c21 English For The 21st Century 2 Course Book

2nd Edition
ENGLISHFORTHE 21st CENTURY
Level 2 Course Book
NinaO'Driscoll
Jake Hughes
GARNET
EDUCATION
Contents
Book map 4
UsingC21 8
Unit 1 Events 12
-
Unit 2 Planning 26
Unit 3 Products 40
Unit4 Decision-making 54
Unit 5 Turning points 66
Unit 6 Now& then 80
Unit? Performance 92
Unit 8 Plans & tasks 106
Unit 9 The world of work 118
Unit 10 Profits & incomes 132
Unit 11 Problem-solving 144
Unit 12 A better world 158
Activities 171
Transcripts 176
Word list 189
Notes 196
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Unit lessons I Vocabulary I Grammar

A Specialdays Wordfamilies;Dates Prepositions(A16)
1 (AU-16) Presentsimplewith do
pages12-25 8 Eventmanagement
C Festivals Rolesin event planning anddoes(817-18)
Events (C22)
Talkingpoint C21skills
Globalevents
A Creativecollaboration Typesof communityevents Suggestions(A29)

2 (A28-29)
pagea26-37 8 Plansand Presentcontinuousfor future
arrangements llme expressions
for future plans (831-32)
Planning plans (132)
C Get intocharacter Spellingruleswhen adding
Talkingpoint (SlideshowD) -ingto a verb (832)
Planningan event
C21skills
Progresstest Units 1 & 2, pages38-39

A Buyingpower Productfeaturesand price Comparativeadjectives
3 (A42-44) (845-46)
pages40-53 8 Productreviews
C Internetshopping little,less;few,fewer(CSO)
Products
Howconsumers
makedecisions
A Choosing furniture Furniture(A56-57) Superlativeadjectives

4 Sizesand prices (A57-58) (A56-57)
pagea54-63 B Smartbuys
Decision-making C Howsmartis
too smart?
Talkingpoint (SlideshowD)
Purchasing
decisions
C21skills
Progresstest Units 3 & 41 pages64-65
A Agesandstages Lifeevents(A68-69) Quantifiers(A69)
5
pages66-79 8 Tlmellnes Pastsimple:Regularand
C Buildinga career irregular(B70-72)
Turningpoints Usingtime markers(C76)
C21skills
Talkingpoint
Importanteventsin our lives
A Changesovertime Citylife (A82-83} Pastsimple:Negativesand

6 questions(A83)
pages80-89 B Meetingnewfriends
Now& then C Whoreally
conqueredEverest?
Howplaceschangeovertime
C21skills
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Pronunciation I Languageskills IC21 skills

Dates(A15) Speaking:Describinga specialday (A16) Studyskills:Wordfamilies(23)
Wh-questions(818) Speculating(C22) Lifeslcllla:
Findingout about
Reading:Identifyingparagraphtopics (C20-21} a career(24)
Ustenlng:Identifyingdifferentpointsof view (C22) Studyskills:Readingeffectively(24)
Writing:Writinga description(C22)
Listeningfor order (A29)

Listening: Creativity:Creativethinking (36)
Speaking:Makingsuggestions(A30) Communication: Declining
Talkingabout plans (832) invitations(37)
Writing:Writingan emailabout plans (832)
Writingan emailwith an invitation (C35)
Speaking& Listening: Invitations(833-34)
Weak-er ending (B46) Listeningto matchdescriptionswith pictures

Listening: Studyakllla:Learningwordsin
of i (C49)
Pronunciation (A42) pairs (51)
Speaking:Describingproducts (A44) Creativity:Multi-usedevices(51)
Discussingreasons{C47) Studyskills:Closereading (52)
Reading:Readingfor detail (B45)
Readingto makenotes (C48)
Readingto understandbarcharts (C50)
Writing:Writingcomparisons(846)
Reading& Speaking: Evaluatinginformation (C49)
Reading:Readingfor detail (A57) Criticalthinking:Criteria(62)

Listeningto makenotes (A57)
Listening: CrntMty: Qualitativeand
Writing:Writinga proposal{A58) quantitativeresearch(63)
Writingan advert (C61)
Speaking:Talkingto salesstaff (859-60)
Pronunciationof -ed Reading: Readingto orderevents (870) Lifeslcllla:

Groupand individualistic
endings (Bn) Readingto find true/falseinformation (C74) cultures(n)
Speaking: Talkingabout pastevents (871) Creativity:Usingtimelines(n)
Talkingabout eventschronologically(B72) Planninga team
Collaboration:
Preparingand makinga presentation(C75)
task (78)
Listening:Listeningfor opinionsand detail (C73)
Listeningto completenotes (C75)
Writing:Writingchronologically(C76)
Reading:Readingto find true/falseinformation(A82) Communication: Givingyourself

Speaking:Discussingcity llfe In the past (A83) time to think (88)
Ustenlng& Spaalcing:Conversation skills (B84-86) Lifeslcllla:
Preparingfor a
Writing:Writinga newspaperarticle (C87) conversation(89)
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A High achievers Performance

andresults Modals:can,must,needlo,
7 (A94-96} should{898)
pages92-105 8 Sportsheroes
Performance C Ethicaldecisions
Greatperformances in sport,
education,businessandarts
A Timingandplans Deadlinesandschedules begoinglo (A1t0)

8 (A108-109)
pages106-115 8 Groupassignments
Plans& tasks C Superfamllles
(SlideshowD)
Talkingpoint
Ive plansimportant? C21skills
Progresstest Units7 & 8, pages116-117

A Insidea company Companystructure Presentsimpleand present
9 (A120-122) continuous(8124-125)
pages118-131 8 Temporarywork
C Yourmoney Moneyandbudgets
The worldof work (C126-127)
Travellingto work
A Howmuch are Incomeandsalarles Wh- questions:Review

10 you worth? (A134-135) (B137,8139)
pages132-141
8 A companyprofile Companyhistory
Profits& incomes (8137-139)
C A baddayat the office
Themostsuccessful
company
in the world C21skills

A Problemsandsolutions Problem-solving loo and (not)enoughwith
11 (A146-148) adjectives(B149-150)
pages144-157 8 What'swrong?
C Globalchallenges loo and (not} enoughwith
Problem-solving nouns (8151)
Pastsimplewith question
Problemsandsolutions words (C153)
A Futurechallenges Naturaldisasters
12 (A160-161)
pages158-167 8 Positiveaction
C Savethe blobflsh Takingaction (B163-165)
A betterworld (SlideshowD)
Talkingpoint
Solvingglobalchallenges
C21skills
Progresstest Units11& 12, pages168-169
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Reading: Readingfor specificinformation (A94) CrHtlvlty:Organizinginformation

Readingfor detailand to answerquestions(C99) (103}
Readingto write a summary{C100} Lifeslcltls:
Improvingperformance
Wrhlng:Writingabout personalachievements(A96) (103-104)
Ustenlng:Listeningto labela diagram(A96) Criticalthinking:
Makingethical
Listeningto makenotes (898) decisions(104)
Speaking: Statingandjustifyingopinions (C101)
wouldand could(8112) Speaking:Talkingabout schedules, deadlinesand targets Lifeslcltls:

Thecultureof time (115}
(A109) Collaboration:
Assigningtasks(115)
Assigningrolesand tasks(B113)
Reading:Readingto understandand completelists (A109)
Ustenlng:Listeningto completesentences(8111)
Writing:Writinga personalprofile (C1M)
Unstressed
vowels (A122) Reading: Readingto completea text and answerquestions Creativity:
Organizational
charts
Linkedwordsin sentences (A120) (128)
(C127) Readingto understandtablesand charts (C126-127) Studyskills:Studyhabits (129)
Speaking:Talkingabout currentprojects(8125)
Lifeslcltls:
Budgets(130}
Discussingbudget plans (C127)
Listening:
Listeningto identifyproblems(C127)
Speaking& Listening: Incomesand salaries(A134) Studyskills:Wordrelationships{141)

Preparingand makinga presentation(A135) Creativity:Doing research(141)
Reading: Readingfor gist (A134)
Readingfor specificinformation (A135,B137-139)
Readingto completea map (8137)
Speaking: Askingand answeringaboutcompanydetails
(B137-139)
Wrhlng:Writinga companyprofile (8139)
Writinga shortstory (C140)
Ustenlng:Listeningto completea diagram(A146-147) Criticalthinking:

Risksand benefits
Reading & Speaking:Assessing problemsand suggesting/ (155)
discussingsolutions(A147-148) LifeslclU.:
Findingthe right balance
Detailsfrom individualprofiles(C153-154} (156)
Reading: Readingfor mainIdeas(B150) Criticalthinking:
Rolemodels (156)
Readingfor generalideaand specificinformation(C152)
Speaking: Speculatingabout problems(8151.C152}
Writing:Writinga profile (C154)
Reading& Speaking: Predicting,preventingand preparing Criticalthinking:

Futurechallenges
(A161) (167)
Ustenlng:Listeningto completea table (A161-162.B164) CrHtfvlty:Makinga difference
Speaking:Predictingand planning (A162) (167}
Discussing
technicaladvances(8165)
Reading:Readingto speculateand completea matrix
(B163-164)
Wrhlng:Writinga fact file (C166)
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Welcome to C21 English for the 21st Century

C21ls a groundbreaking, flve-levelgeneralEnglishcoursethat Integrates21"centuryskillsand academic
skillsto ensurethat studentsare ready for study,workand life throughoutthe 21"century.
Thecoursecombinesthe languageskillsof reading,writing,listeningand speakingwith2111 centuryskills
such as communication,creativity,crltlcalthinkingand studyskiUs,Ina uniqueway.
Studentsof C21English willbe fully preparedto face the chaUengesanddemandsof
for the2J'fCentuffJ
the 21 century.
st
Unit structure
Eachof the five bookshas12units.Eachunit is dividedinto threesections,A, B and C, togetherwith a sectionon
21st centuryskills,andeithera Planning
aheadsectionor a Progress test at the end of eachunit.
Unit opener
Everyunit beginswith a double-pageunitopener.The openerliststhe 21ttcenturyskillsthat are includedin the unit,
as weltas all the targetvocabularyandgrammar,and the languageskillsof the unit.The unit openeralsofeaturesa
Talkingpointrelatedto the topicof the unit,to elicit prior knowledgeand/orfacilitatestudentengagementwith the unit.
Liststhe C21skills
coveredIn the unit
Topic-relatedquestionsencourage
you to shareyour knowledgeand
ideasaboutthe themeof the unit.
-====-
_______
.....
___ _
•----..-ii
Everyunit openerfeaturesa uniqueQRcode Unkedto Ouizlet.

Scanor click on the code for extra practiceof the key unit
vocabulary.Alternatively,visit qulzlet.tnfo/garnet-c21-level-2
to accessall 12vocabularysets.
SectionsA, BandC
C21takesan integratedapproachto skillsdevelopment.In eachsection,you learnthe languageand skillsthat relate
to the sectiontopic.Iconsindicatethe mainskillsyou developin a section.
~] Vocabulary Grammar Reading Iconsare usedto visually

directyou to the focus
• Writing Listening Speaking pointsof lessons.
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------- Sectiontitle
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PersonaUzing
your learningexperience
EachsectionIncludesactivitiesthat encourageyou to personalizethe skillsyou are learning,talk aboutyourselfor your
and opinions,and think criticallyaboutthe themesin the unit Theyare indicatedby Q .
experiences
0 Pr_.,a........,..i-;,,go,g1>1koy.-1Smyovt-ly - Asks you to give your opinions.

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Support for your learning

Focusboxesin eachlessonhighlightinformationthat is centralto the main learningpointsof the lesson.The Focus
boxeswill helpyou with activitiesin class,and can be usedto reviewyourwork later.The Focusboxesare colour-coded
accordingto their purpose.
h,o/nfto RaplJlngto a bu1IMU em1II Whenwe askquestionsthat beginwith

Weusebe goingto to talkaboutfuture Dear.. ., a questionword likeWhator How.our
plansandIntentions Thankyouforyouremailrequesting a voiceusuallygoesdownat the endof
exampleA Areyougoingto buya proposalfor ... the question.
newcar7 I omattaching... I> 1.4 Listenandrepeatthequestlol\S
8 Yes,I'mgoingto buyan Pfeasecontact meformoreInformation. In 7.Tryandfollowdlewaythespealrer's
electriccar. Regards ... voicerlHS andfalls.
GrammerFocus Expression Focus PronunciationFocus

Providesnoteson the form, Containsusefulexpressionsand Providesmodelsof pronunciationto
functionand meaningof tips to improveyourwrittenand helpwith speakingtasks,andto help
a grammarpoint. spokenEnghsh. youunderstandspokenEnghshbetter.
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C21skills
Eachsectionintroducesand developsrelevantC21skills.Theseskillsare flaggedwithinthe unit by C21skills boxes,
whichnamethe C21skill andsub-skil~and includea pagereferenceto practiceactivitiesin the C21skills pagesat the
end of the unit.
C21skills areaand sub-skill

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in the C21pagesat the end of
the unit
Slideshows
SectionC of eacheven-numberedunit (Units2, 4, 6, 8, 10 & 12}featuresa slldeshowrelatingto the themesexplored
In the previoustwo units.The audiocommentaryIs at a higherlevelthanotheraudioInthe unit,so as to giveyou more
challengingpracticeIn listeningfor mainideas,ratherthan everydetail.The listeningactivitiesand follow-upwritingtasks
encourage thesharingof ideasandcollaboration.
Youstudy photosfrom each slideshowto predictwhat the

slideshowis about,and the keywordsyou'll hear.
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Youwatcheachslideshowand shareideasaboutwhat you hear.
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Thereis alsoa buttonthat takesyou to five interactiveexercises.
Try theseexercisesafter classto reviewthe slideshow
and checkhow muchyou nowunderstand.
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your progress
Assessing
After everyunit thereare activitiesto assessyour progresswith the skillsin the unit
------
Planningaheadactivity
-L
@JI~ - - - - (Units1,3, 5, 7, 9 & 11)
0---- ........ -----------..-.
The Planningaheadpagesask you to reflecton your
learningso you can identifywhat is goingwell and
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Progresstest after everytwo units
(Units2, 4, 6, 8, 10& 12)
The Progresstestscheckyour understandingof topics
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andskillsfrom the unit.The testsincludevocabulary
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Studyskills
• Wordfamilies
Ufe skills
• Findingout abouta career
Studyskills
• Readingeffectively
Englishfor the 21"'Century• Unit 1

Events
.Q,,i Whattstheevent Inthephoto?

Whatotherglobalevents canyouthinkof?
Languageskills Vocabulary Grammar

• Speaking:Describinga specialday • Wordfamilies;Dates • Prepositions
• Speaking:Speculating • Rolesin eventplanning • Presentsimplewith do
• Reading:Identifyingparagraphtopics and does
• Listening:
Identifyingdifferentpointsof view
• Writing:Writinga description
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 1 «-:::1=3==

I.
Specialdays
@@@Word families;Dates
D Labeleachphotowiththenameof a celebration.
Givereasonsfor youranswers.
NewYear,Dubai
AmericanIndependence Day
CanadianThanksgivingDay
InternationalFolkFestivalof Russi,Italy
The HarbinIceandSnowFestival,China
fJ [}>1.1Listento peopletalkaboutthefestivals
in 1.Whfchfestivalsare theydescribing?
0 In pairs.Readextractsfromthedescriptions
fn 2. Matchthemto the festivalsin 1.
a In citiesandtownsacrossAmerica,thereare RMF
paradeswith patrioticmusic.
b Today,peoplecelebratethe festivalto give
thanksfor the good thingsin life.
c The NewYearstartswith a spectacular
fireworksdisplay.
d Groupsof dancersparadethroughthe
streetsin colourfulnationalcostumes.
e A lot of peoplewearsomethingred,white
and blue,andwavethe Americanflag.
f Youcanseemassiveicesculpturesof
figuresand buildingsall overthe city.
g A lot of peopleeata traditionalmeal
of turkeyand pumpkinpie.
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0 Findadjectives
in 3 withthesemeanings.
a typical of things in the past

b verybig
c showing great love of your country
d big and really good
e with lots of colour
0) Whichof the festivalsin 1wouldyouIlkato take partin? Giveyourreasons.
Q Completethetable.Canyouthinkof otherwordfamilies?
Nouns
Verb
Person Activity Thing
dance dancing dance(s)
sing singer
act /actress
(fJ Completethesentenceswithwordsfrom
the tablein 6. Usethe wordsin brackets. I) 1.2Ustento ninedates.Markthe orderin which
youhearthem.
a Come to the Dublin Theatre Festivalto see 1st January 2nd February_ 23rd March
fantastic plays.Meet the _____ and 11fhJune 5'hApril 22""August
_____ at special events after the 251'December
.JL !r'May 30"'September_
shows. (act) I>1.2Usten and repeatthe dates.Payattention to the
pronunciation of the endings of the ordinals, and the
b At the festival,you see groups of weak pronunciation of of. Note that we say'the first af
May', but we write '1st May'.
_____ from different countries. Each
Example Thefirst of J,av/May.
group does a typical _____ from In pairs. Swapthe namesof three friends or
family members.Ask and answer questions about
their country. You see lots of different styles
their birthdays.
of ____ , (dance)
c Do you lovefolkmusic? Do you love to

_____ ? This festival of folk music
is for you. Listen to the country's best folk
_____ and sing along to your
favourite----• (sing)
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Q Matchtheseeyentsandthe dates.
a AmericanIndependenceDay the first weekof August
b NewYear'sEvein UAE 4111July
c CanadianThanksgivingDay 5"'Januaryto end February

d InternationalFolkFestivalof Russi,Italy 3pt December
e The HarbinIceand SnowFestival,China the secondMondayin October
0 Completethe sentences
withthe misslngprepositions.
a AmericanscelebrateThanksgiving____ _ d BrazilianscelebrateMother'sDay____ _
the fourth Thursday_____ November. the secondSunday____ May.
b IndianIndependenceDayis____ _ e TheThaiscalltheir new yearSongkranand
15'hAugust. celebrateit _____ 13th____ _
c TheTorontoInternationalFilmFestivaltakesplace 1.9hApril.
_____ September.
(aE)
Askandanswerquestions
aboutthe timingof
the specialdaysandfestivalsIn 8 and9.
ExampleWhenisAmericanIndependenceDay?
m Q Describeyourfavouritespecial
dayor festival. Prepositions
Step 1 Makesomenotes(name,date, Weuseon with datesanddays.
what you can see,what people Exampleson Sunday,on the first/lastMondayin June
Weusein with seasons and months.
do/wear,other specialthings).
Examplesin spring,in April,in the firstweekof January
Step 2 Taketurnsto talk about your Weusefrom ... to to markstartingand finishingtimes.
specialday. Examplesfrom 24"'to 26"'July,from Julyto September
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0 Whicheventsdoyou thinkthesetwo companies
organize?
anniversary parties arts festivals

birthday parties businessmeetings
conferences product launches weddings
1laslma
Let us planyour
privateeventsfor you!
fJ In pairs.PeteHansonisan eventplannerat Kaslma.Discussthesepoints.

a Do you think he works on his own or in a team?
b What tasksdo you think he does in hisjob?
c Do you think he spends most of his time at the eventsor in the office?
d Do you think he works a typical 9-to-5 working day?
e What kind of person is good at thisjob?
EJ~ 1.3Listenandcheckyouranswersto 2.
(D withInformationfromthe conversation.
In pairs.Completethe statements
a Peteworks asan _________________ _
b Hiscompany organizes_________________ _
c His team _________________ _
d Beforeevents,he works _________________ _
a Peoplewho do well in event planning are _________________ _

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Present simple with do and does

Weusethe present simple to talk about factsand routines.
Weadd -s or -esto the verbwith he,sheor it.
ExamplesHeworksfor a corporateeventcompany.
Carlaresearchesvenuesfor all our conferences.
Weusedont (donot) in negativesentenceswith /,you,weand they,and doesn't(doesnot)
with he,sheand it.
ExamplesWedon'torganizeinternationalconferences.
KaslmadoesntorganizemanyweddingsIn the winter.
Weusedo In questionswith /,you,weand they,and doeswith she,heand It.
ExamplesDoyou enjoyyourjob?
Whendoesshestartwork?
Weusehavewith /,you,weand they,and haswith he,sheand it. The shortformsare'11eand t
ExamplesI havea lot of work to do today.
Hehasa meetingthis afternoon.
(0) Underlinethecorrectverbsto completethe descriptionof Katje'sjob.

Katje is I ore a conference and event planner.She organizeI organizesbusiness
meetings and conferences for corporate clients. Her day start I starts at 8. First, she
haveI has a team meeting to plan the day.'I'm lucky I haveI has a very good team.
They do I doesa lot of the detailed planning.' During conferences,Katje often worlc
I
worksa 16-hour day to make sure everything run I runs smoothly.'I usually get I gets
to the conference venue at 7 a.m. and I don't I doesn'tget home until after 11p.m.'
Katje love/ lovesher job, but she don'tI doesn'thave much time for a social life.
(CJ) tha qualitiesyouneedto be anavantplanner.Doesthis kindof job suityou?

In graups.Discuss
Wouldyou liketo dothisjob?
fJ In pairs.Completethequestions.Usetheanswerson therightto helpyou.

a do you work for? I work for InspireEventsin Dublin.
b hours do you work a day? It depends. Usuallyabout eight.
C is your busiest day? Friday.We have a lot of events at the weekend.
d do you start a typical day? I start by checking my emails.
e do you like about the job? The variety. Everyday is different.
Whenwe askquestionsthat begin with a questionword like Whator How,our voiceusuallygoesdown at the end
of the questions.
11>
1.4 Usten and repeat the questionsIn 7. Try and follow the way the speaker'svoice risesand falls.
===1=8:::,» English for the 21st Century • Unit 1 ////////////////////9///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
Q Q In pairs.Intervieweachother.
a Preparethreeor four questionssimilarto the onesin 7.Add one extraquestion.
ExamplesWheredo you study?
Howmanyhoursdo youstudya week?
b Taketurnsto intervieweachother.Keepa noteof yourpartner'sanswers.
(GJ)
In groups.Usingyournotes,taketurnsto intraducethe person
youinterviewed.
ExampleThisisTomasfrom Venezuela. He'sSpanishand hestudies
at a collegein Caracas. HisbusiestdayisThursday.Hehas
a lot of lecturesall dayand hegoesto an Englishclassin
the evening.
tmJ}Q Makea listof two or threeJobsthatyouare Interested

In.Chooseoneof themanddo someresearchto find
outmoreabouttheJob.
a Goto page171for researchideas.
b Useyour notesto talkaboutthejob in yournextclass.
m@I SKILLS
LIFESKILLS:
Findingout about a career
Seepage24 ➔
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit 1 «.:::~=9=

Valencia,Spain 15-19 March
Specialevents:fireworks,street parties,parades,street sculptures
A----------- Streetsculptures,calledJal/es,
arecentralto the festival Eachneighbourhoodmakesits ownJollafor the
celebrations.
A localcommitteechoosesa team of specialistartiststo make
theJolla.It also organizeseventsto raisemoneyfor its construction.The
massivesculpturesare madeof cardboardandwood,and otherflammable
materials.Manyareabout15 metreshigh.Typically,afa/la takes12months
to makeandcostsbetween€200,000 and€700,000.
8 ___________ Duringthe festival,you cansee
350 faltes aUaverthe city,in squaresand on streetcomers.On the first day,
thereis a competitionto choosethe bestfalta.Thevery popularfol/es are
often humorousand makefun of local politiciansand celebrities.
c ___________ Fireworksare a big part of the festival.
Thereare displaysat midnighteverynight.Eachdisplayfills the sky with
spectacularcoloursand lightsand lasts20 minutes.The biggestdisplay,the
Nit de Foe,is on the night of the 18th• Everydayat 2 p.m.crowdsof people
cometo Valencia'smainsquarefor a displayof powerfulfirecrackersand
fireworks.Thisnoisyeventis calledthe Mascletaand youcan hearthe
firecrackersmanykilometresaway.
o ____________ Thefinal eventof the festivalis the
Crema,the burningof thefalles.At aroundmidnighton the lastday,the
sculpturesare set on fire,one byone.ForValenciansthe burningof thefalles
symboUzes
the end of the winter.
===20=--»Englishfor the 21
st
Century • Unit 1 ////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
~W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////2'//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
0 In pairs.Lookat the photosof the FaUesFestivalIn Valencia.Discussthe questions.
a Whatdo you think a fa/lais? c Whattype of materialsdo you thinkthey'remadeof?

b Howtall do you think they are? d Whydo you think they burn the fol/es?
fJ) Readthe articleon page20 abouttheFalla Festival.Choosea title for eachparagraph,A-D.

a Payingfor the fol/es d Fireworksnight and day
b A tradition of firecrackers e The constructionof the fol/es
c The burningof the fa/Jes f Visitingthe fol/es
(9 Findthesenumbersfn the article.What do they refer to?
a 15-19
~i➔Hilfi
b 15
C 12
J,.
Seepage24 ➔
d 200,000-100,000
a 350
f 20
(CJ)
Wereyour ideasfor 1 correct?Updateyouranswerswith informationfrom the article.
(El)Findwordsor phrasesin the articlewiththese meanings.

a an areaof a city (paragraphA)
b collect money(paragraphA)
c very big (paragraphA)
d burnsquicklyand easily
(paragraphA)
e funny (paragraphB)
f makejokesabout something
but not in a kind way
(paragraphB)
g very strong (paragraphQ

0//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,W////////////////////////#
Q Whatroledoyouthinkthe emergencyserviceshave
in a festivallikethe Foiles?
a Matchthe serviceswith the rolesand makesentences.
Emergencyservices Roles
firefighters controlthe crowds
the police treat injuries
paramedics put out fires
b Whatother rolesdo theseservicesperform?
fJJ~ 1.5Ustento threepeopleexplainthe Importanceof the FaUesFestivalfortheircity.

Whotalksaboutthesepoints,Marta(M), Josep(J) or Arturo(A)?
a KeepsValenciantraditionsalive.
b Bringsbusinessto localhotelsand restaurants.
c Passes
Valenciantraditionsfrom one generationto the next.
d Bringslocalcommunitiestogether.
e Helpslocalcraftsmenlikepaintersandcarpenters.
Q Writea description
of a festivalIn yourcountryfor a travelmagazine.
Givethe followingInformation.
Usethe texton page20 to helpyou.
• time of year
• whereit takesplace
• the mainevent
• peoplewho organizethe event
===22=--»Englishfor the 21 st
Century• Unit 1 ////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
~
OlJrruOU
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////,
We usewordendingsto showthe family a wordbelongsto. Forexample,we often

use-er to talk abouta Jobor type of worksuch as a 'waiter'.However,thereare
otherpossibilitiessuch as -orfor 'actor'and'doctor'.
D Matcha-d withthecorrectdescription.
a a paintedwall activity
b to paint person
C a painter thing
d a painting quality
fJ) Unjumblethe lettersto findthenameof the person.

Howmanydifferentwordendingscanyouidentify?
Person
a acting toacr
b teaching ceahert
C law alwery
d edit doeitr
e fishing mfiserhan
f haircut ssairdrheer
9 photograph otphograerph
h sailing rosali
write werrit
W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////. En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 1 «-:::2=3===

M@O~
1
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////.
You need to do lots of researchwhen you plan your career.

You also need to match a possible career to your personal profile.
D In pairs.Dothisquestionnaire
aboutcareerresearch.Givedetailsinyouranswers.
a Wheredo you get adviceabout c Whichjob areasareyou interestedin?
your career? Howdo they fit your profile?
• from a teacheror boss 0 ExamplesI'm interestedin the hotel business.
• from a familymember 0 I workedin a hotel lastsummer.
• from a careercentre 0
• online 0
• others 0
b Wheredo you find job adverts?
• online 0
• in a magazine 0
• usingsocialmedia 0
• in a newspaper 0
We usedifferentwaysof readingto get the informationwe need.
D Arathesepeopletalkingaboutskimming,scanningor dosereading?
a I needa new mobile phone.My old one is rubbish.I havea magazineto help me choose.I like
to haveall the informationI want the cost,how quicklyI can get on the internet,how long
the battery lasts,how good the camerais and things likethe designand size.I compareall the
phonesand I readall the reviewsbeforeI choose.
b I buy a newspapereveryday,but it's about 70 pagesand I don't havetime to readit all. In fact, I
haveabout 20 minutesat lunchtimeto readit beforemy next class.I readthe headings,and look
at the pictures.If I seesomethingthat interestsme I readthe first few linesto get the general
idea.I don't usuallyfind time to readwhole articles.
C I'm researchingculturaltraditionsacrossEuropeand the Arabicworld. I usea varietyof sources

like localhistorybooks,guidebooksand websites.I usuallyknowexactlywhat I'm lookingfor,
so I don't look at hotels,or the historyof the country.I go straightto the most usefulchaptersor
webpagesI need.I liketo checkthat the descriptionsaresimilarin severalsourcesbeforeI add
them to my researchnotes.
===2=~:::,» Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 1 ////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

~
OlJrruOU
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Progress
D Makea Ustof thraa things you learnt in this unit and three things to practise.
ThtngsI cando Things to pract\H
I
1 1
2 2
3 3
fJ Compareyour list with a classmate.

My learningplan for nextweek
D Thinkabout next weak.Howcanyoulmproye
yourEnglish?
Writefourlearningideasfor the next
weak.Howmuchtimedoyouneedfor aachidaa?
ExampleI plan to learnfive new words,and write them in my vocabularynotebook(ten minutes).
1
2
3
4
fJ) Sharayourteamingplanwithanotherclassmate.
(D At theendof nextweelc,reviewyourplan.UsetheseIdeas.
• Done • Not done • More practice • Update learning plan
Communication in class
a I askquestionswhen I don't understand.
D HowactiveareyouIn class? b I help classmates
when they don't understand.
Rateyourselffor eachpoint.
c I speakin group tasksa lot.
fJ) Howcanyoube moreactiveinyour
classesnextweek?Writethreeldaas. d I answerquestionswhen I know the answer.
ExampleAskclassmates
or my teacherat leasttwo questions.
(9 SharayourIdeaswitha classmate.
ExampleIn my next class,I planto askmy teacheror classmates
two or threequestions.
W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////. En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 1 «.:::~====

71J.1
•
.........
.-.. .....
£
-..-...
~
s
5-0lat
-•'-s,-,
--...-.......
•a ~~
11IJ.I
[,-. ... al .. ....,
2FV
=-
'
2 J , 5
...... ....
lllcai._ •
.........
2FV
' 5
1'
3
~la
~A.! ..,.... Sia

ii
~f1Jj•fj
Creativity
• Creativethinking @; ;\t\!\i ®
Communication
• Declininginvitations
::r,;t~f 1::i,;;:r:
~i, !'fff; {.jf
ScMt!,eat-..
dldt-.-~..,,
VD I Is,; 11,,n,
thfr.unit.
ntury • Unit 2
26 Englishfor the 21• Ce
I
Planning
..
e~ Whatdo you needto thinkabout whenplanningan event? Whatare the advantages
and disadvantagesof planningan event on yourownor In a team withothers?
Language
skills Vocabulary Grammar
• Llstanlng:
Listeningfor order • Typesof communityevents • Suggestions
• Speaking:Makingsuggestions • Time expressionsfor • Presentcontinuousfor
• Speaking:Talkingaboutplans future plans future plans
• Writing:Writingan email aboutplans • SpeUingruleswhen adding
• Writing:Writingan emailwith an invitation -i119
to a verb
• Speaking& Listening: Invitations
Englishfor the 21"'Century• Unit 2 «.:::P===

0
{[I
D In pairs.Lookat thephotosanddiscussthesequestions.
a Whatarethe differencesin room layoutin the two photos?
b Whichlayoutwould you choosefor sharingideasand teamwork?
Giveyour reasons.
fJJHowdoyoudevelopIdeasat work/Inyourstudies?
ExampleI usea noticeboardwith notes.
IJ) Completethe guideUnes

for developing
ideasIn a
groupusingthe wordsfromthe box.
all ask be criticize make record

I
a Rememberthat ____ ideasarewelcome.
b Whenyou don't understandsomeone'sidea,it's OKto

____ questionsto clarify.
c Don't____ other people,or saytheir ideaisbad.
d Giveeveryonethe chanceto ____ suggestions.
e ____ positivewhen peoplegiveyou their ideas.
f ____ all the ideas,for example,on a flip chart

or on stickynotes.
(D)Whoaretheinstructionsfor in 3?
• the personleadingthe session(L) • the participants(P) • both (B)
Century• Unit 2 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
,W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
0 ~ 2.1Listento an extractfroma meetingandanswerthe questions.

a What'sthe objectiveof the meeting?_________________ _
b In which orderdo they makethesesuggestions?

• picnic in the parkand gamesfor children
• exhibition of photographs
• video gamestournament
• a quiz night with prizes
D) ~ 2.1Listenagain.Howdotheymakesuggestions?
Completethe sentences.
a My ideais a quiz night
b we could havea video

gamestournament? ~R SKILLS
C Sowhy don't we a picnic in CREATIVITY:

the park? Creativethinking
Seepage36 ➔
d How about a photographic
exhibition?
e We _______ invite localpeople to bring

interestingphotographs.
fJ Completethesuggestions.UsetheverbsIn brackets.
a How about (ask)local businesses
to give
Suggestions
moneyfor the food?
Weusevariousphrases
to makesuggestions.
b Whydon't we (invite)a celebrityto open is to + verb
Myidea/suggestion
the festival? ExampleMy ideaisto organize anexhibition.
Whydon'twe+ verb
C Maybewe could (rent)a room in the
ExampleWhydon'tweorganize
anexhibition?
community centre.
How/Whatabout+ verb+ -ing?
d My suggestionisto (have)the dinner in ExampleHowaboutorganizing anexhibition?
a hotel. Wecould+ verb
ExampleWecouldorganize
anexhibition.
e Whatabout (book)a venuefor the earnival?
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r.r///////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 2 «.:::~===

8//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
Q Lookat these phrasesfromthe meetingin 5. Puteach phrasein the correctcolumn.

Thenadd anotherphraseto each column.
a Any (other)ideas? d Sorry,what'sa photographicexhibition?
b I likethe idea. e I needto write that down.
c Do you havea suggestion? f Greatidea!
Askingfor Askingfor Recording Beingpositiveabout

ideas clarification ideas people'sideas
m!J ideasfor thesesltuatlons.

In threes.Discuss Taketurnsto askfor ideas.
a improvingthe canteenat your school/work
b improvingtraffic in your town
c improvingyour city for young people
===30=--~ Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 2 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

Plans & arrangements
(e)@ @ Presentcontinuousfor future plans
D Discussthesepoints.
a Do you plan your free time and weekends?
b How do you make planswith your friends,for example,on the phone, or on a social networking site?
fJ In pairs.Reada conversationaboutRosa'splansfor hergraduation.CompleteIt withwordsinthe box.

are are they are you coming flying I'm I'm not isn't they are
Kim _____ your parentscoming to your graduation?

Rosa Yes,_____ They're____ in from Boge~ tomorrow evening.
Kim Great How long _____ staying?
Rosa My father'sgoing back on Sunday,but my mother ____ going back until Tuesday.
Kim What about your brother,Carlos?
Rosa He isn't ____ ~ He'smuch too busy with work.
Kim That'sa pity. And ____ going to the graduation party?
Rosa No, _____ After the ceremony,_____ having dinner with my parents.
D ~ 2.2 Lfstenandcheckyouranswersto 2. Presentcontinuousfor future plans

a Completethe sentences withthe presentcontinuous
formof theverbsin brackets.
We usethe presentcontinuousto talk about
future plansand arrangements.
Positive Nagatrve
a I _____ (not work) this evening.I ____ _ I'm Oam)going to the I'm not going to
{spend)a relaxingevening watching Gomeof Thrones. theatretomorrow. Tom'sgraduation.
We're(we are)having Theyaren'tcoming to
b Amira _____ (get) married next month, but a family mealnext the meal.
she ____ (not have)a big wedding. weekend. SheIsn'tgetting back
He's(he is}flying to until late Friday.
C A When your Omani friends Taipeithis Monday.
(arrive)? Questions Shortanswers
B They (not come) until Sundayevening. Areyou seeingTom Yes,I am/No, I'm not
latertoday? Yes,he is/No, he isn't.
d A What you (do)after class? IsPatrickplaying
golf on Saturday
B We (meet)Sarafor coffee. morning?
e A Tom (go)to the festival Whenareyou going
to the theatre?
in May?
Whatplayare
a Yes,he (meet)some friendsto watch you seeing?
the fireworks.
W/////////////////////////k..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 2 «.:::31==

8//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
0 In pairs.Imaginetodayis Tuesdaymorning.Readthe timeexpressions.

Putthemin order1-8 (1= the expression
nearestto Tuesdaymorning).
Fridayevening Saturdaynight tonight

next month this Sunday Thursdayevening
next weekend tomorrow afternoon
(0 Q In pairs.Talkaboutyourplansusingsomaof tha timeexpressions In 5.

A Next weekend, I'm going home to see my family. What about you?
B I'm playing a football match for the school.
a Putthe wordsin the correctorderto makequestions.

a you/ evening/ going out/are/this/? ______________________ _
b you/ are/ anything/ on Saturday/ special/ doing/? _________________ _
c are/ doing /today /what/after /you/ class/? __________________ _
d where/ going/you/ are/for/ next/your/ holiday/? ________________ _
IEJ)Q Taketurnsto answerthequestionsin 7. Developthe

byaskingfoUow-up
conversation questions
to find
out moreaboutyourpartner'splans.
A Areyou ... ? A What/Whereareyou ...? Spellingruleswhenadding-Ing
to a verb
B Yes,I am/No, I'm not. I'm . . . B I'm ...
Forverbsendingin -e,leaveout the -e
andadd -ing.
Examplehave- having
Forverbsending in a vowel and
consonant,doublethe consonant.
Exampleplan- planning
Forverbsending in two syllablesor more
and the stressisn'ton the lastsyllable,
don't doublethe lastletter.
Example~sit - visiting
Add one exampleto eachgroup.
(EJ)!J In pairs.Shareyourplansfor nextweekend.

Step1 Update your online calendaror diary so you havefive
or six plansfor the weekend.
1 2 l 4 s
Step2 Taketurns to askeach other about your plans. t 1 I t 10 tt tt
1.l 14 15 16 11 tt 11
ExampleA What areyou doing on Fridayevening? zo 21 22 u z• z, .to
B I'm cooking a meal for my flatmates. It's my turn. 27 21 21 lO lt
eJWritean emailto a friendaboutyourplansfor theweekend.

===32=--»English for the 21 st
Century • Unit 2 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
@@ Invitations
D Look at the photos.What socfalactivitiesdo they show?What social activitiesdo you enjoy
doingwith friends?
lfJ)~ 2.3 Listento four invitations.Matchthe conversationsand the photosin 1.

E) ~ 2.3 Llstenagain.Dothe peopleacceptor decUnethe Invitations?Write accept(A)
or decUne(D) nextto eachphoto.
(D Thesephrasesarefromthe conversations
in 2. Addthemto tha table.
a Wouldyou liketo come? d l'dloveto.
b I'dloveto, but I can't e Soundsgood.
c Wouldyou liketo go to f Thatsoundsgreat,but I can't.
Invitations
the cinema? g That'sa greatidea. WeoftenuseWould youliketo +
verbwhenwe Invitesomeone.
Inviting Accepting Declining
J ExampleWouldyou liketo
playtennis?
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 2 «.:::33====

8//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
E) Makea listof fouractMtiesyouwantto do in your

freetime.Chooseactivitiesyoudowithfriends.
Examplesplaybadminton,go to a football match,
go out for a meal
rm)Planwhatto sayto inviteyourfriendsto each

activityIn 5. Writesentences
Ulce
this.
ExampleWouldyou liketo playbadmintonafterclass?
(fJ Q Walkaroundtheclass.Invitepeopleto do
the thingsonyourlist.Acceptor decline
otherpeople'sinvitations.
Rememberto give
a reasonwhenyoudeclinethe invitation.
A Wouldyou liketo ...?
8 Yes,that soundsgreat/I'd loveto.
A Wouldyou liketo ...?
B Thatsoundsgreat/good,but I can't.
Century• Unit 2 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Get into character
@@®) Slideshow
D In pairs. Youara going to watch a slrdashowcallad Get Into character.Look at the photos from the
slrdeshow.What da they show?Share your ideas with another pair.
fJ) Ingroups.Thinkof 15 wordsyouwfUhearin theslldashow.Writethemina wordmap.

Thanshareyourideaswiththe class.
E) Watchthe slidashow.
Makanotes.Howmanyof tha wordsfromyourwordmapdidyouhear?
(CJ)
Discuss
in pairs.
Whatwere the most interestingthings in the slideshow?Whichinterviewdid you enjoy most?Why?
Wouldyou liketo goto Comic-Con?ls therea characteryou'dliketo dressupas?Why?
(Ll)Thinkaboutaneventyouwantto goto. Researchft ontheinternetandmakenotes.

• Whenand wheredoesit takeplace?
• Whydo you want to go?
• Arethereanyseminars/exhibitions/book
signings/
live performances? Writing an Invitation emall
• date/place/time
• Arethereanyfamousactors/writers/singers/guest
speakers?
• what the event Isabout
• activities
(ClYouaregoingto writean emailinvitinga friendto an event • why you're going and why you want
Step 1 Lookat your notesfrom 5 and makea mind map. your friend to come
Step 2 Choosewhich friend to inviteand draft the email. • usephraseslike Wouldyou liketo
comewith meto ... , I'dliketo ... ,
Step 3 Shareyour draft with anotherstudent.
Whatactivitiesdo you want to dol
Step 4 Completeyour email.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 2 «.:::35====

~
M@O~
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We can thrnk creatrvelyon our own, rn small groups or In big groups online.
What are the advantagesand disadvantagesof each of these options?
D Readthe optionsfor thinkingonyourownandin groups.Ticktheoptionsyoulike.

Addyourownideas.Whichoptionsdoyouthinkworkbest?
On yourown In groups
Option1 0 Option 1 0
• Sit in a room with just a pen and pencil. • Thereis a group leader.
• Listento musicto help you relax. • Arrangethe chairsin a circle.
• Go round and askeachpersonfor an idea.
Option2 0 • Peopletalk about eachideain turn.
• Usea smartphoneor laptopto google words. • Thereis a time limit.
• Callfriendsto talk about your ideasand askfor
their suggestions. Option2 0
• Peoplesit wherethey want.
• Peopletalk when they want to.
• Thereis no leader.
• Peoplewrite ideason a board.
===3=6:::,»Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 2 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

~
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DECLININGINVITATIONS
Declining Invitations ls difficult. You need to consider how formal the request Is,
who It rs from and why you can't go before you decide how you say 'no'.
D Completethe tabla to say whatyou think Is anappropriateresponsefor two Invitations:

a) to an informalavaningwithothersfromyourclass,andb) to the weddingof yourbast
friend'ssister.
a Andy,we're meetingfor an end-of-semestermeal,Z30on Saturdayat PizzaRapido.
Pleasecome.
b Mr and MrsTerryDobsonhavepleasurein inviting you and a guest to the wedding
of their daughterCaroleto Mr PeterDaviesat 11a.m.Saturday4th June,at Horsham
Town Halland to a receptionafterwards.
Message Appropriateresponsefor:
I
End-of-semester
meal Wedding Neither
'Sorry,I can't.I'vearrangedto seeotherfriends

that night.'
No messageneeded.YouJustdon't go.
'It'sa pity.I'm visitingmyfriend in Londonthat day.'
'I'm reallysorry,but unfortunatelyI playtennison

Saturdays and I don'twant to missit.'
'Thankyoufor your invitation.Unfortunately, I will be

in Francefor the first two weeksof June,so I will not
be ableto come.But I hopeit is a fantasticoccasion
and I wishyou all the best.'
'I'd loveto come,but I want to get my haircut

that day.'
_________.,,_=A=cc=ep=t
._)
( Invitation
1~( Decline )--["'_Ex_p_ta_in_i?_)
B DiscusswhyyouthinkeachresponseIsappropriateor Inappropriate.Whatwouldappropriate
responses
be In your culture,andIn whatformat(textmassage,phonecaU,latter,ate.)?
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 2 «.:::'51====

W//////////////////////////A ~~ W//////////////////////////////////////////////
0 Complatathe tabla.
Verb I Person I
Activity
~
bt.ukut
poJntifl9
ClCi"
~y
8 Put tha datesin tha correctorderfrom tha start of tha year.
a 241h November
b the fifteenth of April
c 6th May
d frhAugust
e the twelfth of March
f 1st January
(0 Completethesentenceswlth on,In,from or to.

a There is a festival in Barcelona_______ Sunday.
b Mother's Day in Japanis May.
c The park opens the spring.
d The ChineseNew Yearis 12th February.
e I alwaysgo to the gym Saturdays.
f My boss is on a businesstrip 9th June _______ 2nd July.
(D Completethesentenceswrththe correctverb.
a A Danielwork in a team?
8 No,he He on his own.
b A you enjoy your course?
8 Yes,I It's reallyinteresting.
C A the team havea lot of work today?
B Yes,they They a busy schedule.
d A How many hours Eileenstudy a week?
B She for about eight hours.
e A Where you usuallystudy?
B I usually at home.
===38==-~ English for the 21st Century • Units 1 & 2 Progress test ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A
/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W///////////////////////////4
B Readthetext andanswerthequestions.
Litang is a town in SichuanProvincein China.It is famous for its horse festival,which takesplaceeach year in
August.The Khampeople come to the festivalfrom all over Tibet.They stay in tents during the festivaland
have horse-riding competitions during the day.In the evening,there are dancesand everyonewearstheir
best clothes.A lot of tourists come to the festivaland it is very important for the local economy.
a What is Litang famous for?

b When does the horsefestivaltake place?
c Wheredo people stay?
d What sort of competitions do they have?
e Who comesto the festival?
0 Completethe suggestfons.
a My ____ is to organizea concert.
b What putting a poster on the college noticeboard?
c We invite our friends and family.
d Why we askCarl to help with the music?
fJ Completethetextabouta family'splanswiththecorrectformof theverbsin brackets.

My family _______ • (meet) in London next week for my mother's birthday. My brother
-------" (come)from Canadaand my sister_______ e (fly) over from Australia.
Unfortunately,my other sister_______ d (not come) becauseshe • {move}

house that week.
We _______ , (have)a big party in a hotel and then we-------• (go) on holiday
together for a few days.It'll be great!
Q Completethe invitations
andresponses.
a A ___ you like to come to a party tomorrow?
B l'd ___ to __ _
b A Would you like to ___ to the cinema this evening?

B I'd ___ to. What time shallwe meet?
~//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Units 1 & 2 Progresstest «-::~===

Jlls
Study sk pairs
gwordsin
• Leamin
y
Creativit s
s e device
• Multi-u
Studysk
ills
eading
• Close r
nit 3
entury • U
the 21- C
Products
~ <, Howdo youdecidewhatto buy?Whatinfluences

youropinion- adverts,
.. friends,socialmedia?

• Listening:
Listeningto matchdescriptionswith pictures • Productfeatures • Comparativeadjectives
• Speaking:Describingproducts and price • little,less;few.fewer
• Speaking:Discussingreasons
• Reading:Readingfor detail
• Reeding:Readingto makenotes
• Reeding:Readingto understandbar charts
• Writing:Writingcomparisons
• Reeding & Speaking: Evaluatinginformation
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 3 «-::4=1===

Buyingpower
@@ @ Productfeaturesand price
0 In pairs.Matchthe productsIn the boxwiththe photos.
activity tracker headphones portablecharger smartphone waterproofdigital camera
(fJ)~ 3.1Listento fivepeopletalkabouttheproductsIn1.Whichproductdotheydescribe?

a -- b_ C -- d _ e --
e Matchthesentencepartsto makesentences
abouta product.
a ltcomes to readinsideandoutside,especially
in sunlight
b lthasa readingbooksandnewspapers.
c Itsscreeniseasy in two colours,greyor silver.
d I useit for batterylifeof aroundtendays.
===42=--» English for the 21st Century • Unit 3 w////////////////b///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

I
1,WU,W/////////////HH//H/////AW/////H///////////HH,W////////,W/////////////////QU//U,W//////U///H/////H////AW/////H/////////////H///////////~
0 Theseadjectives
are usefulfor describing
Matcheachonewithits meaning.
products.
Describingproducts
a compact haslotsof differentuses
Uses
b easy reactsveryquickly I useit forsurfingthe internet.
It'sforchargingbatteries.
C light not wide or thick It iseasyto use.
Features
d slim doesn'tweigh much It hasaverygoodcamera.
TheImagesarebrightandclear.
e stylish can'tbe damagedby water ThedesignIsverystylish.
Coloursand sizes
f responsive not difficultor complicated It comesin two colours,blackor
g versatile lastsfor a largeamountof time metallicgrey.
It comesin two sizes,
small
h waterproof looksattractiveand modern andlarge.
long smallin size
(0JCompletethedetailsaboutaneReaderwithadjectivesfrom4.
a A designthat can fit in a pocket.
b Very and weighsjust 108grams.
C Fastand Downloadsa book in

50 seconds.
d to read,even in bright sunlight.
e batterylife- up to threeweeks
on a singlecharge.
mJIn pairs.Askquestionsabouttheproductsfn1 using

an adjective.Adda commentaboutthe product.
ExampleA Isthe portablechargerlight?

B Yes,I think so.It'sabout the same
sizeasa smartphone.
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6) ~ 3.2 Listento fourconversations

aboutthe costof products.
Completethe prices.
a laptop S______ _ c folding keyboardfor an iPad S ______ _
b flashdrive32 GB £ _____ _ d colour printer £ ______ _
Q ~ 3.2 Listenagain.Completethecommentsaboutthe prices.

a That'sa reallygood ______ _ c That'squite ______ _
b Theydon't _______ much. d That'svery good ______ _
Q Q In pairs.Choosea productyouhaveIn classnowandshareInformationaboutIt witha partner.

Includethesecategories:
• make • featuresyou like
• mainuses • price
ExampleA Thisis my smartphone.It'sthe new
ZenithXl. I useit mainlyfor text
messages and listeningto music.
B Whatfeaturesdoes it have?
A It hasa greatalarmfor the mornings,
and the soundquality isvery good.
B It'svery nice.How muchdoesa phone
likethat cost?
A I havea contract.SoI pay£40a month.
B Wow!That'sexpensive.

Century • Unit 3 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Productreviews
(e)@ Comparativeadjectives
0 Doyoulcnaw anyonewitha smartwatch?
Whatda theyuseit for?
e Lookthroughthe list of smartwatch

functions.Rate
themas notveryuseful(1),useful(2) or veryuseful(3).
Compareyourresultswithanotherstudent.Whatother
functionswouldyouUkea smartwatch to have?
• tellsthe time
• hasemailand phonecallalerts Comparativeadjectives
Weusethe comparativeform of an
• providesnotificationsof eventsfrom your phone'scalendar adjectiveto comparetwo things.
Forone-sylIableadjectives,add -er
• givesupdateson the weather to the adjective.
• tracksactivity and sleep Example short - shorter
Foradjectiveswith two or more
• hasa heartratemonitor syllables,
put morein front of
the adjective.
e Raadan extractfrom a reviewof two smartwatchas.
Whichfeaturesdoesthereviewcompare?
Example morestylish
Foradjectivesendingin -y,change
-yto-ier.
Example pretty - prettier
WHAT
WETHINK Forirregularadjectiveswe usea
varietyof forms.
Welikethe improveddisplayon the new Draco3 smartwatch.Thedisplayis Examplesgood - better,
easierto seethanon the old model,especiallyin strongsunlight.TheDraco3 bad-worse
is smallerthan its rival,the newTR-5,so it is morecomfortableto wear,
Weusethan whenwe compare
especiallyfor peoplewith smallwrists.TheDraco3 smartwatchhasa longer
two things.
batteryllfethan the TR-5,five dayscomparedto oneday.
Example TheDraco3 smartwatch
If you want a cool smartwatch,the Draco3 probablyIsn'tfor you.TheTR-5 hasa longerbatterylife
is certainlymorestylishthan the Draco3,and it hasa largerrangeof apps. thanthelR-5.
But if you areon the roada lot,and batterylife is importantto you,then the
Draco3 is a betteroption than the TR-5.
AliA GLANCE
Displaysize Raolutlon Weight Thickness Startingprice
(Inches) (pl.ts perInch) (grams) (millimetres) (doU..S)
Draco3 1.25 180 425 Upto9.5 $150

TR-5 2.00 245 fx>.7 125 max $250
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 3 «.:::~====

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a Writethe comparative
formsof theseadjectives.
a cheap d heavy C>3.3 Listento the

b small e nice comparativeforms
of the adjectivesIn
c good f sharp 4. Noticethe weak
pronunciationof the -er
(0 Completethe sentences
withthe comparative
formof the adjectlvas ending. Then practise
sayingthem.
in braclcats.
a My new laptop is _______ than my old one.(fast)
b A digital cameratakes______ photosthan my phone.(sharp)
c iPadsare_______ than most other tablets.(expensive)
d I needa smartphonewith a------- camera.(good)
e I likethe iPhonea lot. It's_______ and _______ than the LG.(compact,slim)
f The sound quality on my new phone is than on my old phone.(bad)
Q In pairs.Lookat the At a glanceInformation

aboutthe two smartwatcheson page45.
Writefive sentences comparing thetwowatchesusingthe adjectivesfromthe box.
bad bright cheap good heavy high large

light long low sharp short small thick
ExampleThe Draco3 hasa smallerdisplaythan the TR-5.

a
b
C
d
e
fJ Compareyoursentencesln 6 withanotherpair.Checkeach
other'swork.Arathecomparative
formscorrect?Suggest
anyimprovements.
Q) Q In pairs.Discusswhichis better.
• a laptop or desktopcomputerfor collegework
• a smartphoneor digital camerafor taking holidayphotos
• a compact smartphone(4.6-inchdisplay)or a smartphone
with a largescreen(6 inch}
ExampleA I think a ... is better because...
B I think so,too/I don't agree.I prefera ... becauseit's ...
E) In pairs.Discuss
a shortcasestudyaboutupdatingcomputerdevices.Goto page171for instructions.

Century • Unit 3 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
pping
0 In pairs.Lookat the photos.Whereare the people?Whatare they doing?
(fJ Whichof theseproductswouldyou buy onllne (OL)or in a real store/shoppingmall (RS)?

Discuss Addtwo otherltemsyouor yourfamilyregularlybuyonUne.
yourreasons.
a a smartwatch d ajacket
b a hairdryer e a travel bag
c a tennisracket f sportsshoes
0 Whatdevicesdoyouor yourfamilyusefor shopping?

ExamplesI use a laptop to buy things online.
I usea smartphone in shops to check the prices.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 3 «.:::~=7=

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a read In pairs.Readabouttwo waysof shopping.

about'showroomars•
StudentA
below.StudentB readabaut
STUDYSKILLS:
'webroomers' on page171.Asyouread,markthetext, Closereading
usingthe ideasIn theC21skillssectionon page52.
Seepage52 ➔
Do you like to see and try a productIn o store are In a store.Theirmain motivationIsto buy
beforeyou buy it online?Whenyou'rein a the productsthey see in a storeat a lower price
store,do you useyour smartphoneto check onlineor in anothershop.
onlineprices?If your answersare 'yes',you are
Asia'sshoppersare expertsat showrooming.
probablya showroomer. Thetop showroomersare in Vietnam.Forty
'Showrooming'is when shoppersgo to a per centof Vietnamesepeopleusetheir
storeto checkout a productthey like, but buy smartphonesto comparepricesin storeand
it somewhereelsewherethe priceis lower. online.Manyyoungershoppers(aged18-301
Today,smartphonesmakeIt easyfor shoppers also usesmartphoneswhile shoppingto
to checkpricesand productreviewswhile they comparepricesand find the best deals.
e Makenotesin the correctpartof the table,usingthe pointsyouhighlighted

in 4.
Showroomlng Webroomlng
-
Whatis it?
I
Whydo peopleshopthisway? I
Inwhichcountriesdo peopleshopthisway?
I
Whichagegroupsshopthisway? I
===48=--»English for the 21st Century • Unit 3 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
Q ~ 3.4 Listento StephenandMariatalkabouthowthey preferto shop.

Aretheyshowroomers
or webroomers?
(fJ ~ 3.4 Completethesentencesfromtheconversations

in 6 usingthewordsfromthe box.
Listenagainandcheck.
[ checkout do do post scans searches use

I
a I _______ a lot of researchbefore I decide what to buy.
b First,I some biogs.

c I also on Facebookfor advicefrom friends I> 3.5 Listento the wr,
we pronounce 'i' in these
and family. words.Whichwordshave
the samesound7
d _______ a pricecomparisoncheck.
price assistant
e I ------- a reallyusefulapp called Findlt.
It
for the best price.
the barcode.It also______ _
information
online
into
decide
J
Q In pairs.Raadthe shortcasestudy.IsJana showroomaror a webroomer?
Is herbehaviouracceptable?Givereasonsfor youranswer.
Jenwantsfo buya new camera.Shegoesinto

a localstorefo hovea lookat the camerashe
wantsto buy.Shedoesn'tintendto buyit there.
A helpfulsalesassistantexplainsthe camera's
featuresand showsher howto usett.After20
minutes,Janhasall the Informationshe needs.
Shegetsout her smartphoneto checkprices
onllne.Shefindsthe productcheaperat another
shopand leaveslmmedlatelyto buyIt there.
mQ. In pairs.Discuss
whattypeof shopperyouare.Givesomaexamples.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 3 «.:::~=9=

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@ @ little,less;Jew,fewer
Onlineand In-storeshopping
D Lookat thebarchart. 450 I
Answerthequestions. 400-1-=----=--------------
~ 350-'-----••-~------------
a Whatdoesthe barchart show? 1300
~
A
250
J 200
b How manycountriesdoesit compare? l 150- -
i 100-'-
50
c Whatdo the barsrepresent? O Turkey China Russia Japan France Brazil USA
■ Instore ■ Online Countrl•
fJJIn pairs.Arethestatementsaboutthe barcharttrueor false?Correctanyfalsestatements.

a In all the countries,peoplespendmoretime shoppingin storesthan on the internet.
b FewerTurkishconsumersspendtime shoppingonlinethan in stores.
c In Russia, consumersspendthe sameamountof time shoppingonlineasin stores.
d Braziliansspenda lot lesstime shoppingonlinethan Frenchpeopledo.
e Onlineshoppingis morepopularin Japanthan in China.
f Comparedto all the other countries,Americansspenda lot lesstime shoppingonline.
B) UnderUne
the correctoptionto completethe sentences.
a Now I havechildren,I havelessI fewermoneyfor buyingclothes.
b Olderconsumersbuy lessI feweritemsonlinethan youngerpeople. little, Ins; few, fewttr
Littlemeansnot much.We use
c Thereis lessI fewerinformationabout food than peoplewant.
it with uncountablenouns.
d FewerI lessconsumersarehappyto payfor thingswith a mobile phone. Example I havelittle time for
internetshopping.
(D In graupsof four.PairA workwithbarchart1on page172. Fewmeansnot many.We useit
with countablenouns.
PairBworkwithbarchart2 on page173.Answerthe questions Example Fewpeoplein
aboutyourbarchart. Denmarkbuy
things with their
a Whatdoesthe barchart show?____________ _
smartphones.
b How manycountries/areas
doesit compare?________ _ Thecomparativeformsareless
(than)and ff!wer(than).
c Whatdo the two colouredbarsrepresent?
_________ _
ExamplesI spendlesstime
internetshopping
(El ~ Writesixstatementsaboutyourbarchart.Include thanmy friend,Tom.
FewerEuropeans
two or threemistakeswiththe Information.
pay for thingswith
their smartphones.
0) Q Swapyourstatementswiththe otherpair.Findthe mistakes
in eachother'sstatements
andcorrect them.
fJ Writea shortparagraphaboutyourbarchart.
===50=--~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 3 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
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OlJrruOU
///////M ~'////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
Learnfngwordsrnpairshelpsusto understandmeanfng.It alsohelpsusto memorize

the words.Hereare someexamples.
• wordswith the opposite meaning good/bad
• wordswith the samemeaning small/little
• wordsthat relateto the sametopic hot/sunny
D Whattopicconnectsthewordsin eachpair?
a attractive/well-designed d slim/compact
b clean/tidy e cheap/expensive
c noisy/busy f cold/rainy
fJ Writepairsof wordsthatconnectwiththesetopics.
a travellingto work or college c watchingsport
b going shopping d studying
The useof socialmediaandthe waywe accessit can beverydifferentacrosscultures.
D Thinkaboutthesepointsandanswerthequestions.
a Howdo you accesssocialmedia?Whatinfluences
your choiceof device?
1 desktopcomputer 3 tablet
2 laptop 4 mobile phone
b Areyou familiarwith thesesocialmediaplatforms?
In which countriesarethey most popular?
1 Orkut 3 Naver
2 Ameba
c Whatsocialnetworksareyou familiarwith?Whichof
them arefor:
1 business? 3 personalinterests?
2 education?
d Whichisthe most popularsocialnetworkin your country?
Isit the samefor differentgenerations?
(fJ DiscusshowsocialnetworkshaveInfluencedglobalandregionalcommunltfes.
Thinkaboutthe benefitsanddrawbacks
bygivingexamples.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////-4 En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 3 «-:::5=~=

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SKILLS:CLOSEREADING
We read closely when we need to find details or check information. This contrasts with
scanning and skrmmlng where we only read part of a text.
D Readthetext anddothefollowing.
a Underlinethe wordsyou don't know.
b Highlightthe sentencesyou don't understand.
c Choosethe mostimportantpointsandwrite a short summary.
In 1791,Britainneedednew maps.The
governmentwas worriedabouta war
with France.Theywantedto measure
the heightof hills and rivervalleysto find
the best placesto defendthe country.
Thesemapswerevery expensive.They
cost about two weeks'salaryeach.It
took nearly100 yearsfor all of the maps
to be finished,and they were usedin
planningrailwaysand roads.
In the 20 th century,peoplewantedto
enjoy cyclingor walking,so they needed
new maps.Electronics,lasersand
photographstransformedthe way maps
were made.In 1995, Britainbecamethe
first country with digital maps that you
could buy online.As well as the maps in
shops,you can now decidewhereyou
want a map for,and how big the scale
is, then you can order it online.This is
usefulfor everyone,from town planners
to leisureusers.
===52=--» English for the 21st Century • Unit 3 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

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Progress
D Makea Ust of thraa things you learnt in this unit and three things to practise.
I
1 1
2 2
3 3
fJ Compare your list with a classmate.

yourEnglish?
1
2
3
4
• Done • Not done • More practice • Updatelearningplan
fJ) Howcanyoubemoreactiveinyour
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 3 «.:::53==

Criticalth1nk1ng
• Criteria
CreatMty
• Qualitativeand
quantitativeresearch
===54::;.» Englishfor the 21.11

Century • Unit 4
Decision-making
How carefully do you plan your purchasing decisions? Is it the same for these items:
• a pair of trainers? • an item of furniture for your bedroom? • a mobile phone?
Why Is It Important to make Informed decisions when buying more expensive Items?
Language skills Vocabulary Grammar

• Reading: Readingfor detail • Furniture • Supertativeadjectives
• Listening:Listeningto makenotes • Sizesand prices
• Writing:Writinga proposal
• Writing:Writingan advert
• Speaking: Talkingto salesstaff
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 4 «-:::5=5===

0 Lookat the photos.HowmanyItemsof furniturecanyouname?
Whichroomandfurnituredoyoulike?
D Choose adjactlvas
to describe
fromthe box
the studentrooms h
andthe styleof furniture.
cheap comfortable
0
cosy modern robust
simple small
suitable traditional Trad Space
e~ 4.1Listento a DesignLifesalesperson
Completethe sentences.
talk aboutthe companyandits products.
a DesignLife providesthe _______ furniture for student accommodation.

b Well,at DesignLife,we supplythe _______ quality furniture at the ______ _
possibleprice.
c All ourfurniture is made of the _______ robust materialsand lastsfor years.
d Modusisthe _______ popular range.It hasthe most _______ designs.
a In pairs.Readthetext fromthe DesignUfa webpagebelow.

Findandcorrectfourmistakes.
a TheSpacerange is the idealsolution for the most

smallrooms. Superlative adjectives
Forone-syllableadjectives,
weform
b Tradis most expensiverange.The naturalwood furniture the superlative
with theand-est.
is the most good solution for traditional buildings. Examplehigh- the highest
With adjectives with two or more
c Whateveryou need,we will work together with you to
syllableswe use the and mostin front
find the suitablestsolution,at the best price.
of the adjective.
Exampleexciting - the most exciting

Century • Unit 4 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
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Q) Askandanswerquestionsaboutthephotosin 1.Usethesuperlativeformof the adjectives

in youranswers.
Example A Which design do you like best?
B I likeModusbest becauseit's the most comfortable.What about you?
a Which design is the _______ (modern)?
b Which room isthe (small)?
c Which furniture is the (robust)?
d Which furniture looksthe (cheap)?
e Which room-type isthe (suitable)for a college or universityin your country?
@@@®) Sizesand prices
D Readthe emailto the MarketingManagerat DesignLifeandanswerthe questions.

a Who is the emailfrom?___________________________ _
b Whatdoestheschoolwant?_________________________ _
c Whendo they want a reply?________________________ _
Dear Sally Silkins,

We area small lnternatlonal school. We would Ilkaa quotation for furniture for fivenewstudy bedrooms.
The five rooms are for our students so the furniture needs to be very robust. It's also important that the
rooms look bright and modern and have good storage. Each room has a fitted wardrobe and a shower
room, with shower, washbasin and toilet. In addition, each room should have the following:
• desk and chair
• shelf space or a bookshelf
• bed
• storage space or a chest of drawers
Our budget per room is £900. We would like your proposal by the end of the week. Please include a
quotation for the furniture, and your design for the rooms.
Regards,
Martin Wheeler
School Manager
fJl~ 4.2 Listen to MarciaandHassan talkingabouttheir ideasfor therooms.

Makenotesfor eachstudent.
Marcla Hassan
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(0 In groups of three. Maka a list of criteria that will meat the

college's requirements. Than look at the details belowand
choose furniture. Rememberthe budget is £900 per room.
The furniture is available In white, cream, black, dark blue
and red.
M1Single bed M2 Singlebed,threedrllWllnl M3 Sm■ll doublebed,

90cmwide 90cmwide threedrneni
200cm long 200cmlong 127cmwide
87cm high 87cm high 200cmlong
£250 £350 87cmhigh
£450
W1Wardrobe,
two doors C1 Chait of drawars, C2 Cheatof drawers,
99cmwlde threedrlWlll'S fourdr ....
60cmdeep 99cmwlde 99cmwlde
76cm high 60cmdeep 60cmdeep
£150 76cmhlgh 7Bcmhlgh
£250 £300
D1D•lc, nodrawers D2 Desk,nodrawers D3 Deslc,

thl'N drawers
BOcmwide 150cmwide 120cmwide
50cmdeep 50cmdeep 60cmdeep
76cm high 76cmhigh 76cmhigh
£160 £200 £300
S81Smellbaalcc1a,fivelhllves WSU2Will lhelvlng unit B3 loallcaN, two doors

BOcmwide 120cmwide 160cmwide
35cmdeep 35cmdeep 35cmdeep
am 106cmhigh
£160
37cm high
£120
180cmhigh
£200
~ OC1Officechair EC1Eay chair ADC1Adjumblede■k ch■lr

red,green,blue,white green,blue,white black,white,blue
£50 £60 £100
a Have a discussionto choose the best furniture for the rooms. Use the room plan below to help you.
Use comparatives and superlatives In your discussion.Choose colours for each Item.
Example A I think the best bed is M2.It hasthree drawersand it's the right width.
B I agree/Idon't agree.I think M3 is better.
3.5m
\]
,
I
I
I ReplJingto • businessemail
Dear...
Thankyou foryouremailrequesting
a proposalfor ...
Wesuggest ...
I amattaching...
Reply to the email on page 57. Give details of your proposa~ Please
contactmeformoreInformation.
including a quotation and rough design. Use expressionsfrom Regards...
the Focusboxin your reply.
===58=--» Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 4 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

Smart buys
@ Conversationswith salesstaff Conversations
withsalesstaff
Weuse Doyouhave.. .lwhen we ask
about sizesand colours.
0 Whanyoubuyclothes,whatarethe mostimpartantfactars ExamplesDo you havethisin a
for you?Discussthewordsin the boxandaddanyather medium/size42?
factorsyouthinkare impartant.CompareyourIdeaswith Do you havethem In blue?
anotherstudent. Whenwe makerequestswe useCan/
CouldI .. .?or I'dliketo + verb.
brand fit price quality style ) ExamplesCanI try thesetrousers
on,please?
I'd liketo try it on, please.
(fJ)Whoasksthesequestions,the customer(C)or the

salesassistant(SA)?
a CouldI try thistop on?
b Howwouldyou liketo pay?
c Doyou haveit in a differentcolour?
d CanI helpyou?
E) Matchthe sentencepartsto makequestions

andcommentsfor whenyou'reshopping.
a I'd liketo try this in a smallersize?
b I don't likethe black.Do you haveit shoeson?
c ltfits in anyothercolours?
d CouldI try these perfectly.
e They'retoo big. Do you havethem with AmericanExpress?
f CanI pay T-shirton.
©2tlli311H
~ Seepage63 ➔
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a In pairs.Jo Is buyinga pair of Jeans.Canyou workout the

missingwordsIn this conversation?
Salesassistant CanI help you?

Jo Yes,please.I'd •try
thesejeanson.
Salesassistant Certainly.What bareyou?
Jo I'm a size32.
Salesassistant OK.Thechanging Cj5
overthere.
Jo Thanks.
(Jotrieson thejeans)
Salesassistant d arethe jeans?
Jo Great.They • perfectly.
How mucharethey?
Salesassistant They're£49.99.
Jo OK.That'sfine.I'll 'them.
Salesassistant Howwould you liketo W?
Jo With my debit card,please.
B ~ 4.3 Listenand checkyouranswersto 4.

(CJ)Q In pairs.Usethe conversationin 4 to practisebuyingclothes.Beforeyou
start, decidethe foUowlng:type of clothes,size,priceand colour.
===60=--~ English for the 21st Century • Unit 4 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

D In pairs.Youare goingto watcha slldeshowcalled Howsmart Is too smart? Lookat the photosfrom ••
Whatdo they show?Shareyour Ideaswith anotherpafr.
the sl1deshow.
.--_.-,, I
(fJ)In groups.Thinkof 15 wordsyou wlUhearIn tha slldashow.Writethem In a wordmap.

ThanshareyourIdeaswiththe class.
0 Watchthe sUdeshow.
Makenotes.Howmanyof the wordsfromyourwordmapdidyou hear?
a Discuss
in pairs.
Whatdid you think of the smarthome in the slideshow?
Wouldyou liketo live likethis?Do you haveany
of thesegadgets?Howfar can smarttechnologygo?Whatgadgetswill be next?
Q) Whatnewgadgetwouldyoulike?WhatwlUIt do?Howwtllft makeyourUfabetter?

Usethe Internetfor Ideasandmakenotes.
Q Youare goingto createan advertisement

for a
newgadget. Tipsfor creating an advert
Step 1 Findsomeadvertsonlineand note down • Usedirectlanguage.
their features. • Listyournew product'skeyfeatures.
Step2 Createa mind mapfrom your notesin 5. • Makeyouradvert'eye-catching'. Usedifferent
coloursandfonts.
Step3 Draftyour advert.
• Includea 'callto action',e.g.,BuyOnlineNowt,
Step4 Shareyour draft with anotherstudent. OrderToday!andCollUsNowandGet2096off.
Step5 Completeyour advert. • Includea web address.
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iliHINKING:CRITERIA
Criteriahelpyou makeinformeddecisions.Somecriteriaare moreimportantthan

othercriteria.Youneedto decidehowmuch youvalueeachcriterion.
D Stevewantedto buya laptop.look at Importance

thechartandanswerthe questions. of criteria Amity Driver
Criteria
(10 • thebest, 454 FP-10
a Whatwerethe most importantcriteria 1• theworst)
for him?
Batterylife 7 6 5
b Whatdid eachcomputerscorebest in?
c Whichcomputerdid he choose?What Cost 9 6 4
werethe main reasons? Design 4 2 4
Numberof
6 3 2
USBconnections
Reviewsby others 8 5 6
Softwareincluded 8 3 8
Speed 5 5 5
Storagespace 10 8 6
Weight 2 1 0
Colour 4 1 2
Wireless
7 6 6
connections
Qualityof
10 2 9
graphicscard
Total - 48 57
fJ) Youwantto buya car.Whichcriteriaare

importantfor you?Addthreemorecriteria.
Criteria Importance
Price
Size
Fueleconomy
Brandname
===62=--»Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 4 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

~
OlJrruOU
/////////.4 W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
QualitativeresearchIs aboutpeople'sopinions.QuantitativeresearchIs aboutfacts.

The type of researchyouchoosedependson the informationyou want.
D Readthetwointerviewquestionsandthe responses.Whichoneisqualitativeresearch?
Whichoneis quantitative
research?
a Whatdo you likeabout your localsupermarket?
1 Well,it's greatfor the bus.Thebusstop is next to the shop.
2 I likethe varietyof cheesesfor sale.
3 Mmm. I think it's got a good selectionof fruit and vegetables.And the cheesesare
reallygood value.
b And how often do you shopat your localsupermarket?
1 I come hereeverySaturday.
2 About twice a week.
3 It'svery busyon Saturdays
so I shop on Wednesdays.
fJ Thinkof twomorequalitativeandquantitativequestionsaboutsupermarkets.
(0 In pairs.Askandanswerthe questions
from1and2.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit 4 «-:::6=3==

Units3&4 ~///////////////////////////A ~~ W//////////////////////////////////////////////
D Wrltetheoppositesof thewords.
a expensive
b heavy
c big
d easy
e long
f wide
fJlRaadthecamerareviews.Wrltesentencescomparingthetwo cameras.
a
b
C
d
e
DIIIIIS 11480
Price £159 Prtce £340
Size 100mm x 35 mm Size 70 mm x 28 mm
Weight 600g Weight 230g
• Verygood quality photos • Good quality photos
• Easyfor beginners and advancedusers • Only for advancedusers
(0 withllttle,less,jeworfewer.
Completethesentences
a We havea _______ time beforethe train arrives.
b Therearea _______ chocolatesin the tin.
c I have_______ assignmentsthan Gina.Shehasfive and I havetwo.
d Thereis _______ money in the bankthis month than lastmonth.
===64==-~ Englishfor the 21st Century • Units 3 & 4 Progresstest W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A

/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W//////////////////////////4 Untts3 &4
(D)Writethesuperlativeformof theadjectives.
a comfortable
b cheap
c cosy
d modern
a robust
f good
g simple
h suitable
traditional
9 Completetheshopping
dialoguewiththecorrectwords.
Assistant CanI _______ •you?

Customer Yes.I _______ ..a smartjacketfor work.
Asslstant How about this blackone?
Customer Mmm. I think this blue one is_______ c. CanI _______ d it on?
Assistant Yes,of course.
Customer It'sa bit small.Do you havea _______ • size?
As.slstant I'm sorry,but this isthe _______ , sizewe'vegot in blue,but we do
haveyour sizein black.
Customer OK,well, I'll_______ • the blackone,then.
Assistant How _______ h you liketo pay?
Customer Bycash,please.
~/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n. Englishfor the 21111Century• Units 3 & 4 Progresstest «-::~===

f/
Uf• skills
s
• Groupand individualisticculture
Cntatfvity
• Usingtlmelines
Collaboration
• Planninga team task
\.
t5
English for the 21"1Century • Uni
Turningpoints
~~ What is the most important event in your life so far?

.. HowdidIt changeyour Ufe?

• Reading:Readingto orderevents • Life events • Quantifiers
• Reading:Readingto find true/falseinfonnation • Pastsimple:Regular
• Speaking:Talkingaboutpastevents and irregular
• Speaking:Talkingabouteventschronologically • Usingtime markers
• Speaking:Preparingand makinga presentation
• Listeningfor opinionsand detail
Listening:
• Listeningto completenotes
Listening:
• Writing:Writingchronologically
Enghshfor the 2111 Century• Unit 5 «.::::6=?==

Ages and stages
@ @ Life events;Quantifiers
0 In pairs.Choosesrxeventsthatmatchthe photos.Puttheeventsonthe UfeUne,
rn theorderthey
typicallyhappen.
changejobs havea baby

get a drivinglicence/ajob/married leavehome/school
go to college/university retire(from work)
graduatefrom college/university start (primary/secondary) school
startschool
LIFELINE
(fJ)Whicheventsarepredictableor unpredictable?
ExampleGettinga drivinglicenceisunpredictable.Youmayfail the drivingtest.
(0 Usethe wordsfrom1 to completethe sentences.

a In the UK.a lot of youngpeople_______ homewhenthey _______ university.
b In manycountries,people marriedand theirfirst child laterin life.
c Afterpeople_______ from university,it canbe difficultto get a goodjob straightaway.
d Youngpeopletodaycanexpectto _______ jobs severaltimesin their career.
e Peopleusually_______ from workwhen theyarein theirsixties.
f Mostchildren_______ primaryschoolwhenthey arefiveyearsold.
g In somestatesin the USA,youngpeoplecan_______ a drivinglicencewhentheyare16yearsold.

Q'/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
a Recordthe word partnerships for life events from 1 under these headings.
Education Work Familyandrelation.ships HomeandUvlng

start pn
(El~ 5.1Listento two conversationsaboutthe age

peopleda things.Answerthequestions.
Conversation1 Quantifiers
We use quantifiers with a noun to talk about
a Whendo mostwomen graduatefrom university the approximate number of something.
in Singapore? ExampleMost people graduate when they
b Whendo most men graduatefrom universityin Singapore? are 21.Some people leave school
Conversation
2 at 16.
100%of
a What isthe legalagefor driving in the US? nearly all
b Whendo mostyoung Americansget their driving licence? most people graduate when they
are21
(m)Completethe sentenceswitha quantifiersotheyare a lot of
some people leaveschool at 16
truefor yourcountry. a few
not many
a _______ peoplelearnto drivewhilethey
0%of
arestillat school.
b _______ womenstop work afterthey have

children,but _______ continueto work.
C _______ young peopleliveat homewhilethey areat university.
d Today,_______ older peopleretirebeforethey are60.
8 _______ childrenstudyEnglishat primaryschool.
a CJIn pairs.Askandanswerquestions
aboutyourcountry.
Step 1 Makenotesfor two of the points.
~l1311H
a get their firstjob
b get married
Step 2 Usethe exampleto start your conversation.
wordsfrom the Focusbox.
Include
c leavehome
d get their driving licence
r"'~ Seepage77 ➔
ExampleA In your country,when do peoplestart working?

B It depends.Somepeoplestartwhen they are 16.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 5 «.:::~====
7-
-r \
U Readabouttheearlylifeof a youngwomancalledJeu andanswerthequestions.

a Whenwere the biggestchangesin herearlylite?
b Whatwas her biggestpersonalachievement?
I was born in Londonin November1992.I startedprimaryschoolin 1997

and I had my first flute lessonagednine.It wasthe beginningof my
passionfor music.I begansecondaryschoolin 2003. Twoyearslater,
I wona competitionfor bestyoungmusicianof the year.2006 was a year
of greatchange.My fathergot a job in NewYorkand we movedtherein
July.My brotherand I startedhighschoolin Scarsdalethat September.
It took me a long time to adapt,but in the end I reallylikedthe school
and I madea lotof goodfriends.Thesecondbig changewas in June
2010.I graduatedfrom high school.Thenmy father'scompanyoffered
him a job in Toronto,Canadalaterthe sameyear,and we all movedagain.
fJJCompletethatlmeUnewiththamissingInformation.
I wasbornin Londonin November. Pastsimple:Regularand Irregular
1992
We usethe pastsimpleto talk about
1997 _______ • primaryschool. completedactionsin the past.Weusually
formit by adding-d or -edto theverb.
2001 _______ bmyfirst flute lesson. Examplesmove,moved;start,started
ForIrregularverbs,we usea variety
C
I begansecondaryschool. of forms.
Exampleshave,had;begin,began
2005 _______ da nationalcompetition Thepastsimpleof the verb be is was
for young musicians. or were.
ExamplesI/He/Shewasvery happyat
2006 My family_______ • to NewYork primaryschool.
in July. You/We/Theywereat
secondaryschoolfrom
_______ , high schoolin 2000to 2007.
Scarsdale
in September. Weoften usetime markerswith the
pastsimple.
----- I I graduated
andmovedto Canada. Exampleslastyear/month
two years/monthsago/in 1999
===70=--~ English for the 21st Century • Unit 5 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

Q/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
0 aboutJessin 1. Findthreeexamplesof:
Lookbackat Iha information
a verbs in the past tense with -ed endings
b verbs with irregular past tense endings.
I> 5,2 Ustento threedifferentwayswe pronounce-edendings.

Sound1 /d/ Sound2 /t/ Sound3 /•d/
lived liked started
opened worked visited
I> 5,3 Ustento theseverbs.Whichsounddo youhear?Write1, 2 or 3 nextto the verb.

asked ______ finished ______ played
changed graduated_____ _ stayed

decided moved studied
enjoyed planned watched
a Q In pairs.Talkaboutthingsyoudidlast
week,usingsomeof theverbsin 1 and2.
Payattentionto yourpronunciation
of
pastsimpleendings.
ExampleLastFriday,
I playedfootballin
the evening.
(EJJIn pairs.Completethebaseformor past

simpleof theseirregularverbs.Addthree
moreverbsyouknowto the list.
V•b Pastsimple Verb Pastsimple Verb Pastsimple
• became b did C:
fell
_J
go II get
l • have f
leave • h spent take
make k met win
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUshfor the 21st Century• Unit5 «.:::~====

8//////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
Q Completethedetailsof Jess's Usethe pastsimpleof theverbsInbrackets.

timeat university.
In September2011,I -------• (go) to the Universityof WaterloonearTorontoto do a

four-yeardegreein Business.
As part of the course,I -------• (do)four work placements.
In my secondyear,I _______ c (work)for a mining companyin Vancouver.Duringthe
placement,1_______ .,(help)organizea big conference.I -------• (learn)a lot
and '(fall) in love with Vancouver.
In my fourth year,I _______ , (spend)sixmonthsworking in Adelaide,Australia.

_______ • (share)a flat with two girls of my age.We _______ , (become)very
good friends.In April 2015,1______ 1(take) my finalsand ______ • (graduate).
I think the mix of academicstudy and work placements_______ , (be)very valuable.
(fJ)In pairs.Taketurnsto maketrueor falsesentencesaboutimportantyearsinJess'slife.

Correctanyfalsesentences.
ExampleA Herfamily movedto LosAngelesin 2006.
B False.Theymovedto NewYork.
Q I) Preparea timelinashowing eightkeyeventsinyourearly

life.Choosevisualsto IUustrate
someof the events.
Step 1 Brainstormeight keyeventsand list them in
chronologicalorder. ri!D SKILLS
Step 2 Createa timeline,by handor usinga timeline CREATIVITY:
creationtool. Usingtimelines
Step 3 Planwhat to say.Makea list of verbsyou want Seepage77 ➔
to useand their pasttenseform.
Q In threes.Taketurnsto talk aboutyourtfmelfne.Usetime

markersto makeit clearwheneacheventhappened.
Century • Unit 5 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
0 Whatfamousarchitectsdoyouknow?Whrcharethe most
famousbuildings
In yourcountry?Whodesigned
them?
(fJ)~ 5.4 Ustento threepeopletalkaboutthearchitect

ZahaHadid.Whatdo theythinkof her buildings?
a Chen
b Martine
c Faris
0 ~ 5.4 Listenagain.Tickthe adjectivesthe speakers

useto describeZahaHadid'sstyleof architecture.
beautiful 0 modern 0
exciting 0 original 0
futuristic 0 spectacular 0
impressive 0 strange 0
interesting 0 striking 0
massive 0 unusual 0
0 Q Lookat the photos.DoyouUkeZahaHadid's

architecture?
Giveyourreasons.
,.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 5 «.:::!3===
8//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
Q Raadan article aboutZahaHadid'scareer.Didshehavean easyor difficult start to her career?

Highlight information to supportyour opinion.
ZahaHadldwasborn In 19S0In Baghdad,Into a wealthyfamily.Her InterestIn architecturebeganduring a

family trip to seethe ancientSumeriancitiesIn the south of Iraq In herteens.Sheknew shewantedto be an
architect.Shedida degreeIn Mathsat the AmericanUniversityIn Lebanon.From1972to 1977shestudied
Architectureat the ArchitecturalAssociationSchoolof Architecture(theAA) In London.
EARLYCAREER-Afterthree years'experienceIn an architecturefirm In London,Hadldopenedher own
office In 1980.Duringthe 19805shewon manydesigncompetitions,but few of her Ideasbecamereal
buildings.Architectsadmiredher originaldesigns,but shewasnot well known.In 1994,Hadidwon herfirst
successfulcommissionto build a smallfire stationfor the Vitrafurniture companyin Gennany.Thesameyear
shewon an internationalcompetitionto build an operahousein Cardiff.However,the project wascancelled.
It wasa big disappointmentto Hadidand shethought about giving up architecture.
INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION - Hadid'snext big ~reakcamein 1998when shewon a commissionto
build the RosenthalCenterfor the ContemporaryArts in Cincinnati,USA.Thecommissionraisedher profile
internationally,and other important commissionsquicklyfollowed. In 2004,shereceivedthe Pritzker
ArchitecturePrize.Otherawardsfollowed,includingthe StirlingPrizefor the MAXXIMuseumin Romein
2010,and anotherin 2011for a schoolin London.Until her unexpecteddeath in 2016,shewasone of the
richestarchitectsIn the world and employedover 400architects.Herunusualbuildingscan be seenIn cities
all overthe worldfrom BeijingandBakuto Miami.
Q Arathe statementsaboutZahaHadldtrueor false?

Correctanyfalsestatements.
a Shegrew up in Baghdadin a richfamily.
b ShestudiedArchitecturein Beirut,Lebanon.
c Afterfinishingher architecturalstudies,sheopened
herown office.
d In herearlycareershewasbetter knownfor her
designsthan her actualbuildings.
e Shewon the PritzkerArchitecturePrizewhen she
wasSO.
f Youcanfind her buildingsin citiesall overthe world,
exceptin the UK.
fJ) In pairs.Identifythe mainturningpointsinZaha

Hadid'scareer- pointswhenhercareerchanged
In an importantway.Makanotesabouteachpoint
andhowit affectedhercareer.
===]4=~:::,» Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 5 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////0
Q wordsin thearticle.Tryto workoutthe meaningfromthe context.Raadeach

Lookat the highlighted
sentencecarefullyandthe sentencesbeforeandafter rt. Thanunderlinethe correctmeanlng.
a commission officialofferof work/price d raised hada badeffectI increased
b giving up stopping/complaining e awards payments/prizes
c (a)break an opportunityI a disappointment
Q ~ 5.5 Listento twoyoungpeopletalk aboutturningpointsrntheirlives.Completethenotes.
Turningpoint Effecton his/herlife
He decided to and
Amir He failed
Shesaw a when she

Natasha Shedecided to become
was
mJ)~ 5.5 Listenagain.Completethesentencesfromtheconversations.

a lt _______ my life _______ lt _______ metime to
_______ what I wanted to do.
b It was a real_______ point. I knew I _______ to be a theatre director.
c 1_______ a _______ breaktwo yearsago.
d It ______ everything.
m Q In pairs.Talkaboutturningpolntslnyourlifeorthelifeof someone
Say whathappened
andhowIt affected
youortheotherparson.
you knowwell
ExampleWhen I was 18,I went to study in another town.

It changed me a lot. I became more independent.
m Q In teamsof three.Research
a famouspersonfromthe arts,sport,scienceor business.
Thengivea presentation.
Step 1 Choosea famous person you are all interestedin.
Step 2 Makea list of possiblesourcesof information for
en SKILLS
your research. COLLABORATION:

Planninga team task
Step3 Work through the questions in the C21skillssection
Seepage78 ➔
on page 78 to help plan the task.
Step 4 Prepareand give your presentation.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////-4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 5 «.:::rs===
8//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
@@A sequenceof events

Usingtime markers
D Readthe two extractsandunderUne
the timemarkers. Whenwe write a sequenceof events,we
makethe orderof eventsclearin two ways.
a Ramifinishedtechnicalcollegein 2000.Thefollowing We usetime phraseslikethefollowingyear;
yearhe got hisfirstjob in a smallengineeringcompany. two monthslater.
Threeyearslaterthe companywent out of businessand Example I completedmy degreein
Ramilost hisjob. 1999.ThefollowingyearI did
b AfterSonyahada babydaughterin 2004,shegaveup a MastersIn Chemistry.
workto carefor her child.Shewent backto work part- We usetime clauseswith when,before
and after.
time when her daughterstartedprimaryschool,in 2009.
ExamplesI got ajob in an export
companyafterI left school.
fJ) Rewritethesentencesasonesentenceusingtheword WhenI wasat school,I took
In brackets. tennislessons.
a I took my drivingtheorytest.ThenI haddrivinglessons. (after) Whensentences startwith before,afteror
when,put a commaafterthefirstclause.
b Hewasin hisfinalyearat university.Hedecidedto become Example After my parentsretired,they
an actor.(when) movedto a smallerhouse.
c My parentsbought me a car.ThenI went to university.(before)
d I spenta yearin BostonstudyingEnglish.ThenI got myfirstjob with IBM.(after)
e I wasa child.I went to four differentschools.(when)
f I graduatedfrom the Schoolof Architecture.I did a work placementin a constructioncompany.(before)
(0 The BritisharchitectNormanFosteris famousfor hissteel

andglassbuildings. Writea paragraphabouthisearly
career.Usethe Information below.
Step1 Draftyour paragraph.Makesureyou usepasttenseforms.
Includetime markersfrom the Focusbox.
Step2 Swapparagraphs andcheckeachother'swork.
Step3 Updateyour paragraph.
Dates Events
1935 Bornin Manchester,

England
1952 Leavesschool(aged16)
1956-61 Studiesat ManchesterUniversity,Schoolof Architecture
1961-62 Doesmaster'sdegree,YaleUniversity
1962 TravelsaroundUSA
1963 Setsup 'Team4' in London,with threeotherarchitectfriends
1966 Opensown office,FosterAssociates(nowFoster+Partners)
1999 WinsPritzkerArchitecturePrize(aged64)
Century • Unit 5 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
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@
/////////h iW/////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
INDIVIDUALISTIC
CULTURES
Peopleln group cultures focus less on themselvesand more on social groups and
soclety as a whole. In indMduaUsticcultures, people focus more on themselves,for
example,their lifestyleand career.An understanding of thesedifferenceshelpsto
preventmisunderstandings.
D Readthestatements.Dotheyexpressgroupor fndivlduallstfcculturalviews?
a Everymonth,we go to our villageand havea big familymeal.It'sgood to seemy old school
friends.They'llbe with me all my life.
b BeforeI go to university,I want to havea yearoff to seethe world,andfind out what is really
importantin my life beforeI settledown - maybehere,or perhapsthe USA.
c Lotsof myfriendswork abroadto earnmoney.I preferto stayin my hometownwith my
familyand friends.I knoweveryoneandfeel verycomfortable.
d I try and keepmy work and sociallife separate.Theirtime is their time.My time is my own.
I likethe freedomto choosewhat I want to do, andwhen.
fl) Whichof the statementsIn 1 arecloseto yourownYiew?Howdoyoufeel about

the otherviewsexpressed?
TlmeUnesare onewayto representkeyeventsand timesIn a simpledlagram.

Usingdiagramsandvisuallnformatlonmakessomethingmorememorable,and
helpswith learning.
D Lookat thetlmellnesandcompletethesentences.
a I movedto Seattle yearsafter I graduated.
I graduatedfromuniversity I movedto Seattle I startedmyown business
2004 2008 2014
b I go to the gym weekday.

gym gym gym gym gym
Pait Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Now
c I lived in Abu Dhabifor _______ years.

I movedto AbuDhabi I left Abu Dhabi
Past 1995 2004 Now
d I'm going shoppingwith Alice______ _

Dinnerwith friends Shoppingwith Allee Cinemawith sister
Now Friday Saturday Sunday
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////-4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 5 «.:::n===
M@O~
@
////////2 W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////.
: P.LANNING
A TEAMTASK
WorkingIn teamsIs an Importantpart of Ufefor mostpeople.It Is a wayof makingsure

everyoneis Involvedand supportsthe project,andof makingthe mostof differentskills.
Whenwe workIn a team,we needto thinkaboutthesequestions.
• Whatdo we needto do?
• How long do we have?
• What'sthe best wayto organizethe tasksowe havean equalamountof work?
• Howcan we communicatesowe completethe taskon time?
D Completetheprojectplan.Discussyourplanwitha classmate.
PROJECT:
Plan an end-of-coursecelebration
Roles
Projectmanager
Stages
1 Completethe outline
2 Assignroles
J
4
5
Alms
Providefood, drink and entertainmentfor 30 people
• Typeof food
• Typeof drink
• Typeof entertainment
Century• Unit 5 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
OlJrruOU
@
/////////h iW/////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
Progress
I
1 1
2 2
3 3

yourEnglish?
1
2
3
4
• Done • Not done • More practice • Updatelearningplan
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit5 «.:::!9===
Communication
• Givingyourselftime to think
Ufe skills
• Preparingfor a conversation
80
Now & then
~ C, look at the photo. Can you guesswhat city it is? What is different about it
.. nowandtenyearsago?
languageskills Vocabulary Grammar

• Reading:Readingto find true/falseinformation • City life • Pastsimple:Negatives
• Speaking:Discussingcity life in the past and questions
• Listening& Speaking:Conversationskills
• Writing:Writinga newspaperarticle
D In pairs.Tellyourpartnerabouta city youknowwell Givedetailsaboutthe foUowing
topicsnowand15yearsago.
ExamplesMost of the buildingsin the city arenew.A lot of them arevery high.
Fifteenyearsago manyof the buildingswereold andsmall.
a buildings b roads c transport d lifestyle
fJ ReadaboutTokyoin the19601.Arethestatementstrueorfalse?Correctanyfalsestatements.
a TheOlympicGameswere in 1960.
b The bullettrain took sevenhoursfrom Tokyoto Osaka.
c Peoplehadan easylife after the war in 1945.
d Lotsof familiesowned a car in the 1960s.
e Thestandardof livingwasbetter in the 1960s.
The 1960swere a time of changein Japan.In 1964Japanhosted

the OlympicGamesfor the first time. The new Shinkansenor
'bullet train' startedjust before the Olympics.It wasvery fast and
reducedtravelling time from Tokyoto Osakafrom sevento four
hours.Thiswasan important step forward and helped business
to develop rapidlyfrom the 1960sthrough to the 1980s.
Wasllfe hard after the war

rn 1945?Yes,rt was.Tokyo
was badly damagedand
people didn't havemuch
food. Lifewasn't easy.
Whatdid peopledo?
Everyoneworked to rebuild
the country.New businesses
like Sonystarted.In the 1960s
people had more money and their standardof living
improved.Manyfamilies had a car and a television.
Forthe first time, people could take a holiday abroad.
Century• Unit 6 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
,W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
e Q In pairs.WhatwaslifeUkein the 1980s?

Completethe sentenceswlthtruelnformatlon
aboutyourcountry.Usethe correctformof the Pastsimple:Negativesand questions
verbsIn brackets. Weusedid for negativesand questionsin the past
simple.Fornegativeswe usedid not and a verb.
a Most people_______ (be) better off than Example Peopledidn't (did not) havemuchfood
they arenow. afterthe war.
Weusedid and a verbto makequestions.
b There_______ (be)a lot of construction
ExamplesA Did peopletravelby bullet train?
going on in the cities. B Yes,they did/No they didn't
c Mostwomen with children_______ (work) Whendid the bullet trainservicestart?
at that time. Weusethe pastsimpleof beto makenegatives
andquestions.
d A largenumberof flats______ (have) ExamplesLifewasn't(wasnot) easyafterthe war.
airconditioningthen. Peopleweren't(werenot) welI off in
the 1950s.
e Mostpeople_______ (own) a car. Waslife easyin the 1950s?
f In the 1980s,
traffic ______ (be)a problem Yes,it was/No, it wasn't.
Werepeople happy?
in cities. Yes,they were/No,they weren't.
(D)Usethestatementsin 2 to makequestions.
ExampleThe Olympic Gameswere in 1960.
Werethe Olympic Gamesin 1960?
(0) In pairs.Askandanswerthequestionsyoumadein 4.
ExampleA Werethe Olympic Gamesin 1960?
B No,they weren't.They were in 1964.
(m)Thesequestionsarausefulfor findingoutwhatUfawasUkain thepast.PutthewordsInthe

correctorder.Thanaddtwo morequestions
of yourown.
a then/ the roads/ were/ busy/?
b was/ the city/ what/ like/?
c work/ get/ did/ to/ people/ how/?
d leisuretime/ how/ spend/ people/ did/ their/?
e take/ abroad/ people/ did/ holidays/?
fJ Q Taketurnsto askandanswerthe questions In 6. Usephrases

fromthe C21skillssectionon page88 In youranswers.
OJQ,.In groupsof four.Discusscitiesyouknow.Talkaboutwhat

theyare IlkanowandwhattheywareUke15yearsago.
Usethe topicsbelow.
• buildings • popular culture
• family and home life • the world of work
• leisuretime • transport
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 6 «.:::~===

Answerthe questions individuaUy. Thenshareyouranswersrngroups.
Areyou usuallythe talkeror the listenerin a conversation?
Whattopicsdo you liketo talkabout?
c Arethereanytopicsyou don't liketo talkabout?
d Whatmakesstartinga conversationin Englishdifficult?
fJ) Readan extractfroman articleona website.

1-6 (1= mastimportant,6 = leastimpattant).
Rankthe guideUnas
6 0 e o. S..Uch..
QUICK TIPS torbettar CONVERSATION SKILLS
D Don't do all the talking. A conversation can get

boring quickly when one person does all the talking
and the other person is silent. Give the other person
a chance to speak.
questions. Questions keep the conversation
D Ask
going, but don't ask too many questions or it can
sound like an interrogation.
D Be friendly and smile. Being friendly makes the

other person feel relaxed and often they say more.
D Maka your conversations Interesting. Keep up to

date with events and people in the news. Find out
about the latest TV shows, books and apps. This is
all useful Information for starting conversations.
Change topics. Do this when there is a pause in the
D conversation or when you have nothing more to say
on a topic.
Make aye contact when the other person is
D talking. This shows you are listening and interested.

Q'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////0
(D ~ 6.1LeeandJimstarta conversationafterdinnerat Lee'shouse.Completetheirconversation

withphrasesa-f. Thenlistenandcheck.
a Anyway,what about you? d Anyway,what do you do,Jim?
b Wegot on reallywell - just likebefore. e Really?
c So how did you meet again? f Wereyou on the samecourse?
(D Lookat the conversation

againandunderline
the following.
a two phrasesthat showinterestor surprise
b two follow-upquestions
c two answerswith extradetail
Lee Howdo you know Sara?

Jim Wemet at university.
Lee Oh.yeah?_______ _
Jim No,actuallywe met through sport._________ 2
Howdid you meet Sara?

Lee I knewher at primaryschool.
Jim _________ 3
Lee Yeah,we were bestfriends,but then herfamilymovedand

we lost contact.
Jim
Lee Wemet at a party in the summer.__________ 5
Jim That'samazingafterall thoseyears.

Lee Yes,it is.__________ •
Jim Oh, I'ma designer.I workfor a companyin Abu Dhabi.
Ql In pairs.Whatotherfollow-upquestionscouldLaaandJimaskeachother?
Lookfor duesin the conversation
for topicsfor questions.
Developing•conversation
Trythesestrategiesto starta conversationandkeepit moving.
• Askquestionsto startthe conversation.
Example Howdo you knowTina?
• Usephrasesliketheseto showinterestandto encouragethe other personto saymore.
ExamplesOh,yeah?Really?
• Askfollow-upquestionsto movethe conversationon.
Example Wereyou on the samecourse?
• Useanywayto changetopic.
Example Anywil'/,what aboutyou?Howdid youmeetTina?
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Q In pairs.Plana follow-upquestionfor eachsituation.

Thenpractisethe dialogues.
a I wentto Moroccofora week. Great!_______________ _
b I wasin the collegeDramaSociety. Oh.yeah?_____________ _
c My brotherplayedprofessional
football. Oh,really?______________ _
d I sawa reallygood playat the weekend. Youdid?______________ _
e Beforewe camehere,we livedin HongKong. HongKong!______________ _
(fJ Whenwechangeconversationtopics,weoftenasktheotherpersonthesamequestionthatthe
otherpersonusedto starttheconversation,
but In a differentway.Matcheachquestion
withIts
alternativequestion.
Questionfor stanlnga conversation Altematlvequestionfor changing
topic
a Howwasyour holiday? Doyou think they playedwell?
b WhatwasJakartalike? Didyou go awaythis year?
c Whatdid you think of the matchlastnight? Didyou find it difficult?
d Whatdid you do at the weekend? Whatdid you think of the city?
e Howdid the examgo? Didyou do anythingspecial?
Q Q In pairs.Practisestartingconversations
andchanging
topics.
Usethe ideasbelow.
• your dayat college
• your lastholiday
• a playyou watched
• a sportseventyou attended

Century • Unit 6 W////////////////9///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Who reallyconqueredEverest?
@@®) Slideshow
D In pairs.Youare goingto watch a slideshowcalled WhoreoU, conqueredEverest?

Lookat the photosfrom the slideshow.What do they show?Shareyour Ideaswith anotherpair.
B In groups.Thinkof 15 wordsyouwiUhearin the slideshow.

Writethemin a wordmap.
Thenshareyourideaswiththe class.
e Makenotes.Howmanyof the wordsfromyourwordmapdidyouhear?

Watchthe sUdeshaw.
(D Discuss
in pairs.
Whatdid you think of the story?Do you think we will everknow who conqueredEverestfirst?
Isit importantto know?Why?Whatwasthe turning point in this story?
Q Thinkaboutyourbiggestachievement
andmakenotes.
Did you work hard?Did you haveany problems?How did you overcomethem?
Wastherea turning point?Howdid you feel in the end?Makenotes.
(ClYouaregoingto writea shortnewspaperarticle

(300-400 words)aboutyourachievement.
Writinga newspaper article
Step 1 Research onlineand find someshort newspaper • Choosean interestingheadline.
articles.Whatfeaturesdo they have? • Writean introductionabout what the
Step 2 Lookat your notesfrom 5 and createa mind story is about.
mapfrom them. • Discussthe story in the main part.
Givedetailsand examples.
Step 3 Planyourarticle,and then draft it.
• Writea conclusionwhereyou summarize
Step 4 Shareyour draft with anotherstudent. the story.
Step 5 Completeyour article.
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iYOURSELF
TIMETO THINK
Sometimeswe need to think before we answer a question.We needto use polite

waysof 'buying' thinking time. We also use phrasesto show that we are not sure
of the answer.
D Putthe phrasesfrom theboxinto thecorrect category.
Wel~let'ssee.
I'm not sure,but ...
I believe...
Just a moment.
Possibly...
Letme think.
To my knowledge...
Couldyou saythat again?
I think ...
Doyou mean...?
Perhaps...
Mmm.That'sa goodquestion.
'Timeto think' phrases 'Not sure'phrases
fJ) In pairs.Thinkof threedifficultquestionsto askyourpartner.

ExamplesWhatteacherat school influencedyou the most?In what ways?
Whatwasyour best memory when you were a child?
Do you think the pastwas better than the present?In what ways?
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B EORA CONVERSATION
We normally have a reason to talk to someone. It can be embarrassing if

you meet someone and run out of things to say. Having ideas about how to
start, continue and change the topic of a conversation helps to ensure your
conversations are more successful.
D Think of three peopleyou will talk to next week.Whattopics and

questions will help your conversations?
Parson/Group
I Topfc
I Questions
Mr 5'nrlh,cur rl€LOspcn-s hs cAu·rtry,sj)(rts Wrllre~ Al.lstra.lid

t~ tr()n Austra.ha. a.reyOJ.from?
WhiCh sj)(rts cioyru.IM?
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D fromthe boxin the conactorderfrom100% to 0%.

Putthe quantifiers
a few a lot of everyone most

nearlyall no one not many some
fl) Completethe namesof the Ufaevents.

a h_v __ b_by
b g_t m_rr __ d
c I __ v __ n_ v _rs_ty
d r_t_r_ fr_m w_rk
e g_t _ dr_v_ng l_c_nc_
0 Completethe textwiththe past formof theverbsrnbrackets.
Paul-------• (leave)schoolin 2007.He-------" (spend)the summer

working asa van driver,and then he _______ c (go)to universityto study Accountancy.He
_______ d (have)a placementwith a recordcompany,which he _______ • (enjoy).
He_______ , (graduate)in 2010,and _______ , (start)work for a musiccompany.
After two years,he h (decide)to set up hisown accountancycompany.Healso
_______ •(meet)Katieand in 2014they _______ J (get)married.Now he teaches
Accountancyin a collegein Sydney.
a Usethe Information
oppositeto answerthe questions
aboutRichardRogers.
a Wherewashe born?
b Whatdid he studyin London?
c Whendid he graduatefrom YaleUniversity?
d Who did he marryin 1973?
e Whatdid he designbetween1989and 1995?
f Howmanyprizesdid he win?
===90==-~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Units5 & 6 Progresstest ~W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A

/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W//////////////////////////4 UnltsS &6
Dates Events
1933 Bornin Florence,Italy
1954-9 StudiesArchitectureat ArchitecturalAssociation,London
1962 Graduatesfrom YaleUniversity,USA
1971-7 Workswith RenzoPianoto designPompidouCentre,Paris
1973 MarriesRuthElias,hissecondmarriage.Theyhavetwo children.
1977 FormsRichardRogersPartnership
1989-95 Designsthe EuropeanCourtof HumanRights,Strasbourg,France
2000-7 WinsJapanArt Association's PraemiumlmperialePrize,StirlingPrizefor hisworkon Madridairport,and
PritzkerArchitecturePrize
El Writea shortparagraphaboutRichardRogers.Usethe pastsimpleandtimemarkers.
B Completetheexchanges.
a A you enjoythe concert?
B Yes,I enjoyedit very much.
b A it veryexpensive?
B No,it wasonly $20.
C A you haveanythingto eat?
B Yes,we hada pizza.
d A you get home late?
B A little late.Wegot home by 12.00.
e A you tired this morning?
B Yes.I got up quite late!
a Completetheconversation
tips.
a Don't do all
b Makeyour conversations
C Befriendlyand
d Makeeyecontactwhen the other person
e Changetopics
f Ask
~/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Units5 & 6 Progresstest «,.;:;~====

CreatMty
• Organizinginformation
Ufe skills
• Improvingperformance
Criticalthinking
• Makingethicaldecisions
92
Performance
..
e~ We talk about performancein areassuch as sport, education,businessand arts.
Can you think of some examplesof great performancestn these areas?

• Raadlng:Readingfor specific information • Performanceand • Modals: can,must
• Reading:Readingfor detail and to answer questions results needw,should
• Reading:Readingto write a summary
• Writing:Writing about personalachievements
• Listening:
Listeningto label a diagram
• Listening:
Listeningto make notes
• Speaking:Stating and justifying opinions
93
hievers
Whatareyoucurrentlydofngfntheseareas?Whatareyourafms?
• study • personallife • futurecareer
Example I am studyingfor a mathsexam.I want to get an A grade.
fJlReadaboutthreeyoungachieversandanswerthequestions.
a Whatis Alexagood at?--------------
b WhatisAlexanot good at?____________ _
c How often does Kyletrain?_____________ _
d Did Kylewin his5,000-metrerace?____________ _
a IsAli good at playingthe piano?_____________ _
f Whatplacedid Ali come in the nationalpianocontest?_____________ _
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(D Matchthewordswiththeappositemeanings.
a win below average Perfonnanceand results
b be good at fail Weusea varietyof phrasesto talk about
performanceand results:
C strong point weak point
• takean exam;pass/failan exam
d get better come last • be good at/bad at something
e pass lose • win/lose a race
• get good/poor grades
f best getworse • comefirst, second,third, etc.,in a competition
9 above average be bad at or race
h come first worst Weuset1r1in for physicalactivitiesand practisefor
thingslikelearninglanguages.
ExamplesA professional
a Completethesentences wrththe correctwords
or phrasesfromthe box.
footballertrainseveryday.
HepractisesFrenchat home.
aboveaverage failed first getting better passed strong took won
a _______ a scienceexamyesterday.I think I _______ It's my best subject
b Hassan'sguitar playing is_______ He'splaying in a local band now.
c The team _______ their first game on Saturday.They lost all their previousgames.
d Sophia______ her history test lastweek. Sheonly got 20%.
a My_______ point is shooting. I scoredthree goals lastgame.
f Kylecame _______ in the 5,000metres.Histime was 20.05.No one ran faster.
g Gina'smathsgradesare _______ for her age.Shealwaysgets an A.
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B Q Write aboutyour recentachievementsfn coUage,sport or music.

ExampleI camefirst in my Englishtestlastweek.
Q ~ 7.1Johnis Kyle'scoach.Listento himexplainKyle's

trainingprogrammeandcompletethe diagramwith
notesa-g in the rightorder.
a I recordthe results.
b I givehim suggestions on how to improve.
c I set targetsfor the next performance.
d Kyledoes a training session.
e I givehim feedback.
f I monitorhisperformance.
g Kylerunsthe nextrace.
_,--...,...9
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... .
..... .
. .. .. ,.
Sportsheroes
(e)@ Modals:can must, need to, should 1
0 Canyounamethesesportspeople?
Usethe information
belowto helpyou.
1 Tashiand NungshiMalikarefrom India.Theyaretwins and climbed Mount Everesttogether in 2013.

2 NovakDjokovicwon the WimbledonTennisChampionshipin 2011,2014and 2015,andagainin 2018
and2019.
3 KoheiUchimuraisa Japanesegymnastand a seven-timeOlympicmedallist.
4 UsainBoltisthe fastestmanin the world. In 2009,he ran 100metresin 9.58seconds.
5 LauraDekkersailedsoloaroundthe world when shewas 16.
fJ) In pairs.Whichactivityor sportin1 arethesecommentsabout?

a It'sa very dangerousplaceso it's importantto plan everythingcarefully.Foryour
own safety,you must climb with a guide.
b Youshouldpractisea rangeof shots- forehand,backhand,and soon. All players
makemistakes,but you must not showanyemotion becauseit givesthe other
playeran advantage.Youmust acceptmistakesasa part of the game.
c Thisis a very difficult sport.Youneedto practisethe samefew movesfor hours
eachday,for example,swingingon the high bar.Youalsoneedto build your
musclestrengthin your stomach,armsand legs.
d Youmustconcentrate10096 for about ten seconds.Youshouldn'tlook to your
left or right until the end of the race.Thestart isthe most importantphase.
e The reallytough thing about this sport is beingalonefor a long time. It is also
dangerous.Stormsand high wavescan damageyour boat andyour life is at risk
everyday.Somepeoplesayyoung peopleshouldn'tdo this sport.
E) Namesomeothersportspeople
In yourcountry.Whatis specialaboutthem?
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(D UnderUne examplesof can, must, need to andshould

in the commentsin 2.
Modal1:can, must,nnd to, should
B Rewritethesetipsfor athletes.ReplacethaunderUnad Weuseconto saysomethingIsposslbleor
to describeability.
withpu + tha verbIn brackets.
partsof the sentences ExamplesYoucan go to the gym
a Whenyou'retrainingfor a competition,it's a good ideato to improveyourfitness.
(It'spossibleto do this.)
get plenty of sleep.{should} Goodathletescan learnfrom
their mistakes.(They havethe
abilityto do thisJ
b Whenyou practiseregularly,it is possibleto makea lot of Weusemustand needto to saysomething
progress.(can) is necessaryor reallyimportant.
ExamplesYoumusttrain hardto Improve
yourfitness.
c Tobe goodat sport,it'snecessary
to trainhard.(must) Athletesneedto do
regularpractice.
We useshouldto saysomethingis a
good idea.
d It'snotpossible
to succeedasanathletewithout cleargoals
Example Youshouldplanyour
anda trainingplan.(can) trainingcarefully.
With can,mustandshould,we put not
betweenthe modaland the verb to make
e Beforean importantmatch,it'sa good ideato relax.(should) a negative.
Example Youcan't(cannot)climb the
mountainwithout a guide.
f It is necessary
to followthe rulesof a sport.(needto)
Q Whatqualitiesdoyouneedto besuccessful
in the sports
lnthebox?
gymnastics mountain climbing

running sailing tennis
ExampleTo be a successfulmountainclimber,
you must be very brave.
(fJ ~ 7.2 Listento Johntalkaboutperformanceandmake

notesonthesefM! areas:
a settingtargets
b teamwork
C sleepingand eating
d mistakes
e being mentallystrong
Q Q In groups.Howcanthe pointsrn 7 helpyouin your

studiesor work?Presentyourgroup'sideasto theclass.
Century• Unit 7 c,///////.1W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Ethicaldecisions
p1eXtth,\¥i!i,t.t
jfi:f
·,
D Howdo peoplecheatin sportandeducation?
Example In a football game,playersusetheir handsto controlthe ball.
fJ) In pairs.Whydo peoplecheatinexams?Rankthereasonsinarderfrommostcommon(5)

to leastcommon(1).Addyourownreasons.
a Everybodydoesit D d Thereis a low riskof beingcaught
D
b There'sa lot of pressureto succeed.
D e Theywant to get good marks. D
c Peoplearelazy.
D
D Read abouta cheatingscandalthataffectedsomeAustralian
universities
from2012 to 2014
andanswerthe questions.
a Who wasthe websiteaimedat?
b How did the websitework?
c Whydid the websiteclosedown?
In 2014. a young journalist discovered a cheating scandal

in Australia. MyMaster. a website in Sydney. offered an
assignment-writing service for students. The website sold
essays and assignments to intemational students for up
to A$1.000 each. students ordered assignments on the
website. paid for them and then submitted them as their
own work. When the story became publlc. the website
closed down. Some universities began investigations.
a~ 7.3 Listento a conversationabout the scandaland answerthe interviewer'squestions.

a Did a lot of internationalstudentsbuy assignmentsfrom the MyMasterwebsite?
b Sowhat action did the universitytaketo punishthe cheats?
c Are othercompaniessellingessaysandassignments?
d Sowhat action areuniversitiestakingto stop this type of cheating?
El In pairs.Discussotherwaysof cheatingat schoolorcoUege.

Example Getting help from anotherstudenton an individualassignment.
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(01RaadthearticleaboutBenJohnson,thefamousOlympicsprinter,andanswerthequestions.
a How did he cheat?
b How did the sporting authorities punish him?
Sporting or
hero
In 1988,BenJohnson,the Canadianrunner,won the 100 metresat the SeoulOlympicsand set a
newworld recordof 9.79 seconds.ForJohnson,it wasthe greatestmomentof his career.But after
the raceJohnsonfaileda drugstest.Thenthe OlympicCommitteetook awayhis gold medaland
world record.He couldnot competefor two years. BenJohnson,the Canadianhero,becameBen
Johnsonthe drug cheat.
The Canadiangovernmentset up an inquiry intothe useof drugsin sport.At the inquiry,Johnson

admitted takingdrugs.Hiscoach,CharlieFrancis,saidthat manyathletestook drugs,including
someof the eight100-metrefinalistsat Seoul.Johnsonwasthe unluckyone who got caught
Whenthe banfinishedin 1991,Johnsonstartedracingagain,but he was not successfulAt the

BarcelonaOlympicsin 1992,he did not evenreachthe 100-metrefinal.He failedanotherdrugs
test in 1993.It was a sad momentfor BenJohnsonand a saddayfor the sport.Hiscareeras a
superstarathletewas over . Duringthe nextfew years,he movedfrom job to job and workedas a
personaltrainerin Libyafor ColonelGaddafi'sson.Today,he still believesthe decisionwas unfair.
(fJ Readthearticlecarefullyandcompletethesentences.UsetheInformationto writea summary

of the maineventsIn the scandal
a In 1988,BenJohnsonwon Olympic gold for the 100metres,but he __________ _
b Asa result,the Olympic Committee __________ and he _________ _
c He returned to athletics in 1991,but two yearslater __________ _
d Asa result,his __________ _
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Q Whichhighlighted
wordsin thetext havethesemeanings?
a agreedit wastrue
b finished
c startedan investigation
d not equalfor everyone
e a personwho usesdrugs
0) Makanatasonthesequestions.
a Whateffect do you think the drugsscandalhadon:
• BenJohnson'slife? • his reputation? • athleticsin general?
b In youropinion,was he treatedfairly?
rm,}Q, In groups.Is It acceptableto useperformance-enhancing

drugsin thefollowingsituations?
Givereasonsfor youranswersandshareyourideaswiththeclass.
a A gymnastwantsto build muscleso he can get into his nationalteam.
b A cyclistwantsto get strongerso shecan cycleroundthe world to raisemoneyfor poor people.
c A swimmerwantsto havemoreenergyso he can breakthe world recordfor the 100-metrefreestyle.
d A mathematicsstudentwantsto be able to reviseall night sothat he can do well in hisexamsand be the

best studentin the year.
m Q Readthe situationandanswerthe questions.

a Youarewalkingdown the street.Youseesome
moneyin front of you.Whatdo you do?
• Leaveit andjust keepwalking.
• Pickit up and keepit.
• Pickit up andtry to find the owner.
• Pickit up and takeit to the nearestpolicestation.
b Isthe amountof moneyimportant?Forexample,do
you pick up a $100bill but leavea $5bill?
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m In pairs.Dothe •Howethicalareyou?'quiz.
HOWETHICAL ARE YOU?

Arethe■e actionsethical? It depends
a Not payinga fareon publictransport.

• 0
b Drivingfasterthan the speedlimit.
• 0
C Throwinglitter in the streetor from your
carwindow. • 0
d Buyinga laptopyou think maybe stolen.
• 0
e Makingup informationon a CVto help
you get a job. • 0
f Usingofficesuppliesfor your personaluse.
• • 0
g Parkingin a 'no parking'space. 0
h Givingmoneyto a homelessperson. 0
m Wrltean explanation
for youranswersin 12.
UsebecauseIn yourexplanation.
ExampleI think it's OKnot to pay busfares
becausethey arevery expensive.
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t•1mt1~ir◄i~t@i:ii•);J:MU•):•
The way that information rs set out needs to be clear and relevant for the listener or reader.
D Lookat thestagesof gettingupin the moming.

Put them Inthe correct order for you.
0 wake up at 6.30 0 brush my teeth

0 have breakfast 0 get dressed
0 havea shower 0 put my shoeson
0 leavehome
Write a short text about your morning using the

stages above. Add words to show the order and
l1nkthe stages.
Example First,I wake up at about 7.00.Then I havea shower.
fJ) Choose one of the topics (a, b or c) and write a short text. Put the ideas in the correct order.
Use words to link the stages and explain the order.
a My typical day
b How I prepare for an exam
c What I did last week
P.ERF.O~MANCE
To be a 'champion' language learner you need to train and Improve your performance.
D look at
r
the two photos.
Ate you likethe person
in photo A or B? Give
some examples.
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fJ) In pairs.Askandanswerthequestionsbelowto helpImproveyourstudying.

Improvemy studyenvironment
a WherecanI studyquietly?A library,a roomat home,a care?
b Ismy studyplacecomfortable? Thinkaboutyourchair,the lighting,how muchspaceyou have.
c Canyou concentrate?Doyouwork betterwith music?Doyou turn off yourphonewhenyou
arestudying?
d Whenisa good time to study?Howlongdo you studyfor?Doyou haveregularbreaks? Whenis the
besttimeof dayto concentrate?
e Doyou eatwhenyou study?Doyou studybetterwith a coffeeor otherdrink?Howabout snacks?
Improvemy memory
Everyonelearnsnew wordsin differentways.Somepeoplelikereading,otherslikepictures.Somepeople
liketo listento or watchpeoplespeaking.Somepeoplemakeneatnotesand havefiling systems.
Howdoyouteamnewwordsbest?
a alphabetically d with an explanationin your language
b in topic groups,for example,sports,directions, e with an examplesentence
places,times,numbers f with a picture
c with a translation 9 usingaudio
Howmanynew wordscanyou learnin a day?Howoften do you review?
Thisweek,try somenewwaysof learningwords.Reviewmoreoftenand keepa recordof how manynew
wordsyou learn.
(IJ)Nextweek,shareyourresultswitha classmate.DoesyourleamfngImprove?
DECISION~
What makes a 'good' ethical decision depends on many things, including

the context,yourculture, and the personalvaluesyou have.
D Wheredoyouplacethesituationsa-f onthescale?
10096-------------------096
Completelyacceptable Completelyunacceptable
a Youreada good student'sassignmentfrom lastyearto 'get ideas'but not for the actualwords.
b A book you want to useisn'tin the library,but there is a cheapphotocopyof it for salefrom
anotherstudent.Shouldyou buy it?
c Youfound a reallygood siteon the internet.Shouldyou copy and pastethe content into an
assignmentand pretend it's yours?
d Yourteacheraccidentallyleft a copy of next week'sexampaperon the desk.Shouldyou readit
to find out what to revise?
e Youruniversityhastwo classeswith the sameexamon two separatedays.Shouldyou ask
studentswho took the first examwhat the questionsare about?
f Yourbestfriend missesa class.He needsto sign in or he will fail the year.Shouldyou sign his
name in the register?
fJ) DiscussyourIdeaswitha classmate.Whatdoyouagreeor disagreeabout?

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Progress
I
1 1
2 2
3 3

yourEnglish?
1
2
3
4
• Done • Not done • Morepractice • Updatelearningplan
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••
Life skills
• The cultureof time
Collaboration
• Assigningtasks
Scan th1 QRcode•

dldcheretopnetlMby
wcaliulary fnlffl this unit.
106
Plans& tasks
~ <, Do you plan your life in detail or do you prefer to do things spontaneously?
.. In whichsituations Is ft Important to plan?Givesomeexamples.
Language
• Speaking:Talkingaboutschedules,deadlines • Deadlinesand schedules • be90in9 to
and targets
• Speaking:Assigningrolesandtasks
• Reading: Readingto understandand completelists
• Listening:Listeningto completesentences
• Writing:Writinga personalprofile
107
_'tl
"
Timingand plans
@@ Deadlinesand schedules
D Readthesituationsandunderlinethecorrectwordsto completethe phrasesto describethetiming.

a Steve'sbiology lecturestartedat 10.00.Stevearrivedat 9.59.
StevewaslateI on timeI early.
b Paul'starget isto run ten kilometresin one hour.Histime yesterdaywasone hour and 30 seconds.
Stevehit I missed
his target.
c Thedeadlinefor the classprojectwas 1st March.Theteamactuallycompletedthe projecton 24th February.
Theteam wasonI behindI aheadof schedule.
d Annahadto write five assignmentslastmonth.Shetook two weeksfor eachassignment.
ShemetI missedthe deadline.
e Tim hasthree monthsto designsixbuildings.Hestarteda month ago.Hedesignedtwo buildingsin
the first month.
He isonI behindschedule.
fJ ~ 8.1Listento fourconversationsabouttime
andunderlinethecorrectwordsto complete
the sentences.
a Carlis lateI earlyI on timefor the ITtraining.
b Kylehit I missedhistargettime.
c Theteamis onI behindI aheadofschedule.
d Dimitriwill meetI missthe assignmentdeadline.
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e Q In pairs.Makea chart
withyouractivitiesand
projectsfor this year.
Then teUyour partner
aboutyour schedules,
deadlines andtargets.
@ @ @ Future plans and intentions

0 Readaboutthreepeoplepreparingfor an importantavant.
Completethe 'to-dd lists for eacheventwiththeseactivities.
a get a work visa
b book a hotel MOVIWC1111111
c buy somefurniture GregandAgnesare movinghousenextweek.
• sign contract
1101.1.AY • buy carpets
Gina Is preparing to go on holiday. •
• buy a travel guide
• packsuitcase
•
1.1VI 1•
AWOTIII• COIWT•Y
Marciais movingfrom Italyto China.
• learnsomephrases
in Chinese
• find a placeto live
•
B ~ 8.2 Listenandcheckyouranswersto 1.
e Writea sentencewithbe goingto abouteachpersonin 1.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit8 «.:::~=0=
8//////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
a Completethe questronsandanswerswiththe
correctformof be goingto. begolngto
Weusebegoingto to talk about future plans
a A Where/ they/ go on honeymoon? and intentions.
B They/ Venice.
ExampleA Areyou going to buy a new car?
b A Whichcar/ he/ buy? B Yes,I'm going to buy an electriccar.
B He/ Toyota.
c A When/ she/ start school?
B She/ 1st September.
d A What/ you/ do/ this weekend?
B I/ shopping/ Saturday.
e A What/ they/ callthe baby?
B They/ Edward.
f A Who/ we/ see/ tomorrow?
B We/ my old friendsfrom school.
(ElJim,SaraandCallumhavethefollowingthingsIntheirsuitcases.Wheredoyouthinkthey
are goingto go?Whataretheygoingto do?WriteyourIdeas.
- -
Jim Sara Callum
novel swimsuit suit
camera sportsshoes laptop
Arabicphrasebook suncream notesfor presentation
DJQ In pairs.Taketurnsto askabouteachother'splansforthefollowing.

• tomorrow
• next weekend
• your next holiday
fJ Q Writea paragraphaboutyourplansfor thecomingweek.
===11=0::..~
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 8 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Groupassignments
(e)@ @ @ Requestsand offers
0 Readthe commentsaboutgroupassignments. Whfchcommentsdoyouagreewith?

a I think they arevery annoyingbecausesomepeopledon't do the work.
b They'refun, but everythingtakesa long time. I work harderand learnmoreon individualassignments.
c They look good on yourCVand you learnrealteamworkskills.
fJ) ~ 8.3 Listento threeconversations

amonggroupmembersgettingreadyfor a meeting.
Completetheconversations
usingthe wordsfromthe box.
can't Could could could Shall Shall Would
a A Jun,_______ you organizesomecoffeefor the break?

B Sure. I get somebiscuits,too?
A Good idea.
b A Hi,Karl.Weneedsomechairsfor the meeting.
8 OK. I get somefrom next door?
A Yes,please.Mike, you help Karl?
C Actually,I I'm helpingWarrenwith
the photocopying.
A OK.
c A _______ you likeme to makesomehandouts?
B Thanks,Kim.Thatwould be great._______ you make
about 20 copies?
A No problem.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 8 «.:::~=1===
@//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
0 thecorrectwordto complete
In pairs.Underline
the requestsandoffers.
Talking about tasks for the team
a A CouldI I you get somemineralwaterfor everyone? Weaskpeopleto do tasks.
B No problem. Examples A Couldyou book a meetingroom7
8 Sure.No problem.
b A WouldI Couldyou likeme to start now? A Couldyou do the presentation?
B Actually,Raoulisn't here.Let'sstart in five minutes. 8 Actually,I can'tusePowerPoint.
c A We needcopiesof the researchproject. Weofferor volunteerto do tasks.
8 OK.ShallI/ you makesomephotocopies? Examples A Wouldyoulikemeto open
A Yes,please. the meeting?
8 Thankyou.Thatwould be great.
d A Dan,couldI shallyou leadthe A team? A ShallI write a report?
B Sure. 8 Yes,please.
A And Greg,could you leadthe Bteam?
C Actually,I canI can't.I'm in the C team.
A Oh,yes.Sorry.
1 II) 8.4 Listento two people discussingtuks

for a seminar.Do you hear wouldor couldin
the requests?
a you makesome
sandwichesfor the lunchbreak?
b you likeme to do
a presentation?
C you find
anotherspeaker?
d you llkeme to book
the meetingroom?
2 Practisesayingthe requestsIn 1. Pay
attention to the soundof couldand would.
(D)In pairs.Practisetheexchangesin 3.
===112=--»
Century• Unit 8 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
Q Q Youare goingto completean assignmentrn teams.

Havea short meetingto assignroles and tasks
to completetha assignment.Go to page174for
more instructions.
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 EngUsh
for the 21st Century• Unit 8 «.:::~=3===
Superfamilies
@@@Slideshow
D In pairs.Youaregoing to watcha slideshowcalled Superfamllles.Lookat the photosfrom
the slideshow.What dothey show?Shareyour ideaswith anotherpair.
fJ) In graups.Thinkaf 15wordsyouwillhearinthaslideshow.Writethemina wordmap.

Thenshareyourideaswiththeclass.
0 Makenotes.Howmanyof the wordsfromyourwordmapdidyouhear?

WatchthesUdeshow.
lDDiscussin pairs.
Whichfamily'sstorydid you find most interesting?Whichof the five reasons- genetics,education,
environment,skillsharingandteamwork- do you think is the most important?Whatother reasons
for successcanyou think of?
(El)Thinkaboutyourselfandmakenotes.
• Do you haveany specialskills? Thingsto IncludeInyourprofile
• Areyou in a teamor a group? • when you started
• Whendid you start? • skills
• Whatawardsdo you have? • achievements/awards/personal
bests
• Whatdo you want to achieve? • goals
• Will it be easyor difficult?
• Whatcanyou do to improve?
(0JYouaragoingto writea profileaboutyourself.

Step 1 Researchonline andfind someprofiles. Usefulphrases
Whatfeaturesdo they have? • I startedplaying ... in ...
Step 2 Lookat your notesfrom 5. Decidewhat • ljoined ... in ...
informationto includein your profile. • In ..., I/we won ...
Step 3 Shareyour draft with anotherstudent. • Mygoal is ...
Step 4 Completeyour profile.
===11=4:::,»
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 8 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
@
OlJrruOU
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
It's importantto understandthat peoplein

differentculturesgivea differentImportance
to time.
D Whatis aarly/ontime/latein thesesituations?
Example It'sOKto arrivelatefor a party.
Maybe30 minutesafter it starts.
a meetingfriendsfor a drink in a cafe
b arrivingat a companyfor a job interview
c going to a party at someone'shouse
d arrivingat a wedding ceremony
a doing an end-of-yearexamination
f going to classes
g handingin an assignment
0 yourideasfrom 1 withotherstudents.WhyIs It Importantto

Discuss
do somathlngsontime?Whatcanhappenwhenyouare late?
Example Somepeopleget angrywhen people arelate becausethey are
busyand it wastestime.
In groupprojects,rt's importantto identifywhatthe tasksare,whoIs going

to do them,and the schedule.
D ReadMartin'stextaboutasslgnlngtasks.Howwouldyoufeel rtMartrnassrgned
a taskto yournthrsway?
Right,so our task is to writean articleaboutkeepingfit at university.I'll be the coordinator.

Is that OK?Good.Keith,you'regoodat interviewingpeople,you can do that.Annie,could
you help Keithwritethe questions?Wealsoneedsomephotos.Kasim,you'vegot a great
camera- canyou takethe photos?Wealso needpeopleto write up the research.Murat
and Jazmin,couldyou do that?
fJ Whatelseneedsto beagreedat the maatlng?

e Whatwouldyoudothe same/Ina differentwayto Martin?
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////-4 EngUsh
for the 21• Century• Unit 8 «.:::fl:5==
Units7&8 ~///////////////////////////A ~~ W//////////////////////////////////////////////
0 Matchthe verbswiththe phrases.
a take first
b come playing piano
C win an exam
d get a race
e be a good score
f practise good at something
fJ CompleteAmir'sdescriptionof histrainingprogramme.
feedback improve monitors
records session targets
My trainer watches me do a training-------•• She-------" my

performance.Then she gives me c. Shealso gives me suggestionsabout
how to _______ d_Shesets • for the next perfonnance and
she _______ , the results.
BJCompletethe adviceaboutlearningto drivewith can,mustor should.

a You _________ have a licenceto drive a car.
b In the UK.you _________ take a driving test when you are 17yearsold.
c You drive carefully in wet weather.
d You passyour test without an instructor, but you probably
_________ take some professionaldriving lessons.
e You _________ keep to the speed limit.
f You stop driving when you feel tired.
a Readthe text and answertha questionsan thefollowingpage.
LanceArmstrong is an American.He was a professionalcyclistand won the Tourde France

seventimes between 1999and 2005.But in 2012,a blood test showed that he took drugs to
improve his performance.He lost histitles and he cannot take part in any professionalcycling
competitions.He also lost a lot of money becausecompaniesdid not want to use his name in
adverts.Peoplesayhe damagedthe sport of cycling,but he saysthat other cyclistsalsotook
drugs and that he was unlucky.
===11:6:.:,,~ English for the 21st Century • Units 7 & 8 Progress test W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A
/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W//////////////////////////4 Units7& 8
a Whois LanceArmstrong?
b Whatdid he do wrong?
c Whatwasthe result?
d Howdoeshe feelaboutthesituationnow?
0) Completethequestionswith begoingto.
a What/ do tomorrow?
We'regoingto watchNovakDjokovicplaytennis.
b Where/go on holiday?
I'mgoingto go to Greece.
c Who/ givethe presentation?
I think Mikeis.
d When/ comeback?
Theyaregoingto comebackon Saturday.
0) Putthe requestsand offersIn the correctorder.
a the break/make/you/ could/ for/ some/ coffee/?
b prepare/I/ presentation/PowerPoint
/shall/ a/?
c you / would/me/ like/ some/ to/ copies/ make/?
d chairs/get/ John/ help/ could/ you /some/?
e the door/ start/ shalI / close/ I /we/ before/ ?
~/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n. En9lishfor the 21111Century• Units 7 & 8 Progress test «,..::.'.11

Creatlvfty
• Organizational charts
®.:f~:;!iil??t~
Studyskills
• Study habits ~i;;+f!?!li!~½!:il
Ufe skills
• Budgets
~::::::··~t·i;i'.t;::!l
:SC.theQllcode•
dlcll he,. to p,9ctlN by
...,.,.._ryftmnthleunlt.
118 English for the 2111 Century •

::;, Unit 9
•
The worldof work
~~ Howdo peopletravelto workwhereyou live?Whatdo youthinkof peoplewho

.. spendtwo or more hours perdaytravellingto and from their workplace?
skills
Language Vocabulary Grammar
• Reading:Readingto completea text and • Companystructure • Presentsimpleand
answerquestions • Moneyand budgets presentcontinuous
• Reading:Readingto understandtablesand charts
• Speaking:Talkingaboutcurrentprojects
• Speaking:Discussingbudgetplans
• Listening:
Listeningto identifyproblems
Englishfor the 21"'Century• Unit 9 119

~====
Insidea company
@@ Companystructure
D RaadthecompanyprofileandcompleteIt usingthe numbersfromthe box.

163 1910 1,300 £28,000 £66,000 £34 million three
Morgan is a Britishcar manufacturer.The companywasfounded in _______ • by HenryMorgan

and until recentlywasstill a family-owned business.It producesover b carsa yearand has
an annual revenueof around _______ c. Its headquartersare In Malvern,Englandand the company
employs_______ d people in the factory and office. Morgan produces_______ • ranges
of car.Their most expensivemodel,the Aero,is priced at around _______ , and the 4/4 sports car
sellsfor _______ •. It sellscarsall around the world.
fJ) In pairs.Checkyouranswersfor 1 usingthesequestions.

a Whenwasthe companyfounded?
b How manycarsdoesMorganproduce?
c What is its annualrevenue?
d How manypeople does it employ?
e How manyrangesof car does Morganproduce?
f How mucharethe Aeroand 4/4 models?
===1=20=--~
Century• Unit 9 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
Q'/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
(0) Completethedescriptions fromthechart.

wrththe companydepartments
a _______ makessurethe product is made Orga■izatio■al c•art

on time and is the right quality.
b _______ developsnew productsand ( Production l HumanResources
improvesold products.
C _______ dealswith advertisingand

sellingthe product to customers.
d _______ keepsa recordof all the money

Customer
Service
that comesin and goesout of the company.
a _______ communicateswith the
company'scustomers.Theyoften dealwith problems SalesandMarketing Research
andDevelopment
or complaints.
f _______ looksafterthe staff.They

employandtrain peopleand dealwith health
andsafety.
~n SKILLS
CREATIVITY:
g ------- is a team of lawyers.Theyhelp Organizationalcharts
the companywith anythingconnectedwith the law. Seepage128-+
h _______ managesthe technology

in the company.
(D ~ 9.1Listento eight people telephone a company.Whichdepartment are they put through to?
a d g
b e h
C f
(Ll)Matchthetwo partsof the phrases.Whichdepartmentsdo theyrelateto?

a make a discount
b offer a requestform
C repair the connection
d maintain legalaction
a fill in a complaint
f improve the design
g take a payment
h make the machinery
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 9 «.:::~=1===

@w////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////U///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
Q withthephrasesfrom 5.
In pairs.Completethe conversations
Usethe pasttenseof theverbIf necessary.
a A Goodmorning.HowcanI help?
B I'dliketo ______ aboutthe tablet I bought
hereyesterday.
Thepowerbutton doesn'twork..
b A I'dliketo requesta dayoff nextweek.

B Sure.Just_______ online.
c A I'mtryingto sendan email,but nothingishappening.

B I'mreallysorry.There'sa problemwith the server.Weare
tryingto _______ now.
d A I'dliketo buy450copiesof yournew dictionary.

8 OK.Wecan______ of 1096forS00copies.
e A Yourinvoiceshowsthatyou owe $350.

B That'sstrange.I'msureI _______ lastweek.
f A Theresultsshowthat a competitorhasusedsome
of our designs.
B I know.Wearegoingto _______ It'sagainst
the law.
9 A Doesthe productionlineeverstop?
a Yes,the productionlinestopsoncea weeksothat
wecan
h A Thenew modelof our sportscarlooksreallygood.

B Yes,they havereally
It looksmuchmoremodern.
(fJ ~ 9.2 Listenandcheckyouranswersto 6.
II) 9.3 Listenand underlinethe unstressedvowels

in these sentences.
a I'd liketo requesta dayoff next week.
b There'sa problemwith the server.
c Yourinvoiceshowsthat you owe $350.
d Doesthe productionline everstop?
Q Q Thinkaboutyourqualitiesandskills.Whichdepartmentin 3 (page121)wouldbebestfor you?

Giveyourreasons.
===1=22=--»
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 9 W////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
D Raadthearticleabouta 'tamp'.Arathesentencestrueorfalse?
a Workingasa tempis the sameasworkingpart-time. d Mariaisa student.
b Somepeopleprefertempworkbecausethey e Peoplearealwaysfriendlyto temps.
get experience
of differenttypesof work. f Mariathinksbeingon timefor work
c Mariaisworkingfor Redleaf. is important
Job profiles: Maria the 'temp'

Marla Is a 'temp'. The word 'temp' comesfrom 'temporary', which means'for a shon time'. So Marla
doesn't work at the same company all the time. Instead, a 'temp agency' finds her different jobs with
variouscompanies.A job could be for a week, two weeks or even a few months, unlike a part-time
job, which does not have a limit.
So Mar.la, why d.opeople :bec:ometemps? Do you. enjoy l>elns,a temp?

Therearea lot of reasons.
Tempscantry differentJobs Yes,becauseI canchoosewhen I work.That'sreally
beforethey decidewhatthey want to do asa career. usefulbecauseI'm studyingat universityat the
Theyget experienceIn differentwork environments moment.And I alsolikemeetingnew people.But
andthey learnnew skills.Forexample,at the moment it's not all good.Thepeopleat Redleafarereally
I'm learningto designwebsites. niceto me,but sometimespeopleareunfriendly.
Theyknow I'm not a permanentmemberof staff
Where are J'O'Dca.r.rentlyworldsg?
sothey don't talkto me.
At the moment,I'mworkingat a web designcompany
calledRedleaf.I'menjoyingit becauseit'sa new Do you. have aay advice for a new temp?
companywith a lot of young people.I'm replacinga Checkthe company'swebsitebeforeyou start,
womancalledGretafor four months.Sheisn'tworking smile,anddon't be late.And I alwaysmaketea and
this summerbecauseshe'shavinga baby. coffeefor everyoneon myfirst day.
(fJ Readthearticleagainandunderlineexamplesof thepresentsimpleandpresentcontinuous.

WritethemIn the tableUkethis.
Regularactionsand permanentsituations Temporaryactionsand situations
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 9 «.:::~===

8//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
Presentsimple and present continuous

We usethe presentsimpleto describepermanentsituations,habitsand routines.
ExamplesSheworksin an office. Whatdo you do?
Hedoesn'tdriveto work everyday.
We usethe presentcontinuousto talk aboutactionsand situationsthat aretemporary.Weoften usetemporarytime
phrasessuchascurrently,thisweekand today.
ExamplesI'mworkingon a big projectthis month. Whereareyou currentlyworking?
I'm not workingmuchat the moment.
0 Completetha sentences aboutpeople'sjobswith

tha correctformof tha verbsin brackets.
a Thismonth, _______ 0 / work) at a hospital

in the centreof the city. (I/ work)
in a different hospitalor doctor'ssurgeryeach month.
b Sometimes_______ (myclass/ make)a lot

of mistakes.Thisweek, 0 / correct)
them more than usualbecausethey havean examsoon.
C _______ (I/ design)dressesfor a big fashion

event next month. Foreachdress,______ _
(I/ draw)a picture and _______ (we/ discuss)it asa team.
d _______ (I / write) articlesfor variousnewspapersand magazines.But there isn't much work

at the moment so _______ (I/ not earn)much money.
e _______ (I/ enjoy)myjob becauseit's neverboring. _______ (I/ currentlywork)

on a very interestingmurdercase.
f Of course,______ (I/ travel)a lot with myjob. Thisweek, ______ (I I drive)
from Germanyto Greece.
g _______ (I/ usuallygo) home earlyon Fridays,but the current housing project endsthis week
so _______ (I/ work) till late everyevening.
h At the moment, _______ (we/ build) some housesin the countryside,but ______ _
(we/ usuallywork) in town.
===12=~:::,»
Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 9 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
CJ)WhichJobsdothesentencesIn3 describe?Choosefromthebox.
constructionworker designer engineer journalist
lawyer nurse teacher truck driver
(L}Q In pairs.Findoutaboutyourpartner'scurrantprojectsandaims.Usetheexampleandwords
belowto helpyou.
ExampleA Whatareyoustudyingat the moment?
B I'mreadingaboutsomenewscientificresearch.
I'mtryingto find out moreabout research
in Asia.
How about you?
Studying Working
• revise • applyfor
• write • do (part-timejob)
• research • work(for)
• practise

Yourmoney
@@@@ Moneyand budgets
0 In groups.Askandanswerthe questions
aboutmoney.
a Isit OKto askpeoplequestionsabouttheirsalary,savingsandspendingin yourculture?

b Howdo companiespaypeoplein yourcountry?
ExamplesTheyput moneyin theirbankeverymonth.
Theygivethem cashat the endof the week.
c Howdo you organizeyourmoney?Forexample,do you havea budget?
fJ) Lookat DavidJohnson'spaysUp.Matchthe wordsInthepayslipwiththedefinitions.

a paymentemployeesreceivefor moneythey spendon business
trips
b moneyemployeespayto the stateto helpill,retiredor unemployedpeople
c a regularpayment,usuallyeverymonth,an employeereceivesin exchangefor theirwork
d moneya companypaysemployeesfor good performance
e a percentageof an employee'ssalarypaidto the government
f moneypaidfor time anemployeeworksin additionto theirnormalworkinghours
IsDavid'spayslipsimilaror differentto thosein yourcountry?Discussin pairs.
I Employeename David Johnson

I Date 21/6/2019
I NationalInsurancenumber KL46 B764 F
Salary 1500.00
Overtime 230.00
Bonus 600.00 Tax 332.56
Expenses 114.56 NationalInsurance 112.72
Grosspay 2,444.56 Deductions 445.28
I Net pay 11,999.28
===1=26=--»
Century • Unit 9 W////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M
~W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
(D)Add the words from 2 to the dfagramsbelow.What do you receive?What do you pay?
socialsecurity
rent bills
0 Look at David'sbudget plan and

Monthlybudgetplan
answerthe questions.
a What does he spend the most Budgetcategory David'smonthly Yourmonthly Income
moneyon? income£1,999.28
b What does he spend the least
moneyon?
Rent E650
c Is David careful with his money? Bills(gas,electricity,
etc.) E75
Give reasonsfor your answer.
Mobilephone E25
E) ~ 9.4 Listen to Davidtalking to Travel £35

his friend, Camilla. What is the Foodand drink E180
problem? Doyou havesimilar
Entertainment E120
conversationswith your friends
and family? Clothes EBO
£35
(CJ)Complete the sentencesfrom 5. -Books
a I'm ______ up to buy a car.
b How much do you _____ ?
c How much do you ______ on rent?

I>9.5 Listento the completed
sentences from 6 and Identify
d _____ £600 a month on rent. the words that link together.
(fJ Q Complete the budget plan In 4.

~n SKILLS
Q Q In pairs. Discussyour budget plans. In what way are LIFESKILLS:

they similar and different? WhoIs good with money? Budgets
Who Is bad with money? See page 130-+

M@O~
@
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ORGANIZATIONALCHARTS
Organizational charts show information about the structure of an organization like

a university or a company.
D Whatarethe advantagesof usingan organizationalchart?
MartinGreenhill
CEO
MikeDutton RobinAllwrlght CatherineLedger I SueEmlot
L=.:J
Operations Sales& Marketing HumanResources
Manager Manager Manager
JoannaWright JaimeRodriguez BethJohnstone BobPrice EmilyPark

Production
l Product
Development
1
Customer
Relations
Accounts Recruitment
fJ) Findthe followinginformationinthe chartabove.

a Whatis the FinanceManager'sname?
b How manypeoplereportto MikeDutton?
c Who is BethJohnstone'smanager?
d Who is the companyboss?
e How manypeoplearein the HumanResources
department?
(D Thinkof an organization
youknowanddrawa chartto showhowItIs organized.
Useyourimagination ifyou don'tknowanyrealorganizations.
===1=28=--»
Century • Unit 9 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
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SKILLS:STUDYHABITS
It rs a good ldea to revrewyour study habits regularly.

The aim rsto make your studyhablts as effectiveas posslble.
0 ReadthearticleonImproving
studyhabitsandanswerthe questions.
a How much new informationdo we usuallyremember?
b How can we becomebetter learners?
c Whatdoesthe author sayabout the time of dayyou study?
d Whatadvicedoesthe author give about the placeyou study?
e Whatdoesthe author suggestabout keepingnotesand reviewingthem?
f What is the main advantageand disadvantageoflast-minute revision?
Studyhabits
Studiesshowthat afterwe hearor seesomething
for the first time,we usuallyrememberonly a
small part of the informationafter a few hours.
So,how canwe remembermore?A lot depends
on our own motivationand interests.Somethings
are moreimportantto us,like familyeventsor
work deadlines.Theirimportancehelpsus to
• Keepinggoodnotesand reviewingthem
focusand rememberthem. Butwecan also help
regularlyhelpsmanypeopleto remember
ourselvesto focusand to be betterlearnersby
a little moreeachtime. Manypeoplefind
developinggood studyhabits.
that goingovernotesthe nextday,then
• Findinga regulartime to study,free from a weeklaterandthen severalmonthslater
distractions(suchas text messages), is a good is very helpful
start.Don'ttry to watchTV whilereadingyour
• Usingthe languageyouare studying,eitherin
studynotes!
speakingor writing,is also beneficial.
• Tryto choosea time whenyou are not too tired,
• For most people,establishinggood study
hungryor worriedaboutotherthings.
habitsdoesn'thappennaturally.It needsto
• Finda goodplaceto study - the right be developedovertime. Last-minuterevision
temperature,comfortablefurniture,good beforean examcan helpyou remembera
lightingandspaceto arrangeyour notes few things,but we normallyforget them again
also helps. after one or two hours.
0 Whichof the IdeasIn thearticledoyoufindhelpful?
(D Whatotherideascanyouthinkof?
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 9 «.:::~=9===

M@O~
@
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Managingbudgets is not easy.There are things you always need to pay for, such as your
accommodation,food and clothes. But It's harder to allow for things you don't plan for:
an unexpectedrepair bill, a trip to see family or friends, or something you need or want.
D Put theseItemsin the daily,weekly,monthly,annualor irregularcategories.Thinkof other

Itemsand add them to the correct category.
books clothes electricity

food rent travel
Dally
Weekly
Monthly
Annual
Irregular
fJ) Thinkof ffve waysyou cansave money.

ExamplesDrinkmorewaterfrom the tap.Stop
buying bottled waterandfizzydrinks.
Wearmoreclothesin the housewhen
it's cold.Don't put the heatingon.
Openthe windowsand usea fan in
hot weather.
===130=::..~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 9 W////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

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@
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Progress
D Makea Ustof thraa thingsyou learntin this unitand three things to practise.
I
1 1
2 2
3 3
fJ Compareyourlistwitha classmate.
yourEnglish?
1
2
3
4
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.4 English for the 21st Century• Unit 9 «.:::~====

Study skills
• Wordrelationships
CreatMty
• Doingresearch
===13=2::.-» Englishfor the 21.11

Century• Unit 10
Profits& incomes
~~ What are the richest companies in your country? Which types of job are the best
.. paid? Are there any Jobs which should be paid more or less? Give your reasons.
Language
• Speaking& Listening: Incomesand salaries • Incomeand salaries • Wh-questions:Review
• Speaking& Listening: Preparingand makinga presentation • Companyhistory
• Reading:Readingfor gist
• Reading:Readingfor specificinformation
• Reading:Readingto completea map
• Speaking:Askingandansweringaboutcompanydetails
• Writing:Writinga companyprofile
• Writing:Writinga short story
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 10 «-:::1=3=3

\ ~~(
J~
"
7 ~
How much are you worth?

•@@@@ Income and salaries
0 In pairs.Askandanswerthe questions
about Job Averagesalary(£)
income.Explainyouranswers.
Policeofficer 30,000
a How much do you want to earn in the future?
b How much money does a personneed to live a Lawyer
where you live?
c Do you know how much your friendsand family b Busdriver
earn?Do you want to know?
c Banker
fJ In pairs.Lookat theaveragesalaryfor a police d Nurse
officerin the UKandguessthe averagesalaries
for thefive otherjabs. e Hedgefund manager
(0 ~ 10.1Listenandcomparethe salarieswithyourguesses.
a Q In pairs.Discussthesepoints.
a Doyou think the salariesin 2 and 3 arefair? b What kindsofjobs deservea high salary?Giveyour reasons.
B Readpartof an articleaboutsalariesandcompareit withyourideas.

3 Effect
Youoftenhearpeoplesay, A salarycan depend on the number of people a
•Nursesdeservemoremoney.' job affects.Forexample,a successfulsoftware
designeraffectspossiblymillions of people
or·aankersgettoomuchmoney.' through their applications.On the other hand,
manyjobs only affect a smallnumber of people.
Butwhatis a fairsalary?
4 Wealthcreation
Lerslookat fivekeypoints. How muchmoneya personmakesfor a company
Is Important.Forexample,a hedgefund manager
can makemllllonsof dollarsIn a week.
1 Qualifications
andtraining 5 Danger
A qualified architectgets more than a Somejobs arewell paid becausethey are
supermarketcashierbecausean architecttakes dangerous.Forexample,stuntmen makea lot
around sevenyearsto becomequalified. of money becausethey haveto put their lives in
2 Skillandspecialization danger everyday.
Somecomputerprogrammers'salariesarehigh Unfortunately,the people who makeother
becausethey haveone skillthat makesthem very people'slivesbetter,for example,nursesor
specialized.Not manypeoplecan do that job. teachers,do not alwaysearn a high salary.
===134=:::,» Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 10 W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

~W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
@@World incomeand poverty

Incomearoundthe world
0 Raadtha statisticsaboutincomearoundthe world In Africa,about 36%of people earn less
than $1 per day.At the sametime, there
andanswerthe questions below.
are 145,000millionaires.
a Whichof the statisticsdo you think are: Jeff Bezosis the richestman in the world
• surprising/notsurprising? and is worth $196billion.
• shocking/notshocking? WarrenBuffett, the seventhrichestman in
Givereasonsfor your answers. the world, earned about $1.Smillion per
b Whateffectsdo low incomeshaveon people? hour in 2012.
Example A very low incomemeansthat you cannot The minimum wagefor a worker over 21
goto school. in the UKis £8.20(about $10)per hour. For
someonein training it is £4.1Sper hour.
c Cananythingbe done about poverty?Thinkof
five thingsthat peoplecan do or aredoing to help More than three billion people,almost half
stop poverty. of the world's population, live on lessthan
$2.S0aday.
(0 Q Findoutthe followingaboutyourcountry, About £17,000is the minimum income
or a countryyouare interestedin,andprepare people need to live in the UK.Thiscovers
a presentationfor the class. basicaccommodation,food, heating
and transport
a averageincomeper year
Nearlya billion people In the 21st century are
b highestand lowestincomes unableto reada book or sign their name.
c hourlywage
An Incomeof approximately$32,000a
d minimum incomeneededto live year puts you In the top 1%of earnersIn
the world.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////9/////////////////~ Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit 10 «.:::~===

In pairs.Followthe instructions below.
a In pairs.Do the quiz about the oil business.
b Compareyour quiz answerswith other students.
If you are unsureabout an answer,checkon the internet.
How much do you know about the oil lndustry?

~ Whichcountrywu the top-producingoil countryIn 2020?
a SaudiArabia 0
b USA 0
c Russia 0
d China 0
Other______ _
Nameother important oil-producingcountriesyou know.
~
WhichcompanyIsn't In the top ten list of oil companies?
a ExxonMobil 0
b Statoil 0
c Aramco 0
d PetroChina 0
Nameother successfuloil companiesyou know.
===13=6:::,» Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 10 W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////#///////////////////8
fJ) ReadthefactsabouttheSaudiAramco
andfindtheplacesonthe
organization
map.Makenotesnextto eachplace.
a The Shaybahoil field in the Rubal-Khali
Desertcontains14 billion barrelsof oil.
b SaudiAramco'sheadquartersarein Dhahran,
SaudiArabia,but they haveoperationsaround
the world.Theyhaveofficesin London,the
Netherlandsand the USA.
c They haveResearch
and Developmentcentres
in Paris,Houston,Boston,Detroit,Beijing,
Dhahranandlhuwal.
SaudiArabia
d TheJeddahoil refineryrefines9,500m3 of
oil per day.
e SaudiAramco'sbiggestfield,Ghawar,
producesfive million barrelsper day.
f The Safaniyaoil field in the ArabianGulf is
the world'slargestoffshoreoil field.
0 In pairs.Readaboutthe historyof SaudiAramcoon page138.Thencompletethe questions

usingthe
wordsfromthe box.
buy change drilling employ founded produce produce worth
a WhenwasSaudiAramco_______ ?
b Whendid the companystart_______ for oil?
c How manybarrelsof oil did the Dhahranwell ______ _

a day?
d Whendid the company_______ its name?
e How muchof the companydid the SaudiArabiangovernment

_______ in 1973?
f How muchwasthe company_______ in 2005?
g How manypeopledoesSaudiAramco_______ now?
h How muchoil doesthe company_______ a day?
0 In pairs.Askandanswerthe questions
from 3.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#/////////////////~ Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit 10 «.:::~====

~//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
_C_o_m_p_a_ny_hi_st_o_ry
______ •
1933 Thecompanywasfounded.The company's
originalnamewasSoCal.
1934 SoCalstarteddrillingfor oil in SaudiArabia.
Theydidn'tfind anyoil
1938 In Dhahran,the companyfinallystruckoil
Thewell producedmorethan 1,500 barrels
perday.
1944 Thecompanychangedits nameto the
ArabianAmericanOil Company(Aramco).
1950s Thecompanydiscoveredthe largestoil fieldsin the world.
1973 TheSaudiArabiangovernmentbought25% of Aramco.
1974 Thegovernmentowned60% of Aramco.
1980 Thegovernmentowned100%and wasin full control
2005 SaudiAramcowasworth $781billionand becamethe world'slargestcompany.
Now SaudiAramcoemploysmorethan 60,000 peoplefrom 77 differentcountries.
SaudiAramcoproduces9.5 million barrelsof crudeoil a day,that's3.5 billiona year.
B Q Whatkindsof challenges
willcompanies
likeSaudiAramcofacain the 21"century?
Howcantheyadapt?
===t=38=--»
English for the 21st Century • Unit 10 W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
@@@@ Company history
D In pairs.StudentA lookat tha information

andfoUowthe instructions
below.
StudentB goto page175.
Readthe informationabout your company,BMWMINI.
Prepareto answerquestionsabout the company
from your partner.
British
fJ) Completethequestionsbelow.Thenaskyour Petroleum
partnerabouttheircompany,BritishPetroleum.
(BP)
a arethe BPheadquarters?
Headquarters
b was the companyfounded?
Founded
C manypeople does the
companyemploy? Employees
d doesthe companyproduce? Products

Revenue
e much moneydoesthe company
makea year?
History
f happenedin 1954? 1954
9 happenedin 2010? 2010
e Q Researcha companybasedin yourcountry.Writea shortprofileof the company.Include

aboutthecompany's
information history,theirorganization
andactivities.Usethe SaudiAramco,
BMWMINIandBritishPetroleumexamplesto helpyou.
~//////////////////////p,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/h///////////////////////////////////////////////,,,,,,.,,.,,,7//,, Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit10 «.:::~===
nm-
A bad day at the office
0 at the office.Lookat the photosfrom

In pairs.Youare goingto watcha slideshowcalledA baddo11
the slideshow.Whatdo they show?Share yourideaswithanotherpair.
fJlIn graups.Thinkof 15wordsyouwillhearintheslfdashow.Writethemina wordmap.

Thanshareyourideaswiththe class.
e Makenotes.Howmanyof the wordsfromyourwordmapdidyouhear?

WatchthesUdeshow.
a Discuss
In pairs.
Whichcommon mistakesfrom the slideshowdo you sometimesmake?Do you gossip?Areyou evercareless?
Whosemistakewasthe worst,Wayne's,Arup'sor NASA's?
Did their mistakessurpriseyou?Givereasons.
(El Thinkaboutyourselfandmakenotes.
• Haveyou madea mistakeat work, • Whatwasthe outcome?
schoolor university? • Didyou solvethe problem?
• Whathappened? • lfso, how? Tipsfor your writing
• Howdid you feel? • Choosean Interestingtltle.
• Writea short paragraphto
Introducethe story.
Youare goingto writea shortstoryabouta baddayat work, • Tellthe story.Whathappened?
schoolor university. Givelots of detail.
Step1 Lookat your notesfrom 5 and createa mind map from them. • Makeit personal.Howwere
you feeling?Why?
Step2 Planyour article,and then draft it.
• Writea conclusionto
Step3 Shareyour draft with anotherstudent. summarizethe story.
Step4 Completeyour article.
===1=40=--~
Century • Unit 10 W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
~@
OlJrruOU
/////////.r.rm ~///////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////////////////////////////.
Learnfng words one by one Is not always the best way to study. When we study words
together and look at the relationship between words, we memorize them and get a
deeperunderstanding
of the meanings.
D Whatis therelationshipbetweenthesewords
andphrases?
a open an account paya bill
b price cost
c income outgoings
d the edge of a river a placeto keepmoney
e rich havinga lot of money
f poor pour
fJ Howdoyourecordnewwordsandphrasesin
yourvocabularynotebook?
Howdoyoustudy
andpractisethem?
When you research onlrne, you need to know where the Information comes from, and
find out how up to date the rnformatlon is, and rf It comes from a reliable source.
D Readthe online research tips to help you get the information you need quickly.
Findthreemoresearchtipsandsharethemwithyour classmates.
• Usequote marksto find an exact phrase.
Example •world'slargestoil and gascompanies..
• Usea colon when you want to know about a
personin a particularcategory,not everyone
with that name.
Example author:John Barnes
• Usea - to searchfor a word and relatedwords.
Example ~scubadiving
• Use+ to researchmore than one idea.
Example Mexico+ Tourism
~////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////~ Englishfor the 21111Century• Unit 10 «-:::1=4=1==

~•ffit@i:lt•~///////////////////////////A ~~ W//////////////////////////////////////////////
0 Completethe sentences
withthecorrectverbor noun.
a We_______ a discountfor ordersover1,000.

b I madea about a problem I havewith my smartphone.
c Couldyou in this requestform, please?
d TheResearch
andDevelopment
departmentimprovedthe _______ of the old engine.
e Thecompanyusually_______ legalaction over non-payment.
f I makea _______ for my creditcardeverymonth.
g Theyrepairedthe internet------- andit is muchfasternow.

h TheProductiondepartment_______ the machineryverycarefully.
fJ) Readthecompanydescriptionandcompletethechart.
TheChiefExecutiveOfficer (CEO)of GrovelandsGarageis MikeTaylor.Threepeoplereportto him:
CassieKnight,DerekReeveandGeorginaNewson.
Cassieis the FinanceManagerand shehasan assistant,PaulWalsh.
Derekis the ServicesManager.Hedealswith customersand managestwo mechanics:Ian Porter
andJeff Barnes.
Georginais the Salesand MarketingManager.Thereis no onein her teamat the moment.
a
b
I
C e 9
d f h
I
--------
i k l
j ~ ~
.
===142=;:;,,~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Units9 & 10 Progresstest W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A

/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W//////////////////////////4).llmtfl 5t•~
IJ) Completethe sentences
wrththe presentsimpleor presentcontrnuous
formof the verbsIn brackets.
a I worked in the London officesthis week, but usuallyI _______ (work) in Manchester.
b Karen_______ (talk)to a customer at the moment.
c I usuallygo to the library to study,but today 1_______ (study)at home.
d Graham_______ (study)FrenchHistoryat University.At the moment, he ______ _

(read)about the FrenchRevolution.
e I'm a temp. I _______ (work)for a design company.
f Oli (take)the busto college eachday.
0 Matchthe wordswiththe descriptions.
r bonus deductions expenses net pay overtime J

a I get £5,000a month after tax.______ _
b I work 35 hoursa week. Lastweek, I worked 40 hours.______ _
c I went on a businesstrip and spent £120on a mealwith a customer.______ _
d The company did very well this yearso employeesgot an extra £150.______ _
e I pay £300tax and £110NationalInsurance.______ _
B Completethequestionswiththecorrectbudgetitem.
a A How much do you spend on ?
B I spend about £20 on gasand £30 on electricity.
b A Do you spend much on 1
8 Yes,about £50on petrol and £90 on train fares.
C A How much do you spend on ?

B Verylittle. I only buy socks.My mum buys my shirts.
d A Do you spend much on 1
B Quite a lot. I go to the cinema or a concert about once a week.
e A How about _______ ?

B I own my apartment so that's not a problem.
~W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A Englishfor the 21st Century• Units 9 & 10 Progresstest «-::'.143====

Criticalthinking
• Risksand benefits @-/\\)\:@
:· .... ·:. :: .
Ufe skills
• Findingthe rightbalance i!~~!;::I~OOlt'.;e;~~:
Criticalthinking @j\;}(:>];
il'ii :;:r:
• Rolemodels Sainth1Qllcodl•
c:lldthere1Dpn,dlMIcily
_..,,.._ thl&llnlt.
Problem-solving
~ C, What problemdoesthe photo show?Whodoesit affect?

.. Whatsolutionsare possible?

• Listening:Listeningto completea diagram • Problem-solving • tooand {not)enough
• Reading& Speaking:Assessingproblemsand suggesting/ with adjectives
discussingsolutions • tooand {not)enough
• Reading:Readingfor main ideas with nouns
• Reading:Readingfor generalideaand specificinformation • Pastsimplewith
• Speaking:Speculatingaboutproblems questionwords
• Reading& Speeking:Detailsfrom individualprofiles
• Writing:Writinga profile
145
In pafrs.Whatproblemscanpeoplehavefn differentareasof theirUva?
AddyourIdeasto eacharea.Thancompareyourideas.
Study Lifestyle Work

~ g-o.tJ£.s not~~ toobusy
fJ ~ 11.1SeanNolanIsa college
graduate.Lfstanto Seantalkingto
hisfriendDavidabouthissftuatfon.
Thereare sevenstagas.
a What is Sean'sproblem?
b Whattwo detailsdoes he discuss?
c What are hisaims?
d What are hisoptions?
e What doesSeando?
f What does his bosssay?
g How successfulis the solution?
===1=46=--» Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

Q'/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
9 Completetheproblem-solving
diagramwith Idmhfy the prd,lon
phrasesfromthebox.UseSean'sstoryIn 2
to helpyou.
Evaluatethe solution
Explorethe problem
leeAtify tRe filFOblem
Look at options
Seleet aR eptioR
Set aims
Takeaction
(CJJ
ReadMallk'ssituationanddiscussthe possible
options.Discussthe risksand benefitsof
eachoption.
~n SKILLS
CRITICALTHINKING:
Risksandbenefits
Seepage155➔
Options
Malikworkspart-timeIn a cafe.
His hoursare:
Mondayto Wednesday:5-9 p.m.
Thursdayto Saturday:6-11 p.m.
Todayis Wednesdayand it is Malik'sfriend
Ali'sgraduationcelebrationon Friday.
Everyoneis gatheringat Ali's houseat
9 p.m.Then they aregoing out for dinner.
A table is bookedfor 10 p.m.The restaurant
closesat midnight. Risks Benefits
Options
a He callshisbossand sayshe can't cometo work
becausehe'sill.
b He goesto the restaurantafterwork.
c He asksa colleagueto swaphis Fridayshift.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~=7=

.//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
0 ~ 11.2Ustento a conversation
betweenMalikandhis friend.WhichsolutiondidMaUkchoose?
WasIt successful?
(CJ)
In pairs.ReadLina'ssituation.
a What is her problem?
b Decideon three options to solve the problem.
Discussthe risksand benefits of each option.
c Decideon the best option.
Lina.ls writing an essay for her university

course. Todayls Friday and the deadllne
for the essay is Monday.Lina started her
essay last week,but nowher computer
1sbroken.
Requiredlength of essay: 3,000 words
Lengthof Lina's essay today: 1,234 words
Price of new computer:$1,100
Numberof students in Lina's class: 60
fJ Q Insmallgroups.Taketurnsto describea problemyouhaveInyourownlife.Foreachproblem,

followthesestepsto solvert.
Step 1 Askquestionsto find out more about the problem.
Step 2 Discuss
options.
Step 3 Decideon the best option.
Q Q TeUtheclassaboutoneproblemyourgroupdiscussed
andexplainhowyou solvedit.
===1=48=--»
Century • Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
I
•' •
a Theseshoesaretoo small. It'snot long enough.

b She'stoo youngto drive. They'renot big enough.
c Thatcaristoo expensivefor me. She'snot old enough.
d The ladderistoo short. He'snot strongenough.
e Thisdoor is too narrow. It'snot cheapenough.
f The box is too heavy. It'snot wide enough.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////9//////////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~=9=

8//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
fJlCompletethesentenceswithtoo,enoughor not enoughandan adjectivefromthe box.

busy clean cold deep difficult far loud rich
a Theseexamquestionsare______ _
I can'tansweranyof them.
too and (not)enough
b Shecan buy an expensivecar.She's______ _ with adjectives
We useroo+ an adjectiveto say
c I'm sorry,but I can'tspeaknow. I'm ______ _ somethingIsmorethan sufficient.
ExamplesThatcar Istoo expensive.
d Pleasewashthis again.It's______ _ Theseshoesaretoo small.
We usean adjective+ enoughto say
e Canyou hearthe radioOK?Isit _______ 7
somethingis sufficient.
ExamplesThissuitcaseis light
f Let'sdriveto the restaurant.It's_______ to walk.
enoughto carry.
The water iswarm
g Canyou put this backin the fridge,please?It's______ _
enoughfor a swim.
h Don'tjump in the pool. It's______ _ We usenot+ an adjective+ enough
to saysomethingIs not sufficient.
ExamplesShe'snot old enough
D Q Whatproblems
education?
doyouthinktherearain healthand
Maketwo listsof ideaswitha partner.
to drive.
My bedroomis not
big enoughfor all
ExampleThereare too many people in hospitals. my clothes.
a Readthearticleandcompareit withyourUstsin 3.
Doyou thinktherearesimilarproblemsIn yourcountry?
Shortages Weoften hear In the news that there are big problemswithhealth and education.
So weaskeda nurseanda teacherto tell us aboutthe challengesthey face.
Nurse - Joan Montgomery

I love beinga nurse,but thereare problems.I think peopleare lesshealthythanthey
werein the past I don't knowwhy.Do peopleeat too muchjunk food thesedays?
Are theyeatingenoughfresh fruit and vegetables?Are they doingenoughexercise?
But the biggestproblemis that we havetoo muchwork to do becausethereare not
enoughnurses.Thisis becausethereis not enoughmoneyto paygood salaries.We
haveenoughdoctorsbecausetheyare paidwell.
Teacher- NabilHussein
The main problemInthe classroomIs that thereare too manychildrenIn eachclass.
I have50 studentsin my mathsclassand it's reallydifficult to teachthem all.And I
think the childrenhavetoo much homework.Theyare only ten yearsold so why are
they doingtwo hours'homeworkeverynight?Maybethat'swhy someof the children
are tired in class.Or maybethey watchtoo muchtelevisionat home.I think a lot of the
problemsare from outsideschool Forexample,some parentsdo not spendenough
time with their children.
===1=50=--~ Englishfor the 21st Century • Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
0 ~ 11.3Completethe sentences.Where do the

conversationstake place?Usten and check.
too and (not)enoughwith nouns
a A There towelsin our room. Weusetoomanywith a countablenoun.
Youonly gaveusone. Example Therearetoo manycarsin
this city.Thetrafficjams
B I'm sorry.I'll bring you anotherone. areterrible.
b A There milk in my tea. Weusetoo muchwith an uncountablenoun.
Example Thereis too muchsugarin my
CanI haveanothercup, please? tea.It'sreallysweet!
B Certainly.How much milkwould you like? Weusenotenoughwith a noun,and
not+ verb+enough+ noun.
C A There people here. ExamplesTherearen'tenoughJobs.A lot
I can't seeanyof the paintings. of peopledon't havework.
a Yes,there shouldbe a limit on the numberof people. I don't haveenoughtime to
finishmy assignment.
d A I'mtrying to read,but those peopleare making
noise.
a Maybeyou shouldsaysomething.
e A You give me _______ change.Youonly gaveme two pounds.
B I'm sorry.Here'sthe other pound.
f A Therewere childrenin there.
B I know.I couldn'thearthe film.
Q Q Is rt possibleto havetoomuch/mang
ornot enough
of thaItemsbelow?Talkaboutpossibleproblems
witheachitem. Thanaddfourmorethingsto thelist
ExampleToo muchcoffeecausesheadaches.
bills coffeeemails experience hours

information people rules
time water work
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////9//////////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~=~=

In groups. Look at Iha thrae areasbelow. What
challanges does the world face In these areas?
Makathree lists.
Education I Environment I Economfcs
not ~ too moJ"'j not Ola~
books au-5 fa
Nobel PeacePrizeWinner 2014:
Malala Yousafzal
fJ) Readthe description of the Nobel PeacePrize. (1997-)
Doyou know any winners of tha prize? MalalaYousafzaiwasalwaysinterestedin politics.
Shegaveher first speechin 2008 whenshewas
The Nobel Peace Prize is awardedeveryyear. 11yearsold. Shewasangry becausegirls weren't
h rs a prize for peoplewhohelp to bring peaceto the allowedto go to schoolin her part of Pakistan.
world.Thrs can be In anyareaof life, for example, Instead,her fathertaught her.
education,the anvrronmentor economics. In 2009, Malalastarteda blogfor the BBCaboutlife
Thefirst prizewasawardedIn1901. in Pakistan.Shewrote aboutthe problemsgirtshave
in her part of the country.The BBCdidn't useMalala's
real namebecausetheythoughtit wasdangerous.But
somepeoplein PakistanknewMalalawas the writer.
(9) Lookat the photoof MalalaYousafzai.Whatdo In 2012,Malalawas on a bus whena gunmanwalked
youknowabouther?Readthe textandanswer on and asked'Whichone of you is Malala?'Then
the questions. he shot Malala.Shewas very badlyinjured,but she
a When did she give her first speech? didn't die.Peoplearoundthe worldwerevery sad and
angry.Therewerea lot of offers to help Malalafrom
b Why was she angry? hospitalsin differentcountries.
c Who did she write a blog for?
On 12th July2013,Malalagavea speechto the United
d Where was she when she was shot? Nations.Herspeechwasabouteducationandpeace.
e Howdid the worldreact/helpafterMalalawasshot? Shetold worldleaders'Our booksand our pensarethe
f What did shesayto worldleaders? most powerfulweapons'.ShebeUeves peaceis only
possiblewhengirlsget an educationas weltas boys.
On 121h July 2015, she openeda schoolfor Syrian
(D In pairs.Askandanswerthe questions
from3. refugeesin Lebanon.
===1=52=--»
Century • Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
Q'/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
e In pairs.Completethe questfons
wftha question
wordandfindanswersfn the textfn 3.
Pastsimplewith questionwords
a taughtMalala? Weusea Wh-questionword with did or was/
wereto askquestionsabout the past
b did shestarta blog? ExamplesWheredid you seethe play?
Whatwasthe playabout?
Whywasit popular?
C did the BBCnot useMalala's
Whattime did it start?
realnamein herblog? Toaskabout a degreeor an amount,we usea
Howquestion.
d old wasshewhenshespoke ExamplesHowmuch did it cost?
at the UnitedNations? Howmanypeoplewerethere?
How long wasthe play?
e did shespeakaboutat the
UnitedNations?
f did sheopena school?
m In pairs.StudentA readaboutWangarlMaathaf.
StudentB readaboutMuhammadYunus(page154).
NobelPeacePrizeWinner2004:
Wangari
Maathai
(1940--1011)
WangariMaathaiwasbornandgrewup in Kenya.Butwhen
shewas 20 shewona scholarship to studyin the USA.She
studiedfor a Master'sin Biologyandbecamevery interested
in theenvironmentShemovedbackto Kenyaandbecame
thefirstEastAfricanwomanto geta PhD.
Wangarlnoticedthatdamageto theenvironment wasa
hugeproblemIn Kenya.ShebeUeved therewasa connection
betweentheenvironment andunemployment. Shestarted
anorganization calledtheGreenBeltMovement (GBM).This
organizationpaidlocalwomena smallamountof money
to planttrees.SotheGBMhelpedtheenvironment andit
helpedpoorpeople.Between 1977and2015,theyplanted
over50 milliontreesin Kenya,andmanymorein other
Africancountries.ForWangari, thiswasa greatachiewment.
As shesaid,Whenweplanttrees,weplanttheseedsof
peaceandhope'.In 2004,shebecamethefirst African
womanto winthe NobelPeacePrize.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~===

.//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
NobelPeacePrizeWinner2006:
Muham.m.ad Yunus
(1940-)
MuhammadYunusstudiedEconomics at DhakaUniversityin Bangladesh
andbecamea lecturerin 1961.In1976,hevisitedsomepoorfamiliesin
a villageandhe noticedthatall the womenhada similarproblem.They
neededmoney,but the banksdidn'tlendthemanything.Thebanks
didn'tthinkthe womencouldpaythe moneyback.SoMuhammadlent
a totalof $27 to 42 womenandtheypaidhimthe moneybacklater.He
borrowedmoneyfromthe Bangladeshi governmentandstarteda bank
calledthe GrameenBank.Hisbankwasdifferentto otherbanksbecause
It lentsmallamountsof moneyto poorpeople.TheGrameenBank
becameverypopularand,In2011,It had4.8 millionusers.Ninety-seven
percentof thesewerewomen.Muhammad Yunuswonthe NobelPeace
Prizein 2006 becausethe NobelcommitteebeUeves thatweneedto
reducepovertyto find peace.
(fJ Putthewordsinthecorrectorderto malcaquestionsaboutyourpartner'sNobelPaacePrizewinner.

StudentA StudentB
a did/ study/ where/ he/? a she/ born/ where/ was/?
b become/ he/ a lecturerin Economics/did/ when/? b when she moved/ how old/ she/ to the USA/
c in/who/ 1976/ did/visit/ he/? was/?
d did/ what problem/ have/ the women/? c did/ study/ she/ what/?
e refuse/ why/ to give loansto the women/ banks/ d notice/ did/ in Kenya/ what problem/ she/?
did/? e called/ was/ what/ her organization/?
f he/ did/ to the women/ how much/ lend/ 7 f help/who/theGBM/did/?
g next/what/ do/ did/ he/? g the GBM/ between 1977and 2015/ plant/ did/
h was/ about the GrameenBank/ what/ different/? how manytrees/?
the bank/ did/ how many people/ lend money to h about planting trees/ she/ say/ did/ what/?
in 2011/? win/ she/ did/ the Nobel PeacePrize/ when/?
j the Nobel PeacePrize/ win/ he/ did/ why/? j she/when/die/did/?
(D Askthequestionsfrom7 to findInformationaboutyourpartner'sNobelPeacePrizewinner.
Askmoraquestions
untilyouunderstand
thawholestory.Whosestoryis morainteresting?
(0 Q Writea profileof anotherNobelPrizewinner.Followthesesteps.

Step 1 Do some internet researchand decide on the winner you want to write about.
Step2 Planyour profile. Include datesand keyinformation about their achievements.
Step 3 Readyour finished profile and makeany correctionsto the spelling and punctuation.
===1=54=--»
Century • Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
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OlJrruOU
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: RISKSAND BENEFITS
Before we choose among optlons, it's a good Ideato look at the risks and benefits
of each choice. We do this every day, for example,when we travel somewhere,start
a relationship or look for a newjob.
D Whichpartof thematrbcshouldyouaimfor generally?Whichpartof thematrbcshould

youavoid?Giveyourreasons.
High
risk
Low
risk
Small Big
benefit benefit
fJ) PutthesesituationsIntothematrix.
a staying out late the night before an exam
b putting money in a savings account
(0 Whatarethe risksandbenefitsof:
a working late to finish a piece of work?
b spending a long time revising for an exam
and not responding to phone calls?
c choosing to take the bus instead of walking
or cycling to college?
~////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.///////////////////// English for the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~===

M@O~ 1~
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#//////////////////////////////////////.
i;JMhi:fJ!J:t3•
The balancebetweenwhatyouwantto do andwhatyou'need'to do is difficult
to get right.Butit is importantto understandthat If youspendtime doingone
thing,the resultis that youdo not havetime for otherthings.
D Tickthestatementsineachsectionthatapplyto you.
A
I intendto study,but if there is a good film on TV I watchthe film andthen study late. 0
I often think I cando morethan I actuallydo. 0
I leavelots of thingsto the lastminute. 0
I often feel tired at work/collegebecauseI end up doing things lateat night. 0
B
I try and plan my activitiesat the start of eachday. 0
I am quite disciplined.If I haveto finishsomethingurgently,I don't put it off. 0
I am ableto say'no' to people. 0
If somethingtakesmy interestI checkif I can do it or not. 0
fJ) Scoreyourresultsfrom1.CounttheticksinA and8. Dothesum:A - B= yourscore.
If yourscoreIs low,youhavegoodwaysof findingthe rightbalance.If it is high,look
at the ideasin Bagain.Makaa planto includesomeof theseideaseachweak.
A role model provides an example of how we can

act and behave in a positive way.We can be role
models ourselves and we can choose role models
to follow.
D What do you knowabout the person in the photo,

MalalaYousafzai?
Dosomeresearchto findout
whysheIsa rolemodel.
fJ) Thinkof rolemodelsin thefollowingcategories.

list the qualitiesthatmakethemrolemodels.
Do rolemodelshaveto be perfect?
• global leaders • sportspeople
• writers • actors
• musicians • others
E) In whatwaycouldyoubea rolemodalto someone?

Whatareyourbestqualities?
===1=5=6:::,»
Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
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Progress
D Makea Ustof thraathingsyou learntin this unit andthreethings to practise.
I
1 1
2 2
3 3
fJ Compareyour list with a classmate.

yourEnglish?
1
2
3
4
~////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.///////////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 11 «.:::~===

Critical th1nk1ng
• Futurechallenges @:'.///:/\(!)
CreatMty
• Makinga difference
::'::}~!:oor::i:::.::!!
@J!i\!:::;;;i~::1::/:::il
Scanth1 QRcode•
dldchtretopnetfM by
wcaliularyfTomthis unit.
158
A betterworld
..
e <, Whatare the biggestglobalchallenges?Thinkabout health,societyand the
economy.Howcan researchhelpto solvethe challenges?
Languageskills Vocabulary
• Raadlng& Speaking:Predicting,preventingand preparing • Naturaldisasters
• Listening:
Listeningto completea table • Takingaction
• Speaking:Predictingand planning
• Speaking:Discussingtechnicaladvances
• Reading:Readingto speculateand completea matrix
• Writing:Writinga fact file
159
D Dotheseeventshappenfn yourcountry?
Labeltha photoswiththedisasters.
avalanche drought earthquake flood storm tsunami volcano wildfire
===1=60=--~ English for the 21st Century • Unit 12 V//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

Q'/////////H////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////H//////#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
fJ) Readthe articleandanswerthe questions.

a How many naturaldisasterswere there in 2011?
b How much moneydid the disasterscost?
c How manywaysare thereto limit the damagefrom naturaldisasters?
Natural disasters:predict, prevent, prepare

Naturaldisasterscauseterribledamageeveryyear.For example,in 2011,therewere302 naturaldisasters
aroundthe world,29,7B2peoplediedand therewas $366 billion of economicdamage.We often see
what countriesdo after a disaster,
but what can they do beforethe disasterarrives?
Expertssaythereare threewaysthat a countrycan minimizethe damagefrom naturaldisasters:
Predict- knowwhen and wheresomethingwill happenin the future
Prevent- stop somethingfrom happening
Prepare- get readyfor it beforesomethinghappens.
(0 Q In smallgroups.Lookat thedisastersin 1. Howcanpeopleor countriespredict,preventor

preparefor them?
(Cl)Whatdayouknowaboutnaturaldisastersin thecountriesbelow?
• Canada • China • Japan • SaudiArabia • The Netherlands • The USA
(El)~ 12.1Listento a radioprogrammeandcomparethe informationwithyouranswersto 3 and4.

CompletePart1of the table.
Part1 Part2 Part3
Country Typeof disaster Predict,prevent,prepare OtherInformation
a The Netherlands
b SaudiArabia
c China
d Japan
e Canada
f The USA
'Q'//////////////////////////////////////////////,W//////////////////////////////////////////H/////////////////~ Englishfor the 2111Century• Unit 12 «.:::~=6=~===

ffiW////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#///////////////////hW////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#
(D)~ 12.1ListenagainandcompletePart2 of thetable.

(fJ ~ 12.1ListenagainandcompletePart3 withanyotherinformationyouhear.
0 Q In groups.Whichideasdoyouthinkarethe best?Giveyourreasons.
m fJ; In groups.Lookat the challenges

below.
Rn SKILLS
a Whichof the eventscanwe predict?
CRITICAL
THINKING:
b Choosethreeevents.Discusswhatyoucando to Futurechallenges
prevent and preparefor them. Seepage167➔
• a typhoon • losing a football match
• failing an exam • losing your job
• getting ill • someone stealing your wallet
mJjPresentyourideasto theclass.
===1=62=--» English for the 21st Century • Unit 12 V//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~

D In pairs.ReadtheUstof Ideasfor makinga differenceInvariousareasof everydaylife.
Choosethe threebestIdeas.Whowilltheactionsbenefit?Usethe photosto helpyou.
ExampleI think taking more exercisemakesa difference.It makesyou feel healthy.
a Give money to a charity. b
C Look after an elderly person.

d Stop eating meat. e Be friendly to people. Avoid conflict.
j Buy fresh, local food, not food imported from another country.
k Sponsor an endangered animal.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////9/////////////////h EngUsh
for the 21111Century• Unit 12 «.:::~=63
~//////////////,W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////Q///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
fJ) Lookat the Ustof actionsin 1andputthemInthe matrix.Explainyourdecisions.

Example'Stopeating meat' doesn't need much effort. Thereare lots of benefitsto the person
and to the environment.
100
o-----------------------------
0 Benefit 100
(D ~ 12.2 Listento fourpeopletalkaboutwhattheyaregoingto do to makea difference.

Completethe table.
.....-== ~
What are they going to do? Howcan It makea difference?
I Speaker1
Spealcer2
+
Spealcer3
-
Spealcer4
-
===1=64=--»
Englishfor the 21 Century • Unit 12 st
V//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////8
(D Compare your completed table with other students.

Which of tha four actlons is the best?
9 Q In groups. Whatelse can we do to make the

worlda better place?Makea Ust.Discuss the
benefits and the effort needed for each Item
on your list. Decide on the three things you
are going to do.
0J Q TeUthe rest of the class about your plans.

Explain whyyou chose these actions.
fJ Look at the photos.Discuss the technical advances

they show.
Q In groups. What differences are the advances In 7 making to people's lives? Rank them 1-5
(5 • the biggest difference). Present your ranking to the class and give your reasons.
~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////9/////////////////h EngUsh
for the 21111Century• Unit 12 «.:::~=65===
D calledSavetheblobflsh.Lookat thephotosfromthe
In pairs.Youaregoingto watcha slideshow
slideshow.Whatdo theyshow?ShareyourIdeaswithanotherpair.
fJ) In groups.Thinkof 15 wordsyouwill hearfntheslfdeshow.WritethemIn a wordmap.

ThanshareyourIdeaswiththe class.
8 Watchtheslldeshow.
Makenotes.Howmanyof thewordsfromyourwordmapdidyouhear?
a Discuss
In pairs.
Whichpartsof the slideshowdid you find most interesting?Did anythingsurpriseyou?Did you learnanything?
Whatdid you agreewith?What did you disagreewith? Do you think we focustoo much on 'cute'animals?
Shouldwe try to saveall endangeredspecies?Why?/Whynot?
B Choosean endangeredspadesandresearchit on
tha internet.
• Whyisit endangered?
• Whatthreatensits habitat? Writing a fact file
• Whatcanwe do to saveit? • A fact file isa supplementarytext
separatefrom the maintext
(ClYouare goingto writea factfile for an articleabout • Giveinterestingfacts,extra information
endangeredspecies. and moredetails.
• Bespecific.Becarefulnot to include
Step1 Createa mind mapfrom your notesin 5. unnecessaryinformation.
Step2 Planyourfactfile,andthendraft it • Beconcise.Givea lot of informationin
Step3 Shareyourdraftwith anotherstudent. few words.
Step4 Completeyour fact file.
===1=66=--»
Century• Unit 12 V//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~
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Predlctingchallengesin advancehelpsusto prepareand respondwell.

SometlmespreparlngIn advancehelpsyou to preventa problem.
D Whateventscouldthesestepsprevent?
a giving yourselfa monthly budget for entertainment d checkingwhat'sin your fridge
b eating well and getting plenty of sleep e checkingyour emailseachday
c booking times to serviceyour car
fJ) Thinkabouta chaUengeyoufacedandanswerthequestrons.

a Did you preparefor it? c What did you learnfrom your challenge?
b How did you respond? d What would you do differentlyin the future?
(0 Writea shortparagraphanddiscuss
yourchallengewitha classmate.
(D Whatarethe challenges
you arecurrentlypreparingfor?
DIF.F.ERENCE
We all needconfidence and skrlls to help us make a difference, but we also needto make a
declslon to not just let the world go by. We should recognizeopportunities and train ourselves
to beUevethat we can makea difference.
D Raadthetext. Underline thepartswhere

1llveneara river,and I liketo walkalongIt. There's
theauthor:
a identifiesa problem no trafficand it's lovely.Lastyear,I beganto
b finds out how other peoplefeel noticethat peopledroppedtheirlitter on the
path,and eachdaythe problemgot worse.No
c gets other organizationsto help
onewascleaningit up.It beganto upsetme.One
d publicizesthe event day,on TVtherewasan advertfrom a cleaning
e talksabout the results. companyto giveyour housea 'springclean'.
I thought,'Theriverneedsa springclean!'I talked
fJ Thinkaboutthetext anddiscussthequestions. to myfriends,andwe agreedthat we'd havea
a Isthe author a specialpersonor an big 'riverspringclean'dayto cleanit up.Then,
ordinaryperson? my friendsand I talkedto someof the localshops
b Wasthe clean-updifficult to organize? to askfor helpandto put up postersin their
c Did it makea difference? windows.A localsupermarket agreedthat they
d Whatdid the author do that startedthe change? would supportour dayby organizinga small
lorryto pickup the litter we hadcollected.They
contactedthe localnewspaperto comeandtake
D Writea shortparagraphabouta timewhen
youmadea difference,or somethingyou'd
photographs. Weall hadour photosin the local
newspaper. It wasa lot of fun andsucha great
liketo makea differenceto. Usethe steps success that the localschoolsofferedto organize
In 1 to organizeyourparagraph.Shareyour it, and now the rivergetsa springcleaneveryyear.
ideaswithotherstudents.
~////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.//////////////////h for the 21111Century• Unit 12

EngUsh «.:::~=6=
Units11& 12
0 Putthe stagesof the problem-solving

processin the correctorder(1-7).
a take action
b evaluatethe solution
c identifythe problem
d setaims
e explorethe problem
f selectan option
g lookat options
fJ Lookat thegraphof thenumberof hospltalbedsandthenumberof patients.

Foreachday,saywhatthe situationis. Useenough,not enoughandtoo man11.
135
130 ■ Patients
■ Hospital beds
125
120
115
110
105
100
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
ExampleOn Monday,there were too manypatients.
a Monday_______________________________ _
b Tuesday_______________________________ _
c Wednesday_____________________________ _
d Thursday______________________________ _
e Friday________________________________ _
===1=68==-~ Englishfor the 21st Century • Units 11& 12 Progresstest W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A

/////////////////////////////////////////////////n. ~~ W/////////////////////////4 Units11& 12
(0 Completethe text aboutGregandMartlne'sholiday.Usetooor enoughanda suitableadjective.
Our holidaywas OK,but we had a few problems.Therewas a lot of traffic on the airport road,so
we arrivedat the airport _______ • to get good seatson the flight. Our suitcasewas
_______ 1>so we paid extra.The hotel was OK.but our bed wasn't _______ cfor
two people so I slept on the sofa.The musicfrom the nightclub next door was _____ d so we
didn't sleepwell. I think it was _______ • - it cost $150a night with no food. The weather was
quite good though, and it was _______ , to go swimming.The town was attractive, but it was
_______ , from the hotel. It took an hour to walk there. Luckily,the flight home was fine!
(CJ)
Writethe questions
to the answersaboutGregandMartlne'sholiday.
a
Wewent to Bermuda.
b
Westayedin an expensivehotel.
Becauseit's a beautiful island.
d
Westayedfor a week.
e
It cost $900each.
l1) Completethe namesof the naturaldisasters.

a _v_l_nch
b __ rthq __ k_
c fl __ d
d dr __ ght
e v_lc n
~W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////p Englishfor the 21"'Century• Units 11& 12 Progresstest «-::~=69=

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Additionalresources
ActMtles Theseactivitiesare an opportunityfor youto practiseyour speaking.
Don'tworry aboutmakingmistakes.Justthink aboutyour message
and howto interactwith youractivitypartner.
s
------------
==-==-====
~-========-r----
s==e- -.--
D
Transcripts Readingthe transcriptis anothergoodway to reviewthe language

andskillsyou study.Youcan makephotocopiesand write noteson
the pagesto helpyou rememberthe meaning.
.. - ==.i'!=:5B
·••--~
I - : f-=---
r~
r-
-
Wordlist Usethe word Ustto revise.Youcantranslatethe wordsintoyour

own languageand add examplesentences. Youcanwrite yourown
examplesor find examplesfrom the unit
l.
=-
===1=70==-~
Century • Additional resources W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
FindoutsomefactsabouteachJob.Hereare someideasfor research.

• Visita careerscentreat your collegeor university.
• Do some researchon a careerswebsite.
• Talkto someonewith a similarjob. Advanced~·
• ResearchsomeA Day in the Ufe storieson the internet,for
example,A Day in the life of an EventPlanner.
• Add one of your own ideas.
BrowseJobs
• Makenotesabout yourjobs on the following areas:
• jobs I am interestedin
• research
• facts
II
ReadIha casestudyandanswerthe question.
Case study
MarlstelIs a small fashioncompanyIn Riode Janeiro.Thereare 30 peopleIn the company'sSalesteam. Each
of them has a Samsungsmartphoneand a Dell 12-inchlaptop.All the devicesare more than four yearsold and
needupdating.
In the office,the Salesstaff mainly usetabletsfor emails and the company'sTwitterand Facebookaccounts.
On customervisits,they usetabletsfor writing up visit reports,givingpresentationsand showingcustomersthe
onlinecatalogue.They only usetheir smartphonesfor phonecalls.
The companydoesn'twant to spenda lot on new high-endsmartphonesand tablets,especiallyas the staff
don't usetheir phonesmuch.The staff saythe laptopsare very heavyand want somethingfasterand easierto
carry around.
Which Is a better option forthe Sales team: a smartphone witha large screen (sl,cInches pl.us)or a smotl tablet?
• Are you a webroomer?

Doyou spenda lot of time researchingan item beforeyou buy it? Doyou then preferto buy it in a localstoreor
shoppingmall?If the answersare 'yes, you are probablya webroomer.
'Webrooming'is whenpeopledo all their productresearchonline.Then,whenthey haveall the informationthey
need,theygo to a localshop to buythe product.Webroomerspreferto buy in-storebecausetheywant to havethe
productimmediately.Theydon't want to wait for a delivery.
UAEshoppersleadthe way in webrooming.A high percentageof shoppersresearchproductsonline,often with a
smartphone.After doingtheir research,they buy the productsat oneof UAE'smanyshoppingmalls.Over80% of
Emiratisbuy in stores,but only 10%buyonline.
W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n Englishfor the 2111 Century• Activities «-::'.171====

~ W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
II
PairA
Barchart1
Useof smartphonesfor buyingtechnicalgadgets

60%
50% -
40%
30%
20%--
10% -
0%
South Hong China Vietnam USA UK
Korea Kong
■ Researchingproducts
Purchasingproducts
===17:=2::;,,~ Englishfor the 21st Century • Activities W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Pair B
Barchart2
Use of computers and smartphones for onUneshopping
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
20%
10%
0%
North Latin Europe Asia Middle
America America East
■ Computer/laptop
Smartphone
W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n Englishfor the 2111 Century• Activities «-::'.173====

~
.....
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
llliill
Step1
Readthe assignment.
Whatskillsdoesthe team needto completethe assignment?
ExampleIt needssomebodywith good researchskills.
Step2
Individually,choosetwo tasksyou would liketo do. Completepart B.
Stap3
Havea meetingto assigntasks(ten minutes).Selecta personto leadthe discussion.Makesureeveryonehasa task
and hasan equalamount of work.
Example
Facilitator Sowe need someoneto do the research.Who wantsto do that?
Farid Well,Tom'sreallygood at research.I think he shoulddo the research.
Tom Yeah,fine. I'm happyto do that, but it's a big task.Sonya,could you work with me?
Sonya Sure.No problem.
Facilitator Wouldyou likeme to work on the report?
Sonya Well,actually,I'd liketo write. I think writing'sone of my strengthsand I know I have
a good eyefor detail.Isthat OKwith everybody?
Facilitator Yeah,that'sfine.
Farid No problem.
Assignment
1 Taskfor nextweek
A Tasks B StrengthsIn the team/ C Personassigned D Notes
personalpreferences
===~=~.:,,~ Englishfor the 21st Century• Activities W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
StudentB
0 Completethe questions
belaw.Thanaskyourpartnerabouttheircompany,BMWMINI.
a ______ arethe BMWMINIheadquarters?
b _______ arethe company'sinternationallocations?
C _______ ownsthe company?
d _______ wasthe companyfounded?
e ______ manypeopledoesthe companyemploy?
f _______ manyMINlsdoesthe companyproducea year?
g _______ happenedin1959?
h _______ happenedin 2001?
BMW MINI
Headquarten
Internationallocations
Owner
Founded
Employees
Production
History 1959
2001
(fJ)Raadthe informationaboutyour company,BP.Prepareto answerquestionsaboutthe company

from your partner.
British Petroleum (BP)

Headquarten London,England
Founded 1909
Employees 73,000
Products Oil and gas
Revenue $282billion a year
History 1954 The namechangedto BritishPetroleum
from the Anglo-IranianOil Company.
2010 Therewasa big accidentin the Gulf
of Mexico.
W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n Englishfor the 2111 Century• Activities «,..::.'.17

~ W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Unit 1 Pete No,I don't. I work In the officemost of the time.

My teamdevelopsthe conceptand ideasfor the
1.1 decorations,music,and soon. I alsohavea lot of
1 Thisday marksthe birthdayof the UnitedStatesof meetingswith the clientsto discusstheir needs.
America,and its independencefrom Britishrule.It'sa Interviewer Do you work long hours?
nationalholidayand celebrateseverythingthat'sgood Pete Yes,I do. Justbeforean eventI often work a
aboutthe UnitedStates.In citiesandtownsacrossAmerica, 14-hourday,but I don't mind.I'm luckymy
thereareparadeswith patrioticmusic.A lot of people companypaysme to organizeparties,and I
wearsomethingred,white and blue,andwavethe loveparties.
Americanflag. Interviewer Andwhat qualitiesdo you need to work in event
2 Everyyear,there'sa specialwinterfestivalin north-east planning?
China.It'sone of the bestexhibitionsof icesculpturesin Pete Well,you needto be creative,andalsovery
the world.Youcan seemassiveicesculpturesof figuresand organized,with a good eyefor detail.
buildingsalloverthe city.At night,colourfullightsmake Interviewer And likeparties!
the sculptureslook reallybeautiful.It'sa greattime to visit Pete Exactly.
them,but It'svery,verycold.
3 Thisinternationalfestivalcelebratesfolk traditionsfrom 1.4
differentpartsof the world.At the startof the festival, a Who do you work for?
groupsof dancersparadethrough the streetsin colourful b Howmanyhoursdo you work a day?
nationalcostumes.Thegroupyou can seein the photo c Whichisyour busiestday?
isfrom Colombia.Laterin the day,therearedisplaysof d Howdo you starta typicalday?
dancingin the mainsquare.It's reallyinterestingto seethe e Whatdo you likeabout the job?
differentcostumesandstylesof musicand dancing. 1.5
4 Thisisa specialfamilyholidayin Canada. Today,people 1 Interviewer So,Marta.Whyisthe FoilesFestivalimportant
celebratethe festivalto givethanksfor the good thingsin for Valencia?
life.At Thanksgiving,canadiansoften visitfamilyor friends, Marta Forme,the Foilesareall about local
or invitethem to their own homes.A lot of peopleeat a community.In the 12monthsbeforethe
traditionalmealof turkeyand pumpkinpie.An Invitationto festival,localpeopleworktogetherto plan
a Canadianhomefor ThanksgivingIsa big honour. and organizethe celebrationsfor their
5 The NewYearstartswith a spectacularfireworksdisplay. neighbourhood.It'sgreat.Everybodyhelps
Overa million people,localsandvisitors,gatherdowntown eachother.Throughthe FallesFestival,we
to seethis amazingdisplayof fireworks,lasersand lights. get to knowour neighboursandwe make
I alwaysgo to The PalaceBeachon Al SufouhRoadto new friends.
watchthe fireworks.Youget a perfectview of the fireworks Interviewer Sothe Fa/Jes makelocalValencian
againstthe BurjKhalifa.It'sspectacular. communitiesstrong?
1.2 Marta Exactly.It bringsour communitiestogether.
a 2S-hDecember 2 Interviewer Josep,you'rea localbusinessman. How
b 2nd February importantarethe Foilesfor you?
C 22nd August Josep Veryimportant.Thefestivalbringslots of
d 18th June visitorsto the city andthat'sgood for the
e 5"'April hotels,good for the restaurants, andgood
f 1st January for shops.Thefestivalalsohelpssmallartisan
g 9thMay businesses. Mywife isa dressmaker. She's
h 23ft!March busyallyearmakingthe traditionaldresses
30th September for the parades.TheFallesalsohelpsthe
craftsmen- the painters,decoratorsand the
1.3 carpenters.Theyhavea lot of work because
Interviewer Whatdo you do, Pete? ofthe Fat/es.
Pete I'm an eventplanner. 3 Interviewer So,Arturo.Whydo you think the Foilesare
Interviewer Andwho do you workfor? Importantfor Valencla?
Pete A companycalledKaslma. Arturo Forme,the Foilesareall abouttraditions.
Interviewer Whatkindof eventsdoesthe companyorganize? Thefestivalkeepsour traditionsalive- for
Pete It specializes
in privateevents,suchasweddings, example,the traditionalValenciancostumes
birthdaypartiesand musicfestivals.It doesn't and hairstyles,the traditionalfoodswe eat,
haveany big corporateclients. the traditionof fireworks.Thesetraditions
Interviewer Do you spenda lot of time out of the office? arepassedfrom onegenerationto the next
generation,from the parentsto the children.
===1=76:.:,,~
Englishfor the 21st Century• Transcripts W//////////////////////////h.,,,,.,,,.,,,,7/.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,/,,,,,.,u.,,,,. W/////////////////////////////////////A
~ W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Interviewer Sothe festivalIsImportantfor keeping 2 Sam Areyou doing anythingafterclass?

Valencianculturealive? Olga Justtakingsomebooksbackto the library.Why?
Arturo That'sright.And it makesValencians Sam Well,I'm going to CaMCocowith Maria.Would
proudof their city,and proud of their you liketo come?
Valencianculture. Olga Yeah.I'd loveto. Whattime?
Sam We'regoing straightafterclass,soaroundfive.
Olga OK.Seeyou then.
Unit 2 3 Dave Haveyou any plansfor Sunday,Chen?
Chen Nothingspecial.Why?
2.1
Sally OK.So,let'sstart.OK.Sowe needlots of ideasfor a Dave Wouldyou liketo go to the cinema?There'sa new
BradPitt film.The reviewsareverygood.
communityeventin June.OK.Socanyou give me
Chen Thatsoundsgreat,but I can't.I'vea chemistry
your ideas?
test on Mondayand I needto preparefor It. Sorry.
Ali I think we needan eventthat'sgood for allage
Maybeanotherevening?
groups.My ideais to havea quiz night.
4 Tom Areyou busynext weekend,Fatima?
Ben Great.And we can haveprizesfor the winners.I have
Fatima Yeah,quite busy.Why?
anotheridea.Maybewe couldhavea video games
Tom WeiI,it's Chen'sbirthdayon Saturdayand I'm
tournament-you know,lots of teamsplayingthe
organizinga barbecuefor him in the evening.
samevideo game.
Wouldyou liketo come?
Sally I likethe idea.Soa quizanda videogames
Fatima WeiI,I'd loveto, but I can't.I'm going to a music
tournament.Let me write them on the board.OK.
festivalwith somefriends.
Anyother ideas?
Gemma Well,the weather'sgood in June.Sowhy don't we Slldeshow
- GetIntocharacter
havea picnicin the park? Host In the lastthirty years,fan conventionshavebecome
Ben Yes,and we couldorganizegamesfor the children. verypopular,all overthe world.Thefirst conventions
Sally OK.A picnicin the parkand gamesfor children. focusedon sciencefiction books,filmsandTV
Whatabout you,Sue?Doyou havea suggestion? series.Butthesedays,it's not just sci-flfans.Fans
Sue Yes.Howabout organizinga photographic of horror,fantasy,animation,collectiblecard
exhibition?Wouldthat work? games,videogamesand comicsloveto get
All Sorry,what'sa photographicexhibition? togetherat conventions.
Sue Wecould Invitelocalpeopleto bring Interesting Comic-Conisthe biggestfan conventionanywhere
photographs. in the world.At the eventyou canfind question-
Sally Greatidea,Sue.Justa minute.I needto write that and-answerpanels,seminars,video-gaming
down.OK.We'vegot four greatideas.Whatelse areas,exhibitions,shops,book signingsand live
couldwe do? performances. And it's a greatplaceto meet like-
mindedpeoplefrom aroundthe world.Youdon't
2.2
haveto comein a costume,but a lot of peopledo!
Kim Areyour parentscomingto yourgraduation?
So,today'sTopChatpodcastcomesfrom the Comic-
Rosa Yes,they are.They'reflying in from Bogota
ConInternationalat the SanDiegoConventionCenter.
tomorrowevening.
Thisyear,there aremorethan 160,000attendees.It's
Kim GreatHow long aretheystaying?
pretty busyin here!Let'shavea walkaround.
Rosa My father'sgoing backon Sunday,but my mother
Look... it's Pikachu!Wow,greatcostume.Hello!Can
Isn'tgoing backuntil Tuesday.
we havea quickchat?
Kim Whataboutyour brother,Carlos?
Alice Yes,sure.
Rosa Heisn'tcoming.He'smuchtoo busywith work.
Host So,tell usaboutyourself... what'syour name7Where
Kim That'sa pity.Andareyou goingto the
areyou from?
graduationparty?
Rosa No,I'm not.After the ceremony,I'm havingdinner Alice I'm Aliceand I'm from London.
Host Andyou'redressedasPikachufrom the Pokemon
with my parents.
series.WhyPikachu?
2.3 Allee Pikachu'smy favouritecharacter!I think he'sreally
1 Fatima A group of usaregoing to Tom'sflat for a pizza cool! Helooksreallycuteandfriendly,but he can
later.Wouldyou liketo come? shootelectricityfrom hispaws!Hehaslightning
Jack Yeah.That'sa greatidea.Whattime? power!
Fatima About 7.00.Tom'sorderingthe pizzasand I'm Host Soyou'rea big Pok~monfan then?
doing somesalads. Allee I'm a hugefan of the videogamesandthe TVseries.
Jack Soundsgood.Seeyou there. Andthe collector'scards.I haveover 1,000cards!
Host Veryimpressive! So,areyou enjoyingthe event?
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Allee Yeah!I lovethe atmospherehere.It'sgreatto SpldermanMost peoplethink that superheroesdon't think

meet Pokemonfansfiom aroundthe world. about healthandsafety.Theydo all kindsof
I know lots of Pokemonfansonline,but it's dangerousthings!I disagree.Superheroes can't
muchbetter to meet in reallife. taketoo manyrisks.Watchthe Spidermanmovies
Host So,areyou planningany lightningstorms carefully- he alwayshasa planto keepeveryone
thisweekend? safe.Himselfincluded.He'sa verycleveryoung
Alice I don't think so,but you neverknowl man.Cautious.I likethat about him.
Host Greatstuff.Well,thankyou for talkingto usl Now Host Well,that'sa very interestingangle.Thankyou.
. .. who'sthis? Enjoythe restof the convention.
Atronach I'm a FlameAtronachfrom the videogameSkyrim. And therewe go.Youlearnall kindsof thingsat
Host Skyrim? thesehuge events.And that'sall from this week's
Atronach Yeah,it's a role-playinggame.It'sone of podcast.Thanksfor listening,and tune in next
my favourites. weekfor somemoretop chat!
Host Uh huh.And what about the costume?It's
pretty fiery!
Atronach I madeit myself.It waseasierthan I thought. Unit3
I bought the red materialat my localmarket.
3.1
I think it worksreallywell.
a Amir Everybodyneedsoneof these.I alwayshaveIt with
Host It reallydoes!And whereareyou from?
me when I go out and usemy smartphonea lot
Atronach I'm from Norway.I'vetravelled morethan 8,000 I reallylikethismodelbecauseit'sverycompactand
kilometresto be here!I'vebeento manydifferent
slim.It meansI cancarryit in my laptopbag,or even
conventionsall overEurope,but this is my first
in myjacketpocket.It workswith all Androidand
time at Comic-Con.It's biggerthan conventionsin
Windowsphones.I reallylikethe designandthe way
Europe.ButI do the samethings- I meet people
the chargingcablefits into the bodyof the charger.
I'vetalkedto online,go to talksand go shopping.
I think it'sa reallyusefulgadget
Host Great!And what madeyou cometo SanDiego
b Marti It'sveryfastand it's very responsive. WhenI'm
thisyear?
surfingthe internet,pagesdownloadin seconds.
Atronach BrandonSandersonIsdoing a book signing!I'm I lovethe look of it, too. I think it's verystylish.It
soexcited!
goeseverywherewith me,and it's sosmallI can fit
Host BrandonSanderson?
it in myjacketpocket.It takesgreatphotos,and the
Atronach Yeah.He'smyfavouriteauthor.Do you knowthe soundqualltyfor callsIsverygood,too. I alsouseIt
Mistbornbooks?
for getting onto Facebookand myTwitteraccount.
Host No ...
It'sreallyveryversatile.I useit for everything.I can't
Atronach They'rereallycomplexfantasynovels.Soexciting. livewithout it
And they alwayshavereallygood endings.
c Bo I mainlyusethesewhen I'mtravellingto work on
Host Cool!Thanksfor the tip! And enjoythe restof the
the bus.They'regreatwhen I don't want to hear
event... Now,I can seeSpiderman.Let'shavea
other people'smusicand conversations. They
chat ... hello,sir.Isthisyour youngfamily?
certainlyaren'tverystylish,but theseonesarevery
SpldermanYes,yes.
light andcomfortableto wear.Andfor the price,I
Host Helloladles!
think the soundqualityis great I alsousethem in
Children Hello!
the eveningwhen my flatmatesarewatchingTV
Host Now,sir,why Spiderman?
and I want to listento music.Theyblockout the
SpldermanWell,what canI sayabout Spiderman? He'sa
noiseof the TVreallywelI.
very interestingcharacter.Thatsaid,I haven'thad
d Jodi I lovethisgadget It veryeasyto use.Ijust put it
manynicecommentsabout my costume.I find
on andforget about It allweek.I can sleepwith It
that ratherdisappointing.I supposepeoplecan't
on, andIt'swaterproofso I don't takelt off when I
seeit. It'sverycrowdedin here.In fact, I'm a little
shower.It hasa long batterylife so I only need to
bit worriedabout fire safety.I'll havea friendly
chargeit oncea week.It comesin two sizes,small
word with the organizers.I'm a healthandsafety
and large.Thesmallsizeis perfectfor mywrist.
officer,you see.EverywhereI go, I takecareful
I mainlyuseit for trackingmy activitiesduringthe
notes.Peopleaskif it spoilsmy fun. Not at all!
workday.My goal is 10,000steps everyday.I like
I loveto help out when I can.
it becauseit's good motivationfor me to be
Host Wh ...
moreactive.
===1=78:.:,,~
English for the 21st Century • Transcripts W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////A
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e RachelIt'sveryeasyto useand It'ssmallso I cancarryIt In a 3.4

beachbagor in my rucksack. Youcandrop it and it Conversation1
doesn'tbreak.And it's alsowaterproofto 35 metres, Interviewer So,Stephen,how do you liketo shop?
so it's perfectfor when I'm snorkellingor doing Stephen Well,I likea lot of informationbeforeI decide
other watersports.Forme,it'sjust what I need,a what to buy,especiallywhen I'm buying
simple'point andshoot'devicethat takesgreat somethingexpensive.I do a lot of research
underwatershots,andisn'texpensive.I alwaystake beforeI decidewhat to buy.Forexample,If I
this with me when I go on beachholidays. want to buy a reallygood camera,first,I check
out somebiogs.I alsoposton Facebookfor
3.2 advicefrom friendsandfamilyabout the
a Ryan How muchdo you payfor a reallygood laptop
brandsthey like.And I reada lot of customers'
In Korea? reviews,too.
RachelIt dependswhereyou go. In placesllkethe
Interviewer Doyou buy onlinethen?
YongsanElectronicsMalI,you canfind a reallygood
Stephen No,actuallyI preferto buy in a localshop if I can.
HPlaptopfor around460,000won, andthey'll
I do a pricecomparisoncheckto seewhich shop
probablygiveyou a laptopbagfor that price,too.
hasthe best price,and I go thereto buy it. But
Ryan Really!460,000won.About $400.That'sa really
for me,it's not just about price,I alsowant good
good price. qualityand service.WhenI buy in a store,I don't
b Hassan What'sthe costof a flashdrive here? haveto worry about deliveriesor returningthe
Jan A flashdrive? productif there'sa problem.I canseewhat I'm
Hassan Yes,you know,a memorystick.
buying.I payfor It andtake It home.It'seasier
Jan Yeah,I know.Theydon't costmuch.Youcan order
and It's moreconvenient
them on a websitelikeAmazonUK.I thinkyou pay
around£350 for eight gigabytes,and£7.50for Conversation 2
32gigabytes. Interviewer Doyou useyoursmartphonewhenyou're
c Pierre I'm thinkingof buying a foldlng keyboard, shopping,Maria?
somethingreallysmallthat I can usewith my iPad Maria Yes,all the time.My smartphoneis my money-
when I'm travelling. savingfriend.I takeit everywhereI go. I usemy
Jack Soundslikea good idea. phonea lot when I'm shopping.I loveto go to
Pierre I mayget onewhen I'm in NewYorknextweek.Do the shopsto seethe latestfashionsand feelthe
you knowwhat they cost? qualityof the materials,but I still want to get the
Jack I'm not sure.Let me checkon BestBuys.Right.Here bestpossiblepricewhen I'm shoppingin stores.
we are.There'sa reallyniceonefor $39.90, and it My smartphonehelpsme with that
hasgood reviews. Interviewer HowdoesIt work?
Pierre OK.About $40.That'squite expensive.I think I need Marla Well,when I seesomethingin a shopthat I
to do a bit of researchfirst. like,for example,a handbag,I takeout my
d StefanI needa smallcolour printerfor my homeoffice. smartphone.I usea reallyusefulappcalled
Milly Whatkind of printer? Findlt.It scansthe barcodeand in a few seconds
StefanA smalllaserprinter.I don't havea lot of spaceIn I haveallthe product informationabout the
the office.Anyideahow muchthey cost? handbag.It alsosearches for the best pricefor
Milly I havean HPColourLaserJetPro.It'sa greatlittle the handbag,onlineor in anothernearbyshop.
printer.It only cost£150. Interviewer Soyou thinksmartphoneshoppingis a
StefanWow!A hundredandfifty for a colourlaserprinter. good idea?
That'sverygood value. Maria Yes,it's a reallygood idea,especiallyif you want
to get a cheapprice.I knowI savea lot of money
3.3 shoppingthis way,and It'sveryeasyto do. All
a cheaper my friendsdo It.
b smaller
C better 3.5
d heavier price
e nicer assistant
f sharper information
into
online
decide
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Unit4 Slldeshow- HowsmartIstoo smart?

Manythingsin your homecan be fitted with sensorsand
4.1 microchipsto makethem 'smart'- that is,responsive. You
A Canyou tell usa little about DesignLife? can controlyour windows,lighting,heating,airconditioning,
B Sure.DesignLifeprovidesthe bestfurniturefor student securitysystems,entertainmentsystemsand household
accommodation. We havebranchesall overEurope. appliancesfrom a devicelikea smartphoneor smartwatch,
A Andwhat is specialabout DesignLife? viaa wirelessinternetconnection.Asa result,they can
B WeiI,at DesignLife,we supplythe highestqualityfurniture respondto changesin the environment,changesin the
at the lowestpossibleprice. situation,and to your commands.Everyyear,technology
A Canyou tell usabout the furniture? companiesspenda lot of moneydevelopingwaysto make
B Certainly.All our furnitureis madeof the most robust life moreconvenient.
materialsand lastsfor years. Butsomequestionsmust be asked.Isallthis technology
A Great.Whatstylesof furnituredo you offer? reallyuseful?IsIt necessary?Whathappenswhen It breaks
B Weoffer threestyles:Trad,ModusandSpace.ModusIsthe down?Canyou think of anyother downsidesto llvlng with
most popularrange.It hasthe most excitingdesigns. allthis technology?
Imaginethis.Youarrivehomeaft.era long dayat work.The
4.2
Sally So,Marcia,what do you think we needin our new garagedoorsopen automaticallyandyourcar parksitself.In
the doorway,you look at a screen.A scannerscansyour eye
study bedrooms?
MarciaWell,I liketo work in my room soa big deskand a andthe alarmswitchesoff. Yourfront door unlocksandyou
open it. Thereis a pleasantbreezein the living room.The
good officechairarereallyimportant
Sally Anythingelse? windowsopenedslightlywhen you arrived.
Youwalkthroughinto the kitchen.A cup of tea iswaitingfor
Marcia I needsomewhereto put all my booksandcourse
you in the tea-makerat the perfect,drinkabletemperature-
papers,so somekindof bookcasewould be
60 degreesCelsius.Youwalk backinto the living room.'Play
useful,too.
somethingrelaxing,'you say.Somegentle pianomusiccomes
Sally OK.Soa nicebig desk,an officechairanda bookcase?
on overthe stereo.YousinkIntoyourfavouritearmchair.It
Marcia Exactly.
lmmedlatelyreclinesIntoyour preferredsitting position.Wow,
Sally Thanks,Marcia.That'sreallyuseful.Whatabout
you'retired! Asyou startto fall asleep,your smartwatchsenses
you,Hassan?
that your heartrateis dropping.Thelightsdim slightly,and
HassanI agreewith Marcia.A good deskandchairare
the musicfadesout.
reallyimportant.
Suddenly,there'sa rainstormoutside.Thewindowsclose
Sally Anythingelse?
HassanI likefurniturethat looksmodern,so nothingold- automatically. Theoutsidetemperaturedropstoo,sothe
fashioned.Oh,anda comfychair.ThenI can relax heatingcomeson.
Yoursmartwatchwakesyou up.'Whatwould you likefor
when I finishwork- watchmovieson my laptopor
dinner?'a voiceasks.'Onecheeseandtomato pizza,and a
just listento music.
lemonade,please,'you reply.
Sally Soa modernlook.a deskand a comfortablechairfor
Nowyou'rewide awake,soyou decideto do someexercise.
watchingfilms.
Youcheckyour smartwatch-you needto run sixkilometres
HassanYes,anda good officechair.
to meetyour dallystepstarget.Soyou climb on yourtreadmlll,
Sally OK.That'sgreatHassan.
andstart running.Thespeedadjuststo keepyour heartrate
4.3 at a steady160beatsper minute.Somemore upbeatmusic
SalesassistantCanI helpyou? comeson the stereo.After sixkilometres,the treadmillslows
Jo Yes,please.I'd liketo try thesejeanson. down andstops,and the musicswitchesoff.
SalesassistantCertainly.Whatsizeareyou? Youneeda shower.Yousay'bathroom',and allthe lightsup
Jo I'm a size32. the stairsandalongthe landinglight up.Youarriveat the
SalesassistantOK.Thechangingroom isoverthere. shower,andthe wateris runningat 42 degreesCelsius- the
Jo Thanks. perfecttemperature.Afteryour shower,you grabyourtowel.
(Jotrieson thejeansJ It'swarm- the towel rail heatedit up for you.
SalesassistantHowarethejeans? Now it's seveno'clock- dinnertime.Righton cue,the doorbell
Jo Great.Theyflt perfectly.Howmucharethey? rings.It'sthe pizzadeliveryman.Perfecttiming!After dinner,
SalesassistantThey're£49.99. you headup to the bedroom.Youfeel llkewatchinga movie.
Jo OK.That'sfine.I'll takethem. 'Playsomethingfunny,'you say,andthe latesthit comedy
Salesassistant Howwould you liketo pay? comeson the televlslon.It's hllarlous!Justwhat you needed
Jo With my debit card,please. aftera long day.
Thoroughlyentertained,you startto dozeoff.Thetelevision
switchesoff andthe lightsfade to black.Anotherperfectday
comesto an end.
===1=80==-~
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Wouldyou llketo llve llkethis?Doyou haveanyof these Martine I'm not sureI llke herarchitecture.SometimesI don't
gadgets?What new technologywould you like? think her buildingsfit with other buildingsnearby.
It makesyou think: how far cansmarttechnologygo?What Forexample,the SerpentineGallery,the building in
gadgetswill be next?Perhapsa fork that knowswhen you've the secondphoto,is certainlyvery interesting,with
had enoughto eat?A coffeemachinethat knowshow tired all its curves,but to me it looksstrangenext to the
you are?A bed that tips you out when you'vehad enough old building.Theydon't reallygo together.
sleep?A robot that dressesyou7 Faris I love herarchitecture.The designsareso original.
Smarttechnologyiscool.And it is often very helpful.But They'revery differentfrom anyother architect
convenienceis not the sameashappiness.And smart I know.I especiallylikeher futuristicbuildingslike
technologyisexpensiveand can be unreliable.So,perhaps, the CulturalCentrein Azerbaijan.Youcanseeit in
beforewe fill our homeswith smarttechnology,we should photo three.It looksjust likesomethingfrom the
ask:will this reallymakemy life better? future.I think she'sthe mostexcitingarchitecttoday.
5.5
Unlt5 1 Amir I comefrom a familyof doctors- my grandfather
wasa doctor,my father'sa doctor and so is my
5.1 older sister.Therewasa lot of pressureon me
Conversation
1 to be a doctor,too. I did very welI in everything
Paul Whendo studentsgraduatefrom university at school.I passedall my examsand got a place
in Singapore? at medicalschool.My parentsweredelighted,
ConnieWell,it depends.Herein Singapore,studentsfinish but I wasn'tsureit wasthe right careerfor me.
their secondaryeducationat 18or 19.Usually,young Then it all went wrong.I failed my first year
women go straightfrom schoolto university,so I exams.It changedmy life completely.It gaveme
guessmostyoung women graduatewhen they're time to think what I wantedto do. In the end,I
about 21 or 22.It'sdifferentfor guys.Theyhaveto do left university,and got ajob asa reporteron a
two yearsof militaryserviceafterschool,so a lot of newspaper.Now,ten yearslater,I'm the editor
young mendon't graduateuntil they are23 or 24. of an internationalbusinessmagazine.It'sa
Conversation
2 greatjob.
Tom Whendo most peoplelearnto drive In the US? 2 Natasha WhenI wasa child my parentstook meto the
Claire Well,It varies.The legalagefor driving Is 15or 16, theatrefor the first time in London.Wesawan
dependingon the state.Nearlyall young peopleget amazingproductionof a play- it wascalled
their driving licencebeforethey go to college.And the ThreeSistersby Anton Chekhov,the famous
I knowsomepeopleactuallyget their licencewhen Russian writer.It wasa realturning point. I was
they'reabout 17and still in school,and then they just 13,but I knew I wantedto be a theatre
driveto schooleveryday. director.I sawas manyplaysas I couldwhile I was
at schooland university.After university,it wasn't
5.2 easyto get work in a theatre,but I hada lucky
Sound1 Id/ lived,opened breaktwo yearsago.I got ajob assistingthe
Sound2 /ti liked,worked directorfor a new playat a big theatre,and It had
Sound3 /1d/ started,visited somegood reviews.It changedeverything.And
I'm now very busyworking asa theatredirector.
5.3
asked moved
changed planned
decided played
enjoyed stayed
finished studied
graduated watched
5.4
Chen I think ZahaHadid'sarchitectureis reallyimpressive.
I sawthe MAXXIMuseumwhen I wason a visit to
Rome.It'sthat building in the first photo.It'sa
very strikingdesign.The minuteyou seeit you
notice how unusualit is.I know it's a very modern
building,but I think it fits in well with alI the
buildingsaroundit
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Unit 6 Hewasonly 900feet from the top. Finally,Malloryand another

memberof the team,AndrewIrvine,tried to climb to the top
6.1 on SthJune1924.Theyset out in good weather.Everything
Lee Howdo you knowSara? wasgoing well.Butsuddenlythingschanged.
Jim We met at university. Theweatherturned.Therewasa terriblesnowstorm.Therest
Lee Oh,yeah?Wereyou on the samecourse? of the teamwent lookingfor their friends,but they couldn't
Jim No,actuallywe met through sport.Anyway,what about seeanything.In thosedaystherewere no mobile phones,
you7Howdid you meetSara? so theydidn't knowwhereto look.Sothey waitedfor the
Lee I knewherat primaryschool. climbersto return.Thestormpassed.Theteamwaitedand
Jim Really? waited.But Malloryand Irvinedid not comeback.
Lee Yeah,we werebestfriends,but then her familymoved It took another75yearsto find Mallory.Hisbody wason the
and we lost contact. sideof Mount Everestat 26,800feet - verycloseto the top.
Jim Sohow did you meetagain? Irvine'sbody hasneverbeenfound.With Mallory'sbody there
Lee Wemet at a party In the summer.Wegot on really weresomepiecesof cloth,a matchboxwith matchesand
well - Justllkebefore. a tin. But he didn't havea camera,sothere areno photosof
Jim That'samazingafterall thoseyears. hisclimb.Today,there isa signon the spotwhereGeorge
Lee Yes,it is.Anyway,what do you do,Jim? Mallorydied.
Jim Oh, I'ma designer.I work for a companyin Abu Dhabi. WereMalloryand Irvinethe first to conquerEverest? Didthey
beatNorgayand Hillaryto the top?It is possible.Sadly,we will
Slideshow- Who reallyconqueredEverest? neverknow.
Mount Everestisthe highestmountainon Earth.It is8,848
metres,or 29,028feet,abovesealevel.It is locatedin the
Mahalangursectionof the Himalayas. Halfof Everestis in Unit7
Nepaland half is in China.
Therearetwo mainclimbingroutes:onefrom the south-east 7.1
andone from the north.ThereIsa signfor new cllmbers.The Firstof all,Kyledoesa trainingsession.I monitorhis
cllmbersset up a basecampat the bottom of the mountain. performance.SometimesI takea videoandsometimesI just
Theywait for good weatherbeforethe climb to the top. watch.At the sametime,I recordthe results.Heruns5,000
Sometimesclimbershaveto wait weeks. metresso I recordhow long 1,000metrestakesandthe
Everestisverydangerousanddifficult to climb.Therearea total time.
lot of snowstorms.Andthere arelots of steepand dangerous I give him feedback.Usually,I am positiveandsaygood
places.Thereisverylittle oxygenandclimbershaveto take thingsto him. ButI alsotell him thingsthat he did wrong,for
oxygentankswith them.Climberssufferfrom the cold example,runningtoo fast or too slowly.ThenI give him some
andexhaustion. suggestionson how to improve,for example,the way he
In the 1920s,peoplebecamevery interestedin mountain moveshisarms.
climbing.Manypeopletried to conquerEverest,but there The lastthing I do is seta targetfor his next run.So,for
weremanyfailures.In thosedays,the climberswerenot example,hislasttime was15minutesand 11seconds,so next
prepared.Theyhadonly verybasicequipmentand clothes. time histargetis 15minutesand 5 seconds.
TheyworewoollenJacketsand trousers. Then Kylethinksabout the feedbackandtargetwhen he runs
However,If we fastforwardto 1953,two climberswere the next race.
successful.TenzingNorgayand EdmundHillaryreachedthe
7.2
summit.Thereis no questionthat they reachedthe top. They
Myfirst point Isabouttargets.In sport peopleneedto have
havephotosto proveit. TenzingNorgayand EdmundHillary
a target Forexample,UsalnBoltIsa targetfor lotsof other
becameheroesall overthe world.Norgaywasfrom Nepaland
runnersbecausehe Isthe fastestrunnerIn the world.A time
Hillarywasfrom NewZealand.
canalsobea target.Forexample,I rana racein two minuteslast
Butwerethey reallythe first to conquerEverest?Or did
week.I wantto run my nexttime in one minuteandSOseconds.
someoneget to the top beforethem?Couldthesefine fellows
Mysecondpoint is aboutteamwork.Manysuccessful runners
havereachedthe summitfirst?Thisphotographis from 1924,
work with a team of professionals,for example,a trainer,
almost30yearsbeforeHillaryandTenzing'ssuccess. Theteam
a doctor and other runners.With the right teamandthe right
membersincludedthreeclimbers:EdwardNorton,Howard
helpan athletecan improvetheir performanceand have
SomervellandGeorgeMallory.Malloryis in the backrow,
lessinjuries.
secondfrom the left.
My third point isabout eatingandsleeping.Theathletes
Whenthey arrivedIn Nepal,the team met the localpeople.
I work with arecarefulabout their diet.Gettingthe right
Theteam startedtheir climb in June1924.Theyput up tents
amountof sleepis important,betweeneight and ten hours
on the sideof the mountain.First,Malloryand Nortonreached
per night whenthey aretraininghard.Youcan'tgo to late-
27,000feet.And Nortonreached28,126feet on hisnext climb.
night partiesor go to bed late.
===1=82==-~
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My next point Isabout learningfrom your mistakes.Athletes b A Kyleran5,000metresIn 20.05yesterday.

can losea gameor makea bad decision.An athleteneedsto B That'svery good.
learnfrom their mistakesand do better next time. A It wasa good time, but hewasdisappointed.
Thisbringsme to my final point, the importanceof being B Why?
mentallystrong.Winninga raceisabout physicalability and A Histarget was 19.50.
training hard.It'salsoabout being mentallystrong.Youshould c A Sotoday isJune28th.
staycalmwhen you areunder pressure. B Yes.
A And we finishedthe first stageyesterday.
7.3 B Yes,the 27'h,
Interviewer Did a lot of internationalstudentsbuy A Whenwas the deadline?
assignmentsfrom the MyMasterwebsite? B July 1st •
Expert Well,actually,not many.Letme giveyou an d A Hey,Dimitri.How'sit going?
example.The KenmoreBusiness Schoolwasone B OK,I guess.ExceptI'vegot five assignmentsthis month.
of the smalleruniversitiesinvolvedin the scandal. The deadlineIsJanuary31st.
Theyonlyfound 15of theirstudentswerecheating, A And today'sthe third.
you know,buyingassignments or essaysfromthe B Yup.And it takesme at leasta weekto do one assignment
websiteandthen usingthem astheir own work.
Mostinternationalstudentsdon't cheat.They're 8.2
brightstudentsand wantto get feedbackon their 1 A Youlook busy,Gina.
ideasandtheir own work.That'show they learn. B Yes,I'm going on holidaynext week.
Interviewer Sowhat action did the universitytaketo punish A Great!Areyou all ready?
the cheats? B No,I'vegot lots to do. I'm going to buy a travel
Expert It varied.Theylookedat eachcaseindividually. guide tomorrow.
Anystudentwho handedin work that wasn't A Howabout a travelapp?
their own automatlcally falledthe assignment.In B No,I'm not going to take my smartphone.I don't want
other words,they got a zeromarkfor the work. to loseIt.
In two moreseriouscases,wherestudentsused A OK.
a lot of assignmentsfrom the MyMasterwebsite, B Then I'm going to packmy suitcase,which alwaystakes
they took very strongaction.Theyexpelled a long time.Oh,I nearlyforgot.Thisafternoon,I'm going
both of them so they had to leavethe university to booka hotel.
without a degree. 2 A Areyou moving housenext week?
Interviewer Areother companiessellingessaysand B Yes,we are.We'regoing to sign the contractvery soon.
assignments? A Brilliant.Isthe housereadyto live in7
Expert I think so.CompanieslikeMyMastercan make B Almost The kitchenisfine, but the living room isn't
a lot of moneysoit's hardto stop them.There readyyet.We'regoing to buy somecarpetstomorrow.
arealwaysa few cheats,you know,students A Areyou going to havecarpetsin the living room?
who arehappyto pay somebodyto write their B The living room and bedrooms.
assignments. A OK.
Interviewer Interesting.Sowhat action areuniversities B And then we'regoing to buy somefurniture.Weneed
takingto stop this type of cheating? a sofaand somechairsfor the living room.
Expert Well,there issomevery good softwarenow. A Soundslikeyou'regoing to be busy.
It can comparethe styleof two essays, and it B Yup.
tells us if the samepersonhaswritten them. 3 A Hi,Marcia.How'sit going?
Thiskind of softwareis improvingall the time. B Prettybusy.I'm movingto Chinanext month.
Universitiesarealsochangingthe type of A I heard.How arethe preparationsgoing?
assignmentsto makeit moredifficult to cheat. B Not bad.Stillsomethings to do. I'm going to learn
someChinese.
A Do you know anyChinese?
Unit8 B Notyet.
A And haveyou got a placeto llve?
8.1
B Not yet. I'm going to find a placewhen I get there.I'm
a A Hi,Carl.
stayingwith friendsfor the first fewweeks.
B Hi.Whattime is the ITtrainingtoday?
A Soundsgood. Howabout yourvisa?
A It startsat threeo'clock.
B I'm going to applythis week.My companyjust sentall
B That'sin five minutes.
the details.
A Yup.And it takesten minutesto get to the trainingroom
A Goodluck.
from here.
B Right.

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8.3 Reasonnumberfour Issklllsharing.AntonioStradivariwasan

a A Jun,couldyou organizesomecoffeefor the break? Italianviolin-makerin the late 17'handearly18111centuries.He
B Sure.ShallI get somebiscuits,too? wasa world-famouscraftsman.Andfor manypeople,he isa
A Goodidea. hero.Hisviolinsmakethe most beautifulsounds,or 'tones'.
b A Hi,Karl.Weneedsomechairsfor the meeting. Whenhe grew old, Stradivaridecidedto sharehisskillswith his
B OK.ShallI get somefrom next door? sons.Hewantedthem to sharehissuccess. Sohe took them
A Yes,please.Mike,couldyou help Karl? to hisworkshopandtaught them everything.Hewantedto
C Actually,I can't.I'm helpingWarrenwith knowthat hisfamily'sviolinswould alwaysbe the best.And
the photocopying. they are!Today,Stradivarius violinsarepriceless.Someof them
A OK. arekept in museums!
c A Wouldyou likeme to makesomehandouts? Reasonnumberfive is teamwork.ThisisWilburand Orville
B Thanks,Kim.Thatwould be great.Couldyou make Wright.TheWright brothersinventedthe first aeroplanes.
about 20copies? Whentheywereverysmall,the brothersgot a toy helicopter
A No problem. asa Christmaspresent.TheylovedIt. Later,they learnedto
makekitesand model planes.Asthey grew up,they built
8.4 biggerand better planes.Theysharedtheir thoughtsand
a Couldyou makesomesandwichesfor the lunchbreak? ideas.Theytalkedaboutthe problemswith the planes,and
b Wouldyou likeme to do a presentation? workedtogetherto makethem better.Theyachievedgreat
c Couldyou tlnd anotherspeaker? thingsby workingasa team.
d Wouldyou likeme to bookthe meetingroom? So- genetics,education,environmentskillsharingand
Slideshow - Superfamilies teamwork.Thosearefive important reasonswhy somefamilies
Weall knowfamiliesthat seemvery lucky.Sometimes, whole aresosuccessful. Now,what other reasonscanyou think of?
familiesbecomerich andfamous!Butwhy aresomefamilies
sosuccessful? Herearefive reasons.
Reasonnumberone isgenetics.Genesarepassedfrom
Unit 9
parentsto children.Theymakeuswho we are.So,if parents 9.1
aretall and strong,soaretheir kids. a A Hello.I bought a carfrom you lastmonth and it's broken
Venusand SerenaWilliamsaretennis-playingsisters.Theyare down severaltimesnow.
both tall.Theyareboth verystrong.And they areboth fast. B I see.I'lljust transferyou to our CustomerService
All thanksto their parents!Andthey'rethe bestIn the world! department Onemoment,please.
Betweenthem,they havemorethan a hundredtrophies! b A HI.ThisIsLeslieFieldingfrom headquarters. I havea
Reasonnumbertwo is education.In 1965,a Hungarianteacher questionabout how manydays'holidayI have.
calledLaszloPolgarhadan idea.Hethought, 'Geniuses are B OK,I'm putting you through to HumanResources. Justa
made,not born.'So,he decidedto teachhisthree daughters moment,please.
- Susan,SofiaandJudit - to playchess.Hewantedto makea c A Goodmorning.I'm callingfrom LFCCommunications.
genius.Togetherwith hiswife Klara,he gavethem a special We'redoing somework in the areatodayandthere may
chesseducation.Theymadeplayingchessseemveryeasy be someproblemswith your internetconnection.
and natural.And they madethe lessonsfun.Theywere B Couldyou hold a moment,please?I'lltransferyou to our
brilliantteachers. ITdepartment.
And Laszlowasright! Hedid makea genius!All the sisters d A Hello?Hi,I'm callingfrom the factoryin Birmingham.
wereverygood, but Judit wasthe best.Whenshewasonly There'sa problemwith one of the machines.
15,she becamean InternationalGrandmaster. Eventually,
she B Right,you need to speakto the Productiondepartment.
reachednumbereight In the world. In her career,she beat 11 Onemoment please.
differentworld champions.And sheshowedthat womencan e A HI,there!I'm callingon behalfof the RichmondGazette.
win in a man'sworld. We'recurrentlyofferingadvertisingspaceat a reduced
Reasonnumberthree is environment- the peopleand rate.CouldI talkto someoneabout advertising,please?
things aroundus.Forexample,if we grow up with music, B Yes,of course.I'lltransferyou to our Salesand
we becomemusical. Marketingdepartment.
ThisisTheJackson5.Theylistenedto musicallthe time - f A Goodafternoon.I'm callingfrom BrightwellsBank.I have
their fatherplayedguitar in a band.Whenthey wereyoung, a questionabouta paymentI madeyesterday. Could
they sang,dancedand playedinstrumentstogether.It was you put me throughto someone,please?
fun!Theywon manytalentshowswith their funkand soul B Of course.I'll put you through to our Finance
music.TheJackson5 had loadsof hits between1969and 1972. departmentnow.
Twoof their songs- 'ABCand'I WantYouBack'- arein the
Rockand RollHallof Fame.And,of course.Michaelbecamean
Internationalpop megastar.
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g A HI,there.My companyhasan Ideathat we think wlll David OK,sothat's£1,500a month ... and how muchdo
interestyou.We believewe couldwork togetherand you spendon rentand bills?
improvethe qualityof your product Who can I speak Camille Um.I spend£600 a month on rent,and about £70
to about this? on bills.
B Well,you needto speakto our Research and David OK,this looksfine sofar.Whataboutfood and drink?
Developmentteam.1'11 transferyou now. Camille Well,I eatout a lot. I think I spendabout £20 a day.
h A Goodafternoon.I'm callingfrom Hartsonand David Really7I And what about clothes?
Hartson,the lawfirm herein NewYork.I'd liketo Camille Hmm.I spenda lot of moneyon clothes.About £100
discussa copyrightissuethat hasarisenconcerning a week.
yourcompany. David Camille!That'scrazy!
B Oh,OK.You'llneedto speakto our Legaldepartment.
Onemoment,please. 9.5
a I'm savingup to buy a car.
9.2 b How muchdo you earn?
a A Goodmorning.Howcan I help? c How muchdo you spendon rent?
B I'd liketo makea complaintabout the tablet I bought d I spend£600 a month on rent.
hereyesterday. The powerbutton doesn'twork.
b A I'd liketo requesta dayoff next week.
B Sure.Justfil I in a requestform online. Unit 10
c A I'mtrying to sendan email,but nothing is happening.
10.1
B I'm reallysorry.There'sa problemwith the server.Weare
a Theaveragesalaryfor a lawyeris £52,000.
trying to repairthe connectionnow.
b Theaveragesalaryfor a bus driveris £22,000.
d A I'd liketo buy 450copiesof your newdictionary. c Theaveragesalaryfor a bankeris£67,000.
B OK.Wecanoffer a discountof 1096for 500copies.
d Theaveragesalaryfor a nurseis £30,000.
e A YourInvoiceshowsthat you owe $350.
e Theaveragesalaryfor a hedgefund manageris£660,000.
B That'sstrange.I'm sureI madea paymentlastweek.
f A Theresultsshowthat a competitorhasusedsomeof Slldeshow -A bad day at the office
our designs. Baddayat the office?Madea mistake? Well,don't worrytoo
B I know.Wearegoing to takelegalaction.It'sagainst much.Weall makethem.Andwe makethe sameonestime
the law. andagain!Herearesome21"'centuryworkplacemistakes. Try
g A Doesthe productionlineeverstop? to avoidthem!
B Yes,the productionline stopsoncea weeksothat we Mistakenumberone is gossipingaboutcolleagues.'Gossiping'
can maintainthe machinery. meanstalking negativelyabout peoplebehindtheir backs.It's
h A Thenew modelof our sportscar looksreallygood. not nice,and it's badfor your future.If you get a reputation
B Yes,they havereallyimprovedthe design.It looksmuch asa gossip,your careerwill suffer.Gossipingby emailis
moremodern. evenmoredangerous.Whatif you accidentally'replyto all'?
Insteadof gossiping,it's alwaysbestto calla meetingandtalk
9.3 problemsoverwith yourcolleagues.
a I'd liketo requesta day off next week.
Mistakenumbertwo. After a bad dayat work,peopleoften
b There'sa problemwith the server.
post on Twitteror Facebook. Butthat'sOK- onlyyourfriends
c Yourinvoiceshowsthat you owe $350.
can readIt Right?Well,be reallycareful- areyou sureyour
d Doesthe productionline everstop?
bosswon't see?It's probablybetterto shareyourthoughts
9.4 with your family.Oryour housemate.Or - safestof all-your
David Areyou alright,camille?Youlookworried. pet dog.
Camille I got a letter from the banktoday.I'm spendingtoo Mistakenumberthree is multitasking.'Multitasking'means
much money! doing morethan one taskat the sametime.Thesedays,
David Oh,dear.Aren'tyou trying to saveat the moment? we often do manythings at once.Forexample,at home,
Camille Yes,I'm savingup to buy a car. you can havea snack,listento music,playa computer
David Well,do you havea budgetplan? gameand messagefriendsall at the sametime.At work,
Camille No.They'retoo difficultto write. multitaskingcan be a good thing. Butdon't overdoit. If you
David No,they'rereallyeasy!Look,we canwrite a planfor try to do too manythingsat the sametime,you won't get
you now. anythingdone properly.
Camille Hmm ... OK. Mistakenumberfour Isa little morecomplicated.Usually, early
David So,how muchdo you earn7 In yourcareer,you haveto do lots of little Jobsthat seemtoo
Camille I get £22,000a year.So,aftertax and National easyfor you.Theyarenot very rewardingandyou feel wasted.
Insurance... I get about £18,000a year. Forexample,your bossasksyou to do somefiling.Youdo it
asquicklyaspossible,without muchcare.But if you do a lazy

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Joband losea file,your bosswlll nevertrust you with more Sean Well,It'stwo hoursby bus.
importantwork.However,if you do the boringjobs well, David Whataboutthe train?
your bosswill be impressed.Maybeyour next taskwill be Sean I'mjust lookingnow.There.It'san hour on the train.
moreinteresting. David Well,that'sa lot better.
So,therewe havethem - four easy-to-make mistakesfrom the Sean Yeah,but look:it's reallyexpensive.
world of work.Theyareimportant,but they arequite small, 3 David So,you want to takethe job, but you don't want to
really.Somemistakesaremuchbigger.And moreexpensive. spenda lot of moneyandtime travelling.
To makeyou feel better,herearethree ofthe most expensive Sean Exactly.
workplacemistakesin history. 4 David So,what areyour options?Youcouldbuy a car.
Thisis RonaldWayne.In 1976,Wayne- alongwith Steve Sean Ha!I can'tafforda car!MaybeI just sayno to the
Jobsand SteveWozniak-foundeda technologycompany job. I can lookfor otherjobs.
calledApple.At the start,Wayneowned 1096of the company. David Well,that'san option,but let'sthink.Youcould
However,after lessthan two weeks,Waynechangedhismind. movehouse,moveto ManchesterI mean?
Hefound JobsandWozniakdifficult.Hedidn't want to work Sean Hmm.Yeah,maybe.
with them.So,he soldhisshareof the companybackto them David Or talkto the boss.Tellheryour situationand see
for just $800. what shesays.
Maybeyou knowthe restof the story ... In its first year, Sean Hmm ...
Apple'ssaleswere $174,000. And that wasjust the start.Today, S Sean I don't want to movehouse.I likeliving here.
afterthe amazing,globalsuccessof productslikethe Apple David Right...
Macandthe iPhone,the companyhasprofitsof around$50 Sean And buying a caristoo expensive...
billioneveryyear.Whoops!PoorRonaldWayne. David So ...
OnJune 101n 2000a newfootbridge- the MillenniumBridge Sean I'll talk to the boss,explainthe problemandsee
- openedin centralLondon.Thedesignwasverymodern what shesays.
andthe bridgecost£18million.Unfortunately, on June 121n, 6 (phoneringing)
somethingwent wrong.Whena lot of peoplewalkedon Boss Hello?
the bridgeat the sametime,it wobbled from sideto side. Sean HI,my nameIsSeanNolan.I hadan Interviewwith
To'wobble' Isto moveunsteadily.It wasn'tdangerous,but you lastweek.
peopleweregetting seasick! Twodaysafter It opened, Boss Ah yes,Sean.Hi,how areyou?
the bridgeclosed.After a few weeksof testing,Arup- the Sean Well,I'vegot a smallproblem,actually.
engineeringcompanythat built the bridge- fixed the Boss Oh?
problemby addingdampersto the structure.It costthem Sean I would reallyliketo takethe job, but it's quitefar
£5 million,but they neverbuilt a wobblyfootbridgeagain. from my homeand I thought ...
Andfinally.In 1999,a team of engineersfrom Lockheadin the 7 David So.Did you speakto her7
UKwereworkingwith NASAin the USAon a spacecraftto Sean Yes.Shewasreallyniceabout it. ShesaidI canwork
orbit Mars.Everythingwent well andthe spacecraftlaunched from hometwo daysa week.
successfully. Unfortunately,
soonafter take-offsomething David Great.
went wrong.Thespacecraftdisappeared. No one could Sean And on the other daysI cancometo work later.
understandwhy. David Brllllant.
Theproblemwasthis- the UKteamworkedin milesfor its Sean Sothe trainsarea lot cheaperat that time of day.
distancecalculations,but the NASAteamalwayswork In David Well,that'sbrilliantnews.
kilometres.Whata simplemistake!Happily,no one wason Sean Thankyou so muchfor allyour help.
boardthe spacecraft.Butthe mistakecost NASA$125 million. David No problem.
Yousee?Evenrocketscientistsmakesillymistakes.
11.2
Friend Hey,Malik.It wasgreatto seeyou on Friday.Thanks
Unit 11 for coming.
Malik Yeah,I hada good time. Buteverythingwent wrong
11.1 at the end.
1 David So,how wasthe interview? Friend Really? Whathappened?
Sean Well,the interviewwasgreat.Theyoffered Malik Well,I told my bossI wasill. I saidI wasin bedand I
me the job. couldn'tcometo work.
David That'sbrilliant.Congratulations! Friend Yes,I know.
Sean Thanks.I reallywant thisjob. Butthere'sa Mallk Buton the waybackfrom your party I sawher In
problem.Theofficeis in Manchester. the street
David Oh,that'squite far,isn'tit? Friend Oh,no! Whathappened?
2 David OK,so how long doesit taketo travel Malik Shewasn'tvery happy.I havea meetingwith
to Manchester? hertomorrow.
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11.3 f To predictstorms,we needa lot of Information.WhatIs

a A Therearen'tenoughtowelsin our room.Youonly gave the airtemperature?Isit hot or is it cold?And how fast is
usone. the wind?In the USA,everyairport in the countrycollects
B I'm sorry.I'll bring you anotherone. this informationeveryfive minutes.Wethen get more
b A Thereis too much milkin my tea.CanI haveanother informationfrom satellites.And we takeall this information
cup,please? and put it into a very big, powerfulcomputer.The
B Certainly.Howmuch mllkwould you like? computerthen predictswherethe stormswill be and how
c A Therearetoo manypeoplehere.I can'tseeanyof strongthey are.
the paintings.
B Yes,there shouldbe a limit on the numberof people. 12.2
Speaker1
d A I'mtrying to read,but thosepeoplearemakingtoo
I'm goingto visitelderlypeopleIn their homesand helpthem
muchnoise.
B Maybeyou shouldsaysomething. with thingsllkewalkingthe dog andgoing to the shopsfor
them. I think giving helpto peoplewho need help isa good
e A Youdidn't give me enoughchange.Youonly gaveme
wayto makea difference.I'm alsogoing to sit andtalk to
two pounds.
B I'm sorry.Here'sthe other pound. them and listento what they haveto say.Theyoften have
interestingstories,so I'll enjoyit, too.
f A Therewere too manychildrenin there.
B I know.I couldn'thearthe film. Speaker2
I think the bestway to makethe world a better placeis to help
the poorestpeoplein the world.So I'm going to donatesome
Unit 12 of my old clothesto a charitycalledOxfam.It'sa charitythat
sellsold clothesand then usesthe moneyto give food and
12.1 shelterto very poor people.
a The Netherlandsis a veryflat countryand in the past
therewerea lot of floods.Butthesedaysthey don't fight Speaker3
water,they livewith It.The Netherlandshassomeof the I think it's reallyimportantto makeother peoplehappy,so I'm
bestwaterengineersIn the world,andthey haveseveral going to smileat everyone!WhenI'm on the busor walking
solutionsto the flooding problem.Perhapsthe simplest alongthe street,I'm goingto smileat everyoneI see.And I
method isto widenthe river.In other words,they makethe think that'sgoing to makethem happy.Who knows,maybe
riverwider so it hasmorespaceto dealwith all the water. they'll evensmileback.
It's not a perfectsolutionbecauseit meansmovingpeople Speaker4
from their homes.Butit issuccessful. I think the big problemwith mytown is that it's reallyugly.
b It's not possibleto preventa drought,but we can prepare SoI'm going to plant flowersand makeeverythingbeautiful.
for it by havingmoredrinkingwater.Onewayto do this Tomorrow,I'm going to plantseedsby the sideof the road.
is throughdesalination. Thismeanswe collectseawater SoIn a few weeksthere aregoing to be flowerseverywhere.
and removethe salt from it. Without the salt,we can drink And the world will be a better placebecauseIt'sgoing to be
the water.SaudiArabiausesthis methodto get 7096of lessugly.
its water.
c Manypeoplebelievethat animalscan predictearthquakes.
Slideshow- Savethe blobfish
Sincethe startof the 1911, century,humanshavemadeamazing
Theythinkthat animalsaremore sensitiveto movements
advancesin agriculture,technologyand medicine.Asa result,
In the ground.And now,a city In ChinaIsusingdogsto
the global populationgrewfrom one billion in 1800to seven
predictearthquakes. Officialsin the city of Nanchang
billion in 2012.And it's still growing.Humansarethe most
keepa group of dogs,andthey watchthem for unusual
successful speciesin history.Butat what cost?
behaviour.
Scientistsestimatethat between150and 200plant,insect,
d Earthquakes happenveryquicklyand it's difficultto
bird or mammalspeciesdie out everyday.Everyday!Why?
preparefor them. Butin Japan,they havethe bestwarning
Well,the mainreasonIsbecausehumanactivitydestroys
systemsin the world.Whentheir onlinesystemdetects
habitats.A 'habitat'Isa placewherea livingthing llves.
an earthquake,it immediatelysendswarningmessages to
How?Thebiggestproblemis clearingforestsfor agriculture.
people'smobile phonesand theirlVs. Usually,this isonly
Butmining,loggingandtrawlingthe oceansall havea serious
a few secondsor a minute beforethe earthquakehits,but
impact on naturalhabitats,too.
that is time for peopleto prepareand takeshelter.Theycan
Mostpeopleagreethat,asthe mostsuccessful specieson
stoptheir cars,get out of an elevatoror get undertables
Earth,we humansshouldprotectendangeredspecies- that is,
or desks.
speciesthat areat riskof dyingout.Globalorganizations raise
e Howdo you preventbig avalanches? Well,oneway Isby
startingsmallavalanches. Theideais that we clearthe awareness aboutendangeredspecies. Theyraisemoneyto
fundtheir protection.And theyoften run advertisingcampaigns
snowwith a little avalancheso it doesn'tbuild up and
on iv, radio,onlineand in newspapers. Weoften seeadverts
becomedangerous.In Canada,for example,they drop
aboutendangeredtigers,rhinos,elephantsandwhales.
bombsfrom helicoptersto startsmallavalanches.
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Advertsrarelyfocuson endangeredfrogs,toadsor snakes.

Andwe almostneverhearanythingabout endangered
plantsor fish.Forexample,haveyou everseenan advert
campaigningto savethe blobfish?No?Whyis that?
Well,usually,the mostsuccessful campaignsfeatureanimals
that arecute,beautifulor behavea bit like humans.Or,
preferably,all three.That'sbecausecuddly,human-like
creaturesareeasierto relateto.Thinkabout it How many
videogameor cartooncharacterscanyou think of that are
bears?Loads!And,how aboutfish?Not many,are there?
Let'sthinkabout the giant panda- a verywell-known
endangeredspecies.Pandasareveryeasyto recognize. They
havelarge,blackpatchesaroundtheir eyes,overtheir ears
andaroundtheir bodies.Andthey tick all the boxesthat make
them popularwith people.Human-like? Yes.Beautiful?Very.
Cute?Extremely. As a result,giant pandashavebecomea
globalsymbolof conservation.
Overseveraldecades,conservationcharitieshavespenthuge
amountsof moneyprotectingareasof forestfor them.And
manyzooshaveinvestedin expensivebreedingprogrammes.
Someexpertsthink we spendtoo muchmoneyon pandas
andother well-known,attractivespecies.Theysayit's a waste
of resources.Theyarguewe shouldspendthe moneyon less
well-knownanimals,insectsand plantsinstead.
However,there isanotherargument If we protectthe areas
wherewelI-knownspeciesllve,we alsoprotect lotsof other
species.Wecreatean umbrellaof protection.Forexample,
the giant pandasharesits habitatin the Chineseforestwith
the red panda,goldenmonkeysand lots of other birds,frogs,
lizardsand toadsthat arefound nowhereelsein the world.
Byprotectingthe giant panda'shabitat,we protectallthose
other species,too.
Habitatdestructionis a hugeglobal problem,andendangered
speciesneedprotection.So,what will you do to help?Will
you campaignto savethe purplepig-nosedfrog?Not too
attractive,really.But theyareveryrareand needprotection.
Or will you sponsora proboscismonkey?Theyhavehuge,
fleshynoses.They'requite ugly,to most humaneyes.Butthey
needhelp,too.Overthe last40 years,their numbershave
decreasedrapldly.
Orwill you help raiseawareness about the Mexicanaxolotl?
Somepeoplethink they'recute.Otherpeoplethink they
lookweird.Eitherway,their habitatisdisappearingandtheir
numbersaredecreasingveryfast.
Humansarethe mostsuccessful, intelligentspeciesin the
world (we liketo think ...). And yet,asour successcontinues,
other speciessufferfrom our actions.We havea duty to care
for them andtheir habitats.And remember,it's not only the
cute andcuddlycreaturesthat needour love.
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English for the 21st Century • Transcripts W/////////,W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
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Word I Section I Wordtype Word I Sactton IWordtype

Unit1 hairstyle C noun
honour A noun
anniversary B noun humorous C adjective
April A noun
article C noun Jee A noun
artisan C noun Independence A noun
arts B noun Injuries C noun
August A noun inspirational B adjective
interview B verb
before B adverb invite A verb
building A noun
burn C verb January A noun
July A noun
cardboard C noun June A noun
career B noun
carpenter C noun last A determiner
celebrate A verb launch B noun
celebrity C noun
March A noun
client B noun
massive A adjective
colourful A adjecuve
material C noun
concept B noun
May A noun
construction C noun
midnight C noun
corporate B adjecuve
minutes C noun
cost C verb
costume A noun neighbourhood C noun
crowd C noun ninth {9111) A ordinalnumber
November A noun
date A noun
December A noun October A noun
decoration B noun
0t) depends B verb parade A noun
display A noun patriotic A adjective
dressmaker C noun play A noun
during B preposition polltlclan C noun
popular C adjective
eighth (81t1) A ordinalnumber powerful C adjective
event A noun prepare B verb
eyefor detail B phrase private B adjective
product B noun
fantastic A adjective
pumpkin A noun
favourite A adjective
put out (fires) C verb
February A noun
fifth (5"') A ordinalnumber raisemoney C phrase
figure A noun
firecracker C noun sculpture A noun
firework A noun second(2nd) A ordinalnumber
first (1st) A ordinalnumber September A noun
flag A noun seton fire C phrase
flammable C adjective seventh(7th) A ordinalnumber
folk A adjective sixth(6111) A ordinalnumber
fourth (4•") A ordinalnumber smoothly B adverb
snow A noun
gather A verb sociallife B noun
generation C noun specialize B verb
spectacular A adjective
spend B verb
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,W///////////////~ Englishfor the 21• Century • Word list «189

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Word I Section I Wordtype Word I Sectron I Wordtype
strong C adjective salad B noun

swap A verb session A noun
symbolize C verb socialnetworking B noun
sound B verb
takeplace A verb stickynotes A noun
tenth (101h) A ordinalnumber
thanksgiving A noun tournament A noun
third (3rd) A ordinalnumber
together C adverb various A adjective
tradition A noun
treat C verb Unit 3
turkey A noun
account A noun
typical A adjective
alert B noun
update C verb amount A noun
app (application) B noun
variety B noun
Venezuela B noun bag C noun
venue B noun bar C noun
batterylife A noun
wave A verb blockout A vero
wear A verb blog C noun
wedding B noun brand C noun
winter B noun bright A adjective
wood C noun
cable A noun
charge A verb
Unit 2 compact A adjective
another A determiner consumer C noun
contract A noun
barbecue B noun
book A vero damage A verb
busy B adjective detail A noun
ceremony B noun evaluate C verb
chemistry B noun
clarify A verb feature A noun
fewer C adjective
flip chart A noun flashdrive A noun
fly B vero folding A adjective
function B noun
get married B phrase
graduation B noun glance B noun
goal A noun
layout A noun
hairdryer C noun
match B verb handbag C noun
maybe A advert, headphones A noun
noticeboard A noun heartrate B noun
participants A noun immediately C adverb

picnic A noun improve B verb
prize A noun intend C verb
quiz A noun laser A noun

less C pronoun
record A verb
rent A verb memorystick A noun
metallic A adjective
st
190» English for the 21 Century • Word list W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n,,,,,,,,,,///////////////////////////////.
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model A noun comfy(comfortable) A adjective
monitor B noun connection A noun
motivation C noun cosy A adjective
nearby C adjective debit card B noun
notice B verb deep A adjective
desk A noun
option B noun drawer A noun
outside A adverb
furniture A noun
phablet B noun
pocket A noun natural A adjective
portable A adjective
power A noun overthere B adverb
range B noun proposal A noun
responsive A adjective qualitative B adjective
review B noun quantitative B adjective
rival B noun
robust A adjective
screen A noun
sharp B adjective shelf A noun
shoes C noun solution A noun
shoppingmall C noun storage A noun
shower A verb suitable A adjective
showroomer C noun supply A verb
silver A adjective
slim A adjective toilet A noun
snorkelling A noun try on B verb
stylish A adjecuve washbasin A noun
sunlight A noun width A noun
surf A verb
track A verb Unit5
tracker A noun academic B adjective
versatile A adjective achievement B noun
adapt B verb
waterproof A adjective admire C verb
webroomer C noun ago B adverb
while C conjunction amazing C adjective
wide A adjective ambition C noun
wrist A noun architect C noun
architecture C noun
Unit4 award C noun
adjustable A adjective beautiful C adjective
available A adjective
Canada B noun
bookcase A noun chronological B adjective
bookshelf A noun commission C noun
branch A noun
budget A noun degree B noun
delighted C adjective
chair A noun disappointment C noun
changingroom B noun
chestof drawers A noun expect A verb
export C noun
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,W///////////////~ Englishfor the 21• Century • Word list «191

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

fail A verb encourage B mt,
flute B noun
futuristic C adjective flat A noun
get a driving llcence A phrase Interrogation B noun

get aJob A phrase keepup to date B phrase
give up C verb
graduate A verb lifestyle A noun
guy A noun
rapidly A adverb
havea baby A phrase rebulld A verb
high school B noun reduced A adjective
relaxed B adjective
Identify C verb
Impressive C adjective silent B adjective
lndlvlduallstlc A adjective smile B verb
standardof living A phrase
Lebanon C noun
well off A adjective
militaryservice A noun
mining B noun
Unit7
nearlyall A adverb
achiever A noun
noone A pronoun
admit C verb
payment C noun advantage B noun
placement B noun aim A noun
predictable A adjective assignment C noun
presentation B noun athlete B noun
primary A adjective athletics C noun
profile C noun automatically C adverb
regular B adjective backhand B noun

retire A verb ban C noun
secondary A adjective calm B adjective

sequence C noun careful B adjective
state A noun cheat C verb
strange C adjective coach A noun
striking C adjective
drug C noun
valuable B adjective
emotion B noun
vary A verb
equal C adjective
visual B noun
ethical C adjective
wealthy C adjective expel C verb
win B verb
fare C noun
filing B noun
Unit 6 fitness B noun
abroad A adverb forehand B noun
airconditioning A noun freestyle C noun
betteroff A phrase geography A noun

bullet A noun get caught C verb
grade A noun
drama B noun guide B noun
===1=92=--»
Century • Word list W////////////U///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,,✓,
~lliill W///////////////////////////////////////hW////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

guitar A noun unfair C adjective
gymnast B noun unlucky C adjective
hand in C verb weak A adjective
heat A noun
high bar B noun Unit8
history A noun
ahead A preposition
illegal C adjective annoying B adjective
investigation C noun
behind A preposition
lazy C adjecdve
limit C noun carpet A noun
litter C noun deadline A noun
lose A verb disappointed A adjective
medallist B noun honeymoon A noun
mentally B adverb
mistake B noun kitchen A noun
moment C noun
muscle B noun living room A noun
must B verb next door B noun
pass A verb novel A noun
performance A noun photocopy B verb
personaltrainer C noun
physical B adjecmte schedule A noun
pressure B noun sign A verb
previous A adjective suit A noun
progress B noun suitcase A noun
punish C verb
visa A noun
quarter-final A noun volunteer B verb
race A noun
recently A adverb Unit 9
replace B verb annual A adjective
reputation C noun arise A verb
result A noun
(at) risk B noun bill C noun
bonus C noun
scandal C noun breakdown A verb
score A verb button A noun
semi-final(semi) A noun
setup C verb case B noun
shooting A noun cash C noun
software C noun category C noun
solo B adverb complaint A noun
sprint A verb copyright A noun
stomach B noun countryside B noun
storm B noun currently B adverb
submit C verb deduction C noun
swing B verb discount A noun
target A noun
tough B adjective
employ A verb
engineer B noun
twin B noun environment B noun
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,W///////////////~ Englishfor the 21• Century• Word list «193
W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

exchange C noun fair A adjective
expenses C noun
hedgefund A noun
found A verb
minimum A adjective
gross C adjective
petroleum B noun
headquarters A noun poverty A noun
income C noun refinery B noun
instead B adverb
invoice A noun SaudiArabia B noun
Issue A noun stuntmen A noun
lawyer A noun TheNetherlands B noun

legal A adjective well B noun
machinery A noun worth A adjective
maintain A verb
murder B noun Unit 11
NationalInsurance C noun afford A verb
net C adjective
balance B noun
on behalfof A phrase Bangladesh C noun
outgoings C noun belt C noun
overtime C noun benefit A noun
owe A verb borrow C verb
payslip C noun challenge B noun

permanent B adjective
economics C noun
productionline A noun
enough B adverb/determiner
put (you)through A phrase
explore A verb
repair A verb
face B verb
revenue A noun
far B adjective
salary C noun fresh B adjective
Salesand Marketing A noun fridge B noun
saveup C verb
gunman C noun
server A noun
structure A noun hope C noun
tax C noun jump B verb
temp B noun junk B noun
temporary B adjective
top-down A adjective ladder B noun
transfer A verb lend C verb
truckdriver B noun loud B adjective
unemployed C adjective master's(degree) C noun

movement C noun
Unit 10 outcome A noun
average A adjective Pakistan C noun
peace C noun
barrel B noun
plant C verb
deserve A verb
refugee C noun
drill B verb
st
194» English for the 21 Century • Word list W////////////Q/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.
~lliill W///////////////////////////////////////hW////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

scholarship C noun satellite A noun
seed C noun sensitive A adjective
select A verb shelter A noun
shift A noun steal A verb
shortage B noun
solve A verb tsunami A noun
speech C noun typhoon A noun
sweet B adjective ugly B adjective
Syrian C adjemve
volcano A noun
towel B noun
wallet A noun
unemployment C noun wildfire A noun
user C noun
weapon C noun
winner C noun
Unit 12
avalanche A noun
avoid B verb
bomb A noun
charity B noun
confidence B noun
conflict B noun
desalination A noun
disaster A noun
dog A noun
donate B verb
drop B verb
drought A noun
duty C noun
earthquake A noun
elderly B adjective
endangered B adjective
flood A noun
flowers B noun
ground A noun
helicopter A noun
imported B adjemve
lorry B noun
minimize A verb
predict A verb
prevent A verb
rest B noun
W//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////,W///////////////~ Englishfor the 21• Century• Word list «.:::~=95====

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Photograph of Fallesin day1ime, iStock.com/l<arcl Km:lawslci Pagafl8: Photograph of Tokyosubwly,iStodc.com/aluxum
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C21is a five-levelskill-and task-basedcoursedesignedto preparethe 21st centurylearnerto useEngUsheffectivelyin
socia~educationaland professionalcontexts.C21is a uniqueresearch-based programmethat hasbeendevelopedin line
with the latesteducationaltrendsand strategies.Theseinclude:
~ a strongfocuson independentlearning,whileat the sametime activelyhighlightingthe centralroleof
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~ essential21st centuryskillshighlightedin the 21st centuryframework,includingthoserelatedto communication,
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t> sklU-andtask-basedcourse t> Idealfor studentswishingto Improvetheir
l> targetedspecificallyat collegeand universitystudents performancein internationalbenchmarkand
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t> contextsandcontentthat caterfor globalcitizensof
the 21"'century l> ongoingassessmentandprogresstests
t> low-levelentrypoint t> fully interactivecoursebookand
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visit
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2nd Edition

ENGLISHFORTHE 21st CENTURY

Level 2 Course Book

-'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////#///////////////// Englishfor the 2111 Century• Contents «.:::~===

Unit lessons I Vocabulary I Grammar

A Creativecollaboration Typesof communityevents Suggestions(A29)

Progresstest Units 1 & 2, pages38-39

A Choosing furniture Furniture(A56-57) Superlativeadjectives

A Changesovertime Citylife (A82-83} Pastsimple:Negativesand

====4:::-,»English for the 21st Century • Book map W////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////ll

Pronunciation I Languageskills IC21 skills

Listeningfor order (A29)

Weak-er ending (B46) Listeningto matchdescriptionswith pictures

Reading:Readingfor detail (A57) Criticalthinking:Criteria(62)

Pronunciationof -ed Reading: Readingto orderevents (870) Lifeslcllla:

Reading:Readingto find true/falseinformation(A82) Communication: Givingyourself

~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.#/////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century• Book map «.:::~===

A High achievers Performance

A Timingandplans Deadlinesandschedules begoinglo (A1t0)

Progresstest Units7 & 8, pages116-117

A Howmuch are Incomeandsalarles Wh- questions:Review

Progresstest Units 9 & 10, pages142-143

Progresstest Units11& 12, pages168-169

Reading: Readingfor specificinformation (A94) CrHtlvlty:Organizinginformation

wouldand could(8112) Speaking:Talkingabout schedules, deadlinesand targets Lifeslcltls:

Speaking& Listening: Incomesand salaries(A134) Studyskills:Wordrelationships{141)

Ustenlng:Listeningto completea diagram(A146-147) Criticalthinking:

Reading& Speaking: Predicting,preventingand preparing Criticalthinking:

~///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.#/////////////// Englishfor the 21st Century • Book map «.:::!===

Welcome to C21 English for the 21st Century

Everyunit openerfeaturesa uniqueQRcode Unkedto Ouizlet.

~] Vocabulary Grammar Reading Iconsare usedto visually

====8:::,» Englishfor the 21st Century • UsingC21 ~W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n.

Learningpoint for the section

0 Pr_.,a........,..i-;,,go,g1>1koy.-1Smyovt-ly - Asks you to give your opinions.

Support for your learning

h,o/nfto RaplJlngto a bu1IMU em1II Whenwe askquestionsthat beginwith

GrammerFocus Expression Focus PronunciationFocus

W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M Englishfor the 21111Century• UsingC21 «.:::~====

C21skills areaand sub-skill

Youstudy photosfrom each slideshowto predictwhat the

===1=0::..~ Englishfor the 21st Century • UsingC21 ~W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////n.

r·t 1 "'7 class,so thereare alsoquestionsthat askyou to think

W/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.M Englishfor the 21111Century• UsingC21 «.:::~====

Englishfor the 21"'Century• Unit 1

.Q,,i Whattstheevent Inthephoto?

Languageskills Vocabulary Grammar

Englishfor the 21st Century• Unit 1 «-:::1=3==

===1=4:::,»English for the 21st Century • Unit 1 ////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

a typical of things in the past

0) Whichof the festivalsin 1wouldyouIlkato take partin? Giveyourreasons.

c Do you lovefolkmusic? Do you love to

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 1 «.:::~====

c CanadianThanksgivingDay 5"'Januaryto end February

e The HarbinIceand SnowFestival,China the secondMondayin October

===1=6:::,»English for the 21st Century • Unit 1 ////////////////////#/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////.

anniversary parties arts festivals

fJ In pairs.PeteHansonisan eventplannerat Kaslma.Discussthesepoints.

c His team _________________ _

d Beforeevents,he works _________________ _

a Peoplewho do well in event planning are _________________ _

W///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////M En9lishfor the 21111Century• Unit 1 «.:::~====

Present simple with do and does