LESSON 1: Communication Processes, Principles, and Ethics Uses of non-verbal communication:

Used to repeat the verbal message,

COMMUNICATION Often used to accent a verbal message.
"with", munus which means "a business", communis which means "common" Often complements the verbal message but may also contradict.
and communico which means "to confer". Regulate interactions.
-It is therefore defined as the process of accomplishing a goal May substitute for the verbal message, especially if it is blocked by noise or
-is the most critical component of total quality management. interruption.
-described as the transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create a
shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. ELEMENTS OF THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
- It is a dynamic, two-way process Sender - a person, group or organization who initiates communication. Also
- Therefore, communication is the process of transferring information from called as encoder, source, Speaker, writer or communicator. The sender is
one point to another where the receiver responsible for the success of the communication. The sender's experiences,
attitudes, knowledge, skills, perceptions, and culture influence the message.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Message - is the element transmitted in the communication process. The
1. Verbal Communication - Uses words or symbols. It is done through message should be coded by the sender in a way that it will be easily
speaking or writing. understood by the receiver.
Spoken communication can be done through face-to-face interaction, Channel - pathway or medium through which the message travels to reach
through mobiles or computers, public speaking, etc. its destination. It may be oral, written or visual, Each kind of channel has a
Written communication can be written, digitized or printed. specific use depending on the message.
Examples: Face-to-face, through writing letters, social media, mobile phone
Factors that affect verbal communication: call, etc
Tone of voice Noise - a form of distortion, barrier or obstacle that occurs in any of the
Use of descriptive words phases of the oral communication process. It may be visual, aural, physical or
Emphasis on certain phrases psychological in forms.
Volume of voice Examples: inappropriate channel, incorrect grammar, inflammatory words,
jargon,
Non-verbal cues - make the message clearer and give the listener an Receiver - the person who receives, understands, analyzes and interprets the
indication in what way the Information should be received. message, Also called as decoder, reader or listener
These are similar to nonverbal type of communication; but these are used to Feedback - the receiver's response that provides information to the sender. It
accompany verbal communication. shows whether the receiver understood the message or not.
Adjustment - it is done if the message Is not clearly understood by the
Examples of Non verbal Cues: receiver.
Intonation
Facial expressions ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION
Pause The importance of communication is related to various aspects.
Hand gestures 1. Communication is integrated in all parts of our lives.
Use of visuals We communicate every minute and every second of our lives. And as we go
Body movement through life every day, we use communication in all places we go to, in
Eye contact different parts of our lives.
2. Non-verbal Communication - sending of message using methods other Academics
than spoken language, It may be intentional or unintentional According to research, students who are good in writing and speaking
According to Tidwell (2016) there are two kinds of non-verbal perform better not only in the English class, but also in other learning areas.
communication: Professional
Non-verbal messages produced by the body Employees who are better in communicating have the higher chance of
Non-verbal messages produced by the broad setting such as time, space and getting hired.
silence Personal
Having a vocabulary to name the communication phenomena in our lives
Examples of non-verbal communication: increases our ability to alter consciously our communication in order to
touch achieve our goals and avoid miscommunication.
facial expressions Civic
dress Civic engagement refers to working to make a difference in our communities
glance by improving the quality of life of community members.
posture
eye contact 2. Communication meets needs
volume Communication is more than the transmission of information. We also
smell communicate in order to survive our day-to-day activities.
vocal nuance Physical Needs - keep our brain and body functioning
pause (silence) Instrumental Needs - instructing people, giving directions
context Relational Needs - initiate, maintain or end a relationship
proximity Identity Needs • people present their image through the way they
intonation communicate
formality
3. Communication is guided by culture and context
*In high-context cultures, the manner of saying the word is more important Culture - as defined by O'Neil (2006), it is the full range of learned human
than the word itself. behavior patterns. It
includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, etc.
High context cultures - those who communicate in ways that are implicit and Context - the circumstances that form the setting for an event
rely heavily on context. Culture and context influence how we deliver and how we understand
These are the collectivistic in nature. messages.

Low context cultures - those who communicate in ways that are explicit. 4. Communication is learned.
These are the individualistic in nature. The need to communicate and the ability to learn a language Is innate.
However, our manner of communication varies from person to person.