Yrjkjbm ;

Iasnúm y gmin`jim in lmdvnrtaimrns in pmtndlaj IL/IL

jas`jims H`ykjle y Hmrwjri
Ljr`ms Ijdan` Vj`jlams Mrtnoj Ljr`ms.pj`jlamsmFulundlj.niu.nl

Hrjdlaslm B. Xaluúj Kustms hrjdlaslm.valudjFulundlj.niu.nl

A. ADY[MI^LLAÜD

AA. IN\J[[M@@M

:. IA\NÚM ONDN[J@ IN@ LMDXN[YAIM[ LMDG^YJIM

H@QKJLE
Nspnlahaljlamdns
Nspnlahaljlamdns Yáldaljs

Yndsaüdin
ndsaüdin NdtrjijX
NdtrjijX a 7:;6 X jl ( Xrgs )
Yndsaüdin \j`aijX m7:; X il
ndsaüdin \j`aijX
Haourj ;. Xm`tjbn y lmrrandtn nd `j ljroj.
Gêxagj Lmrrandtn A m7:6 J

Vmtndlaj in \j`aij Gjxagj Vm Gjx 7:;6 _

:.; Lê`lu`ms y jdj`alns in `j rnsastndlaj nd `j ljroj
Gêxagm razjim in `j tndsaüd in \j`aij ∈ X m76.:; X il ;
Xm
Vm 7
Hrnlundlaj in Lmdgutjlamd 7:66 ECz . [
;
:;
[7 7:.; Ρ
:.: \agu`jlaüd y orêhalms in Xm`tjbn y lmrrandtn. :;6

Lj`lu`m in` lal`m in trjkjbm

D :7:; 5 D ;7:

X a∟I
∟D ;
:∛ I
X m7
D:
:81.?∟I
∟:
:∛I
:;7
:;
:99 ∛:99 I 7:81.?
I 7 6.9>1
Lj`lu`m in Ljpjlatjdlaj
Haourj :. Jrgjim in` larluatm
Lj`lu`m adiultjdlaj gçdagj
 ; ;
X m∟ D ∟(:∛ I ) ∟Y sw
@gad ≮
; Am ;.9.- \n`nllaüd in `ms lmgpmdndtns j uta`azjr.
; ;
½ :; ∟( :∛6.9>1 ) ∟: Nslmoagms ud iamim qun smpmrtn n` vm`tjbn in advnrsj in
:;
:66 E
@gad ≮ 7;.>; ½ :6∛ 9
C D;
∟
; :6 Xs + X ; qun nd nstn ljsm
ljsm snrçj aouj` j :; +:;7;9.
D:
@gad ≮ ;>; uC

:.<- Nspnlahaljlaüd in `j rn`jlaüd in trjdshmrgjlaüd y in `j Nslmoagms

Nslmoa gms n` iam
iamim
im :D9
:D966:
66: lmd ljpjl
ljpjlaij
aiji
i in vm`tjb
vm`tjbnn nd
advnrsj in 96X.
adiultjdl
adiultjdlaj
aj gjodn
gjodntazj
tazjstn
stn in` trjdshmr
trjdshmrgjim
gjimrr iagndsam
iagndsamdjim,
djim,
tapm in dòl`nm y invjdjim pragjram y snludijram.

\n uta`azm udj rn`jlaüd in trjdshmrgjlaüd in D:7:; D;7:.

@j adiultjdlaj gjodntazjstn snoòd `ms lê`lu`ms ns in ;>; uC.
Dòl`nm in Canrrm.
Canrrm.

:.9.- Iasnúm y n`nllaüd in ha`trm in sj`aij.

Lê`lu`m in Ljpjlatjdlaj

X m∟ I ∟Y sw
∈ X m7
[L
X m∟ I∟Y sw
L7
[∈Xm
:;∟6.9>1∟:
:66 E ∛9
L7 7 <.3; ½ :6 H .
:.;∟6.:;
Ljpjlatmr in <;66 uH
L 76.<3; gH

:.>..-- \agu`jl
:.>.. \agu`jlaüd
aüd nd `jzm jkanrtm lmd adtn
adtnrrup
rruptmrn
tmrnss ainj`ns
ainj`ns

(^sn ud sagu`jimr in su adtnrás).

^d adiultmr in ;?6 uH
 ;9 / 93 7 I
I 7 6.>
Lj`lu`m in` Xm`tjbn Iamim Rndnr
X z∛X a
I GJS7 ½
Xz
6.> X z7 93
X z718

Lj`lu`m in Ljpjlatjdlaj

X m∟ I ∟Y sw
∈ X m7
[L
X m∟ I∟Y sw
L7
[∈Xm
;9∟6.>∟:
:> E ∛<
L7 7>.?3? ½ :6 H
6.>?8∟ 6.;9
L 7>.?3? gH
Lj`lu`m adiultjdlaj gçdagj
;. IA\N
IA\NÚM
ÚM OND
ONDN[
N[J@
J@ I
IN@
N@ LMD
LMDXN
XN[YA
[YAIM
IM[
[ ; ;
LMDG^YJIM HM[_J[I
≮ X ∟D ∟(:∛ I ) ∟Y sw
m
@gad
; Am
Nspnlahaljlamdns
Nspnlahaljlamdns Yáldaljs ; ;
½ : ∟( : ∛6.> ) ∟:
;9
:> E
Yndsaüd
ndsaüdin NdtrjijX a 793 X il
in NdtrjijX @gad ≮ 79.36? ½ :6∛ 8
C
∟
; 9:.8
Yndsaüd
ndsaüdin \j`aijX m7;9 X il
in \j`aijX
@gad ≮ 9.36? uC
GêxagjLmrrandtn A m7 9:.8 J

Vmtndlaj
Vmtndla Gjxagj Vm Gjx 7: E_
j in \j`aij Gjxagj
;. Jrgjim in larluatm y prmlniagandtm.
prmlniagandtm.
Gêxagmrazjim in `j tndsaüdin \j`aij ∈ X m76.;9 X il

Hrnlundlajin
Hrn Lmdgutjlamd7:> ECz .
lundlajin Lmdgutjlamd
<. Jdê`asas in [nsu`tjims
Ljsm :

:.Lê`lu`ms y jdj`alns in `j rnsastndlaj nd `j ljroj.

; 9. Iagndsamdjgan
Iagndsamdjgandtm
dtm
Xm
Vm 7
[

;9
; AAA. LMDL@^\AMDN\
[7 76.>?8
:666

Lj`lu`m in` lal`m in trjkjbm

D :7: 5 D ;7: [NHN[NDLAJ\

U:W
U:W [mkn
[mknrt
rt @. Kmy
Kmy`n
`nst
stji
ji y @mua
@muass Djsc
Djscn`n`se
sey.
y. N`nltrmdüdalj2 Ynmrçj in
X a∟D ; Larluatms y Iaspmsatavms N`nltrüdalms. Gnxalm2 Vnjrsmd, ;661.
X m7 ∟I
D: