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Dry-lining a wall means attaching plasterboard to a wall, which gives you a smooth finish to
decorate straight away. It's much easier to get a good result this way than with wet plaster and it
is easier alternative to re-plastering.
FIXINGS TECHNIQUES
1. Nails
Nails are an ancient method of holding two items together and although crude, they are relatively
cheap and simple to use. They are mainly used in timber applications for example, to hold
together glued joints, for attaching plasterboard to walls and ceilings, and for nailing down
floorboards and roof battens.
2. Screws
Unlike nails which are hammered in, screws require fixing with a screwdriver. For this purpose,
they come with various head shapes – slotted, cross-head (Phillips) or other – and in a choice
of materials. When fixing materials together or attaching items to a wall, screws can be
preferable to nails as they typically give a better clamping force and can also be removed and
reinstated in a reverse process to that of fixing.
When used in masonry walls however, rawl plugs are required to give a better grip into
the material being fixed into, whether masonry or concrete. In these applications, screws are not
driven into the wall directly but into a rawl plug (usually plastic) that is inserted into a drilled
hole. These are available in moulded or extruded plastic or
the traditional fibre material. Expansion sleeves are also available for use with masonry nails and
are used for fixing wall linings and skirting boards.
In woodwork, when screws are used with an adhesive, there is usually no need to
temporarily clamp together the two pieces as might be needed when just using an adhesive.
Screws are typically made of mild steel, but are also available in corrosion-resistant stainless
steel and brass. Some may also be plated with zinc, chrome or brass.
The head, which determines which type of screwdriver can be used – e.g whether cross-
head or slotted – and allows the screw to be driven. The screw head itself can take
various forms according to the work in hand. These include countersunk, roundhead (or
domed), raised head, mirror screws or pan head (self-tapping)
The shaft, which comprises a shank (and which acts as a dowel) below the head, and the
threaded portion which is generally around two thirds of the shaft length and ends in a point to
allow easier starting.
Screws are usually described by their length and their shank diameter (gauge or SWG – usually a
number from 1-20).
Other accessories that can be used with screws include caps, cups and sockets.
A bolt is a type of fastener, usually made from metal, that commonly comprises a head at one
end, a chamfer at the other, and a shaft characterised by an external helical ridge known as a
‘thread’. Bolts are typically used to hold materials or objects together, or to position objects.
The chamfer at the opposite end of the head provides a slightly bevelled edge which helps with
inserting the bolt into holes and nuts. Bolts typically (but not always) require a nut which is
applied via torque while the bolt is held in place (or vice versa). Vibration or
dynamic loads may loosen nuts, necessitating the use of locknuts, lock washers or thread lockers
which can provide resistance to loosening.
A range of special wall fixings are available which can be used to provide fixings in
hollow walls. As the screw is turned into the anchor/ fixing, grippers expand to apply a force on
the other side of the material, be it plasterboard or ply etc, thereby giving a good grip and fixing.
4. Rivets
6. Welding
Welding is a technique that can be used to join metallic components through the application
of heat. It produces a secure and strong joint by combining two metals into one rather than other
processes such as brazing and soldering that bond the pieces together.
Others
Soldering.
Clamps or cramps.
Crimps.
Staples.
2. Wooden Skirting- Wooden skirting is used for ornamental and traditional looking decors.
3. Metal Skirting- Stainless steel is the material used for metal skirting. SS skirting gives a
rich and modern look to the home space.
5. Flush Skirting-In this, the skirting and the plastering are on the same level as they both
flush with each other. This skirting technique gives a seamless look to the interior space.
As the wall and the skirting are on the same level, they do not catch dust quickly as in the
case of other skirtings, where they stay projected out of the walls.
6. Double Layered Skirting-Double layered skirting helps to give a detailed design to the
room.
-SHELVING
-CORNICES
-CUPBOARD FITTINGS