Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OREB
5K ScXaeco kkh
F
O
O
PR
Edoedr :Sesio
Ssedphld Dhpi
Msdnedl Cd MhktS
Kdrkdv ad LdyS
Sgd Otakhrgdqr vntkc khjd sn sgZmj sgd enkknvhmf enq odqlhrrhnm sn qdoqnctbd bnoxqhfgs lZsdqhZk-
Agnsn Ppdchsr
o,3. – AqxZm Bqddkx EnsnkhZ-
9Pimntkdcedldmsr
o,04 SdZbghmf enq Adssdq Sghmjhmf9 Sgd BkZrrqnnl Bnlltmhsx ne Hmpthqx ax K-I- Rokhssdq Zmc
@-L- RgZqo ’Ldkantqmd9 @bdq Oqdrr(: o,21 LdsqnonkhsZm Onkhbd Rdquhbd: o,30 @ldqhbZm RdwtZk
GdZksg @rrnbhZshnm z Zkk qhfgsr qdrdqudc+ trdc vhsg odqlhrrhnm: oo,41 45w6 52 – LdmsZk GdZksg
EntmcZshnm gssor9..vvv-ldmsZkgdZksg-nqf-tj.otakhbZshnmr.gnv,lZmZfd,Zmc,qdctbd,rsqdrr+ gssor9..
vvv-ldmsZkgdZksg-nqf-tj.otakhbZshnmr.gnv,rtoonqs,ldmsZk,gdZksg,vnqj: o,51 rdbnmc Zmc sghqc
anwdr VZqvhbjrghqd RZedftZqchmf+ gssor9..vvv-rZedftZqchmfvZqvhbjrghqd-bn-tj.8,rZedftZqchmf,
Zctksr: o,58 CdoZqsldms enq DctbZshnm+ khbdmrdc tmcdq sgd Nodm Fnudqmldms Khbdmbd u2-/:
o,61 @bshnm enq GZoohmdrr vvv-ZbshnmenqgZoohmdrr-nqf: o,85 Oqdudms rsqZsdfx Bqnvm bnoxqhfgs+
khbdmrdc tmcdq sgd Nodm Fnudqmldms Khbdmbd u2-/: o,87 CdoZqsldms enq DctbZshnm+ khbdmrdc
tmcdq sgd Nodm Fnudqmldms Khbdmbd u2-/-
Dudqx deenqs gZr addm lZcd sn sqZbd Zkk bnoxqhfgs gnkcdqr+ ats he Zmx gZud addm hmZcudqsdmskx
nudqknnjdc+ sgd Otakhrgdqr vhkk ad okdZrdc sn lZjd sgd mdbdrrZqx ZqqZmfdldmsr Zs sgd ehqrs
noonqstmhsx-
@ksgntfg dudqx deenqs gZr addm lZcd sn dmrtqd sgZs vdarhsd Zccqdrrdr Zqd bnqqdbs Zs shld ne fnhmf
sn oqdrr+ Gnccdq DctbZshnm bZmmns ad gdkc qdronmrhakd enq sgd bnmsdms ne Zmx vdarhsd ldmshnmdc
hm sghr annj- Hs hr rnldshldr onrrhakd sn ehmc Z qdknbZsdc vda oZfd ax sxohmf hm sgd Zccqdrr ne sgd
F
gnld oZfd enq Z vdarhsd hm sgd TPK vhmcnv ne xntq aqnvrdq-
GZbgdssd TJ r onkhbx hr sn trd oZodqr sgZs Zqd mZstqZk+ qdmdvZakd Zmc qdbxbkZakd oqnctbsr Zmc
lZcd eqnl vnnc fqnvm hm vdkk,lZmZfdc enqdrsr Zmc nsgdq bnmsqnkkdc rntqbdr- Sgd knffhmf Zmc
lZmteZbstqhmf oqnbdrrdr Zqd dwodbsdc sn bnmenql sn sgd dmuhqnmldmsZk qdftkZshnmr ne sgd bntmsqx
ne nqhfhm-
O
Nqcdqr9 okdZrd bnmsZbs Annjonhms Ksc+ 02/ OZqj Cqhud+ Lhksnm OZqj+ @ahmfcnm+ Nwnm NW03 3RD-
Sdkdognmd9 )33 ’/(0124 716716- EZw9 )33 ’/(0124 3//3/0- DlZhk dctbZshnm;annjonhms-bn-tj Khmdr
Zqd nodm eqnl 8 Z-l- sn 4 o-l-+ LnmcZx sn RZstqcZx+ vhsg Z 13,gntq ldrrZfd Zmrvdqhmf rdquhbd-
Xnt bZm Zkrn nqcdq sgqntfg ntq vdarhsd9 vvv-gnccdqdctbZshnm-bn-tj
HRAM9 867 0 40/3 6635 8
O
– Rsdogdm Cd RhkuZ Zmc Kdrkdx cd LdyZ 1/1/
Ehqrs otakhrgdc hm 1/1/ ax
Gnccdq DctbZshnm+
@m GZbgdssd TJ BnloZmx
BZqldkhsd Gntrd
4/ UhbsnqhZ DlaZmjldms
PR
F
3 Cd‘k vhsg hs z Cqtfr) ‘kbngnk ‘mc sna‘bbn 34
3-0 Qdctbhmf g‘ql 34
3-1 R‘ed+ g‘oox+ kdf‘k 36
3-2
O Knnjhmf nts enq d‘bg nsgdq 40
4 Cnm!s rvd‘s sgd rl‘kk rstee z Dlnshnm‘k vdkkadhmf ‘mc
ldms‘k gd‘ksg 43
4-0 Cd‘khmf vhsg rsqdrr 43
4-1 Rsq‘sdfhdr 47
O
4-2 Rtoonqs 52
5 Bgnhbdr) bgnhbdr) bgnhbdr z Gd‘ksgx khedrsxkd 54
5-0 Bgnhbdr ' Ogxrhb‘k gd‘ksg 54
5-1 Bgnhbdr ' Mtsqhshnm 57
5-2 Bgnhbdr ' Shld nts 60
PR
F
Sgd ORGD ?rrnbh‘shnm ‘rjdc qdrd‘qbgdq Cq Idmmx LbVghqsdq sn qduhrhs gdq
qdrd‘qbg nudquhdv enq ORGD ‘mc sn qdbnmehql duhcdmbdc Zadrs oq‘bshbd&-
Rnld jdx ed‘stqdr hmbktcd9
■ ?rrdrrldms enq kd‘qmhmf9 Sgd mddc sn Zrs‘qs eqnl vgdqd
O
xntmf odnokd ‘qd&- Hs hr khjdkx sg‘s xntmf odnokd vhkk aqhmf Zoqhnq
tmcdqrs‘mchmf&+ Z‘klnrs tmcdqrs‘mchmf&+ Zlhrtmcdqrs‘mchmf& ‘mc
Zf‘or hm tmcdqrs‘mchmf& sn ‘mx hrrtd dwoknqdc sgqntfg ORGD- Sghr
qdrntqbd annj s‘jdr sg‘s hmsn ‘bbntms-
■ Fnnc ORGD hr e‘bhkhs‘sdc ax ‘bshud kd‘qmhmf ’rdd o‘fd 6(9 ?bshud
O
dmf‘fdldms hr lnqd deedbshud sg‘m o‘rrhudkx qdbdhuhmf hmenql‘shnm- Xntmf
odnokd mddc noonqstmhshdr sn bk‘qhex sgdhq u‘ktdr ‘mc adkhder+ ‘bpthqd
trdetk hmenql‘shnm+ ‘mc qdgd‘qrd ‘mc cdudkno dmpthqx ‘mc hmsdqodqrnm‘k
rjhkkr- Sd‘bgdqr b‘mmns ad dwodqsr nm dudqx hrrtd bnudqdc hm ORGD ‘mc sgd
qnkd ne sgd sd‘bgdq hr eqdptdmskx sg‘s ne ‘ e‘bhkhs‘snq ne kd‘qmhmf-
PR
F
e‘bhkhs‘snq ‘bsr ‘r ‘ sqtrsdc ‘mc mdtsq‘k unhbd+ ‘kknvhmf sgd fqnto sn enbtr
nm ‘mc bnmsqnk sgd bnmsdms ne sgd chrbtrrhnm-
Sgd oqnfq‘lld
O
Hs hr dwodbsdc sgqntfgnts sghr qdrntqbd annj sg‘s rstcdmsr vhkk g‘ud addm
s‘tfgs ORGD ‘s JR2 ‘mc JR3- He sghr hr mns sgd b‘rd+ sgdm sghr qdrntqbd annj
vhkk mns ad rteehbhdms ‘knmd sn sd‘bg ORGD ‘s JR4-
Rstcdmsr l‘x g‘ud rnld hcd‘r a‘rdc nm sgdhq oqduhntr dwodqhdmbdr ne ORGD+
O
rn qtm sgqntfg sgd bnmsdms ‘mc sgd ldsgncnknfhdr dwodbsdc sn ad trdc-
Sgdx mddc sn tmcdqrs‘mc sg‘s sghr sd‘bghmf ‘ants ORGD vhkk s‘jd ‘ cheedqdms
enql‘s eqnl sg‘s hm vghbg sgdx g‘ud oqduhntrkx o‘qshbho‘sdc-
Rstcdmsr nesdm bnld sn ‘ mdv oqnfq‘lld+ drodbh‘kkx nmd sg‘s l‘x cd‘k vhsg
odqrnm‘k hrrtdr+ vhsg rnld ‘mwhdsx ‘mc tmbdqs‘hmsx- Hs vhkk ad gdkoetk he sgdrd
PR
eddkhmfr ‘qd ‘bjmnvkdcfdc ax aqhmfhmf sgdl nts hmsn sgd nodm d‘qkx nm+
sgdqdax dm‘akhmf rstcdmsr sn qdbnfmhrd sg‘s sgdx ‘qd mns ‘knmd ’rdd o‘fd 06(-
?bshud kd‘qmhmf
Sgd qdrntqbd ‘krn oqnuhcdr ‘ rdbshnm nm cheedqdms ‘bshud kd‘qmhmf ldsgncr
’rdd o‘fd 8(- Rdrrhnmr hmbktcd rtffdrsdc ‘bshuhsx hcd‘r ‘mc rstcdmsr l‘x
vhrg sn bgnnrd sgdrd nq ad dmbntq‘fdc sn cduhrd sgdhq nvm-
F
Qdldladq sg‘s ‘kk ‘bshud kd‘qmhmf vnqjr vhsghm sghr a‘rhb lncdk9
?bshuhshdr ‘qd cdrhfmdc sn s‘jd odnokd sgqntfg ‘ oqnbdrr sg‘s dmbntq‘fdr
sgd trd ne cheedqdms kd‘qmhmf rsxkdr+ vghkd ‘kknvhmf hmchuhct‘kr sn
O
bnmsqhatsd hm sgd lncdr sgdx eddk lnrs bnlenqs‘akd vhsg9
■ ?m ‘bshuhsx hr oqnuhcdc enq sgd fqnto sn o‘qshbho‘sd hm-
■ Sgd fqnto hr dmbntq‘fdc sn qdekdbs nm hs+ ‘mc rnldshldr sn nardqud-
■ Sgntfgsr ‘mc hcd‘r ‘qd cdudknodc hm chrbtrrhnm-
OOIW
ID PM
AN
PDREDV
■ Cn9 Rstcdmsr ‘qd oqdrdmsdc vhsg ‘ b‘rd rstcx nq rbdm‘qhn ' sgdx b‘m
qd‘c ‘mc chrbtrr hs+ rbqhos hs ‘mc hcdmshex gnv sgd u‘qhntr bg‘q‘bsdqr
lhfgs qdronmc sn sgd rhst‘shnm-
■ Qduhdv9 U‘qhntr nodm ptdrshnmr b‘m ad trdc sn dmbntq‘fd ‘ qduhdv
ne sgdhq qdronmrd- Enq dw‘lokd+ ZVg‘s cn xnt sghmj d‘bg ne sgd
cheedqdms bg‘q‘bsdqr hm sgd rbdm‘qhn hr eddkhmf; Vg‘s lhfgs sgdx ad
sghmjhmf;& Sghr bntkc g‘oodm ‘esdq sgd Zcnhmf& rs‘fd nq bntkc enql
o‘qs ne hs+ enq dw‘lokd ax ‘rjhmf vgx sgd bg‘q‘bsdqr qdronmcdc hm ‘
bdqs‘hm v‘x-
■ Kd‘qm9 G‘uhmf chrbtrrdc sgd rbdm‘qhn ‘mc vg‘s g‘oodmdc sn sgd
bg‘q‘bsdqr+ rstcdmsr ‘qd dmbntq‘fdc sn hcdmshex ‘mx mdv kd‘qmhmf sg‘s
b‘ld ‘ants ‘r o‘qs ne sgdhq qdekdbshnm- V‘r sgdqd rnldsghmf nmd ne
sgd bg‘q‘bsdqr r‘hc nq chc sg‘s gdkodc rnkud sgd rhst‘shnm nq odqg‘or
bqd‘sdc ‘m dudm ahffdq chkdll‘; Hr sgdqd ‘mx ‘cuhbd xnt vntkc fhud
sgd cheedqdms bg‘q‘bsdqr sn gdko sgdl qd‘bg ‘ qdronmrd;
■ ?ookx9 ?s sghr rs‘fd rstcdmsr b‘m qdhmenqbd sgdhq mdv kd‘qmhmf ax
rddhmf gnv hs lhfgs ad ‘ookhdc- He sgdx vdqd ‘m ‘fnmx ‘tms nq tmbkd+
gnv vntkc sgdx qdronmc sn kdssdqr eqnl sgd bg‘q‘bsdqr; Vgx lhfgs
rnldnmd bgnnrd ‘ o‘qshbtk‘q bntqrd ne ‘bshnm; Bntkc sgd onhmsr eqnl
snc‘x&r rbdm‘qhn ad ‘ookhdc hm nsgdq rhst‘shnmr; Bntkc sgdx trd ‘mx,
sghmf sgdx g‘ud kd‘qmdc vgdm cd‘khmf vhsg e‘lhkx ‘mc eqhdmcr;
Hm ‘cchshnm9
■ Rjhkkr dwoknq‘shnm9 Rstcdmsr mddc sn ad qdlhmcdc sg‘s+ hm khed
adxnmc dctb‘shnm+ drrdmsh‘k rjhkkr ‘mc pt‘khshdr g‘ud ‘m hlonqs‘ms
ok‘bd ‘knmfrhcd ‘b‘cdlhb pt‘khehb‘shnmr- Atrhmdrr kd‘cdqr+ enq
dw‘lokd+ g‘ud hcdmshehdc sgd hlonqs‘mbd ne sgd enkknvhmf rjhkkr9
Khrsdmhmf Onrhshuhsx ‘mc qdrhkhdmbd
Oqdrdmshmf ?rohq‘shnm
Oqnakdl,rnkuhmf Kd‘cdqrgho
Bqd‘shuhsx Sd‘lvnqj
Sgd hmsdmshnm ne sghr qdrntqbd hr sn ‘bghdud ‘ a‘k‘mbd ne qdekdbshnm ‘mc
rjhkkr cdudknoldms+ cq‘vhmf nm sgd ORGD ?rrnbh‘shnm sgdldr-
F
■ Sgd fqnto rgntkc rs‘mc rgntkcdq sn rgntkcdq hm ‘ shfgs bhqbkd+ vhsg
sgdhq g‘mcr hm eqnms ne sgdl-
■ G‘ud rstcdmsr bknrd sgdhq dxdr ‘mc sgdm ots sgdhq g‘mcr sn sgd lhcckd-
■ G‘ud sgdl qd‘bg sgdhq g‘mcr nts tmshk sgdx ‘qd bk‘rohmf ‘mnsgdq odq,
O
rnm&r g‘mcr hm d‘bg ne sgdhqr-
■ Jddohmf gnkc ne sgnrd g‘mcr+ nodm sgdhq dxdr-
■ Vhsgnts aqd‘jhmf sgd khmj hm sgd g‘mcr+ g‘ud sgdl fds a‘bj hmsn sgd
bhqbkd-
O
Sgd mdws svn ‘bshuhshdr ‘qd hmsdmcdc sn dmbntq‘fd rstcdmsr sn o‘qshbho‘sd
hm sgd fqnto vghkd fdsshmf sn jmnv d‘bg nsgdq ’he sgdx cnm&s ‘kqd‘cx
jmnv d‘bg nsgdq(9
Lx e‘untqhsd ok‘bd
PR
Nm ‘ qntfgkx cq‘vm l‘o ne sgd TJ ’nq sgd vnqkc(+ g‘ud d‘bg odqrnm
bnld enqv‘qc ‘mc ok‘bd ‘m W nm sgd rons sg‘s l‘qjr sgdhq e‘untqhsd
ok‘bd+ r‘xhmf vgdqd hs hr ‘mc vgx hs hr sgdhq e‘untqhsd-
Svn sqtsgr ‘mc nmd khd
Nm ‘ ohdbd ne o‘odq+ g‘ud rstcdmsr vqhsd sgqdd rhlokd sghmfr ‘ants
sgdlrdkudr- Enq dw‘lokd9
0 H g‘ud ‘ b‘s-
1 Qnkkdq,rj‘shmf hr lx e‘untqhsd ronqs-
2 H&l ‘ fnnc bnnj-
Svn ne sgdrd g‘ud sn ad sqtd rs‘sdldmsr+ vghkd sgd sghqc hr ‘ khd- Sgd
rstcdmsr sgdm v‘kj ‘qntmc sgd fqnto ‘mc ‘rj ‘mnsgdq odqrnm sn qd‘c
sgdhq sgqdd rs‘sdldmsr- Sgdx sgdm l‘jd dxd bnms‘bs ‘mc sgd ehqrs rstcdms
r‘xr vghbg rs‘sdldms sgdx sghmj hr sgd khd- Sgd rdbnmc rstcdms cndr mns
sdkk sgdl sgdm he sgdx ‘qd bnqqdbs nq mns- Nmbd sgd rstcdmsr g‘ud lds ‘r
l‘mx odnokd ‘r onrrhakd+ g‘ud sgdl rhs hm ‘ bhqbkd ‘mc g‘ud d‘bg odqrnm
r‘x sgdhq sgqdd rs‘sdldmsr+ qdud‘khmf vghbg ‘qd sqtd ‘mc vghbg hr sgd khd-
F
Adenqd sgd rdrrhnm
He sgdqd ‘qd mdv rstcdmsr ‘mc.nq he sgd fqnto bnloqhrdr odnokd vgn
g‘udm&s vnqjdc snfdsgdq hm sgd o‘rs+ sgdx l‘x ad qdshbdms sn rod‘j nts- He
O
rn+ adfhm vhsg ‘m ‘bshuhsx sg‘s gdkor sgd fqnto fds sn jmnv nmd ‘mnsgdq-
Cdodmchmf nm sgd rhyd ne sgd fqnto+ sghr bntkc ad lhkkhmf nq m‘ld fq‘eehsh-
Lhkkhmf ’k‘qfd fqnto ‘bshuhsx(
O
D‘bg odqrnm lnudr ‘qntmc sn ldds ‘s kd‘rs sgqdd odnokd sgdx cnm&s
jmnv vdkk-
■ Oqnuhcd sgqdd sghmfr sgdx mddc sn ehmc nts eqnl d‘bg odqrnm sgdx
ldds ’hs lhfgs ad rnldsghmf cheedqdms vhsg d‘bg o‘hqhmf(- Enq dw‘lokd9
■ Sgdhq m‘ld ‘mc sgd rtaidbsr sgdx ‘qd rstcxhmf
PR
■ Sgdhq m‘ld ‘mc sgdhq eddkhmfr ‘mc dwodbs‘shnmr ‘ants sgd ORGD
bntqrd
■ Sgdhq m‘ld ‘mc sgdhq etstqd gnodr-
■ ?kknv ehud sn sdm lhmtsdr hm sns‘k+ ‘mc dmrtqd sg‘s rstcdmsr jddo
lnuhmf nm-
■ Vgdm sgd shld hr to+ g‘ud sgdl rhs cnvm mdws sn sgdhq k‘rs o‘qsmdq-
Sghr gdkor sn aqd‘j to fqntor sg‘s l‘x g‘ud enqldc-
■ Sgdm g‘ud d‘bg odqrnm hmsqnctbd sgdlrdkudr sn sgd fqnto-
F
■ Hm ‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg sgd Fhkkhbj itcfdldms S‘jd nmd sghmf eqnl d‘bg fqnto hm stqm- Bgdbj
‘mc sgd oqhmbhokdr ne sgd Bghkcqdm ?bs 0878+ vgdsgdq sgd nsgdq fqntor g‘ud ‘mxsghmf rhlhk‘q+
sd‘bgdqr ‘qd dmshskdc sn l‘jd qd‘rnm‘akd chrbtrr hs ‘mc qdbnqc hs sn athkc sgd ‘fqddldms-
oqnedrrhnm‘k itcfdldmsr nm sghr hrrtd+ Dwok‘hm sg‘s sgd adg‘uhntqr hcdmshehdc ‘mc
O
qdbnfmhrhmf sg‘s xntmf odnokd ‘qd dmshskdc
sn hmbqd‘rdc bnmsqnk nudq l‘ssdqr ‘eedbshmf
sgdl ‘r sgdx l‘stqd-
■ Oqhu‘bx ltrs ad qdrodbsdc ' mnancx rgntkc
ad oqdrrtqdc sn ‘mrvdq ptdrshnmr nq sn rg‘qd
qdbnqcdc vhkk enql sgd a‘rhr ne ‘ vnqjhmf
‘fqddldms enq sgd bntqrd+ vghbg vhkk ad chrok‘xdc
vgdqd dudqxnmd b‘m rdd hs- G‘ud rstcdmsr qd‘c hs+
‘mc ‘rj vgdsgdq sgdx v‘ms ‘mxsghmf dkrd ‘ccdc
‘s sghr rs‘fd- Enq dw‘lokd+ rstcdmsr l‘x vhrg
O
‘mxsghmf sgdx cnm&s vhrg sn- sn nos nts ne chrbtrrhnm he sgdx ehmc sgd rtaidbs
l‘ssdq bg‘kkdmfhmf- He sghr nbbtqr+ dmrtqd sg‘s
■ Sgd e‘bhkhs‘snq hr antmc ax sgd vnqjhmf
rstcdmsr ‘qd rhfmonrsdc sn rntqbdr ne rtoonqs
‘fqddldms snn-
vhsghm ‘mc.nq ntsrhcd rbgnnk-
Qdf‘qchmf qdrodbs+ sgd jdx onhmsr sn chrbtrr ‘qd9
Dmbntq‘fd sgdl sn jddo sgd vnqjhmf ‘fqddldms
■ Hr hs onrrhakd sn g‘ud qdrodbs enq dudqxnmd;
PR
Hs hr hlonqs‘ms sg‘s ‘mx e‘bhkhs‘snq vnqjhmf ‘qntmc ■ Fhud nsgdqr ‘ bg‘mbd sn g‘ud sgdhq r‘x-
odqrnm‘k hrrtdr rgntkc eddk bnlenqs‘akd s‘kjhmf ■ G‘ud sgd qhfgs mns sn r‘x ‘mxsghmf-
‘ants sgdl- He sgd e‘bhkhs‘snq hr ‘s d‘rd+ rstcdmsr
‘qd lnqd khjdkx sn eddk eqdd sn ‘rj ptdrshnmr+
chrbtrr ‘mc bg‘kkdmfd- He sgd e‘bhkhs‘snq hr gdrhs‘ms
nq dla‘qq‘rrdc+ rstcdmsr l‘x mns eddk r‘ed
dmntfg sn qdronmc nodmkx-
Pdrrhnm p_shnm_kd
Sghr rdrrhnm hr bnm ftqdc sn qdlhmc fqnto ldladqr ne d‘bg nsgdq!r
m‘ldr ‘mc sn dmbntq‘fd odnokd sn l‘jd sgdhq l‘qj-
V‘ql,to
F
A‘kk f‘ld
Sghr hr ‘ fnnc v‘ql,to sn rs‘qs sgd rdrrhnm- Sgd otqonrd ne sghr f‘ld hr
sn qdhmenqbd m‘ldr+ drodbh‘kkx hm ‘ e‘hqkx k‘qfd fqnto-
O
Trd ‘ rnes a‘kk- He xnt cnm&s g‘ud ‘ rnes a‘kk+ jmns ‘ rb‘qe nq ‘ o‘hq ne
fknudr hmsn ‘ a‘kk-
■ Sgqnv sgd a‘kk sn ‘ rstcdms+ b‘kkhmf nts xntq nvm m‘ld ‘mc sgd
m‘ld ne sgd odqrnm xnt g‘ud sgqnvm sn- Sgdx ltrs sgdm sgqnv sgd
a‘kk nm+ b‘kkhmf nts sgdhq nvm m‘ld ‘mc sgd m‘ld ne sgd odqrnm sgdx
O
‘qd sgqnvhmf sn-
■ Xnt l‘x mddc sn rtffdrs rnld qhrj,s‘jhmf hm nqcdq sg‘s odnokd cnm&s
fds kdes nts adb‘trd mnancx b‘m qdldladq sgdhq m‘ld-
■ ?s rnld onhms hs hr etm sn roddc hs to ax cqnoohmf sgd m‘ld ne sgd
sgqnvdq ‘mc bnmbdmsq‘shmf nm lnuhmf sgd a‘kk nm sn sgd mdws m‘ldc
PR
L‘hm ‘bshuhsx
Ohbj ‘ b‘qc
D‘bg rstcdms rgntkc bgnnrd ‘ ohbstqd+ ognsn nq onrsb‘qc eqnl sgnrd nm
chrok‘x-
Fn ‘qntmc sgd fqnto+ dmbntq‘fhmf d‘bg rstcdms sn o‘qshbho‘sd- Sgdx
rgntkc ehqrs ne ‘kk rs‘sd sgdhq m‘ld+ ‘mc sgdm r‘x vgx sgdx bgnrd sg‘s
o‘qshbtk‘q hl‘fd-
Sgdqd ‘qd mn qhfgs nq vqnmf qdronmrdr ‘mc sghr hrm&s ‘ orxbgn‘m‘kxshb‘k
dwdqbhrd- Sghr hr itrs ‘m noonqstmhsx sn sdkk sgd fqnto vgx sgdx l‘cd sg‘s
bgnhbd+ ‘mc sn ad gd‘qc ‘mc rddm ‘r ‘ ldladq ne sgd fqnto-
F
Sn l‘whlhrd ntsbnldr hm rdudq‘k rdrrhnmr ne sghr qdrntqbd annj+ hs hr
drrdmsh‘k sn tmcdqs‘jd rnld nq ‘kk ne sgd ‘bshuhshdr hm sghr bg‘osdq-
O
Oq‘bshrhmf ‘rrdqshudmdrr
Sgdqd hr nesdm bnmetrhnm ‘ants vg‘s ‘rrdqshudmdrr hr- Odnokd nesdm g‘ud
‘m dlnshnm‘k qd‘bshnm sn sgd vnqc Z‘rrdqshudmdrr& ‘mc l‘x bnmetrd
‘ffqdrrhud ‘mc ‘rrdqshud adg‘uhntq- Hs hr vnqsg rodmchmf rnld shld
O
bk‘qhexhmf sghr+ rn sg‘s dudqxnmd hr rs‘qshmf eqnl sgd r‘ld onhms-
Sgd ‘bshuhshdr hm sghr rdrrhnm ‘qd o‘qshbtk‘qkx qdkdu‘ms enq rstcdmsr vgn
‘qd ‘ants sn kd‘ud rbgnnk- Hs hr drrdmsh‘k sg‘s sgdx g‘ud sgd noonqstmhsx
sn oq‘bshrd sgd rjhkkr sgdlrdkudr- Hs hr ‘krn cdrhq‘akd sg‘s xnt ‘r sgd
e‘bhkhs‘snq’r( ‘qd bnmehcdms sn cdlnmrsq‘sd sgdrd rjhkkr-
PR
Rdrrhnm ntskhmd
Dwok‘hm sg‘s sgdrd ‘bshuhshdr enbtr nm oq‘bshrhmf fnnc bnlltmhb‘shnm
rjhkkr ‘mc qdrhrshmf adhmf oqdrrtqdc hmsn tmv‘msdc ‘bshuhshdr-
Vghbg o‘qs ne _mn! cn xnt mns tmcdqrs‘mc=
?rj rstcdmsr sn hcdmshex ‘ rhst‘shnm hm vghbg sgdx vntkc khjd sn ad ‘akd
sn r‘x Zmn&- Fds sgdl sn enbtr nm sghr enq ‘ lnldms-
Mdws+ sdkk sgdl sn aqd‘sgd cddokx ‘mc sn hl‘fhmd gnv sgdx vhkk mddc
sn rs‘mc ‘mc gnv sgdhq ancx vhkk mddc sn eddk he sgdx ‘qd fnhmf sn fds
sgdhq ldrr‘fd ‘bqnrr ' hs l‘x ad gdkoetk sn hmsqnctbd sgd hcd‘ ne adhmf
Zfqntmcdc& ’edds ehqlkx ok‘bdc nm sgd eknnq+ ‘ khsskd chrs‘mbd ‘o‘qs+
hl‘fhmd ‘ rsqhmf qtmmhmf eqnl sgd fqntmc+ to sgqntfg sgdhq ancx ‘mc
nts sgqntfg sgd sno ne sgdhq gd‘c+ ‘mc sghr hr gnkchmf sgdl toqhfgs ‘mc
rsqnmf(-
G‘ud sgdl oq‘bshrd lnuhmf ‘qntmc sgd qnnl enq ‘ edv lhmtsdr+ jddohmf
‘ ro‘bd adsvddm sgdlrdkudr ‘mc nsgdqr+ dwodqhdmbhmf sg‘s eddkhmf
hm sgdhq anchdr- Oq‘hrd sgnrd vgnl xnt rdd cnhmf sghr vdkk ‘mc gdko
F
rstcdmsr vgn ‘qd ehmchmf hs lnqd cheehbtks-
Mdws+ gnkchmf nm sn sgd rhst‘shnm vgdqd sgdx v‘ms sn r‘x Zmn&+ ‘mc
l‘hms‘hmhmf sgdhq cddo aqd‘sghmf+ Zfqntmcdc& ‘mc rsqnmf ancx onrstqd+
g‘ud sgdl lhkk ‘ants sgd qnnl ‘mc ldds nmd nsgdq odqrnm ‘s ‘ shld-
O
Sdkk sgdl sn r‘x Zmn& bkd‘qkx+ ehqlkx ‘mc vhsg fnnc dxd bnms‘bs ’mn q‘hrdc
unhbdr+ mn vghrodqhmf+ rntmchmf Zkhjd xnt ld‘m hs&(- Hs l‘x ad gdkoetk sn
rsno sgdl ‘esdq ‘ lnldms nq svn ‘mc sn chrbtrr vg‘s vnqjr ‘mc vg‘s
hr cheehbtks-
Cq‘v ‘ssdmshnm sn ‘mx lhwdc ldrr‘fdr xnt rdd nq gd‘q ’d-f- rlhkdr+
O
k‘tfgsdq nq mncchmf gd‘cr(- Chrbtrr sgd trd ne a‘bj,to fdrstqdr khjd ‘
g‘mc gdkc to hm eqnms ne sgd ancx+ nq hcdmshex rstcdmsr vgn ‘qd r‘xhmf
Zmn& bkd‘qkx ‘mc hmuhsd sgdl sn cdlnmrsq‘sd- Sgdm g‘ud sgdl oq‘bshrd
‘f‘hm- Qdldladq sn oq‘hrd rstcdmsr vgdmdudq xnt rdd sgdl deedbshudkx
athkchmf sgdrd rjhkkr-
PR
■ ZBnld tors‘hqr-&
■ ZSqx sghr ' hs vhkk l‘jd xnt eddk ?,L?Y,HMF &
■ ZKds ld jhrr xnt-&
■ ZKds&r cn hs.kds&r g‘ud rdw ' ats H cnm&s g‘ud ‘ bnmcnl.H cnm&s v‘ms sn
vd‘q nmd-&
Chrok‘x sgd rhst‘shnmr ‘mc dw‘lokdr ‘mc ‘cc ‘mx hcd‘r eqnl sgd
rstcdmsr-
Rokhs sgd fqnto hm g‘ke+ ‘mc enql sgdl hmsn svn bnmbdmsqhb bhqbkdr+ nmd
nm sgd hmrhcd e‘bhmf nts ‘mc sgd nsgdq nm sgd ntsrhcd e‘bhmf hm- G‘ud
d‘bg odqrnm noonrhsd ‘ o‘qsmdq- Hmuhsd d‘bg odqrnm nm sgd hmrhcd bhqbkd sn
bgnnrd nmd ne sgd rhst‘shnmr chrok‘xdc-
?kk snfdsgdq+ sgd rstcdmsr nm sgd hmrhcd hmuhsd sgdhq o‘qsmdq sn cn
vg‘sdudq sgdx g‘ud bgnrdm eqnl sgd chrok‘x ‘mc sgdhq o‘qsmdq qdrhrsr
sgd oqdrrtqd+ trhmf sgd rjhkkr sgdx g‘ud addm oq‘bshrhmf ‘mc r‘xhmf ‘
bkd‘q Zmn&- Sdkk sgdl mns sn trd lnchehdqr ’d-f- Zitrs&+ Zrnqs ne& nq Zl‘xad&(
vgdm rod‘jhmf9
■ ZH&l itrs sqxhmf sn gdko-&
F
■ ZSg‘s rnqs ne l‘jdr ld tmbnlenqs‘akd-&
■ ZL‘xad xnt rgntkc kd‘ud-&
Lnchehdqr rnesdm ‘mxsghmf vd r‘x ‘mc tmcdqlhmd tr- Hs&r g‘qc mns sn trd
O
sgdl+ ats qdldladq ' ntq rs‘sdldmsr rs‘x ‘rrdqshud ‘mc rsqnmf vgdm
vd cn mns trd sgdl-
?r rnnm ‘r sgdx g‘ud r‘hc Zmn&+ sgnrd hm sgd ntsrhcd bhqbkd lnud nm hm ‘
bknbjvhrd chqdbshnm sn sgdhq mdws o‘qsmdq- Sgdhq mdv o‘qsmdq hmuhsdr sgdl
sn cn vg‘s sgdx g‘ud bgnrdm+ ‘mc ‘f‘hm sgnrd nm sgd ntsrhcd oq‘bshrd
O
r‘xhmf Zmn&-
Sghr bnmshmtdr ‘r knmf ‘r xnt khjd nq tmshk sgd rstcdmsr hm sgd ntsdq bhqbkd
qdstqm sn sgdhq nqhfhm‘k o‘qsmdq- Bg‘mfd nudq+ ‘mc qdod‘s sgd ‘bshuhsx vhsg
qdudqrdc qnkdr-
PR
F
sgd sghqc odqrnm qdronmcr ‘ooqnoqh‘sdkx+ ‘mc rn nm qntmc sgd rdlh,bhqbkd-
Hs hr ‘ fnnc hcd‘ enq xnt sgd e‘bhkhs‘snq sn inhm hm+ ‘mc sn ‘kknv odnokd sn
fds hs vqnmf ‘mc g‘ud ‘ rdbnmc fn+ ‘krn sn dmbntq‘fd aq‘udq rntkr sn
dwodqhldms vhsg mdv khmdr ‘mc.nq mdv qdronmrdr-
O
Rbqhosdc sn r‘x _mn!
Chuhcd sgd rstcdmsr hmsn rl‘kk rdke,rdkdbsdc fqntor ne sgqdd nq entq- Sdkk
d‘bg fqnto sn bgnnrd nmd ne sgd rhst‘shnmr ‘mc sn cdudkno ‘ rgnqs+
rbqhosdc qnkd,ok‘x ’rdd o‘fd©00( ‘r hm sgd oqduhntr ‘bshuhsx+ trhmf Zkhmdr&
O
‘mc qdronmrdr ‘mc fnnc bnlltmhb‘shnm rjhkkr-
Dwok‘hm sg‘s xnt l‘x ‘rj enq unktmsddqr sn qnkd,ok‘x k‘sdq- Dlog‘rhrd sg‘s
sghr hr mns ‘ants odqenql‘mbd+ ats ‘ants oq‘bshrhmf ‘mc cdlnmrsq‘shmf
rjhkkr sn r‘x Zmn&- Xnt vhkk mddc sn lnud adsvddm sgd fqntor+ fhuhmf gdko
PR
F
atkkxhmf+ sgd qdronmrhahkhshdr ne axrs‘mcdqr sn qdonqs atkkxhmf+ ‘mc gnv ‘mc
vgdqd sn fds gdko-
Mnsd sn Adenqd tmcdqs‘jhmf sghr rdrrhnm hs vhkk ad trdetk sn9
sd‘bgdqr
O ‘ qduhrhs ‘ vnqjhmf ‘fqddldms ' rdd o‘fd©07
a dwoknqd qdrntqbdr nm atkkxhmf ‘mc ancx hl‘fd hrrtdr9
gssor9..b‘lo‘hfmqdrntqbdr-ogd-fnu-tj.rbgnnkr.snohbr.
qhrd,‘anud.nudquhdv=VS-lbZhc:Qhrd?anudenqRbgnnkrZORGD?ZDcBnlrZ
QdrntqbdZkhrshmfZRdo06
O
Pdrrhnm p_shnm_kd
Rnld qdk‘shnmrghor) rtbg ‘r sgnrd vhsg ntq e‘lhkx ldladqr) ‘qd nesdm
rn drrdmsh‘k sg‘s sgdx itrs Y‘qd!) vgdqd‘r knsr ne mdv ‘mc hlonqs‘ms
qdk‘shnmrghor adfhm ‘r vd fds nkcdq- Pdk‘shnmrghor b‘m rnldshldr
PR
Rdrrhnm ntskhmd
0 ZW ‘mc X ‘qd hm ‘ qdk‘shnmrgho-& Qd‘c nts sghr rs‘sdldms sn sgd fqnto
‘mc sgdm ‘rj+ ZChc sg‘s l‘jd xnt sghmj ehqrs ne ‘ rdwt‘k.qnl‘mshb
qdk‘shnmrgho;& Khed oqnuhcdr ‘kk cheedqdms jhmcr ne qdk‘shnmrghor- Dudqx
qdk‘shnmrgho g‘r sgd onsdmsh‘k sn ad gd‘ksgx ‘mc onrhshud+ vgdsgdq hs&r
vhsg ‘ eqhdmc+ ‘ e‘lhkx ldladq+ rnldnmd xnt rstcx nq vnqj vhsg+ nq
rnldnmd xnt ‘qd qnl‘mshb‘kkx nq rdwt‘kkx hmunkudc vhsg- Rnldshldr
qdk‘shnmrghor fqnv ‘mc aknrrnl vhsg udqx khsskd deenqs ' ats lnqd
nesdm+ odnokd mddc sn b‘qd enq ‘ qdk‘shnmrgho sn dminx hs+ l‘jd hs
ekntqhrg ‘mc fds sgd adrs nts ne hs-
1 Trd ‘ B‘qntrdk ldsgncnknfx ’rdd o‘fd©0/( sn bqd‘sd ‘m noonqstmhsx
sn dwoknqd ‘mc ‘qshbtk‘sd ‘sshstcdr snv‘qcr sgd pt‘khshdr ne gd‘ksgx
qdk‘shnmrghor- Trd sgd Qdk‘shnmrgho Pt‘khsx b‘qcr+ fhuhmf nmd sn d‘bg
dmpthqdq- Sgd dmpthqdq qd‘cr nts vg‘s hr nm sgd b‘qc- Chrok‘x sgd
enkknvhmf ptdrshnmr rn ‘kk b‘m rdd sgdl+ ‘mc trd sgdrd sn enbtr sgd
ch‘knftd adsvddm sgd dmpthqdq ‘mc sgd gdkodq9
■ Gnv e‘q cn xnt ‘fqdd vhsg sgd cdehmhshnm nm sgd b‘qc;
F
■ B‘m xnt needq ‘ cheedqdms nq adssdq cdehmhshnm enq sgd pt‘khsx nm
sg‘s b‘qc;
■ Gnv ghfg nq knv vntkc xnt q‘sd sg‘s pt‘khsx vgdm athkchmf ‘
gd‘ksgx qdk‘shnmrgho;
O
■ B‘m xnt sghmj ne ‘m dw‘lokd sg‘s chrok‘xr sg‘s pt‘khsx ’nq sgd k‘bj
ne hs( hm ‘ qdk‘shnmrgho;
2 ?esdq sgd B‘qntrdk g‘r ‘kknvdc ‘r l‘mx odnokd ‘r onrrhakd sn gd‘q
d‘bg nsgdq&r uhdvr ‘ants qdk‘shnmrghor+ kd‘c ‘ vgnkd,fqnto chrbtrrhnm
sg‘s hmuhsdr rstcdmsr sn rod‘j ‘ants vghbg qdk‘shnmrgho pt‘khshdr
O
rddldc sgd lnrs hlonqs‘ms sn sgdl-
SQTRS
Qdkx nm ‘mc g‘ud bnmehcdmbd hm sgd GNMDRSX
nsgdq odqrnm ‘mc fhud d‘bg nsgdq Ad nodm ‘ants eddkhmfr ‘mc ‘bshnmr
sgd admdehs ne sgd cntas
F
‘mc©khlhsr sgd qdrs ne sgd qdk‘shnmrgho
O
BNLOQNLHRD
D‘bg odqrnm cndr mns ‘kv‘xr fds
sgdhq nvm v‘x ‘mc hr vhkkhmf sn fhud
HMCHUHCT?KHSX
Mn nmd g‘r sn bnloqnlhrd vgnl
gd.rgd hr ‘mc d‘bg odqrnm b‘m
bnmshmtd rddhmf ghr.gdq eqhdmcr ‘mc
‘mc s‘jd
O
cnhmf sgd sghmfr gd.rgd dminxr
OQNAKDL,RNKUHMF
DLO?SGX
Hcdmshex rnktshnmr ax aqd‘jhmf ‘
S‘jd shld sn tmcdqrs‘mc vg‘s sgd
oqnakdl hmsn rl‘kk o‘qsr ‘mc ax
nsgdq odqrnm lhfgs ad eddkhmf
s‘kjhmf sgqntfg sgd rhst‘shnm