Jayantha Sasti 8f

Adaptations of Red Mangroves

 Question 1
The scientific name for the Red Mangrove is Rhizophora Mangle. Their habitat is
where the land meets the sea (coastal intertidal zone). This plant likes to grown in
brackish water (a mixture of saltwater from the sea and freshwater from the rivers or
rainfall). Their habitat often consists of muddy, silt-rich sediments. This is challenging
for many plants, but the root system of the Rhizophora Mangle is adapted to live
here. These roots also let it breathe properly.

Question 2.1: The Adaptations of Red Mangroves for Defence/Protection

The Red Mangrove uses chemical compounds in its leaves and bark to deter
herbivores and pests. These chemicals can make the plant unpalatable or even toxic
to animals that might want to eat it. The plant’s roots provide stability against tidal
currents and waves, also making it difficult for herbivores to uproot the plant. The
roots also form a barrier, preventing animals from climbing up and feeding on the
leaves.

Question 2.2: The Adaptations of Red Mangroves for Acquiring and Producing
Food (Leaves)
Red Mangroves can take in water from their environment and filter out excess salt,
allowing them to use the water for photosynthesis without getting harmed by the salt.
Its thick waxy leaves reduce water loss. Their dark green leaves help them absorb
more sunlight. Some Red Mangroves have specialized cells that excrete extra salt
through their leaves, thereby preventing the build-up of salt that could harm the
plant’s ability to photosynthesize.

Question 2.3: The Adaptions of Red Mangroves

for Reproducing
Its seeds start to grow while it is still attached to the
parent tree, allowing them to germinate and develop
into small plants before they fall into the water. Once
the seeds have developed, they are released into the
water during high tides or storms. The seeds float
and are carried away by ocean currents, allowing
them to reach different areas. The seedlings have air
pockets in their roots and stems, helping them stay
afloat. The Red Mangrove’s flowers produce pollen
that is carried by the wind or water to reach other
flowers for fertilisation.

1|Page
 Question 2.4: The Adaptations of Red Mangroves for Acquiring Water and
Nutrients (roots and stems)
Their roots grow down from the
stem into the mud and water,
providing stability to the plant and
also act as straws, pulling water
from the ground. Some have roots
that grow upwards from the
branches towards the ground,
absorbing moisture from the air and
even rainwater. They control the
amount the amount of salt that enters their systems, preventing damage and
ensuring proper water intake. Their roots are designed to trap the nutrients from the
mud in which in it lives.

2|Page