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OSH Risk Management

Assessor Competency Training

WWF-Malaysia, PJCC
Petaling Jaya, Selangor DE

January 8-11, 2024

Toll Free Phone Number Fax Number Office Address


1800-88-6742 (OSHA) (06)601-3254 (06)601-3253 44, Jalan RK 6/10
1388 Rasah-Kemayan Golf & Country Township
Mail Website 70300 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus
oshpc@oshprocare.com.my www.oshprocare.com.my
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

SITE OSH BRIEFING


by Hosting Site
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia on January 8-11, 2024
CODE OF CONDUCT
✔Be punctual at all times
✔Switch off your HP or put on silent mode
✔Use break time to make phone calls if possible
✔If no choice, please speak outside the room
✔Feel free to ask questions if you have any
doubt
✔Practice safety & health at all times

OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION

FACILITATING TEAM
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia on January 8-11, 2024
MAIN FACILITATOR
Radzi bin Abdul Rashid A.N.S.
▪ Founded OSH ProCare in 2008
▪ Principal Consultant, OSH ProCare
▪ 30+ years managerial role in MNC chemical manufacturing
industries under various portfolios including international
assignments i.e., Plant Construction, Commissioning &
Operations, HSES, HRA, QA&CI, Sustainability & CSR
▪ Former DOSH Certified Safety & Health Officer (SHO) or Green
Book
▪ Chairman, Technical Committee of CICM Responsible Care®
▪ V. Chairman, FMM HR Committee on OSH (National)
▪ Chairman, FMM NS SHE Committee (State)
▪ NIOSH TTT1 Competent / HRD Corp TTT Exempted Trainer
▪ B.S. Chemical Engineering, CWRU (USA)
OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
FACILITATING TEAM

No. Name Role Contact E-mail


1 Radzi bin Abdul Rashid Facilitator - Main (013)337-3883 radzi_ar@oshprocare.com.my
2 Dr. Zuraida binti Mohamed Facilitator - OH (019)660-0446 dr.zuraida@oshprocare.com.my
3 Dr. Abdul Aziz bin Harith Facilitator - OH & OHD (019)289-2932 drazizkpaskkm@gmail.com
4 Asfa binti Mustafa Admin. & Facilitator (017)241-3714 asfa.mus13@gmail.com
5 Asyraf Hakim bin Azudin IT & Documentation (013)619-3989 acapakim16@gmail.com

Legend
OHD - Occupational Health Doctor

Prepared by OSH ProCare


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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION

TRAINING PLAN
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia on January 8-11, 2024
OBJECTIVES

At the conclusion of the training program, participants should be able to :

✔ Understand the importance and basic principles of OSH Risk Management


and apply accordingly at his/her respective worksite
✔ Identify OSH hazards, assess related risk associated with the process and
propose appropriate risk control measures based on Hierarchy of Control
✔ Conduct OSH Risk Assessment at his/her respective worksite and assess
other WWF-Malaysia sites if required
✔ Effectively perform the function and duty of an OSH Risk Assessor as
governed by the law

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
▪ By : OSH ProCare Consultant & Services
▪ Duration : 4 days
▪ Venue : WWF-Malaysia, PJCC, Petaling Jaya
▪ Participants : 28-40 pax from 14 sites (ref. next page)
Estimated : Min. 2 participants per site
▪ Type & Validation
Classroom (Attendance & Quiz)
Practical
Written Competency Test
Workplace Assignment (WPA)
OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia
PARTICIPANTS / FUTURE ASSESSORS

OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia
CRITERIA OF SELECTION
1. Appropriate person to be selected, trained, tested,
evaluated, and later certified as Internal OSH
Assessor (IOA).
2. Job Grade : Mid-level (officer) and above
3. Must have at least SPM
4. Must be able to communicate in BM and/or English
5. Technical background with working experience in OSH
and the same nature of work is an added advantage
6. Present / past experience as an auditor is a plus

OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

OSH Incidents/Cases, Legal Requirements, Risk


Management/HIRARC and Hazard Identification
(HI)

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
PROGRAM SCHEDULE - DAY 1 (8/1/24)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:30-09:00 AM Arrival of Participants & Registration All CR
09:00-09:15 AM Site OSH Briefing Host CR
Radzi
09:15-10:00 AM Introduction & Administration CR
AR
10:00-10:15 AM TEA BREAK Host CR
Radzi
10:15-11:30 AM 1. Occupational Accident/Injury/Illness & Prevention CR
AR
Radzi
11:30-12:30 PM 2. OSH Legal Requirements CR
AR
12:30-01:30 PM LUNCH BREAK Host TBD
01:30-03:30 PM 3. OSH Risk Management & HIRARC Radzi AR CR
03:30-03:45 PM TEA BREAK Host CR
Legend:
OSH ProCare 4. Hazard, Types of Hazard &decided
Hazard Identification
03:45-05:00 PM CR - Conference Room TBD - To be Radzi AR CR
15 (HI) 15
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

Risk Assessment (RA), Control (RC) &


Review, Detail HIRARC and OH Risk
Assessment (OHRA)

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
PROGRAM SCHEDULE - DAY 2 (9/1/24)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:30-09:00 AM Arrival of Participants & Registration All CR
09:00-09:15 AM Review of Day 1 Host CR
09:15-10:00 AM 5. Risk Assessment, Risk Matrix & Risk Rating Radzi AR TBD
10:00-10:15 AM TEA BREAK Host CR

10:15-11:00 AM 5. Risk Assessment, Risk Matrix & Risk Rating - Radzi AR TBD
GE
11:00-11:45 AM 6. Risk Control & Hierarchy of Control & 7. Review Radzi AR CR
11:45-12:30 PM 8. Risk Management Cycle (HIRARC) in Detail Radzi AR CR
LUNCH BREAK Host TBD
01:30-03:30 PM 9. Occupational Health Risk Assessment (OHRA) Dr. Zuraida CR
03:30-03:45 PM TEA BREAK Host TBD
03:45-05:00 PM 9. OHRA - Group Exercise Dr. Zuraida CR
OSH ProCare Legend:OF SESSION
05:00 PM END All N/A
17 CR - Conference Room TBD - To be decided GE – Group Exercise 17
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 3

Workplace Inspection & Observation and


JHA

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
PROGRAM SCHEDULE - DAY 3 (10/1/24)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:30-09:00 AM Arrival of Participants & Registration All CR
09:00-09:15 AM Review of Day 2 Host CR
09:15-10:00 AM Workplace Inspection & Observation - Form Radzi AR TBD
10:00-10:15 AM TEA BREAK Host CR
10:15-11:15 AM WP Inspection & Observation - GE Radzi AR CR
11:15 AM-12:30
WP Inspection & Observation - GE D&P Radzi AR CR
PM
12:30-01:30 PM LUNCH BREAK Host TBD
01:30-03:30 PM Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) - GE Radzi AR CR
03:30-03:45 PM TEA BREAK Host TBD
03:45-05:00 PM Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) - GE D&P Radzi AR CR
05:00 PM END OF SESSION
Legend: All N/A
OSH ProCare
CR - Conference Room TBD - To be decided
19 GE – Group Exercise D&P – Discuss & Present 19
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

Validation, Competency, Test & WPA


Kick-off

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
PROGRAM SCHEDULE - DAY 4 (11/1/24)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:30-09:00 AM Arrival of Participants & Registration All CR
09:00-09:15 AM Review of Day 3 Radzi AR CR
09:15-10:00 AM Validation & Competency Criteria Radzi AR CR
10:00-10:15 AM TEA BREAK Host CR
10:15 AM-11:00 PM Written Test Radzi AR CR
11:00 PM-12:30 PM Workplace Assignment (WPA) Radzi AR CR
12:30-01:30 PM LUNCH BREAK Host TBD
01:30-03:30 PM WPA Kick-off - Project Identification - PE Radzi AR CR
03:30-03:45 PM TEA BREAK Host CR
03:45-04:30 PM WPA Kick-off - Project Identification - PE Radzi AR CR
04:30-05:00 PM Wrap-up & Closing Radzi AR CR
05:00 PM END OF SESSION All N/A
OSH ProCare
Legend:
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CR - Conference RoomTBD – To be decided PE - Personal Exercise
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION

VALIDATION & COMPETENCY


CRITERIA
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
VALIDATION
1. Based on successful completion of the following type of validation :
1. Attendance - Full 4 days completion
2. Written Test - 30%
3. Workplace Assignment - 70%
2. Candidate who fails to meet any of the above-stated requirement
shall repeat the test accordingly within the specified time given by the
examiner.
3. Refer to the detailed COMPETENCY CRITERIA in the Table below.

OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
COMPETENCY CRITERIA
No. Type of Validation Type # Answers Full Score Passing Mark Duration
1 Attendance Day N/A 4 3.5 4 days
2 Written Test (2 Parts) 1. Objective Q 20 20 15 20 min.
2. Subjective Q 10 10 7.5 10 min.
3 Workplace Assignment Report 7 70 52.5 1 week
COMPETENCY TOTAL 37 100 75

Written Test Requirement

1. Answer all the questions within the specified time of 45 min.


2. Use the standard question paper provided.
3. The passing mark for the test is as shown in the Table above.
4. Candidate who fails to meet any of the section shall repeat the test accordingly within
the specified time given by the examiner.
Prepared by OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
WORKPLACE ASSIGNMENT
• Successful completion of one (1) OSH Risk Assessment (OSHRA) Report for his/her own work site.
•• Report
Completion of min.
shall be in1 Risk
twoEvaluation
(2) setsReport for your and
of hardcopy work meet
area/department.
acceptable reporting standard
• If > 1 completed, bonus point will be given.
• The report shall be < 10 pages comprises of :
• Report must meet acceptable standard.
1. Front Cover
• Deadline
2. Table: TBDof
(max. 2 weeks)
Content
• Use
3. theExecutive
Risk Evaluation Sheet
Summary – 10 points
4. Result & Findings – 60 points
1. HIRARC Form (based on 3 Safety Risks)
2. OHRA Form (based on 3 Health Risks)
5. Conclusion
• The Report shall be mailed to OSH ProCare upon completion by the given deadline.
• Duration : < 2 weeks (14 days)

Prepared by OSH ProCare


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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

INTRODUCTION & ADMINISTRATION

THE GERIK EXPERIENCE


Fatal Accident at a hotel in PD (31/12/23)
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
PURPOSE

Why are we doing the OSH Risk Assessment ?

The purpose of the OSH Risk Assessment is to identify


potential hazards in an organization to assess the probability
of an accident or incident at work causing loss of life,
property, injury, illness etc.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
GLOSSARY

▪OSH - Occupational Safety & Health


▪OSHRA - OSH Risk Assessment
▪IOA - Internal OSHRA Assessor
▪HIRARC - Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment &
Risk Control
▪OHRA - Health Risk Assessment

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
PROBLEM STATEMENT

1. Unavailability of OSHRA data and information for the


WWF-Malaysia to manage OSH risk at all its 14 operating
sites of different nature and set-ups in the country
(Peninsular, Sabah & Sarawak).

2. The organization also does not have any competent IOA


to conduct OSHRA for the respective site.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
OBJECTIVE - MAIN

▪ The main goal of this project is to conduct pilot OSHRA @


WWF-Malaysia, Gerik.

▪ At the end of the project, a pilot OSHRA Report shall be


issued by OSH ProCare as the project consultant.

▪ The same methodology and approach will later be used to


conduct OSHRA at each of the 14 WWF-Malaysia sites upon
completion of a competency training for IOA in January
2024.
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
OBJECTIVE – PILOT PROJECT
To conduct pilot OSH Risk Assessment for the site and produce
an OSHRA Report via :
1. Conduct Worksite OSH Risk Survey at WWF-Malaysia, Gerik to
identify potential hazard or risk factors at work
2. Perform Risk Assessment for each Work Process & Identify
Risk Rating
3. Evaluate the adequacy of existing control measures and
recommend additional control measure, if required, to
minimize exposure of each risk factor
4. Produce a pilot OSHRA Report for the site
5. Report findings to the employer & employee & recommend
improvement actions Prepared by OSH ProCare
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
ADMINISTRATION

▪ 2 weeks after the site walkthrough observation survey, a


summary of the OSHRA consists of the HIRARC and OHRA
findings will be issued by OSH ProCare in table form to update the
site management on the progress of the report and seek
appropriate and specific recommendation on the improvement
actions.

▪ On week 4 after the site survey, a preliminary draft of the OSHRA


report will be issued by the consultant for the site management
to go through the report and approve prior issuing the final
report.
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
TIMELINE

No. Activity / Deliverable Type Venue Deadline


1 Pilot Worksite OSH Risk Survey Fieldwork WWFM, Gerik Nov. 28 & 29, 2023
2 Pilot OSHRA Deskwork OSHPC Dec. 1-31, 2023
3 Pilot OSHRA Report Issuance Briefing WWFM, PJ Dec. 31, 2023
4 OSHRA Competency for IOA Training WWFM, PJ Jan. 8-11, 2024

Legend
OSHRA – Occupational Safety & Health Risk Assessment
IOA – Internal OSHRA Assessor

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
METHODOLOGY

Carry out OSH RA using HIRARC and OHRA methodology


▪ Observe and identify potential risk factors (hazards) at work that may
cause harm to employees, other stakeholders and facilities (Hazard
Identification).
▪ Determine the chances or likelihood of harm arising from exposure to each
respective risk factor (Risk Assessment).
▪ Evaluate the adequacy of existing control measures and recommend
additional control measure, if required, to minimize exposure of each risk
factor (Risk Control).
▪ Record and establish baseline data / information or Initial Risk Assessment
for the workplace.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
BENEFITS

1. First-hand observation of the process and potential OSH risk at the


workplace

2. Enable employers to :

a. Plan, introduce and monitor preventive measures to ensure


that the risks are adequately controlled at all times.

b. Comply to regulatory and corporate requirements.

3. Enhance workers health & safety, moral and productivity

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment
WWF-Malaysia, Gerik

AGENDA & SCHEDULE


November 28 & 29, 2023
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
Day 1 (28/11/23)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:30 AM - 08:45 AM Arrival of Assessors @ Gerik Field Office (GFO) Site Manager Reception

08:45 AM - 09:30 AM Opening Meeting (refer to Slide #16) Site Manager Meeting Room

09:30 AM - 10:30 AM Travel to Sample Work Site Site Manager Road

10:30 AM - 01:00 PM Walk-through Observation Survey - Field Lead Assessor RPS Banun

01:00 PM - 02:00 PM LUNCH BREAK All RPS Banun

02:00 PM - 03:00 PM Return to Gerik Field Office Site Manager Road

03:00 PM - 05:00 PM Field Data Collection & Interview (ref. to Slide #37) Lead Assessor Meeting Room

5:00 PM END OF DAY 1 All

OSH ProCare
38 WWF-Malaysia 38
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
Day 2 (29/11/23)
TIME ACTIVITY PIC VENUE
08:15 AM - 08:30 AM Arrival of Assessors @ Gerik Field Office (GFO) Site Manager Reception

08:30 AM - 08:45 AM Review – Day 1 Lead Assessor Meeting Room

08:45 AM - 09:45 AM Walk-through Observation Survey - Office Site Manager GFO

08:45 AM - 01:00 PM Field Data Collection & Interview (ref. to Slide #23) Lead Assessor Meeting Room

01:00 PM - 02:00 PM LUNCH BREAK All TBD

02:00 PM - 04:30 PM Occupational Health Risk Assessment @ GFO Lead Assessor Meeting Room

04:30 PM - 05:00 PM Closing Meeting & Wrap-up All TBD

5:00 PM END OF DAY 2 All N/A

OSH ProCare
39 WWF-Malaysia 39
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment

WWF-Malaysia, Gerik

TEAM MEMBERS
OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
28 & 29/11/23
FIELDWORK ASSESSMENT TEAM

No. Name Role Contact E-mail


1 Radzi bin Abdul Rashid Lead Assessor (013)337-3883 radzi_ar@oshprocare.com.my
2 Dr. Zuraida binti Mohamed Health Risk Assessor (019)660-0446 aida_rad@yahoo.com
3 Asfa binti Mustafa Assessor / RO (017)241-3714 asfa.mus13@gmail.com

Legend
RO - Research Officer cum Field Officer

Prepared by OSH ProCare


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WWF-Malaysia
Gerik Site Organization Chart (as of 28.11.23)

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
28 & 29/11/23

Site Assessment Team


No. Name Role Contact E-mail
1 Azlan Mohamed Site Manager / SAL (018)315-6440
2 Mohamed Afif Wafiy Senior Program Officer / IOA (017)219-4589
Senior Community & Education Officer
Umi A’Zuhrah binti urahman@wwf.or
3 for Tiger Conservation Program
Abdul Rahman g.my
(Conservation Dept.)
4 Zarris Kem CA|TS (011)1656-5924
5
Legend
SAL – Site Assessment Leader. SAL can also be one of the IOA.
IOA – Internal OSHRA Assessor
WU – Work Unit

Prepared by OSH ProCare


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Pilot OSH Risk Assessment

WWF-Malaysia, Gerik

WORK AREAS ASSESSED


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
AREA SEGMENTATION

The WWFM-Gerik Site can be divided into 7 work


sites :
1. Royal Belum State Park
2. Temenggor Forest Reserve
3. Amanjaya Forest Reserve
4. RPS Dala
5. RPS Banun
6. Gerik Field Office
7. LGM, RPS Banun
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment

WWF-Malaysia, Gerik

ACTIVITY PHOTOS
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
WORK AREA ASSESSED : 5. RPS BANUN

OSH ProCare
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OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

OSH Incidents/Cases, Legal Requirements, Risk


Management/HIRARC and Hazard Identification
(HI)
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

1 - OCCUPATIONAL
ACCIDENT/INJURY/ILLNESS &
PREVENTION
IMPACT OF OSH PERFORMANCE TO YOUR
BUSINESS / ORGANIZATION
WWF-Malaysia

❑ Kills people ❑ Destroys trust


❑ Injures people ❑ Destroys confidence
❑ Makes people ill ❑ Destroys reputation
❑ Damages our assets ❑ Increase cost
❑ Damages our ❑ Loses business
environment ❑ etc.
❑ Destroys morale

50
OSH ProCare
Incident Prevention
3 BASIC CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
BASIC CAUSES
Lack of Management Control
INDIFactors
Personal/Job
Environmental Factors
Unsafe Act REC Unsafe
(88%) T Condition
CAU
DIRECT (12%)
CAUSESSES
Unplanned Incident

ACCIDENT
Personal Injury
Property Damage
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,
24.8.22
Incident Prevention
INCIDENT
▪ An unexpected & unplanned event in a sequence of events
▪ Occurs through a combination of causes
▪ Results in either :
Physical harm (injury, ill-health or disease) to an individual e.g.
👎 Short Term : someone hit by a forklift or falling off a ladder
👎 Long Term : hearing loss of chemical-caused illnesses
Damage to property
A near-miss or
Combination of these effects
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,
24.8.22
Incident Prevention
THE ACCIDENT PYRAMID
FATALITY
1 CASE
LOSS TIME
3 CASE
RESTRICT
50 ED WORK
CASE
FIRST AID
80 CASE
NEAR
400 MISS
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

INCIDENT PREVENTION
Incident Prevention
PRINCIPLES
1. Incident prevention is good management
2. Management and workers must fully cooperate
3. Top management must lead
4. A Health & Safety Policy must be available & implemented
5. Organization and resources must be available to implement the policy
6. The best available information & technology in OHS (best practices)
must be applied

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,


24.8.22
Incident Prevention
WHY PREVENT INCIDENT ?
1. Legal e.g. OSHA Amendment 2022 requires employers to
prevent accidents/illness in the workplace
2. Human Rights e.g. Employer shall be responsible for the
welfare of the worker, family & community
3. Business e.g. Accidents have impact on the productivity,
profitability and image of the company

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,


24.8.22
Incident Prevention
MANAGEMENT CONTROL
Management is responsible for
✔ Selection of workers
✔ Machinery & equipment
✔ System of work
✔ Information & training
✔ Supervision, etc.
to ensure that accidents are prevented

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,


24.8.22
Incident Prevention
THE SAFETY & HEALTH ICEBERG

TIP OF THE ICEBERG

Fatalities
Lost Time Injuries
Medical Treatment
First-Aid Cases

BENEATH THE SURFACE


▪Not following rules or procedures
▪Taking shortcuts
Near Misses ▪Hurrying
▪Using poor judgment
▪Not maintaining good housekeeping
Unsafe Acts ▪Awkward/uncomfortable positions
Unsafe Conditions ▪Repetitive motions
▪Over, heavy and bulky load
▪Poor equipment arrangement
▪Poorly designed/maintained equipment
▪High vibration/loud noise
▪Glare/inadequate light
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22 ▪Calibration not complete
Incident Prevention
PROFITABILITY ASPECTS OF SAFETY
▪ Many employers do not realize that incident could cost them more than what the could
account for
▪ Many mistakenly believe that insurance covered most of the costs arising from incidents
▪ However, study in the UK shows that for every accident :
$1 of Direct (Insured) Costs is equivalent to $8-$36 of Indirect (Uninsured/Hidden)
Cost
▪ This uninsured cost in total are significant when expressed as a percentage of operating
costs to profits 🡪 profit margin loss due to accident
▪ Incident (Indirect/Hidden) Costs > Prevention Cost

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services,


24.8.22
Incident Cost Iceberg
DIRECT vs INDIRECT COSTS

It is estimated that for every $1 DIRECT


COSTS, there are $8-$36 of INDIRECT
COSTS (HIDDEN COSTS) !

DIRECT (INSURED)
COSTS

INDIRECT
(UNINSURED/HIDDEN) COSTS

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Incident Prevention
INDIRECT COSTS (HIDDEN COSTS)
▪ Fines
▪ Emergency Expenses
▪ Supervisors Time Diverted
▪ Accident Investigation
▪ Paperwork & Clerical Effort
▪ Idle Workers due to Disrupted Work
▪ Temporary Labor
▪ Work Delays / Reassignments
▪ Loss of Expertise / Experience
▪ Loss in Quality
▪ Loss of Supplies/Finished Goods
▪ Worker Recruitment / Replacement &
▪ Repair/Replacement of Damaged
Re-training
Equipment
▪ Legal Costs
▪ Accident Site Clean-up
▪ Engagement with authorities e.g. DOSH,
▪ Loss of Income / Business
police, BOMBA & DOE

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Good OSH is Good Business
The Injury/Illness Iceberg
“Business /
Obvious •Medical Organization Titanic”
costs •Compensation

• Time lost from work by injured


• Lost time by fellow workers
• Loss of efficiency due to break-up of crew
• Lost time by supervision
• Cost of breaking in new person
• Damage to tools and equipment
Hidden • Time damaged equipment is out of service
costs • Spoiled work
• Loss of production for remainder of day
• Spoilage - fire, water, chemical, explosives, etc.
• Failure to fill orders
• Overhead cost (while work was disrupted)
• Insurance bill
• etc.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Incident Prevention
PREVENTIONAL COSTS
▪DESIGN COSTS e.g. Install machine guards
▪OPERATIONAL COSTS e.g. OSH Personnel, Training
& PPE
▪PLANNING & SAFEGUARDING COSTS e.g. Hygiene
Monitoring, Health Surveillance & Audits

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


IMPACT OF OSH PERFORMANCE TO
BUSINESS / ORGANIZATION
• A robust OSH performance is increasingly becoming a condition for “a license
to operate”

• Every negative OSH incident is a profit / support leak and every positive or
preventive measures is a cost avoidance

• An outstanding & sustainable OSH performance for a business / organization is


a competitive edge because :
• Customers, shareholder or stakeholder demand
• Law (public), employer or employees expect it

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK ASSESSMENT & REVIEW PLAN

1. Initial (Baseline) Review


2. Periodical Review e.g. yearly, every 3 years or every 5 years
3. Changes occur :
Internal Change
• Introduction or changes in processes, plants , material, machineries,
procedures or personnel
External Change
• Introduction or amendment of Act, Regulations or Code of Practices
• Development of OSH knowledge & technology

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Management
Du Pont 10 PRINCIPLES
1. All occupational injuries and
illnesses are preventable 6. Deficiencies must be corrected
2. Management is directly responsible promptly
for doing this 7. All unsafe practices, incidents and
3. Safety is a condition of employment injury accidents will be investigated
4. Training is required 8. Safety away for work is as important
as safety at work
5. Safety audits and inspections must
be carried out 9. Incident prevention is cost-effective;
the highest cost is human suffering
10. Employees must be actively involved

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Incident Prevention
SUMMARY
▪ Incident in the workplace is largely caused by lack of management control
▪ If you think safety & health is expensive, try accidents & illnesses
▪ Incident Uninsured (Hidden) Cost > Insured Cost
▪ Incident Uninsured (Hidden) Cost > OSH Prevention Cost
▪ Establish OSH management system in place
▪ Implement an appropriate company policy
▪ Control OSH risk
▪ Promote OSH
▪ Zero accident, injury & illness at the workplace is possible

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

2 - OSH LEGAL REQUIREMENTS


OSH Statutory Legislations
HISTORICAL MILESTONE

OSH ProCare
69 69
OSH Statutory Legislations
HISTORICAL MILESTONE

OSH ProCare
70 70
OSH Statutory Legislations
Enforcement

• By Officers from the Department of Occupational Safety & Health (DOSH)


or Jabatan Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan (JKKP) under the
Ministry of Human Resources (MoHR)

• Functions

Enforcement of Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)


Promote OSH activities
Review existing legislations
Provide consultation & guidance
Act as secretariat for the National Council for OSH

OSH ProCare
71 71
OSHA STATUTORIAL DOCUMENTS

ACT

Regulations

Industrial Code
of Practice
(ICoP)

Guidelines

Prepared by OSH ProCare


72
OSHA Amendment 2022

• Amendment to OSHA 1994 & Repeal of FMA 1967


• After 27 years, the amendment should be made to improve and facilitate
methods of ‘regulating behavior’ in safe working environment toward the safe
work culture.
• https://d.docs.live.net/cb6d81ef459d3596/Documents/Training%20-%20CMSB/
Law/FACTORIES%20AND%20MACHINERY%20(REPEAL)%20ACT%202022
.pdf
• https://d.docs.live.net/cb6d81ef459d3596/Documents/Training%20-%20CMSB/
Law/OCCUPATIONAL%20SAFETY%20AND%20HEALTH%20(AMENDMENT
)%20ACT%202022.pdf

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSHA Amendment 2022
PHILOSOPHY & PRINCIPLES

• PHILOSOPHY
Responsibility to ensure safety and health at the workplace is on those who create the risk and those
who work with the risk

• PRINCIPLES
Enhancement of OSHA 1994 and continuously improving
1. Self-regulation
2. Consultation
3. Worker Cooperation & Participation

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
(AMENDMENT) ACT 2022
NEW AMENDMENT
1. NON-APPLICATION & SUBSTITUTION SCH. 1 (SECTION 2 &
52) 8. PLANT INTEGRITY (PART VIA / SECTION 27A-27G)

2. RISK ASSESSMENT (SECTION 18B) 9. LICENSED PERSON (SECTION 7A-7D)

10.COMPETENT PERSON & REGISTERED TRAINING PROVIDER


3. DUTIES OF PRINCIPAL (SECTION 18B) (PART VIIA)

4. RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES (SECTION 26A) 11. MEMBERSHIP OF THE COUNCIL (SECTION 9)

5. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE (SEC. 28A) 12. INCREASE IN PENALTIES

13. DUTIES OF THE OWNER, OCCUPIER, ETC. IN INQUIRY (SECTION


6. OSH COORDINATOR (SECTION 29A) 34A)

14. LIABILITY FOR OFFENCES (SECTION 52A)


7. OSH TRAINING COURSE (SECTION 31A)

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSHA AMENDMENT 2022
st
1. Non-application & SUBSTITUTION OF 1
schedule (section 2 & 52)
Applicable to all workplaces in Malaysia except :
1. Domestic Employment / Services e.g. Domestic Servant
as defined in Employment Act 1955
2. Armed Forces
3. Working on Ships (already governed by the respective
Merchant Shipping Ordinances)

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSHA AMENDMENT 2022 – NEW
3. DUTIES OF PRINCIPAL - SECTION 18A
It shall be the duty of every principal to take, so far as is
practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure the
safety and health of any contractor engaged by the
principal, sub-contractor and employee of the contractor /
sub-contractor at work

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSHA AMENDMENT 2022 – NEW
3. DUTIES OF PRINCIPAL - SECTION 18A
- LIST OF DUTIES*
*Besides the principal, the list of duties are also applicable to
employer to ensure the safety, health & welfare at work of all
employees as prescribed in Section 15 of the Act

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSHA AMENDMENT 2022 – NEW
4. RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES - SECTION
26A
An employee, after informing his employer or his representative that he has
reasonable justification to believe there exist an imminent danger at his place of
work, shall have the right to remove himself from the danger or the work if the
employer fails to take any action to remove the danger.

An employee who removes himself from the imminent danger shall be


protected against undue consequences and shall not be discriminated against.

Based on Article 13, ILO C155

Imminent danger is defined as a serious risk of death or serious bodily injury to any person that
is caused by any plant, substance, condition, activity, process, practice, procedure or place of
work hazard.
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22
OSHA AMENDMENT 2022 – NEW
12. increase in PENALTIES
AFFECTED PARTIES BEFORE (OSHA 1994) OSHA AMENDMENT 2022
RM 10,000 RM 100,000
General
None Imprisonment : 1 Year
RM 50,000 RM 500,000
Employer / Principal
Imprisonment : 2 Years Imprisonment : 2 Years
RM 1,000 RM 2,000
Employee
Imprisonment : 3 Months Imprisonment : 3 Months
Competent Person None RM 100,000
RM 50,000 RM 500,000
Notice Incompliance Imprisonment : 5 Years Imprisonment : 2 Years
Daily : RM 500 Daily : 2,000
OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

3 - OSH RISK MANAGEMENT &


HIRARC
Definition
HAZARD

A source or situation with a potential for harm :


•causing fatality, injury or ill-health to human
•damage to property, and
•damage to the environment, or
•causing a combination of above

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


OSH RISK MANAGEMENT
Expectation

INPUT HIRARC ORGANIZATION


PROCESS EXPECTATION
▪ Hazard ▪ Hazard Identification ▪ Safe & Healthy Workers
▪ Legislation ▪ Risk Assessment and Workplace
▪ 3rd Party Input ▪ Risk Control ▪ Legal Compliance
▪ Risk Review ▪ High Productivity

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Definition
RISK

Chance, probability or likelihood that :

▪ a person will be killed, experienced injury or adverse health effect


▪ damage to property or environment, or
▪ any combination of the above will occur

if exposed to such hazard

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Why do Risk Evaluation ?

1. Logical and Cost-effective Management of OSH


▪ Allow organization to understand hazard, assess the risk and decide on the
most effective way of controlling it
2. Requirement by Law
▪ Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 (OSHA 1994)
▪ Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazard (CIMAH) Reg. 1996
▪ Use & Standard of Exposure of Chemical Hazardous to Heath (USECHH) Reg.
2000
3. Requirement of OSH Management Systems
▪ MS 1722:2005, OHSAS 18001, ILO OSHMS : 2000 etc.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Where is Risk Evaluation applicable ?

Routine & Non-Routine


Activities where all
Activities e.g.,
employees, contractors
maintenance, breakdown,
and visitors have access
abnormal operations and
to
emergencies

All facilities at the


workplace including office

Prepared by OSH ProCare


When to carry out Risk Evaluation ?

Before During After


Operation Operation Operation

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Who carries out or involves in Risk
Evaluation ?
▪ Person trained to identify hazard, do risk assessment and recommend
control measures depending on the organization requirement e.g.
DOSH-certified Safety & Health Officer and internally-trained workplace
assessor

▪ In some cases, legally approved person is required e.g., Competent Chemical


Health Risk Assessor to conduct Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA)
approved by DOSH

▪ Involvement of Safety & Health Committee, supervisors, employees and their


representatives
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Definition
RISK ASSESSMENT

The process of evaluating risk to occupational safety


and health (OHS) arising from hazards at work
resulting in :
•Risk Control, Risk Reduction or Improvement Plans
•Risk Review

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
OSH Management System
What is OSH Management System ?

▪ An OSH management system (MS) is a set of interrelated or interacting elements to establish


OSH policy and objectives, and to achieve those objectives.
▪ The application of a systems’ approach to the management of OSH in workplace ensures
that the level of prevention and protection is continuously evaluated and maintained
through appropriate approaches or methodology and timely improvements.
▪ To create and maintain a safe and healthy working environment and comply with the OSH
requirements pursuant to national laws and regulations, and corporate requirements (if any),
employers are encouraged to make appropriate arrangements for the establishment of an
OSH MS.
▪ The system should contain the main elements of policy, organizing, planning and
implementation, evaluation and action for improvement, as shown in the figure.
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
OSH MS Cycle (A PDCA Cycle)
Act Policy & Plan
▪ Review ▪ OSH Policy &
▪ Corrective Action Procedures
▪ Improve ▪ Assign
Responsibility POLICY
▪ Make Arrangement
▪ Allocate Resources OBJECTIV
Actio ES
Plan •Safety &
INPUT n Health of
•Vision Employee
•Hazard s
•Legislatio •Regulatory
n Chec Complianc
•3rd Party Do e
k •Meet
Monitor • Implement Client
▪ Surveillance ▪ Enforce SOP
▪ Inspection ▪ Supervise
Expectatio
▪ Assess ▪ Respond to n
▪ Investigate Emergency
▪ Audit
▪ Record & Analyze
91
Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
OSH Risk Management (HIRARC Cycle)
4 COMPONENTS
Methods of HI

1. Document / Publication Review


Periodical Review of 2. Workplace Inspection & Observation
Risk after 3. Exposure Monitoring / Industrial Hygiene
Implementation 4. Hazard Analysis e.g., JSHA, HAZOP
Hazard
Risk Review
Identification
(RR)
(HI)

Based on Hierarchy of RC Risk


Risk Control Methods of RA
Assessment
1. Elimination (RC)
(RA) 1. Risk = Hazard Severity * Exposure
2. Substitution Likelihood
3. Isolation 2. Risk Matrix Table
4. Engineering
5. Administration
6. PPE

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Pilot OSH Risk Assessment @ WWF-Malaysia, Gerik
November 28 & 29, 2023
PURPOSE

Why are we doing the OSH Risk Assessment ?

The purpose of the OSH Risk Assessment is to identify


potential hazards in an organization to assess the probability
of an accident or incident at work causing loss of life,
property, injury, illness etc.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 1

4 - HAZARD, TYPES OF HAZARD &


HAZARD IDENTIFICATION (HI)
Definition
HAZARD

A source or situation with a potential for harm :


•causing fatality, injury or ill-health to human
•damage to property, and
•damage to the environment, or
•causing a combination of above

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


Types
OSH Hazard

Biological

Psycho-soc
Chemical
ial

OSH
HAZAR
Physical
D Energy

Mechanical Ergonomic

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


TYPE OF SAFETY & HEALTH HAZARDS
PHYSICAL
ELECTR
CHEMICAL ICAL

PSYCHO-SOCIAL
BIOLOGICAL
(ORGANIZATIONAL)
ERGONOMIC
S
Prepared by OSH ProCare
5M - SOURCES OF HAZARD

NO SOURCE EXAMPLE
. S
1 Man Human Behavior & Unsafe Act
2 Machine Design, Installation & Layout of Equipment
3 Material Substances such as Hazardous Chemicals
4 Method The way people carry out their work or process
5 Media Workplace condition e.g., Environment, Air Quality,
Ventilation, Lighting, Noise & Vibration

Prepared by OSH ProCare


98
Biological Hazard - Examples
• Viral-infected body fluid e.g. blood, urine & saliva
• Used medical instruments / tools
• Bacteria-infected media like water or air
• Biological waste e.g. removed body tissues
• Virus-infected utensils / instruments
• Overdosed or expired medicine / drugs
• Damaged / expired food
• Poor air quality
• Disease carrier
• Dangerous or disease borne animals, insects & plants
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Chemical Hazard - Examples

▪Flammable Chemical ▪Mutagenic Chemical


▪Reactive Chemical ▪Teratogenic Chemical
▪Oxidizing Chemical ▪Explosives
▪Toxic Chemical ▪Radioactive Material
▪Corrosive Chemical ▪Sensitizers
▪Carcinogenic Chemical ▪Irritants

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Electrical Hazard - Examples

• Electricity
• Static electricity
• Lighting
• Arc lighting
• Exposed electrical wire
• Damaged electrical appliance
• Lightning

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Ergonomic Hazard - Examples

• Poor workplace design & layout • Heavy physical work


• Poor workplace furniture design • Glaring screen
• Awkward body mechanics or postures • Extreme temperature
• Repetitive movements e.g. frequent • Improper PPE or clothing
bending & twisting
• Inadequate lighting
• Manual material handling
• Poor visibility
• Heavy lifting
• Poor ventilation
• Poorly design job e.g. long-hour sitting
• Contact with vibration
• Poor housekeeping
• Improper tools or equipment
• Prolonged contact stress from tools &
• Inappropriate size or shape of objects
equipment

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Physical Hazard - Examples

• Fire / ignition • Falling object


• Sharp objects / surface • Flying object
• High noise level • Machine moving parts
• Pointed objects / surface
• Moving vehicle
• Confined space
• Radiation source
• Hot / heated object, fluid or surface
• High level from ground
• Wet floor
• Stored energy
• Uneven floor
• Heavy load • Compressed air / gas
• Obstacles on floor
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Psycho-social Hazard - Examples

• Rapid Work Pace • Occupational Violence


• Monotonous Work • Harassment
• Low Job Satisfaction • Fatigue
• Low Decision Latitude • Drug Abuse
• High Job Stress • Alcohol Consumption
• High Job Demand • Theft
• Long Working Hours • Bribery
• Work-related Stress • Confidentiality Breach
• Sabotage • Lone / Isolated Worker
• Vandalism
Prepared by OSH ProCare
MECHANICAL HAZARD & ACCIDENT
EXAMPLES
Type of
No. Example Typical Accident
Hazards
1 Cutting Sharp surface /edges e.g. saw, knife blade & disc Cut body parts

2 Shearing Between 2 moving parts, between machine part Remove or separate body parts by cutting like scissors. Contact or trapped
and working space and between a moving between machinery.
parts/machine and static parts/machine

3 Stabbing & Needles and splinters of grindstones Tips of machine parts, work materials and object flying into and piercing the
Puncturing body.
4 Impact Hit by moving or rotating parts Part of machine acts on the body parts but do not puncture of pierce because
not sharp enough
5 Entanglement Roller machine, gear shaft (axle), wheel & chain Clothing / hair entangled in rotating and moving machine parts

6 Friction & Abrasive wheel Burning or removal of skin when body part get into contact with moving
Abrasion parts
7 Crushing Stamping machine & power press Pressing of body parts or entire body between 2 objects or solid machine
parts
8 Drawing-in Roller machine Body part is pulled into the machine and trapped between the moving parts

9 Ejection Abrasive wheel & drill Hit by ejected work material /machine parts due to failure of machine /work
material
Prepared by OSH ProCare
10 Potential Energy Pressure release from spring or air –operated Crushed by falling/closing object e.g. platform
Release scissors lift shaft
Pre-Evaluation - Information Gathering

⚫ Area map ⚫ Trade association guidelines


⚫ Site plan(s); own and neighbor ⚫ Standards
⚫ Process flow-charts ⚫ Published information

⚫ Inventory of materials (raw ⚫ Monitoring data


materials, chemicals, wastes, ⚫ Information from designers and
products, sub-products etc.) manufacturers
⚫ Toxicology and other Safety & ⚫ Reports e.g. Accident investigation &
Health data e.g. Chemical Safety audit
Data Sheet (CSDS) ⚫ Comments from employees, public and
government agencies e.g. DOSH
⚫ Legislation & Code of Practice
⚫ Classify department, tasks and work
groups

Prepared by OSH ProCare


METHODS OF HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
No. Method Example
1 Review of Documents and ▪ Reports of accidents, accident investigation and audits
▪ Information from publications e.g. Acts, Regulations &
Publications Code of Practice, statistics, handbooks and CSDS

2 Inspection & Observation at ▪ Documentation of statutorial, periodical, formal &


informal inspection checklist or worksheet by managers,
the Workplace supervisors & employees with proper action, time-frame
& follow-ups

3 Measurement & Monitoring of ▪ Hygiene monitoring for chemical, noise, heat etc.
▪ Biological monitoring - measure level of hazardous
Hazard Exposure or chemical in blood, urine, saliva & expired air of exposed
Health/Medical Surveillance of worker. Only required under USECHH 2000.
▪ Health/Medical surveillance – periodical health
Workers screening of employees exposed to hazard

4 Hazard Analysis ▪ Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)


▪ Hazard & Operability Studies (HAZOP)
▪ Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
▪ Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA) Prepared by OSH ProCare
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
⚫ Also knows as Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

⚫ Help operate a safe system of work and formulate safe work procedure/instruction

⚫ The written procedures are the basis for all job training by ensuring all aspects of

the job is covered and later should be incorporated into procedures manual.
⚫ Ideally all jobs should have a JHA

⚫ Factors considered when assigning priority of jobs for JHA :

Job with high incident frequency


Job with high hazard severity
Newly established job
Infrequently performed / non-routine jobs / emergency activities
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Hazard & Operability Studies (HAZOP)

To identify and evaluate safety, health & environmental hazard in process plant including
for new design or process

To identify operability problems

To be conducted by multidisciplinary team for brainstorming

Involve “what if” questionnaire method

Focus on potential hazard during operation e.g. fire, explosion, toxic release etc.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

Analyze how and why incident could occur


Use of graphic techniques to trace branches of events
Calculate probability of end event

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Example of FTA
Water Pumping System Failure

No Flow (T)
No water flow if both
pumps or control
valve fails. If the
individual initiating
Control Valve (C)
event probabilities; failure to regulate
Pump Failure
P(A), P(B) & P (C) flow of water
through pump
are known, then the
probability of P(T) for
the top or end event
can be calculated. Pump Failure (B)
Pump Failure (A) - Automatic
Standby Pump

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

Risk Assessment (RA), Control (RC) &


Review, Detail HIRARC and OH Risk
Assessment (OHRA)
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

5 - RISK ASSESSMENT (RA)


Definition
RISK ASSESSMENT

The process of evaluating risk to occupational safety


and health (OHS) arising from hazards at work
resulting in :
•Risk Control, Risk Reduction or Improvement Plans
•Risk Review

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


WWF-Malaysia
DEFINITION
Hazard Risk Exposure
Anything that can cause • The probability or that • Contact with the hazard
harm in terms of : somebody will be harmed
• Fatality , injury & illness to by exposure to hazard
human
• Damage or loss of property
• Damage to the environment
• Or a combination of these

11
5
OSH ProCare
TYPES OF RISK ASSESSMENT

Semi-Quant
Qualitative
itative

Quantitative

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Magnitude of Risk

Likelihood
Hazard Magnitude
of
Severity of Risk
Exposure

11
Prepared by OSH ProCare
7
HAZARD SEVERITY

❑ Determining SEVERITY in ❑ SEVERITY can be categorized as :


terms of : 1. Negligible - Up to First Aid Case
2. Slight - Medical Treatment
✔ Harm to health (reversible injury)
3. Moderate - Restricted Work
✔ Damage/Loss of property
4. High - Major Injuries / Illnesses
✔ Damage to the environment
(irreversible injury or damage to
✔ Or Combination of the above health)
5. Very High - Fatality

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Risk Assessment
HAZARD SEVERITY – RATING GUIDELINE

HAZARD
RATING INTERPRETATION
SEVERITY
Negligible Injury or Near Miss with no absence from work.
NEGLIGIBLE 1
First Aid Case.
Minor Injury requiring Medical Treatment other than First Aid.
SLIGHT 2
Medical Treatment Case.

MODERATE 3 Injury leading to Loss Time from Work or possibly Restricted Work

HIGH 4 A Serious Injury that will definitely lead to Loss Time from Work

VERY HIGH 5 Fatality potential


OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22
SEVERITY CATEGORIZATION
Impact on Safety &
Category Example Impact on Property
Health
Negligible Negligible injury/illness or Minor cut, burn & bruises. No or negligible loss of property with no or
near-miss with no absence negligible impact on business operation.
from work. First Aid case
or less.
Slight Minor injury/illness requiring Require minor stitches. Need Minor loss of property
medical treatment more than to be sent to clinic / hospital which may have minor
First Aid. Medical Treatment impact on business
case. operation.
Moderate Moderate injury/illness Light duty assignment Moderate loss of property which may have partial
leading to restricted work impact on business operation.
case.
High A major/severe injury and Injury/Illness with MC > 4 days. Major loss of property which may have significant
serious illness that lead to NADOOPOD case. impact on business operation.
lost time.
Very High Lost time cases. Fatality or Injury/Illness that cause death or MC Total loss of property. Major disaster.
widespread occupational > 4 days. NADOOPOD case.
illness.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Risk Assessment
LIKELIHOOD – RATING GUIDELINE

LIKELIHOOD RATING INTERPRETATION

VERY UNLIKELY 1 Practically Impossible

UNLIKELY 2 Rare Possibility of Occurrence

POSSIBLE 3 Possibility of Occurring Sometimes

LIKELY 4 Possibility of Occurring Most of the Time

VERY LIKELY 5 Possibility of Occurring Every Time

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


LIKELIHOOD OF EXPOSURE

⚫ Determining LIKELIHOOD in terms ⚫ LIKELIHOOD can be categorized as :


of :
1. Highly Unlikely – Could never
✔ Statistical data of incidents, happen or extremely remote
injury/illness cases, losses, studies 2. Unlikely – Could happen but rarely
& surveys 3. Possible – Could happen
eventually
✔ Professional judgment 4. Likely – Could happen occasionally
5. Very Likely – Could happen
frequently

Prepared by OSH ProCare


LIKELIHOOD OF EXPOSURE
(PROBABILITY TO HAPPEN)

Category Likelihood of Exposure


Very Unlikely Practically Impossible.
0-20% Probability
Unlikely Rare Possibility of Occurrence.
21-40% Probability
Possible Possibility of Occurring Sometimes.
41-60% Probability
Likely Possibility of Occurring Most Times.
61-80% Probability
Very Likely Possibility of Occurring Every Time.
81-100% Probability
Prepared by OSH ProCare
RISK CATEGORIZATION MATRIX

Risk = Severity x Likelihood

For Qualitative & Quantitative Use

Example : If Severity is High (4) & Likelihood is POSSIBLE (3),


then the Risk Rating is ALERT (12) Prepared by OSH ProCare
CASE STUDY
Use of Risk Matrix

An employee spills a hot drink from a


vending machine whilst going through
a fire door.

Assign the Severity & Likelihood.

Determine the Risk Rating or Risk


Level.

Incident - Spill of Hot Drink Prepared by OSH ProCare


Case Study : Use of Risk Matrix – Spilled Hot Drinks

Scene Description for Scene Severity Likelihood Risk


The hot drinks spills on the employee’s hand. He
1
suffers a low degree burn.
Spill not cleaned-up. The janitor walk by,
2 accidently stepped on the spill, slipped and fall.
She suffered a fractured pelvic bone.

Spill not cleaned-up. The janitor walk by,


accidently step on the spill, slip and fall. While
3 falling, her head accidentally hit the edge of a
nearby table. She suffered a major head injury and
died on the way to the hospital.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Case Study : Use of Risk Matrix – Spilled Hot Drinks

Likelihoo
Scene Description for Scene Severity Risk
d
The hot drinks spills on the employee’s hand.
1 1 3 3
He suffers a low degree burn.
Spill not cleaned-up. The janitor walk by,
2 accidently stepped on the spill, slipped and fall. 4 3 12
She suffered a fractured pelvic bone.

Spill not cleaned-up. The janitor walk by,


accidently step on the spill, slip and fall. While
3 falling, her head accidentally hit the edge of a 5 3 15
nearby table. She suffered a major head injury
and died on the way to the hospital.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


SEVERITY CATEGORIZATION

Rating Hazard Severity Likelihood of Occurrence

1 First Aid & Near Misses > Yearly

2 Medical Treatment Yearly

3 Less than or 4 days MC Monthly

4 More than 4 days MC Weekly

Fatality & Permanent


5 Daily
Disability

Prepared by OSH ProCare


SEVERITY CATEGORIZATION
Risk Recommended
Process Hazard Effect Current Risk Control Action
Risk
Severity Likelihood
Rating

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

6 - RISK CONTROL (RC)


HIERARCHY (ESIEAP)

HIERARCHY (ESIEAP) OF CONTROL

Most Effective • 1. ELIMINATION – Remove the hazard or hazardous work practice.

Fairly • 2. SUBSTITUTION – replace with less hazardous one


• 3. ISOLATION – Isolate the work area by wall or barriers
Effective • 4. ENGINEERING – Design, guarding & LEV

Least • 5. ADMINISTRATIVE – Safe work procedure, training, signage,


reduce exposure time. Treat as secondary measure.
• 6. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) – Last choice or

13
Effective as secondary measure.

1
Risk control
Hierarchy of Control (from Most
Effective to Least Effective)
ELIMINATION (Most Effective)
E • Removing a hazard / hazardous work practice from the workplace.

SUBSTITUTION (Fairly Effective)


S • Substituting or replacing a hazard / hazardous work practice with less hazardous one.

ISOLATION (Fairly Effective)


I • Isolating or separating a hazard / hazardous work from people not involved in the work or general work area.

ENGINEERING CONTROL (Fairly Effective)


E • If E, S or I not possible, then Engineering Control should be preferred. Example : Guarding, Modification & Automation

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL (Less Effective / Back-up)


A • Safe operating practices that could reduce the risk e.g. SOP, Training, Inspection & Audit, and Label & Signage

PPE or Personal Protective Equipment (Least Effective / Back-up)


P

OSH ProCare Consultant & Services, 24.8.22


INFORMATION FOR RISK CONTROL

• Information or ideas on control measures can be derived


from :

✔ DOSH Codes of Practice


✔ Corporate, Industry or Trade Associations Best Practice
✔ Specialists or Consultants
✔ MSDS’s
✔ Manufacturers and Suppliers
✔ Websites @ Internet
✔ Other Publications
Prepared by OSH ProCare
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

7 - RISK REVIEW
RISK REVIEW
Review control measures regularly because it must be maintained e.g. procedures and Safe System of Work. Modify if necessary.
Comply with national laws and regulations
Reflect good management practice by conducting :

• Behavioral audit. Focus on people’s actions & behavior


• Procedural audit. Ensure documented procedures followed e.g. Permit-to-Work, contractor safety, management of change &
induction
• Workplace inspection w. checklist. Focus on hardware e.g. guarding, housekeeping, racking, fire-extinguishers, emergency
doors & first-aid boxes
• Hygiene monitoring
• Preventive maintenance program
• Training/Refresher Training
• Personal skills review

Consider the current state of knowledge e.g. best manufacturing practice & benchmarking others.
Include information or report from organization e.g. DOSH, OSH Services etc.
Replace PPE

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

8 - Risk Management Cycle (HIRARC)


in Detail
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS CYCLE
(HIRARC)
Hazard
Identification
(HI)

Review the Risk


Controls Assessment
(RC) (RA)

Risk Control
(RC)

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL
WWF-Malaysia

1. Divide the site by functional area


2. Enlist and train others in risk management
3. Produce Job/Task Register & Critical Job Inventory
4. List all processes for each Job/Task
5. Identify all hazards related to each process step
6. Assess risks for all hazards
7. Review risk control adequacy
8. Prioritize actions
9. Identify further risk control actions
10. Monitor & review risks

13
8
OSH ProCare
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 1 : Divide the site by functional area

• Classify the site by department e.g. Purchasing, Raw Material Store,


Production, QA/QC Lab, Warehouse, Waste Processing and
Maintenance & Engineering

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 2 - Enlist & train others in risk management

1. Identify risk assessor for each department.

2. Train the identified assessors on risk management and later should be able to
conduct risk evaluation for each department.

3. Once the assessors are certified and competent to conduct the risk
evaluation, they could also train others as well.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 3 - Produce Job/Task Register & Critical Job Inventory


1. Produce Job/Task Register (JTR) for each department using the standard JTR form. Job/Task are
types of service provided by each department. For instance, Job/Task for Admin. Dept. is
food-handling, security and pest control.

2. Determine potential effect, consequences or loss for each Job/Task.

3. Using the Critical Job Inventory (CJI) form, state the worse case effect, consequences or loss for each
Job/Task and determine the Critical Rating of each Job/Task.

4. Based on this information, Job/Task with Very High (4) & High (3) Critical Rating or “red” & “orange”,
respectively shall be given priority in risk evaluation compared to Medium (2 or “yellow”) Critical
Rating.
Prepared by OSH ProCare
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 4 - List all processes for each Job/Task

1. Identify all processes for each Job/Task and record on the Risk Evaluation
sheet.

2. For example : For Production - Extrusion & Thermoforming

3. Further breakdown the process into sub-process if necessary.

4. Use the process flow-chart as guidance.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 5 - Identify all hazards related to each process step


1. Identify all hazards for each process using the 4 methods of Hazard Identification.

2. Conduct Job Safety & Health Analysis (JSHA) for critical process based on process flowchart.

3. Record hazard on the Risk Evaluation sheet.

4. Refer example of hazards such as :

• Extrusion – machine moving part

• Thermoforming – heated surface & cutting

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 6 – Assess risks for all hazards


1. Asses the risk for each hazard using the risk matrix where Risk = Severity x Likelihood

2. The Likelihood may be derived from :

• Accident record history on site or within the industry

• The control measures already in place i.e. machine guarding by design

3. Record the risk rating on the Risk Evaluation sheet.

4. For example : Sheet-forming @ Extrusion

• Severity = 4 (HIGH, May cause serious injury)

• Likelihood = 2 (UNLIKELY, since there’s a guarding system by design)

• Risk Rating = 4 x 2 = 8 (CAUTION)

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 7 – Review risk control adequacy

1. Review current control measures for each risk.

2. Review adequacy based on ESIEAP Hierarchy of Control measure.

3. Record the current & propose risk control action on the Risk Evaluation
sheet.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 8 – Prioritize actions

1. Prioritize the completion of the improvement actions based on risk


level or risk rating. For example, actions with :
• Priority No. 1 - Red (STOP) – To be completed within 3 months

• Priority No. 2 - Orange (ALERT ) – To be completed within 6 months

• Priority No. 3 - Yellow (CAUTION) – To be completed within 12 months

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 9 – Plan further risk control actions

1. Plan further risk control improvement actions based on ESIEAP principle on


the Risk Evaluation sheet.

2. Appoint PIC (Person-in-Charge) & specify completion deadline for each


action.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN DETAIL

• STEP 10 – Monitor & review risk

1. Establish a system to monitor the improvement actions on periodical basis


e.g. quarterly.

2. Review the residual risk rating upon completion of each action on the Risk
Evaluation sheet.

Prepared by OSH ProCare


RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS CHECKLIST

Start Due
No. Process Action Date Status
Date

1 Divide the site by functional area


2 Enlist and train others in risk management
3 Produce Job/Task Register & Critical Job Inventory
4 List all processes for each Job/Task
5 Identify all hazards related to each process step
6 Assess risks for all hazard s
7 Review risk control adequacy
8 Prioritize actions
9 Plan further risk control actions
10 Monitor & review risk
Prepared by OSH ProCare
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 2

9 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK


ASSESSMENT (OHRA)
HEALTH HAZARDS & RISKS

CHEMICAL

PHYSICAL

BIOLOGICAL

ORGANIZATIONAL
(PSYCHO-SOCIAL)

ERGONOMICAL

15
OSH ProCare
1 151
Occupational CHEMICAL

Type of Exposure Regulatory Work Group


Requirement Exposed

Schedule I e.g. White Spirit, 1.OSH (Control of Industrial


Toluene, Xylene, Total Major AccidentHazard
Hazards ) R/M Store, Production &
Hydrocarbon (Hexane), Risk Reg 1996 Identificatio Lab - Deco & Pack,
Crystalline Silica, Total Dust, Review 2. OSH (Prohibition of Use
n (HI) M&E, FG Warehouse &
Calcium Carbonate and Mica of Substance) Order 1999 Administration
& Talc
3. OSH (Use & Std. of
Risk
Exposure of Chemicals
Risk Hazardous toAssessmen
Health) Reg.
Control
2000 t (RA)
Schedule II e.g. Free (RC 4.OSH (Classification,
Crystalline Silica, n-Hexane, Labelling and Safety Data
Toluene & Xylene Sheet of Hazardous
Chemicals) Regulations
2013 (CLASS Regulations)

152
Occupational Health Hazard
CHEMICAL

Area & Personal


Risk Assessment Hazard Health Surveillance
Exposure
Risk Monitoring
Identificatio
Review n (HI)

Risk Required for chemicals


Risk Assessmen
Every 5 years. listed in Schedule II,
Control t (RA) USECHH 2000 i.e. Free
Chemical Health Risk (RC Annually Crystalline Silica,
Assessment (CHRA) n-Hexane, Toluene &
Xylene

153
PHYSICAL - NOISE

Type of Exposure Regulatory Work Group


Requirement
Hazard Exposed
Risk Identificatio
Review n (HI)

Raw Material Store,


Risk Production, Production
Risk 1.OSH (NoiseAssessmen
Exposure)
Noise Control Reg. 2019 t (RA)
Lab, Warehouse, Maint.
& Eng. and Admin.
(RC

154
Occupational Health Hazard

PHYSICAL –NOISE

Exposure
Health
(Hygiene)
Surveillance
Monitoring
Hazard
Risk Identificatio
Review
Personal Noise n (HI)
Monitoring – Worker Audiometric Test
exposure to noise
Risk on periodical basis
Risk Assessmen
Control t (RA)
(RC
Area Noise
Mapping – Level
of noise from
source
155
Occupational Health Hazard

ERGONOMICS – VDU

Type of Exposure Regulatory


Hazard
Work Group
Risk Requirement
Identificatio Exposed
Review n (HI)

Risk
Risk 1.OSH Amended
AssessmenAct Employees working ≥
Control(2022) Section
t (RA)
18A 3 hr./day or
Visual Display Unit (VDU)
(RC (Duties of Principal) and continuously 2 hours
18 B(Duty to conduct Risk with laptop & desktop
Asseessment) computers

156
Occupational Health Hazard
ERGONOMICS – VDU

Health Risk Exposure Health


Assessment Monitoring Surveillance

Hazard
Risk Identificatio
Health Assessment Review n (HI) Health Assessment
on VDU users None
on periodical basis
Risk
Risk Assessmen
Control t (RA)
(RC
Workplace
Assessment on
VDU users

157
Occupational Health Hazard
BIOLOGICAL @ FOOD-HANDLING

Type of Exposure Regulatory Work Group


Requirement Exposed

Hazard
Risk 1.Food Act 1983 & Food Regulations
Identificatio
Microorganisms e.g. bacteria 1985
& virus Review n (2022)
(HI)Section Food handlers at the
2. OSH Amended Act kitchen, cafeteria & tea-lady
18A (Duties of Principal) and 18
B(Duty to conduct Risk Asseessment)

Risk
Risk Assessmen
Insects e.g. flies Control t (RA)
(RC

Plants e.g. fungus, yeast &


mold
158
Occupational Health Hazard

BIOLOGICAL @ FOOD-HANDLING

Health Risk
Exposure Monitoring
Hazard Health Surveillance
Assessment Risk Identificatio
Review n (HI)

Risk
Risk Assessmen
Health Assessment for Control t (RA) Health Assessment on
food handlers & (RC None
periodical basis
typhoid vaccination

159
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM & ORGANIZATION &


FACILITY
Occupational Health Management

Alcohol & substance abuse policy (ASAP), ASAP


(OHP01) is available in BM & English based on Std. 15
& GN03.

Smoking policy, Smoking & Smoke Free Workplace


Risk
policy (OHP04)
Review is available in BM & English based
on GN05.The policy also supported by HSE&S
Procedure P07-12a
Risk
Undesirable behavior
Control policy - Workplace violence,
harassment (sexual,
(RC) religious, etc.). Improper
Occupational Behavior Policy or IOBP (OHP03) is
available in BM & English

161
Occupational Health

Risk Management System

1. Internal / External
1. Work-place Related
Audit
2. Individual
2. Periodic Review & 3. Organizational
Follow-up
3. Recordkeeping HEALTH
REVIEW &
HAZARD
RECORDKEEPI Hazard
INPUT IDENTIFICATIO
Risk NG OUTPUT
IdentificatioN OBJECTIVES
•Vision Review n (HI) Culture of
•Hazard Health
•Healthy Workers
•Legislation •Compliance to
•3rd. Party Regulations
Input
RiskHEALTH RISK HEALTH RISK
CONTROL ASSESSMENT
Control
1. Exposure Control 1. Qualitative IHRA
(RC) 2. Quantitative
2. Health Assessment
Assessment
3. Training
3. Vulnerable Group
4. Health Promotion
4. Questionnaire Survey
5. Fitness to Work
5. Trigger Point Control

162
Occupational Health Management System
OVERVIEW

An integral part of business management

Assess health hazards and risk


systematically

Minimize health risks through risk-oriented


health program

Aim at establishing a Culture of Health

163
Occupational Health Management System
OBJECTIVES

Prevent harm to the Adapt work to the


health of employees Promote health of capabilities of all
/ contractors due to employees / employees in relation
on-site / off-site contractors to their physical and
hazards exposure mental health

164
Health Hazard Identification

CLASSIFICATION

Work-place
Individual Organizational
Related
Health Health
Health

165
Health Hazard Identification
1 - WORKPLACE-RELATED HEALTH

Physical Exposure to Biological Workplace


Hazardous Exposures Ergonomic
Factors
Chemicals & • Microbiological Work • Lifting and Load
• Noise • Test Animal Contact Carrying
Dusts • Airborne • Pushing, Pulling &
• Lighting
• CRM (Carcinogenic / Microbiological Heaving
• Radiation Reprotoxic / Mutagenic Contaminations • Work Positions
• Indoor Climate Substances) • Waterborne • Repetitive Motion
• Other Dangerous Microbiological
& Extreme Chemicals
• Control Room
Contaminations Instrument (Meters &
Temperatures • Respirable Dusts &
Fibres • Animal Pests e.g. Signals) and Alarm
• Vibrations Rats Layout
• Dermal Exposures
• Tobacco Smoke
(“Passive Smoking”)

166
Health Hazard Identification

2 - INDIVIDUAL HEALTH

Presence of capacity for First-Aid / Medical Treatment for


emergencies;

Periodic health assessment / checks including preventive screening;

Medical provisions for business travelers / expatriates

Health promotion programs (heavy-lifting training, work-home (life)


balance and lifestyle issues like obesity and physical exercise)

Employee Assistance Program (stress management, alcohol / drug


abuse, conflict at works and, anxiety & depression)

167
Health Hazard Identification

3 - ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH

Organizational Specific Vulnerable Groups Sickness


Stress Factors WWF-Malaysia • Ageing Worker Absenteeism &
Health Policies • Young Reintegration
• Management Style
Adolescents • Registration,
• Shift Work • Alcohol & Monitoring & Analysis
• Overload/Underload Substance Abuse • Pregnant & (TIAR & OIFR)
Leading to Policy Breast-feeding • Disease Management
Stress/Burnout • Smoking Policy Women • Disability
• Responsibility , • Undesirable Management &
Accountability and • Disabled Rehabilitation (Return
Behavior /
Resource Misfit Harassment Policy Workers to Work)
• Presenteism

168
Occupational Health Management

SYSTEM via HIRARC


• Identify OH hazard
Hazard
Identification

• Identify Hazard Severity & Likelihood of Exposure


Risk
Assessment

• Control hazards via ESIEAP (OH Program) approach to provide early treatment
• Eliminate Hazard e.g. Design @ HAZOP, Purchasing Policy
• Substitute e.g. Non or Less Hazardous Chemicals
• Isolate e.g. Room, LEV (Local Exhaust Ventilation)
• Engineering e.g. LEV Exam. & Test., Auto Control Process & Closed System
• Admin e.g. SOP, Train & Educate Both Management & Workers, Conduct Health Assessment (Surveillance) to Provide Early Treatment,
Risk Control Hygiene Monitoring, Health Promotion Program to Promote Healthy Lifestyle
• PPE

169
Occupational Health Services

OH
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

PROMOTION & PREVENTION STRATEGY


Lifestyle Factors
Workplace Factors

PREVENTIO 1.Man
1.Smoking PROMOTIO
N 2.Alcohol & Drug Abuse N
2.Machine/Equipment
3.Diet & Nutrition
3.Material
4.Physical Exercise
4.Method/Process
5.Immunization
5.Environment
6.Stress

OH Diseases
&
Workplace
Accidents
Elimination

170
Occupational Health Program
Occupational Health
TYPES OF PREVENTION
PREVENTION

TERTIARY •Disability Assessment


•Physiotherapy
Limited Disability & •Compensation
Rehabilitation •Back-to-Work

SECONDARY
Early Detection of Hazard, •Health Monitoring
•First Aid
Disease & Provision of Early •ERP
Treatment

•Regulations
PRIMARY •Control Measures
Health Promotion & Specific Protection •Immunization
•Universal Precaution

171
Occupational Health Service
PROGRAM
Health Promotion & Education

Hygiene (Exposure) Monitoring

LEV Examination & Testing

Fitness to Work Assessment

Health Risk Assessment

Health Surveillance including Medical Surveillance & Biological Monitoring

Health Risk Control

Ergonomics - Suiting the Work & Work Environment To the Worker

Medication Treatment

First Aid & Medical Aid

Impairment Assessment

Data Collection, Analysis & Recordkeeping

172
Occupational Health Service

PROGRAM - EXAMPLE
Pre-employment Medicals - Fit for Work

Sickness/Absence, particularly over 20 Days

Work Related Stress Reduction

Driver Medicals - Eyesight, Blood Pressure etc.

Workstation Assessments

Symptoms Due to the Work Environment e.g. Musculoskeletal

International Travel - Immunizations, Travel Pack, SOS Card

Pregnancy – Workplace Assessment

Individual support following change in health which could affect work

Training & Health Talk e.g. Health Promotion & Substance Abuse
173
Occupational Health Service

BENEFITS
Contribute to the overall success and productivity of the business by :

Reducing risks of work on health, and health on work

Compliance with statutory duties

Support management and employee’s in reduction of sickness absence,


illness and injury

174
Occupational Health

HEALTH ASSESSMENT PROGRAM


Health Assessment Program

PURPOSE

✔ To ensure that employees are


healthy and continue to be fit to
carry out the work

✔ To demonstrate that working


conditions are not adversely
affecting the health of employees
or to identify at an early stage any
variation in their health

176
Health Assessment Program

OBJECTIVE
To establish baseline health data

To identify early symptom and protect individuals

To evaluate the adequacy of control measures, health-based occupational exposure levels in


particular

To monitor the uptake of a substance by the measurement of that substance

To identify medical conditions caused by past exposure to a hazard

177
Occupational Health

HEALTH ASSESSMENT PROGRAM


Confined Space Entry / Hazardous Work at
Heights

Video Display Unit (VDU)

Driving – Car on Company Business

Driving - Specialized Vehicles (Lorry &


Forklift Truck)

Food Handling

178
Occupational Health

HEALTH ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

Hearing Conservation

Chemical Hazardous to Health

Self-contained Breathing Apparatus


(SCBA)

Sewage Handling

Chemicals Causing Dermatitis

179
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 3

Workplace Inspection & Observation and


JHA
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 3

9 - Workplace Inspection &


Observation
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 3

10 - Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)


Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
⚫ Also knows as Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

⚫ Help operate a safe system of work and formulate safe work procedure/instruction

⚫ The written procedures are the basis for all job training by ensuring all aspects of

the job is covered and later should be incorporated into procedures manual.
⚫ Ideally all jobs should have a JHA

⚫ Factors considered when assigning priority of jobs for JHA :

Job with high incident frequency


Job with high hazard severity
Newly established job
Infrequently performed / non-routine jobs / emergency activities
Prepared by OSH ProCare
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

List things that can


go wrong

May still require other


risk controls

Supervisor and
workers involved

Prepared by OSH ProCare


Basic Procedure for JHA
1. Select the job to be analyzed
2. Break down the job into max. 10 steps in order. Each sentence is started with an
action verb.
3. Critically observe and examine each component part of the job to determine
potential hazards or accidents.
4. Develop preventive measures to eliminate or reduce risks based on hierarchy of
control.
5. Formulate written safe systems of work and job safety instructions for the job.
6. Review safe system of work and job safety & health practices periodically

Prepared by OSH ProCare


JHA – Example : Changing a flat tire
Potential Accidents or
No. Sequence of Steps Preventive Measures
Hazards

1 Park vehicle Vehicle to close to passing traffic Drive to area where’s clear of traffic.
Turn on hazard warning lights.

Vehicle on uneven & soft ground Choose a firm & level area.

Vehicle may roll Apply the parking brake; leave


transmission in gear or in PARK
mode; place block in front and back of
the wheel
2 Remove spare and toolkit Strain from lifting spare Turn spare into upright position in the
well. Using your legs and standing as
close as possible, lift spare out of the
boot and roll to flat tire.

3 And so on …..

Prepared by OSH ProCare


JHA – Example : Changing a flat tire
(in narrative style format for communicating as instructions to
employees)

1. Park vehicle
a. Drive vehicle off the road to an area well clear of traffic, even if it requires driving with a
flat tire. Turn on the hazard warning lights to alert passing drivers, so that they will not
hit you.
b. Choose a firm and level area so that you can jack up the vehicle without moving.
c. Apply the parking brake, leave the transmission in gear or PARK mode, place block in
front and back of the wheel. These actions will help prevent the vehicle from rolling.
2. Remove spare and tool kit
a. To avoid back strain, turn the spare up into an upright position in the well. Stand as close
to the trunk as possible and slide the spare close to your body. Lift out and roll to flat
tire.
3. and so on …

Prepared by OSH ProCare


OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

Validation, Competency, Test & WPA


Kick-off
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

VALIDATION
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
VALIDATION
1. Based on successful completion of the following type of validation :
1. Attendance - Full 4 days completion
2. Written Test - 30%
3. Workplace Assignment - 70%
2. Candidate who fails to meet any of the above-stated requirement
shall repeat the test accordingly within the specified time given by the
examiner.
3. Refer to the detailed COMPETENCY CRITERIA in the Table below.

19
OSH ProCare
0 190
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

COMPETENCY CRITERIA
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
COMPETENCY CRITERIA
No. Type of Validation Type # Answers Full Score Passing Mark Duration
1 Attendance Day N/A 4 3.5 4 days
2 Written Test (2 Parts) 1. Objective Q 20 20 15 20 min.
2. Subjective Q 10 10 7.5 10 min.
3 Workplace Assignment Report 7 70 52.5 1 week
COMPETENCY TOTAL 37 100 75

Written Test Requirement

1. Answer all the questions within the specified time of 45 min.


2. Use the standard question paper provided.
3. The passing mark for the test is as shown in the Table above.
4. Candidate who fails to meet any of the section shall repeat the test accordingly within
the specified time given by the examiner.
19
Prepared by OSH ProCare
2
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

WRITTEN TEST
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
WRITTEN TEST

1. Answer all the questions within the specified time of 45 min.


2. Use the standard question paper provided.
3. The passing mark for the test is as shown in the Table
above.
4. Candidate who fails to meet any of the section shall repeat
the test accordingly within the specified time given by the
examiner.

19
Prepared by OSH ProCare
4
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency Training
WWF-Malaysia

DAY 4

WORKPLACE ASSIGNMENT (WPA) &


WPA KICK-OFF
OSH Risk Management Assessor Competency
Training
WWF-Malaysia, Petaling Jaya
WORKPLACE ASSIGNMENT (WPA)
• Successful completion of one (1) OSH Risk Assessment (OSHRA) Report for his/her own work site.
•• Report
Completion of min.
shall be in1 Risk
twoEvaluation
(2) setsReport for your and
of hardcopy work meet
area/department.
acceptable reporting standard
• If > 1 completed, bonus point will be given.
• The report shall be < 10 pages comprises of :
• Report must meet acceptable standard.
1. Front Cover
• Deadline
2. Table: TBDof
(max. 2 weeks)
Content
• Use
3. theExecutive
Risk Evaluation Sheet
Summary – 10 points
4. Result & Findings – 60 points
1. HIRARC Form (based on 3 Safety Risks)
2. OHRA Form (based on 3 Health Risks)
5. Conclusion
• The Report shall be mailed to OSH ProCare upon completion by the given deadline.
• Duration : < 1 weeks (7 days)

19
Prepared by OSH ProCare
6
THE END

TERIMAKASIH & THANK


YOU
www.oshprocare.com.my

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