UV

1. Factor Affecting UV Protection of Textile Materials

2. Explain The Working Principle of An Ideal UV Absorbing and Also Put Down Some

Examples

3. Categorize The UVR and Their Impact on Human (Benefits & Risks).

4. Define and Categorize UV Index with Protection Systems

5. Illustrate How a Textile Material Be UV Protected.

6. define UV protection factor (UPF). Classify textiles according to UPF.

ANSWER

Factor Affecting Uv Protection of Textile Materials

1) Nature of Fibre: Natural fibres have lower degree of UVR absorption than synthetic
fibres
2) Moisture & Swelling: The swelling of fibres due to moisture absorption which reduces
interstices and consequently the UV transmittance
3) Fabric Construction: UPF increases with fabric density & thickness for a similar weave
4) Colour / Shade: Darker colored fabrics show higher UPF ratings than lighter shades.
5) Stretch and UV protection: When a textile material is stretched, the porosity increases
accompanied by a decrease in fabric thickness thereby allowing increased levels of UVR
transmission.

Explain The Working Principle of An Ideal UV Absorbing and Also Put Down Some Examples

UV absorbers, work by targeting the incident radiation. They

absorb the highly energetic UV light and re-emit the energy thus
absorbed at a lower energy state thereby dissipating the energy
in a less dangerous form. The absorbed energy is transmitted
back as heat or radiations of a longer wavelength.
Categorize The UVR and Their Impact on Human (Benefits & Risks).

There are three categories of UV radiation:

• UVA: 320 - 400 nm • UVB: 280 - 320 nm • UVC: 100 - 280 nm

Effect of UVR:

• Benefits for Human:

1. UV rays synthesize vitamin D, which prevents rickets.

2. UV radiation is used for sterilization and disinfection.

3. An appropriate amount of sunbathing promotes blood circulation and improves resistance to

various pathogenic bacteria.

• Risk For Human Skin:

1. Both UVA and UVB rays can cause permanent changes to the skin.

2. these rays are also responsible for burns and the degradation of fibres in the dermis

3. can also cause skin cancers by destroying chromosomes.

Define and Categorize UV Index with Protection Systems

The UVI is a simple measure of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. It has been designed to
indicate the potential for adverse health effects and to encourage people to protect themselves. The
values of the Index range from zero upward and the higher the Index value, the greater the potential for
damage to the skin and eye, and the less time it takes for harm to occur.
Illustrate How a Textile Material Be Uv Protected.

1. UV Absorbers: An UV protection finish include efficient absorption of UV radiation at 290–340

nm, quick transformation of the high UV energy into the vibration energy in the absorber
molecules and then into heat energy in the surroundings without photo degradation.
2. Nanofinishes: Finishes like ZnO nanomaterials have some excellent properties like non-toxic,
antistatic, antibacterial and UV absorption properties,
3. Dyes That Act as UV Absorbers: Many dyes absorb UV radiation. Studies show that for a given
colour, the darker the shade, the higher the protection.
define UV protection factor (UPF) .classify textiles according to UPF.

The UPF rate indicates how much of the sun's UV radiation is absorbed by the fabric. For example, a
fabric with a UPF rating of 50 only allows 1/50th of the sun's UV radiation to pass through it.