413
第三部分 历年高考真题
精练
414
415
一、历年高考语法填空真
题精练
PART A
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法要求和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处
填入适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(一)全国卷
(二)全国卷
Yangshuo ,China
It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.
But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ,I'd been at home in Hong Kong,with
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3 (it)choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin , a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone
mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so
many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead,I'd head straight for Yangshuo.For
those who fly to Guilin,it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery
of the better-known city.
(三)广东卷
Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned 1
farm, which looked almost abandoned. 2 ( lucky ) , he also had a cow
which produced milk every day . He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the
towns nearly 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what
4 (leave).The cow was their only means of support,in fact.One day,
the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts
to run away,she 6 (fall)over the hill and died.Then the Johnson tried to
make a living 7 the cow.In order to support his family,Mr.Johnson began
to plant herbs and vegetables . Since the plants took a while to grow , he started
cutting down trees 8 ( sell ) the wood . Thinking about his children's
clothes , he started growing cotton too . When harvest came around , he was
already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the
town met regularly.Now it occurred to 10 that his farm had much potential
and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
(四)湖南卷
417
Research has become both simpler and more complex . It's simpler
because, 1 you have a computer,you can find information you need by sear-
ching the Internet.For all your information,you don't have to go to 2 library
to find the relevant resource and take notes on it . Instead , you can find some
sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember,however,
that you should usually consult different types of sources . That is , you 4
always rely just on the Internet for you research.
(五)上海卷
My local supermarket is always busy . The first parking space I found was
convenient,but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. 1 I was
in a good mood,I let her have it.On the edge of the car park I backed into the next
available spot—it was a tight fit.
Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh
air . Feeling good , I 2 ( empty ) my purse change into the hands of a
homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.
Just as I approached my car , I saw the woman I'd let have my car spot
earlier . She was giving me 3 odd look—half puzzled , half intent ( 热 切
的).I smiled and wished her a pleasant day.As I squeezed back into my car,I
saw the same lady 4 (look)in at me.“Hello,” she said,hesitantly.“This
5 sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at
the charity bins . You are just so much 6 her . You helped those people , I
noticed,and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a
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box in through the window . “I think she would like you to have it . ” 7
(shock),I took it from her automatically.She smiled and walked away.
After a pause,I opened the box.Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a
large grey pearl.It was 8 (nice)gift I'd ever received,and it was from a
complete stranger.The necklace was around my neck,a warm reminder of human
kindness.
(六)上海卷
419
Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so
much trouble!
(七)福建卷
The(3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is
very important.
Imagine you are a student and you share a flat(4)_____ another student who
you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say,“Look,you never do
your share of the housework.(5)_____ are you going to do about it?”,the
discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more(6)_____(有帮
助)to say something like,“I think we had(7)b_____ have another look about
how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”
PART B
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法要求和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处
填入适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(一)全国卷
420
In 1969 , the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland ,
Ohio.It 1 (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river
was so polluted that it 2 ( actual ) caught fire and burned . Now , years
later , this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental
cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took
years of work 5 ( reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water .
Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean)
than ever.
(二)福建卷
Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not,want not.” None of us,
(1)h_____,can completely avoid waste in our lives.
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We must keep reminding ( 7 ) _____ ( 自 己 ) that it is easier to get into
something(8)____it is to get out of it.Actually,severe damage(9)d _____
to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us to(10)
_____ no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.
We can't solve all the problems of waste,but we can encourage mindfulness.
Waste not!
(三)广东卷
After our plane landed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reser-vation
six months 2 (early),but the man at the front desk said there had been a
mistake.We 3 (tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week,
4 for the week after.I didn't understand 5 this would happen and my credit
card has already been charged 6 the reservation.What's worse,the hotel had
been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do,the manager came out.
She was 7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a
spare VIP room on 8 top floor . We had never stayed in such an amazing
room,and we weren't charged extra.
The next day , my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some
people play volleyball.We got a little 10 (sunburn),but the day had been
so relaxing that we didn't mind.
(四)湖南卷
We can choose our friends , but usually we cannot choose our neighbors .
However,to get a happy home life,we have to get along with 1 as well as
possible.
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An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .People should
not do things 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily . For example ,
television sets need not be played at full volume ( 音 量 ) 4 loud pop music
should not be played very late at night . By avoiding things likely to upset your
neighbors,you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them.
(五)辽宁卷
Jonny: Hey!I'm just practicing Tai Chi(太极).Would you like to join me?
Peter: I know nothing about it.Is it difficult?
Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice . You just follow me like
this.
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Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight
back.The 8 (hard)you try to beat him,the more likely you will get hit.
He controls you!
(六)上海卷
After graduation from university,I had been unable to secure a permanent job
in my small town.So I decided to leave home for New York, 1 I might have a
better chance to find a good job . 2 ( earn ) some money to pay the daily
expenses , I started work in a local café as a waiter . I believe that 3 I was
offered a good position,I would resign at once.
Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it .
Apparently,I had difficulty 7 (adapt)myself to life in the city,let alone
finding a job to my delight.After nine months of frustration,I eventually decided
to go back to my small town.Not until I returned 8 I realize that a quiet town
life was the best for me.
(七)上海卷
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Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic
supplies . However , help is now nearer at hand in form of the country's first
automatic push-button shop.Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can
buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in
the village this week.
Peter Fox , who is 1 electrical engineer , spent two and a half years
working on the project.The machine 2 (equip)with securing cameras and
alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front , a grey roof and a display
window.
He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacture who
could deliver what I wanted,so I did it by 4 .The result is what amounts to
huge outdoor vending machine . Yet I think the term‘automatic shop’is far 5
(appropriate).”
PART C
425
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法要求和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处
填入适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(一)广东卷
One day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious
food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he 1 (find)that he has run out of salt.So
Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price
for it:neither too much 2 too little.”
His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much,
Father,but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money?”
Nick's guests, 5 had heard their conversation,asked why they should not
buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied,“The only reason a man would
sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And
anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect
7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”
(二)广东卷
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him . He suddenly appeared in
class one day, 1 (wear)sun glasses.He walked in as if he 2 (buy)
the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
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For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt 3 (please),because
there were many empty seats in the room . But she quickly realized that it wasn't
her,it was probably the fact that she sat in 4 last row.
“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked.The new
boy shook his head.“Then I'd appreciate it if you didn't wear them in class.I like
to look at your eyes when I'm speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher
8 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 9 the boy would do.
Then he took 10 off,gave a big smile and said,“That's cool.”
(三)广东卷
One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival . I left it early
because I had an appointment 1 (late)that day.My friends walked me to the
bus stop and waited with me 2 the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a
seat near the back,and then I noticed a man 3 (sit)at the front.He 4
( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice . He must be 5
(mental)disabled.
Behind him were other people to 6 he was trying to talk,but after some
minutes 7 walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed.
I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn't like leaving him
8 his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the
bus . I sat next to the man and introduced myself . We had 9 amazing
conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way
home.I'm glad I made a choice.It made 10 of us feel good.
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(四)广东卷
After the student left,the teacher let 6 student taste the water.He spit it
out, 7 (say)it was awful.Apparently,it was no longer fresh because of
the old leather container.He asked his teacher,“Sir,the water was awful.Why
did you pretend to like 8 ?” The teacher replied,“You tasted the water.I
tasted the gift . The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and
love.Nothing could be 9 (sweet).”
(五)广东卷
Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult
1 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he
was as easy 2 ( please ) as her mother , who was always delighted with
perfume.
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But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 (choose)of ties hardly ever
pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good
quality pipes 7 sale.She did not hesitate for long:although her father smoked
a pipe only once in a while,she knew that this was a present which was bound to
please 8 .
When Jane got home,with her small but well-chosen present in her bag,her
parents were already 9 table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your
father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10 (inform).
(六)广东卷
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people's
daily life. 1 these proverbs there are often interesting stories.For example,
the proverb , “plucking up a crop 2 ( help ) it grow” , is based on the
following story.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960—
1279)was very anxious to help 3 rice crop grow up quickly.He was thinking
about 4 day and night . But the crop was growing much slower than he
expected.
One day,he came up with an idea 5 he would pluck up all of his crop a
few inches.He did so the next day.He was very tired 6 doing this for a whole
day, 7 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 8 (high).His son
heard about this and went to see the crop . Unfortunately the leaves of the crop
began to wither.
(七)广东卷
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I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car
1 (break)down near a remote and poor village.Cursing my misfortune,I
was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the
villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 2 should have the
honor of receiving me 3 a guest in their house.Finally,I accepted the offer of
an old woman who lived alone in a little house.While she was getting me 4
(settle)into a tiny but clean room,the head of the village was tying up his horse
to my car to pull it to 5 small town some 20 kilometers away 6 there was a
garage.
I had noticed three hens running freely in my hostess's courtyard and that night
one of them ended up in a dish on my table . 7 villagers brought me goat's
cheese and honey.We drank together and talked 8 (merry)till far into the
night.
When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village , I
wanted to reward the old woman 9 the trouble I had caused 10 .
PART D
阅读下面各小题,根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
(一)湖北卷
1.If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous,she _____them
for dinner.(pick)
要是知道这些蘑菇有毒,她不会采 来做晚餐了。
2._____ the beef being cooked on the stove,the mother pictured the whole
family having meals together.(look)
看着 炉子上炖着的牛肉,妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。
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3.The director,_____ a dorm-room in the Film Academy,has already make
four films.(share)
这位导演已经执导了四部电影,在电影学院求学时杰克(Jack)与他
同住 在一间寝室。
4 . Into the complete silence of the waiting class _____ , “Good morning ,
children.”(come)
在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音 :“孩子们,早上
好”。
无论她说什么 ,都是不会对我们的安排有影响。
6 . We must act as quickly as possible now . Just tell us _____ the task or
not.(undertake)
现在我们必须采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担 这项任务吧。
7.The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project _____by
the students independently.(finish)
8._____ that they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty.(be)
就是在这个湖里 ,他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。
9 . _____ to only a few people here , his reputation abroad is very great .
(know).
虽然 这里只有几个人知道他 ,但他在国外的名气却很大。
10.Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely
_____ at a very young age.(from).
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许多坏习惯特殊气味难以纠正,因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成
了的 。
(二)湖北卷
为了省钱 ,那所社区学院只好裁员。
2.So far the well-known journalist _____ more than 4,000 interviews with
famous people.(accumulate)
迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积 达四千余人次。
有时候举例也许有助于 解释抽象的概念。
4 . The police will reward _____ useful information to catch the robber .
(provide)
任何人提供 有用信息帮助抓住劫匪,警方将予以奖励。
5 . He's the only student in the class _____ to take part in the Model United
Nations conference.(select)
他是班上唯一被选上去 参加模拟联合国大会的同学。
没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样,对我们的社会、经济以及文化
等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响 。
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7 . You _____ the meeting to tell me that;you could have come to tell me
afterwards.(interrupt)
你不该打断 会议来告诉我那件事,你本可以会后告诉我。
8.This novel was once the _____ book in high schools in the United States.
(read)
这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛 的书。
大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点,许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在
那儿 。
过了好几分钟,我才理解 他说的是什么。
(三)湖北卷
1.Knowing _____ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance
policy for your own ability.(do)
知道你正在干什么 ,能降低失败的风险,这就像给自己的能力买了
份保险。
由于没有说服 我父母,我没能上戏剧学校,而那才是我的兴趣所
在。
3 . The chief engineer together with his colleagues _____ new scientific
methods of farming since five years ago.(look)
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五年以来,总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找 新的科学农耕方
法。
白天干农活的时候,我总是把羊拴在 河边的树上。
5.As time is pressing,I think _____ is the best way to get from here to the
conference centre.(take)
由于时间紧迫,我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车 。
光传播 的速度快到我们难以想象。
8 . I don't often lose things , so I was quite surprised _____ my wallet and
found it wasn't there.(reach)
我不常丢东西,所以当我拿 钱包却发现钱包不在时,大吃一惊。
据报纸报道,武汉正在建设 几条新的地铁线路。
10 . Most believe he _____ for England last week , but for a serious injury
which put him out of football.(play)
多数人认为,要不是受了重伤而告别足球,上周他本会 为英格兰踢
球的 。
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(四)湖北卷
由于越来越多的森林被砍伐 ,一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
3.I don't know _____ in the novel that made him burst into tears.(what)
4 . Little _____ what she looks like;all she cares about is her job
performance.(care)
她 不在乎 外表,她在乎的是自己的工作表现。
要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表,我们就不会误了 火车。
不论我怎样努力 ,还是没法看清他写的字。
7.In response to the audience's great demand,the play _____ in the theatre
twice a week.(put)
8 . The soldier was absent from his camp for three days without _____ .
(ask)
435
这个士兵没有请假 就离开营地三天。
我们对教育、工作和社会的认识和 我们上一代人的不同 。
事情往往不是它们看上去的那样 。
(五)湖北卷
1 . Not until two days after the earthquake _____ ( 她 发 现 ) her mother
alive.(find)
3.It was cold and dump;the man pulled up his collar and put his hands to his
_____(冻僵了的脸).(freeze)
436
9 . Be careful ! The machine starts _____ ( 你 一 按 ) the button .
(moment)
(六)湖北卷
5 .After she completes the projects ,she'll have _____ (没有 什么要担 心
的).(worry)
8 . Last night's TV news said that by then the death of the missing people
_____(未证实).(prove)
9 . It is said that they have swum to the island from the continent , but they
_____(不可能做到)because the ocean in between is too wide.(do)
437
10._____(正如我们所强调的那样)many times,“serve the people” is our
first policy.(stress)
(七)湖北卷
9 . After circling around the earth for three days , Shenzhou Spaceship
received the demand from the ground that _____(它着陆)as scheduled the next
day.(land)
438
历年高考语法填空精练参考答
案
PART A
(一)全国卷
1.built 2.the 3.ability 4.using 5.slowly 6.to cool 7.at
8.goes 9.natural 10.how
(二)全国卷
1.arrived 2.before/earlier 3.its 4.that/which 5.paintings 6.
by 7.is 8.conducted 9.regularly 10.living
(三)广东卷
1.a 2.Luckily 3.for 4.was left 5.when 6.fell 7.without
8.to sell 9.where 10.him
(四)湖南卷
1.if 2.the 3.and 4.shouldn't 5.more 6.with 7.how 8.
you
(五)上海卷
1.As/Because/Since 2.emptied 3.an 4.looking 5.might/may
6.like 7.Shocked 8.the nicest
(六)上海卷
439
1.to check 2.that 3.as if/as though 4.who 5.ignoring 6.
someone/somebody 7.has been interrupted/is being interrupted/is interrupted
8.which
(七)福建卷
1.happens 2.are 3.first 4.with 5.What 6.helpful/beneficial
7.better 8.advice 9.apology 10.in
PART B
(一)全国卷
1.was 2.actually 3.the 4.or 5.to reduce 6.cleaner 7.
that/which 8.amazing 9.changes 10.patient
(二)福建卷
1.however 2.resources 3.difference 4.best 5.saving 6.in
7.ourselves 8.than 9.done 10.say
(三)广东卷
1 . it 2 . earlier 3 . were told 4 . but 5 . why 6 . for 7.
surprisingly 8.the 9.where 10.sunburned/sunburnt
(四)湖南卷
1 . them 2 . others 3 . which/that 4 . and 5.a 6 . but 7.
If/When 8.in
(五)辽宁卷
1.at 2.softly 3.painful 4.holding 5.it 6.is called 7.as
8.harder 9.if 10.breath
440
(六)上海卷
1.where 2.To earn 3.as soon as/as long as 4.exhausted 5.if
6.what 7.adapting 8.did
(七)上海卷
1.an 2.is equipped 3.which 4.myself 5.more appropriate 6.
has forced 7.urging 8.to
PART C
(一)广东卷
1.found 2.nor 3.why 4.reasonable 5.who 6.at 7.to 8.
possibly 9.a 10.thinking
(二)广东卷
1.wearing 2.had bought 3.pleased 4.the 5.If 6.harder 7.
which 8.for 9.what 10.them
(三)广东卷
1.later 2.until/till 3.sitting 4.was pretending 5.mentally 6.
whom 7.they 8.on 9.an 10.both
(四)广东卷
1.The 2.who 3.presented 4.warmly 5.with 6.another 7.
saying 8.it 9.sweeter 10.when
(五)广东卷
441
1.it 2.to please 3.a 4.pushed 5.where 6.choice 7.on
8.him 9.at 10.was informed
(六)广东卷
1.Behind/In 2.to help 3.his 4.it/that 5.that 6.after/from
7.but 8.higher 9.natural 10.results
(七)广东卷
1 . broke 2 . who 3 . as 4 . settled 5.a 6 . where 7.
Other/Some 8.merrily 9.for 10.her
PART D
(一)湖北卷
1.would not have picked
7.had(already)been finished
9.Although/Though he is known
442
(二)湖北卷
1.(in order)to save money或so as to save money
2.has accumulated
9.There stand
(三)湖北卷
1.what you are doing或the thing(s)which/that you are doing
2.having persuaded
443
8.when I reached for或the moment I reached for或at the time when I reached
for
(四)湖北卷
1.more and more forests/trees(being)cut down
3.what it was
6.hard/much I(had)tried
7.will/would be put on
(五)湖北卷
1.did she find
3.frozen face
444
4.Holding the/his keys in the/his hand或With the keys held in the/his hand或
The keys held in the/his hand
8.It(suddenly)occurred to him
(六)湖北卷
1.can we solve或will we be able to solve
6.(should)be discussed
(七)湖北卷
445
1.Owing to
4.Winning a scholarship
5.have changed
8.when(it is)applied
9.it(should)land
446
447
二、历年高考改错真题精
练
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个
单词。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
PART A
(一)全国卷
When I was a child , I hoped to live in the city . I think I would be happy
there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.There the air
is clean or the mountains are green . Unfortunately , on the development of
industrialization , the environment has been polluted . Lots of studies have been
shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs
we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We
must found ways to protect your environment . If we fail to do so , we'll live to
regret it.
448
(二)全国卷
One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very
crowded . Tony saw a toy on a shop window . He liked it so very much that he
quickly walked into the shop . After looks at the toy for some time , he turned
around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to
cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes
later,Tony saw parents.Mom said,“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were
terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
(三)四川卷
Hi,Janice,
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with
you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time,I made three new friend here.We hang out together
during lunch and after school . We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke
bars.It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.And I started to
see this as a time-wasting activity ! In fact , I don't like to go anymore , so I'm
afraid I'll lose their friendship . How do you think I should do ? If you are me ,
would you talk to him?
Grace
(四)浙江卷
My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were
made from glass.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.On
the left-hand side of the class , I could easy see the football field . In the
mornings , it was full of students exercising . The view from the back of the
classroom is also splendid . Close to the school there was a beautiful park with
449
many trees around them . Farther in the distance , I could not enjoy the view of
snowy mountains . On the right side of the class was the road . I was always
interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.The position of the classroom
with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.If I was only a child when I studied
in that classroom,I will never forget it.
(五)陕西卷
My soccer coach retired in last week.I wanted to do anything special for him
at his retirement party.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world,so I decide
to ask her for help.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.I insisted on doing
most of the baking myself . I thought the biscuits were really well . My only
mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with
happy laughter!
PART B
(一)全国卷
My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and
trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sat by
450
the lake listening music . The teachers here are kind and helpfully . They are not
only our teachers but also our friends.
(二)全国卷
Nearly five years before , and with the help by our father , my sister and I
planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since then—for all
these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please . As
result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy
and taste . There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .
Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we
have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully
tomatoes at no cost!
(三)辽宁卷
We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.It is difficult to
understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.The early morning barking
have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.Beside,Cleo
tends to bark a average of six hours a day . This morning she starts barking even
before 5 o'clock . That is too much for us , considering how closely the houses
are.
We appreciate our apologies and goodwill,but we hope that you can figure a
good way of settling the matter.
(四)陕西卷
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted
teach me about animals,insects and trees.My uncles all come along with bows
451
and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.Just then a bird
was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the
bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at
us from the sky—they were looked like rain!We ran to escape but fortunately no
one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals , insects or trees , but I learnt a
impressive lesson about gravity!
(五)四川卷
(六)浙江卷
I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage
was noise and filled with people.
No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner
before.Yet,they had so quickly offered the strangers their help.If we could show
concern to others on need,the world would be a better place to live in.
452
PART C
(一)全国卷
The book I'm reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.It is said to have
started in the early 1800's.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between
lunch and dinner , that might not be served until 8 o'clock at night . This custom
soon becomes another meal of day.Interesting,it had a connection by the British
porcelain(瓷器)industry.Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without
handles.When tea got popular in Britain ,there was a crying need for good cup
with handles to suit British habits . This made for the grow in the porcelain
industry.
(二)全国卷
(三)四川卷
Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty,but I tried hardly to
do it.Suddenly Mary,my best friend,asking me to let her to copy my answers.
After think for some time,I let her copy my answers.But after the test,all of us
were called to the teacher's office . The teacher was angry because we had same
answers in the tests.We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see
453
our parents.I was very upset.I didn't cheat.I was just helping a friend.Why
does she punish me?
(四)浙江卷
Dear Diary,
Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do
you want to know why we move last week ? Dad lost his job and as Mom
explained , “He was lucky to find other one . ” His new job meant I had to say
goodbye to my classmate,my school,or just everything else I love in the world.
To make matters bad , now I have to share a room with my younger sister ,
Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring,but I know I will
never fall sleep.
Yours,
Rosemary
(五)辽宁卷
(六)陕西卷
454
My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.
One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake.We took ours fishing poles and
headed for the lake . As soon as we arrived , so we dropped the lines into the
water.Before waiting for about half an hour,I was beginning to get impatiently.I
wanted to give up,and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer.Finally,
there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught . Within the next few
minute,my grandfather also caught a fish.
Felt hungry , we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish . It was
delicious.
PART D
(一)全国卷
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From
the time I was about four until I was about six,I destroyed each of my toy.I was
happy when the toys worked,but when things did wrong,I got angry and broke
it . For a while parents bought me new toys . But before long they began to see
which was happening . When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train , my father
said , “That's it . No more toys to you . ” My punishment lasted a year .
Meanwhile,I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.My
attitude changed from then on.
(二)浙江卷
455
how I was enjoying Brazil.As a result,nobody knew truth.I still think that it was
the right thing to do.
(三)辽宁卷
Dear Diana,
Thank you for the lovely day we have with you.It was so kind for you to let us
bring Anne's friend , Gina . Unfortunate , the only problem was the journey
home.There had been a terrible accident on the highway and,for a result,there
was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.In the end,we drove to the service
station and waited there unless the road was clear.In the car park here Gina nearly
got knocked over as car drove out too quickly from behind a lorry . They finally
dropped Gina off at her parents' and made our own way to home.
(四)陕西卷
My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit
Beijing last month . It is in the downtown area , but it is easy to go to anywhere
from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a
big bath . What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the
room.I checked my email messages every day.I also shared for my friends many
photos taking in Beijing.The food was wonderful with reasonable prices,and we
enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any
friend of me who is going to Beijing.
(五)辽宁卷
456
gives me the other fifty.You can imagine how much happy I was when I rode to
school on my own bicycle.
(六)浙江卷
One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend,a truck came
to a stop besides us . The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella
because he found we were wet through.I stood there and couldn't believe in that a
complete stranger is so thoughtful . The man insisted , so I grateful accepted the
offer , thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road . This man
might need the umbrella himself,and he preferred to give it to everyone else.It
was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.
PART E
(一)全国卷
My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a
ticket to Hang Zhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to
Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag
from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my
money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very
strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent
to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
(二)浙江卷
I was playing at my cousin house.Since his family was rich than mine,he
had more toys than I did.There was one on particular I'd always wanted.I put into
my pocket when he wasn't looking.I guessed,even at that age,I would never be
able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again;I would always
know I'd done something wrong.Late on,my aunt drove me home.When she
457
dropped me off,I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.She knows what had
happened,but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.
(三)辽宁卷
In early January this year,the rate of UFO reports were steady,around three
per weeks . When , however , on Monday , January 16 , a science fiction film
about visitors to outer space was shown on television , there was the immediate
increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States . The commanding
officer,Wayne Tyler,who directly responsible for the study of all such reports,
decided to making his findings known.They wrote an article,which said that all
UFO reports could be explained for quite naturally by aircraft movements.Follow
this explanation , there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings ,
because the rate remained above the previous level.
(四)陕西卷
Last Sunday morning,when l was having a walk in the park near my home,I
came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actor.I didn't have my
camera with me at that time,but I rushed back home to get.Unfortunately,by the
time I got back , they have finished the scene and the actor couldn't be seen
everywhere . I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a
building.He was right there in the front of me!I couldn't believe my luck—not
only did I had my photo taken with him,but he signed his name on my shirt!
(五)浙江卷
458
very nice of you,Mother.So I didn't think she looked like Grandma.”“Neither
did me.”said Mother cheerfully.
历年高考改错真题精练参考答
案
PART A
(一)全国卷
1.think 改为thought 2.countryside前加the 3.or改为and 4.on改为
with 5.将have been shown中的been去掉 6.seriously改为serious 7.airs改
为air 8.Much改为Many 9.found改为find 10.your改为our或the
(二)全国卷
1.parent改为parents 2.on改为in 3.去掉very 4.looks改为looking
5.where改为that或者去掉where 6.begun改为began 7.telling改为told
8.a改为the 9.saw后加his 10.terrible改为terribly
(三)四川卷
1 . want 后 加 to 2 . tell 改 为 told 3 . friend 改 为 friends 4 . sing 改 为
singing 5.many改为much 6.so改为but 7.How改为What 8.are改为
were 9.him改为them 10.去掉help后的with
(四)浙江卷
1.side改为sides 2.from改为of 3.sit改为sitting 4.easy改为easily
5.is改为was 6.them改为it 7.could后的not去掉 8.hurry前加a 9.felt
改为feel 10.If改为Although/Though
459
(五)陕西卷
1.去掉in 2.anything改为something 3.better改为best 4.decide改为
decided 5.step改为steps 6.well改为good 7.after改为when/while 8.a
改为the 9.just 后面加to 10.enjoy改为enjoying
PART B
(一)全国卷
1.They改为There 2.didn't改为don't 3.many改为much 4.with改为
for 5.前一个hour改为hours 6.look改为looks 7.删掉of 后的the 8.sat
改为sit 9.listening后加to 10.helpfully改为helpful
(二)全国卷
1.before改为ago 2.by改为of 3.year改为years 4.had改为have
5.As后面加a 6.somewhere改为everywhere 7.taste改为tasty 8.much改
为many 9.but改为yet或者去掉but 10.wonderfully改为wonderful
(三)辽宁卷
1.去掉us前面的to 2.time改为times 3.understanding改为understand
4.have改为has 5.Beside改为Besides 6.bark后的a改为an 7.starts改为
started 8.closely改为close 9.our改为your 10.figure后加out
(四)陕西卷
1 . wanted 后 面 加 to 2 . come 改 为 came 3 . have 改 为 having 4.
immediate改为immediately 5.on改为at 6.Neither改为None 7.was改为
were 8.去掉were或者去掉looked 9.but改为and 10.a改为an
(五)四川卷
460
1.with改为about 2.go改为goes 3.wait后加for 4.classmate改为
classmates 5.trying改为try 6.calmly改为calm 7.fire前的a改为the 8.
us改为you 9.去掉when 10.and改为or
(六)浙江卷
1.去掉had 2.noise改为noisy 3.comes改为came 4.but改为and
5.searching后面加for 6.his改为its/the 7.ticket前的a改为the 8.previous
改为previously 9.strangers改为stranger 10.on改为in
PART C
(一)浙江卷
1.去掉reading 后的of 2.Have改为Having 3.that改为which 4.
becomes改为became 5.day前加the 6.Interesting改为Interestingly 7.by改
为with/to 8.drank改为drunk 9.cup改为cups 10.grow改为growth
(二)全国卷
1.holding改为hold 2.passes改为passed 3.much改为well/clearly 4.
shoulder改为shoulders 5.toward改为to/into 6.himself改为him 7.he was
前加and 8.去掉fact前的a 9.during改为when 10.never改为ever
(三)四川卷
1.difficulty改为difficult 2.hardly改为hard 3.asking改为asked 4.去
掉copy前的to 5.think改为thinking 6.all改为both 7.same前加the 8.
tests改为test 9.so改为or 10.does改为did
(四)浙江卷
1.去掉far 2.move改为moved 3.other改为another 4.classmate改为
classmates 5.or改为and 6.bad改为worse 7.first前面加the/my 8.tiring
461
改为tired 9.sleep改为asleep 10.is改为are
(五)辽宁卷
1.with改为on 2.去掉so 3.have改为has 4.healthy改为health 5.
which改为what 6.visit前加a 7.her改为his 8.step改为stepped 9.
picture改为pictures 10.many改为much
(六)陕西卷
1.go改为went 2.ours改为our 3.去掉so 4.Before改为After 5.
impatiently改为impatient 6.and改为but 7.were改为was 8.fish前加a
9.minute改为minutes 10.Felt改为Feeling
PART D
(一)全国卷
1.little改为less 2.toy要改为toys 3.did改为went
(二)浙江卷
1 . before 改 为 ago 2 . 去 掉 rented 后 的 for 3 . Unfortunate 改 为
Unfortunately 4.week改为weeks 5.so 改为but 6.will改为would 7.
myself 改为me 8.farther改为far 9.interested改为interesting 10.truth前面
加the
(三)辽宁卷
1 . have 改 为 had 2 . kind 后 的 for 改 为 of 3 . Unfortunate 改 为
Unfortunately 4.for a result中的for改为as 5.mile改为miles 6.unless改为
462
until 7.here改为there 8.as car的中间加a 9.They改为We 10.去掉way
后面的to
(四)陕西卷
1 . visit 改 为 visited 2 . but 改 为 so/and 3 . 去 掉 go 后 面 的 to 4.
comfortably改为comfortable 5.were改为was 6.for改为with 7.taking改为
taken 8.dish改为dishes 9.such后加a 10.me改为mine
(五)辽宁卷
1.friend改为friends 2.it改为one 3.that改为which 4.father后加
for 5.He改为I 6.去掉school前的the 7.if改为when 8.after改为later
9.gives改为gave 10.去掉happy前的much
(六)浙江卷
1.friend改为friends 2.besides改为beside 3.a改为an 4.去掉believe
后的in 5.is改为was 6.grateful改为gratefully 7.he preferred前的and改为
but 8.everyone改为someone/somebody 9.possible后加to 10.expect改为
expecting
PART E
(一)全国卷
1.buy改为buying 2.here改为there 3.在for后面加a 4.but改为
and 5.on改为in 6.was改为were 7.luggages改为luggage 8.friend改为
friend's 9.去掉lent后的to 10.feel改为felt
(二)浙江卷
1.cousin改为cousin's 2.rich改为richer 3.on改为in 4.put后加
it/that 5.去掉enjoy后的to 6.faced改为face 7.Late改为Later 8.slow改
463
为slowly 9.knows改为knew 10.ever改为never
(三)辽宁卷
1.were改为was 2.weeks改为week 3.to改from 4.immediate前的
the改为an 5.who后加was或is 6.making改为make 7.They改为He 8.
去 掉 explained 后 的 for 9 . Follow 改 为 Following 10 . because 改 为
although/though/but/yet
(四)陕西卷
1.make改为making 2.actor改为actors 3.but改为so/and 4.get后加
it 5 . have 改 为 had 6 . everywhere 改 为 anywhere 7 . disappointing 改 为
disappointed 8.out后加of 9.去掉front前的the 10.had改为have
(五)浙江卷
1 . notice 改 为 noticed 2 . occupy 改 为 occupied 3 . young 前 加 a 4.
clearly改为clear 5.on改为by或at 6.put改为putting 7.many改为much
8.去掉accept后的to 9.So改为But 10.me改为I
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三、历年高考动词短语搭
配真题精练
PART A
1 . There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage _____ his ability to
communicate with foreigners in English.[湖北卷]
A.leaves out
B.goes against
C.lies in
D.makes up
2 . Don't worry . I'm sure your missing glasses will _____ sooner or later .
[湖北卷]
A.stand out
B.break up
C.get out
D.turn up
3.The university started some new language programs to _____ the country's
Silk Road Economic Belt.[江苏卷]
A.apply to
B.cater for
C.appeal to
D.hunt for
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4 . The whole team _____ Cristiano Ronaldo , and he seldom lets them
down.[江苏卷]
A.wait on
B.focus on
C.count on
D.call on
5.Peter will _____ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next
month.[陕西卷]
A.take up
B.put up
C.add up
D.break up
6.Tom had to _____ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was
too busy.[天津卷]
A.turn in
B.turn down
C.turn over
D.turn to
7 . Body language can _____ a lot about your mood , so standing with your
arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.[浙江卷]
A.take away
B.throw away
C.put away
D.give away
8.We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or _____
our emotions than for straight facts.[浙江卷]
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A.block off
B.appeal to
C.subscribe to
D.come across
9 . Terry , please _____ your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you .
[安徽卷]
A.look up from
B.look into
C.look back on
D.look through
10 . When the sports hero _____ at our party , he was welcomed with open
arms.[安徽卷]
A.turned up
B.left off
C.moved on
D.got away
11.Caroline doesn't have a gift for music,but she _____ it with hard work.
[全国卷]
A.goes back on
B.takes away from
C.makes up for
D.catches up with
A.catch sight of
B.get hold of
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C.take charge of
D.make mention of
13 . I've been trying to phone Charles all evening , but there must be
something wrong with the network;I can't seem to _____.[湖北卷]
A.get through
B.get off
C.get in
D.get along
A.come up with
B.get down to
C.do away with
D.live up to
A.came across
B.dealt with
C.looked after
D.went for
A.set off
B.set about
C.set up
D.set down
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17 . My parents always _____ great importance to my getting a good
education.[天津卷]
A.have
B.attach
C.accept
D.pay
18 . The two countries are going to meet to _____ some barriers to trade
between them.[天津卷]
A.make up
B.use up
C.turn down
D.break down
19.—Dad,I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
20 . How could you _____ such a fantastic job when you have been out of
work for months?[浙江卷]
A.turn off
B.turn in
C.turn down
D.turn to
PART B
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1.She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _____ the road.[重
庆卷]
A.on
B.along
C.from
D.off
2 . _____ the school , the village has a clinic , which was also built with
government support.[天津卷]
A.In reply to
B.In addition to
C.In charge of
D.In place of
3 . Check carrots , potatoes , onions and any other vegetables _____ and
immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.[湖北卷]
A.in demand
B.in store
C.on loan
D.on sale
4.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too
to stay _____.[江苏卷]
A.in place
B.in order
C.in shape
D.in fashion
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A.in time
B.in case
C.in need
D.in vain
6 . When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster , many teachers
would prefer to see him step aside _____ younger men.[湖北卷]
A.in terms of
B.in need of
C.in favor of
D.in praise of
7.We'd better discuss everything _____ before we work out the plan.[江苏
卷]
A.in detail
B.in general
C.on purpose
D.on time
A.in favour of
B.in honour ofC.in face of
D.in need of
9.When she first arrived in China,she wondered what the future might have
_____ for her,but now all her worries are gone.[湖北卷]
A.in need
B.in timeC.in preparation
D.in store
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10.People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,
and this _____ creates further problems.[湖北卷]
A.in short
B.in caseC.in doubt
D.in turn
11._____ the silence of the pauses,we could hear each other's breathing and
could almost hear our own heartbeats.[湖南卷]
A.In
B.For
C.Under
D.Between
A.In terms of
B.In case of
C.As a result of
D.In face of
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A.in particular
B.in turn
C.in charge
D.in time
A.turn down
B.turn out
C.break down
D.break out
16.In much of the animal world,night is the time _____ for sleep—pure and
simple.[湖北卷]
A.set aside
B.set down
C.set off
D.set up
17 . Team leaders must ensure that all members _____ their natural desire to
avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.[江苏卷]
A.get over
B.look over
C.take over
D.come over
18.Mother always complains that children _____ their shoes very quickly.
[江西卷]
A.find out
B.wash out
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C.wear out
D.set out
A.get away
B.take over
C.set off
D.run out
20.My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking,but at least he has _____.
[陕西卷]
A.cut out
B.cut down
C.cut up
D.cut off
PART C
1.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to _____.[天津
卷]
A.get away
B.drop in
C.check out
D.hold on
A.come along
B.come off
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C.come across
D.come through
3 . At the last moment , Tom decided to _____ a new character to make the
story seem more likely.[全国卷]
A.put up
B.put in
C.put on
D.put off
4 . Bears _____ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy
enough to last them through their winter sleep.[浙江卷]
A.pack up
B.build up
C.bring up
D.take up
A.give up
B.settle down
C.get through
D.set off
6 . We _____ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that
day.[全国卷]
A.set about
B.set up
C.set out
D.set down
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7.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can _____ preparing
your business plan.[浙江卷]
A.set out
B.set about
C.set off
D.set up
A.hold up
B.keep up
C.set up
D.take up
A.lead to
B.see to
C.turn to
D.refer to
11 . The athlete's years of hard training _____ when she finally won the
Olympic gold medal.[安徽卷]
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A.went on
B.got through
C.paid off
D.ended up
12.I can _____ the house being untidy,but I hate it if it's not clean.[全国
卷]
A.come up with
B.put up with
C.turn to
D.stick to
13.She _____ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the
department store.[天津卷]
A.turned down
B.dealt with
C.took after
D.came across
A.put off
B.speed up
C.turn on
D.work out
A.turned over
B.turned on
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C.turned off
D.turned down
16 . Born into a family with three brothers , David was _____ to value the
sense of sharing.[福建卷]
A.brought up
B.turned down
C.looked after
D.held back
17.If you _____ faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to
reduce the price.[安徽卷]
A.come across
B.care about
C.look for
D.focus upon
18 .The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just
have to _____ it.[浙江卷]
19 . He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _____ at a
hotel for the night.[浙江卷]
A.putting down
B.putting off
C.putting on
D.putting up
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20.To get a better grade,you should _____ the notes again before the test.
[四川卷]
A.go over
B.get over
C.turn over
D.take over
PART D
1.I often _____ the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
[四川卷]
A.look up
B.look at
C.look for
D.look into
A.take in
B.take off
C.take on
D.take out
3.The government has taken measures to _____ the high prices of daily goods
to keep the market stable.[湖北卷]
A.take down
B.bring down
C.hand down
D.tear down
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4.The exam results will be _____ on Friday afternoon.[辽宁卷]
A.put down
B.put off
C.put up
D.put away
5 . You can't predict everything . Often things don't _____ as you expect .
[江西卷]
A.run out
B.break out
C.work out
D.put out
A.put away
B.put up
C.put on
D.put together
7 . More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _____
space.[福建卷]
A.in search of
B.in place of
C.for lack of
D.for fear of
8.We've just moved into a bigger house and there's a lot to do.Let's _____
it.[福建卷]
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A.keep up with
B.do away with
C.get down to
D.look forward to
9.Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _____ sweet
dreams.[江西卷]
A.keep up with
B.put up with
C.end up with
D.catch up with
10.We give dogs time,space and love we can spare,and _____,dogs give
us their all.[江西卷]
A.in all
B.in fact
C.in short
D.in return
A.ended up
B.dropped out
C.came back
D.started off
12.Jenny was looking for a seat when,luckily,a man _____ and left.[四
川卷]
A.took up
B.got up
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C.shut up
D.set up
13 . The experiment has _____ the possibility of the existence of any life on
that planet,but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.[江苏卷]
A.found out
B.pointed out
C.ruled out
D.carried out
14.You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you,I
suppose.[陕西卷]
A.agree with
B.agree to
C.agree on
D.agree about
15 . It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _____
favors to them.[湖北卷]
A.in preference to
B.in place of
C.in agreement with
D.in exchange for
A.turned on
B.turned in
C.turned around
D.turned out
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17 . After that , he knew he could _____ any emergency by doing what he
could to the best of his ability.[浙江卷]
18 . It is reported that the police will soon _____ the case of two missing
children.[江西卷]
A.look upon
B.look after
C.look into
D.look out
19.A notice was _____ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture
time.[陕西卷]
A.sent up
B.given up
C.set up
D.put up
A.hang up
B.break up
C.give up
D.hold up
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历年高考动词短语搭配真题精
练参考答案
PART A
1—5:C D B C A 6—10:B D B A A
11—15:C B A B A 16—20:D B D B C
PART B
1—5:D B B C A 6—10:C A D D D
11—15:A A A D C 16—20:A A C B B
PART C
1—5:A A B B D 6—10:C B B B D
11—15:C B D B D 16—20:A A A D A
PART D
1—5:A C B C C 6—10:A C C C D
11—15:A B C A D 16—20:D C C D A
485
486
附录 历年高考常考动词
短语汇总
487
add
add to增加;增进
add… to把……加进……
add up to总共是,总计
break
break away脱离,挣脱
break down出故障,失控
break off暂停,中断;折断
break in强行进入;插话
break into强行闯入
break out爆发
break up分手;分裂
break through突破
bring
bring about引发,导致
bring back使回想起
bring down使倒下;射杀
bring in引入,引进
bring up抚养;呕吐
bring out 出版
488
call
call on号召;拜访(某人)
call at访问,参观(某地)
call for要求,需要
call up使回忆起;打电话
call in召集,叫来
call out大声呼喊
come
come about发生;产生
come down倒塌;流传下来
come out出版;结果是
come to苏醒;总计达……
come up发生;出现
come across偶然碰到
come back回来;东山再起
come up with提出(主意)
cut
cut across抄近路,走捷径
cut down砍倒;削减
489
cut off切断,砍下
cut up 切碎
cut in插嘴;干预
cut out删减;戒除
get
get down记下;使沮丧
get on上车
get off下车
get back回家;取回;退后
get away逃跑,逃脱
get over克服
get up起床
get through打通电话;通过
get round消息传开
get out出去,走开
give
490
give away赠送;泄露
give out疲惫不堪;分发
give off发出(光、热)
give up放弃
go
go in for从事;喜爱;参加
go through通过;经受
go over复习;检查
go up(价格)上涨
go after追求,追赶
go against违反
go ahead前进;开始
go away离开
go by时间流逝;顺便走访
go down下沉;降低
go on继续
go with相配;陪同
go without没有,缺少
go out外出;熄灭
491
go all out全力以赴
go back on背弃;食言
go beyond超出
go off离开;中断
hand
hand in交上,提交
hand out分发
hand down流传;遗传
hang
hang about闲逛
hang up挂电话
hold
hold back阻止;隐瞒
hold up举起;抢劫
hold on别挂电话;坚持
hold down控制,压制
hold out拿出,伸出
keep
keep up保持
keep up with跟上
492
keep off不接近,挡住
keep back阻止;隐瞒
keep on继续
leave
leave for离开前往
leave out删去;遗漏
leave behind遗留;忘记拿
look
look up查找;向上看
look through翻阅,浏览
look for寻找
look into调查
look after 照顾
look around环顾四周
look up to 尊敬
make
make up编造;打扮;组成
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make up for弥补
make out弄懂
pass
pass away去世
pass by经过
pay
pay back还钱;报复
pay for为……付钱;为……
pay off还清
付出代价
pick
pick up捡起;接人;自然学会
pick out挑选;辨认
put
put up举起;张贴;投宿
put up with忍受
put out伸出;扑灭
put off推迟
put back放回原处
494
put away放好;存钱,储存
put down记下;平息
put on穿戴;上映;增加
run
run across偶然碰到
run after追逐,追捕
run away逃跑
run into碰到,遇见;相撞
run for竞选
send
send for派人去请
send up发射
send out发出(光亮等)
set
set up建立
set off出发;开始
set out动身;着手做某事
set about开始做某事
495
set aside把……放一边
set back拨回
take
take off脱掉;起飞
take on呈现;雇用
take away拿走
take in吸收;领会
take up从事;占用(时间)
take down记录;取下
take back收回
take over接管
think
think of想起,记起
think out想出
think about考虑
think over仔细考虑
think highly of 重视
turn
496
turn on打开
turn off关掉
turn out证明是,结果
turn up出现;音量调大
turn down音量调低;拒绝
turn over翻(书页),翻转
turn away打发走;驱逐
turn back返回;转回去
turn round转过身来
turn to转向;求助于
turn in交上;归还
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目录
书名页 2
前言 2
特色介绍 7
目录 13
第一部分 高考大纲语法无敌全解 17
高考语法成功学 17
高考英语语法考纲图解 23
第1讲 倒装与省略 23
第2讲 强调句与反意疑问句 23
第3讲 并列连词和主谓一致 23
第4讲 名词性从句 23
第5讲 定语从句 48
第6讲 状语从句 48
第7讲 虚拟语气 48
第8讲 动词的时态和语态 48
第9讲 非谓语动词 48
第10讲 情态动词 48
第11讲 代词 72
第12讲 形容词和副词 72
第13讲 冠词和名词 72
第14讲 介词 72
第二部分 高考改错技巧无敌精讲 72
高考英语改错考点图解 72
历年改错技巧精讲(上) 72
历年改错技巧精讲(下) 97
第三部分 历年高考真题精练 97
一、历年高考语法填空真题精练 97
二、历年高考改错真题精练 97
三、历年高考动词短语搭配真题精练 97
附录 历年高考常考动词短语汇总 97
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