- Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

1 E = mc(Δ)T in any form OR 2

(c =) E / m(Δ)T OR
(c =) 35 000 / (0.35 × 24.5) (1)
(c =) 4100 J / (kg°C) (1)

2 lagging/insulation/named 2
insulator (around/on block) (1)
reduction of thermal energy/heat
losses (1)

3 (specific) heat capacity of water 2

is much higher than (specific)
heat capacity of sand (1)
same rate of energy supplied to
sand and sea (1)

4 any three from: 3

- during first eight minutes temp
rises
- (because) internal energy of
water rises
- (from thermal energy input)
during next five minutes
temperature is constant / stays
the same
- (because) internal energy does
not rise (at boiling point)
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

5(a) (E =) mcΔT OR 2
0.30 × 4200 × (100 – 95) (1)
6300 J (1)

5(b) (C =) E ÷ Δ T OR 2
6300 ÷ 84 (1)
75 J / °C (1)

6 E = mc ΔT in any form OR 4
(E =) mc ΔT (1)
efficiency = (energy) output /
(energy) input in any form (1)
15 × 4200 × ΔT = 5000 × 3600
× 0.2 (1)
(ΔT = 5000 × 3600 × 0.2 / 15 ×
4200 =) 57 °C (1)

7 E = Pt in any form OR 4
(E) = 370 × 240 (1)
= 89 000 (J) (1)
E = mc∆T in any form (1)
(temperature increase = 89 000
/ {5.0 × 420} = ) 42 °C (1)
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

8 power supply AND (top-pan) 4

balance / scales AND stopwatch
/ timer / joulemeter (1)

measure mass (of block) AND

initial AND final temperature
(1)
reading from joulemeter OR
measure time (of heating) AND
(E =) Pt / VIt OR c = Pt / m∆T
(1)
c = Pt / m∆T OR c = E / m∆T
(1)

[Total: 25]