Automatic Electric Timer Device

Science Investigatory Project: Physical Group Category

Bautista, Justine Joyce C.

Pechon, Tessa Marie S.

Sim, Ma.Dencia Ruby P.

Rizal National High School

Adela, Rizal Occidental Mindoro

September 2019

Louina F. Atlas

Coach

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 Abstract

Electricity is one of the basic necessities today’s world is highly dependent on. But
the irony is, many people know how to consume but does not know how to save
electricity. The researchers created an automatic electric timer device which aims to
open the minds of many that saving electricity is easy.

The device could manage the flow of electricity on gadgets and some household
appliances. It has a timer that could be set manually by the user. It also has an outlet
where users could plug in their gadgets and appliances. The automatic electric timer
device alarms and automatically stops the current flows on gadgets and appliances
connected to it once it reaches the number of hours set by the user. The exactness and
accuracy of the time of stopping was highly evident. Several electric appliances were
tested using the device and based on the results the researchers concluded that it has a
significant effect on the overcharging and overconsumption of gadgets and some
household appliances.

The Automatic Electric Timer is effective, manageable and efficient proven by

multiple trials and errors. Thus, the device could lessen the burden of common people
especially the minimum wage earners in paying high electric bills.

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 Table of contents

Title Page.................................................................................................................................................1

Abstract....................................................................................................................................................2

Table of Contents....................................................................................................................................3

Chapter 1: Introduction........................................................................................................................4-6

Background of the study...........................................................................................................................4

Statement of the problem...........................................................................................................................4

Objectives..................................................................................................................................................5

Hypothesis.................................................................................................................................................5

Significance of the study........................................................................................................................5-6

Scope and Delimitation..............................................................................................................................6

Definition of terms......................................................................................................................................6

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature............................................................................................7-8

Chapter 3: Methodology.....................................................................................................................9-15

Conceptual Framework.............................................................................................................................9

Materials…………………………………………………………………………………………….……………...9

General Procedure……………………………………………………………………………………………10-14

Chapter 4: Analysis and Data Presentation........................................................................................15

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation.................................................................16

Acknowledgement...................................................................................................................................17

Bibliography/ References……………………………………………………………………………………..18

Chapter I

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 Introduction

Background of the Study

Energy crises such as explosions and block outs were rooted from the
overconsumption of electricity of some gadgets and appliances. The usage of digital
technology in the Philippines is constantly expanding from time to time.

Gadgets like cellphones, laptops, and many others are needed by the students,
applicants and users for educational, employment and entertainment purposes. These
resulted to the production of the Automatic Electric Timer Device which limits the
consumption of electrical energy and alleviates people from suffering on the negative
effects of over usage of electrical energy such as heat, fires, scarcity of energy and
global warming. The researchers itself experiences bad effects of overcharging of cell
phones such as reducing the battery life instead of increasing it when charging, lobbying
of battery and explosion. People sometimes tend to be lazy in unplugging some
household appliances like air conditioner and electric fan during midnight or dawn,
which is usually coldest part of the evening, resulting to unwisely consumption of
electricity. Disciplining children nowadays is hard because of the influence of cell
phones, computers and television.

Through the help of this product, mothers at home could now budget the time of
spending of their children on their gadgets and lessen its bad effects on their health.
This has been the inspiration of the researchers to make an Automatic Electric Timer
Device.

Statement of the problem

The main problem of the study was to determine the exactness and accuracy of the
automatic electric timer device. Specifically, it attempts to answer the following research
question:

1. What will be the effect of the Automatic Electric Timer Device in the overcharging of
gadgets and overheating of some household appliances?

2. Will the Automatic Electric Timer Device limits the usage of electricity?

3. Will there be a significant difference on the consumption of electricity of gadgets and

appliances connected to an automatic electric timer device and of gadgets and
appliances directly plug in outlet?

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Objectives:

Based on the problem stated above, the researchers formulated the following
objectives:

1. To determine the effect of Automatic Electric Timer Device in the overcharging of

gadgets and overheating of some household appliances.
2. To test if the Automatic Electric Timer Device limits the usage of electricity
3. To determine the significant difference of the gadgets and appliances connected to
an Automatic electric Timer device and gadgets directly plug in an outlet.

The researchers aim to create an Automatic Electric Timer Device that could help
every household to decrease their electricity bills prevent explosion and over
consumption of electricity which can save the users from the danger brought by
electricity.

Hypotheses

Based on the research question identified, the researchers formulated the following
null hypotheses:

1. The Automatic Electric Timer Device has no effect on the consumption of

electricity
2. The device will not limit the consumption of electricity.
3. There will be no significant difference between the gadgets and some household
appliances connected on the Automatic Electric Timer device and the appliances
connected directly on the outlet.

Significance of the study

Gadgets and Users

This study came to success and it proves that the device could help the gadget
users in maintaining the condition of the battery of their gadgets and prevents it from
exploding when overcharged. Thus, this product also avoids problems that will arise in
the future such us fires.

Appliances and Users

The creation of the automatic electric timer device will prolong the good electrical
condition of some appliances at home and will prevent it from overheating. Some users
tend to leave their appliances run even when not in use resulting to overconsumption of
electricity.

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Department of Science and Technology (DOST)/ Department of Energy (DOE)

The automatic electric timer device open doors to new discoveries, to create, improve
and reproduce the same device which looks good than the original through the help of
the department of science and technology. This is also equally beneficial to the
Department of Energy in conserving energy, since scarcity of electrical energy is very
evident nowadays.

Scope and Delimitation:

This study was only limited to gadgets like cell phones, laptops, and household
appliances with a maximum of 240 volts such as electric fan, television, rice cooker and
many others. This was also limited with the use of Allan Timer, which process the limit
time that users want to set, by pressing the green button.The maximum time of this
output reaches the four digits bright display or last up to 9999
minutes/167hours/7days/1week.

Definition of Terms

For the purpose of clarifications, the following terms were hereby defined:

Box. As it is used in the study it is to cover the main materials inside that box.

Circuit board. A thin rigid board containing an electric circuit a printed circuit. As it was
used in the study, it refers to the Allan Timer, a scrap from computer (pisonet) which
was the main material inside the box.

Electrical tape. A type of thick adhesive tape use chiefly to cover exposed electric wires.
As it was used in the study, it covers the open wires to prevent electrocution and short
circuits.

Wires. A thin metal that can be bent, used in a stiff form in fences and in a fastening
things or for carrying electrical current.

Power Transformer Device. Building the system of wires and transform energy to
another circuit.

Resistor. Is an electrical resistance as circuit elements that control any variable.

PSU. Converts main Ac to low voltage regulated DC power for the internal components
of a computer.

Outlet Breaker. Is an Automatically switch to protect electrical circuit.

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 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

Based on the article of Shuai, Yang, Ouyang, He, Gong, Shu (2018) entitled Analysis
and Identification of Power Blackout sensitive Users by Using Big Data in the Energy
System, the further liberalization of the electricity market of China, costumers’
requirements, characteristics and distribution, as well as the quality, security and
reliability of power supplies without interruption, have receive considerable attention
from power companies, Policymakers and researchers. How to deeply explore
distribution characteristics of a electricity costumer and analyze their sensitivities to
electricity blackouts has become an especially important problem. It has been found
that there is a wide range of power users who pay different electricity bills; a long-tail
distribution following a power law lies in the number of the users versus their paid
electricity bills. Meanwhile there are two pareto effects (2-8 rule): The number of the
residents and non-residents versus their electricity bills the number of large industry
users and general industry (business users) versus in their electricity consumption and
bills. Various marketing strategies to satisfy different requirements of power users
should be provided to promote long-term relationship between the power companies
and power costumers.

Based on the Article of Shuai Mao, Chengzhi, Shiwen, Hao (2018) entitled Review
on Economic loss Assessment of Power Outages. Power outage accidents will cause
huge economic loss to the social economy. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate
the economic impact caused by blackouts, and then it introduce the influence factors
that cause the outage loss. Finally, the assessment methods to evaluate direct and
indirect economic loss are summarized.

Intermatic (2018) demonstrate on their 7 Clever Ways Timer Controls Can Help
Lower Monthly Utility Bills, That between seasonal heating and cooling demands
fluctuating energy prices, and water usage, it’s tough to know exactly where your
monthly utility costs will land. And with global energy demand set to rise in the coming
years, there’s never been a better time to take stock of your own home energy habits.
In addition to common sense best practices for energy conservation, using timer
controls throughout your home can help reduce your monthly utility bills by setting
guidelines for when and how long lights, appliances, and electronic devices can be use.
There are just a few of the many clever application homeowners can use timer control
to save energy and put some extra cash in their pockets: outdoor and safety lights,
household appliances and electronics, bathrooms and limited-use spaces, holiday

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decorations, device charging stations, window air conditioner units, and pull and garden.
So, whether you’re hoping to give your home and complete energy efficiency make over
or simply looking for a few small opportunities to save, timer controls are an excellent
way positively influence your monthly expenses.

Abhishek Jain(2016) concluded on his Time Switches: easy automatic way to switch
on and off appliances and save electricity, that switching off appliances from the main is
one of the best way to save electricity. Still, at times we encounter situations where
doing the same is either a hassle or is difficult. Running an AC allnight will consume a
lot o electricity and will make the room quite cool, but getting up in the middle of the
night to switch off is a hassle. As switch on TV/DTH-DVR system will consume quite a
lot of electricity but still switching it off means that you’re favorite programs will not get
recorded if you forget to switch it “on” on time. There can be many such cases were the
switching on and off of a appliances depends on timing, but the process is manual. This
is where “Time Switches” can come quite handy.

Manieniyan (2009) explained his study entitled Study on Energy Crisis and the
Future of fossils Fuels, We have always known that the energy we use every day is not
unlimited, yet we take it for granted. Some ignorant people think that crisis is a myth.
There have been three major of energy crisis so far- the 1973 oil crisis, the 1979 energy
crisis and the 1990 oil-price hike apart from several regional crisis. A energy crisis can
develop due to industrial actions like union organized strikes and government
embargoes. A crisis could possibly emerge after infrastructure damage from severe
weather. Attacks by terrorists or militia on important infrastructure are a possible for a
energy .

Rasool G. (2015). Interpret his study entitled A systematic Literature Review on

Electricity Management System. The key motivation of this study, Analyze and explore
the status the status of different solutions presented for management of electricity
throughout the world and determine requirements for the development of a new
electricity management system. We apply standard systematic review method with the
manual search of three digital libraries.

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 Chapter III

Methodology

Conceptual Framework

The following shows the connection or the relationship of independent variable to the
dependent variable.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Automatic Electric Time when the flow

Timer Device of current stops

This is the Paradigm of the Independent and Dependent Variable of Automatic

Electric Timer Device. It shows the connection of the device to the time when the flow of
current stops.

Materials

 Allan Timer circuit board

 buttons (color red and green)
 female sockets
 high tension wire
 Male plug
 plywood de media
 transformer 12 volts
 screw
 nails

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  Hinge

General Procedure

The researchers made a rectangular box that will protect main materials inside.
The proponent uses plywood de media that is1.8cm thick and measures 20.5cm length,
13cm width and 13.6cm height.
The plywood de media was attached with nails to assemble the advocate part,

and hinge also for easily open and close of the doorhinge.

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 The upper portion of the box was poke to create three openings, one was for the
red button, one for the green button and last one for female socket.

The researchers also placed a female socket on the side. The female sockets
were covered and supported by a thin plywood to prevent it from falling.

On the other side there was also an opening for the timer to see the time sets by
the user.

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 Next was the installation of the wires inside the box. Connect the two side end of
high tension wires to the female socket located at the top of the box.

Then, remove the cover of the wire next to put the another connection of socket
(remember: don’t give big space that may lead to lack of bribing repository for other
wiring, and be careful to remove the cover, it may tripped some tread of copper that
may cause of uncontinuous flow of electricity and malfunction) .

After connecting the two set of sockets, cut the one side of high tension wire
next to the connection of wiring on set of sockets. At the upper part of one cut side on
the high tension wire, connect the black thin wire which is along the line of Allan Timer
with two colors(red and black) that is located near down or beside of dual relay, the red

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thin wire placed down on the fragment of what is segment earlier.

Also the four wire connection of the transformer (2 yellow, 2red). Red is install
then after the process on one cut side of the high tension wire, but this time the two wire
is situated on the reversible series of high tension wire connection.

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 And the yellow wire is drop down to the 2 hole pin (color of red and black) that
positionally, at the edge and close to relay.

The three hole pin thin wires(red, black and white)which is connected to the allan
timer is linked on the button that serves as to set the time needed.

All open wirings should seal or cover tightly to prevent electrocute and hazard that
may happen if it will not preclude immediately.

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 Since connecting materials is completed always checked appliances and your
self before plugging the device and appliances on the electricity. Know if you’re hand is
not wet while plugging because it may result to tragedy.

Chapter 4

Analysis and Data Presentation

Table 1

Gadgets/Household Time set (minutes/ Time stop Implication

appliances hour) (minutes/hour) (accurate or
inaccurate?)

Cellphones 1 hour (60minutes) 1 hour (60minutes) Accurate

Laptop 1 hour (60minutes) 1 hour (60 minutes) Accurate

Light bulb 1 hour an 30 1 hour and 30 Accurate

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 minutes minutes

Portable Electric 1 hour (60 minutes) 1 hour (60 minutes) Accurate

fan

Electric Fan 2 hours (120 2 hours (120 Accurate

Minutes) minutes)

Television 2 hours 2 hours Accurate

Oven 30 minutes 30 minutes Accurate

Rice Cooker 30 minutes 30 minutes Accurate

Air conditioner 1 hour 1 hour Accurate

Power Banks 1hour 1hour Accurate

Speaker 1 hour and 20 min. 1hour and 20 min. Accurate

Wi-Fi 1hour 1hour Accurate

Refrigerator 1 day (24 hours) 1 day (24 hours) Accurate

This table shows that the gadgets and appliances are all accurate, tested by the
researchers.

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

The Automatic Electric Timer Device mostly made from scrap materials that
researchers gather and made. The exactness and the accurateness of the time of
stopping was highly evident. The result of the Product is really effective proven by trials
and errors that researchers conducted. It prevents the overconsumption of electricity in
case of forgetting to unplug the appliances or gadgets by set the time needed .Also this
will help every users that are paying their bills highly in over consumption of their
appliances or gadgets that are letting to consume electricity. This gets to avoid
explosions considering unplugged appliances and gadget that takes too long before to
obtained. Parent that are concerning to their children soaked on their favorite undoing
habits like watching all day or all night, addictive in computer games and etc. affects the

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health issues of their child. But by the help of these output that limits the time needed or
set by the user, heads off this matter.

Conclusion

The researchers rejected the hypotheses since the automatic electric timer device
limits the consumption of electricity and it has a significant difference between the
gadgets and appliances connected to the device and to the gadgets and appliances
directly plug in an outlet. The researchers concluded that the output is effective for
lessen the over consumption of electricity by limiting the time needed of the appliances
and gadgets. And also they terminate that when the users plugged the gadgets or
house hold appliance on the Automatic Electric Timer device is accurate or no to
explosion. The output can carry the higher voltage of the gadgets and appliances. It is
completely help the life battery of gadgets and appliances that demand over time and
increasing bills by restricting the consumed or wasted time and may reduce causing
of over consumption.

Recommendation

For the future researcher who wants to improve, we the researchers recommend the
following:

 Use sensors to detect the time of energy needed by the gadgets while charging.
 Back up it with high capacity of batteries that can plug in high voltages of
appliances or gadgets and can bring wherever/whenever you are.
 Evolve the press button into digital timer that has many choices to press

Acknowledgement

The time has finally come for us to express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to
the people who made this study possible. The researchers would like to thank our
research teacher, Mrs. Louina F. Atlas for her dedication, patience in giving us guidance
and constructive criticisms. Every word she said indeed inspired us to work harder. The
researchers extend it also to our parents who supported us morally and financially.
Without their help all would be nothing. Above all to God Almighty for being our saving
Grace, our comforter and believer in doing this study.

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Bibliography/References

Shuai, C.et.al. Analysis and Identification of Power Backoutsensitive users by using Big
Data In the energy system.(December 2018): PP(99) 1-1

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329668248 _Analysis
_and_Identification_of_Power_ Blackout-sensitive_Users_by
_Using_Big_Data_In_the_Energy_System

Shuai M. et.al. Review on Economic Loss of Power Outages (January 2018)PP(1158-

1163)

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
324735955_Review_on_Economic_Loss_of_Power_Outages

Abhishek Jain. Time Switches: easy automatic way to switch on and off appliances and
save electricity. (April 22,2016)

https://www.bijlibachao.com/general –tips/time-switches-easy-automatic-way-to-switch-
on-and-off –appliances-and-save-electricity.html

Manieniyan V. Study on Energy Crisis and The Future of Fossils Fuel. (December 2009)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
267439286_STUDY_ON_ENERGY_CRISIS_AND_THE_FUTURE_OF_FOSSILS_FUE
LS

7 Clever Ways Timer Controls Can Help Lower Monthly Utility Bills. (2018).
https://www.intermatic.com/en/newsroom/energy-efficiency-2016/7-clever-ways-timer-
controls-can-help-lower-monthly-utility-bills

Ghulam, R. et.al. A systematic literature review on electricity management system.

(2015).pp975-989

https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v49y2015icp975-989.html

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