JEE MAINS
SYNOPSIS
A Thermal Expansion of Liquids
Introduction:
 Liquids do not have a shape of their own. They
assume the shape of the container.
 Linear and superficial expansions have no
meaning for liquids.
 As liquids possess definite volume, they
experience volume expansion only.
Coefficient Of Real Expansion(  r ):
 The actual expansion of the liquid is called real
or absolute expansion of liquid.
 The real expansion of liquid depends on
a) Initial volume of liquid
b) Rise in temperature
c) Nature of liquid
 The real increase in volume per unit original
volume per 10C rise in temperature is called
coefficient of real expansion
V2  V1
 r   real  /0 C
V1 (t 2  t1 )
 V2  V1[1   r (t )]
 % Change in volume of liquid
=  r (t2  t1 ) 100 .
Coefficeint of Apparent
Expansion(  a ):
 When a liquid is heated both liquid and its
container expand. Though the expansion of the
liquid is many times more than that of solid
container, still the observed expansion of liquid
is less than the actual expansion it had.
 The expansion of liquid relative to the container
is called visible or apparent expansion.
 The apparent expansion of liquid depends on
a) Initial volume of liquid.
b) Rise in temperature.
c) Nature of liquid.
d) Nature of material of container.
 The apparent increase in volume per unit original
volume per 10 C rise in temperature is called
coefficient of apparent expansion of liquid.
Narayana IIT/PMT Academy
HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
V2  V1
 a   app  / 0C
V1 (t2  t1 )
 V2  V1[1   app (t )]
Relation between  r and  a :
 The coefficient of real expansion of a liquid is
equal to the sum of coefficient of apparent
expansion of the liquid and coefficient of volume
expansion of the vessel.
= r app  vessel app  3vessel
 If  r   vessel , the level of liquid in the vessel
rises.
 If  r   vessel , the level of liquid in the vessel
remains stationary.
 If  real   vessel , the level of liquid in the vessel
will fall.
 If the same liquid is heated in two vessels X and
Y then r = ax+3x = ay+3y
  ax   ay  3( y   x )
 Here ax, ay denote coefficients of apparent
expansion in vessels X and Y.
 x and y are coefficients of linear expansion of
vessels X and Y.
Variation Of Density Of Liquid With
Temperature:
 The density of a liquid decreases with increase
in temperature. For calculating the change in
density the coefficient of real expansion of the
liquid is to be considered.
d0 = dt(1+rt) or dt  d0 (1   r t )
where, d0 = density of liquid at 00C
dt = density of liquid at t0C
r = Coefficient of real expansion of liquid
 If d1 and d2 are the densities of liquid at
temperatures t1 and t2
d1=d2 [1+r (t2 - t1)]
 If d 0 and dt are densities of liquid at 00 C and
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 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS JEE
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MAINS

d d d d Immersed in Liquid:
t C , then r d t   r d  t
0   0 t or   0 t / C0  When a body is immersed in a liquid its weight
t 0
decreases.
 If d1 and d2 are densities of liquid at t1 0 C and  The apparent weight of the body, W=V(d-s) g.
d1  d 2 0
where d= density of solid
t 2 C ,then  r  d t  d t / C s= density of liquid
0
1 2 2 1
V= volume of solid .
 The temperature at which the density of liquid is
 When temperature is increased, density of the
 x 0 liquid decreases more than that of solid. Hence
x% less than that at 00 C is  (100  x)  C apparent weight of solid immersed in liquid
 r 
increases.
 The temperature at which the density becomes
 If d1 and d 2 are densities of a liquid at t1C
x% of the density at 00 C is  100  x  0C and t 2 C respectively and volumes of solid body
 x r 
 The temperature at which the density of liquid is at t1C and t 2 C are v1 and v 2 then

1  x 1  0  up thrust at t1C is F1  v1d1g

times of its density at 00 C is    C
x  r   up thrust at t 2 C is F2  v2d2g

F2  v 2   d 2 
Volume of Unoccupied space     
F1  v1   d1 
remains smae at all Temperatures:
 When a liquid is taken in a container and heated, F2 1   s  t 2  t1 
the unoccupied volume over the liquid remains 
F1 1   r  t 2  t1 
constant at all temperatures, if Vc  c  Vl  l
 v2 d2 1 
 where Vc and Vl are the volumes of the container   1   s  t 2  t1  and  
 v1 d1 1   r  t 2  t1  
and the liquid respectively.
 c and  l are the coefficient of volume expansion F1
  1    r   s  t 2  t1 
of container and coefficient of real expansion of F2
the liquid. Where  r is coefficient of real expansion of liquid,
 The coefficient of real expansion of mercury is
s is coeffcient of volume expansion of solid.
seven times that of glass approximately. Therefore
for the unoccupied volume over liquid in a glass Since,
vessel to remain constant at all temperatures is F1 1   r  t 2  t1 

Vl 1 F2 1   s  t 2  t1 

Vc 7
 1   r  t 2  t1   1   s  t 2  t1  
Volume of Liquid Expelled:
2
 A container of volume Vc at temperature t10 C is  1  s  t 2  t1    r  t 2  t1    r  s  t 2  t1 
completely filled with a liquid. If the container is F1
 1    r   s  t 2  t1 
heated to t2 0 C , then volume of liquid overflown F2
is Vl  (V2 )l  (V2 )c  ( l   c )Vc (t2  t1 )
Apparent Weight of a Solid
    t
s r 2
2
 t1   0 . 
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 A body floats in a liquid at t1C with x1 % of its  The experiment with Hope’s apparatus
volume is submerged in a liquid. If liquid is heated establishes that water has maximum density at
to t 2 C then the same body floats with x 2 % 40C.
of its volume submerged in the liquid.  Dilatometer is a convenient apparatus to study
the anomalous expansion of water.
x2 x1 0
r  / C
x1 t2 t1  In cold countries during winter water at the
surface in ponds, lakes and rivers begin to freeze.
Since up thrust = vdg
But the temperature of bottom layers will be at
v1d1g  v 2 d 2g 40 C. Hence the survival of aquatic plants and
 x1   x2  animals is possible due to anomalous behaviour
  vd1g    vd 2g of water.
 100   100 
d1 x 2  In winter, water in the lumps of clay cools from
  1   r  t 2  t1  40C to 00 C and expands resulting in the breaking
d 2 x1
of lumps
x2 x1 0  In winter season cold countries radiators of
r  / C
x1 t2 t1 automobiles may burst when water in them
Anamolous Expansion of Water: solidifies. Hence liquids like ethyl alcohol or
 Liquids, in general expand in volume with rise of ethylene glycol are added to water to prevent
temperature. solidification.
 Pure water when heated contracts from 00 C to  The mud walls having moisture embedded in
3.980 C (40 C) and expands from 40C onwards.
them, crack and break down in winter due to
It is called anamolous expansion of water.
anomalous expansion of water.
 Water has negative expansion coefficient in the
range at 00 C to 40 C and positive expansion  Water expands on solidification and hence floats
coefficient above 40 C. on water.
 At 40 C water occupies minimum volume and
 Water carrying pipes burst in winter, as water
hence density becomes maximum (1gm /cc).
expands on cooling from 40 Cto 00C.
 The anomalous behaviour of water has been
explained on the assumption that there are three
types of water molecules. They are

a) H2 O b)  H 2O 2 c)  H 2O 3
 0
The density of water increases from 0 Cto 4 C 0

and decreases with rise in temperature from 40C
 H2O ,  H 2O 2 and  H 2O 3 molecules have
different volumes per unit mass and are mixed in
different proportions at different temperatures.
So water has maximum density at 4C due to
greater proportions of higher types.

Narayana IIT/PMT Academy 35

 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS JEE
JEEMAINS
MAINS

CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS 7 The liquid whose co-efficient of real

expansion is equal to 1.5 times the co-
1. Expansion of liquids on heating is different efficient of areal expansion and heated then
from that solids, since the expansion of the level of the liquid taken in the container
liquids is 1) Rises
1) much more than solids because molecular 2) Falls
spacing in them is less 3) Remains same
2) much more than solids because molecular 4) First rises and then falls
spacing in them is more
8. By increasing the temperature of a liquid its
3) much less than solids because molecular
1) volume and density decreases
spacing in them is more.
2) volume and density increases
4) much less than solids because molecular
3) volume increases and density decreases
spacing in them is less
4) volume decreases and density increases
2. If the temperature rise is measured in
Fahrenheit scale instead of the centigrade 9. Density of liquid at any temperature ‘t’ is
scale, the numerical value of co-efficient of given by dt = d0 [ 1-  t ]. This equation applies
real expansion of liquid is to
1) remains same 2) decreased 1) all liquids 2) only water
3) increased 3) no liquid
4) depends upon the nature of the liquid 4) all liquids except mercury
3. Real expansion of liquid is 10. Coefficient of volume V  of water is
1) Independent on expansion of the vessel.
negative in the temperature range
2) Dependent on expansion of the vessel.
3) Independent on nature of the liquid. 1) 40 C to 40 C 2) 40 C to 00 C
4) Depends on both nature of the liquid and 3) 00 C to 40 C 4) 40 C to 100 C
vessel. 11. A metal ball suspended from the hook of a
4 A liquid with co-efficient of real volume spring balance is kept immersed in a liquid
expansion ( r) is filled in container of other than water. On increasing the
material having co-efficient of linear temperature of this liquid, the reading in the
expansion ( ). If liquid over flows on spring balance.
heating. 1) increases 2) decreases
1) r = 3 2) r>3 3) r< 3 4) r= 3) remains same
5 On heating a liquid of co-efficient of real 4) may increases or decreases.
expansion  in a container having 12. A metal ball immersed in alcohol weights W1
 at 00C and W2 at 500 C Assuring that the
coefficient of linear expansion . The level density of the metal is large compared to
3
of liquid in the container will that of alcohol then.
1) rise 2) fall 1) W1 = W2 2) W1>W2
3) remains same 4) over flows 3) W1< W2 4) W1 ³ W2
6 A long cylindrical vessel of volume V and 13. A block of wood is floating on water at 200C
co-efficient of linear expansion  contains with certain volume x above the water level.
a liquid. The level of liquid has not changed The temperature of water is slowly increased
on heating. The co-efficient of real the volume x.
expansion of the liquid is. 1) increases 2) decreases
V  V  V 3) remains same
1) 2) 3) 4) 3 4) first decreases and then increases.
V V V 
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14. A small stone is inside a ice block which 20. Two identical tumblers are filled fully with
floats in water. When the ice fully melts the water at a certain temperature. One of the
level water tumblers is warmed up and the other cooled
1) increases down. But it is observed that the water
2) decreases overflows from both the tumblers. The
3) does not change temperature at which they are fully filled is
1) 4K 2) 277K 3) 2770C 4) -2770C
4) first decreases and then increases
21. Water at 40C is filled to the brim of 2 beakers.
15. Water in closed rectangular tube with left
A boy perfomed an experiment ‘A’ of heating
arm vertically placed above the arc lamp is
and ‘B’ of cooling. The observation was
heated
1) Water level in ‘B’ went down and in ‘A’ water
1) Water will begin to circulate in anticlockwise flowed out.
direction. 2) Water flowed out in both the cases.
2) Water will begin to circulate in clockwise 3) Water flowed out in ‘B’ and water level went
direction. down in ‘A’.
3) Water will not circulate but heats up 4)Water level went down in both cases.
4) Water will oscillate in clockwise and anticlock 22. The surface of water in a lake is just going
wise directions. to freeze. Then the temperature of water of
16. The apparent coefficient of expansion of a the bottom of the lake is
liquid depends upon 1) 4 K 2) 2770C 3) 277K 4) 1000C
1) the nature of the liquid 23. Water has maximum density at
2) the scale of temperature 1) 00C 2) 40C 3) 250C 4) 370C
3) mass of the liquid 24. A Sealed glass jar is full of water. When it is
4) pressure of the liquid kept in a freezing mixture, it is broken
because
17. A glass is full of water at 40 C when it is (a)
1) Water expands from 40C to 00C
cooled (b) heated then, which one of the 2) Ice expands while melting
following is correct 3) Water expands due to freezing
1) water level decreases, increases 4) Ice expands since its temperature falls below
2) water level increases, decreases 00 C
3) water level decreases, decreases 25. A sealed glass jar is full of water. When its
4) water over flow in both cases temperature is decreased to 00C.
18. The top of a lake is frozen when the air in 1) The glass jar remains as it is with ice.
contact with the lake surface is at  50 C the 2) The glass jar remains as it is with water.
temerature of water in contact with the 3) The glass jar contains half the amount of ice
bottom of the lake will be mixed with water.
4) The glass jar breaks due to the formation of
1)  50 C 2) 40 C 3) 0 0 C 4)  40 C ice.
19. A metal sphere is suspended in water at
KEY
0 0 C by a thread when water is heated to
CONCEPTUAL
40 C the tension in the thread 1.2 2.2 3.1 4.2 5.3
1) Decreases 6.4 7.3 8.3 9.1 10.3
2) Increases 11.1 12.3 13.2 14.2 15.2
3) Remains same 16.1 17.4 18.2 19.1 20.2
4) First increases and then decreases 21.2 22.3 23. 2 24.1 25.4
Narayana IIT/PMT Academy 37
 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS JEE
JEEMAINS
MAINS

LEVEL - I 7. A glass bulb of volume 250cc is filled with

mercury at 200 C and the temperature is
EXPANSION OF LIQUIDS
raised to 1000 C .If the coefficient of linear
1. The liquid with co-efficient of real expansion
of 27x10-6 /0 C is heated in a vessel with the expansion of glass is 9  106 / 0 C
co-efficient of linear expansion 9x10-6/0C. Coefficient of absolute expansion of mercury
The level of the liquid with respect to ground is 18  104 / 0 C .The volume of mercury
1) Rises 2) Falls overflows
3) Remains same 4) First falls then rises
1) 3.06cc 2)2.94cc 3)6.12cc 4)7.73cc.
2. The co-efficient of real expansion of liquid
is  r and the co-efficient of apparent 8. The relation between the coefficient of real
expansions of the liquid is  a. The co- expansion (  r ) and coefficient of apparent
efficient of cubical expansion of the vessel
expantion (  a ) of a liquid and the coefficient
is . If r : a =4:1 then a:  is
1) 3:1 2) 1:3 3) 4:1 4) 1:4 linear expantion (  g ) of the material of the
3. The co-efficient of real expansion of a liquid container is:
is 7x10-4/0 C. The co efficient of linear
1)  r   g    2)  r   g  3 
expansion of the vessel is 1x105 / 0 C . The
co-efficient of apparent expansion of the 3)  r  3 g    4)  r  3  g    
liquid is 9. If  is the coefficient of a real expansion of
1). 7x10-4/0C. 2). 6x10-5/0C.
a liquid then the temperature at which
3). 67x10-5/0C. 4). 73x10-5/0C. density of a liquid is 1% of its density at
4. The density of a liquid at 1000C is 8.0 gm/
cm3 and at 00C is 8.4 gm/cm3, the coefficient 00 C is
of cubical expansion of the liquid is 99 1 100 1
1). 10-4 / 0C 2). 5x10-4 / 0C 1) 2) 3) 4)
 99  100
3). 8x10-4/ 0C 4). 4x10-4 / 0C
5. The fraction of the volume of a glass flask 10. How much mercury must be placed inside a
must be filled with mercury so that the glass flask having an internal volume of 300
volume of the empty space may be the same cc ., so that the volume of the remaining
at all temperatures is space inside the flask may be constant at
all temperatures? (Coefficeient of real
(glass  9 106 / o C,  Hg  18.9 105 / o C)
expansion of mercury= 0.00018 / 0 C ,
1) 1/2 2) 1/7 3) 1/4 4) 1/5 coefficent of linear expansion of glass is
6. A Vertical column of liquid h0 long at 00 C 0.00001 / 0 C )
balances another column of same liquid 1) 20 cc 2) 30cc 3) 40 cc 4) 50cc
at t 0 C . If r is the absolute expansion of that
liquid, height of second liquid column is KEY
h0 LEVEL - I
1) h0 1   t  2) 1   t 
1.1 2. 2 3. 3 4.2 5.2
h0 6.3 7.1 8. 3 9. 1 10. 4
3) h0 1   t  4) 1   t
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HINTS 3. A boat is floating in water at 00 C such that

97% of the volume of the boat is submerged
LEVEL-I in water. The temperature at which the boat
will just completely sink in water is
1. r  a g (  R  3x104 / 0 C )
2. a  r  g 1) 100C 2) 1000C
3) 600C 4) 500C
 g  3 g
4. A body is floating in water at 40C such that
3.  a   r  3 g 0.98 of its total volume is immersed in water.
If the coefficient of real expansion of water
4 d0  d t 1   t  is 3.3x10-4/0C. The temperature at which the
body gets immersed completely is
5.  g vg   l vl
a. 32.80C b. 28.40C
ht  h0 c. 65.80C d. 72.40C
6.  5. The apparent coefficient of expansion of
h0 t
liquid, when heated in a copper vessel is C
v2  v1 and when heated in a silver vessel is S. If A
7. a    a g
v1t , r is the linear coefficient of expansion of
Copper, linear expansion coefficient of silver
8 r  a g is
9. d0  d t 1   t  C  S  3A C  3A  S
a. b.
3 3
10.  l vl   g vg
S  3A  C C  S  3A
c. d.
3 3
LEVEL-II 6. The co-efficient of linear expansion of iron
is 11/180 of volume coefficient of expansion
EXPANSION OF LIQUIDS of mercury which is 18x10-5 /0C. An iron rod
is 10m long at 270 C. The length of the rod
1. A vessel is half filled with a liquid at 00C. will be decreased by 1.1 mm when the
When then vessel is heated to 1000C the temperature of the rod changes by
liquid occupies 3/4 volume of the vessel. 1. 00C 2. 100C
Coefficient of apparent expansion of the 3. 200 C 4.1700C
liquid is 7. The coefficient of apparent expansion of a
1) 0.5/0C 2) 0.05/0C liquid when determined using two different
3) 0.005/0C 4) 0.0005/0C vessels A and B ar e  1 and  2 respectively.
2. The ratio of co-efficients of apparent If the coefficient of linear expansion of the
expansions of the same liquid in two vessel A is , the coefficient of linear
different vessels is 1:2. If 1 and 2 are expansion of the vessel B is
the coefficient of linear expansions then  1 2 1  2
coeffcient of real expansion of the liquid is a.    b.
1 2 2
1)21 - 2 2) 31 - 42
1  2  1  2
3)2 - 22 4) 61 - 32 c. d. 
3 3
Narayana IIT/PMT Academy 39
 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS JEE
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MAINS

8. If the coefficient of real expansion  r is 1% LVEL-III

more than coefficient of apparent expansion
EXPANSION OF LIQUIDS
,linear expansion coefficient of the material
is 1. A solid whose volume does not change with
r 100 r 101 r 101 r temperature floats in liquid at two different
a) b) c) d) temperatures t10C and t20 C of the liquid.
303 101 300 100
Fractions of the volume of the solid remain
submerged are f1 and f2 respectively. The
coefficient of absolute expansion of the liquid
KEY is equal to
LEVEL-II
1.3 2.4 3.2 4.3 5.4 f1  f 2 f1  f 2
1. f t  f t 2. f t  f t
6.2 7.4 8.1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

HINTS f1  f 2 f1  f 2
3. f t  f t 4.
2 1 1 2 f 2 t1  f 1 t 2
LEVEL-II
2. If g (apparent) of a liquid in a vessel is 76%
V of g (real) of that liquid, the coefficient of
1.  app  linear expansion of the vessel is
V1 (t2  t1 )
1. 8% of g (real) 2. 16% of g (real)
3 V V 3. 24% of g (real) 4. 25.3% of g (real)
V  V  V
4 2 2 3. A uniform pressure P is exerted on all sides
2.  r  x  31 ;  r  2 x  3 2 of a solid cube at temperature t0 C. By what
amount should the temperature of the cube
Solve gr
be raised in order to bring its volume back
97 to the original value before the pressure was
3. weight of body = Vd 0 g
100 Liquidsat C applied, if the bulk modulus is B and volume
coefficient is g?
= Vd Liquidsat 0t g
P P
97 d1 1) 2)
  1   rt B B
100 d 0
4. Weight of the body = 0.98VdL4g = VdLtg B 1
3) 4)
P BP
d4
 [1   r (t  4)] 4. If d1 and d2 are the densities of a liquid at t10
dt
d1
5.  R   a  3 g C and t20 C, then d is (g = coefficient of
2
l2  l1 real expansion)
6.    3
l1 t ,
1  t1 1  t1
7. R  a g 1. 2.
1  t 2 1  t 2

1  t 2 1  t 2
8. R  a g 3. 4.
1  t1 1  t1

40 Narayana IIT/PMT Academy

 JEE MAINS HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS

5. A piece of metal floats on mercury. The KEY

coefficients of volume expansion of the LEVEL-III
metal and mercury are  1 and  2 1.2 2.1 3. 2 4. 3 5. 3
respectively. If the temperature of both 6. 2 7.1 8.2 9. 1
mercury and metal are increased by an
amount t ,the fraction of the volume of the HINTS
metal submerged in mercury changes by the
factor.
LEVEL-III
1 1 1. d1 f1vt1  d 2 f 2 vt2
1. (   )  t 2. (   )  t
2 1 1 2
76
3.  1   2  t 4.  2   1 t 2. a  r
100
6. The coefficient of cubical expansion of liquid
and glass are in the ratio of 8:1. The volume F
of the liquid to be taken into 800 cc container K A
so that the unoccupied portion remains 3. v
constant is v
1.10cc 2. 100cc 3. 80cc 4. 8cc
4. d0  d t 1   t 
7. The loss in weight of a solid when immersed
in a liquid at 00C is w0 and at t0 C is ‘W’. If ds
5. fim 
cubical coefficient of expansion of the solid dl
and the liquid are  s and  l then W=
6.  1v1   2v2
1. W0 1  ( s   l )t  2. W0 1  ( s   l )t  x
7.  app 
W0t (m  x)t
3. W0  ( s   l )t  4.   
s l x
8. 
8. Mercury is poured into a glass vessel of  m  x  t
height 10 cm. At 100 C the level of mercury
9. The percentage change in volume
is 1 mm below the upper edge of the vessel.
The coefficient of volume expansion of V
 100    m   p  t  100
mercury is 1.82x10 -4 /K . Neglecting the V
expansion of the vessel , the mercury can
be heated to temperature t 0 C without LEVEL-IV
mercury overflowing then t is equal to 1. Certian volume of a liquid is taken in a long
1. 560C 2. 650C 3. 360C 4. 820C glass tube and its temperature is increased
9. A platinum sphere floats in mercury. Find at a uniform rate, the rate of increase in the
the percentage change in the fraction of length of the liquid depends on
volume of sphere immersed in mercury when a) length of the liquid depends on
the temperature is raised by 80C : ( volume b) area of cross section of the glass tube
expansivity of mercury is 182 10 6 / C and c) coefficient of expansion of glass
linear expansivity of platinum is 9  106 / C 1) only (a) is correct
2) (a) & (b) is correct
respectively)
3) (b) & (c) is correct
1) 1.24% 2) 1.38 % 3) 2.48 % 4) 2.76 %
4) (a) (b) & (c) are correct
Narayana IIT/PMT Academy 41
 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS JEE
JEEMAINS
MAINS

2. A metal ball suspended from a spring 7. Apparent expansion of a liquid depends upon
balance is immersed in water at 4C . If the 1) Nature of liquid 2) Nature of vessel
temperature of water is changed the reading 3) Temperature rise 4) Scale of temperature
in the balance 8. List - I List - II
(a) may decreases (b) increases a. Temperature of water e.273 K
(c) may remains same
at the bottom of a lake
1) only (c) is true 2) (b) is true
3) (a) & (c) are true 4) (b) & (c) are true b.  r of water is - ve f. 277 K
3. When a liquid in a vessel is heated, its level between
continuosly rises. Then
c.  r of water is positive g. above 277 K
1)  R is  ve   g  0
d. Temperature of water h. 273K and
2)  R is  ve   g is  ve just below ice layer in 277 K
3)  R   A 4)  R   g a Lake
4. Identify the correct statement from the 1) a- g, b-h, c-e, d-f 2) a-h, b-e, c-f, d-g
following: 3) a-e, b-f, c-g, d-h 4) a-f, b-h, c-g, d-e
1) Liquids have two coefficient of expansions as 9. LIST -I LIST -II
they do not have definite shape and size. a) App. expansion e) Nature of vessel
2) The apparent expansion of liquid may be equal and liqied
to zero. b) Real expansion f) Nature of liquid
3) The expansion of liquids is less than the solids. c) ga g) Nature of
4) The real expansion of liquids depends on the
Vessel&liquid
nature of material of the container.
5. Identify the correct statements from the and temperature
following: d) gr h) Nature of
a) The apparent expansion of liquid depends on liquid&temp.
the expansion of material of the container 1) a-e, b-f, c-g, d-h 2) a-f, b-g, c-h, d-e
b)The real expansion of the liquids depends on 3) a-g, b-h,c-e, d-f. 4) a-h, b-e, c-f, d-g.
the density of the liquid. 10. LIST -I LIST - II
c)The expansion of liquid with respect to the
container is called the apparent expansion. m1
a) Mass of liquid expelled e) 1   t
1) Only a & b are true 2) Only b & c are true
3) a,b & c are true 4) Only a & c are true on heating
6. A liquid of coefficient of real expansion  is
partly filled in a vessel of coefficient of linear d1  d 2
b)Corrected Barometric f) d t
expansion  /3. When the system is heated, 2
then. height
a) The volume of space above liquid remains
same.  a m1t
b) The level of liquid relative to vessel remains c) Coefficient of real g) 1   t
a
same. expansion of liquid
c) The fraction of volume of liquid in vessel
remains same. d) Mass of liquid h) h0 1  ( r   )t 
1) Only (a) is correct remaining on heating
2)Only (b) & (c) are correct 1) a-g, b-h, c-f, d-e 2) a-h, b-e, c-g, d-h
3)Only ( c) is true 4) All are true 3) a-e, b-f, c-g, d-h. 4) a-f,b-g, c-h, d-e
42 Narayana IIT/PMT Academy
 JEE MAINS HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS

11. LIST -I LIST-II 4) A is false but R is true

a) gg is +ve & < gr e) liquid level does 15. Assertion(A): A wooden block is floating
not change on a liquid. when the temperature of the
b) gg is - ve f) liquid level liquid is increased the volume of the block
increases immersed in the liquid increases.
continuously Reason (R): As temperature increases, the
c) gg = gr g) liquid level density of liquid decreases.
decreases. 1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
d) gg > gr h) liquid level first explanation of A
decreases and 2) Both A & R are true but R is not the correct
then increases. explanation of A.
1) a-g, b-e, c-f, d-h 2) a-h, b-f, c-e, d-g.
3) A is true but R is false
3) a-e, b-f, c-g,d-h 4) a-f, b-g,c-h,d-e
4) A is false but R is true
12. Assertion(A): It is observed that when a
16. Assertion(A): when a liquid in a container
liquid is heated in a vessel its level does not
change. is heated first the level of the liquid
Reason (R): co-efficient of real of the falls down and then rises .
liquid = coefficient of volume expansion of Reason (R): when the liquid in a container
the vessel is heated first the container undergoes
1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct expansion and generally the expansion
explanation of A of the liquid is greater than that of solid
2) Both A & R are true but R is not the correct 1)Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A. explanation of A
3) A is true but R is false 2)Both A & R are true but R is not the correct
4) A is false but R is true explanation of A.
13. Assertion(A): when a liquid with co-efficient 3)A is true but R is false 4) A is false but R is true
of g is heated in a vessel of coefficient of 17. Assertion(A): when a beaker containing
 liquid is heated the center of mass of
linier expansion , the level of liquid in the system first falls down then rises
3
the vessel remains un changed. up above the initial position.
Reason (R): ga = gr- gg = gr - 3 a = 0 Reason (R): The liquid in the beaker
1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct undergoes expansion on heating and the
explanation of A expansion of liquid is more than that of
2) Both A & R are true but R is not the correct beaker.
explanation of A 1)Both A and R are true and R is the correct
3) A is true but R is false explanation of A
4) A is false but R is true 2)Both A & R are true but R is not the correct
14. Assertion(A): Real expansion of liquid does explanation of A.
not depend up on material of container. 3)A is true but R is false
Reason (R): Liquids have no definite shape. 4) A is false but R is true
They acquire the mouth of the containers in
which they are taken. KEY
1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A
LEVEL-IV
2) Both A & R are true but R is not the correct 1.4 2.2 3.1,2,3 4.1,2 5.3
explanation of A. 6.2 7.1,2,3 8.4 9.2 10.1
3) A is true but R is false 11.2 12.1 13.1 14.2 15.1
16.1 17.1
Narayana IIT/PMT Academy 43