Column Design: Design Calculations Page 1 of 11

COLUMN DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Project Name : 4 STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING
Client Name : MARIA M. VICENTE
Engineer Name : VANESSA C MOSATALLA
Design File : C:\Users\USER\Desktop\4 STOREY SCHOOL
BUILDING\RCDC\C1.rcdx
Analysis File : C:\Users\USER\Desktop\4 STOREY SCHOOL
BUILDING\STAAD\SUBSTRUCTURE.STD
Analysis Last Modified : 23/01/2024 10:37:15 PM

Definitions Of Terms:
All forces in units 'kN' and 'm'
All reinforcement details like area, spacing in 'mm'
Neutral axis angle for resultant design moment is with respect to local major axis.
Ratio to account for reduction of stiffness of
1 βdns =
columns due to sustained axial loads
Moment magnification factor for frames not braced
2 δns =
against sidesway
First-order relative deflection between the top and
3 ∆o =
bottom of the story due to Vu in 'kN'
Total factored vertical load in 'kN'. (Clause
4 ∑Pu =
406.6.4.4)
5 δu = Design displacement in 'mm'
Modification factor reflecting the reduced
6 λ =
mechanical properties Of concrete
Coefficient defining the relative contribution Of
7 ac =
concrete strength To nominal wall shear strength
Cross-sectional area of a structural member
8 Ach = measured to the outside edges of transverse
reinforcement in 'sqmm'
Gross area of concrete section bounded by web
9 Acv = thickness And length of section in the direction Of
shear force considered in 'sqmm'
Effective cross-sectional area within a joint In a
10 Aj = plane parallel To plane Of reinforcement generating
shear In the joint in 'sqmm'
Area Of non-prestressed longitudinal tension
11 As =
reinforcement in 'sqmm'
Minimum area Of shear reinforcement within
12 Avmin =
spacing 's' in 'sqmm'
13 B = Width of column/ wall in 'mm'
14 beff = Effective Width of column/ wall in 'mm'
Cross-sectional dimension of member core
15 bc1 and dc1 = measured to the outside edges of the transverse
reinforcement composing area Ash in 'mm'
Distance from extreme compression fiber to neutral
16 c =
axis in 'mm'
17 Cc = Clear cover to longitudinal reinforcement in 'mm'
Factor relating actual moment diagram to an
18 Cm =
equivalent uniform moment diagram

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19 D = Depth / diameter of column in 'mm'

20 deff = Effective Depth / diameter of column in 'mm'
Distance from extreme compression fiber to
21 d = centroid of longitudinal tension reinforcement in
'mm'
Distance from extreme compression fiber to
22 d' = centroid of longitudinal compression
reinforcement,'mm'
23 Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete in 'N/sqmm'
Flexural stiffness of compression member in
24 EI =
'Nsqmm'
Specified compressive strength of concrete cylinder
25 f'c =
in 'N/sqmm'
Specified yield strength of reinforcement in
26 fy =
'N/sqmm'
Specified yield strength fy of transverse
27 fyt =
reinforcement in 'N/sqmm'
Height of entire wall from base to top of wall
28 hw =
segment considered in 'mm'
29 Icr = Moment of Inertia of concrete crack section
30 k = Effective length factor for compression member
Length of compression member in a frame,
31 lc = measured center-to-center of the joints in the frame
in 'mm'
Moment of inertia of gross concrete section about
32 lg =
centroidal axis neglecting reinforcement in 'mm4'
33 lw = Length of entire wall in 'mm'
Un-supported length for compression member
34 lux =
along D in 'mm'
Un-supported length for compression member
35 luy =
along B in 'mm'
Moment capacity of section for a given NA angle at
36 MCap =
design Pu in 'kNm '
37 Mcr = Cracking Moment
Resultant design moment at a given load angle to
38 MRes =
local major axis in 'kNm '
Factored moment amplified for the effects of
39 Mc = member curvature used for design of compression
member in 'kNm'
Factored moment modified to account for effect of
40 Mm =
axial compression in 'kNm'
Factored moment along D of column modified to
41 Mmx =
account for effect of axial compression in 'kNm'
Factored moment along D of column modified to
42 Mmy =
account for effect of axial compression in 'kNm'
Sqrt (Mmy^2 + Mmx^2) for circular column in
43 Mur =
'kNm'
Factored moment acting on a section along D in
44 Mux =
'kNm' from Analysis (Momemt About Major Axis)
Factored moment acting on a section along B in
45 Muy =
'kNm' from Analysis (Momemt About Minor Axis)

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Smaller factored end moment on a compression

46 M1 =
member in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on a compression member at
47 M1ns = the end at which M1 acts, due to loads that cause no
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on compression member at
48 M1s = the end at which M1 acts, due to loads that cause
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Smaller factored end moment on a compression
49 M1sldr =
member due to slenderness effect in 'kNm'
Larger factored end moment on compression
50 M2 =
member in 'kNm'
Minimum value of moment M2 as per minimum
51 M2min =
eccentricity of column
Factored end moment on compression member at
52 M2ns = the end at which M2 acts, due to loads that cause no
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Factored end moment on compression member at
53 M2s = the end at which M2 acts, due to loads that cause
appreciable sidesway in 'kNm'
Largest factored end moment on a compression
54 M2sldr =
member due to slenderness effect in 'kNm'
55 Mnb = Flexure Capacity for Beam
56 Mnc = Flexure Capacity for Column
Nominal Flexure strength of column at top along
57 Mnty =
depth in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at bottom
58 Mnby =
along depth in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at top along
59 Mntx =
width in 'kNm'
Nominal Flexure strength of column at bottom
60 Mnbx =
along width in 'kNm'
Factored axial force normal to cross section
61 Nu =
occurring simultaneously with Vu in 'kN'
62 Pc = Critical buckling load in 'kN'
Ratio of area of distributed transverse
63 pt = reinforcement to gross concrete area perpendicular
to that reinforcement
64 Pω = Ratio of As to B x d
65 Q = Stability index for storey
Radius of gyration of cross section of a compression
66 r =
member in 'mm'
Nominal shear strength provided by concrete in
67 Vc =
'kN'
68 Vj = Shear Force acting at the joint in 'kN'
69 Vn = Nominal shear strength in 'kN'
70 Vn' = Nominal shear strength at joint in 'kN'
nominal shear strength provided by shear
71 Vs =
reinforcement in 'kN'
Maximum nominal shear strength provided by
72 Vs permissible =
shear reinforcement in 'kN'
Factored resultant shear force acting on the column

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73 Vur = in 'kN'
74 Vus = Factored horizontal shear in a storey in 'kN'
Factored shear at section along B in 'kN' (From
75 Vux =
Analysis)
Shear induced due to column flexural capacity
76 Vux1 =
along width,'kN'
Shear due to enhanced earthquake factor along
77 Vux2 =
width, 'kN'
Factored shear at section along D in 'kN' (From
78 Vuy =
Analysis)
Shear induced due to column flexural capacity
79 Vuy1 =
along depth, 'kN'
Shear due to enhanced earthquake factor along
80 Vuy2 =
depth, 'kN'
81 y = Neutral axis depth.
It is a Neutral Axis angle corresponding to load
82 β =
angle to find out MCap
Center to center spacing of transverse reinforcement
83 So =
within the length lo in 'mm'
Length, measured from joint face along axis of
84 lo = member, over which special transverse
reinforcement must be provided in 'mm'

Code References:
NSCP C101 - 2015
Sr.No Element Clause / table
Minimum area of longitudinal
1 : 418.7.4
reinforcement for column
Maximum area of longitudinal
2 : 418.7.4
reinforcement for column
Minimum longitudinal and transverse
3 : 418.10.2.1
reinforcement for wall
4 Minimum diameter of transverse ties : 425.7.2
5 Minimum spacing of transverse ties : 425.7.2
Maximum spacing of longitudinal and
6 : 418.10.2.1
transverse reinforcement for wall
7 Applicability of boundary element : 418.10.6
Area and spacing of special confining
8 : 418.7.5
reinforcement
9 Slenderness Moments : 406.2.5
Shear Strength provided by concrete for
10 : 422.5.5
column
11 Design of shear for non-ductile wall : 411.5.4
12 Design of shear for ductile wall : 418.10.4.1
13 Minimum Flexural Strength of Columns : 418.7.3
14 Shear Check at Column Joint : 418.8.4.1

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15 Shear Strength of Column : 418.3.3, 418.4 & 418.6.5

16 fs,perm : 424.3.2.1
17 fc,perm : A.3.1 (ACI 318-99)
18 Wcr : Eq 1-2 ( ACI 224R-01)
Lateral Load case is not been considered in analysis

General Data
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12,
Column No. :
C13,
C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19, C20, C21, C22, C23,
C24,
C25, C26, C27, C28, C29, C30, C31, C32, C33, C34,
C35,
C36, C37, C38, C39, C40, C41, C42, C43, C44, C45,
C46,
C47, C48
Level : 0 m To 2 m
Frame Type = Lateral
Response Modification Coefficient = 3
Design Code = NSCP C101 - 2015
Grade Of Concrete (f'c) = C25 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Main) = Fy420 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel (Shear) = Fy420 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Flexural Design = Fy420 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel - Shear Design = Fy420 N/sqmm
Consider Ductile = Yes
Type of Frame = Special
Column B = 600 mm
Column D = 600 mm
Clear Cover, Cc = 40 mm
Clear Floor Height @ lux = 1450 mm
Clear Floor Height @ luy = 1450 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 48
Strength Reduction Factor φ (Shear) = 0.6

Flexural Design (Analysis Forces)

Analysis Reference No. = 343
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 4
Load Combination = [2] : (LOAD 1: DL)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put = 164.64 kN
Muxt = 149.77 kNm
Muyt = 4.51 kNm
Vuxt = 3.97 kN
Vuyt = -15.91 kN

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Pub = 181.61 kN
Muxb = 117.95 kNm
Muyb = -3.42 kNm
Vuxb = 3.97 kN
Vuyb = -15.91 kN

Check For Stability Index

Along D
Q = 0.01
0.01< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Along B
Q = 0.01
0.01< 0.05, Column shall be designed as non-sway frame
(Braced)

Slenderness Check
Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check along D
k = 1
r = 173.2 mm
Kluy /r = 8.37
M1 = 117.95 kNm
M2 = 149.77 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 24.55
8.37 < 24.55, Column not slender along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check along B
k = 1
r = 173.2 mm
Klux /r = 8.37
M1 = -3.42 kNm
M2 = 4.51 kNm
Min (40, 34 - 12 x (M1/M2)) = 40
8.37 < 40, Column not slender along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Msldr or Mc Mdesign-final
A B C
Major Axis Mux (top) 149.77 - 149.77
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 117.95 - 117.95
Minor Axis Muy (top) 4.51 - 4.51
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) -3.42 - -3.42

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Where
A = Moments from analysis
B = Moment due to slenderness effect
C = Final design Moment = Maximum of (Manalysis, Maximum of (Msldr or Mc))

Final Critical Design Forces

Critical Case - Axial Load & BiAxial Bending
Pu = 164.64 kN
Mux = 149.77 kNm
Muy = 4.51 kNm

Φ Pn, Max Check

Critical Analysis Load Combination = 3
Load Combination = [1] : (LOAD 1: DL) +(LOAD 2: LL)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 2015.68 kN
Mux = 7.57 kNm
Muy = -24.66 kNm
Pt Calculated = 2.18
φ Pn, Max = 5606.51 kN
Pu < φ Pn, Max Hence, OK

Minimum Ast Calculation

Critical Analysis Load Combination = 3
Load Combination = [1] : (LOAD 1: DL) +(LOAD 2: LL)
Pu-max from all Combinations = 2015.68 kN
Pt required for Pu-max = 0 %
Pt min (User Defined) = 1 %
Minimum Pt required = 1 %

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 2.18
Reinforcement Provided = 16-#25
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 1.72 deg
MRes = 149.84 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 744.28 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.201 < 1

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Beam Capacity At Joint:

Beam Table For Shear Along B & Shear Along D
Level = 2m
Analysis Reference Number = C1
Beams at Level: Top Joint
Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam at Moment Capacity Beam at Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Ast req Ast pro Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Top Top Bot @ Bot @
Mu Mu
cap cap @ D @ B D B
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
(sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
400 x
0 33.41 90.19 669.57 791.7 139.14 0 521.98 565.5 100.87 139.14 0 100.87 0
550
400 x
270 10.55 3.17 521.98 565.5 100.79 0 521.98 565.5 100.87 0 100.79 0 100.87
550

Effective Moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top - 139.14 100.79 -
Bottom - 100.87 100.87 -

Shear Calculation
Along D Along B
(Analysis Forces)
Lu (mm) 1450 1450
Pu Top (kN) 164.64 164.64
Mnt (kNm) 888.31 889.25
Pu Bottom (kN) 181.61 181.61
Mnb (kNm) 890.63 891.54
Vu1 (kN) 1226.85 1228.13
Shear from Beam Capacity at Joint
Moment Mnt (kNm) MAX((left,Bot + Right,Top), (left,Top +
Right,Bot))
139.14 100.87
Moment Mnb (kNm) MAX((Left,Top + Right,Bot), (Right,Top +
Left,Bot))
0 0
Lu (mm) 1450 1450
Vu2 (kN) 95.96 69.56
Critical Analysis Load 4 3
Combination
Critical Load [2] : (LOAD 1: DL) [1] : (LOAD 1: DL) +
Combination (LOAD 2: LL)
Nu (kN) 1564.27 325.4
Mu (kNm) 0.45 3.68
Vu3 (kN) -0.82 -1.4
Vu' (kN) Minimum(Vu1, Vu2)
95.96 69.56
Design Shear, Vu (kN) Maximum(Vu', Vu3)
95.96 69.56
λ 1 1
φ 0.6 0.6

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Deff (mm) 547.5 547.5

ρw (50% of As 0.012 0.012
provided)
Mm (kNm) -361.78 -71.67
φVc (kN) 429.65 321.08
Check Vu < φVc Vu < φVc
Link For Shear Design Not Required Not Required

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links

Maximum Longitudinal Diameter = Dia Of Rebar

Rebar Number of bundled bar, D1 = 25
Diameter of bundled bar, D1 = 25 mm
Bundled Rebar = No
Minimum diameter of link >= 9.5 mm
Provided Link Rebar Number = 10
Provided Diameter of link = 10 mm

Criterion for spacing of normal links

Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 400 mm
48 x diameter of links = 480 mm
Min. Dimension of column = 600 mm

Spacing Criteria as per Vs &

0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff
Along D
Vs = 0 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 542.02 kN
Vs <=
Check 0.33*Sqrt (f'c)
*B*d
d/2 = 273.75 mm
600 = 600 mm

Along B
Vs = 0 kN
0.33*Sqrt (f'c)*Aeff = 542.02 kN
Vs
Check <=0.33*Sqrt
(f'c)*B*d
b/2 = 273.8 mm
600 = 600 mm
Provided spacing = 200 mm

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Criterion for spacing of Ductile

links / Links at Beam column Joint:
fyt = 420 N/sqmm
Along D
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x B x 1000 / fyt
= 442.86 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 500 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 500 sqmm/m

Along B
Av/s min-1 = 0.062 x Sqrt(f'c) x D x 1000 / fyt
= 442.86 sqmm/m
Av/s min-2 0.35 x B x 1000 / fyt
= 500 sqmm/m
Av/s min = Max ( Av/s min-1, Av/s min-2)
= 500 sqmm/m
Criterion for spacing of Ductile
links:
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia x 6 = 150 mm
B/4 = 150 mm
So = 150 mm
Max 150 mm = 150 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

per NSCP C101 - 2015
Load Combination = [1] : (LOAD 1: DL) +(LOAD 2: LL)
Pu = 2015.68 kN
Check for Ash
0.3 x Ag x f'c = 2700 kN
Pu <= 0.3 x
Ag x f'c
f'c = 25 N/sqmm
f'c <= 70
Along D
No of bars along D = 5
S1 = 150 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
bc1 = 544 mm
Ach = 295936 sqmm
AshD1 = 315.44 sqmm
AshD2 = 437.14 sqmm
AshD (Max (AshD1, AshD2)) = 437.14 sqmm
AshD Provided = 565.49 sqmm
Along B
No of bars along B = 5

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S1 = 150 mm
Ag = 360000 sqmm
dc1 = 544 mm
Ach = 295936 sqmm
AshB1 = 315.44 sqmm
AshB2 = 437.14 sqmm
AshB (Max (AshB1, AshB2)) = 437.14 sqmm
AshB Provided = 565.49 sqmm
Provided Links = #12@150 c/c

Numbers of legs provided along D = 5

Av/s provided along D = 2618 sqmm/m
Numbers of legs provided along B = 5
Av/s provided along B = 2618 sqmm/m
Hence, OK

Length of Confining Zone

Column maximum dimension = 600 mm
Clear height /6 = 241.7 mm
Min. 450 mm = 450 mm
Zone length = 600 mm

Table For Links

Note: Ductile Design of Links is Applicable Only For Boundary Elements
Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Rebar
10 --- 12 10 12
Number
Spacing 200 --- 150 200 150

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