Chapter 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter provides a presentation of the design of the study, the

subject of the study, the instrument used, the data gathering procedure
and the statistical methods employed in the study.

Design of the Study

In this study, a phenomenology design is used. With no control

over the variables, phenomenology research can be defined as
investigates the lived experiences attributes to a particular phenomenon.
Additionally, phenomenology studies may be characterized as simply the
attempt to investigate the perspectives of those who have encountered a
phenomenon in order to understand its general morality. A process of
data collection that enables them to understand the situation more
thoroughly than was possible without using this method. A
phenomenology design is used in this qualitative study because it is
suited for explaining the nature and state of the current situation and to
understand the meaning of people's lived experience. The researcher
determined the Budgeting Styles of ABM Students of San Andres
Vocational School in their allowances.

Sources of Data

The study determined the Budgeting Styles of Accountancy,

Business and Management of San Andres Vocational School in their
Allowances. The Accountancy Business Management strand in San
Andres Vocational School includes the Grade 11- Bravery and Grade 12 -
 13

Dauntless. The respondents are the Accountancy, Business and

Management students of San Andres Vocational School.

Table 1

Population of the Respondents

No. Grade Section Strand Population
1 11 Bravery ABM 22
2 12 Dauntless ABM 18
TOTAL 40

Sampling Technique

When the population seems small and contains a specific group of

people, purposive sampling is done because of the small population. This
method is designed to figure out the researcher's interest for finding in-
depth information about a certain group of people. The study have
chosen 20 respondents because the researchers have seen through the
respondents the way they spend the amount of allowance or income they
have.

Instrumentation and its Validation

This study used survey questionnaires as the main instrument for

gathering reliable data. The instrument to be prepared consists of series
of questions that would be distributed to respondents, in order to obtain
relevant information. The data gathering instrument would help to
produce results that would allow the researcher to be clarified and
answer their research questions with precision.
 14

Part I focused on the profile of ABM students of San Andres

Vocational School. Included in the profile are: age, sex, grade level, and
address.

Part II dealt with the budgeting styles of ABM students in their

allowances.

Part III focused on how does the budgeting styles help the students
in managing their finances.

The questionnaire was presented to the research adviser and some

of the panellist with full knowledge in the area of specialization under
study to get their feedback. The questionnaire included ideas and
recommendations.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher gave a questionnaire to ABM students of senior

high school in SAVS. The researchers used a questionnaire with various
questions in order to ensure the validity of the data that had gathered
regarding their budgeting styles in their allowances. The researcher
explained to the respondents the importance of their respond to the
study. The researcher clarified some terms to the respondents, so that
the respondents could answer the questionnaire with full knowledge of
their responsibility as the subject of the study.