HINTS/SOLUTION for RTM3131635

(Application of Derivatives)

1. (c) 5x2 + 7y2 = 12 2

9 
dy =  − 3
⇒ 10x + 14y =0  2 
dx
2
 dy   − 5x  3
⇒  =   =  
 dx  (−1, 1)  7 y  (−1, 1) 2
9
−5 × −1 5 = .
= = 4
7 ×1 7
ax2 + by2 = 12
5. (b) P(x) = 82 − 48x − 36x2
dy
⇒ 2ax + 2by =0 P′(x) = −48 − 72x
dx P′(x) = 0
 dy   − ax  a −48 −6 −2
  =   = ⇒x= = =
  (−1, 1) 
dx by  (−1, 1) b 72 9 3
P′′(x) = −72 < 0
a 5 a −7
× = −1 ⇒ = −2
b 7 b 5 ∴ P(x) attains its max at x =
3
then maximum value is
2. (c) Marginal Revenue =
d
(R(x )) − 2 −2 2
2
dx P  = 82 − 48 × − 36 ×  
= 4 × 0.006 x 3 − 3 × 0.003 x 2 + 0.53  3  3 3
when x = 10 = 82 + 32 − 16
M.R = 4 × 0.006 × 103 − = 98.
3 × 0.003 × 102 + 0.53 6. (a) x + y = 80
= 23.63 ⇒ y = 80 − x, P = xy4, P = x(80 − x)4
= x × 4(80 − x )3 × −1 + (80 − x )4 × 1
dP
3. (d) circumference = 2πr
⇒ c = 2πr dx
dc dr = (80 − x)3 (−4x + 80 − x)
= 2π = (80 −x)3 (80 − 5x)
dt dt
dP
= 2 × 3.14 × 4 =0
= 25.12 dx
⇒80 − x = 0 or 16 − x = 0
⇒ x = 80 or x = 16
= 2(2x − 3 ) × 2
dy
4. (a) x = 80 is rejected
dx
= 4(2x − 3) ∴ x = 16
Slope of the line joining (5, 0), (6, 6) is  d 2P 
6−0   < 0 at x = 16
2
= =6  dx 
6−5
The numbers are 16, 64
Then 4(2x − 3) = 6
3 9 9 7. (d) f(x) = sin2x + cos2x
⇒ 2x = + 3 = ⇒ x = sub in ‘y’
2 2 4 f′(x) = 2cos2x − 2sin2x
2 f′(x) = 0 ⇒ 2(cos2x − sin2x) = 0
 9 
then y =  2 × − 3  ⇒ cos2x = sin2x
 4  π
2x =
4
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 π (c) (h − 16)2 + r2 = 162 ⇒ r2 = 32h − h2
( )
x=
8 1 1
V = πr 2 h = π 32h − h 2 h
π 3 3
f(0) = 1, f   = 2
8 1
(
= π 32h 2 − h 3
3
)
f(2π) = 1
∴ Max. value = 2 at x =
π
.
dV 1
dh 3
[(
= π 64h − 3h 2 for max )]dv
dh
=0
8
∴ 64h − 3h2 = 0 ⇒ 64h = 3h2
8. (a) 64
⇒h= = 21.333
3
1 1 −2 3 1
9. (c) f(x) = x 3 , f′(x) = x =
3 2
3x 3 13. (b) Minimum value of |x| is 0
x = 64, ∆x = 0.8 1
⇒ Minimum value x − = 0
f(x + ∆x) = f(x) + f′(x) ∆x 3
1 1
=4+ × 0 .8 ⇒x= .
3 × 16 3
= 4.01666.
ds
14. (c) = 24t 2 − 14t = 24 − 14 = 10 ,
dy − 4c 2 −y dt
10. (a) xy = 4c , 2
= = = m1
dx 2 x when t =1
x
dy x
x2 − y2 = 4c2, = = m2 dy
dx y 15. (b) = 20 x 3 − 7 = 20 × 8 − 7 = 160 − 7
dx
−y x
m1 × m2 = −1, × = −1 = 153 .
x y
∴ the two curves cuts at orthogonally. 16. (c) Radius = 4 m
∆r = 0.03 m
a+b S.A = 4πr2
11. (b) = 8 , b = 16 − a
2 ds
∆s = = ×∆r
GM = g = ab = a(16 − a ) dr
= g = a(16 − a)
2 = 8πr . ∆r
dg = 8π × 4 × 0.03
2g = 16 − 2a = 0 = 0.96 π m2
da
a=8 17. (d) D C (4cosθ, 2sinθ)
d2 g
<0
da 2
g2 is max at a = 8
A B
max g2 = 8 × 8
max g = 8
Dimensions of the rectangle are 8cosθ
12. (c) and 4 sinθ
Area A = 32 sinθ cosθ = 16 sin2θ is
maximum
when sin2θ = 1
16
Maximum area = 16.
16
πr h = π(3h)2 h
1 2 1
h −16 18. (c) V =
3 3
h −16 = 3πh3
dV dh
⇒ = 3 = 9πh 2
dt dt
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 dh 1 1
⇒ = when h = 1 = 0.5 −
dt 3π × 1 768
1 = 0.5 − 0.001
= meters / min ute .
3π (65 ) 1
6
≈ 0.499.
dy dx
19. (b) 2y =8 23. (b) A = πr2
dt dt dA
dx dx ⇒ = 2πr
⇒y×2 =4 dr
dt dt dA
⇒y=2 when r = 6c.m, then = (2π) 6 c.m
dr
1 = 12 πc.m
⇒x=
2
1  24. (a) Area of an equilateral triangle
⇒  , 2  is the required point.
2  3 2
A= x

( )
4
20. (a) f’(x) = bebx − be−bx = b e bx − e −bx dA 3 dx 
=  2x . 
=
b
bx
e
[e − 1]
2bx dt 4  dt 
dA
=
3
(8 cm) × (4 cm/sec)
f’(x) > 0 if
b
e bx
[e − 1] > 0
2bx dt 2
= 16 3 cm2 /s
2bx
⇒e >1
⇒ 2bx > 0 1
25. (d) f(x) =
⇒ x > 0 ( Q b > 0) . 2
6 x + 2x + 1
x−2  1 
21. (a) y = , x≠3 6x2 + 2x + 1 = 6  x 2 + x  + 1
x−3  3 
dy (x − 3 ) − (x − 2) −1  1  1 
2
1
= = ⇒ 6 x 2 + x +    + 1 −
dx (x − 3)2
(x − 3)2 

3 6   36
∴ slope of the tangent at x = 5 2
 1 35 35
 dy  ⇒ 6 x +  + ≥ ∀x ∈ R
=    6  36 36
 dx  x =5
1 36
−1 f(x) = ≤ ∀ x ∈R
2
= 6 x + 2x + 1 35
(2)2 36
−1 i.e, max f(x) =
= . 35
4
−1 26. (b) f′(x) = 4x3 − 24x2 + 44x − 24
6 −1 −7 6 = 4(x − 1) (x − 2) (x − 3)
22. (c) f(x) = x so that f′(x) = x
6 f′(x) is positive in the interval (1, 2) and
f(x + ∆x) = f(x) + ∆x (f′(x)) (3, ∞). Hence f(x) is increasing in the
−1 interval (1, 2) ∪ (3, ∞)
∆x
⇒ (x + ∆x )− 6 = x 6 −
1
7
6x 6 27. (c) P = 2πr ⇒ P′(r) = 2π
Here, x = 64 and ∆x = 1 ∆P = P′(r).∆r = 2π × 0.4 = 0.8 π
⇒ (65 ) 6 = (64 ) 6 −
−1 −1 1
28. (d) 147y = x3
6(64 ) 6
7

dy
1 1 ⇒ 147 = 3x 2
= − dx
2 6 × 27
dy x 2 3
=
dx 147

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 dy x 2 dx dy
= <1 = →(2)
dx 49 dt dt
2
x < 49 Diffe both sides of (1) w.r. t. ‘t’
−7 < x < 7 ⇒ 2y
dy
=6
dx
dx dt
29. (a) V = 3t2 − 2t + 4 ⇒y=3
acceleration = 6t − 2 = 0 Substituting this value of y in (1)
1 9 = 6x
⇒ t=
3 3
⇒x=
Velocity when the acceleration is zero, 2
is
1 1 1 2 11 1
⇒ 3× − 2× + 4 = − + 4 = 34. (d) y = x≠6
9 3 3 3 3 x−6
dy −1
dy =
30. (b) y2 = 4x ⇒ y =2 dx (x − 6 )2
dx
For tangent having slope 3,
= = at (4, 4 )
dy 2 1
⇒ −1 −1
dx y 2 ⇒3= ⇒ (x − 6 )2 =
(x − 6)2 3
dy
x2 = 4y ⇒ 2x = 4 Which is not possible as square of a
dx real number cannot be negative.
= = 2 at (4, 4 )
dy x There is no point on the given curve
dx 2
35. (a) y = x2 − 4x + 8
If ‘θ’ is required angle,
dy
2− 1 ⇒ = 2x − 4
tanθ = 2 =3 dx
2+2 1 4
−2
2 Slope of the given line is =2
3 −1
⇒ tan −1   is the required angle. For tangents parallel to the given line
4 dy
=2
31. (c) 2(l + b) = 120 dx
⇒ l + b = 60 ⇒ 2x − 4 = 2 ⇒ 2x = 6 ⇒ x = 3
If the diagonal is d, when x = 3, then
D = d2 = l2 + b2 = l2 + (60 − l)2 y = 9 − 12 + 8 = 5
Equation of the tangent is
= 2l − 2(60 − l ) = 4l − 120 = 0
dD
⇒ y − 5 = 2(x − 3)
dl ⇒ y − 2x + 1 = 0
l = 30
36. (c) slope of the given line is m
d 2D
=4>0 Given curve is y2 = 8x
dl 2 dy dy 4
⇒ 2y =8⇒ =
⇒ diagonal is minimum when l = 30 cm dx dx y
and b = 60 − 30 = 30 cm For the tangent in reference,
4 4
32. (d) 2x = 6
dy =m⇒y=
dx y m
2
dy x y2 1 4  2
= =1 ⇒x= =   =
dx 3 8 8 m m2
⇒x=3 The point at which the given line
x2 9 3  2 4
y= = = touches is  , 
6 6 2  m2 m 
The point must lie on the line y = mx + 2
33. (b) y2 = 6x →(1)
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 4  2  2 f′′(6) = 2 +
864 864
= 2+
= m  + 1 = +2 3
m  m2  m 6 216
2 =2+4=6>0
=2 ∴ f has local minimum at x = 6
m
432
⇒m=1 f(6) = 6 2 + = 36 + 72 = 108
6
37. (a) If ‘a’ is the edge of the cube, volume of
the cube V = a3 dy
43. (c) y = cosx ⇒ = − sin x
dV da dx
⇒ = 3a 2
dt dt  π 1
∴ Slope of the normal at  , 
= 3(10)2 × 5 (when a = 10) 3 2
= 1500 cm3/sec.
−1 −1 1 2
= = = =
38. (d) y = 4x2 + 5sinx  dy  − sin π 3 3
  3
dy  π
 dx   , 
1  2
= 8 x + 5 cos x
dx 3 2
Slope of the tangent at x = 0  π 1
dy Equation of normal at  ,  is
⇒ = 5 cos 0 = 5 3 2
dx
1 2  π
⇒ slope of the normal at x = 0 y− = x − 
−1 −1
2 3 3 
= = 2  π 1
slope of the tan gent 5 ⇒y= x −  +
3 3  2
39. (c) f(x) = tan−1x
1 44. (d) Let ‘r’ be the radius of the circular wave
⇒ f’(x) = >0 and ‘A’ be the area enclosed at any
1+ x2 instant of time t, then
⇒ f(x) is strictly increasing. A = πr2
Diff: w,r.t. ‘t’
40. (a) f(x) = 3x3 + 2x − 1
= (2πr )
f′(x) = 9x2 + 2 > 0 for all real values dA dr
⇒
of x dt dt
∴ f(x) is strictly increasing function dr
= 5 cm / s
∴ Numbers of real roots is one. dt
41. (c) f(x + ∆x) ∼ f(x) + ∆x. f′(x) dA
= 2πr × 5 cm / s
f(3 + 0.04) = f(3) + (0.04) f′(3) dt
when r = 6.8 c.m
= 2 × (3)2 + 6 ×(3) +4+
4
(4(3) + 6) dA
100 = 2π × 6.8 × 5 = 68 π cm2/sec
72 dt
= 40 +
100 45. (a) Let d be the distance of the point (x, y) on
= 40.72 x2 = 4y from the point (0, 6) then

42. (b) f(x) = x 2 +

432 d= (x − 0)2 + (y − 6)2
x
= 4 y + (y − 6 )2 (Q x2 = 4y)
432
f′(x) = 2x −
x2 = y 2 − 8 y + 36
(432) 2
f′′(x) = 2 + = (y − 4)2 + 20
x3
d is least when (y − 4)2 = 0
432
f′(x) = 0 ⇒ 2x − =0 ie, y = 4
x2 when y = 4 ⇒ x2 = 16
2x3 = 432 ⇒ x3 = 216 ⇒ x = ±4
⇒x=6 The points are (4, 4) (−4, 4)
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