MODEL ANSWER SHEET

Q.1.A) Explain the following terms -

i) Operating System - An operating system (OS) is system software that manages
computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for
computer programs.
ii) Memory Management - Memory management is the functionality of an
operating system which handles or manages primary memory. Memory
management keeps track of each and every memory location, regardless of either
it is allocated to some process or it is free. It checks how much memory is to be
allocated to processes. It tracks whenever some memory gets freed or unallocated
and correspondingly it updates the status.

Q.1.B) Solve any two questions of the following –

i) Explain classification of computers with example.

Types of Computers: Size

1)Micro Computers
The microcomputer is also recognized as a personal computer, these are
comparatively economical. Microcomputers are small computers incorporating a
microprocessor, (CPU), memory, storage area, an input unit, and an output unit.

2)Mini Frame or Mini Computer

Minicomputers are digital and multi-user computer systems with the connection of
more than one CPU. Thus, multiple users can work on these computers
simultaneously. Mini-frame computers are employed in institutes and work units
for tasks such as billing, accounting, and record management.

3)Mainframe Computer
Computers utilized by large organisations to manage bulk data are designated as
Mainframe computers. Mainframe computers are multi-programming, high-
performance and multi-user computers, which implies they can manage the
workload of more than 100 users at a time on the computer.
4)Supercomputer
Supercomputers come under the biggest, fastest, powerful, and most expensive
type of computer for processing data type; they are designed to process an
immense amount of data. A supercomputer can treat trillions of
instructions/directions in a second. It has thousands of interconnected processors.

Types of Computers: Working Principle

1)Analog Computer
Analog computers are outlined to process analog data. Analog data is continuous
data that varies continuously and cannot have discrete values. Analog computers
are utilized primarily to measure physical units like the voltage, electric current,
pressure, temperature and convert them into digits.

2)Digital Computer
The digital computer is outlined to execute calculations and logical operations at a
high pace. Such computers are proficient in solving problems in discrete formats.
It acquires the raw data as input is in the form of digits/binary numbers (i.e 0 and
1) and processes it with programs stored in its memory to produce the output.

3)Hybrid Computer
Hybrid computers as the name signify exhibit features of both Analog and Digital
computers. It is fast like an analog computer and has memory and accuracy like
those of digital computers. It can process both continuous and discrete data. It
takes analog signals and transforms them into digital form before processing them.

Types of Computer: Purpose

1)General Purpose
General computers are designed to perform various everyday tasks such as;
Document preparation, Financial analysis, Printing documents, Basic Input/Output
functions, Creating databases, Data Saving on a smaller scale, Calculations with
accuracy and consistency, General performing activities.

2) Special Purpose
When a computer is outlined specifically to perform a certain function, such
type of computer is identified as a Special Purpose computer.
These types may include:
o Thermometers to test temperature
o Devices used for examining climate change
o Generators to manage electricity
o Large computers for IT Companies
ii) Differentiate between LAN, MAN, WAN with example.

Parameter LAN MAN WAN

Full Form LAN is an acronym MAN is an acronym WAN is an acronym for

for Local Area for Metropolitan Area Wide Area Network.
Network. Network.

Definition and LAN is a network MAN is a The WAN network

Meaning that usually comparatively wider spans to an even larger
connects a small network that covers locality. It has the
group of computers large regions- like capacity to connect
in a given towns, cities, etc. various countries
geographical area. together. For example,
the Internet is a WAN.

Network The LAN is private. The MAN can be The WAN can also be
Ownership Hospitals, homes, both private or both private or public.
schools, offices, public. Many
etc., may own it. organizations and
telecom operators
may own them.

Maintenance Very easy to design Comparatively Very difficult to design

and Designing and maintain. difficult to design and and maintain.
maintain.

Speed LAN offers a very MAN offers a WAN offers a low

high Internet moderate Internet Internet speed.
speed. speed.

Delay in It faces a very short It faces a moderate It faces a high

Propagation propagation delay. propagation delay. propagation delay.

Uses Schools, homes, It basically covers a It covers an entire

colleges, hospitals, city, a small town, or country, a subcontinent,
offices, etc., can any given area with a or an equivalent area.
privately use it. bigger radius than
the LAN.

Perform following conversions –

 (110111011)2 hexadecimal (?)16
iii) Ans- (1BB)16
a] (E6D7.58)16 decimal (?)10
Ans- (59105. 34375)10

b] (364)10 octal (?)8

Ans- (554)8
c] (467.32)8 hexadecimal (?)16
Ans- (137.68)16
d]
Solve the following multiple choice question/s.
What does ++ operator do in C when applied to a variable?
Q.2.A) a) Decrements by 1
b) Increments by 1
i) c) Doubles the value
d) Leaves it unchanged

What is the order of precedence of the arithmetic operators in c?

a) Addition, Multiplication, Division
ii) b) Division, Multiplication, Addition
c) Multiplication, Division, Addition
d) Division, Addition, Multiplication

Solve any two questions of the following-

Q.2.B) Define Operators? Explain different types of operators.

Operators can be defined as the symbols that help us to perform specific
i) mathematical, relational, bitwise, conditional, or logical computations on
operands.
Types of operators -
1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Relational Operators
3. Logical Operators
4. Assignment Operators
5. Increment & Decrement Operators
6. Conditional Operators
7. Bitwise Operators
8. Special Operators
  Students have to explain all types in brief.

Explain different data-types with their size and format specifications.

Sr. Datatypes Size Format specification

ii) No.
1 char 1 byte %c
2 unsigned char 1 byte %uc
3 int 2 byte %d
4 unsigned int 2 byte %ud
5 float 4 byte %f
6 double 8 byte %f
7 Long int 4 byte %ld
8 long double 10 byte %lf
9 string Depends on no. of %s
characters
 Students have to explain all datatypes in brief.

Write a program for multiplication of three numbers i.e. a, b, and c.

#include<stdio.h>
iii) #include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
int Result;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of a, b & c:\n");
scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);
Result=a*b*c;
printf("Result =%d", Result);
getch();
}
Output – Enter the value of a, b & c:
123
Result= 6
 Solve the following multiple choice question/s.
Q.3.A) Which of the following operations is/are performed by the ALU?
i) a) Data manipulation
b) Exponential
c) Square root
d) All of the above

Solve any one question of the following –

Q.3.B)
Define following terms –
i) a) Constants –
Constants are the variables whose values cannot be changed throughout the
execution of the program once they are initialized at the beginning of the
program

b) Keywords –
Keywords are pre-defined, reserved words used in programming that have
special meanings to the compiler.

c) Identifiers –
These are user-defined names used for naming of variables, function and arrays
We cannot use keyword as identifiers. Identifiers must be different from the
keywords because we keywords are reserved words.

d) Compiler –
A compiler is a special program that translates a programming language's
source code into machine code, bytecode or another programming language.

e) Variables –
A variable is a name of the memory location. It is used to store data. Its value
can be changed, and it can be reused many times.

Solve given operation –

ii) ((a+b) > (c-d)) | | ((a-b) < (d+c)) && (!(c > d))

where a = 8, b = 12, c = 7, d = 13.

Ans- = (( 8+ 12) > ((7 – 13) | | ((8 – 12) < (13+7)) &&(!(7 > 13))
= (20 > - 6) | | ( - 4 < 20) && ( ! F)
= ( T) | | (T) && (T)
= (T) | | (T)
= T