Answers and Explanations 275

Answer Key 1 1
16 = x + RS QS = 16 and QR = x
3 3
Section 16-1
1
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D RS = 16 − x Solve for RS .
3
PS = PQ + QR + RS Segment Addition Postulate
Section 16-2
1 1 1
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C x = (12 − x) + x + (16 − x) Substitution
3 3 3
Section 16-3 1
x = 28 − x Simplify.
3
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
4 1
x = 28 Add x to each side .
Chapter 16 Practice Test 3 3
3 4 3 3
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A ⋅ x = ⋅ 28 Multiply by each side.
6. D 7. 540 8. 105 4 3 4 4
x = 21
Therefore, PS = x = 21 .

3. B
Answers and Explanations
Ray CA and Ray CD are opposite rays, because
Section 16-1
points A , C , and D are collinear and C is
1. D between A and D .

x+3 2x −1 4. D
P Q R x+3 3x − 6
PQ = QR Definition of Midpoint A B C
x + 3 = 2x −1 Substitution
x + 3 − x = 2x −1 − x Subtract x from each side. Note: Figure not drwan to scale.
3 = x −1 Simplify. 2
4=x AB = BC Given
3
PR = PQ + QR Segment Addition Postulate
2
= x + 3 + 2x −1 Substitution x + 3 = (3 x − 6) Substitution
= 3x + 2 3
= 3(4) + 2 = 14 x=4
x + 3 = 2x − 4 Simplify.
7=x Solve for x .
AC = AB + BC Segment Addition Postulate
2. C
= x + 3 + 3x − 6 Substitution
P Q S = 4x − 3 Simplify.
R
= 4(7) − 3 x=7
= 25
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

1 1
Let PS = x , then QR = PS = x . Section 16-2
3 3
PR = PQ + QR Segment Addition Postulate 1. D
1 1 40 + x − 90 = 180
12 = PQ + x PR = 12 and QR = x Straight measures 180.
3 3 x − 50 = 180 Simplify.
1 x − 50 + 50 = 180 + 50 Add 50 to each side.
PQ = 12 − x Solve for PQ .
3 x = 230
QS = QR + RS Segment Addition Postulate
276 Chapter 16

2. A Let m DBE = x
m ABE
= m ABD + m DBE Angle Addition Postulate
x (3 y − 8)
120 = m ABD + x Substitution
(5 x − 12) 120 − x = m ABD
m ABD + m CBD = 180 Straight measures 180.
120 − x + 135 = 180 Substitution
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. 255 − x = 180 Simplify.
x = 75
x + 5 x − 12 = 180 Straight measures 180.
6 x − 12 = 180 Therefore, m DBE = x = 75 .
6 x = 192
x = 32
x + 3 y − 8 = 180 Straight measures 180. Section 16-3
32 + 3 y − 8 = 180 x = 32
1. A
24 + 3 y = 180 Simplify.
24 + 3 y − 24 = 180 − 24 r
t
3 y = 156
(5 y − 9)
y = 52
(5 x + 4)
3x
3. B
C
Note: Figure not drawn to scale

B 5 x + 4 + 3 x = 180 If r t , consecutive interior

s are supplementary.
D O A 8 x + 4 = 180 Simplify.
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. 8 x = 176
x = 22
1 5 x + 4 + 5 y − 9 = 180 Straight measures 180.
m BOA = m COA Definition of bisector
2 5 x − 5 + 5 y = 180 Simplify.
1 5(22) − 5 + 5 y = 180 x = 22
m BOA = (8 x − 12) Substitution
2 110 − 5 + 5 y = 180 Simplify.
m BOA = 4 x − 6 Simplify.
105 + 5 y = 180 Simplify.
m DOB + m BOA = 180 Straight measures 180.
11x + 6 + 4 x − 6 = 180 Substitution
5 y = 75 Simplify.
15 x = 180 Simplify. y = 15
x = 12
Therefore, x + y = 22 + 15 = 37 .
Thus, m COA = 8 x − 12 = 8(12) − 12 = 84 .
2. C
m DOC + m COA = 180 Straight measures 180.
m DOC + 84 = 180 m COA = 84
m DOC = 96 a b n
2
4. C
c 3
E 1
D m

m 1= a If m n , corresponding s
are .
A B C
m 1 = 50 a = 50
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. m 2=b Vertical s are .
m 2 = 120 b = 120
Answers and Explanations 277

m 2 + m 3 = 180 If m n , consecutive interior 50 + x + 75 = 180 If m , consecutive interior

s are supplementary. s are supplementary.
120 + m 3 = 180 m 2 = 120 125 + x = 180 Simplify.
m 3 = 60 x = 55
m 1 + c + m 3 = 180 Straight measures 180.
50 + c + 60 = 180 m 1 = 50 and m 3 = 60 2. B
c + 110 = 180 Simplify.
c = 70 (2 x + 15)

3. D

y x y
m
2 70 m
1 Note: Figure not drwan to scale.
x n
y = 2 x + 15 If m , consecutive interior
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. s are supplementary.
x + y = 180 Straight measures 180.
m 1= x If m n , alternate interior
x + (2 x + 15) = 180 y = 2 x + 15
s are .
3 x + 15 = 180 Simplify.
m 2= y If m , alternate interior
3 x = 165
s are . x = 55
m 1 + m 2 + 70 = 360 There are 360 in a circle.
x + y + 70 = 360 m 1 = x and m 2 = y Therefore, y = 2 x + 15 = 2(55) + 15 = 125 .
x + y = 290
3. A
4. B A D
108 x
1 x

m
B C
55
m Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

m 1 = 55 If m , alternate interior m ABC = 108 If m , alternate interior

s are . s are .
m 1 + x = 90 The acute s of a right 1
triangle are complementary.
m DBC = m ABC Definition of bisector
2
55 + x = 90 m 1 = 55 1
x = 35 m DBC = (108) m ABC = 108
2
m DBC = 54 Simplify.
x = m DBC If m , alternate interior
Chapter 16 Practice Test
s are .
x = 54 m DBC = 54
1. C
m 4. C
x 75 D B
50
a
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
E A C
278 Chapter 16

m BAC = m DAB Definition of bisector x

m BAC = a m DAB = a
Since straight angles measure 180,
m DAE + m DAB + m BAC = 180 .
a
m DAE + a + a = 180 m DAB = m BAC = a
m DAE = 180 − 2a Subtract 2a . y
m BCA = m DAE If DA BC , corresponding
s are .
m BCA = 180 − 2a m DAE = 180 − 2a Draw a.
x + a = 360 360 in a circle.
5. A
x = 360 − a Subtract a from each side.
B y − a = 180 Straight measures 180.
D y = 180 + a Add a to each side.

Therefore, x + y = (360 − a ) + (180 + a ) = 540 .

68
x 65 8. 105
A C E
Q
Note: Figure not drawn to scale. P
110
m BCA = m DEC If DE BC , corresponding
R U
s are .
m BCA = 65 m DEC = 65
m DCE = x If AB CD , corresponding 145
S T
s are .
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
Since straight angles measure 180,
m BCA + m BCD + m DCE = 180 .
Draw RU , which is parallel to PQ and ST .
65 + 68 + x = 180 Substitution
133 + x = 180 Simplify. If two lines are parallel, then the consecutive
x = 47 interior angles are supplementary. Therefore,
m PQR + m QRU = 180 and
6. D m RST + m URS = 180 .
t 110 + m QRU = 180 m PQR = 110

r m QRU = 70 Subtract 110.

145 + m URS = 180 m RST = 145
35 a m URS = 35 Subtract 145.
c b
By the Angle Addition Postulate,
m QRS = m QRU + m URS .
c = 35 Vertical s are .
Substituting 70 for m QRU and 35 for m QRU
a + c = 90 a and c are complementary.
a + 35 = 90 c = 35
gives m QRS = 70 + 35 = 105 .
a = 55
b + c = 180 If r t , consecutive interior
s are supplementary.
b + 35 = 180 c = 35
b = 145
Therefore, a + b = 55 + 145 = 200 .

7. 540