TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
Tel. No. +632-5301-3001 local 608 | Fax No. +632-8521-4063
Email: cos@tup.edu.ph

Name: Section:
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ACTIVITY 12.1 ANIMAL TISSUE
Introduction
When cells of similar structure and origin are grouped together and function as one, they are called tissues.
The branch of science that deals with the study of tissues is called histology. Tissues can be classified into four
types: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous.
The first type of tissue used in the exercise is the epithelial tissue. This tissue is composed of closely
packed sheets of cells that cover the surface of the body or one of its cavities. On its apical side, it is exposed to
air or body fluids, and the basal side rests against a non-cellular layer produced by the epithelial tissue and
underlying connective tissue called the basement membrane. The epithelial tissue plays vital functions in
protection, secretion. absorption, and providing surfaces for diffusion.

Objectives
After this exercise. the students should be able to:
1. Identify and describe the different types of tissues that will be examined
2. Describe the function and location of the various types of tissues in the body

1. Simple Epithelial Tissue

A. Simple squamous epithelium

Materials
compound microscope
prepared slide of the human brown skin

Procedure
1. Search for images of prepared slide for the surface view of the human epidermis and examine the cells under
the microscope.
 TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
Tel. No. +632-5301-3001 local 608 | Fax No. +632-8521-4063
Email: cos@tup.edu.ph

1. Draw at least three examples of simple squamous epithelial cells visualized under LPO and HPO. Label
your drawing.

LPO HPO

2. Answer the following.

a. How do the cells look like?

b. Are these nucleated?

 TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
Tel. No. +632-5301-3001 local 608 | Fax No. +632-8521-4063
Email: cos@tup.edu.ph

B. Simple columnar epithelium

Materials
compound microscope
prepared slide of the small intestine of a frog

Procedure
1. Search and Examine the slide of the cross section of a frog's small intestine under the LPO. Notice the finger-
like projections, the villi, oriented toward the lumen of the small intestine. These villi are lined with columnar
epithelium.
2. Observe the location of the nucleus of each cell.
3. Note the presence of some cells that appear as empty sacs. These are goblet cells that secrete mucus for the
small intestine.

Results
1. Make a sketch of at least four columnar cells visualized under the HPO, including a goblet cell. Label
accordingly.

Columnar Cells and goblet cells under LPO

2. Draw a single columnar cell and label all the parts: cytoplasm, cell membrane, microvilli, and nucleus.

Columnar Cell under HPO

 TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
Tel. No. +632-5301-3001 local 608 | Fax No. +632-8521-4063
Email: cos@tup.edu.ph

3. Answer the following questions.

a. Where is the nucleus of the cell located?

b. Why are these called goblet cells?

c. What is mucus for?