UNIT 5 LESSON 3

DESIGN OF SQUARE FOOTING SUBJECTED TO BENDNG

A spread footing supports a 350mmx350mm column carrying a dead load of 300

kN and a live load of 500 kN. The footing is subjected to an axial moment produced
by the effect of dead load, live and earthquake. The unfactored moments are
tabulated below:
MDx = 50 kN.m MLx = 60 kN.m MEx = 36 kN.m
MDy = 30 kN.m MLy = 50 kN.m MEy = 29 kN.m
Thickness of footing is 460 mm with an effective depth of 360 mm. The bottom of
the footing is 1.20 m below the ground surface. Unit weight of soil = 15.7 kN/m 3,
concrete weighs 23.5 kN/m3. Use 2010 NSCP Specs. fc’ = 20.7MPa fy = 414MPa

va =

1) Which of the following gives the dimension of the spread footing?

2) Which of the following gives the punching stress at the critical section?
3) Which of the following gives the number of 20 mm ø reinforcing bars in both
ways for the footing

Solution:
1) Dimension of the spread footing
P = 300 + 500 P = 800 kN
Mx = 50 + 60 + 36 Mx = 146 kN.m
My = 30 + 50 + 29 My = 109 kN.m
L=b=d

fA = + + fA = + +
Effective stress:
qe = 300 – 0.74 (15.7) – 0.46 (23.5)
qe = 277.57 kPa
Try L = 2.3 m

( ) ( )
fA = + + fA = + +
( . ) ( . ) ( . )

fA = 276.98 < 277.57 kPa ok

Use L = 2.3 m
2. Punching Stress:
PU = 1.4 PD + 1.7 PL = 1.4 (300) + 1.7 (500)
PU = 1270 kN

MUX = 0.75 (1.4MDx + 1.7MLx + 1.87MEx)

MUX = 0.75 [1.4(50) + 1.7(60) + 1.87(36)]
MUX = 179.49 kN.m

MUX = 1.4MD + 1.7ML

MUX = 1.4(50) + 1.7(60)
MUX = 172 kN.m

Use MUX = 179.49 kN.m

MUy = 0.75 (1.4MDy + 1.7MLy + 1.87MEy)

MUy = 0.75 [1.4(30) + 1.7(50) + 1.87(29)]
MUy = 135.9 kN.m

MUy = 1.4(30) + 1.7(50)

MUy = 127 kN.m

Use MUy = 135.9 kN.m

fA = + -
( . ) ( . )
fA = + -
( . ) ( . ) ( . )
fA = 261.57 𝑘𝑃𝑎
 ( . ) ( . )
fB = + +
( . ) ( . ) ( . )
fB = 395.61 𝑘𝑃𝑎

( . ) ( . )
fC = - +
( . ) ( . ) ( . )
fC = 218.58 𝑘𝑃𝑎

( . ) ( . )
fD = - -
( . ) ( . ) ( . )
fD = 84.55 𝑘𝑃𝑎

Average soil pressure at the center:

. . . .
qU=

qU= 240.08 kPa 0.350 + 2(d/2) = 0.710 m

VU = PU - qU(0.710)2
VU = 1270 – 240.08(0.710)2
VU = 1148.98 kN

. √ .
vP = = va = = = 1.52 MPa
∅ . ( )( )( )

vP = 1.32 MPa < 1.52 MPa safe

3. Steel requirements
Consider 1 meter strip
.
MU = 395.61(0.975) (1) ( )
MU = 188 x 106 N.mm

MU = ∅𝑓𝑐 𝑏𝑑 𝜔(1 − 0.59𝜔)

188 x 106 = 0.90(20.7) (1000) (360)2 𝜔 (1- 0.59 𝜔)

0.077 = 𝜔 (1 − 0.59𝜔)
𝜔2 – 1.69 𝜔 + 0.131 = 0
𝜔 = 0.81
critical section for moment:
2.3/2 – 0.35/2 = 0.975 m
 . ( . )
𝜌= =

𝜌 =0.0041

, .
𝜌min = = 𝜌min = 0.00338

Use 𝜌 =0.0041

AS = 𝜌bd = 0.0041(1000) (360)

AS = 1476 mm2
Using 20 mm ∅ bars:
1000
(20) 2 𝑆
= 1476

S = 212.85 mm o.c. say S = 210 mm o.c.

Number of bars:

N= +1

N = 11.95 say 12 bars