CHAPTER QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of plants?

A cells contain chloroplast
B cell wall made of cellulose
C they are multicellular
D they store carbohydrate as glucose - it's stored at starch and sucrose

2. Fungi carry out saprotrophic nutrition. What is the meaning of this term?
A extracellular digestion of dead organic matter
B feeding on other living organisms
C making organic molecules by photosynthesis
D secreting digestive enzymes

3. Below are three groups of organisms.

1. viruses - neither because they are not made out of cells
2. bacteria - prokaryotic
3. yeasts - eukaryotic
Which of these organisms are prokaryotic?
A 1 only
B 2 only
C 1 and 2
D 1, 2 and 3

4. Which of the following is not caused by a virus?

A influenza - Influenza cause flu
B measles
C malaria - Plasmodium parasites
D AIDS - HIV causes AIDS

5. a The six main groups of living organisms are plants, animals, fungi, protoctists,
bacteria and viruses.
Name the group to which each of the following organisms belongs.
i. Mushroom - fungi
ii. Chlorella - protoctists (algae)
iii. Moss - plants
iv. Lactobacillus - bacteria

b The diagram shows a species of protoctist called Euglena. Use the diagram to explain
why Euglena is
classified as a protoctist and not as an animal or plant.
Like most protoctists, Euglena is a microscopic, single-celled organism. It has
features of both plant and animal cells: like plants, it contains chloroplasts; like
animals, it can move.

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6. a Draw a diagram to show the structure of a typical virus particle.

b Is a virus a living organism? Explain your answer.

No, virus is not a living organism. A virus can be considered either as living or as a
chemical. It does not have any of the normal characteristics of living things, except
that it is able to reproduce.

c Explain the statement 'viruses are all parasites'.

Viruses can reproduce only inside a host cell, by taking over the cell’s genetic
machinery to make more virus particles. So viruses are all parasites.

7. Explain the meanings of the following terms.

a prokaryotic - simpler cells which do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound
organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts

b hyphae - fine thread-like filaments forming the feeding network of cells of a fungus

c saprotrophic - a type of nutrition used by most fungi and some bacteria, where the
organism feeds on dead organic material by digesting it using extracellular enzymes

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