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Whene is Japarl?
Japan lies off the east coast of Asia in the pacific
ocean.
Its nearest neighbours are Russia, North Korea,
Korea and China.
South so

the map of Japan

I. 9ol:r,
+ the sea areas
on this sheer as foilows:/oprtI o6+al\
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-
and the lake in blue L-' 'l 'ltr

O the highland inbrotan

t the lowland in green
] the six cities inred.
b Complete the key for the map.
a
+ OI print the
O *"^T:p _carefully
the two sea llmg, of the fo[owing:oR NR
areas - the pacific Ocean and OIY A 3€P4AAT6
the Sea of Japan 3tsleeT
I the two volcanoes - Mount Fuji and Mount
Unzen
O the four main islands - Hokkaido, Honshu,
Shikoku and Kyushu J-
six cities - Osal<a, Tolry.o, Kobe, Nagis;ki]
Hiroshima and Yokohama.

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Low LANA

a Ucl-k.e'+N a_AS_.
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200 km
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Dubai Gem Private School

Living in Japan
Reference: KS3 Geographical Enguiry Book 1

New Key Geography lnteradions Text

New Key Geography lnteractions Teaches Resource Book.

Group Activity: Research using your device, Glass work
Fill in the blanke
1. The Japanese name forJapan is ...... or .....-
which means sun origin.
2. Japan is lmated about .........km off the coast of Africa.

4. Japan's capitalcity...... .,." is also the largest city.

distance across the Sea of Japan are North and South

6. The nearest land to the Eastis..... ..... in USA.

7. Thefirst man - made island of ...... ......was created in 1173.
8. Japan sits along the ... -.. of ......... so
has many earthquakes and volcanoes.

Answer the following queatione:

1. Define the tenns: Megalopolis Archipelago Umetatchi

2. Complete the outline map of Japan given.

3. V/hy is Japan creating more space through umetatchi?

ReFgl(4. How have the Japanese people adapted to lack of living space? Give one example.
NERqj 5. Describe the design of Japan's urban cities. Give one example.
sHeeT(.
i.,'.,:.-..i.l,,?,...',.:..,.,;.:.'1...-..:..:.;:.j.,.,,..,;,l;...
 A lack of living space in urban Japan
Flats and apartments
One way of overcoming the problem of space in
Japan is, of course, to build upwards. Many
families live in high-rise apartment blocks like
those shown in the photographs. They can be
very small but most will contain at least one
bedroom, a small kitchen and living area and a
bathroom. Many will also have a balcony. Family
homes are generally more spacious than an
apartment and are nearly always detached.
However, they are very often built very close
together with only small gaps between them.
Gardens are likely to be small, if indeed there is
one. Domestic appliances such as washing
machines, tumble-dryers, freezers and boilers are
often located outside the home and on balconies
because there is insufficient space inside.
Multi-layered parking
Residential areas often have multi-layered car-
parking facilities as a means of saving space. This
allows for double the storage. The same also
applies for bikes. To help maximise the number of
bikes that can be stored in any one location,
Japan often uses multi-layered bike racks. These
types of bike sheds are common near train
stations, especially as many people cycle there
before catching the train to work and school, etc.
There is occasionally a smallfee for using the
storage system, but bikes will be well looked after.
You could ask pupils how they think bikes are
elevated to the top layer.
High-rise buildings
Skyscrapers are perhaps the most obvious way of
overcoming the problems of congestion. Most
cities in Japan will have high-rise buildings in the
city centre and they are frequenfly torn down and
replaced with modern, even more efficient
equivalents. All new skyscrapers are built to strict
guidelines and have to incorporate earthquake-
proof measures. As technology advances, the
height of the buildings keeps increasing and the
shape of buildings becomes ever more inventive.
Transport sysfems
As a way of saving space regarding transport,
many cities now boast multi-layered infrastructure
networks. Sometimes, the train lines also run
through buildings and go underground as well.
'Bullet' train tracks run separately to regular train
tracks. This helps ensure the smooth running of
the bullet trains and that they are never slowed
down by the regular localtrains. Japan also has
an extensive underground network to help people
travel around.
Roof space
Every spare inch of land is used in Japanese
cities and roofs are commonly used for all-
weather sports pitches. Most department stores in
Japan will have either a rooftop garden, or an
outdoor recreational facility, whether it be a
restaurant or a sports pitch.
U nde rground shopping centres
A clever method of saving space has been to
develop a network of underground shopping
centres in Japan. Nagoya has a particularly large
and impressive network of underground shops,
ranging from supermarkets to clothes shops.
Tunnels
As Japan is so mountainous, many tunnels have
had to be cut through the sides of mountains to
make way for the ever-increasing desire for better
infrastructrrre networ.ks. ln times gone by, crossing
from the Pacific side of Japan to the Japan Sea
side was a timely process, with few practical
options available other than sea. The mountains
made it near impossible for roads to be
constructed. By creating a network of tunnels,
both major roads and rail lines now connect towns
and cities on both sides of the country.
Rush hour
Rush hour in Japan, like any other country, is a busy
time on the roads, trains and underground. Shinjuku
Station in central Tokyo sees at least two million
commuters pass through one of the sixty exits each
day. lt's a confusing place and very easy to become
lost! During peak hours, guards are employed to
help push people onto the trains and underground
carriages to help keep the traffic moving.
Urban sprawl
Building work takes place on any available flat
land in Japan. lt only stops when the land
becomes too mountainous or gives way to the
sea. Around 70% of Japan's population live on
30% of the available land space, so every spare
inch is used.
 gte t 7 &ea&ea.p
&"&a Japan, a developed I$EW KEV GEoGRApg"cV lnteroctions pages t t Z_t ti

wllat ane Japan's main physiea[ featun"es?

on Tuesday l7 January 1995, an earthquake hit the Japanese city of Kobe.

+ Work with a partner or in a small group. Read through all the

statements on ActM[y Sheets 6.6b a.u;rJ {. .r".

+c sort the statements into three categories by shading them as follows:

causes of earthquakesinyellow
3 effects of earthquakes in red
O human response to earthquakes in green.

Now elassify your statements by r,witing them out under the

appropriate headings in a large copy of this table.

Causes of earthquake Effects of the eafthquake Human response

Why did the earthquake Effects on people: Strategies to educate the populatiorr
happen? about eafthquakes:

Strategies to deal with the

immediate bffects of an earthquake:

What was its strength and Effects on Kobe:

why was it so powerful? Strategies to improve transport links:

Strategies to improve buildings in Kobe:

Strategies to prediA future earthquakes:

$ Wri," a detaited repoft about the l99S Kobe

earthquake. You should write about:
s Find out more about the Kobe earthquake by
O why earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
1 why the effects of the earthquake were so
very bad
3 the human response and whyyou think
particular strategies were used
O the strategies you think are most effective
in saving lives, and why.
Good presentation of your work is imporlant
so, if possible, and using all your information,
use a word-processing program to draft and
redraft vour work. You will need to think ahorrr
using a search engine on the internet and
then browsing through the sites identified.
Alternatively you can use the weblinks
provided on the Key Geography website:
wrarw. nelsonthomes. c om/keygeography
What suggestions would you make for a city
of a similar size to Kobe so that any future
earth-quake would have a less disastrous
effect?
 iGeasc !7 .&ee&PAPHV
KEV GE@GRAPHV lnteractions pages 112-l l':

What are Japaffi'S mta[m physEe&l f,eatunes?

w, have two fire St<yicrapers are now built to sway during
l--; drills and two earthquake drills each year. an eafthquake, but not collaPse.

Main highways have been As the plates move past each othe6 paft
t\
64-+6
improved and strengthened. 11 -) of the earth's crust is pushed downwards
friction and earth tremors.
OlOer nriOges and several highways collapsed
including 500 rnetres of the elevated Hanshin
Expressway, even though it had been built to l- nottteO water, emergency food, torcl
3 --+ withstand earthquakes of magnitude 8.5. lradio and fire extinguishers.

People are advised. not to P-eoFi#re now advised to switch off electrical
l+ store things on high shelves. lq --+ appliances and gas ovens during an eafthquake.

-+ Scientists use instruments to measure

earth movements. They maY be able JO ****
Cas pipes fractured and broke and
over 150 fires raged out of control.
5rv to predict future earthquakes.
H'rghly trained rescue teams reached
.Ll *"-*l the disaster areas within minutes'
h= _\ lthe rules for building safe luildings.J
apanlies at ftle boundarfif tl,'eeErnt plare
ffil A} **+ It is located where the Pacific and Philippines
Plates move towards the Eurasiain Plate.
1 =-+ had no waten

Helicopters were used to transport Shipping is disru

I **+ rescuers and evacuate the injured. .}.} ****+ for many months.

costs could be bll-trained fire crews quickly brough

as much as $'l 00.b.illion. several hqge fires under control.
? -
9Y.aLqd.- . ',
t
Ate r_!lai[-s F_EF! -4
t/_

r6 deVeioired arec[s and L'oiiapsed. supplies were cut off.

Electricity wires were torn One main zone of earthquake activity

u down and caused fires. J.6 *-.-.+ lies along the east coast of JaPan.

ggS the plates

Normally tfre rnovement is slight but in t1995 Desplte puUtic awareness and trainir
became jammed and built up enormous pressurb' When panic and chaos was widesPread.
lX *-; pressure is released there is a rnajor earthquake.
*}-Y ln homes, ceilings fetl

13 *-*-r
The earthquake measuredT.2 on the Richter
scale, and was Japan's wonst for 5O yeans. )8 **+ down and doors jammet

Falling bricks and flYing

glass injured PeoPle.

llh " *
survivors were
under rubble and fallen debris.
;q **","+
lcaused by buildings collaPsir

. lfood,
iorch, first-aid kit, radio and protective fireproof
lEc,arts .raaked. bridpes fell and
I

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