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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS

Class 11 - Physics
Time Allowed: 1 hour and 30 minutes Maximum Marks: 40

1. The rate of flow of liquids in a tube of radius r, length l, whose ends are maintained at a pressure difference p is [1]
4
πQpr
V= ηl
, where η is coefficient of viscosity and Q is

a) 1

8
b) 16

c) 1
d) 8

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2. Water flows along a horizontal pipe whose cross-section is not constant. The pressure is 1 cm of Hg, where the [1]

velocity is 35 cms-1. At a point where the velocity is 65 cms-1, the pressure will be

a
a) 1 cm of Hg b) 0.5 cm of Hg

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c) 8.9 cm of Hg
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d) 0.89 cm of Hg
The rate of flow of water in a capillary tube of length l and radius r is V. The rate of flow in another capillary [1]
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tube of length 2l and radius 2r for same pressure difference would be

a) 8V b) 16V
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c) 9V d) 2V
4. A parrot is in a wire case, which is hanging from a spring balance. Initially, the parrot sits in the cage and in the [1]
second instance the parrot flies inside the cage, the reading of the balance will be:
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a) Lesser when the parrot flies in the cage b) None of these

c) Greater when the parrot flies in the cage d) Remain unchanged

5. A spherical soap bubble has a radius ′r′. The surface tension of the soap film is T. The energy needed to double [1]
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the diameter of the bubble at the same temperature is:

a) 8πr 2
σ b) 2
4πr σ

c) 24π r 2
σ d) 14πr T
2

6. If the weight of a body in vacuum is w, w1, and w2 are the weights when it is immersed in a liquid of specific [1]
gravity ρ and ρ respectively, then the relation among w, w1 and w2 is
1 2

w1 ρ −w2 ρ w1 ρ +w2 ρ
a) w =
2

ρ2 −ρ1
1
b) w =
1

ρ1 +ρ2
2

w1 ρ +w2 ρ w1 ρ −w2 ρ
c) w =
2

ρ1 +ρ2
1
d) w =
1

w1 +w2
2

7. Dynamic lift is related to [1]

a) Bernoulli's theorem b) Equation of continuity

c) Pascal's law d) Archemedes' principle

8. Surface tension is due to [1]

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 a) frictional forces between molecules b) adhesive forces between molecules

c) Both cohesive forces between molecules d) cohesive forces between molecules

and adhesive forces between molecules
9. Two capillaries of lengths L and 2L and of radii R and 2R respectively are connected in series. The net rate of [1]
4

flow of fluid through them will (Given, rate of the flow-through single capillary, X = ) be
πP R

8ηL

a) X b) X
9 7

8 5

c) 8

9
X d) 5

7
X
10. It is easier to spray water to which soap is added, because: [1]

a) Addition of soap to water increases the b) Addition of soap to water decreases the
surface tension of water surface tension of water

c) Addition of soap to water makes surface d) Addition of soap to water increases its
tension of water zero density

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11. An open tank filled with water (depsity ρ ) has a narrow hole at a depth of h below the water surface. The [1]
velocity of water flowing out is

a
−−−
a) 2gh b) √2gh

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c) hρ g
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d) gh
The terminal velocity of a tiny droplet is v. N number of such identical droplets combine together forming a [2]
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bigger drop. Find the terminal velocity of the bigger drop.
13. Water flows through a horizontal pipe of varying cross-section at the rate of 20 litres per minute. Determine the [2]
velocity of water at a point where the diameter is 4 cm.
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14. What is stoke’s law and what are the factors on which viscous drag depends? [2]
15. The viscous force 'F' acting on a body of radius 'r' moving with a velocity 'v' in a medium of coefficient of [2]
viscosity ′
η
′
is given by F = 6πηrv. Check the correctness of the formula.
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16. The terminal velocity of a copper ball of radius 2.0 mm falling through a tank of oil at 20°C is 6.5 cms-1. [2]

Compute the viscosity of the oil at 20°C. The density of oil is 1.5 × 103 kg m-3, the density of copper is 8.9 ×

103 kg m-3.
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17. A garden hose having an internal diameter 2.0 cm is connected to a lawn sprinkler that consists of an enclosure [2]
with 24 holes, each 0.125 cm in diameter. If water in the hose has a speed of 90.0 cms-1, find the speed of the
water leaving the sprinkler holes.

18. A vertical off-shore structure is built to withstand a maximum stress of 109 Pa. Is the structure suitable for [3]

putting up on top of an oil well in the ocean? Take the depth of the ocean to be roughly 3 km, and ignore ocean
currents.
19. A liquid is kept in a cylindrical vessel that is being rotated about its axis. The liquid rises at the sides. If the [3]
radius of the vessel is 0.05 m and the speed of rotation is 2 rps, find the difference in the heights of the liquid at
the centre of the vessel and at its sides.
20. In deriving Bernoulli's equation, we equated the work done on the fluid in the tube due to its change in the [3]
potential and kinetic energy.
a. What is the largest average velocity of blood flow in an artery of diameter 2 × 10 −3
m if the flow must
remain laminar?(Given, η blood = 2.084 × 10
−3
P aS and ρ blood
3
= 1.06 × 10 K g/m )
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 b. Do the dissipative forces become more important as the fluid velocity increases? Discuss qualitatively.

21. A fully loaded Boeing aircraft has a mass of 3.3 × 105 kg. Its total wing area is 500 m2. It is in level flight with [3]
a speed of 960 km/h.
i. Estimate the pressure difference between the lower and upper surfaces of the wings
ii. Estimate the fractional increase in the speed of the air on the upper surface of the wing relative to the lower
surface. [The density of air is ρ = 1.2 kgm-3]
22. Consider the hydraulic lift having small cylindrical piston and larger piston with radii 4.0 cm and 16 cm, [5]
respectively. If a truck of mass 3000 kg is placed on the larger piston, then find out the force must be applied to
the small piston to lift the truck. Also find how far must the small piston move down to lift the truck through a

height of 0.20 m. Assume initially these two pistons are at the same height, (take g = 10 m/s2).
A downward force F1 is applied to a piston with a small area or smaller piston and a downward force with
magnitude F2 equal to the weight of the truck is applied on the larger piston.

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