Ldladpr ne sgd :efgWmhrsWm Rstcx Fpnto

An,bgWhpr
Rdm‘snq Jdkkx @- @xnssd
Fdmdq‘k Inrdog E- Ctmenqc Iq- ’Qds-(
Lr- M‘mbx Khmcanqf

Rstcx Fpnto Ldladpr

Lr- Mhrg‘ Ahrv‘k Lr- Rtr‘m Fnqcnm Lq- C‘uhc Lhkha‘mc
@la‘rr‘cnq I‘ldr Cnaahmr @la‘rr‘cnq L‘qj Fqddm Lr- Khr‘ Lnm‘bn
Rdm‘snq Ind Cnmmdkkx @la‘rr‘cnq L‘qb Fqnrrl‘m Cq- Ldfg‘m N&Rtkkhu‘m
Lr- Lhbgàkd Ekntqmnx Lq- Rsdogdm I- G‘ckdx Fdmdq‘k Btqshr Rb‘o‘qqnssh ’Qds-(

hr qdonqs+ vghbg v‘r cq‘dc hm Cdbdladq 1/1/ ‘mc I‘mt‘qx 1/10+ qdoqdrdmsr sgd bnmrdmrtr ne ‘ aho‘qshr‘m ‘mc
hmcdodmcdms Rstcx Fqnto vhsg chudqrd dwodqshrd ‘mc ‘kh‘shnmr- Mn ldladq l‘x ad r‘shrdc vhsg dudqx enqltk‘shnm ‘mc
‘qftldms hm hrnk‘shnm- d mchmfr ne sghr qdonqs ‘qd rnkdkx sgnrd ne sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto- dx cn mns mdbdrr‘qhkx
qdoqdrdms sgd uhdvr ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd nq sgd rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr vgn bnmsqhatsdc sgdhq shld ‘mc dwodqshrd
sn sgd cdkhadq‘shnmr ne sgd Fqnto ‘mc sgd bnmsdms ne sghr qdonqs- @kk ldladqr ‘mc rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr o‘qshbho‘sdc hm sgdhq
odqrnm‘k b‘o‘bhsx ‘mc nm ‘ unktmsddq a‘rhr-

Bnudq hmbktcdr ‘qsvnqj ax Oxsx.Rgtssdqrsnbj- L‘or nm o‘fdr 4 ‘mc 6 bqd‘sdc ax Ktbhchsx Hmenql‘shnm Cdrhfm-

Sifsdc PsUsdo iosfstsd ne IdUad

12/0 Bnmrshstshnm @udmtd MV
V‘rghmfsnm+ CB 1//26

Ognmd9 1/1-346-06//
E‘w9 1/1-318-5/52
D,l‘hk9 trhoZqdptdrsr?trho-nqf
Vda9 vvv-trho-nqf

Pigle McPbc Mnoogakc

 :efgWmhrsWm Rstcx Fpnto
EhmWk Pdonps
APsgtPw eno AcPac hi efgPihrsPi
EBAFR2FU 1 10
Anmsdmsr
Kdssdp epnl sgd An,bgWhpr ---------------------------------------- 1
Dwdbtshud RtllWpx ------------------------------------------------- 3
T-R- M‘shnm‘k Hmsdqdrsr ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m ------------------------- 5
@ Mdv O‘sgv‘x enq Od‘bd ------------------------------------------------- 7
@ksdqm‘shud O‘sgv‘xr --------------------------------------------------------- 8
Bnmbktrhnm ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0/
Hmspnctbshnm ------------------------------------------------------------ 00
Hmsdpdrsr Wmc Jdx Itcfldmsr ------------------------------- 02
T-R- M‘shnm‘k Hmsdqdrsr ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m ----------------------- 02
Jdx Itcfldmsr ------------------------------------------------------------------ 04
:mWkxshbWk :rrdrrldmsr ---------------------------------------- 08
Rs‘str ne sgd Od‘bd Oqnbdrr ---------------------------------------------- 08
Dunktshnm ne sgd Sdqqnqhrs qd‘s eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m --- 11
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r Dbnmnlhb Cdodmcdmbx --------------------------- 13
Onkhshbr ‘mc sgd Rs‘sd -------------------------------------------------------- 2/
Bhuhk Rnbhdsx+ Qhfgsr+ ‘mc Rnbh‘k F‘hmr -------------------------- 23
d @efg‘m M‘shnm‘k Cdedmrd ‘mc Rdbtqhsx Enqbdr ----- 25
d S‘kha‘m9 Nqf‘mhy‘shnm ‘mc Naidbshudr ------------------- 27
Qdfhnm‘k Rs‘jdgnkcdqr ‘mc Cxm‘lhbr --------------------------- 3/
Sgd RspWsdfhb Knfhb adghmc W Mdv :oopnWbg ----- 33
PdbnlldmcWshnmr ------------------------------------------------ 36
0- Bk‘qhex sgd Dmc Rs‘sd ---------------------------------------------------- 36
1- Qdhmenqbd sgd Bnmchshnm‘khsx ne ‘ Ehm‘k
T-R- Sqnno Vhsgcq‘v‘k ------------------------------------------------ 36
2- Bk‘qhex sgd T-R- Bnllhsldms sn
sgd Btqqdms @efg‘m Rs‘sd -------------------------------------------- 38
3- Vnqj Choknl‘shb‘kkx sn Oqnlnsd sgd
Rtbbdrr ne sgd Mdfnsh‘shnm Oqnbdrr ---------------------------- 40
4- Cdrhfm ‘m Nudq‘qbghmf Qdfhnm‘k Choknl‘shb Rsq‘sdfx---- 41
:ksdpmWshud OWsgvWxr -------------------------------------------- 45
Anmbktrhnm ------------------------------------------------------------- 48
:mmdwdr ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.
0- @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto Dm‘akhmf Kdfhrk‘shnm ------ 5/
1- Ldladqr ne sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto
‘mc Rdmhnq @cuhrdqr ----------------------------------------------------- 50
2- Bnmrtks‘shnmr ---------------------------------------------------------------- 52
3- Ldsgncnknfx----------------------------------------------------------------- 55
4- Onkhbx O‘sgv‘xr ------------------------------------------------------------ 6/
5- Sdws ne sgd Cng‘ @fqddldms -------------------------------------- 66
6- Sdws ne sgd Inhms Cdbk‘q‘shnm --------------------------------------- 7/
Mnsdr ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 72
 Kdssdp epnl sgd An,bgWhpr
Vd rtalhs sghr qdonqs vhsg ‘ rdmrd ne gtlhkhsx f‘hmdc eqnl
bnmeqnmshmf nudq sgd o‘rs mhmd lnmsgr ‘ oqnakdl ne ghrsnqhb
bnlokdwhsx+ ‘r vdkk ‘r vhsg ft‘qcdc noshlhrl sg‘s vd g‘ud+
enq sgd qrs shld rhmbd 1//0+ ‘m noonqstmhsx ‘mc eq‘ldvnqj
sn ‘bghdud ‘ itrs ‘mc ctq‘akd od‘bd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m he vd
l‘jd sgd g‘qc bgnhbdr sn ‘khfm ntq dnqsr ‘mc qdrntqbdr sn
sgd btqqdms od‘bd oqnbdrr-
hr qdonqs hr oqnuhcdc sn+ ‘mc ‘s sgd qdptdrs ne+ sgnrd hm
Bnmfqdrr vgn nudqrdd @ldqhb‘m enqdhfm onkhbx ‘mc oqnuhcd
sgd qdrntqbdr sn dmrtqd sg‘s ntq m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr ‘qd lds-
d @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto adf‘m hsr Bnmfqdrrhnm‘kkx
l‘mc‘sdc vnqj hm @oqhk 1/1/+ itrs vddjr ‘dq sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m rhfmdc ‘m ‘fqddldms ’sgd 'Cng‘
‘fqddldms•( nm sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘ T-R- sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k
sg‘s vntkc dmc ntq knmf lhkhs‘qx dmf‘fdldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
hr eq‘ldvnqj enq ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc od‘bd hmenqldc ntq qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr+ vghbg ‘qd a‘rdc nm qdbnfmhyhmf sgd hlodq‘shud
ne ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc bnmbktrhnm sn sghr knmf bnmhbs vghkd r‘ed,
ft‘qchmf ntq knmf,sdql hmsdqdrsr-
D‘qkx hm hsr dnqsr+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto bnmbktcdc sg‘s sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnmshmtdr sn g‘ud rhfmhb‘ms hmsdqdrsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m- Vd g‘ud ‘m hmsdqdrs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m mns ad,
bnlhmf ‘f‘hm ‘ r‘ed g‘udm enq sdqqnqhrsr vgn b‘m sgqd‘sdm
tr- Vd g‘ud ‘m hmsdqdrs hm ‘ rs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr
mns ‘ sgqd‘s sn hsr qdfhnm- @mc vd g‘ud ‘m hmsdqdrs hm ‘m
@efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s qdrodbsr a‘rhb gtl‘m qhfgsr- Vd cn mns+
gnvdudq+ adkhdud sg‘s rdbtqhmf sgdrd hmsdqdrsr qdpthqdr ‘
odql‘mdms T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Nm sgd bnmsq‘qx+ ‘ o‘sgv‘x mnv dwhrsr sg‘s b‘m ‘kknv sgd
qdstqm ne ntq ldm ‘mc vnldm hm tmhenql tmcdq bnmchshnmr
sg‘s gnmnq sgd r‘bqhbdr sg‘s g‘ud addm l‘cd ‘mc sg‘s
oqnsdbs ntq hmsdqdrsr- Vghkd vd bnlldmc sgd choknl‘shb
1 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
dnqsr sg‘s g‘ud bqd‘sdc sghr o‘sgv‘x+ vd adkhdud ‘ rhfmhe,
hb‘ms qduhrhnm ne T-R- onkhbx hr qdpthqdc sn l‘jd sgd lnrs
ne sghr noonqstmhsx- d l‘hm dkdldmsr ne sghr qduhrhnm ‘qd9
z 9m hlldch]sd choknl]shb dnps sn dwsdmc sgd btppdms
L]x 1.10 vhsgcp]v]k c]sd hm nqcdq sn fhud sgd od‘bd
oqnbdrr rtbhdms shld sn oqnctbd ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd qdrtks-
– @ qdbnfmhshnm sg‘s+ hm ‘cchshnm sn bnmctbshmf bntm,
sdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr ‘mc rtoonqshmf sgd @efg‘m
M‘shnm‘k Cdedmrd ‘mc Rdbtqhsx Enqbdr+ ] jdx naidbshud ne
sgd nmfnhmf T-R- lhkhs]px opdrdmbd hr sn gdko bpd]sd
bnmchshnmr enp ]m ]bbdos]akd od]bd ]fpddldms- d
Edaqt‘qx 1/1/ Cng‘ ‘fqddldms ‘mc sgd rtardptdms sqnno
qdctbshnmr bkd‘qkx cdlnmrsq‘sdc sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr
oqdo‘qdc sn vhsgcq‘v eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m- Hs rgntkc mns+
gnvdudq+ rhlokx g‘mc ‘ uhbsnqx sn sgd S‘kha‘m-
z Bnmshmtdc a]rhb rtoonps) vhsg nsgdp cnmnpr) enp sgd
drrdmsh]k hmrshstshnmr ne sgd 9efg]m rs]sd) hmbktchmf
rdbtphsx hmrshstshnmr) vghkd bnmshmthmf sn ldrr]fd ntp
9efg]m o]psmdpr sg]s sghr rtoonps hr mns nodm,dmcdc
]mc hr bnmchshnmdc nm opnfpdrr hm sgd od]bd s]kjr- @
jdx bnmrhcdq‘shnm ne sgd Rstcx Fqnto v‘r sg‘s vghkd vd
rtoonqs sgd u‘ktdr ne sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc qdb,
nfmhyd sg‘s hsr bnkk‘ord bntkc bqd‘sd rhfmhb‘ms oqnakdlr
enq sgd qdfhnm ‘mc adxnmc+ T-R- cdbhrhnmr ‘ants @ldqhb‘&r
oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m b‘mmns ad gdkc gnrs‘fd sn sgd ch,
uhrhnmr+ hmddbshudmdrr+ bnqqtoshnm+ ‘mc rgnqsrhfgsdcmdrr
sg‘s sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms g‘r snn ndm chrok‘xdc-
z Bnmshmtdc rtoonps enp bntp]fdntr ldladpr ne
9efg]m bhuhk rnbhdsx vgn g]ud addm hmrsptldms]k
hm rdbtphmf drrdmsh]k f]hmr hm phfgsr) dctb]shnm) ]mc
gd]ksg ]mc vgn g]ud addm ]mc vhkk bnmshmtd sn ad
jdx hm rtoonpshmf ] rtrs]hmdc od]bd-
z 9 pddlog]rhr nm choknl]bx ]mc mdfnsh]shnm) hmbktchmf
] pdfhnm]k choknl]shb rsp]sdfx hlokdldmsdc nudp sgd
knmfdp sdpl- dqd hr aqn‘c qdfhnm‘k rtoonqs enq ‘ T-R-
vhsgcq‘v‘k sg‘s hr qdronmrhakd q‘sgdq sg‘m oqdbhohs‘sd
‘mc bg‘nshb- L‘mx bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm+ drodbh‘kkx
O‘jhrs‘m+ g‘ud hmtdmbd nudq sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc nsgdq
o‘qshbho‘msr hm sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr- dx rgntkc ‘bshudkx
trd sghr hmtdmbd sn l‘jd sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr rtbbdrretk
adb‘trd sgdx vhkk tkshl‘sdkx admds eqnl hsr rtbbdrr-
z d g]pmdrrhmf ]mc bnnpchm]shnm ne hmsdpm]shnm]k
rtoonps enp ] onrs,]fpddldms 9efg]m rs]sd- Cnmnqr
vgn+ vhsg tr+ g‘ud gdkodc qdathkc @efg‘mhrs‘m nudq
sgd o‘rs svdmsx xd‘qr ‘qd vhkkhmf+ a‘rdc nm bdqs‘hm
bnmchshnmr+ sn ‘krn rtrs‘hm rtoonqs enq ‘ onrs,‘fqddldms
@efg‘m rs‘sd- drd dnqsr ltrs ad tmhdc ‘mc bngdqdms-
hr qdonqs oqdrdmsr ‘ rdqhdr ne cds‘hkdc qdbnlldmc‘shnmr
sn fthcd sgd hlokdldms‘shnm ne sgd qduhrdc rsq‘sdfx- d
qdbnlldmc‘shnmr ‘qd atssqdrrdc ax ‘m dwsdmrhud ‘m‘kxrhr
ne sgd cqhudqr ne bnmhbs ‘mc rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d
‘m‘kxrhr hr hmsdmcdc mns nmkx sn bk‘qhex sgd bnlokdwhsx ne sgd
hrrtdr ‘mc sgd bg‘kkdmfdr ‘gd‘c+ ats ‘krn sn dwok‘hm vgx vd
adkhdud hs hr onrrhakd sn qd‘bg sgd cdrhqdc dmc rs‘sd-
Mnmdsgdkdrr+ sgd bg‘kkdmfdr ‘mc sgd onrrhahkhsx ne e‘hktqd
‘krn bnlodkkdc tr sn oqnonrd ‘ rds ne ‘ksdqm‘shud onkhbx
o‘sgv‘xr sg‘s b‘m enql ‘m hsdq‘shud o‘sgv‘x enqv‘qc
rgntkc onsdmsh‘k qn‘caknbjr hlodcd sgd oqhl‘qx rsq‘sdfx
vd qdbnlldmc- Vd gnod sg‘s ansg sgd dwsdmrhud
‘m‘kxrhr ‘mc sgd ‘ksdqm‘shud o‘sgv‘xr vhkk oqnud trdetk sn
cdbhrhnm,l‘jdqr mnv ‘mc hm sgd etstqd-
hr qdonqs hr rtalhssdc ‘s ‘ bqhshb‘k lnldms- @ mdv ‘clhm,
hrsq‘shnm g‘r s‘jdm nbd ‘s ‘ shld vgdm tqfdms cdbhrhnmr
Jdkkx @- @xnssd Inrdog E- Ctmenqc Iq-
mddc sn ad l‘cd ‘ants sgd dwhrshmf od‘bd oqnbdrr- Oqdrhcdms
Ahcdm hm sgd qrs vddjr ne ghr sdql vhkk mddc sn l‘jd ‘
cdbhrhnm nm vgdsgdq sn qdlnud ‘kk sqnnor eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m
ax L‘x 0+ 1/10+ ‘r hmchb‘sdc hm sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ nq
hmrhrs sg‘s bnmchshnmr ‘krn hmchb‘sdc hm sg‘s ‘fqddldms ‘qd
bkd‘qkx lds adenqd vhsgcq‘vhmf ntq sqnnor- dqd vhkk rtqd,
kx ad lnqd hlonqs‘ms hrrtdr ne cnldrshb ‘mc enqdhfm onkhbx
e‘bhmf sgd mdv ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm+ ats edv vhkk ad lnqd tqfdms-
qntfgnts ntq hmsdqm‘k cdkhadq‘shnmr ‘mc ntq bnmrtks‘,
shnmr vhsg ntsrhcd rs‘jdgnkcdqr+ vd g‘ud addm ‘v‘qd ne sgd
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx&r+ ‘mc @ldqhb‘&r+ ‘qcdms cdrhqd
sn rdd ‘m dmc sn sgd knmf @efg‘m bnmhbs- Vg‘sdudq hsr
‘vr+ sgd btqqdms od‘bd oqnbdrr oqnuhcdr sgd adrs eq‘ld,
vnqj sn aqhmf sg‘s ‘ants-
Vd dwsdmc ntq cddodrs sg‘mjr sn sgnrd vgn l‘cd ntq
vnqj onrrhakd- Vd qdbdhudc mtldqntr aqhdmfr eqnl ‘
vhcd ‘mc chudqrd q‘mfd ne rs‘jdgnkcdqr- Vd ‘ooqdbh‘sd sgd
Ldladqr ne Bnmfqdrr vgn rtoonqsdc sgd Fqnto&r l‘m,
c‘sd ‘mc rstcx- Vd ‘qd drodbh‘kkx fq‘sdetk sn ntq edkknv
Fqnto ldladqr ‘mc rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr+ vgn unktmsddqdc
rhfmhb‘ms shld ‘mc dwodqshrd- Vd vntkc ‘krn khjd sn
sg‘mj rs‘ eqnl ‘bqnrr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
enq sgdhq sqdldmcntr rtoonqs-
hr qdonqs hr cdchb‘sdc sn sgd ldladqr ne ntq lhkhs‘qx ‘mc
sgd @ldqhb‘m bhuhkh‘mr vgn g‘ud rdqudc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+
drodbh‘kkx sgnrd vgn g‘ud addm vntmcdc ‘mc sgnrd vgn
g‘ud knrs sgdhq khudr nudq sgd k‘rs mhmdsddm xd‘qr- Vd ‘krn
qdldladq ntq ‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr vgn vnqjdc+ entfgs+
‘mc chdc ‘knmfrhcd tr+ hmbktchmf sgd @efg‘mr sgdlrdkudr-
Vd ad‘q hm lhmc sgd r‘bqhbdr l‘cd ax @efg‘mr vgn
bnmshmtd sn rtdq hlld‘rtq‘akx ats enq vgnl od‘bd l‘x
‘s k‘rs ad vhsghm qd‘bg-
M‘mbx Khmcanqf
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 2
 Dwdbtshud RtllWpx
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r knmf bnmhbs g‘r dmsdqdc ‘ mdv ‘mc onsdm,
sh‘kkx m‘k og‘rd9 ‘ qd‘k noonqstmhsx sn qd‘bg ‘ od‘bdetk
qdrnktshnm dwhrsr+ ats sgd enqbdr ne eq‘fldms‘shnm qdl‘hm
rsqnmf- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr b‘m ok‘x ‘ jdx qnkd hm cdsdqlhm,
hmf he sghr noonqstmhsx hr s‘jdm- @ qdronmrhakd ‘mc bngdqdms
rds ne T-R- ‘bshnmr bntkc fqd‘skx hmbqd‘rd sgd bg‘mbdr ne ‘
od‘bdetk qdrnktshnm sn enqsx xd‘qr ne bnmhbs: ‘ q‘rg ‘mc
qtrgdc ‘ooqn‘bg bntkc hmbqd‘rd sgd bg‘mbdr ne ‘ aqd‘j,
cnvm ne nqcdq hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc ‘ vnqrdmhmf ne sghr knmf
‘mc sq‘fhb v‘q vhsg mdf‘shud bnmrdptdmbdr enq sgd qdfhnm
‘mc gdhfgsdmdc sgqd‘sr sn sgd rdbtqhsx ‘mc hmsdqdrsr ne sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
d @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto v‘r drs‘akhrgdc ax Bnmfqdrr
hm Cdbdladq 1/08- d kdfhrk‘shud l‘mc‘sd ’qdoqnctbdc
hm ‘mmdw 0( bg‘qfdc sgd '@efg‘mhrs‘m Od‘bd Oqnbdrr Rstcx
Fqnto• vhsg hcdmshexhmf onkhbx qdbnlldmc‘shnmr sg‘s
'bnmrhcdq sgd hlokhb‘shnmr ne ‘ od‘bd rdsskdldms+ nq sgd
e‘hktqd sn qd‘bg ‘ rdsskdldms+ nm T-R- onkhbx+ qdrntqbdr+
‘mc bnllhsldmsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-• @ldqhb‘mr fdmdq‘kkx
‘fqdd sg‘s hs hr shld sn dmc sghr v‘q- Hs g‘r fnmd nm enq svn
cdb‘cdr ‘s fqd‘s bnrs hm khudr ‘mc qdrntqbdr- Vghkd T-R-
enqbd kdudkr ‘mc bnla‘s cd‘sgr ‘qd cnvm cq‘l‘shb‘kkx+ du,
dqx khed ne ‘m @ldqhb‘m hm tmhenql hr oqdbhntr”‘mc sgnrd
khudr ‘qd rshkk ‘s qhrj ‘mc adhmf knrs- Ats vhsgcq‘vhmf T-R-
sqnnor hqqdronmrhakx vntkc khjdkx kd‘c sn ‘ mdv bhuhk v‘q
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ hmuhshmf sgd qdbnmrshstshnm ne ‘msh,T-R-
sdqqnqhrs fqntor sg‘s bntkc sgqd‘sdm ntq gnldk‘mc ‘mc
oqnuhchmf sgdl vhsg ‘ m‘qq‘shud ne uhbsnqx ‘f‘hmrs sgd
vnqkc&r lnrs onvdqetk bntmsqx- Rtoonqshmf od‘bd mdfn,
sh‘shnmr ndqr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sgd bg‘mbd sn gnmnq T-R-
r‘bqhbdr+ rdbtqd bnqd T-R- hmsdqdrsr+ ‘mc rgnv sghr m‘shnm&r
dmdlhdr sg‘s sgdx b‘mmns oqdu‘hk-
d bnrsr ne ntq lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd ‘qd rhfmhb‘mskx qdctbdc
ctd sn sgd qdctbshnm ne sqnnor eqnl 03+/// sn 1+4// hm 1/1/-
3 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Ntq sqnnor ok‘x ‘ rtoonqshmf qnkd ‘mc ‘qd e‘q kdrr dwonrdc
sn c‘mfdq sg‘m sgdx vdqd oqduhntrkx- dhq etmbshnm hr sn
rtoonqs ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr q‘sgdq sg‘m oqnrdbtsd ‘ v‘q- drd
‘qd hlonqs‘ms bnmrhcdq‘shnmr sg‘s rgntkc mns ad knrs hm sgd
cda‘sd ‘ants ntq etstqd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d Rstcx Fqnto&r cdkhadq‘shnmr snnj ok‘bd ‘r sgd @efg‘m
od‘bd oqnbdrr snnj rg‘od- d Fqnto&r ldladqrgho v‘r
adhmf enqldc vgdm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rhfmdc sgd Edaqt‘qx
1/1/ ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m nm sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘
sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k- d Rstcx Fqnto&r qrs lddshmf+ hm @oqhk+
v‘r gdkc vghkd sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m v‘r qd,
rnkuhmf sgd oqdrhcdmsh‘k dkdbshnm ‘mc m‘lhmf ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf
sd‘l- Hsr g okdm‘qx+ hm Rdosdladq+ snnj ok‘bd itrs ‘dq
sgd adfhmmhmf ne s‘kjr adsvddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms
‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘lr- hr m‘rbdms od‘bd
oqnbdrr bqd‘sdr ‘m nodmhmf enq ‘ fdmthmdkx mdv ‘ooqn‘bg
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d Rstcx Fqnto adkhdudr sgdqd hr ‘m tmoqdbdcdmsdc noonq,
stmhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sn etkkx ‘khfm ntq onkhbhdr+ oq‘bshbdr+
‘mc ldrr‘fhmf ‘bqnrr choknl‘shb+ lhkhs‘qx+ ‘mc ‘rrhrs‘mbd
dnqsr snv‘qc sgd nudq‘qbghmf fn‘k ne ‘bghduhmf ‘ rtbbdrr,
etk od‘bd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- hr ‘ooqn‘bg vhkk qdpthqd ‘ mdv
v‘x ne rddhmf ntq oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc ‘bshmf nm
ntq oqhnqhshdr-
hr qdonqs k‘xr nts itrs rtbg ‘ mdv ‘ooqn‘bg+ nmd sg‘s
vntkc ad bnmrhrsdms nudq‘kk vhsg sgd eq‘ldvnqj oqnuhcdc
ax sgd btqqdms od‘bd oqnbdrr+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr
mnv tmcdqv‘x adsvddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd
S‘kha‘m- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc l‘hms‘hm sgd bnllhs,
ldmsr hs l‘cd hm hsr Edaqt‘qx 1/1/ ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd
S‘kha‘m+ vghbg hmbktcdr ‘ bnllhsldms sn vhsgcq‘v ntq
enqbdr tmcdq rodbhb+ ‘bbdos‘akd bnmchshnmr- d Rstcx
Fqnto+ gnvdudq+ adkhdudr sg‘s hs vhkk ad udqx chbtks+ ‘mc
 – hqc+ ntq lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ltrs
bnmshmtd sn enbtr nm hsr bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl etmbshnm
vghkd fhuhmf fqd‘sdq dlog‘rhr sg‘m adenqd sn rg‘ohmf
bnmchshnmr sg‘s dmg‘mbd sgd oqnrodbsr ne ‘ rtbbdrretk
od‘bd oqnbdrr-
– Entqsg+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ vghbg g‘r knmf rtoonqsdc
@efg‘m bhuhk rnbhdsx+ mddcr sn ‘bjmnvkdcfd sgd bqtbh‘k
qnkd sg‘s bhuhk rnbhdsx g‘r ok‘xdc hm rdbtqhmf bqhshb‘k
cdudknoldms f‘hmr sn c‘sd ‘mc b‘m ok‘x ctqhmf ansg
sgd mdfnsh‘shmf oqnbdrr ‘mc sgd hlokdldms‘shnm ne ‘m
dudmst‘k od‘bd ‘fqddldms-
– Ehm‘kkx+ ‘r vd dmsdq hmsn sghr daahmf og‘rd ne ntq hm,
unkudldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs mns
enqfds sg‘s vd dmsdqdc @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r o‘qs ne ‘ vhcdq
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k dnqs- Ntq M@SN ‘kkhdr hm o‘qshbtk‘q g‘ud
addm rsd‘ce‘rs hm sgdhq rtoonqs ‘mc g‘ud rg‘qdc sgd r‘b,
qhbd: nudq ‘ sgntr‘mc bn‘khshnm sqnnor g‘ud addm jhkkdc
rhmbd 1//0- Ntq etstqd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ltrs ad cdbhcdc
hm bnmrtks‘shnm vhsg sgdrd ‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr
hr ‘ooqn‘bg hr mns vhsgnts qhrjr fhudm sgd unk‘shkd ‘mc
bnlokdw rhst‘shnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Gnvdudq+ sgd Rstcx
Fqnto adkhdudr hsr qdbnlldmc‘shnmr oqdrdms sgd adrs
noonqstmhsx sn oqnsdbs T-R- hmsdqdrsr ‘mc oqnuhcd ‘ bnl,
oqdgdmrhud eq‘ldvnqj enq etstqd cdbhrhnm,l‘jhmf ‘r sgd
rhst‘shnm hmduhs‘akx dunkudr- hr qdonqs hmbktcdr ‘ cds‘hkdc
‘m‘kxrhr ne sgd jdx dkdldmsr ne rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘r
vdkk ‘r ‘ rds ne etstqd ‘bshnmr sg‘s b‘m ad s‘jdm rgntkc hs
adbnld bkd‘q sg‘s sgd qdbnlldmcdc o‘sgv‘x vhkk mns kd‘c
sn sgd hmsdmcdc qdrtks-
T-R- MWshnmWk Hmsdpdrsr Wmc :efgWmhrsWm
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnmshmtdr sn g‘ud hlonqs‘ms m‘shnm,
‘k hmsdqdrsr sg‘s vhkk ad ‘dbsdc ax cdudknoldmsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m- d enqdlnrs hmsdqdrs hr bnms‘hmhmf sgd ‘bshu,
hshdr ne sdqqnqhrs fqntor sg‘s qdl‘hm ‘bshud hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
‘mc sg‘s bntkc sgqd‘sdm sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc+ oqhmbho‘kkx
‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc sgd Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd Jgnq‘r‘m Oqnuhmbd ’HRJO(-
5 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Ntq nmfnhmf lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ vnqjhmf
‘knmfrhcd @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr+ g‘r chrqtosdc sgdrd
fqntor ‘mc oqdudmsdc sgdl eqnl ‘ss‘bjhmf ntq gnldk‘mc-
@ bnlokdsd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne ntq sqnnor vntkc ‘kknv sgd
sgqd‘s sn qddldqfd- Hm sgd knmf sdql+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs
dhsgdq l‘hms‘hm ‘ bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl enqbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m nq
ad ‘rrtqdc sg‘s nsgdq udqh‘akd ldbg‘mhrlr ‘qd hm ok‘bd sn
dmrtqd sg‘s sgdrd fqntor b‘mmns qdbnmrshstsd-
Ntq knmf hmunkudldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r qdrtksdc hm
‘bghdudldmsr sg‘s ‘qd hm ntq hmsdqdrs sn oqdrdqud- @ksgntfg
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r hmrshstshnmr ‘qd hlodqedbs+ ldbg‘mhrlr g‘ud
addm ots hm ok‘bd sg‘s ‘kknv enq rnbh‘k hmbktrhnm+ qdoqdrdm,
s‘shud fnudqmldms+ ‘mc sgd bnmrnkhc‘shnm ne sgd qtkd ne
k‘v+ ‘mc sgdrd qdl‘hm sgd adrs v‘x hm vghbg @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
chudqrd bnlltmhshdr b‘m bndwhrs vhsghm ‘ rs‘akd onkhsx- Hm
sgd nmfnhmf mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd qdoqdrdms‘shudr ne sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk mddc sn mc bqd‘shud
bnloqnlhrdr adsvddm sgdhq chdqdms vnqkcuhdvr- Hs hr mns
vhsghm sgd l‘mc‘sd ne sgd Rstcx Fqnto sn itcfd vg‘s sgdrd
bnloqnlhrdr lhfgs ad+ ats @efg‘mhrs‘m&r rs‘ahkhsx cdodmcr
nm hs g‘uhmf onkhshb‘k hmrshstshnmr sg‘s ‘qd qdoqdrdms‘shud+
hmbktrhud”hmbktchmf ne vnldm ‘mc lhmnqhshdr”‘mc a‘rdc
nm ‘ kdf‘k rxrsdl sg‘s dlanchdr sgd ‘rohq‘shnmr ne sgd
@efg‘m odnokd enq itrshbd-
@mnsgdq jdx T-R- hmsdqdrs odqs‘hmr sn sgd vhcdq qdfhnm- @
rs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m vntkc bqd‘sd sgd onsdmsh‘k enq qdfhnm‘k
dbnmnlhb bnnodq‘shnm sg‘s bntkc admds ‘kk bntmsqhdr hm
sgd qdfhnm+ khmjhmf dmdqfx,qhbg Bdmsq‘k @rh‘ vhsg dmdqfx,
cdoqhudc Rntsg @rh‘- Ax sgd r‘ld snjdm+ ‘m tmrs‘akd
@efg‘mhrs‘m qhrjr cdrs‘ahkhyhmf sgd qdfhnm sgqntfg sgd
bnmshmtdc sq‘cd hm hkkhbhs cqtfr+ sgd ‘ssq‘bshnm ne dwsqdlhrs
hcdnknfhdr+ ‘mc sgd onrrhakd dw‘bdqa‘shnm ne sgd qhu‘kqx
adsvddm Hmch‘ ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m+ svn mtbkd‘q,‘qldc onvdqr-
d T-R- enbtr nm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r hlohmfdc nm aqn‘cdq
fdnonkhshb‘k hmsdqdrsr sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r hm sgd qdfhnm-
Nmd ne sgd knmfdq,sdql naidbshudr ne sgd Fqnto&r qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr hr sn b‘khaq‘sd ntq bnllhsldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
hm sgd bnmsdws ne aqn‘cdq rsq‘sdfhb bnmrhcdq‘shnmr+ o‘qshbt,
k‘qkx vhsg qdf‘qc sn Bghm‘+ Hmch‘+ Hq‘m+ O‘jhrs‘m+ ‘mc Qtrrh‘-
 Ntq dnqsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘ud hmunkudc ‘ mtladq ne
eqhdmcr ‘mc ‘kkhdr- Dudqx ldladq ne M@SN g‘r rdms
sqnnor nq nsgdq ‘rrdsr sn @efg‘mhrs‘m rhmbd 8.00+ ‘r g‘ud
knmf,rs‘mchmf mnm,M@SN ‘kkhdr- drd qdk‘shnmrghor oqd,
c‘sdc ntq hmsdqudmshnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc vd vhkk mddc
sgdl ‘dq sg‘s hmsdqudmshnm dmcr- d bnmshmtdc oqdrdmbd
ne l‘mx ‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m qdkhdr nm sgd
knfhrshb‘k ok‘senql sg‘s vd oqnuhcd- @ tmhk‘sdq‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k
sg‘s cndr mns hmunkud bnmrtks‘shnm ‘mc ‘fqddldms vhsg
sgdl vhkk tmcdqlhmd ntq bqdchahkhsx ‘r ‘ o‘qsmdq- Vd g‘ud
o‘hmetkkx kd‘qmdc sg‘s sgd fkna‘khy‘shnm ne sgqd‘sr qdpthqdr
ntq bnmrs‘ms uhfhk‘mbd ‘mc sg‘s ntq aqn‘c rxrsdl ne ‘kkh‘mb,
dr hr drrdmsh‘k sn sg‘s uhfhk‘mbd+ ‘ cdsdqqdms ‘f‘hmrs ‘ss‘bjr+
‘mc ‘ onvdqetk k‘sdms bn‘khshnm vd b‘m b‘kk tonm vgdm vd
mddc sn cdedmc ntqrdkudr ‘f‘hmrs etstqd sgqd‘sr-
: Mdv OWsgvWx enp OdWbd
hr qdonqs oqdrdmsr ‘ mdv v‘x enqv‘qc sg‘s athkcr nm sgd
od‘bd oqnbdrr mnv tmcdqv‘x sn b‘qqx nts ‘ T-R- lhkhs‘qx
dwhs eqnl sgd @efg‘m bnmhbs sg‘s rdbtqdr T-R- hmsdqdrsr-
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r g‘c sn vnqj g‘qc sn fds sgd svn rhcdr
sn sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd- Vd g‘ud g‘c sn l‘jd bnmbdrrhnmr
sn sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc+ ‘anud ‘kk+ sn ots oqdrrtqd nm ntq ‘kkhdr hm
J‘atk+ vgnrd onkhshb‘k uhrhnm hr ltbg bknrdq sn ntq nvm ‘mc
vgn g‘ud l‘cd sqdldmcntr r‘bqhbdr ax ntq rhcd ctqhmf
md‘qkx svn cdb‘cdr ne v‘q- Ats sgdrd s‘kjr g‘ud rs‘qsdc ‘mc+
‘ksgntfg rknv,lnuhmf+ bnmshmtd-
d Rstcx Fqnto&r mdv o‘sgv‘x enq od‘bd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hr
a‘rdc nm ud l‘hm qdbnlldmc‘shnmr-
Ehqrs+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr rgntkc bk]phex hsr dmc rs]sd hm
9efg]mhrs]m- d dmc rs‘sd rgntkc ad sgd enkknvhmf9
:m hmcdodmcdms’ cdlnbpYshb’ Ymc rnudpdhfm :efgYm
rsYsd vhsg sgd fnudpmYmbd’ rsYahkhsx’ Ymc rdbtphsx
enpbdr sn opdudms Yk,PYdcY’ HRIO’ Ymc nsgdp sdppnphrs
fpntor epnl YssYbjhmf sgd Tmhsdc RsYsdr Ymc hsr Yk,
khdr Ymc sn bnmsYhm nsgdp onsdmshYk bgYkkdmfdr sn T-R-
Ymc Ykkhdc rdbtphsx Ymc hmsdpdrsr’ hmbktchmf sgnrd
7 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
YrrnbhYsdc vhsg hkkhbhs mYpbnshbr Ymc lYrr lhfpYshnm
sgYs sgpdYsdm ntp Ykkhdr Ymc :efgYmhrsYm r mdhfganpr-
:m :efgYm rsYsd sgYs dwdpbhrdr rnudpdhfmsx nudp hsr
anpcdpr Ymc hmsdpmYk YYhpr Ymc fnudpmr hm sdplr sgYs
pddbs sgd onotkYp vhkk Ymc rdke,cdsdplhmYshnm ne sgd
:efgYm bhshydmpx vghkd lYmYfhmf bnmhbs odYbdetkkx
sgpntfg YbbntmsYakd bhuhkhYm hmrshstshnmr- :m :efgYm
rsYsd sgYs rtoonpsr Ymc opnsdbsr lhmnphshdr’ vnldmr
phfgsr’ sgd cdlnbpYshb bgYpYbsdp ne sgd rsYsd’ Ymc Y
epdd opdrr ats sgYs bntkc hmbktcd SYkhaYm ftpdr-
:m :efgYm rsYsd sgYs hr opnfpdrrhudkx kdrr pdkhYms nm hm,
sdpmYshnmYk YrrhrsYmbd Ymc hr mdhsgdp Y rntpbd ne pdfhnmYk
hmrsYahkhsx mnp Y knbtr ne opnwx pdfhnmYk bnlodshshnm-
: bntmspx vgdpd sgd bhshydmr ne :efgYmhrsYm’ vgn
gYud rtdpdc rn ltbg ctphmf enpsx xdYpr ne vYp’
gYud sgd opnrodbs ne xdYp,nm,xdYp hlopnudldmsr hm
sgdhp opnrodphsx’ rdbtphsx’ Ymc vdkk,adhmf-
Rdbnmc+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr rgntkc dwokhbhskx pdhmenpbd sgd
bnmchshnm]khsx ne èm]k spnno vhsgcp]v]k- @ksgntfg ‘bbdos,
hmf sgdrd s‘kjr ‘r ‘ onsdmsh‘k a‘rhr enq @efg‘mhrs‘m&r etstqd+
sgd Rstcx Fqnto hr bnmuhmbdc sg‘s sgdx vhkk mns rtbbddc ‘r
knmf ‘r sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr cdbk‘qdr hsrdke vhkkhmf sn vhsgcq‘v
hsr enqbdr qdf‘qckdrr ne gnv ltbg nq gnv khsskd oqnfqdrr hr
l‘cd ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr- @bbnqchmf sn sgd Fqnto&r
qd‘chmf ne sgd Edaqt‘qx 1/1/ ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m+
‘r vdkk ‘r ltkshokd otakhb rs‘sdldmsr ax @la‘rr‘cnq
Y‘kl‘x Jg‘khky‘c ‘mc enqldq Rdbqds‘qx ne Rs‘sd Lhbg‘dk
Onlodn+ sgd tkshl‘sd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne @ldqhb‘m sqnnor hr
bnmchshnm‘k nm S‘kha‘m ‘bshnmr- Vgdqd‘r sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
g‘r fnmd adxnmc hsr bnllhsldmsr sn vhsgcq‘v enqbdr sn
c‘sd+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud e‘kkdm rgnqs ne sgdhq bnllhsldmsr9
sgdx g‘ud e‘hkdc sn etkkk sgdhq ft‘q‘msdd sg‘s sgdx vhkk
mns 'bnnodq‘sd vhsg fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr sgqd‘sdmhmf sgd
rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr• ‘mc vhkk 'oqd,
udms sgdl eqnl qdbqthshmf+ sq‘hmhmf+ ‘mc etmcq‘hrhmf ‘mc
vhkk mns gnrs sgdl-• d kdudkr ne uhnkdmbd sgdx bnmshmtd
sn dloknx ‘f‘hmrs @efg‘m bhuhkh‘mr ‘mc rdbtqhsx odqrnmmdk
rtffdrs sg‘s sgdx g‘ud mns xds bnllhssdc sn ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc
rnktshnm- dhq drb‘k‘shnm ne uhnkdmbd hm 1/1/ b‘rsr cntas nm
vgdsgdq sgdx vhkk bnld sn ‘ vnqj‘akd onkhshb‘k bnloqnlhrd
vhsg sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms- d Rstcx Fqnto adkhdudr
sg‘s etqsgdq T-R- sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘kr rgntkc ad bnmchshnmdc
nm sgd S‘kha‘m&r cdlnmrsq‘sdc vhkkhmfmdrr ‘mc b‘o‘bhsx sn
bnms‘hm sdqqnqhrs fqntor+ nm ‘ qdctbshnm hm sgd S‘kha‘m&r
uhnkdmbd ‘f‘hmrs sgd @efg‘m odnokd+ ‘mc nm qd‘k oqnfqdrr
snv‘qc ‘ bnloqnlhrd onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms-
hqc+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr rgntkc bk]phex hsr bnllhsldms
sn sgd dwhrshmf 9efg]m rs]sd ]oo]p]str ]mc sgd 9efg]m
M]shnm]k Cdedmrd ]mc Rdbtphsx Enpbdr ’9MCRE(- Rtoonqs
rgntkc ad a‘rdc nm sgd cnmnq bnmchshnm‘khsx ‘fqddc sn ‘s sgd
1/1/ Fdmdu‘ bnmedqdmbd ‘mc nm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms&r
bnmsqhatshnm sn oqnfqdrr hm od‘bd s‘kjr vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m- Hm ‘c,
chshnm+ ‘mx etstqd onkhshb‘k nqcdq rgntkc rdbtqd sgd f‘hmr l‘cd
hm cdlnbq‘shb+ onkhshb‘k+ gtl‘m+ ‘mc vnldm&r qhfgsr+ mns ‘r ‘m
‘ssdlos sn hlonrd ntq nvm u‘ktdr nm @efg‘mhrs‘m ats adb‘trd
ankrsdqhmf ‘mc qdrodbshmf qhfgsr hr drrdmsh‘k sn rdbtqhmf ‘ k‘rs,
hmf od‘bd ‘mc qddbsr sgd vhkk ne sgd @efg‘m odnokd-
Entqsg+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr rgntkc bnmctbs ]m ]bshud cho,
knl]shb rsp]sdfx sn dmrtpd sgd rtbbdrr ne sgd od]bd s]kjr-
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nbbtohdr ‘m hmtdmsh‘k onrhshnm ‘r o‘qs
o‘qsx sn sgd s‘kjr+ o‘qs e‘bhkhs‘snq+ ‘mc ’nm nbb‘rhnm( ghccdm
ldch‘snq- Sn roddc oqnfqdrr ‘s sgd s‘kjr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
rgntkc oqnlnsd sgd ‘oonhmsldms ne ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx ldch‘snq
’hcd‘kkx ax sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr( ‘mc dmf‘fd jdx bntmsqhdr
choknl‘shb‘kkx ‘r o‘qs ne ‘mx rdkdbshnm oqnbdrr- He rs‘kdl‘sdr
odqrhrs ‘s sgd s‘kjr ‘mc ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx ldch‘snq hr qdidbsdc ax
sgd o‘qshdr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc bnmrhcdq sgd onsdmsh‘k
admdsr ‘mc bnrsr ne ‘ lnqd chqdbs T-R- ‘qahsq‘shnm qnkd-
Ehg+ sgd Rstcx Fpnto r èm]k pdbnlldmc]shnm ]mc ]
l]inp bnlonmdms ne hsr mdv ]oopn]bg hr ]m nudp]pbghmf
pdfhnm]k rsp]sdfx- @efg‘mhrs‘m khdr hm sgd lhcckd ne ‘ qdfhnm
adrds vhsg qhu‘kqhdr ‘mc knv kdudkr ne sqtrs- drd qhu‘kqhdr
g‘ud ok‘xdc nts ctqhmf ntq svdmsx,xd‘q oqdrdmbd”‘r sgdx
chc ctqhmf sgd svn cdb‘cdr ne bnmhbs oqdbdchmf ntq oqdr,
dmbd”tmcdqlhmhmf oqnfqdrr snv‘qc ‘bghduhmf rs‘ahkhsx
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Rhmbd sgd adfhmmhmf ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr+
gnvdudq+ sgd oqnrodbs ne ‘ T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k g‘r bqd‘sdc
‘ eq‘fhkd ats qd‘k qdfhnm‘k bnmrdmrtr adghmc ‘ rs‘akd ‘mc
mdtsq‘k @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr mdhsgdq ‘ g‘udm enq sdqqnqhrsr
mnq ‘ decnl ne sgd S‘kha‘m- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc
‘cnos ‘ choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx sg‘s rddjr sn bnmrnkhc‘sd sghr
bnmrdmrtr+ dmkhrs sgd bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm sn trd sgdhq
qdk‘shnmrghor vhsg @efg‘m ‘bsnqr sn oqnlnsd ‘ rtbbdrretk
mdfnsh‘shnm+ ‘kknv sgd bntmsqhdr ne sgd qdfhnm sn rg‘qd
lnqd dpths‘akx sgd atqcdmr ne rtoonqshmf ‘mc rtrs‘hmhmf
‘ od‘bdetk @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc ‘mbgnq sgd oqnbdrr vhsghm ‘m
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k ‘qbghsdbstqd dmcnqrdc ax sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr
Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk-
drd khmdr ne dnqs ‘qd hmsdmcdc sn ad hlokdldmsdc
bnmbtqqdmskx- dx ‘qd cdrhfmdc sn ‘unhc vg‘s g‘r snn
ndm g‘oodmdc hm sgd o‘rs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ vgdqd ltkshokd+
bnlodshmf fn‘kr vdqd hlokdldmsdc vhsg hmrtbhdms bnnq,
chm‘shnm- Ntq bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl rsq‘sdfx snn ndm bnkkhcdc
vhsg ntq hmrshstshnm,athkchmf rsq‘sdfx+ ‘mc ntq oqnuhrhnm
ne ‘rrhrs‘mbd ndm g‘c lhkhs‘qx q‘sgdq sg‘m gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m
naidbshudr ‘mc oqnlnsdc bnmhbs q‘sgdq sg‘m vnm ‘kkd,
fh‘mbd- d enbtr nm sgd rhmfkd naidbshud ne ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc+
rtrs‘hm‘akd+ ‘mc ‘bbdos‘akd dmc sn sgd bnmhbs oqnuhcdr ‘
bkd‘q admbgl‘qj ‘f‘hmrs vghbg ntq ldrr‘fdr+ onkhbhdr+ ‘mc
‘bshnmr b‘m ad bnnqchm‘sdc-
:ksdpmWshud OWsgvWxr
d Rstcx Fqnto bnmrhcdqdc hm cds‘hk sgqdd nsgdq+ ‘ksdqm‘,
shud onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr- d qrs v‘r sn qdl‘hm bnllhssdc sn
sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd rgntkc sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr e‘hk nq sgd ntsbnld
ad cddldc tm‘bbdos‘akd- Hm sghr o‘sgv‘x+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
vntkc bnmshmtd sn l‘hms‘hm enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc rto,
onqs sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd sgqntfg sgd v‘q+ onrrhakx hmbqd‘rhmf
‘rrhrs‘mbd+ tmshk sgd noonqstmhsx enq ld‘mhmfetk s‘kjr+ oqde,
dq‘akx vhsg ‘ rsqdmfsgdmdc @efg‘m rs‘sd+ bntkc qddldqfd-
d rdbnmc v‘r ‘ l‘m‘fdc vhsgcq‘v‘k eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m+
tmcdq vghbg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc qdlnud hsr sqnnor ats
vntkc mns ad hmchdqdms sn sgd ntsbnld hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Hs
vntkc rddj sn trd mnmlhkhs‘qx kdudq‘fd+ hmbktchmf qdfhnm‘k
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 8
 choknl‘bx+ sn rdbtqd ‘r l‘mx ne hsr rs‘sdc fn‘kr ‘r onrrhakd-
hr rbdm‘qhn ‘bbdosr ‘mc vntkc ‘bbnllnc‘sd sgd khjdkx
onrrhahkhsx ne ‘m dudmst‘k S‘kha‘m ‘rbdmc‘mbx- d sghqc
rbdm‘qhn v‘r ‘ q‘ohc sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k hqqdrodbshud ne sgd
bnmchshnmr nm sgd fqntmc ‘mc drrdmsh‘kkx hmchdqdms sn sgd
qdrtkshmf ntsbnld- Mnmd ne sgdrd rbdm‘qhnr vdqd bnmrhc,
dqdc ‘cuhr‘akd ‘s sghr onhms+ ats ‘kk vdqd b‘qdetkkx rstchdc
ax sgd Fqnto ‘mc bntkc ad ‘cnosdc hm sgd etstqd-
Anmbktrhnm
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r ‘m noonqstmhsx sn ldds hsr bnqd naidb,
shudr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc gdko bqd‘sd ‘ rs‘akd bntmsqx vhsg
dbnmnlhb onsdmsh‘k sg‘s hr ‘s od‘bd vhsg hsrdke ‘mc hsr qdfhnm+
‘mc sg‘s b‘m bnms‘hm sgqd‘sr sn sgd qdrs ne sgd vnqkc- hr
vhkk bnmshmtd sn ad ‘ knmf ‘mc chbtks oqnbdrr- Gnvdudq+
sgd hmhsh‘k+ lnrs chbtks rsdor snv‘qc ‘bghduhmf sghr nts,
bnld g‘ud ‘kqd‘cx addm s‘jdm- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qd‘bgdc
‘m ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m sg‘s+ ‘ksgntfg mns hcd‘k+
bqd‘sdr sgd entmc‘shnm enq mdfnsh‘shnmr adsvddm sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m- drd s‘kjr+ vghbg adf‘m hm
Rdosdladq 1/1/+ g‘ud g‘c chbtks lnldmsr ‘mc vhkk
qdpthqd bnmbdrrhnmr ax ansg rhcdr sn l‘hms‘hm lnldmstl-
0, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
d dwsdms ne sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx hmunkudldms hm ‘mc m‘mbh‘k
bnllhsldms sn @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r e‘kkdm cq‘l‘shb‘kkx rhmbd
sgd dmc ne lnrs bnla‘s nodq‘shnmr hm 1/03 ‘mc drodbh‘kkx
enkknvhmf sgd sqnno qdctbshnmr hm 1/1/- T-R- enqbdr ‘qd mns
hm ‘ bnla‘s qnkd ‘mc+ ‘r ne k‘sd I‘mt‘qx 1/10+ ‘qd ‘s ‘ kdudk
knvdq sg‘m hm 1//2- Enq sgd qrs shld+ sgdqd ‘qd lnqd mnm,
T-R- M@SN sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘m T-R- sqnnor- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr hm ‘ onrhshnm vgdqd ddbshud choknl‘bx+
lncdrs bnmshmthmf ‘hc kdudkr+ ‘mc rsqnmf bnnqchm‘shnm
‘bqnrr bhuhkh‘m ‘mc lhkhs‘qx khmdr ne dnqs ‘f‘hmrs ‘ bkd‘q ‘mc
tmhdc naidbshud b‘m bqd‘sd sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘ qdronmrhakd
dwhs eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s cndr mns dmc‘mfdq ntq m‘shnm‘k
rdbtqhsx- d noonqstmhshdr oqdrdmsdc ax sghr onrhshnm ltrs
ad dwg‘trsdc adenqd lnqd q‘chb‘k ‘ksdqm‘shudr ‘qd bnmrhcdqdc-
Choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfhdr ‘qd ld‘rtqdc hm cdb‘cdr+ ats ghrsnqx hr
qdbnqcdc hm dq‘r- Vg‘s hr odqbdhudc ‘r enkkx hm nmd fdmdq‘shnm
hr ndm qddu‘kt‘sdc ‘r rsq‘sdfhb enqdrhfgs hm ‘mnsgdq”‘mc
uhbd udqr‘- d Rstcx Fqnto adkhdudr sg‘s hsr qdbnlldm,
c‘shnmr b‘m ‘bghdud ‘m ntsbnld sg‘s hr admdbh‘k sn ntq
hmsdqdrsr+ sn @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sn sgd qdfhnm+ ‘mc sn fkna‘k rs‘ahkhsx
hm ‘ v‘x sg‘s gnmnqr sgd bnllhsldmsr ‘mc r‘bqhbdr sg‘s rn
l‘mx @ldqhb‘mr g‘ud l‘cd nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr-
Hmspnctbshnm
d T-R- hmsdqudmshnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r addm ‘ cdmhmf
hrrtd enq ‘ fdmdq‘shnm ne @ldqhb‘m choknl‘sr+ lhkhs‘qx
odqrnmmdk+ ‘hc oqnuhcdqr+ ‘mc onkhbxl‘jdqr- d v‘q g‘r
s‘jdm sgd khudr ne md‘qkx 1+4// T-R- rdquhbdldm ‘mc rdquhbd,
vnldm+ bnrs ‘ sqhkkhnm cnkk‘qr+ ‘mc nbbtohdc sgd ‘ssdmshnm ne
entq oqdrhcdmsh‘k ‘clhmhrsq‘shnmr- d @ldqhb‘m oqdrdmbd
hr mnv ltbg qdctbdc+ ats sgd bnmhbs bnmshmtdr- Nmfnhmf
onkhshb‘k mdfnsh‘shnmr adsvddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc
sgd S‘kha‘m l‘x gdq‘kc ‘ m‘k og‘rd ne sgd bnmhbs kd‘chmf
sn ‘ qdctbshnm ne uhnkdmbd ‘mc ‘ onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qdpthqdr ‘ mdv ‘ooqn‘bg sn l‘sbg sghr mdv
og‘rd- d bdmsq‘k naidbshud ne sg‘s ‘ooqn‘bg ltrs ad sn
‘khfm T-R- qdrntqbdr sn hmbqd‘rd sgd bg‘mbdr sg‘s sgd mdfn,
sh‘shnmr vhkk dmc sgd hlldch‘sd bnmhbs+ oqnuhcd ‘ a‘rhr enq
knmf,sdql rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc rdbtqd @ldqhb‘&r
jdx hmsdqdrsr-
d dnqs l‘cd ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc
eqhdmcr nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr g‘r gdkodc sn sq‘mrenql
@efg‘mhrs‘m enq sgd adssdq- @bghduhmf sghr ntsbnld g‘r mns
addm d‘rx- dqd hr mn qtkd annj enq qdathkchmf ‘ bntmsqx
khjd @efg‘mhrs‘m- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
‘kkhdr g‘ud l‘cd lhrs‘jdr sg‘s ‘qd vdkk cnbtldmsdc- Nm
sgd @efg‘m rhcd+ bnqqtoshnm ‘mc onkhshb‘k hmfgshmf g‘ud
bnmrhrsdmskx tmcdqlhmdc ntq bnllnm dnqsr+ ‘r g‘r tm,
gdkoetk hmsdqedqdmbd ax qdfhnm‘k ok‘xdqr hm @efg‘m cnldrshb
onkhshbr- d hm‘ahkhsx ne sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd+ dudm vhsg rhfmhe,
hb‘ms hmsdqm‘shnm‘k lhkhs‘qx rtoonqs+ sn cded‘s sgd S‘kha‘m+
vghbg qddldqfdc ‘r ‘m hmrtqfdmbx hm sgd lhc,1///r+ kdc sn
sgd T-R- otrg enq ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr-
Nm Edaqt‘qx 18+ 1/1/+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qd‘bgdc ‘m
‘fqddldms vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m nm bnmchshnmr enq ‘ etkk sqnno
vhsgcq‘v‘k- @r o‘qs ne sg‘s ‘fqddldms+ T-R- sqnnor vdqd
sn ad qdctbdc eqnl ‘ooqnwhl‘sdkx 03+/// sn 7+5// ax
lhc,Itkx 1/1/- Vghkd sgd ‘fqddldms b‘kkdc enq ‘ etkk sqnno
vhsgcq‘v‘k ax L‘x 1/10+ etqsgdq qdctbshnmr adxnmc 7+5//
vdqd hmsdmcdc sn ad bnmchshnmr,a‘rdc- d Sqtlo ‘clhm,
hrsq‘shnm qdctbdc sgd sqnno oqdrdmbd sn 3+4//”etqsgdq sg‘m
g‘c addm ‘fqddc vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m”ax sgd lhc,Itkx c‘sd+
‘mc hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10 ‘mmntmbdc sg‘s nmkx 1+4// T-R- sqnnor
qdl‘hmdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Ats sgd ‘fqddc,tonm bnmchshnmr
enq ‘ etkk vhsgcq‘v‘k g‘ud mns xds addm lds- dqd hr+
gnvdudq+ rshkk ‘ onrrhahkhsx sg‘s bnmchshnmr b‘m ad lds sg‘s
vntkc ‘kknv ‘ pdronmrhakd vhsgcq‘v‘k”sg‘s hr+ ‘ vhsgcq‘v‘k
ne lnrs T-R- lhkhs‘qx enqbdr+ kd‘uhmf adghmc @efg‘m rs‘sd
rsqtbstqdr rtoonqsdc ax ‘ T-R- choknl‘shb ‘mc ‘hc oqdrdmbd
sg‘s b‘m oqnsdbs ntq m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr- hr vhkk mns g‘o,
odm+ gnvdudq+ he T-R- sqnnor ‘qd vhsgcq‘vm vhsgnts qdf‘qc
enq sgd S‘kha‘m&r adg‘uhnq- d oqdrdmbd ne T-R- ‘mc hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k sqnnor+ ‘knmf vhsg m‘mbh‘k rtoonqs enq sgd @efg‘m
rs‘sd+ ‘qd sgd jdx onhmsr ne kdudq‘fd sn dm‘akd ‘ rtrs‘hm‘akd
onkhshb‘k bnloqnlhrd-
hr qdonqs oqdrdmsr ‘ rsq‘sdfx sn ‘bghdud ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd
ntsbnld hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sgqntfg sgd od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr mnv
tmcdqv‘x adsvddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m-
@m ‘bbdos‘akd ntsbnld enq sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr ‘ rnudqdhfm+
hmcdodmcdms+ cdlnbq‘shb @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘s od‘bd vhsg hsrdke
‘mc hsr mdhfganqr sg‘s hr mns ‘ sgqd‘s sn hmsdqm‘shnm‘k rdbtqhsx-
d qdonqs adfhmr ax cdmhmf bnqd T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc hcdmshexhmf ‘ rds ne jdx itcfldmsr sg‘s
bnmrsq‘hm nq oqnuhcd noonqstmhshdr enq T-R- onkhbx- Hm sgd
rtardptdms ‘m‘kxshb‘k rdbshnm+ hs dwo‘mcr nm sgdrd jdx
itcfldmsr ‘mc oqnuhcdr ‘ cddodq ‘m‘kxrhr ne sgd sgqd‘s
eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m: ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r hmsdqm‘k dbnmnlhb+
onkhshb‘k+ ‘mc rnbh‘k cxm‘lhbr: ne sgd S‘kha‘m&r naidbshudr:
‘mc ne sgd hmsdqdrsr ne qdfhnm‘k rs‘jdgnkcdqr- hr cds‘hkdc
rdbshnm hr mns drrdmsh‘k sn tmcdqrs‘mchmf sgd knfhb sg‘s nvr
eqnl sgd cdmhshnm ne hmsdqdrsr+ sgqntfg sgd jdx itcfldmsr+
sn sgd m‘k qdbnlldmc‘shnmr+ ats hs vhkk ad ne hmsdqdrs sn
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 00
 sgnrd vgn rddj ‘ cddodq tmcdqrs‘mchmf ne sgd T-R- kdf‘bx hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m”‘mc ne sgd qd‘rnmr vgx rnld ‘lahshnmr vdqd
‘bghdudc ats nsgdqr vdqd mns-
d qdonqs sgdm lnudr sn sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr- drd ‘qd hmsqnctbdc vhsg ‘ aqhde rdbshnm
cdrbqhahmf sgd rsq‘sdfhb knfhb adghmc sgd Fqnto&r oqnonr‘kr-
Ehud rodbhb qdbnlldmc‘shnmr ‘qd sgdm oqdrdmsdc ‘mc
dwok‘hmdc hm cds‘hk- drd ‘qd enkknvdc ax ‘ cdrbqhoshnm ne
01 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
rdudq‘k ‘ksdqm‘shud o‘sgv‘xr sg‘s vdqd bnmrhcdqdc ax sgd
Rstcx Fqnto ats tkshl‘sdkx qdidbsdc- Mnmdsgdkdrr+ sgdrd
o‘sgv‘xr bntkc rshkk oqnud qdkdu‘ms hm sgd etstqd rgntkc sgd
qdbnlldmcdc ‘ooqn‘bg e‘hk sn ‘bghdud sgd rs‘sdc naidbshud-
d v‘x enqv‘qc vhkk ad chbtks+ ats hs g‘r sgd uhqstd ne
adhmf bkd‘qdq sg‘m dudq adenqd- d Rstcx Fqnto gnodr sg‘s
sgd hmenql‘shnm ‘mc ‘m‘kxrhr hm sghr qdonqs vhkk ad ‘ gdkoetk
fthcd ‘knmf sg‘s o‘sg+ mnv ‘mc hm sgd etstqd-
Hmsdpdrsr Wmc Jdx Itcfldmsr
T-R- MWshnmWk Hmsdpdrsr Wmc :efgWmhrsWm
Nm sgd lnqmhmf ne Rdosdladq 00+ 1//0+ nudq sgd odqhnc
ne ‘ edv gntqr+ @efg‘mhrs‘m vdms eqnl adhmf nmd ne
V‘rghmfsnm&r knvdrs enqdhfm onkhbx oqhnqhshdr sn hsr ghfgdrs-
Kdrr sg‘m ‘ lnmsg k‘sdq+ T-R- odqrnmmdk vdqd cdoknxdc sn
@efg‘mhrs‘m sn gdko @efg‘mr snookd sgd S‘kha‘m qdfhld-
Adenqd sgd dmc ne Cdbdladq+ ‘ T-R-,a‘bjdc hmsdqhl
fnudqmldms v‘r hmrs‘kkdc hm J‘atk ‘mc adf‘m sgd s‘rj ne
qdathkchmf sgd bntmsqx&r hmrshstshnmr ‘mc hmeq‘rsqtbstqd- @
mdv bnmrshstshnm v‘r ‘cnosdc hm 1//3+ ‘mc sgd bntmsqxzr
qrs cdlnbq‘shb oqdrhcdmsh‘k dkdbshnmr vdqd gdkc k‘sdq sg‘s
xd‘q- d qddldqfdmbd ne sgd S‘kha‘m hm 1//5 ‘r ‘m hmrtq,
fdmbx ‘mc ‘m hmbqd‘rhmfkx enqlhc‘akd enqbd+ snfdsgdq vhsg
‘m hloqnudldms hm sgd rdbtqhsx rhst‘shnm hm Hq‘p+ kdc sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn hlokdldms ‘ lhkhs‘qx ‘mc bhuhkh‘m rtqfd hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m hm 1//8 ‘mc 1/0/- Rtardptdmskx+ V‘rghmfsnm
‘cnosdc ‘ ok‘m sn dmc bnla‘s nodq‘shnmr hm 1/03 ‘mc sn
fq‘ct‘kkx vhsgcq‘v ‘kk T-R- sqnnor ax 1/05 ’rdd ftqd 0
nm o‘fd 03 enq bg‘mfdr hm sqnno kdudkr(- @r ok‘mmdc+ T-R-
‘mc M@SN,kdc bnla‘s nodq‘shnmr k‘qfdkx dmcdc hm 1/03+
ats S‘kha‘m odqrhrsdmbd ‘mc sgd nmfnhmf cdodmcdmbd ne
@efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr nm T-R- ‘mc M@SN rtoonqs qdpthqdc
l‘hms‘hmhmf ‘ qdrhct‘k enqbd ne ‘qntmc 0/+/// T-R- sqnnor
‘mc rdudq‘k sgntr‘mc lnqd eqnl M@SN o‘qsmdqr- dx
qdl‘hmdc ‘r o‘qs ne ‘ M@SN,kdc lhkhs‘qx bn‘khshnm sn sq‘hm+
‘cuhrd+ ‘mc ‘rrhrs @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr- Rnld ‘cchshnm‘k
T-R- enqbdr ‘krn qdl‘hmdc enq bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr-
Enkknvhmf sgd rhfmhmf hm Cng‘ hm Edaqt‘qx 1/1/ ne sgd
@fqddldms enq Aqhmfhmf Od‘bd sn @efg‘mhrs‘m adsvddm
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m ’sgd 'Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+•
qdoqnctbdc hm ‘mmdw 5(+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qdctbdc hsr sqnno
oqdrdmbd sn ‘qntmc 3+4// vghkd mdfnsh‘shnmr”jmnvm ‘r sgd
'@efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr•”adf‘m adsvddm sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m- hr qdctbshnm v‘r fqd‘sdq
sg‘m qdpthqdc ax sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms- Etqsgdq qdctbshnmr
vdqd r‘hc sn ad bnmchshnmdc nm oqnfqdrr nm sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd
Mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc oqnuhrhnm ne bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ft‘q‘msddr-
Mnmdsgdkdrr+ sgd Sqtlo ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm bnmshmtdc sn rhfmh,
b‘mskx qdctbd sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Nm
I‘mt‘qx 04+ 1/10+ sgd Odms‘fnm ‘mmntmbdc sg‘s T-R- sqnno
kdudkr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘c addm qdctbdc sn 1+4//+ ats sg‘s
etstqd qdctbshnmr vntkc ad bnmchshnmr,a‘rdc-0
d Rstcx Fqnto&r cdkhadq‘shnmr snnj ok‘bd vghkd sgdrd
cdbhrhnmr vdqd adhmf l‘cd ‘mc hlokdldmsdc- @lnmf sgd
qrs s‘rjr ne sgd Rstcx Fqnto v‘r sn hcdmshex sgd bnqd T-R-
hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d otakhb cda‘sd ‘ants sgd
T-R- oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hr ndm rhlokhdc hmsn ‘ cd,
a‘sd ‘ants sqnno mtladqr q‘sgdq sg‘m ‘ants sgd m‘shnm‘k
naidbshudr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr rddjhmf sn ‘bghdud+ enq vghbg
sgd lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hr nmd ne rdudq‘k snnkr-
d bghde T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m snc‘x ‘qd sgd
enkknvhmf9
– Opdudms Yk,PYdcY Ymc nsgdp sdppnphrs fpntor epnl YssYbjhmf
sgd Tmhsdc RsYsdr np ntp Ykkhdr- Nm sgd a‘rhr ne dwodqs fthc,
‘mbd oqnuhcdc sn sgd Rstcx Fqnto+ ‘r vdkk ‘r hsr ldladqr&
nvm ‘m‘kxrdr+ sgd Fqnto bnmbktcdr sg‘s sgd sgqd‘s ne ‘
chqdbs ‘ss‘bj ‘f‘hmrs sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nq hsr hmsdqdrsr nq
‘kkhdr eqnl dwsqdlhrs fqntor”oqhl‘qhkx+ ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc
HRJO”knb‘sdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hr enp mnv khlhsdc ax sgd
lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr+ vghbg
‘kknvr sgd sgqd‘s sn ad lnmhsnqdc ‘mc+ vgdm mdbdrr‘qx+
chrqtosdc+ vghkd ‘krn dm‘akhmf @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr sn
bnmshmtd sn ots oqdrrtqd nm sgdrd fqntor-
– Opdudms sdppnphrs Ymc nsgdp dwspdlhrs fpntor epnl
nasYhmhmf mtbkdYp vdYonmr np lYsdphYkr- Mtldqntr
rl‘kkdq fqntor knb‘sdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ats enbtrdc nm
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 02
 EHFTPC 0,

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Rntpbdr- Fq_og ne sqnno kdudkr qdcq_vm eqnl R_l Fnkkna _mc Lhbg_dk D- N%G_mknm) |;efg_mhrs_m Hmcdw9 Sq_bjhmf U_qh_akdr ne Qdbnmrsqtbshnm
_mc Rdbtqhsx hm Onrs,8.00 ;efg_mhrs_m)• Enqdhfm Onkhbx _s Aqnnjhmfr ’Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm) ;tftrs 1/1/() 5- A_q bg_qs rgnvr etmchmf enq sgd v_q hm
;efg_mhrs_m _r o_qs ne nudqrd_r bnmshmfdmbx nodq_shnmr enq sgd T-R- Cdo_qsldms ne Cdedmrd) a_rdc nm _ s_akd hm Jhladqkx ;l_cdn) |;efg_mhrs_m
V_q Bnrs) Shldkhmd) _mc Dbnmnlhb Hlo_bs)• Sgc AUjUmad) Nbsnadq 1/) 1/1/) vvv-sgda_k_mbd-bnl.bnrs,ne,_efg_mhrs_m,v_q,shldkhmd,dbnmnlhb
,hlo_bs,3011382: lnrs “ftqdr cq_vm eqnl ;lx Adk_rbn) |Sgd Bnrs ne Hq_p) ;efg_mhrs_m) _mc Nsgdq Fkna_k V_q nm Sdqqnq Nodq_shnmr rhmbd 8.00)•
Bnmfqdrrhnm_k Qdrd_qbg Rdquhbd) Cdbdladq 7) 1/03) gssor9..e_r-nqf.rfo.bqr.m_srdb.QK2200/-oce: sgd “ftqd enq 1/08 hr _m drshl_sd-

sgd Hmch‘,O‘jhrs‘m qhu‘kqx ‘krn onrd ‘ sgqd‘s+ drodbh‘kkx sn
qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx- Bnmbdqmr qdl‘hm ‘ants sgd onrrhahkhsx
ne mtbkd‘q vd‘onmr e‘kkhmf hmsn sgd g‘mcr ne ‘ sdqqnqhrs
nqf‘mhy‘shnm- Hs hr chbtks sn ‘rrdrr sgd oqna‘ahkhsx ne
sghr g‘oodmhmf+ ats sgd bnmrdptdmbdr vntkc ad cd‘ckx-
d onrrhahkhsx ne ‘ sdqqnqhrs mtbkd‘q ‘ss‘bj nm sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr bntkc mns ad dmshqdkx qtkdc nts-
– LYhmsYhm pdfhnmYk rsYahkhsx- d l‘hmsdm‘mbd ne qd,
fhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx hr ‘ bnqd T-R- hmsdqdrs- d onrrhahkhsx
ne v‘q adsvddm mtbkd‘q,‘qldc rs‘sdr qdoqdrdmsr sgd
fqd‘sdrs bnmbdqm hm sgd qdfhnm- qdd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
rhw hlldch‘sd mdhfganqr ’Bghm‘+ O‘jhrs‘m+ ‘mc Hq‘m(
‘qd ‘bst‘k nq onsdmsh‘k mtbkd‘q onvdqr- Svn nsgdq qd,
fhnm‘k onvdqr+ Qtrrh‘ ‘mc Hmch‘+ ‘krn onrrdrr mtbkd‘q
vd‘onmr- @m tmrs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m bntkc bnmsqhatsd sn
sgd cdrs‘ahkhy‘shnm ne sgd qdfhnm-
– Fdko rtrsYhm Ym :efgYm rsYsd Yakd sn bnmsYhm np bnmspnk
dwspdlhrl’ hkkhbhs mYpbnshbr’ lYrr lhfpYshnm’ Ymc nsgdp
onsdmshYk sgpdYsr- @m tmrs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m hmbqd‘rdr
sgd khjdkhgnnc ne @efg‘mhrs‘m qdudqshmf sn ‘ r‘ed g‘udm
enq sdqqnqhrsr m‘mbdc ax sq‘mrm‘shnm‘k bqhlhm‘khsx+
drodbh‘kkx hkkdf‘k m‘qbnshbr- Hs hmbqd‘rdr sgd bg‘mbdr
ne qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx ro‘qjhmf k‘qfdq bnmhbsr- @mc
hs bntkc oqnunjd ‘ mdv qdetfdd bqhrhr sg‘s bntkc

03 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

 cdrs‘ahkhyd @efg‘mhrs‘m&r mdhfganqr+ ‘ffq‘u‘sd sgd
btqqdms lhfq‘shnm bqhrhr nm Dtqnod&r anqcdqr+ ‘mc tm,
cdqlhmd T-R- oqdrshfd ‘mc bqdchahkhsx ‘bqnrr sgd fknad-
– Opdrdpud sgd gYpc,vnm fYhmr ne sgd oYrs svn cdbYcdr hm gdYksg’
dctbYshnm’ Ymc onkhshbYk Ymc gtlYm phfgsr’ oYpshbtkYpkx Yr
pdkYsdc sn sgd pnkd ne vnldm Ymc sgd opnsdbshnm ne lhmnphshdr-
Knmf,sdql rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m b‘m adrs ad ‘bghdudc
‘mc l‘hms‘hmdc ax ‘m hmbktrhud @efg‘m fnudqmldms sg‘s
hr qdronmrhud sn sgd mddcr ne ‘kk hsr chudqrd bnlltmhshdr
‘mc qdrodbsr sgd qhfgsr ne ‘kk hsr bhshydmr+ hmbktchmf vnldm-
Rs‘ahkhsx ‘krn cdodmcr nm sgd ‘ahkhsx sn dwdqbhrd onkhshb‘k
qhfgsr ne o‘qshbho‘shnm ‘mc dwoqdrrhnm+ sgd dwhrsdmbd ne ‘
bqdchakd ‘mc itrs qtkd ne k‘v eq‘ldvnqj+ ‘mc ‘ etmbshnmhmf
dbnmnlx vgnrd admdsr ‘qd e‘hqkx chrsqhatsdc-
– LYhmsYhm T-R- hmtdmbd- L‘hms‘hmhmf sgd bqdchahkhsx ne
T-R- enqdhfm onkhbx ‘mc oqdrdquhmf sgd hmsdfqhsx ne ntq
‘kkh‘mbdr ‘qd @ldqhb‘m m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr sg‘s sq‘mrbdmc
‘mx bntmsqx nq qdfhnm- d ntsbnld ne sgd T-R- ‘mc
M@SN lhrrhnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk hlo‘bs sgd vhkk,
hmfmdrr ne ‘kkhdr sn rtoonqs ntq dmcd‘unqr hm sgd etstqd-
Gnv sgd lhrrhnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m dmcr vhkk hlo‘bs T-R-
fkna‘k kd‘cdqrgho ‘mc hmtdmbd- Qds‘hmhmf sgd bnm,
cdmbd ne ‘kkhdr hr ‘kv‘xr uhs‘k sn m‘shnm‘k rdbtqhsx+ ‘r hr
fhuhmf ‘cudqr‘qhdr mn qd‘rnm sn rtrodbs sg‘s @ldqhb‘
lhfgs ad vd‘j nq hqqdrnktsd- drd ‘qd mns qd‘rnmr sn rs‘x
hmcdmhsdkx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ats sgdx ‘qd hlonqs‘ms bnm,
rhcdq‘shnmr sn fthcd sgd bnmchshnmr ne ntq vhsgcq‘v‘k-
Jdx Itcfldmsr
Hm khfgs ne sgdrd bnmshmthmf hmsdqdrsr+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto sgdm
b‘ld sn ‘ rdqhdr ne itcfldmsr nm ‘ q‘mfd ne snohbr sg‘s hs
bnmrhcdqdc sn ad drrdmsh‘k sn tmcdqrs‘mchmf sgd btqqdms
rhst‘shnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- drd itcfldmsr hcdmshex bnm,
chshnmr ‘mc cxm‘lhbr sg‘s dhsgdq bnmrsq‘hm onkhbx noshnmr
nq ndq rodbhb noonqstmhshdr- dx ‘qd mns hmsdmcdc sn
ad bnloqdgdmrhud”‘ lnqd cds‘hkdc ‘mc bnloqdgdmrhud
‘m‘kxshb‘k rdbshnm enkknvr”ats g‘ud addm rdkdbsdc enq sgdhq
qdkdu‘mbd sn T-R- onkhbx noshnmr ‘s sghr onhms hm shld-
Rdbtphsx
d btqqdms sgqd‘s sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr eqnl sdqqnqhrs fqntor
a‘rdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hr chlhmhrgdc adbYtrd ne sgd dnqsr
ne sgd T-R-,sq‘hmdc ‘mc T-R-,rtoonqsdc @MCRE ‘mc sgd
bnmshmtdc oqdrrtqd oqnuhcdc ax sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd-
Ctqhmf hsr cdkhadq‘shnmr+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto v‘r ‘cuhrdc sg‘s ‘
bnlokdsd T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k vhsgnts ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms vntkc
‘kknv sgdrd fqntor sn fq‘ct‘kkx qdathkc sgdhq b‘o‘ahkhshdr hm
sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m,O‘jhrs‘m qdfhnm rtbg sg‘s sgdx lhfgs ad
‘akd sn ‘ss‘bj sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc vhsghm dhfgsddm sn sghqsx,rhw
lnmsgr- d Fqnto+ qdkxhmf nm hsr nvm bnkkdbshud itcfldmsr+
‘fqddc vhsg sghr ‘rrdrrldms- Hs ‘krn ‘fqddc sg‘s ntsrhcd ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgdqd ‘qd mn oq‘bshb‘k ‘ksdqm‘shud knb‘shnmr hm
sgd qdfhnm eqnl vghbg sn bnmctbs ddbshud T-R- bntmsdqsdq,
qnqhrl nodq‘shnmr ‘f‘hmrs sgqd‘sr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d S‘kha‘m ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘qd chrshmbs ats mns vgnkkx chr,
bqdsd nqf‘mhy‘shnmr+ khmjdc ax knmf,rs‘mchmf ‘kkh‘mbdr ‘mc
rnkhc‘qhsx qdk‘shnmrghor- d S‘kha‘m g‘ud bnllhssdc sn
mns bnnodq‘sd vhsg ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc nsgdq fqntor sgqd‘sdmhmf
sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr+ sn mns gnrs
sgdl+ ‘mc sn oqdudms sgdl eqnl qdbqthshmf+ sq‘hmhmf+ ‘mc
etmcq‘hrhmf+ ats g‘r mns xds cdlnmrsq‘sdc sg‘s hs hr ‘akd nq
dudm vhkkhmf sn cn rn- d S‘kha‘m uhdv HRJO ‘r ‘m dmdlx
‘mc g‘ud ‘bshudkx entfgs ‘f‘hmrs hs+ ats vntkc ad bg‘kkdmfdc
sn bnms‘hm hs vhsgnts ‘cchshnm‘k rtoonqs-
d @MCRE”drodbh‘kkx sgd @hq Enqbd ‘mc sgd @efg‘m
Rodbh‘k Rdbtqhsx Enqbdr ’@RRE(”hr ‘klnrs dmshqdkx cdodmcdms
nm T-R- etmchmf- T-R- rtoonqs hr ‘krn drrdmsh‘k enq knfhrshbr+
sq‘hmhmf+ ‘mc rsq‘sdfhb ‘cuhbd- Etqsgdqlnqd+ sgd ddbshudmdrr
ne sgd b‘o‘akd @RRE ‘mc sgdhq bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr
cdodmcr nm l‘hms‘hmhmf ‘ bknrd nodq‘shnm‘k+ ‘hq rtoonqs+
‘mc hmsdkkhfdmbd o‘qsmdqrgho adsvddm sgd @RRE ‘mc sgdhq
T-R- bntmsdqo‘qsr- drd cdodmcdmbhdr vhkk dmctqd enq ‘ knmf
shld- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr oqnuhcdr ‘ooqnwhl‘sdkx 3-7 ahkkhnm
odq xd‘q sn ldds @efg‘mhrs‘m&r rdbtqhsx qdpthqdldmsr+ ‘mc
sghr rtoonqs b‘mmns ad oqnuhcdc vhsgnts ‘ lhkhs‘qx nudqrhfgs
oqdrdmbd+ dudm he sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vdqd sn g‘ud mn bnla‘s
qnkd- M@SN ‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr ‘krn cdodmc nm T-R- dm‘akhmf
b‘o‘ahkhshdr sn l‘hms‘hm sgdhq lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 04
 @ oqdbhohsntr T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k hr khjdkx sn dw‘bdqa‘sd sgd
bnmhbs+ oqnunjhmf ‘ vhcdq bhuhk v‘q- Dwodqs bnmrtks‘shnmr
hmchb‘sdc sg‘s ‘qntmc 3+4// sqnnor ‘qd qdpthqdc sn rdbtqd T-R-
hmsdqdrsr tmcdq btqqdms bnmchshnmr ‘mc ‘s ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd kdudk ne
qhrj- hr mtladq ‘kknvr enq sq‘hmhmf+ ‘cuhrhmf+ ‘mc ‘rrhrshmf
@efg‘m cdedmrd enqbdr: rtoonqshmf ‘kkhdc enqbdr: bnmctbshmf
bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr: ‘mc rdbtqhmf ntq dla‘rrx”‘kk
ne vghbg ‘qd bqhshb‘k sn ntq hmsdqdrsr- A‘rdc nm sghr hmots+ sgdqd
hr hmbqd‘rdc qhrj sn sgd lhrrhnm ‘mc sgd enqbd ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg
sgd btqqdms bnmqldc kdudk ne 1+4// sqnnor- Hm bnmitmbshnm
vhsg hsr hmhsh‘k qduhdv ne sgd rhst‘shnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd
Ahcdm ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm vhkk mddc sn cdsdqlhmd ‘ooqnoqh‘sd
sqnno kdudkr a‘rdc nm hsr oqhnqhshdr ‘mc qhrj l‘m‘fdldms-
Hm 1/1/+ enq sgd qrs shld+ sgdqd vdqd lnqd mnm,T-R- M@SN
‘mc ‘kkhdc sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘m T-R- enqbdr- drd 1
‘kkhdr ok‘x ‘m hlonqs‘ms etmbshnm ats qdkx nm sgd knfhrshb
‘mc rdbtqhsx ok‘senql oqnuhcdc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- He
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rs‘xr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ snn+ vhkk
rs‘x- d k‘bj ne bnmrtks‘shnm ‘mc sq‘mro‘qdmbx qdf‘qchmf
sgd T-R- onrhshnm+ gnvdudq+ g‘r tmcdqlhmdc sgd bngdqdmbd
‘mc bnmcdmbd ne sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k dnqs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
M@SN o‘qsmdqr+ vgnrd sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m cdodmc nm
ntq oqdrdmbd+ g‘ud addm o‘qshbtk‘qkx ‘dbsdc ax sghr k‘bj
ne bnmrtks‘shnm- @ vhsgcq‘v‘k sg‘s cndr mns hmunkud bknrd
bnmrtks‘shnm vhsg ‘kkhdr vhkk l‘jd hs tmkhjdkx sg‘s M@SN
‘bsr ntsrhcd ne sgd Dtqnod‘m sgd‘sdq ‘f‘hm-
RsWahkhsx ne sgd RsWsd
@efg‘mhrs‘m hr ‘ sdwsannj dw‘lokd ne ‘ 'eq‘fhkd rs‘sd• fhudm
hsr aqnjdm rnbh‘k bnmsq‘bs+ vd‘j hmrshstshnmr+ ‘mc sgd chr,
otsdc kdfhshl‘bx ne hsr fnudqmldms ’rdd sgd anw 'Eq‘fhkhsx+
Dwsqdlhrl+ ‘mc Oqdudmshnm•(- d rs‘sd hr cdodmcdms enq hsr
rtquhu‘k nm cnmnq etmchmf- d @efg‘m rs‘sd vhkk qdl‘hm
tm‘akd sn q‘hrd rtbhdms qdudmtdr sn rtrs‘hm hsrdke enq l‘mx
xd‘qr sn bnld+ drodbh‘kkx he sgd bnmhbs bnmshmtdr-

EqYfhihsx’ Dwsqdlhrl’ Ymc Oqdudmshnm

Sgd 1/05 Eq_fhkhsx Rstcx Fqnto cdrbqhadc eq_fhkd rs_sdr _r bg_q_bsdqhydc ax |sgd _ardmbd nq aqd_jcnvm ne
_ rnbh_k bnmsq_bs adsvddm odnokd _mc sgdhq fnudqmldms- Eq_fhkd rs_sdr rtdq eqnl cd“bhsr ne hmrshstshnm_k
b_o_bhsx _mc onkhshb_k kdfhshl_bx sg_s hmbqd_rd sgd qhrj ne hmrs_ahkhsx _mc uhnkdms bnmfihbs _mc r_o sgd rs_sd ne
hsr qdrhkhdmbd sn chrqtoshud rgnbjr-•_

Oqhnq sn Rdosdladq 00) 1//0) T-R- onkhbx qdbnfmhydc sg_s _ksgntfg vd_j rs_sdr bntkc bqd_sd hmrdbtqhsx
hm sgdhq qdfhnmr) sgdx vdqd khjdkx sn _dbs nmkx qdlnsd T-R- hmsdqdrsr- Ats _r sgd 1//1 M_shnm_k Rdbtqhsx
Rsq_sdfx ots hs) |Sgd dudmsr ne Rdosdladq 00) 1//0) s_tfgs tr sg_s vd_j rs_sdr khjd ;efg_mhrs_m b_m onrd _r
fqd_s _ c_mfdq sn m_shnm_k rdbtqhsx _r rsqnmf rs_sdr-•a Sghr qd_khy_shnm etdkdc _ rdmrd ne tqfdmbx sn tmcdq,
rs_mc) _ccqdrr) _mc oqdudms eq_fhkhsx- ;knmf sgdrd khmdr) sgd 8.00 Bnllhrrhnm hm hsr 1//3 qdonqs b_kkdc enq |_
oqdudmshnm rsq_sdfx sg_s hr _r ltbg) nq lnqd) onkhshb_k sg_m lhkhs_qx-•b Oqdudmshnm v_r _krn sgd enbtr ne sgd
qdbnlldmc_shnmr ne sgd 1/05 Eq_fhkhsx Rstcx Fqnto qdonqs _mc sgd 1/08 S_rj Enqbd nm Dwsqdlhrl hm Eq_fhkd
Rs_sdr qdonqs) vghbg etqsgdq dwoknqdc sgd khmjr adsvddm dwsqdlhrl _mc eq_fhkhsx _mc onhmsdc sn sgd ghfg
bnrsr ne hfmnqhmf oqdudmshnm- Hm 1/08) Bnmfqdrr _cnosdc sgd Fkna_k Eq_fhkhsx ;bs ’FE;() dmrgqhmhmf hmsn k_v
sgd oqhmbhokdr ne sgdrd oqduhntr dnqsr _mc cdbk_qhmf sg_s hs |hr sgd onkhbx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr sn rddj sn rs_,
ahkhyd bnmfihbs,_dbsdc _qd_r _mc oqdudms uhnkdmbd _mc eq_fhkhsx fkna_kkx-• Sgd FE; chqdbsdc qdkdu_ms edcdq_k
_fdmbhdr sn drs_akhrg _ sdm,xd_q Fkna_k Eq_fhkhsx Rsq_sdfx-

05 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

DP F H E H S U) C V S P C L H R L ) IA OPCMCISHNI [BNISHITCA]

Hm Cdbdladq 1/1/) sgd Rs_sd Cdo_qsldms qdkd_rdc sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rsq_sdfx sn Oqdudms Bnmfihbs _mc Oqn,
lnsd Rs_ahkhsx) vghbg |rddjr sn aqd_j sgd bnrskx bxbkd ne eq_fhkhsx _mc oqnlnsd od_bdetk) rdke,qdkh_ms m_shnmr
sg_s adbnld T-R- dbnmnlhb _mc rdbtqhsx o_qsmdqr-•c Sgd rsq_sdfx cd“mdr entq fthchmf fn_kr9

z Opdudmshnm- Sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr vhkk drs_akhrg _mc rtoonqs b_o_ahkhshdr sn dmf_fd hm od_bdathkchmf _mc
_mshbho_sd _mc oqdudms uhnkdms bnmfihbs adenqd hs dqtosr-

z RsXahihyXshnm- Sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr vhkk rtoonqs hmbktrhud onkhshb_k oqnbdrrdr sn qdrnkud nmfnhmf uhnkdms
bnmfihbsr) dlog_rhyhmf ld_mhmfetk o_qshbho_shnm ne xntsg) vnldm) _mc ldladqr ne e_hsg,a_rdc bnllt,
mhshdr _mc l_qfhm_khydc fqntor) qdrodbs enq gtl_m qhfgsr) _mc dmuhqnmldms_k rtrs_hm_ahkhsx-

z OXpsmdprghor- Sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr vhkk oqnlnsd atqcdm,rg_qhmf _mc dmbntq_fd _mc vnqj vhsg o_qsmdqr sn
bqd_sd bnmchshnmr enq knmf,sdql qdfhnm_k rs_ahkhsx _mc enrsdq oqhu_sd rdbsnqflkdc fqnvsg-

z LXmXfdldms- Sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr vhkk l_whlhyd T-R- s_wo_xdq cnkk_qr _mc qd_khyd lnqd ddbshud nts,
bnldr sgqntfg adssdq oqhnqhshy_shnm) hmsdfq_shnm) _mc enbtr nm d—bhdmbx _bqnrr sgd T-R- fnudqmldms
_mc vhsg o_qsmdqr-

;s sgd bnqd ne _ eq_fhkhsx rsq_sdfx hr sgd oqdudmshnm ne uhnkdms bnmfihbs _mc dwsqdlhrl- ;ksgntfg hs lhfgs rddl
ncc sn rod_j ne oqdudmshnm hm sgd bnmsdws ne _ bnmfihbs sg_s g_r dmctqdc _r knmf _r ;efg_mhrs_m%r) sgd etstqd
ne od_bd _mc rs_ahkhsx sgdqd vhkk cdodmc nm aqd_jhmf sgd |dmckdrr bxbkd ne bqhrhr qdronmrd• sg_s g_r bg_q_b,
sdqhydc ltbg ne T-R- onkhbx hm eq_fhkd rs_sdr-d Sgd “mchmfr ne sgdrd oqduhntr eq_fhkhsx rstchdr tmcdqkhmd bqtbh_k
kdrrnmr kd_qmdc _ants sgd hlonqs_mbd ne o_qshbho_shnm) itrshbd) rdbtqhsx) kdfhshl_sd hmrshstshnmr) _mc dbnmnlhb
dlonvdqldms- He sgdrd kdrrnmr b_m ad _ookhdc sn sgd nmfnhmf ;efg_m Od_bd Mdfnsh_shnmr _mc sgd hlokd,
ldms_shnm ne _m dudmst_k _fqddldms) sgdm sgd oqnrodbsr enq _ rtrs_hm_akd od_bd hm ;efg_mhrs_m vhkk ad
rhfmh“b_mskx hloqnudc-

Insdr
_- Eq_fhkhsx Rstcx Fqnto) |T-R- Kd_cdqrgho _mc sgd Bg_kkdmfd ne Rs_sd Eq_fhkhsx)• Rdosdladq 1/05) 4) vvv-trho-nqf.rhsdr.cde_tks.“kdr.TR
,Kd_cdqrgho,_mc,sgd,Bg_kkdmfd,ne,Rs_sd,Eq_fhkhsx-oce-
a- Sgd Vghsd Gntrd) |Sgd M_shnm_k Rdbtqhsx Rsq_sdfx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr ne ;ldqhb_)• Rdosdladq 1//1) gssor9..ghrsnqx-cdedmrd-fnu
.Onqs_kr.6/.Cnbtldmsr.mrr.mrr1//1-oce-
b- M_shnm_k Bnllhrrhnm nm Sdqqnqhrs ;ss_bjr Tonm sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr) Sgc 1.// Bnllhrrhnm Lconps ’V_rghmfsnm) CB9 ;tftrs 1//3() 253)
gssor9..fnuhmen-khaq_qx-tms-dct.800.qdonqs.800Qdonqs-oce-
c- T-R- Cdo_qsldms ne Rs_sd) |Tmhsdc Rs_sdr Rsq_sdfx sn Oqdudms Bnmfihbs _mc Oqnlnsd Rs_ahkhsx)• 0) vvv-rs_sd-fnu.vo,bnmsdms.tokn_cr
.1/1/.01.tr,rsq_sdfx,sn,oqdudms,bnmfihbs,_mc,oqnlnsd,rs_ahkhsx-oce-
d- S_rj Enqbd nm Dwsqdlhrl hm Eq_fhkd Rs_sdr) |Oqdudmshmf Dwsqdlhrl hm Eq_fhkd Rs_sdr9 ; Mdv ;ooqn_bg)• 8) vvv-trho-nqf.rhsdr.cde_tks
.“kdr.1/08,/1.oqdudmshmf,dwsqdlhrl,hm,eq_fhkd,rs_sdr,_,mdv,_ooqn_bg-oce-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 06

 Bnqqtoshnm+ oqdc‘snqx fnudqm‘mbd+ v‘qknqchrl+ ‘mc sgd dw,
sqdldkx tmdudm ‘ahkhsx ne sgd fnudqmldms sn oqnuhcd ddbshud
itrshbd rdquhbdr ‘mc qdrnkud chrotsdr g‘ud cdkdfhshlhydc sgd
dwhrshmf fnudqmldms ‘mc bqd‘sdc fqhdu‘mbdr sg‘s ‘qd dwoknhs,
dc ax sgd S‘kha‘m sn f‘hm rtoonqs ‘mc+ ‘s shldr+ kdfhshl‘bx-
Cdrohsd cnmnq cdodmcdmbx ‘mc bqhookhmf bnqqtoshnm+
@efg‘mr ‘mc sgdhq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k o‘qsmdqr g‘ud athks jdx fnu,
dqmhmf hmrshstshnmr sg‘s bntkc enql sgd a‘rhr ne ‘ lhmhl‘kkx
ddbshud rs‘sd he hs chc mns g‘ud sn bnmsdmc vhsg ‘ uhnkdms
hmrtqfdmbx- drd hmbktcd otakhb m‘mbh‘k l‘m‘fdldms
rsqtbstqdr+ sgd gd‘ksg ‘mc dctb‘shnm lhmhrsqhdr+ ‘mc o‘qsr ne
sgd rdbtqhsx rdbsnq- @efg‘mr g‘ud bnmrhrsdmskx cdlnmrsq‘s,
dc sgdhq cdrhqd enq onkhshb‘k o‘qshbho‘shnm sgqntfg dkdbshnmr
sg‘s+ vghkd ‘vdc+ g‘ud fdmdq‘kkx rddm ghfg unsdq stqmnts
’sgd oqdrhcdmsh‘k dkdbshnm hm 1/08 adhmf ‘m dwbdoshnm(-
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r addm ‘ l‘inq oqnuhcdq ne cdudkno,
ldms‘k ‘mc gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m ‘rrhrs‘mbd ‘mc g‘r rtoonqsdc sgd
bntmsqx&r hmcdodmcdms bhuhk rnbhdsx+ vghbg g‘r cdudknodc
hmsn ‘ uhs‘k ‘cunb‘sd enq qhfgsr ‘r vdkk ‘r ‘m hmbqd‘rhmfkx
ddbshud fnudqmldms ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx ldbg‘mhrl-
PdfhnmWk Anmsdws
Qdfhnm‘k ‘mc aqn‘cdq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k choknl‘shb dnqsr ‘qd
mdbdrr‘qx sn bqd‘sd ‘mc l‘hms‘hm sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘c,
cqdrrhmf T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd qdfhnm-
d naidbshudr ne rtbg dnqsr rgntkc ad sn jddo T-R- ‘kkhdr
‘mc o‘qsmdqr dmf‘fdc: sn dmbntq‘fd qdfhnm‘k rs‘jdgnkcdqr
sn ok‘x ‘ bnmrsqtbshud qnkd hm oqnlnshmf sgd rtbbdrr ne sgd
@efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr: ‘mc sn k‘x sgd entmc‘shnm enq
sgd knmf,sdql hmsdfq‘shnm ne @efg‘mhrs‘m hmsn sgd qdfhnm
mns nmkx rnbh‘kkx+ dbnmnlhb‘kkx+ ‘mc onkhshb‘kkx ats ‘krn+
dudmst‘kkx+ vhsghm ‘ bnnodq‘shud rdbtqhsx ‘qbghsdbstqd-
Lnrs bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm ‘qd tmhsdc ax sgd hlodq‘shud
sn fgs HRJO ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘- dx ‘qd noonrdc sn ‘ bnlokdsd
s‘jdnudq ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ax sgd S‘kha‘m: cn mns v‘ms sn rdd
sgd drs‘akhrgldms ne ‘ S‘kha‘m,cdmdc 'dlhq‘sd+• dudm hm sgd
07 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
bnmsdws ne ‘ onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms: ‘mc ‘qd bnmbdqmdc ‘ants
onrrhakd rs‘sd bnkk‘ord- Cdrohsd ‘m dmbntq‘fhmf qdfhnm‘k
bnmudqfdmbd hm rtoonqs ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr+ gnvdudq+
knmf,rs‘mchmf chdqdmbdr adsvddm bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm
rgntkc mns ad tmcdqdrshl‘sdc-
Sgd :efgWm OdWbd MdfnshWshnmr
d @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr vhkk khjdkx ad ‘ cq‘vm,nts
oqnbdrr ‘kv‘xr ‘s qhrj ne aqd‘jhmf cnvm- Vghkd sgd mdfn,
sh‘shnmr ‘qd tmcdqv‘x+ sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx ltrs
bnmshmtd sn rtoonqs @efg‘m rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr- hr rtoonqs+
gnvdudq+ rgntkc mns ad bnmrhcdqdc ‘ ak‘mj bgdbj-
Uhnkdmbd kdudkr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘qd tm‘bbdos‘akx ghfg+ tm,
cdqlhmhmf bnmcdmbd hm sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr- Uhnkdmbd
mddcr sn ad qdctbdc sn bqd‘sd noshl‘k bnmchshnmr enq sgd
mdfnsh‘shnmr sn rtbbddc- Nmd ne sgd entq hmsdqkhmjdc bnl,
onmdmsr ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms hr ‘ S‘kha‘m bnllhsldms
sn ‘ bd‘rdqd- d S‘kha‘m bnmsdmc sg‘s sgd ‘fqddldms cndr
mns rodbhex vgdm ‘ bd‘rdqd rgntkc s‘jd ok‘bd ‘mc sg‘s
sgdx vhkk mns bnllhs sn nmd tmshk ‘dq ‘ onkhshb‘k ‘fqdd,
ldms hr qd‘bgdc- Mnmdsgdkdrr+ sgd nmfnhmf uhnkdmbd kdudkr
tmcdqlhmd bnmcdmbd hm sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc vhkk l‘jd ‘m
dudmst‘k qdbnmbhkh‘shnm dnqs dudm lnqd chbtks-
d qrs sgqdd lnmsgr ne sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ vghbg adf‘m
hm Rdosdladq 1/1/+ vdqd rodms ‘fqddhmf nm qtkdr ‘mc oqn,
bdctqdr sn fnudqm sgd qdrs ne sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr- d o‘qshdr
sgdm hrrtdc rsqhjhmfkx chdqdms ‘fdmc‘r enq qdbnmudmhmf sgd
s‘kjr- Gnvdudq sgdrd ‘fdmc‘r ‘qd qdbnmbhkdc+ sgd o‘qshdr
qdl‘hm e‘q ‘o‘qs nm sgd m‘stqd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r etstqd onkhs,
hb‘k nqcdq- Enq sgd lnldms+ ansg rhcdr g‘ud qdidbsdc ntsrhcd
ldch‘shnm+ xds rnld enql ne sghqc,o‘qsx ldch‘shnm lhfgs
ad qdpthqdc sn gdko sgdl aqhcfd sgd dwhrshmf cddo chuhcdr-
Hs hr sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r adkhde sg‘s he s‘kjr cn rtbbddc+ ‘
khlhsdc T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd vhsg bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl b‘,
o‘ahkhshdr rgntkc ad mdfnsh‘sdc vhsg vg‘sdudq fnudqmldms
dldqfdr eqnl ‘ od‘bd rdsskdldms”hmbktchmf ‘ fnudqm,
ldms sg‘s hmbktcdr sgd S‘kha‘m hm rnld b‘o‘bhsx-
:mWkxshbWk :rrdrrldmsr
hr rdbshnm+ vghbg gdkodc rg‘od sghr qdonqs&r 'Hmsdqdrsr ‘mc
Jdx Itcfldmsr• ‘mc 'Qdbnlldmc‘shnmr• rdbshnmr+ qdo,
qdrdmsr ‘ fdmdq‘k dwodqs bnmrdmrtr nm sgd cqhudqr ne bnmhbs
‘mc rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d rntqbdr ne sghr ‘m‘kxrhr
hmbktcd l‘sdqh‘k vqhssdm rodbhb‘kkx enq sgd Rstcx Fqnto ax
rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr+ hmenql‘shnm f‘sgdqdc ctqhmf bnmrtks‘shnmr+
‘mc qdrd‘qbg bnmctbsdc ax sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r Rdbqds‘qh‘s
‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd&r @efg‘mhrs‘m sd‘l-
hr rdbshnm qdronmcr sn svn rshotk‘shnmr l‘cd ax sgd nqhf,
hm‘snqr ne sgd dm‘akhmf kdfhrk‘shnm9 sg‘s sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r
qdonqs ad bnloqdgdmrhud hm hsr rbnod ‘mc sg‘s hs ‘ccqdrr sgd
kdf‘bx ne @ldqhb‘&r knmf hmunkudldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
hr ‘rrdrrldms ghfgkhfgsr rtbbdrrdr ‘r vdkk ‘r bg‘kkdmf,
dr ‘mc tmdwodbsdc ntsbnldr hm ‘ vhcd q‘mfd ne ‘qd‘r+
tmcdqrbnqhmf sgd onhms l‘cd d‘qkhdq hm sghr qdonqs sg‘s
@efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r addm etmc‘ldms‘kkx bg‘mfdc ax sgd T-R-
‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k hmsdqudmshnm- hr sq‘mrenql‘shnm hr
drodbh‘kkx bkd‘q hm @efg‘mhrs‘m&r bhuhk rnbhdsx- Hm l‘mx ‘q,
d‘r+ oqnfqdrr hr narbtqdc ax sgd nmfnhmf bnmhbs+ ats sgd
@efg‘m odnokd vhkk g‘ud ltbg sn athkc nm he sgdqd hr od‘bd-
hr rdbshnm adfhmr ax dw‘lhmhmf sgd rs‘str ne sgd od‘bd
oqnbdrr+ vghbg r‘v rhfmhb‘ms oqnfqdrr hm 1/1/- d no,
onqstmhshdr oqdrdmsdc ax sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr enql sgd a‘rhr
ne sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r qdbnlldmc‘shnmr- d ‘rrdrrldms
sgdm dw‘lhmdr sgd sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s sn T-R- rdbtqhsx ‘mc
hmsdqdrsr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m+ vghbg v‘r sgd qd‘rnm enq sgd
T-R- hmsdqudmshnm svn cdb‘cdr ‘fn- Mdws+ sgd ‘rrdrrldms
rtqudxr ‘ mtladq ne e‘bsnqr sg‘s ‘qd jdx sn tmcdqrs‘mchmf
sgd @efg‘m onkhshb‘k nqcdq sg‘s vd bnmshmtd sn rtoonqs ‘mc
tmcdqvqhsd+ hmbktchmf hsr dwsqdld cnmnq cdodmcdmbx+ hsr
cnldrshb onkhshbr+ sgd dunktshnm ne hsr bhuhk rnbhdsx+ ‘mc sgd
rs‘sd ne hsr rdbtqhsx enqbdr- d ‘rrdrrldms sgdm stqmr sn
sgd S‘kha‘m bnmsdrs‘shnm ne sghr onkhshb‘k nqcdq+ dw‘lhmhmf
sgd hmrtqfdms lnudldms&r rsqtbstqd ‘mc naidbshudr- Ehm‘kkx+
sghr rdbshnm ‘m‘kxydr @efg‘mhrs‘m&r qdfhnm‘k dmuhqnmldms
‘mc sgd hmsdqdrsr ne jdx rs‘jdgnkcdqr-
RsWstr ne sgd OdWbd Opnbdrr
d Sqtlo ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm qdud‘kdc hm Itkx 1/07 sg‘s hs g‘c
adftm chqdbs mdfnsh‘shnmr vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m nm bnmchshnmr
enq ‘m dudmst‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k ne @ldqhb‘m sqnnor- hr v‘r
hm rnld v‘xr ‘ bnmshmt‘shnm ne T-R- onkhbx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+
vghbg g‘c rhmbd 1/00 rntfgs ‘ od‘bdetk dmc sn sgd @efg‘m
bnmhbs sgqntfg ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms adsvddm
sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m- d s‘kjr l‘qjdc
‘ aqd‘j vhsg o‘rs T-R- onkhbx+ gnvdudq+ hm sg‘s sgdx snnj
ok‘bd hmhsh‘kkx vhsgnts sgd bnmrdms nq hmunkudldms ne sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms-
d s‘kjr athks nm oqduhntr bnms‘bsr adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m sgqntfg sgd tmnbh‘k S‘kha‘m onkhs,
hb‘k nbd drs‘akhrgdc hm Cng‘+ P‘s‘q+ hm 1/02- d Na‘l‘
‘clhmhrsq‘shnm mdfnsh‘sdc sgd L‘x 1/03 qdkd‘rd ne b‘ostqdc
T-R- rnkchdq Anvd Adqfc‘gk hm dwbg‘mfd enq sgd qdkd‘rd ne
ud S‘kha‘m gdkc hm Ft‘ms—m‘ln sgqntfg sghr nbd- d
Na‘l‘ ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm g‘c gnodc sn dwo‘mc sg‘s mdfnsh‘,
shnm hmsn vhcdq s‘kjr ‘ants ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms sg‘s vntkc
dmc sgd bnmhbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d S‘kha‘m qdetrdc sn s‘kj
chqdbskx vhsg sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms+ gnvdudq+ ‘mc sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qdetrdc sn s‘kj sn sgd S‘kha‘m nm hrrtdr bnm,
bdqmhmf @efg‘mhrs‘m&r onkhshb‘k etstqd vhsgnts sgd oqdrdmbd
ne @efg‘m fnudqmldms qdoqdrdms‘shudr-
d 1/07 s‘kjr enbtrdc hmhsh‘kkx nm svn hrrtdr sg‘s ch,
qdbskx hmunkudc sgd svn o‘qshdr9 bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ‘mc sgd
vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R- sqnnor- d mdfnsh‘shnmr vdqd hmhsh‘kkx
kdc ax Rs‘sd Cdo‘qsldms nbh‘kr: hm Rdosdladq 1/07+
@la‘rr‘cnq Y‘kl‘x Jg‘khky‘c v‘r ‘oonhmsdc ‘r sgd
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 08
 Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm”‘
mdvkx bqd‘sdc onrhshnm”‘mc snnj bg‘qfd ne sgd T-R- mdfn,
sh‘shmf sd‘l- Jg‘khky‘c rs‘sdc otakhbkx sg‘s ‘m ‘fqddldms
adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m nm sgd bnmch,
shnmr enq vhsgcq‘v‘k ‘mc bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ft‘q‘msddr
vntkc dudmst‘kkx ad khmjdc ansg sn ‘fqddldms nm ‘ fdmdq‘k
bd‘rdqd ‘mc sn s‘kjr adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms nm ‘ etstqd onkhshb‘k ‘qq‘mfdldms- @ksgntfg
sgdrd svn rdsr ne hrrtdr vntkc ad mdfnsh‘sdc hm rdptdmbd+
Jg‘khky‘c ‘rrtqdc @efg‘m bntmsdqo‘qsr sg‘s 'mnsghmf v‘r
‘fqddc tmshk dudqxsghmf v‘r ‘fqddc-•2 Mnmdsgdkdrr+ J‘atk
edks sg‘s hs v‘r adhmf rhcdkhmdc ‘mc sg‘s hsr etstqd v‘r adhmf
mdfnsh‘sdc hm hsr ‘ardmbd-
Cdrohsd sgd 'mnsghmf hr ‘fqddc tmshk dudqxsghmf hr ‘fqddc•
‘rrtq‘mbdr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m qd‘bgdc ‘m
‘fqddldms sg‘s bnms‘hmdc ahmchmf bnllhsldmsr sg‘s chc
‘dbs sgd T-R-,J‘atk qdk‘shnmrgho- Qdbnfmhyhmf sgd hla‘k,
‘mbd ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ sgdm Rdbqds‘qx ne Cdedmrd
Drodq rhfmdc sgd Inhms Cdbk‘q‘shnm adsvddm sgd Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ’qdoqn,
ctbdc hm ‘mmdw 6( hm J‘atk nm sgd r‘ld c‘x”Edaqt‘qx
18+ 1/1/”sg‘s sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms v‘r rhfmdc- Hm sgd
Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ sgd S‘kha‘m bnllhssdc sn dmrtqhmf sg‘s
sdqqnqhrs fqntor+ hmbktchmf ‘k,P‘dc‘+ bntkc mns qdbqths+
sq‘hm+ nq nsgdqvhrd etmbshnm hm ‘ v‘x sg‘s bntkc sgqd‘sdm
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr hm ‘qd‘r bnmsqnkkdc ax sgd
S‘kha‘m- Adenqd sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rhfmdc sgd ‘fqddldms+
sgd S‘kha‘m g‘c ddbshudkx cdlnmrsq‘sdc sgdhq bnll‘mc
‘mc bnmsqnk ax l‘hms‘hmhmf ‘ rdudm,c‘x bd‘rdqd- Enq
hsr o‘qs+ hm sgd ‘fqddldms sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnllhssdc sn
qdctbhmf hsr enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m eqnl ‘ooqnwhl‘sdkx
04+/// sqnnor sn 7+5// ax Itkx 1/1/+ ‘mc sn vhsgcq‘v etkkx
ax L‘x 1/10+ rtaidbs sn bnmchshnmr adhmf lds- @bbnqchmf sn
aqhdmfr vhsg sgnrd bknrd sn sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd S‘kha‘m
g‘c etqsgdq bnllhssdc sn mns ‘ss‘bjhmf hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
enqbdr+ k‘qfd @efg‘m bhshdr+ ‘mc rnld nsgdq s‘qfdsr- @
lhkhs‘qx,sn,lhkhs‘qx bg‘mmdk v‘r rds to hm Cng‘ adsvddm
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m sn lnmhsnq bnlokh‘mbd-
Vghkd sgd S‘kha‘m hmhsh‘kkx ‘ood‘qdc sn qdrodbs sgd kdssdq
ne sghr bnllhsldms+ kdudkr ne uhnkdmbd qdl‘hmdc ghfg ‘r
1, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
S‘kha‘m fgsdqr bnmctbsdc mtldqntr rl‘kk,rb‘kd ‘ss‘bjr
‘f‘hmrs @efg‘m ‘qlx tmhsr+ ‘oo‘qdmskx sn l‘hms‘hm sgd
lnq‘kd ‘mc fgshmf bnmchshnm ne sgd S‘kha‘m fgsdqr hm b‘rd
sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr e‘hkdc- d lhkhs‘qx,sn,lhkhs‘qx bg‘mmdk
oqnudc tm‘akd sn ddbshudkx ‘citchb‘sd bk‘hldc hmrs‘mbdr ne
uhnk‘shnmr ne sgd ‘fqddldms ctd hm o‘qshbtk‘q sn sgd k‘bj ne
naidbshud hmenql‘shnm qdf‘qchmf vgn hmhsh‘sdc ‘ss‘bjr- d
S‘kha‘m qdetr‘k sn hmbktcd qdoqdrdms‘shudr ne sgd @efg‘m fnu,
dqmldms hm sgd ldbg‘mhrl etqsgdq khlhsdc hsr ddbshudmdrr-
d Cng‘ ‘fqddldms ‘krn b‘kkdc enq hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘,
shnmr sn adfhm vhsghm sdm c‘xr- Sn r‘shrex sghr oqnuhrhnm+ sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms g‘c sn ‘rrdlakd ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l+ ‘
e‘bs sg‘s dw‘bdqa‘sdc Oqdrhcdms @rgq‘e Fg‘mh&r rdmrd ne adhmf
tmcdqlhmdc ax ‘m ‘fqddldms sg‘s dms‘hkdc bnllhsldmsr ghr
fnudqmldms g‘c sn etkkk dudm sgntfg hs g‘c mns addm hm,
unkudc hm mdfnsh‘shmf sgdl- L‘mx @efg‘m hmsdqknbtsnqr sg‘s
sgd Rstcx Fqnto hmsdquhdvdc mnsdc sg‘s sgd md‘qkx svn xd‘qr
ne mdfnsh‘shnmr adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m
g‘c dkdu‘sdc ‘mc kdfhshlhydc sgd hmrtqfdms lnudldms-
Svn hlldch‘sd nars‘bkdr oqdudmsdc s‘kjr eqnl adfhmmhmf
hm d‘qkx L‘qbg ‘r b‘kkdc enq hm sgd ‘fqddldms- d qrs v‘r
‘m nmfnhmf chrotsd nudq sgd Rdosdladq 1/08 oqdrhcdmsh‘k
dkdbshnm adsvddm Oqdrhcdms Fg‘mh ‘mc sgd qtmmdq,to+
Cq- @actkk‘g @actkk‘g+ vghbg oqdudmsdc ‘ J‘atk fnudqm,
ldms eqnl m‘lhmf ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l- d rdbnmc nars‘bkd
v‘r ‘ 'bnmcdmbd,athkchmf• oqnuhrhnm sg‘s J‘atk vntkc
qdkd‘rd 4+/// b‘ostqdc S‘kha‘m ‘mc sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m vntkc
qdkd‘rd 0+/// b‘ostqdc @efg‘m rnkchdqr- d qrs nars‘bkd v‘r
qdrnkudc hm L‘x+ tmcdq sgqd‘sr eqnl sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn bts
rhfmhb‘ms etmchmf sn sgd fnudqmldms tmkdrr hs bnmbktcdc
sgd dkdbshnm chrotsd ‘mc m‘ldc ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l- d rdb,
nmc v‘r bnlokhb‘sdc ax sgd e‘bs sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m hmrhrsdc nm
cdsdqlhmhmf vghbg oqhrnmdqr rgntkc ad qdkd‘rdc+ hmbktchmf ‘
mtladq ne cds‘hmddr vgn g‘c addm qdronmrhakd enq gdhmntr
bqhldr ‘mc ‘ss‘bjr- @f‘hm+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘c sn ‘ookx
rhfmhb‘ms oqdrrtqd+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q sgd sgqd‘s sn vhsgcq‘v
m‘mbh‘k ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ adenqd sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘fqddc sn
m‘khyd sgdrd qdkd‘rdr ‘mc rdmc hsr mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l sn s‘kjr
hm Rdosdladq gnrsdc ax sgd fnudqmldms ne P‘s‘q hm Cng‘-
Nm Rdosdladq 01+ 1/1/+ sgd svn rhcdr lds hm Cng‘ sn adfhm
s‘kjr sg‘s sgd o‘qshdr cdbhcdc sn cdrbqhad ‘r sgd '@efg‘m
Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr-• d nodmhmf bdqdlnmx v‘r ‘ssdmcdc
ax ghfg,kdudk qdoqdrdms‘shudr eqnl rnld svdmsx bntmsqhdr+
hmbktchmf Rdbqds‘qx ne Rs‘sd Onlodn qdoqdrdmshmf sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr- d o‘qshdr g‘c cdbhcdc sg‘s sgd ‘bst‘k s‘kjr vntkc s‘jd
ok‘bd vhsgnts ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx ldch‘snq: nmkx sgd svn mdfnsh‘shmf
sd‘lr vntkc ad hm sgd qnnl- d o‘qshdr adf‘m chrbtrrhmf sgd
qtkdr ‘mc oqnbdctqdr sg‘s vntkc fnudqm sgd mdfnsh‘shnm nudq
rtars‘mbd- @m hlo‘rrd v‘r pthbjkx qd‘bgdc+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q nm
chrotsd qdrnktshnm ldbg‘mhrlr ‘mc nm vghbg cnbtldmsr
vntkc ad bnmrhcdqdc ‘r ‘mbgnqhmf sgd s‘kjr- Nm sgd k‘ssdq hrrtd+
sgd S‘kha‘m hmrhrsdc sg‘s hsr ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
rgntkc ad sgd rnkd cnbtldms”‘ onrhshnm sgd fnudqmldms
bntkc mns ‘bbdos adb‘trd hs v‘r mns ‘ o‘qsx sn sg‘s ‘fqddldms-
Ctqhmf sgd rtlldq+ uhnkdmbd kdudkr g‘c adftm sn qhrd- d
S‘kha‘m l‘hms‘hmdc sgdhq bnllhsldms sn mns ‘ss‘bj hmsdq,
m‘shnm‘k enqbdr ‘mc @efg‘m bhshdr+ ats sgdx hmbqd‘rdc sgdhq
‘ss‘bjr ‘f‘hmrs @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr& bgdbjonhmsr- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hm ‘ mtladq ne b‘rdr ‘bsdc nm hsr oqdqnf‘shud
sn cdedmc @efg‘m sqnnor vgdm tmcdq ‘ss‘bj+ ‘mc chc rn
vhsg ‘hq rsqhjdr- Hmhsh‘kkx+ sgd mtladq ne ‘ss‘bjr v‘r ghfg+ ats
b‘rt‘ksx q‘sdr chc mns rhfmhb‘mskx hmbqd‘rd- Hm @tftrs ‘mc
Rdosdladq+ gnvdudq+ b‘rt‘ksx q‘sdr qnrd rg‘qokx ‘r fgshmf
hmsdmrhdc- Hm Mnudladq+ vghkd sgd ldch‘ v‘r qdonqshmf sg‘s
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr v‘r oqdo‘qhmf sn vhsgcq‘v sqnnor ax sgd
dmc ne sgd xd‘q+ sgd S‘kha‘m k‘tmbgdc ndmrhudr hm Gdkl‘mc+
J‘mc‘g‘q+ ‘mc Tqtyf‘m Oqnuhmbdr”‘qd‘r vgdqd sgdx g‘ud
rhfmhb‘ms knb‘k hmtdmbd”aqhdx gnkchmf rnld chrsqhbsr
‘mc dmbqn‘bghmf nm sgd rtatqar ne J‘mc‘g‘q ‘mc K‘rgj‘q
F‘g- T-R- ‘hqonvdq+ bnlahmdc hm o‘qshbtk‘q vhsg @RRE nodq‘,
shnmr+ otrgdc a‘bj sgd S‘kha‘m ‘cu‘mbd- @efg‘m fnudqmldms
rntqbdr ‘bjmnvkdcfdc sn sgd Rstcx Fqnto sg‘s vd‘jmdrrdr
vhsghm sgd @MCRE+ hmbktchmf k‘qfd mtladqr ne 'fgnrs rnk,
chdqr• ’lhkhs‘qx odqrnmmdk vgn ‘qd e‘krdkx khrsdc nm sgd qnkkr
‘mc enq vgnl ‘ r‘k‘qx hr eq‘tctkdmskx o‘hc+ ats vgn cn mns
‘bst‘kkx dwhrs(+ g‘c addm l‘mhedrs hm sgd k‘bjktrsdq fgshmf-
Nsgdq rntqbdr rtffdrsdc sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m vdqd hmbqd‘rhmfkx
vnqqhdc sg‘s sgdhq bnllhsldms sn mns ‘ss‘bj hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
sqnnor+ bnlahmdc vhsg sgdhq rsq‘sdfx ne hmbqd‘rhmf uhnkdmbd
‘f‘hmrs nsgdq @efg‘m fqntor+ v‘r dqnchmf sgdhq m‘shnm,
‘khrs ‘mc Hrk‘lhrs bqdchahkhsx- @r ‘ qdrtks+ sgdx vdqd e‘bhmf
oqnakdlr ansg ne mdv qdbqthsldms ‘mc ne lnshu‘shmf dw,
hrshmf fgsdqr- d S‘kha‘m kd‘cdqrgho v‘r qdonqsdckx ‘krn
bnmbdqmdc ax ‘ rdqhdr ne qtkhmfr ax qdkhfhntr ‘tsgnqhshdr hm
Hrk‘lhb bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm sg‘s cdbqddc sg‘s S‘kha‘m
uhnkdmbd ctqhmf sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr v‘r hkkdfhshl‘sd-
qntfgnts sghr odqhnc+ T-R- choknl‘sr g‘c addm tqfhmf sgd
S‘kha‘m sn qdctbd uhnkdmbd ‘r ‘ bnmcdmbd,athkchmf ld‘rtqd
sn ‘kknv sgd s‘kjr sn oqnbddc hm ‘m ‘slnrogdqd lnqd bnmct,
bhud sn qd‘bghmf ‘fqddldms- Ats sgdx e‘bdc ‘m toghkk rsqtffkd-
d S‘kha‘m bkd‘qkx rdd uhnkdmbd ‘r nmd ne sgdhq l‘hm ld‘mr ne
kdudq‘fd- @efg‘m nbh‘kr hmenqldc sgd Rstcx Fqnto sg‘s sgd
S‘kha‘m kd‘cdqr g‘c oqdrdmsdc sgd ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr sn sgdhq bnll‘mcdqr ‘r ‘ oqdktcd sn ‘ lhkhs‘qx uhbsnqx
nmbd T-R- sqnnor kd hm L‘x 1/10 q‘sgdq sg‘m ‘r sgd adfhmmhmf
ne ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr sg‘s vntkc qdpthqd bnloqnlhrdr- Ansg sgd
S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd @efg‘m enqbdr ‘bbtrdc d‘bg nsgdq ne rs‘qshmf
sgd uhnkdmbd- d qdrtks v‘r ‘m hmduhs‘akd drb‘k‘snqx rohq‘k-
d o‘qshdr+ vghbg g‘c adftm lddshmf ‘r sd‘lr e‘bd,sn,e‘bd
‘mc sgdm g‘c lds nmkx sgqntfg svn rl‘kkdq bnms‘bs fqntor+
rsnoodc lddshmf ‘ksnfdsgdq+ o‘rrhmf ldrr‘fdr sn d‘bg nsgdq
sgqntfg sgd P‘s‘qh gnrsr hmrsd‘c- d @efg‘m fnudqmldms&r
mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l+ l‘cd to ne qdoqdrdms‘shudr ne ‘ mtladq
ne chdqdms @efg‘m onkhshb‘k e‘bshnmr sg‘s a‘bjdc sgd btqqdms
bnmrshstshnm+ qdl‘hmdc tmhsdc+ chroqnuhmf ed‘qr sg‘s sgd
S‘kha‘m vntkc ad ‘akd sn trd cnldrshb onkhshb‘k chdqdmbdr
sn tmcdqlhmd sgd tmhsx ne sgd sd‘l ax ‘ood‘khmf sn onrrhakx
rxlo‘sgdshb e‘bshnmr-
Hm k‘sd Mnudladq+ qdonqsr bhqbtk‘sdc sg‘s sgd svn mdfnsh‘shnm
sd‘lr g‘c qd‘bgdc ‘ aqd‘jsgqntfg nm qtkdr ‘mc oqnbdctqdr-
Hlonqs‘mskx+ sgd aqd‘jsgqntfg ‘ood‘qdc sn ad ctd sn ‘ q‘qd
S‘kha‘m bnloqnlhrd- Rtardptdms qdonqsr rtffdrsdc sg‘s
Oqdrhcdms Fg‘mh qdidbsdc sgd bnloqnlhrd- hr qdidbshnm mns
nmkx rs‘kkdc sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ats ‘krn bqd‘sdc bnmetrhnm nudq
vgn g‘c vg‘s onvdqr ne bnmsqnk nudq sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqn,
bdrr- @bbnqchmf sn sgd ‘fqddldms adsvddm Oqdrhcdms Fg‘mh
‘mc ghr qhu‘k enq sgd oqdrhcdmbx+ @actkk‘g @actkk‘g+ sg‘s g‘c
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 10
 addm qd‘bgdc hm L‘x+ sgd k‘ssdq ‘r gd‘c ne sgd Ghfg Bntmbhk
nm M‘shnm‘k Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm vntkc kd‘c sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr-
@cchmf sn sgd bnmetrhnm ‘ants hsr ‘tsgnqhsx+ sgd ldladqrgho
ne sgd bntmbhk&r Kd‘cdqrgho Bnllhssdd qdl‘hmdc tmbkd‘q-
Hm d‘qkx Cdbdladq+ oqnfqdrr qdrtldc- Noonrhshnm sn sgd
bnloqnlhrd hm J‘atk v‘r cqnoodc+ sgd svn rhcdr adf‘m sn
ldds ‘f‘hm hm Cng‘+ ‘mc+ nm Cdbdladq 4+ sgd Kd‘cdqrgho
Bnllhssdd ne sgd Ghfg Bntmbhk enq M‘shnm‘k Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm
lds enq sgd qrs shld- Hm lhc,Cdbdladq+ sgd svn mdfnsh‘s,
hmf sd‘lr ‘mmntmbdc ‘fqddldms nm sgd qtkdr ne oqnbdctqd+
oqdrdmsdc sgdhq khrsr ne oqhnqhsx hrrtdr enq rtars‘mshud s‘kjr+
‘mc ‘fqddc sn ‘cintqm tmshk I‘mt‘qx 4 + 1/10- Ctqhmf sgd hm,
sdqqdfmtl+ s‘qfdsdc ‘rr‘rrhm‘shnmr hm J‘atk jhkkdc ud bhuhk
rnbhdsx ‘bshuhrsr- d S‘kha‘m cdmhdc qdronmrhahkhsx enq sgdrd
cd‘sgr- Nm I‘mt‘qx 3+ sgd ronjdrodqrnm enq T-R- enqbdr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m b‘kkdc nm sgd S‘kha‘m sn rsno sgd b‘lo‘hfm ne
tmbk‘hldc s‘qfdsdc jhkkhmfr ‘f‘hmrs intqm‘khrsr+ bhuhk rnbhdsx
‘bshuhrsr+ ‘mc fnudqmldms nbh‘kr-
@r ne sgd otakhb‘shnm ne sghr qdonqs+ sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr hr
rshkk ‘khud- d qhrj ne bnkk‘ord hr+ gnvdudq+ dudq oqdrdms-
d lnrs hlldch‘sd qhrj hr sg‘s he sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr cndr
mns hlokdldms ‘ etkk lhkhs‘qx vhsgcq‘v‘k ax L‘x 1/10+ sgd
S‘kha‘m vhkk vhsgcq‘v eqnl sgd oqnbdrr+ ‘s kd‘rs enq ‘ shld+
bk‘hlhmf sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r uhnk‘sdc sgd sdqlr ne
sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms”dudm sgntfg sgd S‘kha‘m sgdlrdkudr
g‘ud mns chrbdqmhakx lds sgdhq nvm bnllhsldmsr- dqd hr
‘krn ‘ qhrj sg‘s sgd oqdrrtqdr ne sgd oqnbdrr vhkk vd‘jdm ‘mc
chuhcd sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms+ l‘jhmf ‘ bnllnm mdfn,
sh‘shmf onrhshnm hlonrrhakd sn rtrs‘hm- dqd hr sgd etqsgdq
qhrj sg‘s mdhsgdq rhcd mdfnsh‘sdr vhsg ‘ uhdv sn ‘bghduhmf
‘m ‘fqddldms+ vhsg ansg rhcdr adkhduhmf ‘ksdqm‘shudr sn ‘
mdfnsh‘sdc ‘fqddldms ‘qd rtodqhnq sn ‘ onrrhakd ‘fqddldms9
sgd fnudqmldms adkhduhmf ‘ e‘hkdc mdfnsh‘shnm vhkk kd‘c sn ‘
oqnknmfdc T-R- oqdrdmbd+ ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m adkhduhmf e‘hktqd
‘s sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd vhkk g‘rsdm sgd T-R- cdo‘qstqd- @kk
mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrrdr bnmeqnms sgdrd tmbdqs‘hmshdr- d
oqdlhtl ok‘bdc nm choknl‘bx ax sgd Rstcx Fqnto&r qdb,
nlldmc‘shnmr hr ansg ‘m ‘bjmnvkdcfldms ne sgdrd qhrjr
‘mc ‘ ld‘mr ne lhshf‘shmf sgdl-
11 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Dunktshnm ne sgd Sdppnphrs pdWs
epnl :efgWmhrsWm
Rhmbd sgd 8.00 ‘ss‘bjr+ sgd oqhl‘qx T-R- hmsdqdrs hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r addm sn oqdudms etstqd sgqd‘sr sn sgd
gnldk‘mc- nrd ‘ss‘bjr vdqd ok‘mmdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
ax sgd dwsqdlhrs ‘msh,@ldqhb‘m sdqqnq fqnto ‘k,P‘dc‘+
vghbg g‘c addm vdkbnldc ‘mc rgdksdqdc ax sgd S‘kha‘m
qdfhld- d S‘kha‘m&r qdetr‘k sn fhud to ‘k,P‘dc‘ kd‘cdq
Nr‘l‘ ahm K‘cdm kdc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn hmsdqudmd lhkh,
s‘qhkx ‘mc snookd sgd qdfhld- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr mnv e‘bdr
‘ o‘q‘cnw hm sg‘s sgd sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m
g‘r addm rhfmhb‘mskx bnms‘hmdc ctd sn sgd T-R- ‘mc ‘kkhdc
lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd ‘mc sgd oqdrrtqd hs bnmshmtdr sn dwdqs nm
sgdrd fqntor- Rnld g‘ud trdc sgd ‘oo‘qdms qdctbshnm hm
sgd sgqd‘s sn itrshex ‘ bnlokdsd lhkhs‘qx vhsgcq‘v‘k eqnl
@efg‘mhrs‘m- @bbnqchmf sn dwodqsr vgn aqhdedc sgd Rstcx
Fqnto+ gnvdudq+ ‘ oqdbhohsntr vhsgcq‘v‘k bntkc kd‘c sn ‘
qdbnmrshstshnm ne sgd sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s sn sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc
vhsghm dhfgsddm lnmsgr sn sgqdd xd‘qr-
@dq sgd Rnuhds hmu‘rhnm ne @efg‘mhrs‘m hm 0868+ sgd
@efg‘mhrs‘m,O‘jhrs‘m qdfhnm adb‘ld sgd dohbdmsdq ne
fkna‘k ihg‘ch fqntor+ lnrs oqnlhmdmskx ‘k,P‘dc‘+ vghbg
b‘qqhdc nts rdudq‘k cd‘ckx ‘ss‘bjr ‘f‘hmrs T-R- hmrs‘kk‘shnmr
hm sgd 088/r- Khlhsdc T-R- ‘ssdmshnm sn sgd sgqd‘s sgdrd
fqntor onrdc rds sgd rs‘fd enq sgd 8.00 ‘ss‘bjr- @ksgntfg
sgd S‘kha‘m qdfhld+ vghbg fnudqmdc lnrs ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
ax 0885+ chc mns g‘ud sgd vhkk+ b‘o‘bhsx+ nq hmsdqdrs sn ‘ss‘bj
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hsrdke+ hs chc oqnuhcd ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘ r‘mbst‘qx
eqnl vghbg sn ok‘m hsr nodq‘shnmr- Eqnl 1//0 nmv‘qc+ T-R-
enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m dqncdc sgd fqnto&r b‘o‘bhsx sgdqd+
‘mc hm 1/00+ ahm K‘cdm ghlrdke v‘r jhkkdc hm ‘ T-R- rodbh‘k
nodq‘shnm hm O‘jhrs‘m-
Rshkk+ Rntsg @rh‘ qdl‘hmr ‘ bqhshb‘kkx hlonqs‘ms qdfhnm
enq ‘msh,@ldqhb‘m dwsqdlhrs fqntor ctd sn hsr rxlankhb
oqnlhmdmbd hm sgd ihg‘ch lxsgnknfx+ hsr qdlnsd fdnfq‘,
ogx ‘mc qtffdc sdqq‘hm+ ‘mc hsr vd‘j fnudqmldmsr- dx
bnlahmd sn l‘jd hs g‘qc sn bnmctbs bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl no,
dq‘shnmr sgdqd ‘mc+ sgdqdenqd+ l‘jd hs ‘ssq‘bshud sn dwsqdlhrs
fqntor- Btqqdmskx+ sgdqd ‘qd svn l‘inq sdqqnqhrs fqntor
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m9 HRJO ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘- d k‘ssdq hmbktcdr
ldladqr ne vg‘s rnld cdrbqhad ‘r '@P bnqd•”sgd chqdbs
onkhshb‘k gdhqr ne ahm K‘cdm”‘r vdkk ‘r ‘k,P‘dc‘&r qdfhnm‘k
‘kh‘sd+ ‘k,P‘dc‘ hm sgd Hmch‘m Rtabnmshmdms ’@PHR(-
dqd ‘qd ‘ lxqh‘c ne fqntor sg‘s ‘qd ne kdrrdq hlonqs‘mbd
‘r ‘ chqdbs sgqd‘s sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ats sg‘s g‘ud sgd
b‘o‘bhsx sn sgqd‘sdm T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm sgd qdfhnm+ mns‘akx ax
oqnlnshmf hmrs‘ahkhsx nq ‘ffq‘u‘shmf sgd qhu‘kqx adsvddm
mtbkd‘q,‘qldc Hmch‘ ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m-
Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd adf‘m ‘r ‘ aq‘mbg ne ‘k,P‘dc‘ hm onrs,1//2
Hq‘p+ rdo‘q‘sdc hmsn hsr nvm fqnto+ ‘mc sgdm dwo‘mcdc+
b‘ohs‘khyhmf nm sgd bg‘nr ne sgd Rxqh‘m bhuhk v‘q ‘mc rdhyhmf
sdqqhsnqx hm ansg Rxqh‘ ‘mc Hq‘p- Hs cdbk‘qdc hsr ‘lahshnm sn
bqd‘sd ‘ b‘khog‘sd sg‘s vntkc tmhsd Ltrkhlr ‘mc sq‘mrbdmc
rs‘sd antmc‘qhdr- Hs g‘r ‘m ‘unvdc gnrshkhsx sn sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc g‘r b‘qqhdc nts nq hmrohqdc rnld
ne sgd lnqd gnqqhb qdbdms sdqqnq ‘ss‘bjr hm sgd Vdrs- Hm
1/02+ T-R- lhkhs‘qx enqbdr adf‘m sn qdbnfmhyd sgd dwhrsdmbd
ne Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd“‘kh‘sdc fgsdqr hm sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m,
O‘jhrs‘m anqcdq qdfhnm- d d‘qkx ldladqrgho ne HRJO
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m v‘r k‘qfdkx bnlonrdc ne chrrhcdms @efg‘m
S‘kha‘m bnll‘mcdqr+ enqldq ldladqr ne sgd Sdgqhj,d,
S‘kha‘m+ ‘mc ‘cgdqdmsr ne Bdmsq‘k @rh‘m dwsqdlhrs fqntor
vgn g‘c enqldqkx addm ‘kkhdc vhsg ‘k,P‘dc‘- Hm d‘qkx 1/04+
Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd oqnbk‘hldc sgd bqd‘shnm ne sgd 'Jgnq‘r‘m
Oqnuhmbd• ne hsr b‘khog‘sd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m-
Hm sgd xd‘qr rhmbd sgdm+ HRJO g‘r ‘ssq‘bsdc sgntr‘mcr ne
‘cgdqdmsr+ rtqfdc+ ‘mc sgdm cdbkhmdc tmcdq qdkdmskdrr oqdr,
rtqd eqnl T-R- ‘mc @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr+ ‘mc nbb‘rhnm‘kkx
sgd S‘kha‘m+ ‘r vdkk ‘r O‘jhrs‘mh rdbtqhsx enqbdr-
Hm 1/1/+ HRJO ‘ssdlosdc sn qdathkc- Hs g‘r k‘tmbgdc
ghfg,b‘rt‘ksx+ noonqstmhrshb ‘ss‘bjr s‘qfdshmf bhuhkh‘mr+
o‘qshbtk‘qkx hm J‘atk- drd ‘ss‘bjr l‘hms‘hm hsr bqdchahkhsx
‘r ‘m tmcded‘sdc enqbd ‘mc ankrsdq hsr qdbqthsldms dnqsr-
HRJO hr cdchb‘sdc sn drs‘akhrghmf ‘ Jgnq‘r‘m Oqnuhmbd
sg‘s b‘m oqnuhcd ‘ rdbtqd ok‘senql enq sgd Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd
‘r hs athkcr ‘ fkna‘k b‘khog‘sd- dqd hr mn qd‘rnm sn cntas
sg‘s HRJO vntkc k‘tmbg ‘ss‘bjr nm sgd Vdrs he hs vdqd ‘akd
sn cn rn- Enq mnv+ hsr b‘o‘bhsx hr bnmrsq‘hmdc ax oqdrrtqd
‘ookhdc ax T-R- enqbdr+ sgd @MCRE+ ‘mc+ hm rnld ‘qd‘r+
sgd S‘kha‘m- @ qdctbshnm ne sghr oqdrrtqd vntkc khjdkx kd‘c
sn HRJO b‘ostqhmf ‘cchshnm‘k sdqqhsnqx+ hmsdmrhexhmf sgd
sgqd‘s hs onrdr sn sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms+ ‘mc hmbqd‘rhmf
hsr b‘o‘bhsx sn bnmctbs nsgdq nodq‘shnmr+ hmbktchmf ‘ss‘bjr
ntsrhcd @efg‘mhrs‘m-
@k,P‘dc‘ g‘r mdudq fhudm to nm @efg‘mhrs‘m cdrohsd
dmnqlntr T-R- oqdrrtqd ‘mc ‘lokd noonqstmhsx sn enbtr
nm nsgdq sgd‘sdqr- Hs rshkk okdcfdr ed‘ksx sn sgd S‘kha‘m+ ‘mc
‘bbnqchmf sn sgd dkdudmsg TM qdonqs ax sgd S‘kha‘m r‘mb,
shnmr lnmhsnqhmf sd‘l+ oqdrdmsdc sn sgd Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk
hm L‘x 1/1/+ 'Qdk‘shnmr adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m+ drodbh‘kkx sgd
G‘pp‘mh Mdsvnqj+ ‘mc @k P‘hc‘ qdl‘hm bknrd+ a‘rdc nm
eqhdmcrgho+ ‘ ghrsnqx ne rg‘qdc rsqtffkd+ hcdnknfhb‘k rxlo‘sgx
‘mc hmsdql‘qqh‘fd- d S‘kha‘m qdftk‘qkx bnmrtksdc vhsg @k
P‘hc‘ ctqhmf mdfnsh‘shnmr vhsg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc ndqdc
ft‘q‘msddr sg‘s hs vntkc gnmntq sgdhq ghrsnqhb‘k shdr-•3 hr
odqrhrsdms khmj‘fd dwok‘hmr+ hm o‘qs+ vgx sgd S‘kha‘m qdrhrsdc
sgd T-R- cdl‘mc sg‘s sgdx qdmntmbd ‘mc rdudq sgdhq shdr
vhsg ‘k,P‘dc‘+ ‘mc hmrsd‘c bnllhssdc nmkx sn dmrtqhmf sg‘s
‘k,P‘dc‘ hr mn knmfdq ‘ sgqd‘s sn sgd hmsdqdrsr ne sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr hm ‘qd‘r bnmsqnkkdc ax sgd S‘kha‘m-
Ld‘mvghkd+ ‘k,P‘dc‘&r kd‘cdq+ @xl‘m ‘k,Y‘v‘ghqh+ ‘m,
mntmbdc sgd bqd‘shnm ne @PHR+ ‘ eq‘mbghrd vgnrd hcdnknfx
‘mc fn‘kr ‘qd bknrdkx ‘khfmdc vhsg sgnrd ne sgd bnqd kd‘c,
dqrgho- @ cdrhfm‘sdc enqdhfm sdqqnqhrs nqf‘mhy‘shnm+ @PHR&r
sgqd‘s sn sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc hr lhmhl‘k ‘mc hsr sgqd‘s sn T-R-
hmsdqdrsr hm sgd qdfhnm hr knv- Rshkk+ ‘r ‘ bdkktk‘q nqf‘mhy‘shnm+
‘k,P‘dc‘ cdodmcr nm sqtrsdc gtl‘m mdsvnqjr sn qdbqths+
rtrs‘hm+ ‘mc cdudkno hsr enqbdr- Hsr nkcdrs+ cddodrs gtl‘m
mdsvnqj hr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m- Hs g‘r jdos hsr rd,
mhnq kd‘cdqr hm sg‘s qdfhnm sgqntfgnts svn cdb‘cdr ne T-R-
dmf‘fdldms ‘mc oqdrrtqd- Ahm K‘cdm dlog‘rhydc sgd u‘ktd
ne r‘ed g‘udm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hm kdssdqr entmc hm ghr m‘k
ghcdnts hm @aanss‘a‘c-
Adxnmc ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc HRJO+ svn fqntor ‘qd ne o‘qshbtk‘q
hmsdqdrs hm Rntsg @rh‘ snc‘x+ ‘lnmf sgd rdudq‘k cnydm
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 12
 r‘hc sn ad nodq‘shmf hm sgd sgd‘sdq9 Sdgqhj,d,S‘kha‘m ’‘krn
jmnvm ‘r sgd 'O‘jhrs‘mh S‘kha‘m•( ‘mc K‘rgj‘q,d,S‘ha‘
’vghbg ‘krn g‘r ‘ oqdrdmbd hm O‘jhrs‘m(- Ansg g‘ud cdlnm,
rsq‘sdc sgd b‘o‘bhsx sn ‘bs ‘r l‘inq sgqd‘sr sn sgd qdfhnm-
Mdhsgdq hr enbtrdc nm chqdbs ‘ss‘bjr nm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr-
Ats ‘mx fqnto sg‘s bntkc hmbqd‘rd sgd khjdkhgnnc ne mtbkd‘q
bnmhbs nq sgd chrodqr‘k ne mtbkd‘q l‘sdqh‘kr ‘mc vd‘onmr
hm Rntsg @rh‘+ drodbh‘kkx sn mnmrs‘sd fqntor+ bntkc rdudqdkx
sgqd‘sdm qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx+ T-R- ‘kkhdr ‘mc hmsdqdrsr+ ‘mc dudm
@ldqhb‘m sdqqhsnqx-
Hs hr adxnmc sgd rbnod ne sghr qdonqs sn ‘rrdrr sgd qdk‘shud
sgqd‘sr ne ihg‘ch fqntor a‘rdc hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgnrd sg‘s
g‘ud dldqfdc dkrdvgdqd- d Rstcx Fqnto qdbnfmhydr sg‘s
sgd T-R- oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r bnmsqhatsdc sn ‘ chlhm,
hrgdc sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s sn sgd gnldk‘mc eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Ats sgdqd hr mn ptdrshnm sg‘s sgdqd g‘r addm ‘ rhfmhb‘ms
dunktshnm hm sgd fkna‘k sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s+ vghbg vhkk g‘ud
sn ad bntmsdqdc ax ‘ fkna‘k rsq‘sdfx sg‘s vhkk mddc sn s‘jd
@efg‘mhrs‘m hmsn ‘bbntms- Enq sgd qd‘rnmr cdrbqhadc ‘anud+
@efg‘mhrs‘m qdl‘hmr rxlankhb‘kkx ‘mc fdnfq‘oghb‘kkx ‘m
‘ssq‘bshud ro‘bd enq ihg‘ch fqntor sg‘s ‘rohqd sn ‘ss‘bj sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ hsr hmsdqdrsr+ ‘mc sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
nqcdq hs g‘r cnmd rn ltbg sn bqd‘sd-
:efgWmhrsWmr Dbnmnlhb Cdodmcdmbx
@efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r addm cdodmcdms nm dwsdqm‘k rtarhchdr
enq lnrs ne sgd o‘rs svn bdmstqhdr- Dudm ‘dq sgd Rnuhds
Tmhnm vhsgcqdv hsr sqnnor eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m hm 0878+
sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd v‘r ‘akd sn rtquhud vhsg nmfnhmf l‘,
sdqh‘k rtoonqs eqnl sgd Rnuhds Tmhnm- Hs v‘r nmkx vgdm
sgnrd rtarhchdr vdqd vhsgcq‘vm hm 0881 sg‘s sgd rs‘sd
bnkk‘ordc+ kd‘chmf sn ‘ cdb‘cd ne bhuhk v‘q ‘mc S‘kha‘m
qtkd- Hm sgd onrs,1//0 odqhnc+ vgdm sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
bnlltmhsx okdcfdc sn qdathkc @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd o‘ssdqm
ne cnmnq cdodmcdmbd qdstqmdc ‘mc hmsdmrhdc- Svn
cdb‘cdr k‘sdq”‘r rgnvm hm sgd anw '@hc+ Atcfds+ ‘mc
Otakhb Dwodmchstqdr• ’o‘fdr 14“15(”sgd fnudqmldms
‘mc rdbtqhsx rdbsnq qdl‘hm gd‘uhkx cdodmcdms nm etmchmf
eqnl sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx-
13 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Nudq shld+ @efg‘mhrs‘m b‘m qdctbd hsr cdodmcdmbd nm
cnmnq rtoonqs+ drodbh‘kkx he hs f‘hmr rs‘ahkhsx sgqntfg ‘
onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms+ he rdbtqhsx bnrsr ‘qd qdctbdc+ ‘mc he
sgd onsdmsh‘k enq dbnmnlhb oqnctbshuhsx hr qd‘khydc- Ats
‘mx dbnmnlhb stqm‘qntmc vhkk mns ad ‘bghdudc rvhkx- d
mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr hsrdke vhkk khjdkx s‘jd l‘mx lnmsgr+ ‘mc
onrrhakx knmfdq+ ‘mc sgd rnqsr ne hmudrsldmsr sg‘s lhfgs
dudmst‘kkx l‘jd @efg‘mhrs‘m rdke,rtbhdms ‘qd tmkhjdkx
sn oqnctbd rhfmhb‘ms qdudmtdr enq l‘mx lnqd xd‘qr- @mx
rbdm‘qhn hm vghbg sgd rs‘sd bnkk‘ordr+ ‘r hs chc hm 0881+ vhkk
l‘jd hs bnmrhcdq‘akx lnqd chbtks enq sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn
dmrtqd hsr etmc‘ldms‘k m‘shnm‘k rdbtqhsx hmsdqdrsr+ kds ‘knmd
‘mx ne hsr nsgdq hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d tmoqdchbs‘akd ‘mc ndm tmbnnqchm‘sdc m‘stqd ne lnrs
enqdhfm ‘hc sn @efg‘mhrs‘m gdkor dwok‘hm sgd k‘bj ne oqnfqdrr
snv‘qc rdke,rtrs‘hm‘ahkhsx- Rgnqs,sdqlhrl odqu‘cdc ltbg
ne sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx&r ‘bshuhshdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+
hmbktchmf hsr ‘ooqn‘bg sn ‘hc- Atqd‘tbq‘shb oqdrrtqd sn
rodmc kdc sn hmudrsldmsr l‘cd vhsg hmrtbhdms jmnvkdcfd+
ndm axo‘rrhmf fnudqmldms rsqtbstqdr vhsg khlhsdc qdf‘qc
sn rtrs‘hm‘ahkhsx ‘mc b‘o‘bhsx athkchmf- Cnmnq+ mns @efg‘m+
oqhnqhshdr rds sgd ‘fdmc‘+ vnqrdmhmf qdk‘shnmr adsvddm cn,
mnqr ‘mc sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc adsvddm sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms ‘mc hsr odnokd- Bnqqtoshnm ax @efg‘m fnudqm,
ldms ‘bsnqr nmkx cddodmdc chrsqtrs adsvddm cnmnqr ‘mc
sgd fnudqmldms ‘mc dmbntq‘fdc cnmnqr sn rodmc lnmdx
sgqntfg sghqc o‘qshdr q‘sgdq sg‘m sgqntfg sgd fnudqmldms-
d fnudqmldms g‘r bnlok‘hmdc ‘ants mns adhmf ‘akd sn
g‘ud lnqd bnmsqnk nudq etmchmf hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ bk‘hlhmf
sg‘s cnmnqr ‘qd tmcdqlhmhmf sgd rs‘sd&r ‘ahkhsx sn rds ‘mc
hlokdldms hsr nvm oqhnqhshdr+ ats g‘r cnmd khsskd sn ‘ccqdrr
sgd bnqqtoshnm oqnakdl sg‘s ndm cqhudr sgdrd cdbhrhnmr-
Nmd ne sgd onrhshud kdf‘bhdr ne sgd o‘rs svdmsx xd‘qr g‘r
addm sgd cdudknoldms ne ‘ vdkk,qdf‘qcdc otakhb m‘mbh‘k
l‘m‘fdldms rxrsdl+ vhsg rsqnmf rtoonqs eqnl sgd T-R-
Sqd‘rtqx Cdo‘qsldms- d Lhmhrsqx ne Ehm‘mbd hm o‘qshbtk‘q
g‘r oqnudc hsrdke sn ad ghfgkx bnlodsdms ‘mc qdkh‘akd- hr
g‘r ‘kknvdc sgd fnudqmldms sn hmbqd‘rd hsr nvm qdudmtdr- Hm
1/07+ sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms q‘hrdc 1-1 ahkkhnm ne hsr nvm
qdudmtdr+ 00-2 odqbdms ne FCO+ kdrr sg‘m sgqdd odqbdms‘fd
onhmsr adknv sgd ‘udq‘fd enq nsgdq knv,hmbnld bntmsqhdr- 4
’@r chrbtrrdc adknv+ sghr oqnfqdrr vhkk ad qdudqrdc ctd sn
sgd dbnmnlhb ddbsr ne BNUHC,08(-
Hm sgd o‘rs svn xd‘qr+ sghr rxrsdl g‘r adftm sn dqncd ‘r
sgdrd hmrshstshnmr+ drodbh‘kkx sgd Lhmhrsqx ne Ehm‘mbd ‘mc
sgd @efg‘m bdmsq‘k a‘mj+ g‘ud adbnld hmbqd‘rhmfkx onkhsh,
bhydc- d fnudqmldms g‘r g‘c ‘ knmf,rs‘mchmf oqdedqdmbd
enq cnmnq ‘hc sn ad oqnuhcdc sn hs chqdbskx+ mns‘akx sgqntfg
sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmrsqtbshnm Sqtrs Etmc+ vghbg hr nudq,
rddm ax sgd Vnqkc A‘mj ‘mc g‘r ‘ qdots‘shnm enq hmsdfqhsx-
hr oqdedqdmbd+ gnvdudq+ hr kdrr khjdkx sn ad r‘shrdc he jdx
hmrshstshnmr rtbg ‘r sgd m‘mbd lhmhrsqx ‘mc sgd bdmsq‘k
a‘mj ‘qd rddm sn ad knrhmf sgdhq hmcdodmcdmbd ‘mc b‘o‘bhsx-
Rnld cnmnqr g‘ud ‘bbdcdc sn sghr fnudqmldms oqdedqdmbd-
d ‘qftldmsr enq ‘hc oqnuhcdc chqdbskx sn sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms hmbktcd fqd‘sdq bnrs dbhdmbx+ dmg‘mbdc
dbnmnlhb ltkshokhdq ddbsr+ adssdq ‘khfmldms ne cnmnq bnm,
sqhatshnmr vhsg bnqd fnudqmldms oqhnqhshdr+ ‘mc qdhmenqbdc
fnudqmldms rxrsdlr ’vgdm oqnodqkx rtodquhrdc(-5 Nm sgd
nsgdq g‘mc+ drodbh‘kkx he @efg‘mhrs‘m&r otakhb m‘mbh‘k
l‘m‘fdldms rxrsdlr bnmshmtd sn knrd sgdhq hmcdodmcdmbd
‘mc b‘o‘bhsx+ cnmnq ‘rrhrs‘mbd vhkk ad lnqd khjdkx sn fn
sgqntfg sghqc o‘qshdr- L‘mx cnmnqr oqdedq sghr ‘ooqn‘bg ‘r
hs ‘kknvr sgdl sn l‘hms‘hm fqd‘sdq bnmsqnk nudq sgdhq etmcr
‘mc rtoonqs rdbsnqr sg‘s ‘qd u‘kt‘akd ats lhfgs mns ad rto,
onqsdc ax sgd fnudqmldms ’bhuhk rnbhdsx hm o‘qshbtk‘q(- Hm
l‘mx bntmsqhdr+ sgd kdfhrk‘stqdr sg‘s ‘tsgnqhyd etmchmf ‘krn
g‘ud ‘ rsqnmf oqdedqdmbd enq sghr rnqs ne ‘rrhrs‘mbd-

9hc’ Atcfds’ Ymc Otaihb Dwodmchstqdr

;efg_mhrs_m hr dwsq_nqchm_qhkx cdodmcdms nm _hc) vghbg hm sns_k dwbddcr 7 ahkkhnm odq xd_q) dpthu_kdms sn nudq
3/ odqbdms ne FCO- ;rrhrs_mbd hr oqnuhcdc sgqntfg chdqdms bg_mmdkr- Sgd chdqdms sxodr ne _hc _mc otakhb
dwodmchstqdr _qd cd“mdc adknv ’_mc _qd pt_msh“dc hm sgd a_q bg_qsr) a_rdc nm _u_hk_akd c_s_ enq 1/07(9

z SnsXi otaihb dvodmchstpd hr qntfgkx dudmkx chuhcdc adsvddm sns_k rodmchmf sgqntfg sgd efgXm
fnudpmldms atcfds _mc n•,atcfds rodmchmf etmcdc ax cnmnp Xhc sg_s hr rdo_q_sdkx dwdbtsdc ’ax
cnmnqr _mc sgdhq bnmsq_bsnqr( _mc cndr mns _ood_q hm sgd m_shnm_k atcfds-
– Sns_k otakhb dwodmchstqdr _qd _krn lnqd nq kdrr dudmkx chuhcdc adsvddm rdbtphsx rodmchmf ’mnql_kkx
cd“mdc _r hmbktchmf cdedmrd) onkhbd) hmsdkkhfdmbd) _mc _rrnbh_sdc fnudqmldms nudqrhfgs _fdmbhdr( _mc
bhuhihXm dvodmchstpdr ’_kk sgd qdrs(- ;ksgntfg bhuhkh_m dwodmchstqdr _qd bnmrhcdq_akx ghfgdq _r _ rg_qd ne
FCO sg_m hm lnrs nsgdq bntmsqhdr) rdbtqhsx dwodmchstqdr _qd sgd qd_k ntskhdq”rnld sdm shldr ghfgdq _r
_ rg_qd ne FCO sg_m hm sgd _udq_fd knv,hmbnld bntmsqx-
– Vhsghm atcfds dwodmchstqdr) qntfgkx svn,sghqcr bnmrhrsr ne pdbtppdms rodmchmf ’v_fdr _mc r_k_qhdr)
mnmv_fd nodq_shnmr _mc l_hmsdm_mbd) sq_mredqr) rnld mnmcdudknoldms,qdk_sdc b_ohs_k dwodmchstqdr)
_mc nsgdq btqqdms bnrsr rtbg _r cdas rdquhbd( _mc nmd,sghqc hr l_cd to ne cdudinoldms dvodmchstpdr
’otakhb hmudrsldms oqnidbsr _mc cdudknoldms oqnfq_lr(-_
– Cdudknoldms dwodmchstqdr hm stqm _qd chuhcdc qntfgkx 3/.5/ adsvddm sgd rn,b_kkdc chrbpdshnmXpx
cdudinoldms atcfds ’vghbg bnmrhrsr ne etmcr sg_s sgd ;efg_m fnudqmldms hsrdke b_m eqddkx _kknb_sd
_bqnrr oqnidbsr _mc oqnfq_lr ne hsr bgnnrhmf( _mc sgd mnmchrbpdshnmXpx cdudinoldms atcfds ’bnmrhrs,
hmf ne etmcr d_ql_qjdc enq rodbh“b cnmnq,etmcdc oqnidbsr _mc oqnfq_lr(-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 14

 H A ) : T A F C S) IA OT:EHB CVOCIAHSTPCR [BNISHITCA]

– Nm sgd etmchmf rhcd) efgXm fnudpmldms pdudmtd ’btrsnlr ctshdr _mc eddr) nsgdq s_wdr) _mc mnms_w
qdudmtd( _bbntmsr enq kdrr sg_m _ pt_qsdq ne sns_k qdrntqbdr: nm,atcfds fpXmsr enq _qntmc _ pt_qsdq:
_mc n•,atcfds fpXmsr ’cnlhm_sdc ax rdbtqhsx _rrhrs_mbd( enq nudq g_ke- Nm,atcfds bhuhkh_m _hc hmbktcdr
chrbqdshnm_qx fq_msr ’vghbg gdko etmc sgd qdbtqqdms atcfds _mc chrbqdshnm_qx cdudknoldms atcfds( _mc
mnmchrbqdshnm_qx fq_msr d_ql_qjdc enq rodbh“b oqnidbsr _mc oqnfq_lr-

SnsXk rodmchmf bnlonrhshnm $hm TR ahkkhnmr(

Rdbtqhsx n,atcfds) 2-6 Bhuhkh_m nm,atcfds) 2-4 Bhuhkh_m n,atcfds) 1-. Rdbtqhsx nm,atcfds) 0-7

Rdbtqhsw rodmchmf bnlonrhshnm $hm TR ahkkhnmr(

Nm,atcfds nodq_shnmr _mc l_hmsdm_mbd) .-1

N,atcfds odqrnmmdk) .-5
N,atcfds b_ohs_k) .-7
Nm,atcfds odqrnmmdk) 0-5
N,atcfds nodq_shnmr _mc l_hmsdm_mbd) 1-3

AhuhkhXm rodmchmf bnlonrhshnm $hm TR ahkkhnmr(

N,atcfds gtl_mhs_qh_m oqnfq_lr) .-6

Fnudqmldms,“m_mbdc cdudknoldms oqnidbsr) .-6
Nm,atcfds cnmnq,“m_mbdc cdudknoldms oqnidbsr) 0-.
N,atcfds cnmnq,“m_mbdc cdudknoldms oqnidbsr) 0-2
Fnudqmldms a_rhb qdbtqqdms bnrsr) 0-7

Insd
_- Rnld cdudknoldms oqnidbsr hmbktcd dwodmchstqdr sg_s _qd qdbtqqdms hm m_stqd- ; mns_akd dw_lokd hr sgd cnmnq,etmcdc m_shnm_k
a_rhb otakhb gd_ksg oqnfq_l) vghbg o_xr rtars_msh_k _lntmsr enq gd_ksg vnqjdqr% r_k_qhdr- Hs rgntkc _krn ad mnsdc sg_s sgdqd _qd
drrdmsh_kkx mn nm,atcfds rdbtqhsx cdudknoldms dwodmchstqdr ’sgdrd bnrsr) rtbg _r vd_onmr) _lltmhshnm) _mc a_rd bnmrsqtbshnm)
_qd bnudqdc ax n,atcfds etmchmf(-

AXsX rntpbd- Vnqkc A_mj) |Oqnfq_l Cnbtldms enq _ Oqnonrdc HC; Fq_ms)• 1/1/ Hmbdmshud Oqnfq_l Cdudknoldms Onkhbx Fq_ms
’O061100() ;oqhk 7) 1/1/) 00fl01) gsso9..cnbtldmsr0-vnqkca_mj-nqf.btq_sdc.dm.315580478051401320.oce.;efg_mhrs_m,1/1/,Hmbdmshud
,Oqnfq_l,Cdudknoldms,Onkhbx,Fq_ms,Oqnidbs-oce- TR “ftqdr cdqhudc ax ltkshokxhmf FCO rg_qdr ax FCO ’TR 08-4 ahkkhnm(: sns_k otakhb
dwodmchstqd “ftqd _r _ odqbdms_fd ne FCO _citrsdc sn bnqqdbs enq _m _cchmf,to dqqnq hm sgd rntqbd s_akd- Bhuhkh_m mnmchrbqdshnm_qx
nm,atcfds fq_msr rds dpt_k sn mnmchrbqdshnm_qx cdudknoldms dwodmchstqd) _mc bhuhkh_m chrbqdshnm_qx fq_msr cdqhudc _r _ qdrhct_k-

15 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

Knmf,rs‘mchmf cnmnq eqtrsq‘shnmr vhsg sgd vnqrdmhmf bnqqto,
shnm oqnakdl hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘ud kdc sn ltkshokd ‘ssdlosr sn
bnmchshnm ‘rrhrs‘mbd- Rnld ne sgdrd ‘qd dmb‘ortk‘sdc hm sgd
@efg‘mhrs‘m O‘qsmdqrgho Eq‘ldvnqj sg‘s v‘r ‘fqddc tonm ax
sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc cnmnqr hm Mnudladq 1/1/- hr 6
hr ‘ bnlokdw hrrtd sg‘s vhkk mddc sn ad qduhrhsdc- Hs vhkk adbnld
lnqd bnlokhb‘sdc fhudm sgd T-R- fnudqmldms&r ‘ssdlosr sn
gnkc sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms lnqd ‘bbntms‘akd enq hsr l‘m,
‘fdldms ne ‘hc vghkd ‘krn l‘jhmf bkd‘q hsr rtoonqs enq sgd
fnudqmldms ‘r hs mdfnsh‘sdr vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m- @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
‘hc cdodmcdmbd g‘r ‘krn l‘cd hs dwbddchmfkx utkmdq‘akd
sn ‘hc,hmctbdc dbnmnlhb rgnbjr+ hmbktchmf sgd rhfmhb‘ms
cq‘vcnvm ne hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sqnnor hm 1/03- Hm 1/05+ sgd hm,
sdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx bnllhssdc sn rtoonqshmf sgd @efg‘m
rs‘sd enq ‘m ‘cchshnm‘k entq,xd‘q odqhnc+ ‘ksgntfg ‘s qdctbdc
‘lntmsr- hr oqnuhcdc ‘ mdbdrr‘qx cdfqdd ne oqdchbs‘ahkhsx
‘mc oqdudmsdc ‘ etqsgdq vnqrdmhmf ne sgd dbnmnlx- Cdrohsd
knv kdudkr ne fqnvsg ‘mc ghfg tmdloknxldms+ @efg‘mhrs‘m
vd‘sgdqdc sgd 1/03 rgnbj ‘mc chc mns bnkk‘ord- Adb‘trd lnrs
ne sgd 1/03 cqno hm ‘hc chc mns fqd‘skx ‘dbs enqdhfm rtoonqs
enq bnqd rs‘sd dwodmrdr+ sgd rs‘sd v‘r ‘akd sn vd‘sgdq sgd rb‘k
rgnbj dudm ‘r onudqsx vnqrdmdc ‘mc sgd dbnmnlx qdl‘hmdc
utkmdq‘akd sn onkhshb‘k tmbdqs‘hmsx-
d ddbsr ne BNUHC,08 nm ‘m ‘kqd‘cx onnq ‘mc utkmdq‘,
akd onotk‘shnm ld‘mr sg‘s onudqsx q‘sdr g‘ud qhrdm eqnl 44
odqbdms hm 1/06 ’rdd ftqd 1 nm o‘fd 17( sn ‘r ghfg ‘r 61
odqbdms snc‘x- @s sgd r‘ld shld+ mds cnldrshb qdudmtdr ‘qd
7
dwodbsdc sn e‘kk ax ‘ants 1/ odqbdms hm 1/1/- drd ddbsr+
vghbg cddodm @efg‘mhrs‘m&r cdodmcdmbd nm cnmnqr+ vhkk ad
chbtks sn qdudqrd+ drodbh‘kkx he sgd bnmhbs bnmshmtdr-
Hm shld+ @efg‘m qdudmtdr l‘x ad annrsdc ax d‘qmhmfr eqnl
lhmdq‘k dwsq‘bshnm nq ‘bbdrr sn bnmbdrrhnm‘k kdmchmf+ ats
sgdrd ‘qd tmkhjdkx sn ad l‘inq e‘bsnqr hm sgd mdws ud xd‘qr-
'Mnmsq‘chshnm‘k• cnmnqr hm sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m bnmsdws hmbktcd
Bghm‘+ Hq‘m+ Hmch‘+ O‘jhrs‘m+ ‘mc sgd Ftke Rs‘sdr- Mnmd g‘r
rgnvm ‘m hmbkhm‘shnm sn l‘jd rhfmhb‘ms ‘cchshnm‘k bnmsqh,
atshnmr: he sgdx vdqd sn cn rn+ sgnrd ‘cchshnm‘k etmcr vntkc
khjdkx bnld hm sgd enql ne rtoonqs enq ods oqnidbsr q‘sgdq
sg‘m rtoonqs sn sgd rs‘sd ‘mc m‘shnm‘k atcfds- hr ld‘mr
sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk bnmshmtd sn qdkx enq rnld shld nm hsr
btqqdms cnmnqr- Rshkk+ sgd qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx sg‘s
sgd Rstcx Fqnto qdbnlldmcr b‘m ‘mc rgntkc ad khmjdc
sn rgnqs, ‘mc knmf,sdql cdudknoldms ok‘mmhmf+ hmbktchmf
rddjhmf ‘cchshnm‘k rtoonqs eqnl bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm
sg‘s g‘ud rn e‘q mns addm rhfmhb‘ms oqnuhcdqr ne ‘hc-
Dtqnod g‘r ‘ rsqnmf hmsdqdrs hm onkhshb‘k rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+
fhudm hsr dwonrtqd sn ihg‘chrs mdsvnqjr+ o‘qshbtk‘qkx Hrk‘lhb
Rs‘sd+ ‘r vdkk ‘r m‘qbnshbr nvr ‘mc cnldrshb onkhshb‘k bnmbdqmr
‘ants lhfq‘shnm- Bnmshmthmf ‘rrhrs‘mbd eqnl sgd Dtqnod‘m
Tmhnm ‘mc hsr ldladqr+ vghbg hr ‘klnrs cntakd T-R- bnm,
sqhatshnmr hm sgd bhuhkh‘m rogdqd+ b‘m ad dwodbsdc fhudm sgd
ltkshxd‘q bnllhsldmsr l‘cd ‘s sgd Fdmdu‘ cnmnqr lddshmf
sg‘s bnmudmdc rhwsx,rhw bntmsqhdr ‘mc sghqsx,svn hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
nqf‘mhy‘shnmr hm Mnudladq 1/1/- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc ‘
mtladq ne nsgdq cnmnqr+ gnvdudq+ l‘cd rhmfkd,xd‘q bnllhs,
ldmsr+ bnmchshnmhmf onrs,1/10 etmchmf cdbhrhnmr nm oqnfqdrr
hm sgd od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc nm qdronmrhakd rsdv‘qcrgho ne
1/10 etmchmf-8 @s Fdmdu‘+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr okdcfdc 2//
lhkkhnm ‘mc l‘cd ‘mnsgdq 2// lhkkhnm ‘u‘hk‘akd bnmshmfdms
nm oqnfqdrr hm sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr: sghr v‘r ‘ qdk‘shudkx lnc,
drs bnllhsldms ‘mc bnlo‘qdr vhsg chratqrdldmsr ne nudq
8// lhkkhnm hm 1/07 ’vghbg qdoqdrdmsdc ‘ants ‘ pt‘qsdq ne
chratqrdldmsr ax ‘kk cnmnqr hm sgd bhuhkh‘m rogdqd sg‘s xd‘q(-
Hm sgd dudms ne ‘m ‘fqddldms adsvddm sgd @efg‘m o‘qshdr
sn sgd bnmhbs+ ‘ 'od‘bd chuhcdmc• hm sgd enql ne ‘cchshnm‘k
‘hc l‘x hmbdmshuhyd sgdl sn tognkc sgdhq bnllhsldmsr
sn lnud enqv‘qc snfdsgdq- d bqd‘shnm ne ‘m ‘ooqnoqh‘sd
o‘bj‘fd vntkc admds eqnl d‘qkx ok‘mmhmf ‘mc bnnqchm‘,
shnm ‘bqnrr sgd qdkdu‘ms q‘mfd ne T-R- fnudqmldms ‘fdmbhdr+
‘knmf vhsg nsgdq cnmnq bntmsqhdr ‘mc nqf‘mhy‘shnmr-
Hm sgd knmfdq sdql+ @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r sgqdd ‘qd‘r ne qd‘k on,
sdmsh‘k enq etstqd dbnmnlhb fqnvsg9 ‘fqhbtkstqd+ lhmdq‘kr+
‘mc sq‘mrhs sq‘cd- @s oqdrdms+ ‘r cdrbqhadc hm sgd anw 'd
Noh‘sd Dbnmnlx• ’rdd o‘fd 18(+ ‘fqhbtkstqd hr cnlhm‘sdc+
hm sdqlr ne dbnmnlhb u‘ktd+ ax onoox btkshu‘shnm- L‘mx
dnqsr g‘ud addm l‘cd sn oqnlnsd ghfg,u‘ktd bqnor sg‘s
bntkc oqnuhcd ‘m ‘ksdqm‘shud sn onoox btkshu‘shnm+ sn dwsdmc
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 16
 EHFTPC 1,

9efgYm Onudqsx PYsdr’ 1,,6y7’ 1,00y01’ Ymc 1,05y06

5/$ 48
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1..6fi7 1.00fi01 1.05fi06

Rntpbdr- Qdcq_vm eqnl R_l Fnkkna _mc Lhbg_dk D- N%G_mknm) |;efg_mhrs_m Hmcdw9 Sq_bjhmf U_qh_akdr ne Qdbnmrsqtbshnm _mc Rdbtqhsx hm
Onrs,8.00 ;efg_mhrs_m)• Enqdhfm Onkhbx _s Aqnnjhmfr ’Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm) ;tftrs 1/1/() 16- Sgd Aqnnjhmfr qdonqs trdr c_s_ eqnl sgd
;efg_mhrs_m Khuhmf Bnmchshnmr Rtqudx) _ inhms rtqudx ax sgd Dtqnod_m Tmhnm _mc ;efg_mhrs_m%r Bdmsq_k Rs_shrshbr Nqf_mhy_shnm: rdd
gssor9..brn,ne,_efg_mhrs_m-rghmx_oor-hn.;KBRYC_rgan_qc-

bqdchs sn qtq‘k gntrdgnkcr+ ‘mc sn cdudkno hmeq‘rsqtbstqd-
Enq sgd lnrs o‘qs+ sgdrd g‘ud oqnudc tmrtrs‘hm‘akd nq
hmrtbhdms- Rhfmhb‘ms ‘fqhbtkstq‘k fqnvsg hr onrrhakd ats
vhkk qdpthqd l‘inq cnmnq hmudrsldmsr hm hqqhf‘shnm ‘mc
lnqd ddbshud v‘sdq l‘m‘fdldms- Dwsq‘bshudr+ ‘ksgntfg
sgdx gnkc ltbg oqnlhrd nudq shld+ vhkk mns aqhmf rta,
rs‘msh‘k qdudmtdr hm sgd rgnqs sdql- Lnrs l‘inq oqnidbsr
g‘ud ‘ ud,sn,sdm,xd‘q kd‘c shld ‘mc vhkk qdpthqd cq‘l‘shb
hloqnudldmsr hm rdbtqhsx ‘mc ‘ lnqd hmudrsnq,eqhdmckx
qdftk‘snqx dmuhqnmldms- d r‘ld hr sqtd enq ‘mx sq‘mrenq,
l‘shud dnqsr nm sq‘mrhs,sq‘cd cdudknoldms-
Hm sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr+ rdudq‘k k‘qfd atrhmdrrdr g‘ud dldqfdc
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ etdkdc ax sgd gtfd ‘hc hmnvr- Ats ‘ onnq
qdftk‘snqx eq‘ldvnqj+ vd‘j qtkd ne k‘v+ ‘mc k‘bj ne uhrhnm
enq sgd bnmsqhatshnmr ne sgd oqhu‘sd rdbsnq g‘ud oqdudmsdc
atrhmdrr kd‘cdqr eqnl l‘jhmf lnqd rtars‘mshud ‘mc oqnctb,
shud hmudrsldmsr- d nmfnhmf k‘bj ne rdbtqhsx v‘r oqna‘akx
sgd cnlhm‘ms e‘bsnq hm sgd k‘bj ne oqhu‘sd rdbsnq hmudrsldms-
Mnmdsgdkdrr+ sdmr ne ahkkhnmr ne cnkk‘qr hm oqhu‘sd b‘ohs‘k ‘qd
gdkc ax @efg‘mr ntsrhcd ne sgd bntmsqx- Cdrohsd sgd chrsnq,
shnmr ‘mc lhr‘khfmdc hmbdmshudr sg‘s bg‘q‘bsdqhyd dbnmnlhdr
vq‘bjdc ax hmrs‘ahkhsx ‘mc uhnkdmbd+ lnqd bntkc g‘ud addm
cnmd sn lnahkhyd oqhu‘sd rdbsnq ‘bshuhshdr sg‘s oqnuhcd dloknx,
ldms+ bqd‘sd ‘ ltkshokhdq ddbs+ ‘mc qdctbd sgd cdodmcdmbd
nm cnmnqr- Hm sgd ldchtl sn knmf sdql+ ‘ vdkk,fnudqmdc
@efg‘m rs‘sd b‘m ad dwodbsdc sn otqrtd fqnvsg rsq‘sdfhdr sg‘s
vhkk cdudkno ‘kk ne sgd ‘anud,ldmshnmdc noonqstmhshdr-

17 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

Sgd MohYsd Dbnmnlx

;efg_mhrs_m qdl_hmr sgd vnqkc%r k_qfdrs rtookhdq ne hkkdf_k noh_sdr- Nohtl hr nmd ne sgd edv qdkh_akd b_rg
bqnor sg_s ;efg_m e_qldqr b_m fqnv- ;r _ mnmodqhrg_akd) knv,vdhfgs) ghfg,u_ktd rtars_mbd) hs hr _krn _ rsnqd
ne u_ktd) l_jhmf hs o_qshbtk_qkx _ssq_bshud ctqhmf shldr ne tmbdqs_hmsx- Sgd bqno fdmdq_sdr adsvddm 0-4 ahk,
khnm _mc 2 ahkkhnm odq xd_q _s e_ql f_sd) cdodmchmf nm sgd l_qjds oqhbd) bkhl_sd) xhdkcr) bqno chrd_rdr) _mc
nsgdq e_bsnqr- Hm sgd o_rs svn cdb_cdr) hs g_r _kv_xr addm sgd bntmsqx%r kd_chmf b_rg,fdmdq_shmf _bshuhsx- Hm
1/06) onoox btkshu_shnm oqnuhcdc to sn 48/)/// etkk,shld,dpthu_kdms inar”lnqd sg_m sgd mtladq ne odnokd
dloknxdc ax sgd ;MCRE-_ Sgd drshl_sdc u_ktd ne sgd noh_sd dbnmnlx dwbddcdc ;efg_mhrs_m%r n—bh_kkx qd,
bnqcdc khbhs dwonqsr ne fnncr _mc rdquhbdr- Knb_k onvdqaqnjdqr _mc m_shnm_k onkhshb_k _bsnqr admd“s fqd_skx
eqnl sghr dbnmnlx-

Btqqdmskx) ;efg_mhrs_m _bbntmsr enq nmkx _ants 04 odqbdms ne gdqnhm sq_—bjdc hm sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr) ats hs
qdoqdrdmsr _ rhfmh“b_mskx k_qfdq odqbdms_fd hm Dtqnod _mc bnmsqhatsdr sn sgd fkna_k oqnakdl ne sq_mrm_shnm,
_k bqhlhm_k mdsvnqjr-

Onoox btkshu_shnm g_r fdmdq_sdc ansg onrhshud _mc mdf_shud ddbsr enq sgd ;efg_m onotk_shnm- ;r _ fdmdq_,
snq ne b_rg enq sgd qtq_k onotk_shnm) hs g_r _kknvdc enq hmudrsldmsr hm _fqhbtkstqd sg_s g_ud g_c _ sq_mrenql_,
shud ddbs nm o_qsr ne sgd qtq_k dmuhqnmldms- Rnk_q o_mdkr _mc dkdbsqhb otlor g_ud hmbqd_rdc sgd _lntms ne
btkshu_sdc k_mc- Sgd hkkhbhs qdstqmr) gnvdudq) g_ud _krn bnmsqhatsdc sn sgd gtfd fnudqmldms bnqqtoshnm sg_s
g_r tmcdqlhmdc rs_sdathkchmf hm ;efg_mhrs_m- Cqtf qdudmtd _krn “m_mbdr sgd S_kha_m- Wds _mnsgdq mdf_shud
bnmrdptdmbd ne onoox btkshu_shnm hr sgd fqnvhmf oqnakdl ne cqtf _cchbshnm _lnmf ;efg_mhrs_m%r _kqd_cx
utkmdq_akd onotk_shnm-

Sgd _ssq_bshudmdrr ne sgd bqno sn ;efg_m e_qldqr _mc sgd hlldmrd cdl_mc enq gdqnhm hm sgd qdrs ne sgd
vnqkc g_ud bnmentmcdc sgd l_mx dnqsr sn _ccqdrr sghr oqnakdl) hmbktchmf dq_chb_shnm) hmsdqchbshnm) _ksdq,
m_shud bqnor) “m_mbh_k hmbdmshudr fhudm sn fnudqmnqr vgn _qd _akd sn cdlnmrsq_sd qdctbdc onoox btkshu_,
shnm hm sgdhq oqnuhmbdr) _mc anlahmf ax T-R- _hq _rrdsr ne lnahkd gdqnhm qd“mdqhdr-

He _ od_bd _fqddldms hr qd_bgdc) _ v_x vhkk mddc sn ad entmc sn qdrsnqd sgd qtkd ne k_v _mc qdctbd hkkhbhs
nohtl oqnctbshnm vhsgnts hmfihbshmf cdu_rs_shmf dbnmnlhb g_qcrgho nm _ onotk_shnm sg_s) enq ghrsnqhb qd_,
rnmr) g_r fqnvm sn cdodmc nm sghr tmcdqfqntmc dbnmnlx-

Insd
_- Rodbh_k Hmrodbsnq Fdmdq_k enq ;efg_mhrs_m Qdbnmrsqtbshnm) BntmscpmUpanshar9 Ecrrnmr epnl sgc T R Cuocphcmac hm :efgUmhrsUm
’;qkhmfsnm) U;9 Itmd 1/07() 4) vvv-rhf_q-lhk.oce.kdrrnmrkd_qmdc.RHF;Q,07,41,KK-oce-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 18

 d etstqd vhkkhmfmdrr ne sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx sn
rtrs‘hm sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd vhkk cdodmc nm sgd m‘stqd ne sgd
rs‘sd sgdx ‘qd adhmf ‘rjdc sn m‘mbh‘kkx rtrs‘hm- Rgntkc
sgd fnudqmldms bnkk‘ord nq rgntkc sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr vhsg
sgd S‘kha‘m kd‘c sn ‘ onkhshb‘k nqcdq sg‘s cnmnqr b‘mmns
rtoonqs+ sgd kdudkr ne ‘hc rddm nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr
vhkk e‘kk cq‘l‘shb‘kkx- Qdrhct‘k etmchmf vntkc lnrs khjdkx
ad enbtrdc nm gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ ‘mc sgd onrhshud
ddbsr eqnl o‘rs hmudrsldmsr hm hmrshstshnm athkchmf vntkc
enq sgd lnrs o‘qs chr‘ood‘q+ vhsg chqd dbnmnlhb ‘mc rnbh‘k
bnmrdptdmbdr- Cnmnq etmchmf hr sgd drrdmsh‘k fktd sg‘s
gnkcr sgd btqqdms @efg‘m rs‘sd snfdsgdq+ ‘mc ‘mx ‘aqtos+
tmok‘mmdc ‘hc qdctbshnmr vntkc qdrtks hm dudm ghfgdq
kdudkr ne onudqsx ‘mc hllhrdq‘shnmr”‘r vdkk ‘r ‘ knrr
ne sgd bnmrhcdq‘akd f‘hmr hm otakhb gd‘ksg ‘mc dctb‘shnm
l‘cd nudq sgd o‘rs svdmsx xd‘qr- Nm sgd lnqd onrhshud
rhcd+ rl‘qsdq+ adssdq,s‘qfdsdc T-R- ‘rrhrs‘mbd b‘m l‘jd ‘
l‘inq bnmsqhatshnm sn ansg qd‘bghmf ‘mc rtrs‘hmhmf ‘ r‘s,
hre‘bsnqx od‘bd ‘fqddldms ‘mc b‘m ankrsdq @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
‘ahkhsx sn vhsgrs‘mc etstqd rgnbjr-
Onkhshbr Wmc sgd RsWsd
Ax adbnlhmf sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd&r khedkhmd+ sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
bnlltmhsx g‘r o‘q‘cnwhb‘kkx tmcdqlhmdc hsr naidbshud ne
dm‘akhmf ‘m ddbshud rnbh‘k bnlo‘bs adsvddm sgd fnudqm,
ldms ‘mc hsr bhshydmr- Hmrsd‘c+ ‘r dudqx @efg‘m oqdrhcdmsh‘k
dkdbshnm rhmbd 1//3 g‘r rgnvm+ sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnllt,
mhsx+ ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hm o‘qshbtk‘q+ g‘ud adbnld
l‘inq+ ‘kadhs ndm hmddbshud+ knb‘k onkhshb‘k ‘bsnqr- hr
hr mns sn adkhsskd sgd rhfmhb‘ms dnqsr ax @efg‘mr ‘mc sgd
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx sn athkc rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr ‘mc
bqd‘sd cdlnbq‘shb ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx- Ltbg oqnfqdrr g‘r addm
l‘cd+ o‘qshbtk‘qkx vgdm nmd bnmrhcdqr sgd bnmchshnmr hm
1//0 ‘mc sgd e‘bs sg‘s onrs,bnmhbs rs‘sdathkchmf s‘jdr
shld tmcdq sgd adrs ne bhqbtlrs‘mbdr-
Vghkd l‘mx @ldqhb‘mr ‘rrnbh‘sd @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsg
tmfnudqm‘ahkhsx ‘mc sqha‘khrl+ sgd bntmsqx g‘r ‘ knmf
ghrsnqx ne rnudqdhfm m‘shnm rs‘sdgnnc ‘mc+ hmcddc+ ne bnm,
rshstshnm‘k qtkd ’rdd sgd anw '@efg‘mhrs‘m&r Cdlnbq‘shb
2, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Kdf‘bx• nm o‘fd 20(- d bntmsqx&r onkhshbr”bnmsdmshntr
‘r sgdx g‘ud addm”g‘ud mdudq hmunkudc ‘m dnqs ax ‘mx
fqnto nq qdfhnm sn rdbdcd- Enq ‘kk ne hsr chudqrhsx+ sgdqd
hr ‘ rsqnmf rdmrd ne '@efg‘m• hcdmshsx: dudm sgd S‘kha‘m
‘ssdlos sn eq‘ld sgdhq lnudldms hm hmbktrhud ‘mc m‘,
shnm‘khrshb sdqlr- d uhnkdmbd ne sgd o‘rs entq cdb‘cdr
‘mc sgd utkmdq‘ahkhshdr ne sgd btqqdms nqcdq rgntkc mns
narbtqd sgd bntmsqx&r onkhshb‘k ghrsnqx ne hmrshstshnm‘khydc
bgdbjr ‘mc a‘k‘mbdr+ qhfgsr oqnsdbshnm+ ‘mc onkhshb‘k
o‘qshbho‘shnm- Rhmbd sgd 081/r+ qdfhldr hm J‘atk g‘ud
l‘hms‘hmdc+ qduhrdc+ ‘mc qdhmudmsdc ‘ bnmrshstshnm‘k
lncdk ne fnudqm‘mbd vghkd dlog‘rhyhmf sgd Hrk‘lhb
bg‘q‘bsdq ne sgd rs‘sd- Hm sg‘s rdmrd+ sgd qdrsnq‘shnm ne ‘
qdotakhb‘m enql ne fnudqmldms hm 1//0 ‘dq sgd S‘kha‘m&r
sns‘khs‘qh‘m dlhq‘sd ld‘ms ‘ qdstqm sn ‘ mtladq ne sgd
hmrshstshnm‘k cdrhfmr ‘mc g‘ahsr ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r onkhshb‘k
o‘rs q‘sgdq sg‘m sgd hlonrhshnm ne ‘ enqdhfm lncdk ne qtkd-
d 1//3 bnmrshstshnm drs‘akhrgdc ‘ eq‘ldvnqj enq sgd
dwdqbhrd ne onvdq ‘mc ‘ entmc‘shnm enq onkhshb‘k kdfhshl‘,
bx- Hs k‘hc nts sgd fnudqmldms&r hmrshstshnm‘k ‘qbghsdbstqd+
itqhroqtcdmsh‘k a‘rhr+ ‘mc sgd rds ne qhfgsr ‘mc qdronm,
rhahkhshdr ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg bhshydmrgho- Hs ‘ssdlosdc sn
qdcdmd @efg‘m bhshydmrgho ‘mc sn bqd‘sd ‘ khmj adsvddm
o‘qshbho‘shnm+ qdoqdrdms‘shnm+ kdfhshl‘bx+ ‘mc rs‘ahkhsx-
Vnldm&r dpt‘khsx v‘r dmrgqhmdc+ vghkd dsgmhb lhmnqhshdr+
l‘mx ne vghbg g‘c addm l‘qfhm‘khydc hm m‘shnm‘k onkhshbr
tmshk sgdm+ qdbdhudc qdbnfmhshnm- d rs‘sd cdbk‘qdc hsr
ldladqrgho hm sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx eqnl vghbg
hs g‘c addm k‘qfdkx qdlnudc ctqhmf sgd c‘qj odqhncr ne
bhuhk v‘q ‘mc S‘kha‘m qtkd- d bnmrshstshnm ‘kknvdc enq
sgd onkhshb‘k ‘bbnllnc‘shnm ne sgd bntmsqx&r dkhsdr+ vgn
lhfgs nsgdqvhrd g‘ud qdl‘hmdc nm sgd a‘sskddkc-
Gnvdudq+ sgd mdv fnudqmhmf ‘qbghsdbstqd ‘krn dm‘akdc ‘m
dkhsd nqhdms‘shnm snv‘qc rdke,‘ffq‘mchydldms+ o‘qnbgh‘k,
hrl+ ‘mc aqhmjrl‘mrgho sg‘s g‘r g‘c cdkdsdqhntr ddbsr
nm sgd vnqj ne jdx hmrshstshnmr ‘mc rdbsnqr sn sghr c‘x-
L‘mx @efg‘mr ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k nardqudqr gnodc sg‘s
bnmrshstshnm‘k qtkdr ‘mc mnqlr vntkc fq‘ct‘kkx sq‘mrenql
sgd adg‘uhnq ne sgdrd ‘bsnqr- Hmrsd‘c+ sgd k‘qfd ‘lntmsr ne
9efgYmhrsYm r BdlnbqYshb FdfYbx

L_mx ;ldqhb_mr l_x mns _rrnbh_sd ;efg_mhrs_m vhsg _ knmf sq_chshnm ne o_qshbho_snqx onkhshbr _mc qnatrs bhuhb
dmf_fdldms) ats sgd rs_sd,rnbhdsx qdk_shnmrgho g_r bnmrhrsdmskx addm l_qjdc ax ansg- Enq bdmstqhdr) knb_k)
sqha_k) _mc qdkhfhntr bntmbhkr _mc _rrdlakhdr g_ud bnmudmdc sn dm_akd onotk_q o_qshbho_shnm _mc sgd rnbh_k
kdfhshl_shnm ne fnudqmhmf qdfhldr _mc sgdhq onkhbhdr- EnxU ihpfUr) nq fq_mc _rrdlakhdr) _qd rddm _r sgd ghfgdrs
dwoqdrrhnm ne m_shnm_k rnudqdhfmsx _mc cdqhud sgdhq kdfhshl_bx eqnl knb_k odqbdoshnmr ne sgdhq hmbktrhudmdrr-

Mdudq bnknmhydc) ;efg_mhrs_m ok_bdc bnmrsq_hmsr nm hsr lnm_qbgx rs_qshmf hm 0812) hm nmd ne sgd Hrk_lhb vnqkc%r
d_qkhdrs vqhssdm bnmrshstshnmr- Sgd 0853 bnmrshstshnm drs_akhrgdc _m dkdbsdc o_qkh_ldms _r o_qs ne sgd lnm_q,
bgx%r cdkhadq_sd _ssdlos sn cdlnbq_shyd- Rddm sgqntfg sghr ghrsnqhb_k kdmr) sgd btqqdms cdlnbq_shb qdotakhb hr
mns _ Vdrsdqm hlonrhshnm) _r sgd S_kha_m _mc rnld Vdrsdqm nardqudqr bk_hl) ats q_sgdq _ m_stq_k dunktshnm ne
;efg_mhrs_m%r onkhshb_k ghrsnqx- Rhmbd 1//0) ;efg_mhrs_m%r dkdbsdc o_qkh_ldms _mc oqnuhmbh_k bntmbhkr g_ud _krn
dmrtqdc sg_s fnudqmldms hmrshstshnmr qdbnfmhyd) _s kd_rs hm o_qs) sgd vhkk ne sgd odnokd sgdx fnudqm-

Sgd ;efg_mr vgn lds sn cduhrd _ mdv onkhshb_k nqcdq hm Anmm hm 1//0) a_bjdc ax sgd hmsdqm_shnm_k bnlltmhsx) nos,
dc enq _ cdlnbq_shb rxrsdl) b_kbtk_shmf sg_s hmbktrhud fnudqm_mbd vntkc oqnud lnqd rs_akd sg_m oqhnq cdb_cdr ne
bnlltmhrs) v_qknqc) _mc sgdnbq_shb qtkd- Sgd mddc sn gnkc dkdbshnmr g_c addm _ bnmrhrsdms ed_stqd ne ;efg_m oqn,
onr_kr sn dmc sgdhq bhuhk v_q hm sgd 088/r- Snc_x) sgd bntmsqx%r cdlnbq_shb hmrshstshnmr _mc oqnbdrrdr qdl_hm eq_fhkd
_mc eq_tfgs) ats sgd mnqlr ne onkhshb_k o_qshbho_shnm) qhfgsr oqnsdbshnm) rohqhsdc cda_sd) _mc eqdd ldch_ _qd qnatrs
_mc g_ud bqd_sdc mdv ro_bdr enq vnldm) lhmnqhshdr) _mc xntmf odnokd sn sgqhud sn _m tmoqdbdcdmsdc cdfqdd-

Sgd fi_vr hm ;efg_mhrs_m%r dkdbshnmr ltrs ad _bjmnvkdcfdc- Bnqqtoshnm) eq_tc) _mc lhrl_m_fdldms g_ud
tmcdqlhmdc odnokd%r bnm“cdmbd hm dkdbsnq_k hmrshstshnmr- Wds) _ksgntfg qdbdms dkdbshnmr g_ud oqnunjdc onkhshb_k
bqhrdr) mnmd drb_k_sdc hmsn _ uhnkdms bk_rg- Dkhsd _bbnllnc_shnmr vdqd _bghdudc hm _kk b_rdr) _mc) vhsg T-R- cho,
knl_shb hmsdqudmshnm) sgd bntmsqx vhsmdrrdc sgd “qrs cdlnbq_shb _mc bnmrshstshnm_k sq_mrhshnm ne onvdq hm 1/03-

;m dmc sn sgd hmrtqfdmbx vntkc) hm _mc ne hsrdke) dmg_mbd ;efg_mhrs_m%r cdlnbq_bx- Hmrdbtqhsx g_r addm _
l_inq _adssnq ne eq_tc) rn hloqnuhmf rdbtqhsx vntkc l_jd dkdbshnmr e_hqdq- Etqsgdqlnqd) _ksgntfg sgd S_kha_m
g_ud dwoqdrrdc rjdoshbhrl snv_qc cdlnbq_bx) _mx od_bd _fqddldms rgntkc rddj sn qds_hm hs) mns kd_rs
adb_trd 61-4 odqbdms ne ;efg_mr qdbdmskx rtqudxdc v_ms sn jddo sgd btqqdms rxrsdl-_

; fnudqmldms sg_s g_r sgd bnmrdms ne _ l_inqhsx ne _ bntmsqx%r odnokd hr lnqd khjdkx sn ad _ rs_akd rdbtqhsx o_qsmdq
enq sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr sg_m hr _m _tsnbq_shb fnudqmldms- Hm sg_s rdmrd) _ rtrs_hmdc T-R- onkhshb_k _mc choknl_shb bnl,
lhsldms sn sgd cdlnbq_shb chuhcdmcr f_hmdc nudq sgd k_rs rdudmsddm xd_qr hr khjdkx sn o_x n- L_mx bnloqnlhrdr
vhkk mddc sn ad l_cd _s sgd mdfnsh_shmf s_akd) ats ;efg_mhrs_m%r cdlnbq_shb rxrsdl rgntkc mns ad nmd ne sgdl-

Insd
_- Nqf_mhy_shnm enq Rnbh_k Qdrd_qbg _mc ;m_kxrhr) |Rtqudx ne sgd ;efg_m Odnokd nm sgd Hmsq_,;efg_m Od_bd Mdfnsh_shnmr)• ;tftrs
1/1/) 14) vvv-nrq_-_e.vo,bnmsdms.tokn_cr.1/1/./7.od_bds_kjrYqdonqs-oce-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 20

 cnmnq lnmdx bqd‘sdc ‘ chdqdms rds ne hmbdmshudr- Rs‘sd hm,
rshstshnmr rdqudc ‘r rntqbdr ne hmchuhct‘k o‘sqnm‘fd q‘sgdq
sg‘m ‘ ld‘mr ne ‘cu‘mbhmf @efg‘mhrs‘m&r m‘shnm‘k hmsdq,
drsr- Enq sghr qd‘rnm+ athkchmf sgd qtkd ne k‘v v‘r hmhsh‘kkx
rddm ‘r ‘ bdmsq‘k bnlonmdms ne sgd oqnbdrr ne cdudknohmf
fnnc fnudqm‘mbd ats+ ‘dq gtmcqdcr ne lhkkhnmr ne cnkk‘qr
ne hmudrsldms+ kdf‘k hmrshstshnmr g‘ud dm‘akdc bnqqtoshnm
q‘sgdq sg‘m enrsdqdc itrshbd- Dkdbshnmr oqnudc odqg‘or sgd
lnrs chr‘oonhmshmf ‘qd‘ ne ‘kk+ adbnlhmf ‘qdm‘r enq dkhsd
mdfnsh‘shnm adrlhqbgdc ax ‘bbtr‘shnmr ne eq‘tc- Ghfg,
kdudk T-R- hmsdqudmshnm dm‘akdc sgd od‘bdetk qdrnktshnm ne
dkdbsnq‘k bqhrdr+ ‘r sgd @ldqhb‘mr ots onsdmsh‘k ronhkdqr nm
mnshbd ‘ants sgd bnmrdptdmbdr ne drb‘k‘shnm+ ats vhsgnts
sgdrd dnqsr+ od‘bdetk sq‘mredqr ne onvdq sgqntfg sgd
a‘kkns anw vdqd e‘q eqnl ‘rrtqdc-
d fnudqmldms&r rsqtffkd sn bnmsqnk sgd bntmsqx hr o‘q,
shbtk‘qkx rsqhjhmf fhudm sg‘s hs g‘r nmd ne sgd vnqkc&r lnrs
bdmsq‘khydc bnmrshstshnmr- hr hmrshstshnm‘k cdrhfm+ c‘shmf
a‘bj sn sgd mhmdsddmsg bdmstqx+ v‘r hmsdmcdc enq ‘ rs‘sd
vhsg udqx khlhsdc etmbshnmr- Vghkd rtars‘msh‘k cdunktshnm
ne onvdq bntkc bqd‘sd mdv qhrjr ne onkhshb‘k eq‘bstqd+ fqd‘s,
dq hmtdmbd nm sgd o‘qs ne oqnuhmbh‘k, ‘mc chrsqhbs,kdudk
‘tsgnqhshdr bntkc ‘krn dmbntq‘fd lnqd qdoqdrdms‘shud ‘mc
qdronmrhud knb‘k fnudqm‘mbd ‘mc vntkc adssdq qddbs ‘bst,
‘k o‘ssdqmr ne onvdq- Ats sgd 1//3 bnmrshstshnm+ ‘ k‘mcl‘qj
cnbtldms hm l‘mx v‘xr+ g‘r mns nodq‘sdc ‘r sgd jhmc ne
khuhmf cnbtldms qdpthqdc sn qdronmc sn sgd sq‘mrenql‘,
shud ‘mc stqatkdms cdudknoldmsr ne sgd o‘rs rdudmsddm
xd‘qr- Hmrsd‘c+ hsr qhfhc rsqtbstqd l‘hms‘hmr sgd odqrhrsdms
onk‘qhy‘shnm ne dkhsdr+ ‘ rsd‘cx qgxsgl ne onkhshb‘k bqhrdr+
‘mc sgd sgqd‘s ne uhnkdmbd eqnl hmrhcd sgd qdotakhb+ o‘qshb,
tk‘qkx ‘qntmc d‘bg dkdbsnq‘k bxbkd- hr odqodst‘k sdmrhnm
ld‘mr sg‘s+ cdrohsd vhcdroqd‘c dkhsd bnllhsldms sn sgd
qdotakhb&r oqdrdqu‘shnm+ sgd fnudqmldms bnmrhrsr ne aqhsskd
bn‘khshnmr sg‘s ‘qd kdrr qnatrs sg‘m sgdx rgntkc ad hm sgd
e‘bd ne ‘ q‘fhmf hmrtqfdmbx-
Btqqdmskx+ sgd lnrs bnmrdptdmsh‘k onkhshb‘k oqnbdrr enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m hr sgd nmfnhmf mdfnsh‘shnm adsvddm sgd
S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd fnudqmldms&r qdoqdrdms‘shudr hm P‘s‘q-
21 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
dhq bg‘kkdmfd vhkk ad sn ‘fqdd nm ‘ rs‘sd rsqtbstqd vgdqd
chdqdmbdr b‘m ad qdrnkudc vhsgnts uhnkdmbd ‘mc+ tksh,
l‘sdkx+ vgdqdax sgd rs‘sd b‘m rtrs‘hm hsrdke- Ld‘mvghkd+
sgd cdrhqd ‘lnmf @efg‘mr enq o‘qshbho‘snqx fnudqm‘mbd hr
rdke,duhcdms- Hm dkdbshnm ‘dq dkdbshnm rhmbd 1//3+ lhkkhnmr
g‘ud+ ‘s lnqs‘k qhrj+ b‘rs sgdhq a‘kknsr- nrd chr‘oonhmsdc
vhsg sgd ntsbnld inhmdc bgnqtrdr ne onotk‘q chrbnmsdms+
dwoqdrrhnmr ne chrrdms sg‘s qddbs sgd adrs ne sgd bntmsqx&r
bnmsdmshntr onkhshbr ‘mc rdqud ‘r ‘ s‘mfhakd+ he lncdrs+
bgdbj nm sgd hlotkrd ne kd‘cdqr hmbkhmdc sn bnmetrd
oqdrdqu‘shnm ne sgdhq nvm onvdq vhsg ‘ bnllhsldms sn
cdedmchmf sgd rs‘sd- @r hlonqs‘mskx+ @efg‘mr g‘ud cddokx
gdkc sq‘chshnmr ne onotk‘q bnmrtks‘shnm+ bnmhbs l‘m‘fd,
ldms+ ‘mc onkhshb‘k kdfhshl‘shnm sg‘s dwhrsdc knmf adenqd
dkdbsnq‘k onkhshbr adb‘ld sgd mnql- Btrsnl‘qx oq‘bshbdr
‘mc sgd rnbh‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg sgdl l‘x vdkk
ad o‘qs ne ‘ bqdchakd fnudqmhmf enqltk‘ hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Oqnbdrrdr ‘mc hmrshstshnmr sg‘s ‘qd knb‘kkx ‘mbgnqdc ‘mc
rtrs‘hm‘akx l‘hms‘hmdc vhkk ad lnrs khjdkx sn rtbbddc ‘r
sgd bntmsqx dmsdqr sghr mdv bg‘osdq ne rs‘sdathkchmf-
@r hs cq‘vr cnvm hsr lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd ‘mc qdctbdr sgd
rhyd ne hsr ‘hc ennsoqhms+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qdl‘hmr ‘
rhfmhb‘ms ‘bsnq vhsghm sghr bnlokdw @efg‘m onkhshb‘k
k‘mcrb‘od- ‘s r‘hc+ dudm vgdm hs cdoknxdc ghfgdq kdudkr
ne ‘hc ‘mc sqnnor+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr v‘r fdmdq‘kkx tm‘akd
sn rg‘od onkhshb‘k cdudknoldmsr ‘r ltbg ‘r hs vntkc g‘ud
khjdc- hr hr ctd o‘qskx sn V‘rghmfsnm&r bnlodshmf fkna‘k
oqhnqhshdr+ ats ‘krn sn sgd rgddq bnlokdwhsx ne sghr onkhsh,
b‘k dbnrxrsdl- @mx T-R- cdbhrhnmr sn vhsgcq‘v sqnnor nq
etmchmf vhkk rhlhk‘qkx g‘ud e‘q,qd‘bghmf+ ‘kadhs tmoqdchbs,
‘akd+ ddbsr- Tkshl‘sdkx+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto bnmbktcdr sg‘s
vghkd sgd o‘qshbtk‘qr ne sgd rs‘sd&r etstqd ‘qd enq @efg‘mr
sn cdbhcd+ knmf,sdql T-R- m‘shnm‘k rdbtqhsx hmsdqdrsr ‘qd
chqdbskx khmjdc sn sgd rs‘ahkhsx ne sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd ‘mc”‘r
sgd anw 'Otsshmf Odnokd Ehqrs• ’nm o‘fd 22( dwok‘hmr”sn
qdbnfmhyhmf ‘mc qdronmchmf sn sgd mddcr ne sgd @efg‘m
odnokd- @m nmfnhmf T-R- bnllhsldms sn @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
bnmrshstshnm‘k nqcdq ‘mc sgd f‘hmr l‘cd sgdqdhm b‘m rds
sgd rs‘fd enq ‘ qhfgs,rhydc qdk‘shnmrgho adsvddm svn rnudq,
dhfm rs‘sdr sg‘s rg‘qd jdx hmsdqdrsr ‘mc u‘ktdr-
Otsshmf Odnoid Ehqrs

;mx etstqd _ahkhsx sn _bghdud T-R- fn_kr hm ;efg_mhrs_m vhkk cdodmc nm sgd rtoonqs ne sgd ;efg_m odnokd-
Sg_s rtoonqs vhkk qdpthqd _ adssdq tmcdqrs_mchmf ne sgdhq mddcr _mc _rohq_shnmr- ;efg_m rs_sd,rnbhdsx qdk_,
shnmr g_ud knmf addm l_qjdc ax _ gd_ksgx fhud,_mc,s_jd adsvddm sgd odnokd _mc sgdhq fnudqmldms) nmd
nesdm ldch_sdc ax hmenql_k bhuhb hmrshstshnmr- Mnqlr ne qdoqdrdms_shud fnudqm_mbd _mc onotk_q o_qshbho_shnm
g_ud rsqdmfsgdmdc rhmbd 1//0) _r bhshydmr g_ud qhrjdc sgdhq khudr qdod_sdckx sn b_rs a_kknsr _mc) lnqd fdm,
dq_kkx) sn dmf_fd hm eqdd _mc khudkx cda_sd _ants sgdhq bntmsqx%r onkhshb_k etstqd- Sgdrd onrhshud bhuhb dmdqfhdr
ltrs ad g_qmdrrdc-

Onotk_q dwodbs_shnmr _ants fnudqm_mbd g_ud fqnvm vhsg qdrodbs sn rdquhbd cdkhudqx hm tqa_m _mc qtq_k
_qd_r- Sgd oqnknmfdc hmsdqm_shnm_k oqdrdmbd _mc sgd _bbnlo_mxhmf _rrhrs_mbd aqntfgs rnld ltbg,
mddcdc qdkhde _bqnrr sgd bntmsqx _esdq cdb_cdr ne v_q) cdoqhu_shnm) _mc chrok_bdldms- Hm stqm) sgd ;efg_m
odnokd g_ud bnld sn dwodbs sgdhq a_rhb mddcr sn ad lds vhsg qdrodbs sn rdbtqhsx) gd_ksg b_qd) khudkhgnnc
rtoonqs) dctb_shnm) _mc itrshbd- Tmenqstm_sdkx) enqdhfm rtoonqs) _ksgntfg u_kt_akd hm l_mx v_xr) _krn
dmsqdmbgdc ;efg_mhrs_m%r cnmnq cdodmcdmbd) btqs_hkhmf sgd dldqfdmbd ne _ rtrs_hm_akd rnbh_k bnmsq_bs
adsvddm sgd odnokd _mc sgdhq fnudqmldms- Sgd _ardmbd ne rtbg _ bnmsq_bs bnmsqhatsdr sn sgd eq_fhkhsx sg_s
l_jdr ;efg_mhrs_m utkmdq_akd sn onkhshb_k hmrs_ahkhsx _mc uhnkdmbd- ;m _ooqn_bg sg_s hfmnqdr sgd qdk_shnmrgho
adsvddm rs_sd hmrshstshnmr _mc bhshydmr qhrjr cddodmhmf sghr aqd_bg-

;r sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr _mc hsr _kkhdr oqdo_qd sn qdctbd sgdhq ennsoqhms hm ;efg_mhrs_m) sgd ;efg_m fnudqmldms
ltrs ad dmbntq_fdc sn nodq_shnm_khyd _ odnokd,“qrs oqhmbhokd sg_s bqd_sdr _m hmbktrhud) _bbntms_akd rnbh_k
bnmsq_bs- Snnkr _qd mnv _u_hk_akd sn adssdq _mshbho_sd sgd mddcr _mc gnodr ne sgd onotk_shnm _mc sn e_bsnq
sgdl hmsn sgd enqltk_shnm ne onkhbdr _mc oqnidbsr- Qdkh_akd rtqudxr) _ fqnvhmf mdsvnqj ne b_o_akd knb_k
qdrd_qbgdqr) _ uhaq_ms ldch_) _mc qnatrs bhuhk rnbhdsx nqf_mhy_shnmr hm J_atk _mc sgd oqnuhmbdr b_m vnqj hm
sgd rdquhbd ne hmbktchmf oqduhntrkx tmgd_qc unhbdr-

Sgd cdudknoldms ne _ qnatrs bhuhk rnbhdsx) vghbg hr nmd ne sgd aqhfgsdrs kdf_bhdr ne Vdrsdqm hmsdqudmshnm) oqn,
uhcdr sgd ld_mr enq nqchm_qx ;efg_mr sn g_ud _m tmoqdbdcdmsdc m_shnm_k bnmudqr_shnm _ants vgn sgdx _qd
_r _ rnbhdsx) vg_s rnqs ne rs_sd sgdx cdrhqd) _mc vg_s rnktshnmr lhfgs dwhrs enq sgdhq lnrs oqdrrhmf oqnakdlr-
G_uhmf dwodqhdmbdc dkhsd lnm_qbghb_k onkhshbr) bnlltmhrs _tsgnqhs_qh_mhrl) sns_khs_qh_m sgdnbq_bx) _mc bhuhk v_q)
sgdx jmnv sg_s mnmd ne sgdrd bnmchshnmr _kknvdc enq fdmthmd ch_knftd _mc o_qshbho_shnm- He sgd o_qshdr sn sgd
bnmfihbs _mc sgdhq hmsdqm_shnm_k rtoonqsdqr b_m cdlnmrsq_sd _ bqdchakd bnllhsldms sn qdrnkuhmf sgdhq chrotsdr
od_bdetkkx) sgdqd l_x “m_kkx ad _m noonqstmhsx sn bqd_sd _ fdmthmdkx hmbktrhud rnbh_k bnmsq_bs-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 22


Ahuhk Rnbhdsx’ Phfgsr’ Wmc RnbhWk FWhmrz
@efg‘m bhuhk rnbhdsx+ cdmdc ‘r sgd q‘mfd ne enql‘k ‘mc hmenq,
l‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr sg‘s qddbs bnlltmhsx hmsdqdrsr ‘mc cdkhudq
rnld drrdmsh‘k rdquhbdr+ g‘r dldqfdc rhmbd 1//0 ‘r ‘m hlonqs,
‘ms dmfhmd ne rnbh‘k ‘mc onkhshb‘k cdudknoldms- Enkknvhmf sgd
1//0 Anmm ‘fqddldms sg‘s bqd‘sdc sgd entmc‘shnm enq sgd
btqqdms bnmrshstshnm‘k nqcdq+ sgd bhuhk rnbhdsx rdbsnq adf‘m sn
rdd sgd oqnkhedq‘shnm ne nqf‘mhy‘shnmr enbtrdc nm ‘cunb‘bx”
hm o‘qshbtk‘q+ sgd oqnlnshnm ne gtl‘m qhfgsr ‘mc vnldm&r
qhfgsr”‘mshbnqqtoshnm+ ‘mc otakhb rdbsnq ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx-
Qddbshud ne sgd bntmsqx&r chudqrhsx+ bhuhk rnbhdsx hr mns lnmn,
khsghb hm hsr bnlonrhshnm nq uhdvr- dqd ‘qd hlonqs‘ms chuhchmf
khmdr”adsvddm tqa‘m ‘mc qtq‘k+ oqnfqdrrhud ‘mc sq‘chshnm‘k+
nkc ‘mc xntmf”ats sgdrd chrshmbshnmr ‘qd e‘q eqnl b‘sdfnqhb‘k
nq rs‘shb- @mc ‘ksgntfg sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k cnmnq bnlltmhsx
g‘r ok‘xdc ‘ rhfmhb‘ms qnkd hm rotqqhmf ‘mc rtoonqshmf rnld
ne sgdrd nqf‘mhy‘shnmr rhmbd 1//0+ l‘mx dwhrs ‘s sgd fq‘rrqnnsr
kdudk ‘r unktms‘qx ‘mc ndm rdke,rtrs‘hmhmf dmshshdr sg‘s qdoqd,
rdms qd‘k bnmrshstdmbhdr ‘bqnrr sgd bntmsqx-
Lnqd fdmdq‘kkx+ @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r ‘ qhbg ghrsnqx ne bhuhb
dmf‘fdldms+ rnbh‘k ‘bshuhrl+ bnlltmhsx fnudqm‘mbd+ ‘mc
rdke,gdko- Eqnl hsr hmbdoshnm hm sgd k‘sd mhmdsddmsg bdmstqx+
sgd lncdqm @efg‘m rs‘sd g‘r g‘c sn bnmsdmc vhsg ‘mc
d‘qm rtoonqs eqnl mnmrs‘sd ‘bsnqr vhsg sqha‘k+ qdkhfhntr+
btkstq‘k+ ‘mc knb‘khydc enqlr ne hmtdmbd- drd ‘bsnqr ‘mc
nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘qd khsskd sntbgdc ax Vdrsdqm ‘hc oqnfq‘lr
ats l‘x ad sgd lnrs hmtdmsh‘k ne ‘kk- Hm qtq‘k ‘qd‘r+ ‘knmf
vhsg lnqd enql‘k mnmfnudqmldms‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr+ sgdqd
‘qd oqnedrrhnm‘k fthkcr+ xntsg fqntor+ khsdq‘qx rnbhdshdr+ ‘mc
nsgdq sxodr ne bhuhb fqntor- Sn sghr c‘x+ @efg‘m onkhshb‘k
kd‘cdqr qdbnfmhyd sgd hlonqs ne ‘bjmnvkdcfhmf sgdrd rn,
bh‘k enqbdr+ vghbg vhkk g‘ud rhfmhb‘ms hmtdmbd nudq ‘mx
‘ssdlos ‘s ‘bghduhmf k‘rshmf od‘bd ‘mc rs‘ahkhsx-
Vnldm&r nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘qd enqlhc‘akd ‘cunb‘sdr enq sgd
oqnsdbshnm ne vnldm&r qhfgsr ‘mc enq fqd‘sdq onkhshb‘k ‘mc
dbnmnlhb hmbktrhnm+ dudm ‘r sgdx qddbs sgd chudqrhsx ne sgnrd
sgdx qdoqdrdms- d oqnlnshnm ne dpt‘khsx enq @efg‘m vnldm
23 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
pthbjkx dldqfdc ‘r ‘ l‘inq fn‘k ne sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnllt,
mhsx ‘dq 1//0- Ats+ ‘r hr ndm sgd b‘rd vhsg enqdhfm lhkhs‘qx
hmsdqudmshnm+ sgd qhfgsr ‘fdmc‘ v‘r itrs nmd ‘lnmf l‘mx
fn‘kr adhmf otqrtdc+ rnld ne vghbg rnldshldr rtodqrdcdc+
dudm idno‘qchydc+ dnqsr sn rdbtqd vnldm&r qhfgsr- Rshkk+
@efg‘m vnldm g‘ud ‘bghdudc ‘ fqd‘s cd‘k rhmbd sgd e‘kk ne sgd
S‘kha‘m fnudqmldms dudm ‘r hmrdbtqhsx+ tmcdqcdudknoldms+
‘mc o‘sqh‘qbg‘k mnqlr bnmshmtd sn khlhs sgdhq qhfgsr ‘mc
noonqstmhshdr hm ltbg ne sgd bntmsqx- drd ‘bghdudldmsr
‘qd qdl‘qj‘akd fhudm sg‘s+ tmcdq sgd S‘kha‘m+ sgdqd vdqd mn
edl‘kd itcfdr+ oqnrdbtsnqr+ nq cdedmrd ‘ssnqmdxr: mn vnldm
hm sgd ldch‘ nq rdbtqhsx enqbdr: mn fhqkr nq edl‘kd sd‘bgdqr hm
enql‘k rbgnnkr: ‘mc nmkx ‘ edv edl‘kd gd‘ksg,b‘qd oqnuhcdqr-
qntfg @efg‘m cdsdqlhm‘shnm ‘mc cnmnq rtoonqs”dr,
odbh‘kkx @ldqhb‘m”edl‘kd dmqnkkldms hm otakhb rbgnnkr
qnrd eqnl ydqn hm 1//0 sn nudq 2 lhkkhnm hm 1/0/- @r ne
1/08+ lhkkhnmr ne vnldm g‘c unsdc+ ‘mc 78 ne o‘qkh‘,
ldms&r 241 ldladqr vdqd vnldm- Vnldm gdkc 02 rd‘sr ‘r
lhmhrsdqr ‘mc cdotsx lhmhrsdqr ‘mc 3 rdqudc ‘r ‘la‘rr‘,
cnqr- Dhfgs vnldm rdqudc ‘r cdotsx fnudqmnqr+ l‘xnqr+ ‘mc
cdotsx l‘xnqr+ hmbktchmf 1 ‘r chrsqhbs fnudqmnqr- Rbgnnkr
‘mc tmhudqrhshdr dloknxdc md‘qkx 7/+/// vnldm hmrsqtb,
snqr+0/ hmbktchmf nudq 1+/// tmhudqrhsx oqnedrrnqr-00 Lnqd
sg‘m 5+/// vnldm rdqudc ‘r itcfdr+ oqnrdbtsnqr+ cdedmrd
‘ssnqmdxr+ ‘mc onkhbd ‘mc ‘qlx odqrnmmdk- Fnudqmldms
c‘s‘ bntmsdc nudq 7+4// vnldm ‘lnmf sgd bntmsqx&r gd‘ksg
oqnedrrhnm‘kr-01 Edl‘kd intqm‘khrsr mtladqdc lnqd sg‘m
0+///: ‘mc md‘qkx 0+4// vnldm dmsqdoqdmdtqr g‘c hmudrsdc
‘ sns‘k ne 66-4 lhkkhnm hm sgdhq atrhmdrrdr- Khed dwodbs‘mbx
enq vnldm qnrd eqnl 34-4 xd‘qr hm 1//0 sn 43-3 xd‘qr hm
1/08+ ‘mc sgd khsdq‘bx q‘sd bkhladc eqnl 02 odqbdms hm 1///
sn 2/ odqbdms hm 1/07-02 Vg‘s hr bqhshb‘k ‘ants dctb‘shnm+ ‘r
nmd bhuhk rnbhdsx qdoqdrdms‘shud snkc sgd Rstcx Fqnto+ hr sg‘s
hs b‘mmns ad s‘jdm ‘v‘x nmbd ‘bpthqdc- dqd hr mnmdsgdkdrr
‘ qd‘khrshb ‘mc vhcdroqd‘c ed‘q sg‘s vnldm vhkk ad l‘qfhm,
‘khydc hm sgd otakhb ro‘bd rgntkc sgd S‘kha‘m qdstqm-
drd rsqhjhmf cdudknoldmsr qddbs ‘ aqn‘cdq sqdmc hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m9 sgd dkdu‘shnm ne gtl‘m qhfgsr oqnsdbshnm rhmbd
1//0- @efg‘mhrs‘m&r bnmrshstshnm dmtldq‘sdr ‘ mtladq
ne qhfgsr hm ‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg hmsdqm‘shnm‘k rs‘mc‘qcr+ ‘mc
@efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r rhfmdc nm sn rdudq‘k hmsdqm‘shnm‘k gtl‘m
qhfgsr hmrsqtldmsr- @cunb‘sdr g‘ud cnmd sgd g‘qc vnqj ne
hmsqnctbhmf mnqlr ‘mc oq‘bshbdr sg‘s g‘ud aqntfgs qhfgsr
oqnsdbshnm hmsn sgd l‘hmrsqd‘l bnmudqr‘shnm- dqd hr+
gnvdudq+ ‘ rhfmhb‘ms f‘o adsvddm sgdrd ‘rohq‘shnmr ‘mc sgd
qd‘khsx nm sgd fqntmc enq l‘mx- Odqrhrsdms sgqd‘sr sn gtl‘m
vdke‘qd ‘mc chfmhsx hmbktcd hmrtqfdms uhnkdmbd ‘f‘hmrs bhuhk,
h‘mr+ dwsq‘itchbh‘k jhkkhmfr ‘mc nsgdq ‘atrdr ax rdbtqhsx enqbdr+
bghkc rnkchdq qdbqthsldms+ ‘mc uhnkdmbd ‘f‘hmrs vnldm ‘mc
nsgdq l‘qfhm‘khydc bnlltmhshdr- Tkshl‘sdkx+ sgd bnmchshnmr
ne v‘q g‘ud l‘cd fdmthmd ‘mc tmhudqr‘k qhfgsr oqnsdbshnm
‘m tm‘bghdu‘akd ‘lahshnm- Hm sghr rdmrd+ sgd nmfnhmf bnmhbs
qdl‘hmr nmd ne sgd l‘hm hlodchldmsr sn sgd dwdqbhrd ne sgd
lnrs a‘rhb ne gtl‘m qhfgsr- Dmchmf sgd bnmhbs hr ‘ oqdbnm,
chshnm enq sgd dwdqbhrd ne sgdrd qhfgsr+ ‘mc l‘hms‘hmhmf sgdhq
kdf‘k rs‘str hm vg‘sdudq onkhshb‘k ‘qq‘mfdldms dldqfdr eqnl
sgd od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr rgntkc ad ‘ ghfg oqhnqhsx- Rn+ snn+
rgntkc ad ld‘mhmfetk dmf‘fdldms nm sgd o‘qs ne ‘kk o‘qshdr
sn sgd bnmhbs vhsg sgnrd lhkkhnmr ne nqchm‘qx @efg‘mr vgn
g‘ud knmf rtdqdc9 fdmthmd ‘mc k‘rshmf od‘bd qdpthqdr ‘m
‘bjmnvkdcfldms ax ‘kk hmunkudc ne sgdhq o‘hm ‘mc knrr-
@lnmf sgnrd lnrs sq‘mrenqldc enq sgd adssdq ax Vdrsdqm
hmsdqudmshnm ‘qd xntmf @efg‘mr+ ‘m hlonqs‘ms cdlnfq‘oghb
fhudm sg‘s itrs nudq 51 odqbdms ne @efg‘mr ‘qd adknv sgd ‘fd
ne svdmsx,entq- dx g‘ud admdsdc eqnl sgd atqfdnmhmf
03
dctb‘shnm rdbsnq+ vghbg l‘mx g‘ud ‘bbdrrdc ‘r o‘qs ne
‘ k‘qfdq oqnbdrr ne tqa‘mhy‘shnm- Hm 1//2+ @efg‘mhrs‘m
g‘c nmkx 2/+/// tmhudqrhsx rstcdmsr: hm 1/07+ sgd bntmsqx
g‘c 275+667+ ne vgnl 0//+357 vdqd vnldm- Nmd ne sgd
04
‘bghdudldmsr hm vghbg @ldqhb‘mr b‘m s‘jd o‘qshbtk‘q
oqhcd hr sgd drs‘akhrgldms ne sgd @ldqhb‘m Tmhudqrhsx ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd bntmsqx&r ‘frgho tmhudqrhsx- Bg‘qsdqdc hm
1//3+ sgd tmhudqrhsx dldqfdc ‘r ‘ ad‘bnm enq ghfgdq kd‘qm,
hmf- Rstcdmsr+ e‘btksx+ ‘mc rs‘ qdronmcdc vhsg sqdldmcntr
qdrhkhdmbd hm sgd e‘bd ne ‘ cdu‘rs‘shmf ‘ss‘bj hm 1/05+ ‘mc sn,
c‘x sgd tmhudqrhsx an‘rsr ‘m hloqdrrhud e‘btksx sg‘s hmbktcdr
rnld ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r aqhfgsdrs rbgnk‘qr+ ‘r vdkk ‘r ‘ rstcdms
ancx l‘cd to ne xntmf @efg‘mr eqnl ‘kk sghqsx,entq oqnu,
hmbdr otqrthmf tmcdqfq‘ct‘sd ‘mc fq‘ct‘sd rstchdr-
d @efg‘m ldch‘+ ‘lnmf sgd lnrs nodm hm sgd qdfhnm+
oqnuhcdr ‘ ro‘bd hm vghbg sgdrd cda‘sdr ‘mc bnmudqr‘shnmr
b‘m ad bnmctbsdc- hr ‘bghdudldms+ dm‘akdc ax sgd dwokn,
rhud ‘cu‘mbdldms ne sdkdbnlltmhb‘shnmr+ hr rsqhjhmf fhudm
sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘c ‘klnrs mn ldch‘ tmcdq sgd S‘kha‘m-
Vhsg dmbntq‘fdldms eqnl cnmnqr+ TR@HC hm o‘qshbtk‘q+
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r onrs,1//0 ldch‘ aqnjd eqnl d‘qkhdq lncdkr+
hm vghbg lnrs ldch‘ v‘r rs‘sd nvmdc+ ‘mc dlaq‘bdc ‘
oqhu‘sd rdbsnq lncdk- @efg‘mhrs‘m mnv g‘r rdudq‘k hmcd,
odmcdms sdkduhrhnm rs‘shnmr+ mtldqntr q‘chn rs‘shnmr+ ‘mc
l‘mx mdvro‘odqr-
@efg‘mr+ o‘qshbtk‘qkx xntmf odnokd+ g‘ud ‘krn adbnld ‘uhc
trdqr ne rnbh‘k ldch‘ vhsg sgd oqnkhedq‘shnm ne bdkk ognmdr
‘mc sgd hmsqnctbshnm ne 2F hmsdqmds rdquhbdr- @efg‘m xntsg
‘qd ‘bshud nm aknfr+ E‘bdannj+ Vg‘sr@oo+ ‘mc Svhssdq+
‘mc rnbh‘k ldch‘ hr sgdhq oqhl‘qx rntqbd ne hmenql‘shnm-
drd cdudknoldmsr g‘ud cq‘l‘shb‘kkx ‘ksdqdc lncdqm
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ rgqhmjhmf sgd f‘o adsvddm sgnrd khuhmf hm
chdqdms o‘qsr ne sgd bntmsqx ‘mc hmdwsqhb‘akx khmjhmf k‘qfd
rv‘sgdr ne sgd onotk‘shnm sn sgd qdrs ne sgd vnqkc-
d etstqd ne sgdrd qhfgsr ‘mc eqddcnlr ‘qd ne l‘inq bnm,
bdqm ‘r @efg‘mr vgn ‘ooqdbh‘sd sgdl vnmcdq he sgd S‘kha‘m
g‘ud dunkudc hm sgdhq uhdvr- d ‘k‘qlhmf rohjd hm s‘qfdsdc
‘rr‘rrhm‘shnmr ‘s sgd dmc ne 1/1/ ‘f‘hmrs xntmf @efg‘m
intqm‘khrsr+ bhuhk rdqu‘msr+ ‘mc ‘bshuhrsr hr chrgd‘qsdmhmf ats
mns rtqoqhrhmf- dhq vnqj dwdlokhdr oqdbhrdkx sgd jhmc ne
oqnfqdrr sg‘s sgqd‘sdmr sgd S‘kha‘m&r ‘fdmc‘- @bbnqchmf sn
sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Hmcdodmcdms Gtl‘m Qhfgsr Bnllhrrhnm+
04 intqm‘khrsr+ 03 sqha‘k dkcdqr+ 1/ qdkhfhntr rbgnk‘qr+ 20
bhuhkh‘m fnudqmldms rs‘ ’hmbktchmf oqnrdbtsnqr ‘mc itcf,
dr(+ 0/ bhuhk rnbhdsx ‘bshuhrsr+ ‘mc 6 sd‘bgdqr vdqd jhkkdc hm
s‘qfdsdc ‘ss‘bjr hm 1/1/- Rg‘g‘qy‘c @ja‘q+ sgd gd‘c ne sgd
bnllhrrhnm+ cdrbqhadc sgdrd jhkkhmfr sn sgd Rstcx Fqnto ‘r
'‘ rxrsdl‘shb l‘rr‘bqd ne sgd dctb‘sdc ‘mc sgd hmcdodmcdms
unhbdr vhsg knmf,sdql hlokhb‘shnmr enq @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc mn
dmc hm rhfgs-•
Cdrohsd sghr qdbdms+ sq‘fhb sqdmc+ @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r oqnentmckx
bg‘mfdc nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr- Bnmmdbsdc sn nmd ‘mnsgdq
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 24
 ‘mc sn sgd qdrs ne sgd vnqkc hm tmoqdbdcdmsdc v‘xr+ @efg‘mr
g‘ud dlaq‘bdc dkdbsnq‘k onkhshbr+ gnvdudq oqnakdl‘shb+
‘r ‘m dwsdmrhnm ne sgdhq nvm knmf,gdkc sq‘chshnmr ne rdke,
fnudqmldms ‘mc bnmrtks‘shnm- @efg‘m vnldm g‘ud dldqfdc
‘r ‘ bnmcdms ‘mc unb‘k bnmrshstdmbx+ o‘qshbho‘shmf hm ‘mc
dmqhbghmf m‘shnm‘k khed hm v‘xr sg‘s vdqd chbtks sn hl‘fhmd
svn cdb‘cdr ‘fn- @efg‘m bhuhk rnbhdsx ‘bsnqr ‘qd hmbqd‘rhmfkx
trhmf sgdhq unhbdr sn dwonrd bnqqtoshnm ‘mc cdl‘mc fqd‘sdq
‘bbntms‘ahkhsx ne fnudqmldms nbh‘kr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
‘mc hsr hmsdqm‘shnm‘k o‘qsmdqr g‘ud addm bkd‘q ‘ants sgd
ghfg hlonqs‘mbd sgdx ok‘bd nm sgdrd ‘bghdudldmsr ‘mc sgdhq
oqdrdqu‘shnm- Tkshl‘sdkx+ gnvdudq+ @efg‘mr sgdlrdkudr ltrs
bnmshmtd sn trd sgd nodmmdrr sg‘s sgdx gdkodc bqd‘sd sn hmrhrs
nm sgd oqdrdqu‘shnm ne sgdrd f‘hmr-
d :efgWm MWshnmWk Cdedmrd
Wmc Rdbtphsx Enpbdr
Nmd ne sgd etmc‘ldms‘k ed‘stqdr ne rs‘sdgnnc hr sgd b‘o‘bhsx
sn lnmnonkhyd sgd kdfhshl‘sd trd ne enqbd- Cdrohsd dwsq‘nq,
chm‘qx T-R- hmudrsldms hm sgd @efg‘m rdbtqhsx rdbsnq+ sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms qdl‘hmr e‘q eqnl ‘akd sn k‘x bk‘hl
sn sghr b‘o‘bhsx- d ‘hc cdodmcdmbx sg‘s bg‘q‘bsdqhydr
@efg‘m bhuhkh‘m fnudqmldms hr dudm lnqd oqnmntmbdc hm
hsr rdbtqhsx rdbsnq- d hmsdfqhsx ne sgd @MCRE hr drrdmsh‘k
enq sgd l‘hmsdm‘mbd ne sgd rs‘sd+ ‘mc T-R- rtoonqs g‘r addm
drrdmsh‘k enq sgd l‘hmsdm‘mbd ne sgd @MCRE- Cdrohsd sgd
enql‘k sq‘mrhshnm ne rdbtqhsx qdronmrhahkhsx sn sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms hm 1/02 ‘mc sgd dmc ne lnrs T-R- bnla‘s no,
dq‘shnmr hm 1/03+ sgd @MCRE bnmshmtdr sn qdl‘hm ghfgkx
cdodmcdms nm T-R- rtoonqs+ vghbg oqnuhcdr 7/ odqbdms
ne ‘kk otakhb rdbtqhsx dwodmchstqdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m”‘mc
74 odqbdms ne ‘kk cnmnq rtoonqs enq rdbtqhsx- O‘xldms ne
05
@efg‘m M‘shnm‘k @qlx ’@M@( r‘k‘qhdr cdodmcr k‘qfdkx
nm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- Hm ‘cchshnm sn sgdrd dwodmchstqdr+
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr oqnuhcdr knfhrshbr rtoonqs+ oqnbtqdldms
dwodqshrd+ ‘mc onkhbx ‘cuhbd sn sgd Lhmhrsqx ne Cdedmrd-
Oqnfqdrr g‘r bnmrhrsdmskx addm l‘cd+ ‘r sgd ah‘mmt‘k T-R-
Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd qdonqsr sn Bnmfqdrr nm rdbtqhsx
‘mc rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m cdrbqhad+ ats hs g‘r bnmshmt‘kkx
25 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
e‘kkdm rgnqs ne dwodbs‘shnmr- d nmfnhmf k‘bj ne b‘o‘bhsx
‘mc hmdbhdmbx ne sgd @MCRE khlhs hsr rsq‘sdfhb noshnmr
‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m- @r ‘ qdrtks+ sgd @MCRE hr fdmdq‘kkx nm
sgd cdedmrhud ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc tm‘akd sn oqnuhcd rd,
btqhsx enq ltbg ne sgd onotk‘shnm- Mnmdsgdkdrr+ onotk‘shnm
rtqudxr+ hmbktchmf sgd @rh‘ Entmc‘shnm&r 1/08 Rtpudx ne sgd
:efgYm Odnokd+ bnmrhrsdmskx rgnv sg‘s sgd @M@ hm o‘qshbt,
k‘q hr nmd ne sgd lnrs sqtrsdc hmrshstshnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-06
Cdrohsd nmfnhmf oqnakdlr+ sgd @MCRE bntkc rshkk ad ‘
cdmhmf ed‘stqd ne sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx kdf‘bx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d rdbtqhsx enqbdr g‘ud l‘m‘fdc sn l‘hms‘hm rtbhdms bn,
gdrhnm ‘mc cdsdqlhm‘shnm sn bnmshmtd fgshmf sgd S‘kha‘m
‘dq sgd dmc ne sgd T-R- ‘mc M@SN bnla‘s lhrrhnm- d
@MCRE mnv b‘qqhdr sgd atkj ne sgd fgshmf atqcdm ‘f‘hmrs
sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc bnmshmtdr sn o‘x ‘ ghfg bnrs hm b‘rt‘kshdr-
Eqnl 1//1 sn 1/03+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr snnj sgd kd‘c hm
athkchmf+ sq‘hmhmf+ dpthoohmf+ ‘mc m‘mbhmf @efg‘mhrs‘m&r
m‘shnm‘k ‘qlx ‘mc ‘mbhkk‘qx enqbdr+ ‘r vdkk ‘r+ k‘sdq nm+
u‘qhntr lhkhsh‘r- Hm 1//5+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘rrtldc
qdronmrhahkhsx enq sq‘hmhmf lnrs ne sgd @efg‘m M‘shnm‘k
Onkhbd ’@MO(- Fdql‘mx+ ‘mc k‘sdq sgd Dtqnod‘m Tmhnm+
g‘ud l‘hms‘hmdc ‘ sq‘hmhmf oqnfq‘l enq rnld nbdqr+
‘mc ltkshokd cnmnqr bnmshmtd sn oqnuhcd rnld m‘mbhmf
enq onkhbd r‘k‘qhdr ‘mc mnmkdsg‘k dptholdms sgqntfg sgd
Tmhsdc M‘shnmr“qtm K‘v ‘mc Nqcdq Sqtrs Etmc+ ats sgd
atkj ne rtoonqs g‘r qdl‘hmdc @ldqhb‘m- d odqrhrsdms
hmrtqfdmbx kdc sn ‘ rsq‘sdfx vgdqd sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nosdc
sn 'lhkhs‘qhyd sgd onkhbd ‘r ‘ knb‘khydc cdedmrd enqbd• q‘sgdq
sg‘m dmbntq‘fd ‘ k‘v dmenqbdldms nqf‘mhy‘shnm-07 Rodbh‘k
onkhbd tmhsr+ rtbg ‘r sgd @efg‘m M‘shnm‘k Bhuhk Nqcdq Onkhbd
‘mc sgd Anqcdq Onkhbd+ oqnudc sgdlrdkudr ‘akd sn nodq‘sd
ddbshudkx+ ats+ ‘r ‘ vgnkd+ sgd onkhbhmf rdbsnq”enql‘k
tmhsr ‘mc hmenql‘k lhkhsh‘”qdl‘hmr ok‘ftdc ax bnqqtoshnm
‘mc ‘atrd ne ‘tsgnqhsx-
To tmshk sgd Itmd 1/02 sq‘mrhshnm sn @efg‘m kd‘cdqrgho+ T-R-
enqbdr o‘qsmdqdc vhsg @M@ tmhsr hm bnla‘shmf sgd S‘kha‘m
hmrtqfdmbx- Hm 1//7+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘krn adf‘m sn bqd‘sd
sgd @efg‘m @hq Enqbd- @r sgd xd‘qr vdms ax+ hs ‘tsgnqhydc ‘m
dudq,fqnvhmf fgshmf enqbd hm qdronmrd sn sgd hmrtqfdmbx&r
dwo‘mrhnm- d ‘bbdkdq‘sdc cdudknoldms ‘mc qtrg sn dwo‘mc
sgd q‘mj,‘mc,kd mtladqr hm ansg sgd ‘qlx ‘mc sgd onkhbd
nudqrg‘cnvdc sgd mddc enq oqnedrrhnm‘k fqnvsg ‘mc hmrshst,
shnm‘k b‘o‘bhsx athkchmf+ drodbh‘kkx ‘s sgd lhmhrsdqh‘k kdudk-
Vgdm sgd Na‘l‘ ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm ‘mmntmbdc hm 1/00 hsr hm,
sdmshnm sn sq‘mrhshnm rdbtqhsx qdronmrhahkhshdr sn sgd @MCRE
hm 1/03+ sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx g‘c sn q‘lo to hsr sq‘hmhmf lhrrhnm
sn oqdo‘qd sgd @MCRE ‘r ltbg ‘r onrrhakd sn ‘rrtld hsr mdv
qdronmrhahkhsx ‘mc hmsdmrhex hsr fgs ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m sn
bqd‘sd bnmchshnmr sg‘s vntkc ‘kknv enq ‘ T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k-
Dudm ‘r hmrdbtqhsx qdl‘hmdc ‘ bnmrs‘ms oqnakdl+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr adf‘m sq‘mrhshnmhmf sn ‘m '‘cuhrd+ sq‘hm+ ‘mc ‘rrhrs•
qnkd sg‘s vntkc adfhm hm 1/03+ dmchmf hsr bnla‘s qnkd- hr
sq‘mrhshnm+ vghbg hmunkudc ‘ rhfmhb‘ms vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R-
‘mc ‘kkhdc sqnnor+ qdud‘kdc sgd utkmdq‘ahkhshdr ne sgd @MCRE+
vghbg qdl‘hmdc cdodmcdms nm T-R- rtoonqs enq ‘ mtladq ne
bqhshb‘k etmbshnmr- L‘mx ptdrshnmdc vgdsgdq sgd sq‘mrhshnm
bntkc rtbbddc- Hm sgd rtlldq ne 1/04+ sgd 104sg Bnqor ne
sgd @M@ a‘rdc hm Gdkl‘mc bnlokdsdkx bnkk‘ordc- hr v‘r
sgd lnrs oqnohshntr lnldms enq sgd S‘kha‘m sn ‘ssdlos sn
nudqsgqnv sgd fnudqmldms+ ats chuhrhnmr vhsghm sgd lnud,
ldms nudq sgd rtbbdrrhnm sn Ltkk‘g Nl‘q+ bnlahmdc vhsg
‘ od‘bd hmhsh‘shud ax Oqdrhcdms Fg‘mh+ qdctbdc sgd hlo‘bs ne
sgd S‘kha‘m&r roqhmf ndmrhud- hr odqg‘or oqnuhcdc rt,
bhdms ro‘bd enq sgd sq‘mrhshnm sn rtbbddc sn sgd dwsdms sg‘s
hs chc- Rshkk+ ‘bbnqchmf sn sgd Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd+ ‘r ne
snc‘x+ sgd @M@ b‘m bnlokdsd hmcdodmcdmskx nmkx ‘ants g‘ke
ne hsr qdpthqdc l‘hmsdm‘mbd vnqj+ ‘mc sgd T-R- fnudqmldms
bnmshmtdr sn o‘x sgd r‘k‘qhdr ne sgd dmshqd enqbd-
d @M@ g‘r l‘cd oqnfqdrr hm dunkuhmf eqnl ‘ khfgs hm,
e‘msqx enqbd sn ‘ lnqd bnlokdsd enqbd vhsg ansg fgshmf
tmhsr ‘mc dm‘akhmf b‘o‘ahkhshdr rtbg ‘r sq‘hmhmf ‘mc knfhr,
shbr+ dudm he sgdrd b‘o‘ahkhshdr ‘qd mns xds rdke,rtbhdms-
Nmfnhmf b‘o‘bhsx f‘or ‘qd qddbsdc hm sgd @M@&r khlhsdc
rsq‘sdfhb noshnmr- @ksgntfg sgd @MCRE l‘hms‘hmr bnmsqnk
ne J‘atk+ sgd oqnuhmbh‘k b‘ohs‘kr+ ‘mc ltbg ne sgd l‘hm
qn‘c mdsvnqj+ hsr rsq‘sdfx adxnmc sgdrd ‘qd‘r g‘r addm nmd
ne l‘hms‘hmhmf ‘ k‘qfd mtladq ne hkk,cdedmcdc bgdbjonhmsr
sn bnudq ‘r ltbg sdqqhsnqx ‘r onrrhakd- @m dwbdoshnm sn sghr
knv,b‘o‘bhsx+ mnm,ndmrhud chronrhshnm g‘r addm sgd @efg‘m
Rodbh‘k Rdbtqhsx Enqbdr ’@RRE(+ vghbg v‘r bqd‘sdc hm 1//5
‘mc vgnrd tmhsr g‘ud ‘ bknrd qdk‘shnmrgho vhsg T-R- Rodbh‘k
Nodq‘shnmr enqbdr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r dmrtqdc sg‘s ghfg
qdbqthsldms rs‘mc‘qcr enq sgd @RRE g‘ud addm l‘hms‘hmdc+
‘unhchmf sgd bnqqtoshnm hm rdkdbshnm ‘mc oqnlnshnm sg‘s
g‘r ok‘ftdc ltbg ne sgd qdftk‘q enqbd- @bbnqchmf sn sgd
Itmd 1/1/ Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd qdonqs sn Bnmfqdrr+
ctqhmf sgd qrs g‘ke ne 1/1/+ '@RRE nodq‘shnmr ddbshudkx
rtrs‘hmdc lhkhs‘qx oqdrrtqd nm sgd S‘kha‘m+ sgv‘qsdc HRHR
sdqqhsnqh‘k dwo‘mrhnm+ ‘mc lhshf‘sdc sgd sgqd‘s eqnl ghfg
oqnkd ‘ss‘bj ’GO@( mdsvnqjr-•08
d dudmst‘k rtrs‘hm‘ahkhsx ‘mc ‘tsnmnlntr etmbshnmhmf
ne sgd @MCRE vhkk cdodmc nm fqd‘sdq hmrshstshnm‘k b‘,
o‘bhsx vhsghm sgd fnudqmhmf hmrshstshnmr”hm o‘qshbtk‘q+
sgd Lhmhrsqx ne Cdedmrd+ sgd Lhmhrsqx ne Hmsdqhnq+ ‘mc sgd
M‘shnm‘k Chqdbsnq‘sd enq Rdbtqhsx- hr hr sgd atqd‘tbq‘shb
kdudk ‘s vghbg rsq‘sdfx hr rg‘odc ‘mc bqtbh‘k l‘hmsdm‘mbd
etmbshnmr rtbg ‘r atcfdshmf+ gtl‘m qdrntqbd l‘m‘fdldms+
‘mc oqnbtqdldms ‘mc knfhrshbr ‘qd cdkhudqdc- Rhmbd 1//5+
b‘o‘bhsx athkchmf enq sgdrd hmrshstshnmr g‘r addm kdc ax sgd
Bnlahmdc Rdbtqhsx Sq‘mrhshnm Bnll‘mc“@efg‘mhrs‘m+
ats sgnrd dnqsr g‘ud ndm addm mdfkdbsdc hm nqcdq sn enbtr
nm bnla‘s,qdk‘sdc qdpthqdldmsr-
d etstqd ne sgd @MCRE oqdrdmsr mtldqntr chkdll‘r
ansg hm sgd dudms ne ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms ‘mc hm hsr ‘ardmbd-
Hm sgd k‘ssdq b‘rd+ sgd chkdll‘r vhkk bnmshmtd k‘qfdkx ‘r
cdrbqhadc ‘anud9 gnv sn hloqnud sgd b‘o‘bhsx ne sgd rdbt,
qhsx enqbdr ‘mc qdctbd sgdhq cdodmcdmbd nm T-R- rtoonqs+
drodbh‘kkx vhsg ‘ rhfmhb‘mskx qdctbdc T-R- oqdrdmbd- d
‘cchshnm‘k bg‘kkdmfd ne qds‘hmhmf lnq‘kd ‘mc bngdrhnm
ctqhmf ‘m nmfnhmf mdfnsh‘shnm vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk ad
dudm lnqd cdl‘mchmf he ‘ rdmrd ne T-R- ‘a‘mcnmldms ad,
bnldr dmsqdmbgdc- Rgntkc ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms ad qd‘bgdc+
sgdqd vhkk ad sgd hlldch‘sd ptdrshnm ne vgdsgdq ‘mc gnv sn
hmsdfq‘sd S‘kha‘m enqbdr hmsn sgd @MCRE- Lnqd hlonqs‘mskx+
sgdqd hr sgd knmfdq,sdql hrrtd ne qdbnmftqhmf sgd rdbtqhsx
enqbdr- Btqqdmskx+ ansg sgd onkhbd ‘mc @M@ g‘ud addm bnm,
ftqdc sn fgs ‘m hmsdqm‘k hmrtqfdmbx- d @M@ hr k‘qfdq
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 26
 sg‘m hs mddcr sn ad sn oqnsdbs sgd bntmsqx+ ‘mc sgd onkhbd
g‘r addm lhkhs‘qhydc hm ‘ v‘x sg‘s l‘jdr hs k‘qfdkx tms enq
k‘v dmenqbdldms+ drodbh‘kkx hm qtq‘k ‘qd‘r- Rgnqs, ‘mc knmf,
sdql noonqstmhshdr vhkk dwhrs sn bg‘mmdk T-R- rtoonqs trhmf
rnld ne sgd r‘ld oqhmbhokdr ‘mc oq‘bshbdr ne bnmchshnm‘khsx
cdrbqhadc d‘qkhdq vhsg qdrodbs sn bhuhkh‘m ‘hc- S‘jhmf ‘cu‘m,
s‘fd ne sgdrd noonqstmhshdr vhkk hmbqd‘rd sgd khjdkhgnnc sg‘s
sgd @efg‘m rdbtqhsx rdbsnq vhkk dunkud snv‘qc ‘ rtrs‘hm‘akd+
ldqhs,a‘rdc+ k‘v,‘ahchmf rds ne rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr-
d SWkhaWm5 NpfWmhyWshnm
Wmc Naidbshudr
d S‘kha‘m lnudldms hr sgd l‘hm ‘bsnq hm sgd hmrtqfdmbx
‘f‘hmrs sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd- Hs adf‘m ‘r ‘ mdsvnqj ne qdkhfhntr
kd‘cdqr+ rbgnk‘qr+ ‘mc rstcdmsr sg‘s dldqfdc hm rntsgdqm
@efg‘mhrs‘m hm 0883 hm qd‘bshnm sn sgd eq‘fldmsdc ‘mc
oqdc‘snqx lti‘gdchm fqntor sg‘s g‘c rtbbdrretkkx qdrhrsdc
sgd Rnuhds nbbto‘shnm ats sgdm cq‘ffdc sgd bntmsqx hmsn bhuhk
v‘q- Ax 0885+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘c cded‘sdc nq bn,nosdc lnrs ne
sgdrd fqntor ‘mc g‘c s‘jdm sgd b‘ohs‘k+ J‘atk+ ‘mc lnrs ne
sgd bntmsqx- d fqnto drs‘akhrgdc ‘m 'dlhq‘sd• hm vghbg hs
gdkc ‘ bdmsq‘khydc lnmnonkx nm onvdq+ vhsg Ltkk‘g Nl‘q
‘r hsr kd‘cdq- d dlhq‘sd qtkdc g‘qrgkx a‘rdc nm hsr dwsqdlhrs
hmsdqoqds‘shnm ne Hrk‘lhb k‘v- d mdv fnudqmldms f‘ud
rgdksdq sn ‘k,P‘dc‘ kd‘cdq Nr‘l‘ ahm K‘cdm+ vgn ‘tsgnqhydc
sgd ok‘mmhmf ‘mc dwdbtshnm ne rdudq‘k ‘ss‘bjr nm T-R- s‘qfdsr+
btklhm‘shmf hm sgd 8.00 ‘ss‘bjr nm sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr qdronmcdc rvhkx ‘mc snookdc sgd
S‘kha‘m qdfhld hm ‘ l‘ssdq ne lnmsgr-
Qdlm‘msr ne sgd S‘kha‘m dhsgdq e‘cdc hmsn sgd bntmsqxrhcd
nq adf‘m sn qdfqnto hm sgd anqcdq ‘qd‘r ne O‘jhrs‘m- @r sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx rtoonqsdc
sgd drs‘akhrgldms ne ‘ cdlnbq‘shb bnmrshstshnm‘k nqcdq hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m hm 1//1+ sgd S‘kha‘m+ dwbktcdc eqnl ‘kk onkhsh,
b‘k oqnbdrrdr ‘dq sgdhq cded‘s+ qdbnmrshstsdc sgdlrdkudr ‘r
‘ fgshmf enqbd hm qdrhrs‘mbd sn vg‘s sgdx cdrbqhadc ‘r sgd
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k 'nbbto‘shnm• ne @efg‘mhrs‘m- Ehfgshmf eqnmsr
nqf‘mhydc+ u‘qhntrkx lnshu‘sdc ax qdrdmsldms snv‘qc sgd
ndm,q‘o‘bhntr qtkd ne knb‘k kd‘cdqr ‘oonhmsdc ax J‘atk+
27 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
ax hcdnknfhb‘k noonrhshnm sn sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd+ ‘mc
ax knmf,rs‘mchmf sqha‘k qhu‘kqhdr sg‘s ok‘xdc nts ‘mdv nm
sgd lncdqm onkhshb‘k l‘o- Ax 1//5+ Ltkk‘g Nl‘q g‘c nqf‘,
mhydc sgdrd eqnmsr hmsn ‘ lnqd bnmrnkhc‘sdc lnudldms- Ax
sgd shld ne ghr cd‘sg hm 1/02+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘c oqnudm sgdl,
rdkudr sn ad ‘ qdrhkhdms hmrtqfdmbx+ b‘o‘akd ne qdokdmhrghmf
sgdhq q‘mjr+ gnkchmf hmbqd‘rhmf sdqqhsnqx+ ‘mc oqnuhchmf nq
bn,noshmf a‘rhb fnudqmhmf rdquhbdr- @r cdrbqhadc ‘anud hm
sgd rdbshnm 'Rs‘str ne sgd Od‘bd Oqnbdrr• ’o‘fdr 08“11(+ ‘r
sgd v‘q bnmshmtdc+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr dudmst‘kkx rghdc sn ‘
onkhbx ne rddjhmf ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m
‘mc sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms-
Nmd bnlonmdms ne sgd S‘kha‘m lnudldms hr sgd G‘pp‘mh
mdsvnqj+ mnsnqhntr enq hsr ‘ahkhsx sn nqf‘mhyd ‘rxlldsqhb
‘ss‘bjr hm tqa‘m ‘qd‘r sg‘s g‘ud jhkkdc gtmcqdcr ne bhuhkh‘mr+
hmbktchmf enqdhfmdqr- d S‘kha‘m g‘ud s‘jdm ‘bshud ld‘rtqdr+
rnldshldr vhsg s‘bhs T-R- rtoonqs+ ‘f‘hmrs sgd Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd+
cqhuhmf hs nts ne mnqsgvdrs @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc rhfmhb‘mskx bhq,
btlrbqhahmf hsr lnahkhsx hm sgd d‘rs- d S‘kha‘m ‘qd chrshmbs
eqnl ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc hsr ‘kh‘sdr ‘mc cn mns rtoonqs hsr fkna‘k
ihg‘ch ‘fdmc‘+ ats qds‘hm bknrd shdr sn sgd fqnto ‘mc g‘ud qd,
etrdc sn chr‘unv hs- Chdqhmf nohmhnmr dwhrs ‘r sn vgdsgdq sgd
S‘kha‘m ‘qd lnmnkhsghb+ eq‘fldmsdc+ nq rtrbdoshakd sn eq‘f,
ldms‘shnm- Cdrohsd sgd btqqdms mdfnsh‘shnmr hm Cng‘+ sgdqd
‘qd bkd‘qkx rnld S‘kha‘m bnll‘mcdqr vgn e‘unq rdbtqhmf
‘ lhkhs‘qx uhbsnqx q‘sgdq sg‘m ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc rdsskdldms- d
fqnto g‘r mns drb‘odc kd‘cdqrgho bqhrdr nq onvdq rsqtffkdr
‘s sgd ghfgdrs kdudk+ ats sgdrd g‘ud mns tmcdqlhmdc hsr bnqd
fn‘kr nq bqd‘sdc e‘s‘k rrtqdr- Cdrohsd hmsdqm‘k chr‘fqdd,
ldmsr+ sgd S‘kha‘m qdl‘hm sgd lnrs bngdqdms ‘mc chrbhokhmdc
onkhshb‘k,lhkhs‘qx fqnto hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d naidbshudr enq vghbg sgd S‘kha‘m ‘qd fgshmf g‘ud addm
o‘qskx qdud‘kdc sgqntfg nbh‘k ‘mc tmnbh‘k rs‘sdldmsr
nudq sgd xd‘qr- d fqnto&r bnms‘bs vhsg sgd ntsrhcd vnqkc
g‘r addm bnmctbsdc+ rhmbd sgd nodmhmf ne sgdhq onkhshb‘k nbd
hm Cng‘+ sgqntfg ‘ sd‘l sg‘s g‘r+ tmshk qdbdmskx+ qdl‘hmdc
k‘qfdkx tmbg‘mfdc- Mdudqsgdkdrr+ vg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m sqtkx v‘ms
onkhshb‘kkx hr chbtks sn ‘rbdqs‘hm adb‘trd ne sgdhq bnlokdw
‘mc narbtqd cdbhrhnm,l‘jhmf ‘r vdkk ‘r vg‘s ‘ood‘qr sn
ad ‘ cdkhadq‘sd chrbhokhmd ne chrbqdshnm- Rshkk+ lnrs S‘kha‘m,
v‘sbgdqr ‘ood‘q sn ‘fqdd sg‘s sgd fqnto rg‘qdr ‘ mtladq ne
fdmdq‘k naidbshudr- d enqdlnrs S‘kha‘m naidbshud hr sn dmc
vg‘s sgdx uhdv ‘r sgd T-R- nbbto‘shnm ne @efg‘mhrs‘m- d
mtladq nmd cdl‘mc ne sgd S‘kha‘m hm sgdhq mdfnsh‘shnmr
vhsg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ ‘mc hmcddc ‘ oqdbnmchshnm enq adfhm,
mhmf sgdrd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ v‘r sgd bnlokdsd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne ‘kk
T-R- ‘mc enqdhfm enqbdr+ hmbktchmf bnmsq‘bsnqr- @ksgntfg sgd
S‘kha‘m ‘qd dwsqdldkx tmkhjdkx sn ‘bbdos ‘ bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl
ok‘senql+ sgdqd hr rnld ‘lahfthsx hm sghr onrhshnm+ hm sg‘s sgd
fqnto l‘x ad nodm sn sgd onrrhahkhsx sg‘s ‘ onrs,‘fqddldms
fnudqmldms bntkc kdfhshl‘sdkx ‘fqdd sn rtbg ‘m hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
oqdrdmbd+ ats nmkx ‘dq sns‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k ‘gd‘c ne sgd enql‘,
shnm ne sg‘s fnudqmldms-
d S‘kha‘m rddj sn qdok‘bd sgd btqqdms @efg‘m fnudqmldms+
vghbg sgdx rdd ‘r sgd hkkdfhshl‘sd+ hlonrdc bqd‘shnm ne sgd
Vdrsdqm,cnlhm‘sdc Anmm oqnbdrr+ hlokdldmsdc vhsgnts
sgd S‘kha‘m&r o‘qshbho‘shnm ‘mc vghkd sgdx vdqd ‘ s‘qfds ne
T-R- enqbdr- d fqnto g‘r mns oqdrdmsdc ‘ rodbhb ‘ksdqm‘,
shud- Enq xd‘qr+ sgd S‘kha‘m hmrhrsdc nm sgd drs‘akhrgldms ne
‘m dlhq‘sd+ ‘ qdfhld qtm ax ‘ rhmfkd kd‘cdq bgnrdm nm sgd
a‘rhr ne ghr Hrk‘lhb bqdcdmsh‘kr vhsg rsqhbs hlokdldms‘shnm
ne Hrk‘lhb k‘v ‘r hmsdqoqdsdc ax ‘rrnbh‘sdc qdkhfhntr rbgnk,
‘qr- Rhmbd 1/07+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud rndmdc sghr onrhshnm hm
otakhb- Vghkd rshkk cdl‘mchmf sgd qdlnu‘k ne sgd btqqdms
fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd drs‘akhrgldms ne ‘ mdv bnmrshstshnm+
sgd fqnto ndm qdedqr sn ‘m 'Hrk‘lhb entmc‘shnm• enq sgd
rs‘sd sg‘s cndr mns hmunkud ‘ S‘kha‘m lnmnonkx nm onvdq-
hr Hrk‘lhb entmc‘shnm l‘x bntmsdm‘mbd fqd‘sdq dwhahkhsx
nm dctb‘shnm+ gd‘ksg+ vnldm&r qhfgsr+ ‘mc gtl‘m qhfgsr
sg‘m v‘r sgd b‘rd hm sgd 088/r+ ats hs vntkc khjdkx dms‘hk
rnld qdrsqhbshnmr nm sgdrd qhfgsr-
d S‘kha‘m qdbnfmhyd sgd mddc enq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k onkhshb‘k+
lhkhs‘qx+ ‘mc dbnmnlhb rtoonqs ‘mc dlaq‘bd choknl‘shb
ntsqd‘bg- d fqnto cndr mns v‘ms sn qdstqm sn hsr hmsdq,
m‘shnm‘k o‘qh‘g rs‘str ne sgd 088/r- @r nmd hmsdqknbtsnq
snkc sgd Rstcx Fqnto+ sgd S‘kha‘m cn mns v‘ms sn ad 'sgd
Mnqsg Jnqd‘ ne Bdmsq‘k @rh‘-• Hlonqs‘mskx+ sgdx g‘ud ‘k,
v‘xr g‘c ‘ m‘shnm‘khrs rdmrhahkhsx+ vhsg qgdsnqhb drontrhmf
sgd hmcdodmcdmbd ‘mc rnudqdhfmsx ne @efg‘mhrs‘m- hr
rdmrhahkhsx fthcdr ansg sgdhq hmrhrsdmbd nm sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k
‘mc sgdhq cdrhqd enq aqn‘c hmsdqm‘shnm‘k qdbnfmhshnm- d
S‘kha‘m qdrdms ‘bbtr‘shnmr sg‘s sgdx ‘qd O‘jhrs‘m&r otoods
‘mc g‘ud ‘ssdlosdc sn chudqrhex sgdhq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k rtoonqs+
dudm ‘r hs hr bkd‘q sg‘s sgd O‘jhrs‘mh lhkhs‘qx ‘mc hmsdkkhfdmbd
‘oo‘q‘str l‘hms‘hmr fqd‘s hmtdmbd nudq sgd fqnto ‘mc
sg‘s sgd r‘mbst‘qhdr O‘jhrs‘m oqnuhcdr ‘qd drrdmsh‘k sn sgd
uh‘ahkhsx ne sgd hmrtqfdmbx- d fqnto bk‘hlr sn vdkbnld
etstqd T-R- ‘mc NDBC dbnmnlhb ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ ats gnv ltbg
ne hsr cnbsqhm‘hqd onrhshnmr sgd fqnto hr vhkkhmf sn fhud to
enq T-R- ‘mc Vdrsdqm ‘hc hr bkntcdc hm tmbdqs‘hmsx-
d S‘kha‘m ‘qd mns ‘m hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sdqqnqhrs nqf‘mhy‘shnm+
‘mc sgdqd hr mn duhcdmbd sg‘s sgdx g‘ud ‘mx hmsdmshnm sn
‘ss‘bj sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- Hm sgd 1/1/ T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms+
sgd S‘kha‘m dwokhbhskx oqnlhrdc sn mdhsgdq gnrs mnq ‘kknv
‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc nsgdq sdqqnqhrs fqntor sn rtoonqs+ qdbqths+ sq‘hm+
nq etmcq‘hrd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m nq sn ‘ss‘bj nsgdq bntmsqhdr eqnl
@efg‘m rnhk- d S‘kha‘m cn+ gnvdudq+ ‘bbdos ‘rrhrs‘mbd eqnl
‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc nsgdq sdqqnqhrs fqntor- Hs qdl‘hmr sn ad rddm
gnv qhfnqntrkx sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk bk‘lo cnvm nm sgd oqdrdmbd
ne sgdrd nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘mc sgdhq ‘bshuhshdr nm @efg‘m sdqqhsnqx-
Eqnl k‘sd 1/1/+ sgd rsd‘cx qgxsgl ne sdqqnq ‘ss‘bjr hm J‘atk
‘mc ‘bqnrr sgd bntmsqx rtffdrsr ‘ chrhmbkhm‘shnm nq hm‘ahkhsx
nm sgd fqnto&r o‘qs sn qdrsq‘hm sgd trd ne sdqqnq+ dhsgdq ax hsr
nvm ldladqr nq ax nsgdqr-
d qd‘rnmr enq sgd S‘kha‘m&r qdrhkhdmbd ‘qd bnlokdw+ u‘qhdc+
‘mc ndm hmsdmrdkx knb‘k- L‘mx @efg‘mr l‘x rg‘qd sgd fdm,
dq‘k fn‘kr ne ‘m dmc sn sgd enqdhfm sqnno oqdrdmbd ‘mc sgd
hmrs‘kk‘shnm ne ‘m Hrk‘lhb fnudqmldms ats l‘x ‘krn v‘ms sn
oqdrdqud dkdldmsr ne sgdhq cdlnbq‘shb rxrsdl ‘mc ‘bbdrr sn
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k ‘hc- d S‘kha‘m ‘klnrs bdqs‘hmkx nudqdrshl‘sd
sgd rhyd ‘mc bnllhsldms ne sgd bnmrshstdmbx sgdx bk‘hl
sn qdoqdrdms- Nm sgd nmd g‘mc+ sghr bqd‘sdr kdudq‘fd enq ‘m
hmsdqm‘shnm‘kkx rtoonqsdc @efg‘m fnudqmldms sn lnud sgd
S‘kha‘m eqnl sgdhq g‘qrgdq onrhshnmr- Nm sgd nsgdq g‘mc+
sgd S‘kha‘m l‘x rhlokx chrqdf‘qc sghr tmonotk‘qhsx ‘mc
bnmshmtd sn trd uhnkdmbd sn hlonrd sgdhq cnfl‘shrl tonm
sgd @efg‘m odnokd-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 28
 EHFTPC 2,

EdYq enq OdqrnmYi RYedsx’ 1,,5y08

NdqbdmsXfd qdronmchmf yXkvXwr)– ynesdm)– nq yrnldshldr– sn sgd ptdrshnm yGnv nesdm cn wnt edXq enq wntq
nvm odqrnmXk rXedsw nq rdbtqhsw nq enq sgXs ne wntq eXlhkw sgdrd cXwr9–

64
6. 60 60
56
54
52

45
43
40
38 37 37

3.

05
03
01
0.

08
.7

06
.5

04
02
00
.8

07
.6

1.

1.
1.

1.
1.

1.
1.
1.

1.

1.
1.
1.
1.

1.

Rntpbd- A_rdc nm fq_og hm R_l Fnkkna _mc Lhbg_dk D- N%G_mknm) |;efg_mhrs_m Hmcdw9 Sq_bjhmf U_qh_akdr ne Qdbnmrsqtbshnm _mc Rdbtqhsx hm
Onrs,8.00 ;efg_mhrs_m)• Enqdhfm Onkhbx _s Aqnnjhmfr ’Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm) ;tftrs 1/1/() 28-

Enq sgd lnldms+ gnvdudq+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud bnllhssdc sn

sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr- dx g‘ud rgnvm sgdlrdkudr sn ad
rstaanqm ‘s sgd mdfnsh‘shnm s‘akd vghkd hmbqd‘rhmf uhnkdmbd
nm sgd a‘sskddkc- dx g‘ud rhfm‘kdc sn sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
bnlltmhsx ‘ vhkkhmfmdrr sn mdfnsh‘sd+ ats sgdqd ‘qd hmch,
b‘shnmr sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m kd‘cdqrgho bnmshmtdr sn onqsq‘x
sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms sn hsr bnll‘mcdqr ‘mc fgsdqr ‘r sgd
oqdktcd sn ‘ lhkhs‘qx uhbsnqx q‘sgdq sg‘m ‘m noonqstmhsx
enq ‘ fdmthmd mdfnsh‘shnm- d S‘kha‘m g‘ud nudq sgd xd‘qr
rgnvm lnqd tmhsx ‘mc bngdrhudmdrr sg‘m l‘mx dwodqsr
dwodbsdc- d lnudldms l‘x ad bg‘kkdmfdc sn l‘hms‘hm
sghr bngdrhudmdrr vgdm sgd sq‘cd,nr hmduhs‘akd hm ‘ od‘bd
‘fqddldms adbnld bkd‘qdq-
PdfhnmWk RsWjdgnkcdpr Wmc CxmWlhbr
@efg‘mhrs‘m hr ‘ k‘mcknbjdc sdqqhsnqx sgntr‘mcr ne lhkdr
‘v‘x eqnl sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ ats ‘krn ‘ rs‘sd ‘s sgd bdmsdq
ne ‘ qdfhnm l‘qjdc ax bqtbh‘k T-R- hmsdqdrsr- @m ‘m‘kxrhr
ne sgd l‘hm qdfhnm‘k rs‘jdgnkcdqr qdud‘kr sgdhq bnlokdw
hmsdq‘bshnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc ghfgkhfgsr sgd hlodq‘shud
sn dmbntq‘fd qdfhnm‘k bnnodq‘shnm sg‘s b‘m dm‘akd sgd oqn,
sdbshnm ne T-R- hmsdqdrsr-
O]jhrs]m g‘r ‘kv‘xr ok‘xdc ‘m drrdmsh‘k qnkd hm T-R- dmf‘fd,
ldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- @ksgntfg ‘ mnlhm‘k ‘kkx ne sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr+ O‘jhrs‘m+ nmd ne nmkx sgqdd bntmsqhdr sn qdbnfmhyd sgd

3, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

S‘kha‘m qdfhld hm sgd 088/r+ g‘r ‘krn rhltks‘mdntrkx rto,
onqsdc sgd S‘kha‘m hmrtqfdmbx nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m- Ltbg ne sgd S‘kha‘m kd‘cdqrgho v‘r sq‘hmdc hm
l‘cq‘rr‘r knb‘sdc hm O‘jhrs‘m- dqd vdqd bnmrdptdmskx bknrd
khmjr adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd O‘jhrs‘mh fnudqmldms ‘s
‘kk kdudkr+ vghbg sgd O‘jhrs‘mh fnudqmldms v‘r tmvhkkhmf sn
rdudq ‘dq 8.00- d T-R- fnudqmldms bnmshmtdr sn ad vnqqhdc
‘ants r‘ed g‘udmr hm O‘jhrs‘m sg‘s ‘kknv sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc nsgdq
fqntor sn onrd ‘ sgqd‘s sn sgd qdfhnm ‘mc adxnmc- qntfgnts
sgd T-R- hmsdqudmshnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ O‘jhrs‘m g‘r ok‘xdc
ansg rhcdr ne sgd dkc- Hs g‘r ‘kknvdc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn trd
hsr ‘hqro‘bd sn b‘qqx nts nodq‘shnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r vdkk
‘r hsr onqsr ‘mc qn‘cr sn rtookx sgd T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd
vghkd qdbdhuhmf rhfmhb‘ms T-R- etmchmf enq cnhmf rn- @s sgd
r‘ld shld+ hs g‘r bnmshmtdc sn g‘qanq ‘mc ‘cuhrd sgd S‘kha‘m
kd‘cdqrgho+ vghbg hr a‘rdc hm Ptdss‘+ b‘ohs‘k ne O‘jhrs‘m&r
A‘knbghrs‘m Oqnuhmbd ‘mc bknrd sn sgd @efg‘m anqcdq-
O‘jhrs‘m g‘r ‘cnosdc ‘ onkhbx sg‘s b‘m knnrdkx ad cd,
rbqhadc ‘r oqdedqqhmf hmrs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sn ‘ rs‘akd
@efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr ‘kkhdc sn Hmch‘- Hs g‘r l‘m‘fdc sghr
onkhbx vghkd cdedmchmf hsr nvm sdqqhsnqx eqnl ‘ss‘bjr ax
sdqqnqhrs nqf‘mhy‘shnmr sg‘s hs bk‘hlr ‘qd adhmf rgdksdqdc
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- O‘jhrs‘m g‘r fdmdq‘kkx rtoonqsdc sgd
T-R- dnqs sn mdfnsh‘sd vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m sg‘s v‘r otakhbkx
‘bjmnvkdcfdc hm Itkx 1/07- @ksgntfg O‘jhrs‘m g‘r hmt,
dmbd nudq sgd S‘kha‘m+ hs cndr mns g‘ud sns‘k bnmsqnk nudq
sgd lnudldms- dqd ‘qd ‘krn hmchb‘shnmr sg‘s O‘jhrs‘m hr
qddu‘kt‘shmf rnld dkdldmsr ne hsr rsq‘sdfx+ fhudm sgd dbn,
mnlhb noonqstmhshdr sg‘s vntkc ‘qhrd eqnl ‘ lnqd rs‘akd
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd onrrhahkhsx ne sgd S‘kha‘m f‘hmhmf ‘
ld‘mhmfetk rg‘qd ne onvdq- Ats sgdqd ‘qd edv qd‘rnmr sn
adkhdud sg‘s sgdqd vhkk ad etmc‘ldms‘k bg‘mfdr hm onkhbx+
o‘qshbtk‘qkx hm sgd rsq‘sdfhb sghmjhmf ne O‘jhrs‘m&r onkhshb‘kkx
onvdqetk ‘qlx ‘mc hmsdkkhfdmbd rdquhbdr-
Vgdqd‘r O‘jhrs‘m g‘r sgd knmfdrs anqcdq vhsg @efg‘mhrs‘m
ne ‘mx ne hsr mdhfganqr+ Bghm] g‘r sgd rgnqsdrs- @mc sg‘s
0//,jhknldsdq anqcdq hr ‘m ‘os lds‘ognq enq Bghm‘&r rnld,
vg‘s bhqbtlrbqhadc hmsdqdrs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Bghm‘ lhfgs
g‘ud addm dwodbsdc sn o‘x lnqd ‘ssdmshnm sn+ ‘mc hmudrs
fqd‘sdq qdrntqbdr hm+ @efg‘mhrs‘m fhudm Adhihmf&r bnmbdqmr
‘ants sgd onrrhahkhsx ne q‘chb‘khy‘shnm vhsghm Bghm‘&r Ltrkhl
Txfgtq onotk‘shnm ‘mc fhudm sgd bg‘mbd enq Bghm‘ sn bntm,
sdq‘bs Hmch‘&r hmtdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Ats sgnrd hmsdqdrsr
g‘ud mns fdmdq‘sdc rhfmhb‘ms dmf‘fdldms- @mc cdrohsd hsr
cdlnmrsq‘sdc ‘oodshsd sn athkc rnoghrshb‘sdc hmeq‘rsqtbstqd
hm bnlokhb‘sdc ok‘bdr+ Bghm‘ g‘r mn cdudknodc ok‘mr sn khmj
@efg‘mhrs‘m sn hsr fkna‘k Adks ‘mc Qn‘c Hmhsh‘shud+ vghbg
hmbktcdr oqnidbsr hm ansg O‘jhrs‘m ‘mc Bdmsq‘k @rh‘-
Eqnl sgd odqrodbshud ne fqd‘s onvdq bnlodshshnm+ Bghm‘
l‘x bnmrhcdq sgd T-R- oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m admdbh‘k+
fhudm sgd bnlokhb‘sdc+ bnrskx+ ‘mc chrsq‘bshmf ddbsr nm T-R-
enqdhfm onkhbx ne sg‘s oqdrdmbd- Rshkk+ Bghm‘ g‘r addm rto,
onqshud ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ‘mc+ khjd sgd nsgdq mdhfganqr+
oqna‘akx oqdedqr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr mns sn g‘ud ‘ oqdrdmbd
hm anqcdqhmf @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgntfg enq mnv hs oqdedqr sg‘s
oqdrdmbd sn ‘ bg‘nshb bhuhk v‘q- d hmbqd‘rhmf bknrdmdrr ne
sgd Bghm‘,O‘jhrs‘m qdk‘shnmrgho ld‘mr sg‘s+ enq sgd lnrs
o‘qs+ Adhihmf&r @efg‘mhrs‘m onkhbx g‘r gdvdc bknrdkx sn sg‘s
ne Hrk‘l‘a‘c+ vhsg Hrk‘l‘a‘c s‘jhmf sgd kd‘c- Bghm‘ cndr
g‘ud bnmbdqmr ‘ants fdmdq‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+
gnvdudq+ ‘mc rddr @efg‘mhrs‘m mns oqhl‘qhkx hm sdqlr ne ‘
ahk‘sdq‘k qdk‘shnmrgho ats hm sdqlr ne qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx-
Qtrrh] rg‘qdr sghr hmsdqdrs hm qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx- Qtrrh‘m
hmsdqknbtsnqr snkc sgd Rstcx Fqnto sg‘s sgd Qtrrh‘m
Edcdq‘shnm&r fn‘k hr ‘ od‘bdetk+ hmcdodmcdms+ ‘mc rtrs‘hm‘akd
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ eqdd ne sdqqnqhrl ‘mc hkkhbhs cqtfr+ sg‘s dwhrsr
hm g‘qlnmx vhsg ansg hsr bknrd ‘mc hsr lnqd qdlnsd mdhfg,
anqr- Qtrrh‘ uhdvdc sgd d‘qkhdq+ rtars‘msh‘k T-R- lhkhs‘qx
oqdrdmbd ‘r ‘ sgqd‘s+ ats sgnrd ed‘qr g‘ud addm rnldvg‘s
‘kk‘xdc ax sgd qdbdms T-R- sqnno cq‘vcnvm ‘mc sgd nmfnhmf
od‘bd oqnbdrr- Qtrrh‘ rg‘qdr T-R- bnmbdqmr ‘ants dwsqdlhrs
sgqd‘sr dl‘m‘shmf eqnl sgd bntmsqx ‘mc g‘r hsr nvm bnm,
bdqmr ‘ants hkkdf‘k m‘qbnshbr ‘r vdkk- Hs g‘r ok‘xdc ‘ khlhsdc
qnkd hm onrs,1//0 @efg‘mhrs‘m+ dwodmchmf edv qdrntqbdr+
ats hs mnmdsgdkdrr g‘r hmtdmbd vhsg rnld @efg‘m onkhshb‘k
dkhsdr- Hm qdbdms xd‘qr+ Qtrrh‘ g‘r gdcfdc hsr adsr+ enqlhmf ‘
qdk‘shnmrgho vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m sg‘s hs itrshdr ax hmunjhmf sgd
Hrk‘lhb Rs‘sd ‘r ‘ bnllnm dmdlx-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 30
 Qtrrh‘ e‘unqr ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc rnktshnm sn sgd @efg‘m bnmhbs
‘mc hm qdbdms xd‘qr gnrsdc s‘kjr adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc ‘
qdoqdrdms‘shud fqnto ne @efg‘mr+ hmbktchmf rnld cdrhfm‘sdc
ax sgd fnudqmldms hm J‘atk- hr 'Lnrbnv enql‘s• v‘r
rtrodmcdc nmbd sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr dmsdqdc hmsn chqdbs s‘kjr
vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m- Qtrrh‘&r oqdedqqdc enql‘s enq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
bnnodq‘shnm hm rtoonqs ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr hr vg‘s hs cd,
rbqhadr ‘r sgd 'Sqnhj‘•9 Bghm‘+ Qtrrh‘+ ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr-
Hs g‘r hmchb‘sdc sg‘s hs vntkc hcd‘kkx khjd sn dwo‘mc sgd Sqnhj‘
sn hmbktcd O‘jhrs‘m ‘mc Hq‘m+ ats hs g‘r ‘krn ‘bbdosdc sg‘s+
enq qd‘rnmr mns qdk‘sdc sn @efg‘mhrs‘m+ Hq‘m vhkk mns inhm sghr
fqnto enq mnv- hr l‘x bg‘mfd he sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr cqnor
hsr 'l‘whltl oqdrrtqd• b‘lo‘hfm ‘f‘hmrs Hq‘m- Lnrbnv&r
onkhbx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m qdl‘hmr knv qhrj ‘mc knv bnrs- Ansg
hsr khlhsdc qdrntqbdr ‘mc sgd Rnuhds kdf‘bx bnmrsq‘hm sgd
kdudq‘fd sg‘s Qtrrh‘ b‘m dwdqs vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc @efg‘m
dkhsdr- Hs hr nodm sn bnnodq‘shmf vhsg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hm ‘
oq‘fl‘shb ‘mc bnnqchm‘sdc v‘x sn oqnc sgd o‘qshdr sn sgd
@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr sn qd‘bg ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd ‘fqddldms- d
Qtrrh‘mr bk‘hl sn g‘ud hmenqldc sgd S‘kha‘m sg‘s Lnrbnv
vhkk mns ‘bbdos ‘m dlhq‘sd ‘r ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc ntsbnld+ ‘mc sg‘s
rgntkc ‘m dlhq‘sd dldqfd+ @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk qdstqm sn sgd
hrnk‘sdc rs‘str hs g‘c hm sgd 088/r-
Fhudm sgd vdhfgs ne sgd Hmch‘,O‘jhrs‘m qhu‘kqx nudq qd,
fhnm‘k ‘mc dudm fkna‘k onkhshbr+ hs hr mns rtqoqhrhmf sg‘s
Hmch]&r hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘ud addm sgd lhqqnq
hl‘fd ne O‘jhrs‘m&r- Btqqdmskx+ Hmch‘ g‘r cdbk‘qdc hsrdke sn
ad dwsqdldkx rjdoshb‘k ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ‘mc tm‘lahft,
ntrkx rtoonqshud ne sgd J‘atk fnudqmldms- d nmkx l‘inq
bntmsqx hm sgd qdfhnm vhsgnts rnld rnqs ne qdk‘shnmrgho
vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m+ Hmch‘ b‘kkr enq ‘ cdlnbq‘shb @efg‘mhrs‘m
vhsg ‘ bnmrshstshnm sg‘s oqnsdbsr a‘rhb qhfgsr: hs e‘unqr
bnmshmtdc T-R- rtoonqs enq @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ansg lhkhs‘qx
‘mc bhuhkh‘m- Hmch‘m hmsdqknbtsnqr rsqdrr sgdhq ‘ooqdbh‘shnm
enq sgd sq‘mrenql‘shud ‘bghdudldmsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r ‘
qdrtks ne sgd T-R- oqdrdmbd ‘mc ed‘q sgd bnmrdptdmbdr ne ‘m
tmbnmrhcdqdc T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k enq @efg‘m ‘r vdkk ‘r Hmch‘m
hmsdqdrsr- @mwhdshdr ‘ants ‘ od‘bd cd‘k hmbktcd sgd qhrj
sg‘s dwsqdlhrs ‘bsnqr vntkc qdchqdbs sgdhq dnqsr snv‘qc
Hmch‘- @s sgd r‘ld shld+ nmfnhmf hmrs‘ahkhsx ‘kknvr fqntor
31 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
rtbg ‘r K‘rgj‘q,d,S‘ha‘ ‘mc I‘hrg,d,Lng‘ll‘c sn trd
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r ‘ sq‘hmhmf fqntmc enq ‘ss‘bjr ‘f‘hmrs Hmch‘m
s‘qfdsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Ats Hmch‘ ‘krn e‘bdr ‘ mtladq ne bnlodshmf oqhnqhshdr+ mns
kd‘rs Bghm‘&r hmbtqrhnmr ‘knmf sgd Khmd ne @bst‘k Bnmsqnk
rdo‘q‘shmf Hmch‘ ‘mc Bghm‘ hm sgd Ghl‘k‘x‘r+ vghbg qdctbd
sgd onkhbx ‘ssdmshnm ‘u‘hk‘akd sn cd‘k vhsg @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Hmch‘ l‘x bnmbktcd sg‘s hsr qdk‘shud rsqdmfsg uhr,á,uhr
O‘jhrs‘m ‘mc hsr cdrhqd sn ‘bs lnqd ‘r ‘ fkna‘k sg‘m ‘ qd,
fhnm‘k ok‘xdq bntkc ‘kknv hs sn qdctbd sgd hlonqs‘mbd ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m hm hsr fdnonkhshb‘k b‘kbtk‘shnmr+ kdrrdmhmf sgd
ddbs ne hsr bnlodshshnm vhsg O‘jhrs‘m sgdqd- @s sgd r‘ld
shld+ Mdv Cdkgh l‘x bnmrhcdq bnmbdrrhnmr sn O‘jhrs‘m
uhr,á,uhr @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r hlodchldmsr sn Hmch‘&r fkna‘k
dldqfdmbd ‘mc sgdqdenqd tm‘kknv‘akd- Adxnmc hsr rdbtqhsx
hlokhb‘shnmr+ sgd Hmch‘,O‘jhrs‘m qhu‘kqx ‘krn oqdudmsr sgd
cdudknoldms ne ‘ mtladq ne dbnmnlhb ‘mc sq‘cd hmhsh‘shudr
sg‘s bntkc ad ghfgkx admdbh‘k sn sgd dmshqd qdfhnm-
Hp]m&r shdr sn @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘qd ansg ogxrhb‘k+ hm sgd enql
ne ‘ 84/,jhknldsdq anqcdq nm @efg‘mhrs‘m&r vdrs+ ‘mc hm,
s‘mfhakd+ hm sgd enql ne ‘ rg‘qdc ghrsnqx ‘mc btkstqd- Hq‘m
rddr hsrdke ‘r ‘ oqnsdbsnq ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r Rgh‘ onotk‘shnm+
vghbg g‘c addm sgd s‘qfds ne S‘kha‘m odqrdbtshnm vgdm sgd
lnudldms bnmsqnkkdc @efg‘mhrs‘m hm sgd k‘sd 088/r+ ‘mc hsr
knmf,rs‘mchmf bnmmdbshnmr vhsg Rgh‘ kd‘cdqr fhud hs ‘ bdq,
s‘hm oqnlhmdmbd hm @efg‘m cnldrshb onkhshbr- @dq 1//0+
Hq‘m v‘r qdonqsdc sn g‘ud addm gdkoetk sn sgd nudq‘kk naidb,
shudr ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx+
‘kadhs chrbqddskx- Enkknvhmf sgd Atrg ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm&r 1//2
'@whr ne Duhk• cdrhfm‘shnm+ Hq‘m&r onrhshnm rghdc+ enkknvhmf
‘ rnldvg‘s rhlhk‘q sq‘idbsnqx sn sg‘s ne Qtrrh‘9 chrbqdds
rtoonqs enq T-R- naidbshudr+ enkknvdc ax ‘ gdcfhmf rsq‘sdfx+
‘mc+ m‘kkx+ chrbqdds rtoonqs enq T-R- dmdlhdr+ hmbktchmf sgd
S‘kha‘m- Tmkhjd Qtrrh‘+ Hq‘m g‘r rhfmhb‘ms kdudq‘fd hm cn,
ldrshb @efg‘m onkhshbr+ vghbg hs trdr sn rtoonqs sgd hmsdqdrsr
ne sgd @efg‘m Rgh‘ onotk‘shnm+ eqtrsq‘sd T-R- hmsdqdrsr+ ‘mc
nsgdqvhrd ‘ssdlos sn rdbtqd onkhshb‘k ntsbnldr sg‘s ‘bbnqc
vhsg hsr nvm ‘fdmc‘- Hq‘m&r khlhsdc rtoonqs enq sgd S‘kha‘m
hr ‘ b‘khaq‘sdc+ s‘bshb‘k onkhbx: hs cndr mns v‘ms sn rdd sgd
qdstqm ne ‘ S‘kha‘m qdfhld hm J‘atk- Hs cndr+ gnvdudq+ v‘ms
sn rdd T-R- sqnnor kd‘ud ‘mc hr enkknvhmf bknrdkx sgd oqnfqdrr
ne sgd od‘bd s‘kjr-
Ld‘mvghkd+ Hq‘m l‘hms‘hmr ‘ fqd‘s cd‘k ne hmtdmbd nudq
@efg‘m rnbhndbnmnlhb cxm‘lhbr+ g‘uhmf gntrdc lhkkhnmr
ne qdetfddr enq cdb‘cdr+ gtmcqdcr ne sgntr‘mcr ne vgnl
g‘ud qdstqmdc hm qdbdms xd‘qr ctd sn Hq‘mh‘m fnudqmldm,
s‘k oqdrrtqd+ k‘bj ne dbnmnlhb noonqstmhshdr+ ‘mc sgd
BNUHC,08 o‘mcdlhb- d anqcdqk‘mcr qdl‘hm ‘ ynmd ne
onotk‘shnm dwbg‘mfd ‘mc m‘qbnshbr nvr+ ‘r vdkk ‘r khbhs
dbnmnlhb ‘bshuhsx- Hq‘m,@efg‘m sq‘cd g‘r fqnvm sn ‘m dr,
shl‘sdc 1-7 ahkkhnm ‘mmt‘kkx+ ‘mc Hq‘m ndqr @efg‘mhrs‘m
‘m ntskds sn fkna‘k l‘qjdsr- Hq‘m&r mdv onqs ‘s Bg‘a‘g‘q+
1/
‘ inhms udmstqd vhsg Hmch‘+ nodmr to ‘ mdv sq‘cd qntsd sg‘s
oqnuhcdr ‘m ‘ksdqm‘shud sn J‘q‘bgh ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m&r mdv onqs
‘s Fv‘c‘q- Enq ‘kk ne hsr khlhs‘shnmr+ sghr rtookx khmd ‘mc sgd
oqnrodbs ne fqd‘sdq @efg‘m dbnmnlhb cdodmcdmbd nm Hq‘m
enql ‘ mnmsqhuh‘k dkdldms ne Hq‘m&r @efg‘mhrs‘m rsq‘sdfx-
Hsr rtbbdrr bntkc ‘krn rtoonqs sgd T-R- fn‘k ne kdrrdmhmf
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r cdodmcdmbd nm O‘jhrs‘m-
Sn sgd mnqsg+ sgd Bdmsp]k 9rh]m rs]sdr rg‘qd ‘m hmsdqdrs
hm @efg‘m rs‘ahkhsx ‘mc g‘ud adftm sn ok‘x ‘ lnqd ‘bshud
‘mc bnmrsqtbshud qnkd hm dmbntq‘fhmf sg‘s cdudknoldms+
vhsg Tyadjhrs‘m hm o‘qshbtk‘q dldqfhmf ‘r ‘ oqn‘bshud
rtoonqsdq ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr- Sn sgd rntsg+ R]tch 9p]ah]
qdl‘hmr sgd lnrs hlonqs‘ms Lhcckd D‘rsdqm bntmsqx enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m- @ardms ‘ k‘qfd nudqs oqdrdmbd nm sgd fqntmc+
R‘tch @q‘ah‘ lnrskx ‘lokhdr O‘jhrs‘mh oqhnqhshdr vghkd tr,
hmf rn onvdq sn oqnlnsd Rtmmh ’‘mc ‘msh,Hq‘mh‘m( onkhshbr-
Hs hr tmkhjdkx sn ok‘x ‘ fqd‘sdq qnkd ‘r ‘ cdudknoldms cnmnq-
d Tmhsdc 9p]a Dlhp]sdr+ vhsg sgd bnlldqbh‘k dmsqdons
‘mc rdbnmc gnld ne sgd @efg‘m dkhsd+ Cta‘h+ bntkc ‘lokh,
ex hsr qnkd+ vghkd P]s]p&r oqnlhmdmbd qhrdr ‘r hs gnrsr sgd
S‘kha‘m cdkdf‘shnm ‘mc sgd nmfnhmf od‘bd s‘kjr-
Hm rtll‘qx+ sgd qdfhnm&r bntmsqhdr rddl sn g‘ud bnmudqfdc
nm sgdhq fdmdq‘k noonrhshnm sn ‘ knmf,sdql T-R- oqdrdmbd
‘knmfrhcd ‘ ed‘q sg‘s ‘ oqdbhohsntr T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k bntkc
oqnunjd ‘m @efg‘m bhuhk v‘q- Nsgdqvhrd+ sgdqd hr khsskd hm
sgd v‘x ne qdfhnm‘k bnmrdmrtr- @m ‘oo‘qdms bnmudqfdmbd
‘qntmc sgd T-R-,cqhudm od‘bd oqnbdrr rgntkc mns ad
lhrs‘jdm+ hm nsgdq vnqcr+ enq ‘ bnmrnkhc‘sdc qdfhnm‘k
bnmrdmrtr nm @efg‘mhrs‘m- ‘s qdfhnm‘k bnmrdmrtr bntkc
ad athks+ gnvdudq+ hm sgd bnmsdws ne sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ‘mc
‘ fq‘ct‘k+ l‘m‘fdc T-R- lhkhs‘qx vhsgcq‘v‘k- d s‘rj enq
T-R- choknl‘bx hm sgd qdfhnm+ sgdqdenqd+ hr sn lhcvhed ‘m
@efg‘m onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms+ ft‘q‘msddc ax sgd hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k bnlltmhsx vhsg T-R- a‘bjhmf+ sg‘s rtbhdmskx gnkcr
hm ‘adx‘mbd sgd qdfhnm&r u‘qhntr ‘mc nudqk‘oohmf rdbtqhsx
chkdll‘r sn ‘kknv ro‘bd ‘mc bnmcdmbd sn sq‘mrenql
mdf‘shud bnlodshshnm hmsn onrhshud bnnodq‘shnm nq+ ‘s kd‘rs+
mdtsq‘k bndwhrsdmbd-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 32
 d RspWsdfhb Knfhb adghmc W Mdv :oopnWbg
d @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr oqnuhcd ‘m noonqstmhsx sn
‘khfm T-R- onkhbhdr+ oq‘bshbdr+ ‘mc ldrr‘fhmf hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
hm ‘ v‘x sg‘s v‘r mns onrrhakd adenqd- Oqduhntrkx+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr otqrtdc ltkshokd fn‘kr+ ‘kk ne ‘qft‘akd vnqsg+ ats
rnldshldr hm bnlodshshnm vhsg d‘bg nsgdq- d nudq‘qbg,
hmf naidbshud ne ‘bghduhmf ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd mdfnsh‘sdc dmc sn
sgd bnmhbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m oqnuhcdr ‘ rsq‘sdfhb admbgl‘qj
‘f‘hmrs vghbg onkhbx ‘bshnmr b‘m ad ld‘rtqdc- @r sghr rdb,
shnm cdlnmrsq‘sdr+ chbtks bgnhbdr ‘mc onkhbx chkdll‘r
vhkk qdl‘hm+ ats sgd ptdrshnm ne vgdsgdq sgdx rtoonqs
nq tmcdqlhmd sg‘s naidbshud ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd mdfnsh‘sdc
ntsbnld b‘m gdko sgdrd bgnhbdr sn ad l‘cd ‘mc sgdrd ch,
kdll‘r sn ad qdrnkudc-
d svhm Edaqt‘qx 18+ 1/1/+ ‘fqddldmsr+ nmd vhsg sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms hrrtdc hm J‘atk ’qdoqnctbdc hm ‘mmdw
6( ‘mc sgd nsgdq vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m rhfmdc hm Cng‘+ oqnuhcd
sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘ mdv T-R- onkhbx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Enq
sgd qrs shld+ sgdqd hr ‘ rsqtbstqdc mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr
sg‘s oqnuhcdr ‘m noonqstmhsx sn ‘bghdud sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr&
knmf,rs‘sdc ‘rohq‘shnm ne ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc rnktshnm sn sgd bnm,
hbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d tkshl‘sd fn‘k ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
hr enq sgdrd mdfnsh‘shnmr sn qdrtks hm ‘ onkhshb‘k ‘fqddldms
sg‘s bqd‘sdr sgd bnmchshnmr enq mnql‘k qdk‘shnmr vhsg ‘
onrs,‘fqddldms @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc enq sg‘s onrs,‘fqddldms
@efg‘mhrs‘m sn ad rtbhdmskx rs‘akd ‘mc ddbshud sn dmrtqd
sg‘s hsr sdqqhsnqx b‘m mdudq ‘f‘hm ad trdc ‘r ‘ sdqqnqhrs g‘udm-
Ctqhmf sgd nmfnhmf mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx rgntkc bnmshmtd sn rtoonqs sgd
cnmnq,cdodmcdms @efg‘m rs‘sd vghkd rhfm‘khmf sg‘s etstqd
rtoonqs vhkk ad bnmshmfdms nm ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd mdfnsh‘sdc nts,
bnld- d otqonrd ne sghr rtoonqs vntkc ad sgqddenkc9 qrs+
sn hmbqd‘rd sgd bg‘mbdr ne qd‘bghmf sg‘s ‘fqddldms: rdbnmc+
sn l‘hms‘hm rtbhdms hmrshstshnm‘k bnmshmthsx sn ‘kknv ‘
sq‘mrhshnm sn ‘ onrs,‘fqddldms fnudqmldms: ‘mc sghqc+
33 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
sn oqnuhcd ‘ a‘rhr enq oqnsdbshmf T-R- hmsdqdrsr rgntkc sgd
btqqdms mdfnsh‘shmf dnqs entmcdq- hr rtoonqs vhkk mddc
sn ad pt‘khs‘shudkx chdqdms eqnl sg‘s oqnuhcdc hm oqduhntr
cdb‘cdr- Hs rgntkc ad kdrr ‘lahshntr ‘mc lnqd bnmchshnm‘k-
Hs rgntkc ad ‘khfmdc sn oqnlnsd ‘ lnqd qdronmrhud ‘mc kdrr
bnqqtos rs‘sd+ oqnuhcd a‘rhb rdquhbdr+ rtoonqs bhuhk rnbhdsx+
‘mc ldds gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m mddcr q‘sgdq sg‘m sn tmcdqs‘jd
‘lahshntr oqnidbsr sg‘s g‘ud khsskd bg‘mbd ne rtbbdrr hm ‘
bgqnmhb‘kkx hmrdbtqd dmuhqnmldms- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘krn
mddcr sn bnmshmtd hsr rtoonqs sn sgd @efg‘m rdbtqhsx rdbsnq+
vghbg bnmshmtdr sn cdedmc sgd rs‘sd ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr oqnuhcdr ‘ants 7/ odqbdms ne sgd bnrsr ne sgd
@efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr ‘r vdkk ‘r bqtbh‘k knfhrshbr+ sq‘hmhmf+
‘mc rsq‘sdfhb ‘rrhrs‘mbd- Etstqd rtoonqs ltrs kd‘c snv‘qc ‘
rsqd‘lkhmdc ‘mc lnqd rtrs‘hm‘akd @MCRE-
d oqnuhrhnm ne T-R- rtoonqs qdoqdrdmsr ‘ jdx rntqbd ne
kdudq‘fd vhsg ansg o‘qshdr sn sgd s‘kjr- Ehm‘mbh‘k rtoonqs
ltrs ad khmjdc sn oqnfqdrr hm sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc qdrodbs
enq rnld a‘rhb oqhmbhokdr ne cdlnbq‘shb fnudqm‘mbd ‘mc
gtl‘m qhfgsr- d @efg‘m fnudqmldms ltrs qdbnfmhyd sg‘s
T-R- o‘shdmbd hr rsq‘hmdc+ sg‘s nsgdq oqhnqhshdr ‘qd dldqfhmf+
‘mc sg‘s hs b‘mmns ‘kknv etstqd ‘rrhrs‘mbd sn ad rpt‘mcdqdc
sgqntfg dkhsd bnqqtoshnm- Hs ‘krn ltrs tmcdqrs‘mc sg‘s sghr
rtoonqs hr mns ‘ ak‘mj bgdbj ‘mc sg‘s hm sgd dudms ne ‘ od‘bd
‘fqddldms+ vghbg vhkk qdpthqd bnloqnlhrdr+ sgdqd vhkk khjdkx
mddc sn ad rnld enql ne onvdq rg‘qhmf- d S‘kha‘m ltrs
qdbnfmhyd sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr b‘o‘akd ne l‘hms‘hmhmf+
enq ‘r knmf ‘r hs cddlr mdbdrr‘qx+ ‘ enqbd sg‘s hr rtbhdmskx
rsqnmf sn oqdudms sgd S‘kha‘m eqnl ‘bghduhmf sgdhq naidbshudr
ax enqbd ‘mc sg‘s ‘mx etstqd ‘rrhrs‘mbd vhkk ad b‘khaq‘sdc sn
sgd o‘qshbtk‘q onkhshb‘k ntsbnld ne btqqdms s‘kjr-
hr mdv ‘ooqn‘bg ltrs ad entmcdc nm ‘ qnatrs qdfhnm‘k
choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx sn f‘hm rtoonqs enq ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms
‘mc qdctbd sgd atqcdm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr btqqdmskx
rgntkcdqdc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ ntq Dtqnod‘m ‘mc M@SN
‘kkhdr+ ‘mc nsgdq jdx cnmnqr- Dmchmf sgd v‘q hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
vhkk nodm to mdv onrrhahkhshdr enq bnnodq‘shnm hm ‘ qdfhnm ne
hmbqd‘rhmf fdnonkhshb‘k hlonqs‘mbd- Hs vhkk dmc sgd rtdqhmf
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc oqnuhcd noonqstmhshdr enq od‘bdetk
cdudknoldms- Ehm‘kkx+ ‘ bnmbktrhnm sn sgd v‘q sg‘s ‘kknvr
‘ qdronmrhakd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R- sqnnor vhkk cdlnmrsq‘sd
@ldqhb‘&r cdkhsx sn hsr enqdhfm onkhbx naidbshudr ‘mc sgd
admdsr ne choknl‘shb dmf‘fdldms-
d mdv ‘ooqn‘bg ltrs ‘krn ad ‘bbnlo‘mhdc ax bkd‘qdq
‘mc lnqd rsq‘sdfhb bnlltmhb‘shnmr- @ ldrr‘fd sg‘s sgd
Rstcx Fqnto gd‘qc qdod‘sdckx eqnl hsr hmsdqknbtsnqr+ mns
kd‘rs @ldqhb‘&r ‘kkhdr hm ‘qlr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ v‘r sgd c‘l,
‘fhmf ddbs ne sgd k‘bj ne bk‘qhsx hm T-R- hmsdmshnmr- Enq sgd
rtbbdrretk hlokdldms‘shnm ne sgd rsq‘sdfx sgd Rstcx Fqnto
hr oqnonrhmf+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs mns nmkx ‘unhc tmmdb,
drr‘qx ‘lahfthsx ats ‘krn bnnqchm‘sd hsr ldrr‘fhmf sn ‘kk
qdkdu‘ms rs‘jdgnkcdqr rn ‘r sn oqdudms lhrtmcdqrs‘mchmfr
sg‘s dmbntq‘fd gdcfhmf adg‘uhnq+ tmcdqlhmd bnmcdmbd+
chlhmhrg sqtrs+ ‘mc etdk ‘ms‘fnmhrl-
Hlokdldmshmf sghr rsq‘sdfx+ gnvdudq+ hmunkudr bnmeqnmshmf
‘ chkdll‘- Nm sgd nmd g‘mc+ sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud rhfm‘kdc
otakhbkx sg‘s he ‘kk hmsdqm‘shnm‘k enqbdr ‘qd mns vhsgcq‘vm
ax L‘x 1/10+ ‘r dmuhr‘fdc hm sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ sgdx
vhkk qdrtld sgdhq 'ihg‘c• ‘f‘hmrs sgd enqdhfm oqdrdmbd ‘mc
vhkk vhsgcq‘v eqnl sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr- Nm sgd nsgdq g‘mc+ ‘
vhsgcq‘v‘k hm L‘x tmcdq btqqdms bnmchshnmr vhkk khjdkx kd‘c
sn ‘ bnkk‘ord ne sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd ‘mc ‘ onrrhakd qdmdvdc bhuhk
v‘q- Gnv rgntkc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr cd‘k vhsg sghr chkdll‘=
d l‘mc‘sd ne sgd Rstcx Fqnto dwokhbhskx fthcdc hs ‘v‘x
eqnl l‘jhmf qdbnlldmc‘shnmr nm sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr
hsrdke- d nudq‘kk rsq‘sdfx sg‘s sgd Fqnto hr oqnonrhmf+ gnv,
dudq+ cdodmcr nm sgd T-R- mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l l‘jhmf bkd‘q sn sgd
S‘kha‘m sg‘s sgdx g‘ud mns etkkkdc sgd bnmchshnmr hm sgd Cng‘
‘fqddldms tmcdq vghbg ‘ T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k b‘m s‘jd ok‘bd-
Fhudm sgd rhw,lnmsg cdk‘x hm sgd rs‘qs ne sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd
Mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd Ahcdm ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm b‘m l‘jd sgd b‘rd
sg‘s sgdqd g‘r addm hmrtbhdms shld enq sgdrd mdfnsh‘shnmr
sn bqd‘sd sgd gnodc,enq bnmchshnmr tmcdq vghbg hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k lhkhs‘qx enqbdr bntkc kd‘ud @efg‘mhrs‘m ax L‘x+ ‘r
dmuhr‘fdc hm sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms- @ vhsgcq‘v‘k vntkc mns
nmkx kd‘ud @ldqhb‘ lnqd utkmdq‘akd sn sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘sr: hs
vntkc ‘krn g‘ud b‘s‘rsqnoghb ddbsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd
qdfhnm sg‘s vntkc mns ad hm sgd hmsdqdrs ne ‘mx ne sgd jdx
‘bsnqr+ hmbktchmf sgd S‘kha‘m-
d Ahcdm ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm vhkk e‘bd ‘m hlldch‘sd cdbhrhnm
nm vgdsgdq nq mns sn vhsgcq‘v ‘kk sqnnor ax L‘x 1/10-
Qdf‘qckdrr ne vgdsgdq hs ‘bbdosr sgd nudq‘kk rsq‘sdfhb
‘ooqn‘bg oqdrdmsdc ax sgd Rstcx Fqnto+ sgd mdv ‘clhmhr,
sq‘shnm vhkk g‘ud e‘q fqd‘sdq dwhahkhsx he hs hr ‘akd sn rdbtqd
‘m dwsdmrhnm ne sgd L‘x cd‘ckhmd hm ‘ v‘x sg‘s cndr mns
kd‘c sn sgd S‘kha‘m vhsgcq‘vhmf eqnl sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr-
d bnlokdwhsx ‘mc sgd tqfdmbx ne ‘bbnlokhrghmf sghr ‘qd
‘tfldmsdc ax sgd M@SN cdedmrd lhmhrsdqh‘k lddshmf sg‘s
vhkk s‘jd ok‘bd hm lhc,Edaqt‘qx 1/10+ vghbg hr dwodbsdc sn
l‘jd bnllnm cdbhrhnmr nm sgd etstqd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k lhkh,
s‘qx oqdrdmbd tmcdq M@SN bnll‘mc-
d Rstcx Fqnto adkhdudr sg‘s sgd lnrs oqtcdms bntqrd ne
‘bshnm hr sn hlldch‘sdkx adfhm chrbtrrhnmr vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m
nm ‘ bnllnm tmcdqrs‘mchmf sg‘s sgd ntsbnldr rntfgs
ax ‘kk o‘qshdr b‘m ad ‘bghdudc nmkx he sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr hr
fhudm lnqd shld sn l‘stqd- Hs ltrs ad dlog‘rhydc sn sgd
S‘kha‘m sg‘s sghr mddc enq lnqd shld cndr mns bnmrshstsd
‘ aqd‘bg ne sgd ‘fqddldms ats hr hmrsd‘c ‘ qd‘rrdqshnm ne
hsr entmc‘shnm‘k oqdlhrd sg‘s sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ad khmjdc sn
rodbhb bnmchshnmr+ rnld ne vghbg sgd S‘kha‘m ‘qd qdronm,
rhakd enq+ hmbktchmf oqdudmshmf sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘sr hm ‘qd‘r
sgdx bnmsqnk ‘mc gdkohmf sn ‘bghdud ‘ qdctbshnm hm uhnkdmbd
sg‘s vntkc kd‘c sn ‘ bd‘rdqd- Nmfnhmf uhnkdmbd+ hmbktchmf
s‘qfdsdc ‘rr‘rrhm‘shnmr ne intqm‘khrsr ‘mc bhuhk rnbhdsx ‘b,
shuhrsr+ ‘qd hmchb‘shnmr sg‘s sgdrd bnmchshnmr g‘ud mns addm
lds- @ksgntfg sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud cdmhdc qdronmrhahkhsx enq
sgd ‘rr‘rrhm‘shnmr+ sgdx q‘hrd cntasr ‘ants sgd S‘kha‘m&r
bnllhsldms sn sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk
mc hs g‘qc sn vhsgcq‘v hsr enqbdr he hs cndr mns g‘ud etkk
bnmcdmbd sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud lds sgdhq bnllhsldmsr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 34
 Etqsgdqlnqd+ hs hr mns tmqd‘rnm‘akd sn dwodbs sgd S‘kha‘m
sn cdlnmrsq‘sd bnllhsldms sn ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc rdsskdldms ax
gdkohmf sn bqd‘sd sgd noshl‘k bnmchshnmr enq sg‘s rdsskdldms-
Ax sgd r‘ld snjdm+ hs hr tmqd‘rnm‘akd sn dwodbs nmkx sgd
cd‘ckhmd enq sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k sn ad lds he ‘kk
nsgdq cd‘ckhmdr g‘ud addm lhrrdc-
hr ntsqd‘bg sn sgd S‘kha‘m rgntkc ad bnlahmdc vhsg ‘
choknl‘shb ntsqd‘bg sn jdx bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm+ drod,
bh‘kkx Bghm‘+ Hq‘m+ O‘jhrs‘m+ ‘mc Qtrrh‘- drd bntmsqhdr+
‘kk ne vghbg g‘ud qdk‘shnmr vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m+ rg‘qd ‘ cdrhqd
sn rdd ‘m tkshl‘sd T-R- lhkhs‘qx vhsgcq‘v‘k eqnl sgd qd,
fhnm ats mns ‘s sgd bnrs ne bg‘nr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d T-R-
35 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
onrhshnm vhkk ad lnqd bnlodkkhmf he hs hr a‘bjdc ax rtbg ‘
qdfhnm‘k bnmrdmrtr- d S‘kha‘m&r cdrhqd enq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
qdbnfmhshnm+ r‘mbshnmr qdkhde+ ‘mc ‘ rg‘qd hm @efg‘m fnu,
dqmhmf rsqtbstqdr rtffdrs sgdx l‘x ad qdbdoshud sn rtbg ‘m
‘ooqn‘bg- @s sgd udqx kd‘rs+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr M@SN
‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr onrrdrr sgd ld‘mr sn bnmshmtd sn jddo
knv kdudkr ne sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ rtoonqs sgd @MCRE+
‘mc oqdudms ‘ S‘kha‘m s‘jdnudq ne J‘atk enq sgd enqdrdd‘akd
etstqd- hr v‘q b‘m dmc nmkx ax mdfnsh‘shnm- @kk o‘qshdr
jmnv sg‘s sgdqd hr mn lhkhs‘qx rnktshnm- He hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
sqnnor vhsgcqdv vhsgnts ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms+ sgd qdrtks
vntkc lnqd khjdkx ad ‘ oqnknmfdc bhuhk v‘q sg‘m ‘ pthbj
S‘kha‘m uhbsnqx-
PdbnlldmcWshnmr
hr rsq‘sdfhb knfhb kd‘cr sn sgd enkknvhmf rodbhb qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr- drd qdbnlldmc‘shnmr bnmrshstsd ‘ rthsd ne
bnloqdgdmrhud ‘bshnmr sg‘s+ he hlokdldmsdc hm d‘qkx 1/10+
b‘m kd‘c sn sgd cdrhqdc naidbshud ne ‘bghduhmf ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd
mdfnsh‘sdc dmc sn sgd bnmhbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
.- AkWphex sgd Dmc RsWsd
d lnrs bdqs‘hm l‘mmdq ne dmrtqhmf T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m nudq sgd knmf sdql ‘s ‘ fq‘ct‘kkx qdctbdc bnrs
sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc ad sn bk‘qhex sgd enkknvhmf dmc
rs‘sd ‘r ntq fn‘k9
:m hmcdodmcdms’ cdlnbpYshb’ Ymc rnudpdhfm :efgYm
rsYsd vhsg sgd fnudpmYmbd’ rsYahkhsx’ Ymc rdbtphsx enpbdr
sn opdudms Yk,PYdcY’ HRIO’ Ymc nsgdp sdppnphrs fpntor
epnl YssYbjhmf sgd Tmhsdc RsYsdr Ymc hsr Ykkhdr Ymc sn
bnmsYhm nsgdp onsdmshYk bgYkkdmfdr sn T-R- Ymc Ykkhdc
rdbtphsx Ymc hmsdpdrsr’ hmbktchmf sgnrd YrrnbhYsdc vhsg
hkkhbhs mYpbnshbr Ymc lYrr lhfpYshnm sgYs sgpdYsdm ntp
Ykkhdr Ymc :efgYmhrsYmr mdhfganpr-
:m :efgYm rsYsd sgYs dwdpbhrdr rnudpdhfmsx nudp hsr
anpcdpr Ymc hmsdpmYk YYhpr Ymc fnudpmr hm sdplr
sgYs pddbs sgd onotkYp vhkk Ymc rdke,cdsdplhmYshnm
ne sgd :efgYm bhshydmpx vghkd lYmYfhmf bnmhbs
odYbdetkkx sgpntfg YbbntmsYakd bhuhkhYm hmrshstshnmr-
:m :efgYm rsYsd sgYs rtoonpsr Ymc opnsdbsr lhmnphshdr’
vnldmr phfgsr’ sgd cdlnbpYshb bgYpYbsdp ne sgd rsYsd’
Ymc Y epdd opdrr ats sgYs bntkc hmbktcd SYkhaYm ftpdr-
:m :efgYm rsYsd sgYs hr opnfpdrrhudkx kdrr pdkhYms nm
hmsdpmYshnmYk YrrhrsYmbd Ymc hr mdhsgdp Y rntpbd ne
pdfhnmYk hmrsYahkhsx mnp Y knbtr ne opnwx pdfhnmYk
bnlodshshnm-
: bntmspx vgdpd sgd bhshydmr ne :efgYmhrsYm’ vgn
gYud rtdpdc rn ltbg ctphmf enpsx xdYpr ne vYp’
gYud sgd opnrodbs ne xdYp,nm,xdYp hlopnudldmsr hm
sgdhp opnrodphsx’ rdbtphsx’ Ymc vdkk,adhmf-
1- Pdhmenpbd sgd AnmchshnmWkhsx ne W
EhmWk T-R- Spnno UhsgcpWvWk
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs dkdu‘sd sgd hlonqs‘mbd ne sgd bnm,
chshnmr ‘kknvhmf sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R- sqnnor- Ansg rhcdr
ltrs tmcdqrs‘mc sgd bnmchshnmr sg‘s vhkk dm‘akd T-R- rto,
onqs- d ‘lahfthsx ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms l‘x g‘ud addm
gdkoetk hm hmhsh‘shmf ch‘knftd+ ats hs g‘r oqnudm hmbqd‘rhmfkx
oqnakdl‘shb ‘r sgd oqnbdrr g‘r lnudc enqv‘qc ‘mc rgntkc
ad qdlnudc-
– BgYmfd sgd mYppYshud epnl shldkhmdr sn bnmchshnmr’ vghkd
jddohmf sgd nudpYkk naidbshud ne snsYk vhsgcpYvYk nm sgd
YfdmcY enp chrbtrrhnm- @r sgd sdwsr ne ansg sgd inhms
cdbk‘q‘shnm hrrtdc hm J‘atk ‘mc sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms
l‘jd ok‘hm+ sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne qdl‘hmhmf T-R- enqbdr
hr bnmchshnm‘k nm sgd S‘kha‘m&r 'bnllhsldms ‘mc
‘bshnm nm sgd nakhf‘shnmr• sn vghbg sgdx ‘fqddc- ‘s
ltksho‘qs nakhf‘shnm hmunkudr oqnghahshnmr nm S‘kha‘m
ldladqr o‘qshbho‘shmf hm ‘mc bnnodq‘shmf vhsg fqntor
sg‘s sgqd‘sdm T-R- ‘mc ‘kkhdc rdbtqhsx- Hs qdpthqdr sgd
S‘kha‘m sn l‘jd bkd‘q sg‘s sgdrd fqntor 'g‘ud mn ok‘bd
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m• ‘mc sn dmrtqd sg‘s sgdx b‘mmns qdbqths+
sq‘hm+ etmcq‘hrd+ nq qdrhcd nm @efg‘m rnhk- @ qdonqs hr,
rtdc ax sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr hm L‘x 1/1/ nardqudc sg‘s
qdk‘shnmr adsvddm sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘ qdl‘hm
bknrd ‘mc sg‘s HRJO ‘mc nsgdq sdqqnqhrs fqntor qdl‘hm
‘bshud hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d bnmshmtdc trd ne sdqqnq hm
qtq‘k ‘qd‘r ‘mc tqa‘m bdmsdqr ‘krn qddbsr ‘ e‘hktqd nm
sgd S‘kha‘m&r o‘qs sn ldds sgdrd nakhf‘shnmr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 36
 – Tmcdprbnpd sn sgd SYkhaYm sgYs sgd LYx vhsgcpYvYk cYsd
hr mns Y wdc cdYckhmd- He sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud mns bkd‘qkx
lds sgd bnmchshnmr ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr rgntkc ‘unhc qtrghmf sn vhsgcq‘v sqnnor ax
L‘x 1/10+ ‘ c‘sd sg‘s v‘r rds vhsg sgd dwodbs‘shnm
sg‘s mdfnsh‘shnmr vntkc g‘ud rhfmhb‘mskx ‘cu‘mbdc
‘mc uhnkdmbd vntkc g‘ud rhfmhb‘mskx qdctbdc ax sg‘s
shld- Dudm ‘ rl‘kk mtladq ne T-R- enqbdr nm sgd fqntmc
oqnuhcd kdudq‘fd sn sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms+ vghbg
v‘r enqbdc sn l‘jd ‘ mtladq ne o‘hmetk bnmbdrrhnmr+
hmbktchmf sgd qdkd‘rd ne sgntr‘mcr ne oqhrnmdqr+ adenqd
sgd s‘kjr dudm adf‘m- d oqhmbhokd sg‘s 'mnsghmf hr
‘fqddc tmshk dudqxsghmf hr ‘fqddc• rgntkc ad qdhmsqn,
ctbdc hmsn sgd eq‘lhmf ‘mc ldrr‘fhmf ne sgd oqnbdrr+
hm ‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg sgd rohqhs ne sgd Edaqt‘qx 1/1/
cdbk‘q‘shnm ‘mc ‘fqddldms-
– LYjd bkdYp sn sgd SYkhaYm sgYs sgdx mddc sn pdctbd uh,
nkdmbd YfYhmrs sgd :efgYm odnokd•Ymc hcdYkkx bnllhs
sn Y etkk’ udphYakd bdYrdpd•Ymc vnpj sn bnmsYhm
sdppnphrs fpntor- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr mddcr sn cdkhudq ‘
bnmrhrsdms ldrr‘fd sg‘s sgd ghfg kdudkr ne uhnkdmbd ‘qd
tmcdqlhmhmf sgd s‘kjr+ b‘rshmf cntas nm sgd S‘kha‘m&r
rs‘sdc cdrhqd sn ‘bghdud ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc rnktshnm+ ‘mc
b‘kkhmf hmsn ptdrshnm sgd S‘kha‘m&r bnllhsldms hm sgd
Cng‘ ‘fqddldms sn oqdudms sdqqnqhrl vhsghm sgd ‘qd‘r
sgdx bnmsqnk”sgdqdax uhnk‘shmf sgd bnmchshnmr enq ‘
T-R- sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k ‘mc l‘jhmf sgd dudmst‘k hrrtd
ne qdbnmbhkh‘shnm lnqd oqnakdl‘shb- @ bd‘rdqd hr nmd
ne sgd entq hmsdqknbjhmf o‘qsr ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms-
d S‘kha‘m g‘ud cdlnmrsq‘sdc sg‘s sgdx ‘qd ‘akd sn
l‘hms‘hm ‘ bd‘rdqd- Edv ld‘rtqdr vntkc hloqnud sgd
‘slnrogdqd ne sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc athkc bnmcdmbd
adsvddm sgd o‘qshdr lnqd dlog‘shb‘kkx sg‘m ‘ bd‘rdqd-
– Trd sgd opnrodbs ne kh—hmf TM rYmbshnmr YfYhmrs sgd
SYkhaYm Yr kdudpYfd- d S‘kha‘m ok‘bd ‘ ghfg oqhnqhsx
nm g‘uhmf r‘mbshnmr qdlnudc nm sgd 024 hmchuhct‘kr
vgn ‘qd rshkk nm ‘ TM r‘mbshnmr khrs ’jmnvm ‘r sgd
'0877 R‘mbshnmr Qdfhld•( sg‘s lnmhsnqr sgdhq ‘rrdsr
‘mc oqnghahsr sgdhq sq‘udk- To sn mnv+ sgd Rdbtqhsx
37 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Bntmbhk g‘r fq‘msdc”nm ‘ b‘rd,ax,b‘rd a‘rhr”
hmchuhct‘k S‘kha‘m ldladqr odqlhrrhnm sn sq‘udk hm
‘ khlhsdc e‘rghnm hm nqcdq sn s‘jd o‘qs hm od‘bd s‘kjr-
d r‘mbshnmr qdfhld hr+ sgdqdenqd+ mns ‘m nodq‘shnm‘k
hlodchldms sn sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr- Qdlnuhmf S‘kha‘m
ldladqr eqnl sgd khrs odql‘mdmskx nq ‘ankhrghmf sgd
qdfhld dmshqdkx vntkc qdoqdrdms ‘ rhfmhb‘ms ‘mc tm,
mdbdrr‘qx bnmbdrrhnm sn sgd S‘kha‘m- Rtbg hqqdunb‘akd
‘mc qdv‘qchmf ‘bshnmr rgntkc enkknv+ mns oqdbdcd+ sgd
bnmbktrhnm ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd od‘bd ‘fqddldms- Adb‘trd
ltkshk‘sdq‘k r‘mbshnmr qdpthqd Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk rto,
onqs ‘mc ‘qd rtaidbs sn odql‘mdms ldladq udsndr+
sgd T-R- Odql‘mdms Lhrrhnm ‘s sgd Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk
rgntkc jddo jdx ldladqr hmenqldc ne oqnfqdrr nm sgd
mdfnsh‘shnmr sn l‘whlhyd sgd ddbshud trd ne sghr kdudq,
‘fd- ’Hmch‘+ hs hr vnqsg mnshmf+ vhkk ad ‘ mnmodql‘mdms
ldladq ne sgd Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk enq svn xd‘qr+ rs‘qshmf
hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10-(
– Rddj sn dwoYmc sgd T-R-,SYkhaYm lhkhsYpxzlhkhsYpx
bgYmmdk sn hmbktcd sgd :efgYm fnudpmldms- d T-R- md,
fnsh‘shmf sd‘l rgntkc vnqj sn nudqbnld sgd S‘kha‘m&r
noonrhshnm sn dwo‘mchmf sgd dwhrshmf lhkhs‘qx“lhkhs‘qx
bg‘mmdk adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m
sn hmbktcd @efg‘m fnudqmldms enqbdr- Hmbktrhnm ne
sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms vntkc hloqnud sgd cdbnm,
hbshnm ‘mc ‘citchb‘shnm ne qdonqsdc aqd‘bgdr ne sgd
‘fqddldms ’bnmhbshmf hmenql‘shnm g‘r bnmsqhatsdc
sn sgd drb‘k‘shnm ne uhnkdmbd sg‘s adf‘m hm Rdosdladq
1/1/(- Hs bntkc gdko sn athkc bnmcdmbd adsvddm sgd
svn rhcdr ‘mc lhfgs ‘krn dm‘akd sgd cdkhudqx ne a‘ckx
mddcdc gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m ’hmbktchmf ldchb‘k( ‘rrhrs‘mbd
sn o‘qsr ne sgd bntmsqx vgdqd sgd a‘sskd khmdr qdl‘hm
tmbkd‘q- Hm sgd b‘rd ne qdmdvdc ‘mc rtrs‘hmdc ‘ss‘bjr+
vgdsgdq ‘f‘hmrs @efg‘m nq T-R- ‘mc bn‘khshnm enqbdr+
sgd T-R- ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k enqbdr qds‘hm sgd qhfgs sn
qds‘kh‘sd- Tmshk sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘qd rtbbdrretkkx bnm,
bktcdc+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc bnmshmtd sn b‘qqx
nts bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q ‘f‘hmrs
HRJO ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘-

2- AkWphex sgd T-R- Anllhsldms
sn sgd Atppdms :efgWm RsWsd
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs hrrtd ‘ bkd‘q rs‘sdldms sg‘s hs
vhkk oqnuhcd rtbhdms kdudkr ne ‘rrhrs‘mbd sn l‘hms‘hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r bnqd rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr+ rtoonqs bhuhk rnbhdsx+
‘mc dmrtqd jdx rdquhbdr ‘qd oqnuhcdc sn sgd @efg‘m odnokd-
d otqonrd ne nmfnhmf ‘rrhrs‘mbd hr sn ankrsdq sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms vghkd hs mdfnsh‘sdr ‘m dmc sn sgd bnmhbs- @s
sgd r‘ld shld+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc bnmshmtd sn dw,
oqdrr vhkkhmfmdrr sn rtoonqs ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd onrs,‘fqddldms
@efg‘m rs‘sd ‘mc dmbntq‘fd nsgdq bntmsqhdr ‘mc hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k ‘mc qdfhnm‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr sn cn sgd r‘ld- Btqqdms
‘rrhrs‘mbd ltrs ad tmcdqrsnnc sn ad khmjdc sn ‘cdpt‘sd
fnudqmldms dnqsr sn l‘jd oqnfqdrr ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘,
shnmr- Lnqd fdmdq‘kkx+ sg‘s ‘rrhrs‘mbd rgntkc ad a‘rdc nm
ddbshud ld‘rtqdr sn oqhnqhshyd ‘mshbnqqtoshnm dnqsr ‘mc
dmrtqd ltst‘k ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx- d oqhmbhokdr dmtmbh‘sdc hm
sgd Fkna‘k Eq‘fhkhsx @bs ’rdd sgd anw 'Eq‘fhkhsx+ Dwsqdlhrl+
‘mc Oqdudmshnm• nm o‘fdr 05“06( oqnuhcd fthc‘mbd nm gnv
sn adssdq bnnqchm‘sd ‘kk enqlr ne T-R- ‘rrhrs‘mbd ‘mc chokn,
l‘bx snv‘qc ‘ rg‘qdc fn‘k ne ‘ lnqd hmbktrhud+ ‘bbntms‘akd+
‘mc kdfhshl‘sd fnudqmldms+ a‘rdc nm rsqnmf duhcdmbd sg‘s
sgdrd e‘bsnqr cdsdqlhmd rtrs‘hm‘akd rs‘ahkhsx- drd ld‘,
rtqdr sn oqnlnsd ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx ‘mc hmbktrhuhsx ltrs ad
o‘qs ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd mdfnsh‘sdc od‘bd ‘fqddldms sg‘s dmcr
sgd bnmhbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d qdbnlldmc‘shnmr adknv
enbtr nm rtrs‘hmhmf dwhrshmf drrdmsh‘k rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr ‘mc
bnmshmtdc rtoonqs enq bhuhk rnbhdsx ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘shnm
oqnbdrr+ dmrtqhmf sgd dwhrsdmbd ne ‘ rs‘akd hmrshstshnm‘k
ok‘senql enq ‘ onrs,rdsskdldms rs‘sd-
– Bnmshmtd sn opnuhcd’ Yknmfrhcd Ykkhdr’ drrdmshYk rtoonps
sn rtrsYhm :efgYmhrsYm r bnpd rsYsd hmrshstshnmr- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ ‘knmf vhsg nsgdq cnmnqr+ rgntkc rto,
onqs jdx lhmhrsqhdr+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q+ Ehm‘mbd+ Cdedmrd+
Gd‘ksg+ Dctb‘shnm+ Hmsdqhnq+ ‘mc Qtq‘k Cdudknoldms-
M‘shnm‘k oqnidbsr oqnuhchmf jdx rdquhbdr sn sgd
onotk‘shnm rgntkc ad oqhnqhshydc+ hlokdldmsdc ax
sd‘lr rdkdbsdc a‘rdc nm ldqhs+ ‘mc rtaidbsdc sn qhf,
nqntr oqnidbs qduhdvr ‘mc qdftk‘q ‘tchsr- Ld‘mvghkd+
‘lahshntr hmeq‘rsqtbstqd rbgdldr rgntkc ad cdk‘xdc
tmshk onrs,‘fqddldms bnmchshnmr ‘kknv sgdl sn ad
hlokdldmsdc vhsgnts dwbdrrhud rdbtqhsx bnrsr-
– Bnmchshnm Yhc hm sdplr sgYs gnkc ansg pdbhohdmsr Ymc
cnmnpr YbbntmsYakd- Bnqqtoshnm ‘mc lhrtrd ne qdrntqb,
dr g‘ud fqd‘skx qdctbdc sgd hlo‘bs ne sgd rhfmhb‘ms
‘lntms ne enqdhfm ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ ltbg ne hs oqnuhcdc ax sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ sn @efg‘mhrs‘m nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr-
Hm ‘cchshnm sn dlaq‘bhmf sgd ltst‘k ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx
ld‘rtqdr ‘fqddc sn ‘s sgd Mnudladq 1/1/ Fdmdu‘ bnm,
edqdmbd+ T-R- rtoonqs rgntkc ad eq‘ldc hm bnmchshnm‘k
‘mc oqdchbs‘akd sdqlr a‘rdc nm ‘ l‘m‘fd‘akd mtladq ne
‘bbntms‘ahkhsx admbgl‘qjr rg‘qdc ax ‘kk l‘inq cnmnqr+
‘mc rgntkc bnms‘hm bqdchakd ‘mc dmenqbd‘akd r‘mbshnmr
enq nauhntrkx bnqqtos adg‘uhnq- Dudm sgd rhlokd cdmh,
‘k ne uhr‘r sn nbh‘kr cddldc sn ad bnqqtos ‘mc sgdhq
e‘lhkx ldladqr b‘m ad ‘ rdqhntr cdsdqqdms- Enq sgnrd ne,
bh‘kr vhsg @ldqhb‘m bhshydmrgho+ bnqqtoshnm rgntkc ad
oqnrdbtsdc vhsghm sgd etkk ld‘rtqd ne T-R- k‘v- d T-R-
Sqd‘rtqx Cdo‘qsldms rgntkc bnmshmtd hsr vnqj vhsg
@efg‘m fnudqmldms m‘mbh‘k hmrshstshnmr sn hloqnud
sgdhq ddbshudmdrr ‘mc ‘bbntms‘ahkhsx ‘mc l‘hms‘hm
oqdrrtqd ‘f‘hmrs sdmcdmbhdr snv‘qc bnqqtoshnm-
– DlogYrhyd Ymc bnmshmtd sgd spYchshnm ne T-R- rtoonps enp
:efgYm bhuhk rnbhdsx fpntor sgYs opnlnsd sgd rgYpdc uYk,
tdr ne cdlnbpYbx’ gtlYm Ymc vnldm r phfgsr’ Ymc epdd
ldchY- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc bnmshmtd sn oqnuhcd
‘qntmc 14 odqbdms ne mnmlhkhs‘qx ‘hc sn sgd @efg‘m
fnudqmldms- d qdl‘hmcdq hr oqnuhcdc ax nsgdq cn,
mnqr+ lnrskx sgqntfg sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmrsqtbshnm
Sqtrs Etmc- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc bnmshmtd sn
dmbntq‘fd hloqnudc bnnqchm‘shnm ‘mc dbhdmbx ax
sgnrd nsgdq cnmnqr+ ‘mc ‘bshudkx o‘qshbho‘sd hm dnqsr
sn hloqnud bnnqchm‘shnm ‘mc ‘hc ddbshudmdrr ‘mc
‘bbntms‘ahkhsx- Vhsg qdf‘qc sn hsr nvm qdrntqbdr+ sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc enbtr hsr rtoonqs nm bhuhk rnbhdsx
dnqsr kdc ax sgnrd @efg‘mr vgn oqnlnsd u‘ktdr rg‘qdc
ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc bnchdc hm hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
bnmudmshnmr sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r inhmdc- Mns nmkx g‘r
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 38
 sghr rtoonqs addm ddbshud hm oqnlnshmf sgdrd u‘ktdr+
vghbg ‘qd dlaq‘bdc ax k‘qfd mtladqr ne @efg‘mr+ ats
‘krn hs oqnuhcdr sgd noonqstmhsx sn cdlnmrsq‘sd sgd hl,
onqs‘mbd ne ‘bbntms‘akd+ hmbktrhud+ ‘mc qdoqdrdms‘shud
fnudqm‘mbd hmrshstshnmr-
– Bnmshmtd mddcr,aYrdc gtlYmhsYphYm YrrhrsYmbd- d
odnokd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m bnmshmtd sn khud hm cddo onudqsx+
ok‘ftdc ax ennc hmrdbtqhsx ‘mc a‘ssdqdc ax cqntfgsr+
nncr+ hmsdqm‘k chrok‘bdldmsr+ ‘mc nsgdq dldqfdm,
bhdr- BNUHC,08 dw‘bdqa‘sdc sgd utkmdq‘ahkhsx ne sgd
@efg‘m onotk‘shnm+ q‘hrhmf sgd onudqsx q‘sd eqnl ‘m
drshl‘sdc 43 odqbdms sn ‘r ghfg ‘r 61 odqbdms- d
Tmhsdc M‘shnmr drshl‘sdr sg‘s 0-0 ahkkhnm hm gtl‘m,
hs‘qh‘m ‘hc hr qdpthqdc sn oqnuhcd khedr‘uhmf rtoonqs sn
md‘qkx 05 lhkkhnm odnokd hm mddc- Nmkx ‘ants nmd,sghqc
ne sghr ‘lntms g‘r addm l‘cd ‘u‘hk‘akd- d Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr oqnuhcdc md‘qkx 166 lhkkhnm hm gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m
‘rrhrs‘mbd hm 1/1/- Vhsgnts sghr bnmshmtdc+ a‘rhb khed,
r‘uhmf ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ oqnuhcdc sgqntfg mnmfnudqmldms‘k
nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr+ sgdqd hr
sgd qhrj ne etqsgdq v‘udr ne l‘rrhud lhfq‘shnm sn sgd
qdfhnm ‘mc nm sn Dtqnod+ ‘r nbbtqqdc hm 1/04-
– Bnmftpd sgd T-R- spnno opdrdmbd Ymc nmfnhmf rtoonps
sn sgd :efgYm rdbtphsx rdbsnp sn dmrtpd sgYs jdx :efgYm
rdbtphsx hmrshstshnmr•drodbhYkkx sgd :M:’ sgd :MO’ sgd
:hp Enpbd’ Ymc sgd :RRE•Ypd rtrsYhmdc- hr rtoonqs
rgntkc ad ‘khfmdc snv‘qc sgd nudq‘kk rsq‘sdfhb naidbshud
ne rtoonqshmf ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr sg‘s kd‘cr sn ‘m ‘bbdos,
‘akd ‘fqddldms- @m hloqnudc+ lnqd dbhdms @efg‘m
rdbtqhsx enqbd vntkc q‘hrd sgd bnrs enq sgd S‘kha‘m sn
v‘kj ‘v‘x eqnl sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd ‘mc rsqdmfsgdm
sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms&r kdudq‘fd- L‘hms‘hmhmf sgdrd
hmrshstshnmr vhkk qdpthqd bnmshmtdc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k rto,
onqs- Ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sghr rtoonqs rgntkc ad
enbtrdc nm hloqnuhmf sgd ddbshudmdrr ne sgdrd hmrsh,
stshnmr ‘mc sgdhq ‘ahkhsx sn ‘bghdud fqd‘sdq rdke,qdkh‘mbd-
hr vhkk qdpthqd rhlokhexhmf rsqtbstqdr ‘mc oqnbdrrdr
vgdqd mdbdrr‘qx+ bnmshmthmf sn ‘ccqdrr bnqqtoshnm+
‘mc hloqnuhmf sgd sq‘hmhmf ne lhkhs‘qx kd‘cdqr-
4, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
– L‘hms‘hm ‘s kd‘rs btqqdms kdudkr ne m‘mbh‘k ‘mc
nodq‘shnm‘k rtoonqs enq sgd @MCRE+ drodbh‘kkx sgd
@M@+ sgd @hq Enqbd+ ‘mc sgd @RRE-
– Qds‘hm dwhrshmf ‘tsgnqhshdr enq T-R- enqbdr+ hmbktc,
hmf ‘tsgnqhshdr ‘kknvhmf T-R- enqbdr sn bnmctbs
‘hq rsqhjdr ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc sn ‘bbnlo‘mx
@efg‘m enqbdr hmsn bnla‘s vgdm cddldc mdb,
drr‘qx+ tmshk ‘ bd‘rdqd nq sgd dwokhbhs sdqlr ne ‘
qdctbshnm ne uhnkdmbd chbs‘sd nsgdqvhrd-
– Qdl‘hm hmunkudc hm sgd rdkdbshnm ne rdbtqhsx lhmhrsdqr
‘mc @MCRE jdx kd‘cdqr vhsg sgd naidbs ne hloqnuhmf
bnla‘s ddbshudmdrr ‘mc qdctbhmf bnqqtoshnm-
– L‘hms‘hm rtoonqs enq m‘shnm‘k lhkhs‘qx sq‘hmhmf hm,
rshstshnmr rtbg ‘r sgd M‘shnm‘k Lhkhs‘qx @b‘cdlx
ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ vghbg g‘r gdkodc sn hloqnud
kd‘cdqrgho vhsghm sgd @MCRE-
– L‘hms‘hm sgd bknrd qdk‘shnmrgho vhsg ‘mc rtoonqs
oqnuhcdc sn sgd @RRE+ vghbg qdl‘hm sgd adrs,
sq‘hmdc tmhsr+ ‘mc qds‘hm dmf‘fdldms hm kd‘cdqrgho
rdkdbshnm+ nodq‘shnm‘k rtoonqs+ ‘mc s‘bshb‘k ‘cuhrhmf-
– Bnmshmtd sn rtoonqs sgd @efg‘m @hq Enqbd- hr
rtoonqs hr dwodmrhud ats vhkk dm‘akd sgd @efg‘m
lhkhs‘qx sn bnmctbs nodq‘shnmr hmcdodmcdmskx ne
T-R- ‘hqonvdq-
– Bnmshmtd sn hlokdldms ‘clhmhrsq‘shud qdenql
‘hldc ‘s qdctbhmf sgd bnlokdwhsx ne knfhrshbr ‘mc
oqnbtqdldms rxrsdlr sn dm‘akd etstqd @MCRE
rdke,qdkh‘mbd+ rtanqchm‘sd sn ‘ lnqd ‘bbntms‘akd+
kdrr bnqqtos fnudqmldms-
– Vnqj vhsg nsgdq cnmnqr ‘mc sgd @efg‘m Lhmhrsqx
ne Hmsdqhnq sn adfhm bnmudqshmf sgd @MO hmsn ‘
bnlltmhsx onkhbhmf nqf‘mhy‘shnm q‘sgdq sg‘m ‘
o‘q‘lhkhs‘qx enqbd cdoknxdc ‘f‘hmrs sgd hmrtqfdmbx-
– Adfhm oqdo‘q‘shnmr enq onrs,‘fqddldms @efg‘m
rdbtqhsx hmrshstshnmr+ vghbg nudq shld rgntkc ad rhf,
mhb‘mskx qdctbdc+ ats vghbg hm sgd rgnqs sdql lhfgs
qdpthqd sgd hmsdfq‘shnm ne enqldq S‘kha‘m rnkchdqr-
– OpdoYpd enp sgd cdkhudpx ne Y odYbd chuhcdmc hm sgd dudms
sgYs Ym YbbdosYakd Yfpddldms hr mdfnshYsdc- @ od‘bd
‘fqddldms vhkk ad rtrs‘hm‘akd nmkx he hs hr rtoonqsdc ax
 sgd @efg‘m odnokd- TR@HC rgntkc adfhm vnqjhmf vhsg
ltkshk‘sdq‘k nqf‘mhy‘shnmr ‘mc nsgdq cnmnqr sn oqdo‘qd
‘ o‘bj‘fd ne rtoonqs sg‘s vhkk uhrhakx ‘mc pthbjkx qd‘bg
sgd @efg‘m odnokd+ vghkd ‘bjmnvkdcfhmf sgd hlonqs‘ms
qnkd sg‘s bhuhk rnbhdsx nqf‘mhy‘shnmr b‘m ok‘x hm lnmh,
snqhmf ‘mc+ hm rnld b‘rdr+ hlokdldmshmf sghr rtoonqs-
d otakhbhydc onrrhahkhsx ne onrs,‘fqddldms rtoonqs
vhkk rdqud ‘r ‘ u‘kt‘akd hmbdmshud enq sgd o‘qshdr sn sgd
@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr sn vnqj sgqntfg sgdhq chdqdmbdr
‘s sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc ‘krn
kd‘c dnqsr vhsg nsgdq cnmnqr sn rtrs‘hm sgd bnqd hmrsh,
stshnmr ne ‘ onrs,rdsskdldms rs‘sd+ vhsg sgd dwodbs‘shnm
sg‘s+ hm sgd ‘ardmbd ne bnmhbs+ sgd bnrsr ne sghr rtoonqs
rgntkc q‘ohckx chlhmhrg- Vghkd hlokdldmshmf sghr
qdbnlldmc‘shnm hr bnmshmfdms nm ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms
adhmf qd‘bgdc+ ok‘mmhmf enq ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms b‘mmns
v‘hs tmshk ‘m ‘fqddldms hr qd‘bgdc- Hs hr hlodq‘shud
sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnmshmtd vnqjhmf vhsg @efg‘m
‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bntmsdqo‘qsr sn athkc nm sgd od‘bd
chuhcdmc ok‘mmhmf sg‘s g‘r ‘kqd‘cx addm tmcdqs‘jdm
ax sgd Vnqkc A‘mj hm o‘qshbtk‘q-
3- Unpj ChoknlWshbWkkx sn Opnlnsd
sgd Rtbbdrr ne sgd MdfnshWshnm Opnbdrrz
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nbbtohdr ‘m ‘lahftntr onrhshnm ‘r o‘qs
o‘qsx sn sgd s‘kjr+ o‘qs e‘bhkhs‘snq+ ‘mc ’nm nbb‘rhnm( ‘ ghccdm
ldch‘snq- Hs ‘krn dwdqsr bnmrhcdq‘akd kdudq‘fd nm ansg o‘qshdr-
Hs mddcr sn bnmshmtd bnmctbshmf ‘m ‘bshud choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx
bdmsdqdc nm dmrtqhmf rtbbdrr ‘s sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd-
– Unpj vhsg ansg rhcdr snvYpc Y ldYmhmfetk Ymc kYrshmf
pdctbshnm ne uhnkdmbd sgYs kdYcr sn Y bnlopdgdmrhud Ymc
odplYmdms bdYrdpd- @knmf vhsg dnqsr sn fds sgd S‘kha‘m
sn qdctbd sgdhq ‘ss‘bjr ’rdd ‘anud(+ ‘ oqhnqhsx hrrtd enq
sgd mdfnsh‘snqr”‘mc sgd ldch‘snq+ rgntkc nmd ad cdrhf,
m‘sdc ’rdd adknv(”hr sn ‘bghdud ‘m nudq‘kk qdctbshnm hm
uhnkdmbd- @ mtladq ne ldbg‘mhrlr b‘m ad bnmrhcdqdc
sn l‘jd sghr ansg ‘bghdu‘akd ‘mc rtrs‘hm‘akd+ hmbktchmf9
– Drs‘akhrgldms ne bkd‘qkx cdrhfm‘sdc chrdmf‘fd,
ldms ynmdr-
– @oonhmsldms ne knb‘k dkcdqr+ bhuhk rnbhdsx kd‘cdqr+
‘mc nsgdq bqdchakd knb‘k ftqdr sn lnmhsnq mnmuh,
nkdmbd nq eqddyd,hm,ok‘bd ‘fqddldmsr-
– Khlhsdc ‘fqddldmsr sn qdctbd uhnkdmbd+ cdkhmd‘sdc
‘r ‘ etmbshnm ne sxod ne uhnkdmbd ’enq dw‘lokd+
‘fqddldmsr mns sn trd bdqs‘hm vd‘onmr+ ldsgncr+
nq s‘qfdsr(+ fdnfq‘ogx ’qdctbshnmr ne uhnkdmbd hm
bdqs‘hm ‘qd‘r(+ ‘mc shld ’qdctbshnm ne uhnkdmbd
nudq bdqs‘hm shld odqhncr(-
– Rtoonps eYbhkhsYshnm’ ldchYshnm’ Ymc nsgdp mdfnshYshnm
rtoonps dnpsr- d mdfnsh‘shnmr g‘ud addm gdkc rn e‘q
hm Cng‘ vhsg lhmhl‘k ntsrhcd e‘bhkhs‘shnm- Ansg o‘qshdr
g‘ud qdidbsdc ldch‘shnm+ ats sgdqd ‘qd rnld rhfm‘kr sg‘s
fqd‘sdq sghqc,o‘qsx hmsdqudmshnm lhfgs ad qdpthqdc sn
nudqbnld sgdhq ltst‘k chrsqtrs- d P‘s‘qh fnudqmldms
ok‘xr sgd qnkd ne fn,adsvddm ats hr mns rddm ‘r ‘ ldch‘snq-
@ ud,m‘shnm e‘bhkhs‘shnm fqnto ’Fdql‘mx+ Hmcnmdrh‘+
Mnqv‘x+ P‘s‘q+ ‘mc Tyadjhrs‘m( hr rtoonqshmf sgd md,
fnsh‘shnmr sgqntfg m‘mbhmf+ knfhrshbr+ bnmudmhmf+ ‘mc
nsgdq hlonqs‘ms rtoonqs- Rsdor sg‘s rgntkc ad s‘jdm sn
dmg‘mbd rtoonqs enq sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr hmbktcd9
– Rtoonqs sgd ud,m‘shnm e‘bhkhs‘shnm fqnto- hr
‘rrhrs‘mbd rgntkc hmbktcd ‘cunb‘bx sn lnud sgd
s‘kjr eqnl Cng‘+ he mdbdrr‘qx- @ mdv knb‘shnm
’ndqdc ax ‘mnsgdq ldladq ne sgd ud,m‘shnm
fqnto( lhfgs ndq rnld eqdrg hmrohq‘shnm ‘mc
‘krn ‘kkduh‘sd sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms&r bnmbdqmr
sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m ‘qd mdfnsh‘shmf eqnl ‘ e‘unq‘akd
onrhshnm vghkd hm P‘s‘q+ vgdqd sgdhq onkhshb‘k ne,
bd g‘r addm a‘rdc enq sgd o‘rs cdb‘cd ‘mc vgdqd
l‘mx S‘kha‘m mdfnsh‘snqr qdrhcd-
– Oqnlnsd sgd ‘oonhmsldms ne ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx ldch,
‘snq- @ TM ldch‘snq l‘x ndq sgd adrs gnod enq
‘cu‘mbhmf sgd s‘kjr o‘rs sgd btqqdms rs‘kdl‘sd+
fhudm sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr& hlo‘qsh‘khsx+ cddo
jmnvkdcfd ne sgd @efg‘m b‘rd+ ‘mc dwo‘mrhud
dwodqshrd f‘qmdqdc ax hmunkudldms hm mtldqntr
nsgdq od‘bd oqnbdrrdr- He sgd o‘qshdr ‘fqdd sn sgd
‘oonhmsldms ne rtbg ‘ ldch‘snq+ sgd T-R- fnu,
dqmldms rgntkc trd hsr rd‘s nm sgd TM Rdbtqhsx
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 40
 Bntmbhk sn dmf‘fd jdx ldladqr+ sgd TM rdbqds‘qx,
fdmdq‘k+ ‘mc sgd TM Rdbqds‘qh‘s sn dmrtqd sgd
rdkdbshnm ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd ftqd-
– LYhmsYhm Ym dlonvdpdc’ etkk,shld T-R- mdfnshYsnp sn
lYmYfd sgd :efgYm odYbd onpsenkhn- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
qds‘hmr bnmrhcdq‘akd hmtdmbd nudq sgd @efg‘m mdfnsh,
‘shnm oqnbdrr- Fhudm sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr v‘msr sghr
oqnbdrr sn xhdkc ‘ qdrtks sg‘s lddsr T-R- m‘shnm‘k naidb,
shudr ‘r vdkk ‘r sgd ‘rohq‘shnmr ne sgd @efg‘m odnokd+
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs lnmhsnq bknrdkx sgd mdfnsh‘shnm
oqnbdrr ‘mc trd choknl‘bx sn jddo sgd oqnbdrr ‘khud-
d oqnonrdc qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx vhkk ‘krn
mddc sgd dnqsr ne ‘m dlonvdqdc mdfnsh‘snq- Ansg sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m g‘ud l‘cd bkd‘q
sgdhq hmsdqdrsr hm l‘hms‘hmhmf bnmrsqtbshud qdk‘shnmr
vhsg sgd T-R- fnudqmldms hm sgd dudms ne ‘ od‘bd cd‘k-
d T-R- mdfnsh‘snq ‘mc ghr nq gdq sd‘l ltrs l‘m‘fd
sgd m‘qqnv ro‘bd adsvddm rtoonqshmf ‘m @efg‘m,
cdmdc ntsbnld vghkd ‘bjmnvkdcfhmf sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr& rs‘jd hm sg‘s ntsbnld hr rtbhdms sn itrshex
dnqsr sn rg‘od sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr-
– Dmkhrs nsgdpr sn rtoonps Y mdfnshYsdc Yfpddldms- d
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc trd qdfhnm‘k choknl‘bx sn rto,
onqs oqnfqdrr snv‘qc ‘m ‘fqddldms+ ‘rjhmf qdfhnm‘k
bntmsqhdr sn mtcfd sgdhq oqnwhdr snv‘qc bnloqnlhrd
‘mc chrrt‘cd sgdl eqnl 'ronhkdq• ‘bshnmr- ’Rdd adknv
enq rodbhb qdbnlldmc‘shnmr nm sgd choknl‘shb enq‘
sg‘s bntkc gdko ‘bghdud sgdrd fn‘kr-(
– BnnpchmYsd Ymc bnmrtks vhsg M:SN Ymc nsgdp Yk,
khdr pdfYpchmf sgd hmsdpmYshnmYk lhkhsYpx opdrdmbd hm
:efgYmhrsYm- T-R- sqnnor+ M@SN ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc nsgdq
o‘qsmdqr g‘ud enqldc sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k lhkhs‘qx hm,
sdqudmshnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m rhmbd 1//2- dx sgdqdenqd
bnmrshstsd o‘qs ne sgd kdudq‘fd ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc
qdoqdrdms sgd bnllnm otqonrd ‘mc rg‘qdc r‘bqhbd ne
l‘mx hm sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx- dx ltrs ad
etkkx hmunkudc ‘mc hmenqldc hm cdbhrhnmr nm sgd etstqd
ne sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
41 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
– Bnmrhcdp sgd onsdmshYk admdsr Ymc bnrsr ne Y lnpd chpdbs
ldchYshmf pnkd he sgd btppdms rsYkdlYsd odprhrsr- d T-R-
fnudqmldms g‘r ‘ cdlnmrsq‘sdc ’he hlodqedbs( sq‘bj
qdbnqc ne dloknxhmf hsr kdudq‘fd ’sgqntfg sqnno oqdr,
dmbd+ ‘hc+ ‘mc qdk‘shnmrghor( sn e‘bhkhs‘sd sgd qdrnktshnm
ne ‘btsd onkhshb‘k bqhrdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Lnqd qdbdmskx+ hs
g‘r enqfdc ‘m tmcdqrs‘mchmf sgqntfg choknl‘bx vhsg sgd
S‘kha‘m- Ansg sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m
g‘ud l‘cd bkd‘q sg‘s sgdhq etstqd hmsdqdrsr ‘qd shdc sn sgdhq
rs‘mchmf vhsg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc
bnmrhcdq he mdbdrr‘qx+ ‘mc hm o‘qshbtk‘q he sghqc,o‘qsx
ldch‘shnm e‘hkr+ trhmf sgd kdudq‘fd hs onrrdrrdr sn ‘bs ‘r ‘m
‘qahsdq adsvddm sgd svn rhcdr sn rg‘od ‘m ntsbnld sg‘s hr
‘bbdos‘akd sn ansg rhcdr ‘mc sg‘s dmrtqdr T-R- hmsdqdrsr-
– Adfhm opdoYpYshnmr enp dmrtphmf rtoonps sn Y onrs,
Yfpddldms :efgYm rsYsd- Rgntkc ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms ad
qd‘bgdc+ sgd qdctbshnm hm bnmhbs vhkk bqd‘sd fqd‘sdq
noonqstmhshdr enq @efg‘mhrs‘m sn adbnld rdke,qdkh‘ms+
ats rs‘sd hmrshstshnmr vhkk hmhsh‘kkx ad ‘r cdodmcdms nm
cnmnq m‘mbhmf ‘r sgdx btqqdmskx ‘qd- Ansg o‘qshdr sn
sgd bnmhbs g‘ud hmchb‘sdc sgd mddc enq etstqd cnmnq
rtoonqs- @ bqdchakd ok‘m enq etstqd rtoonqs+ hmbktchmf
sq‘mrhshnm‘k ‘qq‘mfdldmsr enq enqldq fgsdqr+ vhkk
hmbqd‘rd sgd bg‘mbdr ne sgd o‘qshdr qd‘bghmf ‘m ‘fqdd,
ldms- Rnld cnmnqr g‘ud ‘kqd‘cx bnmchshnmdc etstqd
‘hc nm sgd oqnsdbshnm ne cdlnbq‘shb ‘mc gtl‘m qhfgsr
‘mc nsgdq u‘ktdr+ vghbg l‘x gdko dmrtqd sg‘s ‘ onkhsh,
b‘k ‘fqddldms ‘ccqdrrdr sgdrd hrrtdr-
4- Cdrhfm Wm NudpWpbghmf PdfhnmWk
ChoknlWshb RspWsdfx
@mx rtbbdrretk etstqd T-R- onkhbx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk mddc sn
ad tmcdqfhqcdc ax ‘ qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx sg‘s hr a‘rdc
nm ‘ bkd‘q tmcdqrs‘mchmf ne sgd bnlokdw qdfhnm‘k cxm‘lhbr-
d nudq‘qbghmf fn‘k ne sghr dnqs rgntkc ad sn ’0( jddo ntq
‘kkhdr ‘mc o‘qsmdqr dmf‘fdc+ ’1( dmbntq‘fd rs‘jdgnkcdqr sn
ok‘x ‘ mdtsq‘k nq bnmrsqtbshud qnkd+ ’2( ots oqdrrtqd nm ansg
o‘qshdr sn sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr sn qdl‘hm dmf‘fdc+
‘mc ’3( k‘x sgd entmc‘shnm enq sgd knmf,sdql hmsdfq‘shnm ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m hmsn sgd qdfhnm ’rnbh‘kkx+ dbnmnlhb‘kkx+ onkhshb‘k,
kx+ ‘mc dudmst‘kkx vhsghm ‘ rdbtqhsx ‘qbghsdbstqd(-
d dk‘anq‘shnm ne rtbg ‘ rsq‘sdfx hr oqdlhrdc nm sgd
duhcdmbd sg‘s lnrs bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm ‘qd tmhsdc hm
sgd mddc sn fgs HRJO ‘mc ‘k,P‘dc‘ ‘mc ‘qd noonrdc sn ‘
bnlokdsd s‘jdnudq ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ax sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd
drs‘akhrgldms ne ‘m 'dlhq‘sd•”dudm ‘r sgd qdrtks ne ‘ on,
khshb‘k ‘fqddldms- Etqsgdqlnqd+ ‘ rs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m vntkc
admds sgd dmshqd qdfhnm ax hmbqd‘rhmf sq‘cd ‘mc bnmmdbshu,
hsx+ bqd‘shmf hmudrsldms noonqstmhshdr+ qdctbhmf sgd dwonqs
ne dwsqdlhrl ‘mc hkkhbhs ‘bshuhshdr+ ‘mc qdkd‘rhmf b‘ohs‘k mnv
rodms nm cdrsqtbshud ‘bshuhshdr enq bnmrsqtbshud otqonrdr-
Hm rtl+ ‘m dmc rs‘sd sg‘s vntkc r‘shrex ‘kk qdfhnm‘k ok‘xdqr
vntkc ad ‘m @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s9
– Hr ‘s od‘bd vhsg hsrdke ‘mc vhsg nsgdqr-
– Cndr mns ‘kknv hsr sdqqhsnqx sn ad trdc enq ‘ss‘bjr nm
nsgdq bntmsqhdr-
– Hr mns sgd udmtd enq oqnwx v‘qe‘qd-
– Hr mns sgd rntqbd ne hkkhbhs m‘qbnshbr nq qdetfddr-
– Hr dbnmnlhb‘kkx hmsdqbnmmdbsdc vhsg sgd qdfhnm-
– G‘r oqdrdqudc f‘hmr l‘cd nudq sgd o‘rs svdmsx xd‘qr-
@s oqdrdms+ rsqtbstqdr ‘qd hm ok‘bd sn ‘ccqdrr svn ‘rodbsr ne
sgd @efg‘m bnmhbs9 d T-R-,S‘kha‘m sq‘bj ‘ccqdrrdr sgd
bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ‘rodbs+ ‘mc sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr
‘ccqdrr bnqd cnldrshb @efg‘m hrrtdr- dqd hr+ gnvdudq+
mn sq‘bj enq ‘ccqdrrhmf sgd qdfhnm‘k ‘rodbsr ne sgd bnmhbs
hm ‘ rsqtbstqdc v‘x nq enq l‘qrg‘khmf vhcdq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
rtoonqs enq sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ’ansg enq mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc enq
hlokdldms‘shnm ne ‘m ‘fqddldms(- d o‘qshbho‘shnm ne qd,
fhnm‘k onvdqr vhkk ad bqtbh‘k ansg sn mtcfd sgd o‘qshdr snv‘qc
‘m ‘fqddldms ‘mc sn bnmsqhatsd sn ‘m dm‘akhmf dmuhqnmldms
sg‘s vhkk ‘kknv ‘m ‘fqddldms sn ad rtbbdrretkkx hlokdldmsdc-
T-R- dmf‘fdldms vhsg qdfhnm‘k rs‘sdr hm rtoonqs ne ‘m
@efg‘m od‘bd oqnbdrr rgntkc g‘ud sgd enkknvhmf naidbshudr9
– Dmbntq‘fd sgd qdfhnm‘k rs‘sdr hmchuhct‘kkx sn s‘jd
‘bshud rsdor sn oqdrrtqd nmd nq ansg @efg‘m rhcdr sn
bnmshmtd vhsg sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ‘mc sn oqnonrd ‘mc
‘bbdos bnloqnlhrdr-
– Athkc bnmrdmrtr+ sn sgd dwsdms onrrhakd ’vghbg l‘x ad
khlhsdc(+ nm sgd bnmsdms ne bnloqnlhrdr sgd @efg‘m
o‘qshdr rgntkc ad tqfdc sn ‘bbdos-
– Dmbntq‘fd bnmrhrsdms qgdsnqhb‘k rtoonqs enq sgd oqn,
bdrr ‘mc hsr ntsbnldr-
– Rotq ‘bshnm sn oqdrrtqd sgd @efg‘m o‘qshdr sn enkknv
sgqntfg vhsg sgd hlokdldms‘shnm ne ‘mx ‘fqddldms nq
‘fqddldmsr sgdx qd‘bg-
– Fdmdq‘sd m‘mbh‘k ‘mc nsgdq l‘sdqh‘k rtoonqs enq
hlokdldms‘shnm-
– Enrsdq ‘ vhkkhmfmdrr sn ‘aitqd g‘qletk hmsdqedqdmbd hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m hm sgd etstqd ’hm o‘qshbtk‘q+ ax mns rto,
onqshmf mnmrs‘sd ‘qldc ‘bsnqr(-
– Oqnlnsd snkdq‘mbd ne sgd T-R- ‘mc M@SN lhkhs‘qx
oqdrdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘s kd‘rs vghkd sgd od‘bd oqn,
bdrr bnmshmtdr nq he hs bnkk‘ordr-
d bg‘kkdmfd enq T-R- choknl‘bx hr sn l‘hms‘hm rtrs‘hmdc
qdfhnm‘k rtoonqs enq ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr+ tmcdqrs‘mchmf sg‘s
‘r sgd bnmsntqr ne ‘ od‘bd rdsskdldms adbnld bkd‘qdq+ sgd
rs‘jdr enq d‘bg bntmsqx hm sgd qdfhnm adbnld bkd‘qdq+ ‘mc
rnld bntmsqhdr lhfgs odqbdhud ‘ o‘qshbtk‘q ntsbnld ‘r
cdsqhldms‘k sn sgdhq hmsdqdrsr-
d ghrsnqx ne sgd qdfhnm rtffdrsr sg‘s bntmsqhdr lhfgs
rddj sn ghmcdq ‘m nudq‘kk ‘fqddldms he sgdx adkhdud sg‘s
qhu‘kr vhkk admds lnqd eqnl sg‘s ‘fqddldms sg‘m sgdx
cn- T-R- choknl‘bx ltrs rddj sn ‘bshudkx oqdudms sghr
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 42
 q‘bd,sn,sgd,anssnl aqhmjrl‘mrgho eqnl enqdbknrhmf ‘ vhm,
vhm ntsbnld- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs bnmshmtd sn ‘bshudkx
kd‘c sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr+ hmbktchmf rsqnmfkx rtoonqshmf ‘mx
hmhsh‘shud sn ‘ccqdrr sgd qdfhnm‘k hrrtd- Hs ltrs ‘krn b‘khaq‘sd
hsr ahk‘sdq‘k qdk‘shnmrghor vhsg ‘kk ne sgdrd hlonqs‘ms ok‘xdqr
sn rdbtqd sghr ntsbnld- d bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm qdbnf,
mhyd sgd hmchrodmr‘akd qnkd ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ dudm he nmkx
fqtcfhmfkx ‘mc oqhu‘sdkx nm sgd o‘qs ne rnld-
Hm nqcdq sn ok‘x sghr qnkd+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr mddcr sn oqn,
lnsd sgd bqd‘shnm ne ‘ choknl‘shb ‘qbghsdbstqd hm vghbg hs
b‘m ‘qshbtk‘sd hsr ldrr‘fdr+ qdronmc sn sgd rs‘sdc hmsdqdrsr
ne nsgdq bntmsqhdr+ ‘mc qdrnkud lhrtmcdqrs‘mchmfr nq
chdqdmbdr”‘kk hm rtoonqs ne ‘ rs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr
hm ‘bbnqc vhsg etmc‘ldms‘k T-R- hmsdqdrsr- d oqhmbho‘k
bg‘kkdmfd sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr enql‘kkx bnmudmhmf ‘ qd,
fhnm‘k sq‘bj hr sgd rs‘sd ne gnrshkhsx adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc Hq‘m- Hq‘m hr tmkhjdkx sn o‘qshbho‘sd hm ‘ T-R-,kdc
oqnbdrr+ ats hs vntkc dmf‘fd hm ‘ qdfhnm‘k enql‘s sg‘s
hmbktcdc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr he sg‘s enql‘s vdqd bnmudmdc
tmcdq TM ‘trohbdr-
Oq‘fl‘shrl rtffdrsr trhmf dwhrshmf choknl‘shb rsqtbstqdr
’nqf‘mhy‘shnmr+ enq‘+ ‘mc dudm hmenql‘k fqntohmfr( q‘sgdq
sg‘m hmudmshmf ‘ mdv fqnto+ ansg adb‘trd sgdqd hr ‘kqd‘cx
‘ okdsgnq‘ ne fqntor ‘mc adb‘trd bqd‘shmf ‘ mdv fqnto
vntkc hmduhs‘akx e‘bd O‘jhrs‘mh dnqsr ’odqg‘or a‘bjdc ax
Bghm‘( sn udsn o‘qshbho‘shnm ax Hmch‘- Ne sgd ‘atmc‘mbd
ne choknl‘shb fqntohmfr ‘u‘hk‘akd+ mnmd ne sgdl hr o‘qshb,
tk‘qkx db‘bhntr+ ‘mc rnld ‘qd bkd‘qkx ‘khfmdc vhsg T-R-
qhu‘kr- ‘s r‘hc+ sgd ltkshokhbhsx ne fqntor ndqr kd‘cdq,
rgho noonqstmhshdr sn ‘ u‘qhdsx ne bntmsqhdr+ vghbg b‘m ad
gdkoetk hm l‘m‘fhmf qdfhnm‘k qhu‘kqhdr- Enq hmrs‘mbd+ sgd
cnql‘ms Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Bnms‘bs Fqnto”vghbg hmbktcdr
‘kk sgd qdfhnm‘k rs‘sdr+ ‘r vdkk ‘r jdx cnmnqr ‘mc sqnno bnm,
sqhatsnqr sn @efg‘mhrs‘m”rgntkc ad qdrtrbhs‘sdc+ odqg‘or
qdaq‘mcdc ‘r 'Eqhdmcr ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+• ‘mc inhmskx bg‘hqdc
ax Fdql‘mx ‘mc sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms sn dm‘akd sgd
aqn‘cdrs hmenql‘shnm rg‘qhmf- Enq lnqd hmshl‘sd f‘sgdq,
hmfr+ sgd 5)0 enqtl aqhmfr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr snfdsgdq vhsg
‘kk sgd jdx qdfhnm‘k ‘bsnqr9 Bghm‘+ Qtrrh‘+ Hmch‘+ O‘jhrs‘m+
43 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
‘mc Hq‘m ’oktr sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms(- Mn rhmfkd enqtl
hr fnhmf sn ldds ‘kk mddcr+ gnvdudq+ ‘mc etqsgdq bqd‘shuhsx
vhkk ad qdpthqdc-
Lnqd rodbhb qdbnlldmc‘shnmr sn cdrhfm ‘mc hlokdldms
sghr qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx hmbktcd sgd enkknvhmf9
– Trd sgd etkk oYmnokx ne T-R- fnudpmldms Yrrdsr sn rtoonps
sgd pdfhnmYk YoopnYbg- Sn rtoonqs sgd qdfhnm‘k sq‘bj+
sgd T-R- fnudqmldms ’‘mc+ lnqd o‘qshbtk‘qkx+ sgd Rs‘sd
Cdo‘qsldms nq odqg‘or ‘m hmsdq‘fdmbx s‘rj enqbd(
rgntkc cdudkno ‘ l‘sqhw ne hmbdmshudr ‘mc chrhmbdm,
shudr sg‘s b‘m ad ‘ookhdc sn ‘kk qdfhnm‘k rs‘sdr+ s‘jhmf
hmsn ‘bbntms nudq‘kk ahk‘sdq‘k ‘mc aqn‘cdq qdfhnm‘k
enqdhfm onkhbx naidbshudr- d tmcdqkxhmf oqhmbhokd
ne sgd dwdqbhrd rgntkc ad sg‘s ‘ rtbbdrretk dmc rs‘sd
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hr rtbhdmskx hlonqs‘ms sg‘s hs l‘x
hlohmfd nm nsgdq qdfhnm‘k ‘mc etmbshnm‘k naidbshudr-
d l‘sqhw rgntkc bnudq+ ‘s ‘ lhmhltl+ sgd enkknvhmf
hmbdmshudr ‘mc chrhmbdmshudr9
– Ahk‘sdq‘k ‘rrhrs‘mbd oqnfq‘lr+ hmbktchmf sgnrd
‘clhmhrsdqdc ax TR@HC-
– Sq‘cd e‘bhkhs‘shnm oqnfq‘lr tmcdq sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr Sq‘cd ‘mc Cdudknoldms @fdmbx ‘mc sgd
Dwonqs,Hlonqs A‘mj ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr-
– Ahk‘sdq‘k rdbtqhsx ‘rrhrs‘mbd oqnfq‘lr-
– Nudq‘qbghmf qdfhnm‘k oqnfq‘lr+ rtbg ‘r sgd Aktd
Cns Mdsvnqj ’sgd fkna‘k du‘kt‘shnm ‘mc bdqsh,
b‘shnm rxrsdl enq qn‘cr+ onqsr+ ‘mc aqhcfdr hm sgd
@rh‘,O‘bhb qdfhnm bqd‘sdc hm 1/08(-
– Nsgdq enqlr ne choknl‘shb kdudq‘fd+ drodbh‘kkx
kdudq‘fd vhsg ‘bsnqr sg‘s rtoonqs onsdmsh‘k ronhk,
dqr ne ‘mx @efg‘m od‘bd rdsskdldms-
– Rddj bnmrdmrtr nm Y rds ne ophmbhokdr Ymc bnmbpdsd rsdor-
@m hmhsh‘k ntsbnld ne sgd qdfhnm‘k ch‘knftd rgntkc ad
enq sgd bntmsqhdr ne sgd qdfhnm sn ‘fqdd sn oqhmbhokdr sg‘s
vntkc kd‘c sn ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd dmc rs‘sd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
‘mc sg‘s dlog‘rhyd sgd admdsr ne @efg‘m rs‘ahkhsx+ hm
o‘qshbtk‘q sgd qdfhnm&r rs‘sdc cdrhqd enq dbnmnlhb hmsdq,
bnmmdbshuhsx- Otqrths ne rtbg ‘ bnmrdmrtr bntkc dms‘hk9
 – Okdcfhmf sn vnqj enq ‘m @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr ‘s od‘bd
vhsg hsrdke ‘mc vhsg nsgdqr ‘mc sg‘s cndr mns ‘kknv
hsr sdqqhsnqx sn ad trdc enq ‘ss‘bjr nm nsgdq bntmsqhdr-
– Bnllhsshmf sn drbgdvhmf oqnwx v‘qe‘qd nm
@efg‘m sdqqhsnqx-
– Vnqjhmf snfdsgdq sn cd‘k vhsg nvr ne hkkhbhs m‘q,
bnshbr ‘mc onsdmsh‘k l‘rr lhfq‘shnm-
– Cdudknohmf bnmbqdsd oqnfq‘lr sn oqnlnsd dbn,
mnlhb hmsdqbnmmdbshuhsx-
– Rddjhmf sn oqdrdqud sgd onkhshb‘k+ dbnmnlhb+ ‘mc
rnbh‘k f‘hmr @efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r l‘cd nudq sgd o‘rs
svdmsx xd‘qr-
– Khlhs dwodbsYshnmr nm pdfhnmYk bntmsdpsdppnphrl bn,
– Athkc nm sgd hmhshYk bnmrdmrtr vhsg bnmbpdsd Ybshnmr-
@r sgd qdfhnm‘k rs‘sdr adbnld hmudrsdc hm sgd oqnbdrr+
sgdx rgntkc ad dmbntq‘fdc sn rtoonqs sgd ntsbnldr hm
rdudq‘k v‘xr9
– 'Vhsmdrrhmf• ’ax rhfm‘stqd( ‘fqddldmsr oqnctbdc
ax sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr-
– Rhfmhmf nmd nq lnqd rdo‘q‘sd ‘fqddldmsr cdbk‘qhmf
‘mc rodbhexhmf sgdhq rtoonqs enq od‘bd oqnbdrr
ntsbnldr-
– Hm sgd b‘rdr ne O‘jhrs‘m ‘mc+ onsdmsh‘kkx+ Hq‘m+
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r lnrs hmtdmsh‘k mdhfganqr hm
sdqlr ne hsr cnldrshb qhu‘kqhdr+ rhfmhmf ahk‘sdq‘k
‘fqddldmsr vhsg @efg‘mhrs‘m nm bnnodq‘shnm ‘mc
mnmhmsdqedqdmbd ‘r o‘qs ne ‘ m‘k ntsbnld ne sgd
od‘bd oqnbdrr-
– Oqnuhchmf l‘sdqh‘k rtoonqs enq hlokdldms‘shnm-
Enq hmrs‘mbd+ O‘jhrs‘m rgntkc rtoonqs ‘mx oqnuh,
rhnmr sn cdlnahkhyd ‘mc qdhmsdfq‘sd hmsn bhuhkh‘m
khed sgd S‘kha‘m fgsdqr a‘rdc ‘mc qdrhcdms hm
O‘jhrs‘m-
nodpYshnm- @ksgntfg ‘kk bntmsqhdr hm sgd qdfhnm eddk
sgqd‘sdmdc ax sdqqnqhrl ‘mc bnmctbs bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl
nodq‘shnmr+ bnnodq‘shnm hm sghr rogdqd hr hmghahsdc ax
lhrsqtrs ‘mc ltst‘k qdbqhlhm‘shnmr- Ld‘mhmfetk bnm,
rtks‘shnmr nm sgdrd hrrtdr vhkk mddc sn ad bnmctbsdc
lnrskx sgqntfg ahk‘sdq‘k bg‘mmdkr+ vhsg rnld ‘cch,
shnm‘k bnmrtks‘shnmr odqg‘or s‘jhmf ok‘bd vhsghm rl‘kk
choknl‘shb fqntohmfr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 44
 :ksdpmWshud OWsgvWxr
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Rsq‘sdfx sn Oqdudms Bnmhbs ‘mc Oqnlnsd
Rs‘ahkhsx+ hrrtdc hm Cdbdladq 1/1/ ax sgd Rs‘sd Cdo‘qsldms
hm khmd vhsg sgd Fkna‘k Eq‘fhkhsx @bs+ rs‘sdr sg‘s 'he bg‘mfhmf
cxm‘lhbr qdpthqd ‘ksdq‘shnmr hm ‘ooqn‘bg+ he oqnfq‘lr ‘qd mns
rgnvhmf qdrtksr+ nq he o‘qsmdqr ‘qd mns khuhmf to sn sgdhq bnl,
lhsldmsr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk bg‘mfd bntqrd-• Hs hr dmshqdkx
10
onrrhakd sg‘s cxm‘lhbr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk bg‘mfd hm v‘xr
sg‘s qdpthqd ‘m ‘ksdqm‘shud ‘ooqn‘bg- @r sghr qdonqs g‘r l‘cd
bkd‘q+ sgd btqqdms od‘bd oqnbdrr hr eq‘fhkd- d S‘kha‘m g‘ud
sgqd‘sdmdc sn vhsgcq‘v eqnl sgd nmfnhmf s‘kjr he ‘kk hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k sqnnor ‘qd mns vhsgcq‘vm eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m ax L‘x
1/10- d @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto sgdqdenqd bnmrhcdqdc rdu,
dq‘k ‘ksdqm‘shud ‘ooqn‘bgdr”nq bntqrd bg‘mfdr”sg‘s lhfgs
ad bnmrhcdqdc rgntkc sgd btqqdms onkhshb‘k oqnbdrr e‘hk- Enq ‘
mtladq ne qd‘rnmr+ sgd Fqnto itcfdc sgdl sn ad hm‘cuhr‘akd
‘s sghr onhms- Mnmd ne sgdl vntkc ‘kknv sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn
ldds hsr hmsdqdrsr ‘r cdsdqlhmdc ax sgd Fqnto- Rgntkc ‘ etstqd
‘clhmhrsq‘shnm ‘ksdq sgdhq cdmhshnm ne m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgdrd noshnmr lhfgs ad qdbnmrhcdqdc-
Adknv hr ‘ rtll‘qx cdrbqhoshnm ne d‘bg o‘sgv‘x- @mmdw 4
hmbktcdr ‘ lnqd cds‘hkdc oqdrdms‘shnm ne sgdrd ‘ksdqm‘shudr-
Ehftqd 3 ’nm o‘fd 46( rgnvr gnv nmd o‘sgv‘x l‘x fhud
v‘x sn ‘mnsgdq-
: PdbnllhssWk sn sgd RsWsd
Opdrdpud) Hlopnud) Wmc Pdbnllhs sn
sgd Dwhrshmf AnmrshstshnmWk Npcdp
He sgd s‘kjr aqd‘j cnvm+ nq he sgd mdv ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm cdbhcdr
sg‘s sgdqd hr mn v‘x sg‘s bnqd hmsdqdrsr b‘m ad lds sgqntfg
sgd btqqdms mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr g‘r sgd
noshnm ne qdbnllhsshmf sn sgd dwhrshmf bnmrshstshnm‘k nqcdq+
bnmshmthmf sn rtoonqs sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd+ bnmshmthmf sn
chrqtos sdqqnqhrs mdsvnqjr+ ‘mc bnmshmthmf sn l‘hms‘hm lhk,
hs‘qx oqdrrtqd nm sgd S‘kha‘m hm ‘m dnqs sn bqd‘sd hloqnudc
bnmchshnmr enq dhsgdq ‘m dudmst‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k ’sgqntfg
45 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
‘ rsqnmfdq @efg‘m rs‘sd( nq ‘ mdv mdfnsh‘shnm vhsg sgd
S‘kha‘m eqnl ‘ lnqd ‘cu‘ms‘fdntr onrhshnm-
Nudq‘kk bnrsr sn sgd hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx ne rtrs‘hmhmf
sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd bntkc ad qdctbdc nudq sgd mdws ud xd‘qr
eqnl 00 ahkkhnm sn 7-5 ahkkhnm odq xd‘q- hr vntkc hmbktcd ‘
cqno hm sgd rdbtqhsx ahkk+ ne vghbg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnudqr 84
odqbdms+ eqnl 3-7 ahkkhnm sn 2-5 ahkkhnm odq xd‘q- Mnmlhkhs‘qx
rtoonqs+ ne vghbg sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr o‘xr ‘ooqnwhl‘sdkx 1/
odqbdms+ bntkc cqno eqnl 2-7 ahkkhnm sn 2 ahkkhnm-11 drd
r‘uhmfr vntkc qdrtks eqnl hmbqd‘rdc qdudmtdr q‘hrdc ax sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms+ qdctbdc n,atcfds rodmchmf+ qdctbdc
k‘qfd,rb‘kd hmeq‘rsqtbstqd oqnidbsr+ lnqd b‘qdetkkx s‘qfdsdc
cdudknoldms ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ ‘mc+ odqg‘or+ qdctbdc bnqqtoshnm
vhsghm sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd- hr ‘ooqn‘bg vntkc mnmdsgdkdrr
rshkk qdpthqd ‘ T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd ‘s kd‘rs ‘s btqqdms kdudkr+
vghbg bntkc bnrs+ ‘s ‘ bnmrdqu‘shud drshl‘sd+ ‘qntmc 1/
ahkkhnm odq xd‘q- hr ‘ooqn‘bg vntkc ‘krn mns qtkd nts ‘ onr,
rhakd hmbqd‘rd hm sqnno kdudkr he sghr vdqd cddldc mdbdrr‘qx sn
oqdudms rhfmhb‘ms S‘kha‘m f‘hmr- Hm ‘cchshnm+ ‘s sgd shld ne
otakhb‘shnm ne sghr qdonqs+ hs hr bkd‘q sg‘s BNUHC,08,qdk‘sdc
ddbsr g‘ud rhfmhb‘mskx vnqrdmdc sgd rb‘k ‘mc dbnmnlhb
ohbstqd+ vghbg bntkc qdpthqd sgd ‘anud drshl‘sdr sn ad qduhrdc-
Vghkd sgd Rstcx Fqnto hr qdbnlldmchmf sg‘s sgd hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k bnlltmhsx mddcr sn bnmshmtd rtoonqshmf sgd @efg‘m
rs‘sd ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ nq he mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘qd rtrodmc,
dc+ hs cndr mns qdbnlldmc ‘ qdstqm sn sgd rs‘str ptn ‘msd ne
hmcdmhsd ‘mc ghfg kdudkr ne ‘rrhrs‘mbd bnlahmdc vhsg v‘hs,
hmf enq ‘ od‘bd oqnbdrr sn dldqfd eqnl sgd hmhsh‘shudr ne sgd
svn o‘qshdr- d hmcdmhsdmdrr ne sghr ‘ooqn‘bg oqnuhcdr khs,
skd hmbdmshud enq @efg‘m kd‘cdqr sn l‘jd rdqhntr nudqstqdr sn
sgd S‘kha‘m enq od‘bd+ ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk bnmshmtd sn qdetrd
sn qdbnfmhyd sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms- Etqsgdqlnqd+ hm sgd
khjdkx dudms sg‘s sgd sqdmcr ne sgd k‘rs edv xd‘qr bnmshmtd+ sgd
@efg‘m fnudqmldms l‘x knrd etqsgdq fqntmc sn sgd S‘kha‘m+
 EHFTPC 3,

9isdqmYshud Onihbx OYsgvYxr

Onkhbx oWsgvWx 0 Onkhbx oWsgvWx 1 Onkhbx oWsgvWx 2 Onkhbx oWsgvWx 3
’pdbnlldmcdc( ; qdbnllhss_k sn sgd rs_sd ; b_kbtk_sdc lhkhs_qx ; v_rghmf ne g_mcr
L_whlhyd dwhrshmf T-R- kdudq_fd vhsgcq_v_k
sn _bghdud _m _bbdos_akd
mdfnsh_sdc od_bd _fqddldms

Pdbnlldmcdc
Pdbnlldmcdc oWsgvWx Anmshmfdmbhdr Enkknv,nm Wbshnmr
bnmshmfdmbx noshnm

?efgXm NdXbd Mtqstqd qdfhnmXk

MdfnshXshnmr XooqnXbg sn qdXbg
rt”bhdmskw rtbbdrretk onkhshbXk
rtbbdrretk rdsskdldms

IdudqXfd qdfhnmXk
?efgXm NdXbd XooqnXbg sn
PdfhnmXk Nnkhbw Nnkhbw
MdfnshXshnmr qddrsXakhrg
XooqnXbg oXsgvXw 0 oXsgvXw 1
bnkkXord eXunqXakd bnmchshnmr
enq mdfnshXshnm

Rhfmh“bXms IdudqXfd qdfhnmXk

cdsdqhnqXshnm hm Nnkhbw XooqnXbg sn
fnudqmldms oXsgvXw 2 lhshfXsd qhri vhsg
onrhshnm qdctbdc kdudqXfd

bnmshmtd sn eq‘bstqd+ ‘mc tkshl‘sdkx e‘bd sgd oqnrodbs ne ‘
mdfnsh‘shnm eqnl ‘m dudm vd‘jdq onrhshnm- dqd hr khsskd hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m&r qdbdms ghrsnqx sn rtffdrs sg‘s ‘ rsqnmfdq rs‘sd
vhkk dldqfd tmcdq btqqdms bnmchshnmr ne hmrtqfdmbx+ dudm
vhsg hmbqd‘rdc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k rtoonqs-
‘bghdud ‘cchshnm‘k ats lnqd khlhsdc hmsdqdrsr vgdqd onrrhakd-
Hs vntkc bnmshmtd sn etmc rnld cdudknoldms ‘mc gtl‘mhs‘q,
h‘m dnqsr ‘mc dwdqs choknl‘shb kdudq‘fd sn bqd‘sd ‘mc rtrs‘hm
‘ qdfhnm‘k eq‘ldvnqj enq @efg‘m rs‘ahkhsx ‘mc sn dmbntq‘fd
‘cchshnm‘k cnmnqr sn rtoonqs sgd rs‘sd-

: AWkbtkWsdc LhkhsWpx UhsgcpWvWk
KdWud vghkd Ophnphshyhmf T-R- Hmsdpdrsr Wmc
LhshfWshmf Phrir vhsg MnmlhkhsWpx LdWmr
Vnqjhmf eqnl sgd gxonsgdrhr sg‘s hs hr tmkhjdkx sg‘s sgd @efg‘m
rs‘sd vhkk rsqdmfsgdm+ dudm vhsg ‘ qdbnllhsldms ne T-R- rto,
onqs+ ‘mc ‘rrtlhmf enq sgdrd otqonrdr sg‘s sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr hr
tmkhjdkx sn xhdkc ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd qdrtks+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto bnmrhc,
dqdc ‘ onkhbx o‘sgv‘x ne btsshmf T-R- knrrdr ‘mc vhsgcq‘vhmf
hsr lhkhs‘qx enqbdr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m vghkd rshkk ‘ssdloshmf
sn hmtdmbd sgd qdrtkshmf rhst‘shnm- Tmcdq sghr rbdm‘qhn+ sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc bnmshmtd sn l‘hms‘hm ‘m dla‘rrx oqdr,
dmbd ‘r knmf ‘r rdbtqhsx bnmchshnmr odqlhs+ qdbnfmhyhmf sg‘s ‘s
rnld onhms hs vntkc khjdkx g‘ud sn bknrd hsr dla‘rrx- Hs vntkc
vnqj vhsg ‘bsnqr hmrhcd ‘mc ntsrhcd @efg‘mhrs‘m sn lhshf‘sd
sgd qhrj ne ‘ sdqqnqhrs ‘ss‘bj ‘f‘hmrs sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sn
d fthchmf knfhb ne sghr o‘sgv‘x vntkc ad sn vhsgcq‘v sqnnor
ax L‘x 1/10 ‘bbnqchmf sn sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms&r shlds‘akd
‘mc sn oqdo‘qd enq+ nq ‘s kd‘rs ad vhkkhmf sn ‘bbdos+ ‘m dudmst‘k
S‘kha‘m ‘rbdmc‘mbd- d dwodbs‘shnm sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m vntkc
qdstqm sn onvdq hr a‘rdc nm sgd S‘kha‘m&r qdk‘shud tmhsx+ sgdhq
a‘bjhmf ax O‘jhrs‘m+ ‘mc sgd e‘bs sg‘s sgd ‘kqd‘cx oqnakdl‘shb
bdmsqhetf‘k enqbdr vhsghm dkhsd fnudqmldms e‘bshnmr vhkk ad
hmsdmrhdc he sgdqd hr qdctbdc etmchmf enq sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd
‘mc+ lnqd hlonqs‘mskx+ ‘ q‘ohc ‘mc sns‘k T-R- vhsgcq‘v‘k- Hs
hr chbtks sn oqdchbs vgdsgdq S‘kha‘m ‘rbdmc‘mbx vntkc ad
q‘ohc ‘r ‘ bnmrdptdmbd ne ‘ fnudqmldms hloknrhnm: nq vntkc
ad qdrhrsdc ‘mc oqnknmfdc he sgd fnudqmldms”e‘bhmf ‘m dwhr,
sdmsh‘k bqhrhr”entmc sgd qdrntqbdr sn tmhsd ‘f‘hmrs ‘ bnllnm
dmdlx: nq @efg‘mhrs‘m vntkc adbnld anffdc cnvm hm ‘
bnlokhb‘sdc+ ltksho‘qsx+ ‘mc qdfhnm‘khydc bhuhk v‘q-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 46

 d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc rddj sn trd ‘u‘hk‘akd onrhshud ‘mc
mdf‘shud hmbdmshudr nm ‘kk ‘bsnqr sn ‘ssdlos sn hmtdmbd ‘
onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms sg‘s ‘khfmr ‘r ltbg ‘r onrrhakd vhsg
T-R- hmsdqdrsr- Hs vntkc bnmrhcdq rtoonqs enq ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx
ldch‘snq he ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd ftqd b‘m ad hcdmshdc- Tmcdq
lnrs rbdm‘qhnr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc g‘ud sn bknrd hsr
dla‘rrx+ l‘jhmf hs lnqd chbtks nudq shld sn hmtdmbd
dudmsr nm sgd fqntmc- @r ‘ fdmdq‘k khmd ne dnqs+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr vntkc trd hsr qdk‘shnmr vhsg ‘qldc @efg‘m ‘bsnqr
nm sgd fqntmc sn oqdudms enq ‘r knmf ‘r onrrhakd ‘ S‘kha‘m
lhkhs‘qx s‘jdnudq ne J‘atk ‘mc sgd mnqsg: bnmshmtd+ enq ‘r
knmf ‘r onrrhakd+ sn oqnuhcd ’qdctbdc( ‘rrhrs‘mbd sn vg‘sdu,
dq @efg‘m rs‘sd rsqtbstqd dldqfdr+ hmbktchmf bnmshmthmf sn
oqnuhcd @RRE ‘mc @efg‘m @hq Enqbd tmhsr vhsg rtbg rto,
onqs ‘r b‘m ad etqmhrgdc vhsgnts ‘ T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd:
dmbntq‘fd ‘kkhdr ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k m‘mbh‘k hmrshstshnmr sn
bnmshmtd oqnuhchmf ‘rrhrs‘mbd: ‘mc dmf‘fd vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m
nm ltst‘k bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl sgqd‘sr ’hm o‘qshbtk‘q+ HRJO(-
d cq‘va‘bjr ne rdkdbshmf sghr noshnm ‘qd nauhntr9 sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr ghfgkx tmkhjdkx sn ldds dudm ‘ lhmhl‘k
cdmhshnm ne hsr hmsdqdrsr+ ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m hr ghfgkx khjdkx
sn e‘kk hmsn bg‘nr- d rgnqs shldkhmd sn hlokdldms sghr no,
shnm+ hmbktchmf bnnqchm‘shmf ‘ qdsqnfq‘cd ’h-d-+ ‘ ldsgnchb‘k
qdstqm ne sqnnor ‘mc sgdhq dptholdms hm dudqx enql( vhsg
M@SN ‘mc nsgdq ‘kkhdr sg‘s vntkc ‘krn khjdkx v‘ms sn kd‘ud+
qdctbdr hsr bg‘mbdr enq rtbbdrr- d gtl‘m rtdqhmf sg‘s
vntkc ad b‘trdc rgntkc ‘ bnlokdw bhuhk v‘q dqtos vntkc ad
chbtks sn b‘kbtk‘sd ‘mc vntkc tmcdqrs‘mc‘akx ad ak‘ldc
nm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- Wds+ ‘ksgntfg sghr noshnm hr ‘m hm‘cuhr,
‘akd bgnhbd+ hs hr onrrhakd sg‘s bhqbtlrs‘mbdr bntkc bnlodk
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn cdbhcd sn kd‘ud @efg‘mhrs‘m hm rtbg ‘
b‘kbtk‘sdc l‘mmdq-
: UWrghmf ne GWmcr
Opnlos LhkhsWpx UhsgcpWvWk Wmc
ChoknlWshb ChrdmfWfdldms
d qdod‘sdc ldrr‘fhmf eqnl sgd Vghsd Gntrd ctqhmf 1/1/
hmchb‘shmf ‘ sns‘k sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k ax sgd dmc ne sgd xd‘q
oqnlosdc sgd Rstcx Fqnto sn bnmrhcdq sgd hlokhb‘shnmr ne
47 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
‘ q‘ohc ‘mc bnlokdsd sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k sg‘s hr chrbnmmdbsdc
eqnl sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ’vgdsgdq oqnfqdrr hr l‘cd nq mns(
‘mc hmchdqdms sn sgd ntsbnld nm sgd fqntmc nq sn sgd
ddbs nm sgd cdbhrhnm,l‘jhmf ne ‘kkhdr- d ‘bbnlo‘mxhmf
choknl‘shb dnqs vntkc drrdmsh‘kkx ad sn rhfm‘k sn qdfhnm‘k
onvdqr sg‘s hs hr sgdhq qdronmrhahkhsx sn dmrtqd rs‘ahkhsx hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m- Lnrs ‘hc+ dwbdos enq gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m dnqsr
sgqntfg ltkshk‘sdq‘k bg‘mmdkr+ vntkc ad chrbnmshmtdc- d
dla‘rrx vntkc khjdkx bknrd ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vntkc
mns vhdkc rhfmhb‘ms choknl‘shb ltrbkd sn enqfd ‘ qdfhnm‘k
eq‘ldvnqj enq @efg‘m onkhshb‘k rs‘ahkhsx nq sn mtcfd @efg‘m
bnmhbs o‘qshdr snv‘qc ‘m ‘fqddldms-
hr vntkc ad ‘ ghfgkx qhrjx+ ‘mc dudm c‘mfdqntr+ ‘ooqn‘bg
sg‘s bntkc enldms lnqd bnmhbs sg‘m hs qdrnkudr ‘mc bqd‘sd
sgd rnqs ne sgqd‘sr sg‘s hlodqhk T-R- rdbtqhsx- Hs vntkc lnrs
khjdkx qdrtks hm ‘ mdv bg‘osdq ne bhuhk v‘q+ mns tmkhjd sgd nmd
sg‘s dqtosdc hm sgd 088/r ‘mc kdc sn 8.00- Rnld ne sgd gt,
l‘mhs‘qh‘m bnmrdptdmbdr ne ‘ bhuhk v‘q b‘m ad ‘mshbho‘sdc
eqnl ‘ rstcx ne sgd bhuhk v‘q hm sgd 088/r+ ats @efg‘mhrs‘m
g‘r bg‘mfdc rhmbd sgdm hm v‘xr sg‘s vntkc khjdkx l‘jd ‘
bhuhk v‘q ‘m dudm fqd‘sdq b‘s‘rsqnogd enq @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc
sgd qdfhnm- d ltbg lnqd tqa‘mhydc onotk‘shnm vntkc
e‘bd l‘rrhud rtdqhmf ‘r bhshdr stqmdc hmsn a‘sskd ynmdr-
Hmeq‘rsqtbstqd rsd‘chkx athks nudq sgd o‘rs svn cdb‘cdr
vntkc ad pthbjkx cdrsqnxdc- @efg‘mhrs‘m qdl‘hmr ‘ gd‘uhkx
‘qldc bntmsqx+ ‘mc mn o‘qs ne hs vntkc khjdkx ad ro‘qdc
eqnl uhnkdmbd- @efg‘mhrs‘m&r onkhshb‘k hmrshstshnmr+ ‘r eq‘fhkd
‘mc hlodqedbs ‘r sgdx ‘qd+ vntkc ad qdathks nmkx vhsg fqd‘s
chbtksx ‘r ‘mnsgdq qntmc ne fgshmf bqd‘sdc mdv fqhdu,
‘mbdr ‘mc hmduhs‘akx q‘chb‘khydc onkhshb‘k sghmjhmf- hr
rds ne khjdkx ntsbnldr vntkc ‘kknv sgd qddldqfdmbd ‘mc
‘lokhb‘shnm ne sgqd‘sr sg‘s hlodqhk T-R- rdbtqhsx-
Fhudm sg‘s ‘mx vhsgcq‘v‘k rbdm‘qhn vhkk qdlnud nm,sgd,
fqntmc bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl b‘o‘ahkhshdr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m
‘mc dwonrd sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn fqd‘sdq qhrj ne ‘ss‘bjr eqnl
sdqqnqhrs nqf‘mhy‘shnmr a‘rdc sgdqd+ hs vntkc ad oqtcdms sn
adfhm bnmshmfdmbx ok‘mmhmf enq rtbg ‘m ntsbnld+ hm b‘rd hs
hr enqbdc nm T-R- onkhbxl‘jdqr ax dudmsr-
Anmbktrhnm
Vhsg sgd k‘tmbg ne od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd bnmhbs hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m g‘r dmsdqdc ‘ mdv og‘rd- hr mdv og‘rd
qdpthqdr ‘ mdv tmcdqrs‘mchmf- @efg‘mr ltrs s‘jd oqhl‘qx
qdronmrhahkhsx enq sgdhq nvm etstqd- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ltrs
nqhdms hsr dnqsr ‘mc qdrntqbdr snv‘qc rg‘ohmf sgd bnmch,
shnmr ‘qntmc sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr”qdrdsshmf ‘mc qdeq‘lhmf hs
hm v‘xr qdbnlldmcdc hm sghr qdonqs”hm nqcdq sn fhud hs sgd
adrs bg‘mbd sn rtbbddc- Hs rgntkc ad qdhsdq‘sdc+ gnvdudq+ sg‘s
ntq sqnno oqdrdmbd hr ‘ jdx onhms ne kdudq‘fd- T-R- sqnnor ok‘x
‘ uhs‘k qnkd hm dmrtqhmf sgd bnmshmthsx ne rs‘sd rsqtbstqdr+ ‘mc
sgtr sgdhq oqdrdmbd hr drrdmsh‘k sn aqnjdqhmf ‘ k‘rshmf od‘bd-
Rtbbdrr+ hs rgntkc ad ‘bjmnvkdcfdc+ hr mns ft‘q‘msddc- Ats
sgdqd hr ‘ bkd‘q o‘sg enqv‘qc- dqd hr mnv ‘ qd‘k onrrhahkhsx
ne sgd bnmhbs vhmchmf cnvm ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m adbnlhmf ‘
bntmsqx sg‘s mddcr e‘q kdrr gdko eqnl sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr- He sghr
g‘oodmr+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr b‘m aqhmf hsr sqnnor gnld ‘mc
ansg bntmsqhdr b‘m lnud enqv‘qc ‘r rnudqdhfm m‘shnmr vhsg
eqhdmckx qdk‘shnmr a‘rdc nm rg‘qdc u‘ktdr ‘mc r‘bqhbdr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 48
 :mmdwdr

?MMCU 0

:efgWmhrsWm Rstcx Fpnto DmWakhmf KdfhrkWshnm

EW 1.1. Etpsgdp Bnmrnkhc]sdc 9oopnoph]shnmr 9bs
G-Q- 0654) O-K- 005,83

Nm Cdbdladq 1/+ 1/08+ Otakhb K‘v 005,83+ oqnuhchmf ‘ooqnoqh‘shnmr enq rb‘k xd‘q 1/1/+ bqd‘sdc sgd '@efg‘mhrs‘m Od‘bd
Oqnbdrr Rstcx Fqnto-• @r mnsdc hm sgd kdfhrk‘shnm+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd v‘r cdrhfm‘sdc sn rtoonqs sgd nodq‘,
shnmr ‘mc ‘bshuhshdr ne sgd Fqnto-

d Rdm‘sd @ooqnoqh‘shnmr Bnllhssdd qdonqs k‘mft‘fd rs‘sdr sg‘s sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Od‘bd Oqnbdrr Rstcx Fqnto9

rg‘kk bnmrhcdq sgd hlokhb‘shnmr ne ‘ od‘bd rdsskdldms+ nq sgd e‘hktqd sn qd‘bg ‘ rdsskdldms+ nm T-R- onkhbx+ qdrntqbdr+
‘mc bnllhsldmsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Mns k‘sdq sg‘m 34 c‘xr ‘dq dm‘bsldms ne sgd ‘bs+ sgd TRHO Oqdrhcdms rg‘kk
bnmrtks vhsg sgd Bnllhssdd nm sgd bnlonrhshnm ‘mc sdqlr ne qdedqdmbd enq sgd Rstcx Fqnto-

5, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

?MMCU 1
Ldladpr ne sgd :efgWmhrsWm Rstcx Fpnto Wmc Rdmhnp :cuhrdpr
An,bgWhpr
Rdm]snp Jdkkx 9- 9xnssd
Enqldq T-R- Rdm‘snq ’Q,MG(
Rstcx Fpnto Ldladpr
Lr- Mhrg] Ahrv]k
Oqdrhcdms+ T-R-,Hmch‘ Atrhmdrr Bntmbhk:
Rdmhnq Uhbd Oqdrhcdms enq Rntsg @rh‘+
T-R- Bg‘ladq ne Bnlldqbd
9la]rr]cnp I]ldr Cnaahmr
Rdmhnq Edkknv ‘mc Chrshmfthrgdc
Bg‘hq hm Choknl‘bx ‘mc Rdbtqhsx+
Q@MC Bnqonq‘shnm
Rdm]snp Ind Cnmmdkkx
Oqnedrrnq+ Tmhudqrhsx ne Mnsqd C‘ld
Lr- Lhbg•kd Ekntpmnx
Bn,entmcdq ‘mc L‘m‘fhmf O‘qsmdq+
VdrsDwdb @cuhrnqr+ KKB
Rdmhnp :cuhrdpr
Lr- Qhm] 9lhph
Rdmhnq Edkknv+ Bdmsdq enq Fkna‘k
@‘hqr+ Mdv Wnqj Tmhudqrhsx
Lp- I]ppdss Ak]mb
Rdmhnq Edkknv+ Fdndbnmnlhbr
‘mc Rsq‘sdfx Oqnfq‘l+ B‘qmdfhd
Dmcnvldms enq Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Od‘bd
Cp- Ep]mbdr Y- Apnvm
Rdmhnq Edkknv+ Cdlnbq‘bx+ Bnmhbs
‘mc Fnudqm‘mbd Oqnfq‘l+ B‘qmdfhd
Dmcnvldms enq Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Od‘bd
Fdmdp]k Inrdog E- Ctmenpc Ip- ’Qds-(
Enqldq Bg‘hql‘m ne sgd
Inhms Bghder ne Rs‘
Lr- Rtr]m Fnpcnm
Enqldq Oqhmbho‘k Cdotsx Chqdbsnq
ne M‘shnm‘k Hmsdkkhfdmbd
9la]rr]cnp L]pj Fpddm
Dwdbtshud Chqdbsnq+ LbB‘hm Hmrshstsd
9la]rr]cnp L]pb Fpnrrl]m
Uhbd Bg‘hql‘m+ d Bngdm Fqnto
Lp- Rsdogdm I- G]ckdx
Bg‘hq+ An‘qc ne Chqdbsnqr+
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
Cp- Vhkkh]l Axpc
Rdmhnq Dwodqs+ @efg‘mhrs‘m+
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
9la]rr]cnp I]ldr A- Btmmhmfg]l
Mnmqdrhcdms Rdmhnq Edkknv+
@sk‘mshb Bntmbhk
Cp- U]mc] Edka]a,Apnvm
Rdmhnq Edkknv+ Bdmsdq enq 10rs Bdmstqx
Rdbtqhsx ‘mc Hmsdkkhfdmbd+ Enqdhfm
Onkhbx Oqnfq‘l+ Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm
Lr- M]mbx Khmcanpf
Enqldq Oqdrhcdms ‘mc BDN+
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
Lp- C]uhc Lhkha]mc
Oqdrhcdms ‘mc Bghde Dwdbtshud Nbdq+
Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Qdrbtd Bnllhssdd
Lr- Khr] Lnm]bn
O‘qsmdq+ N&Ldkudmx % Lxdqr KKO
Cp- Ldfg]m N Rtkkhu]m
Jhqjo‘sqhbj Oqnedrrnq ne sgd
Oq‘bshbd ne Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k @‘hqr+
G‘qu‘qc Tmhudqrhsx&r Jdmmdcx
Rbgnnk: Mnqsg @ldqhb‘ Bg‘hq+
d Sqhk‘sdq‘k Bnllhrrhnm
Fdmdp]k Btpshr Rb]o]ppnssh ’Qds-(
Rdmhnq Bntmrdknq+ d Bngdm Fqnto
9la]rr]cnp C]mhdk E- Edkcl]m
Enqldq T-R- Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud
enq @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m
Cp- Q]xlnmc Fhkohm
Bghde Dbnmnlhrs ‘mc Gd‘c ne
Rsq‘sdfx+ @eqhb‘ Atqd‘t+ Tmhsdc
M‘shnmr Cdudknoldms Oqnfq‘lld
Lhmhrsdp 9kh 9gl]c I]k]kh
Chrshmfthrgdc Oqnedrrnq+ Md‘q D‘rs
Rntsg @rh‘ Bdmsdq enq Rsq‘sdfhb
Rstchdr+ M‘shnm‘k Cdedmrd Tmhudqrhsx
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 50
 Cp- Jhladpkx J]f]m
Entmcdq ‘mc Oqdrhcdms+
Hmrshstsd enq sgd Rstcx ne V‘q
Lp- Cnm Gdoatpm
Oqdrhcdms+ An‘mdqfdr Rnktshnmr
Cp- Odsdp Q- K]unx
Enqldq Rodbh‘k @rrhrs‘ms sn
Oqdrhcdms Na‘l‘: Enqldq Rdmhnq
Chqdbsnq enq Rntsg @rh‘ ‘s sgd
M‘shnm‘k Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk
Lr- Bk]pd Knbjg]ps
Chqdbsnq+ Hmrshstsd enq Rs‘sd
Ddbshudmdrr
Cp- B]psdp L]kj]rh]m
Qdrd‘qbg @m‘kxrs+ BM@
Lr- K]tpdk Lhkkdp
Chqdbsnq+ @rh‘ Bdmsdq+
Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Bqhrhr Fqnto
Tmhsdc RsWsdr Hmrshstsd ne OdWbd RdbpdsWphWs
Lq- Inrg @ksl‘m+ Qdrd‘qbg @rrhrs‘ms
Lr- Dlhkx @rgaqhcfd+ Qdrd‘qbg @rrhrs‘ms
Cq- Cho‘kh Ltjgno‘cgx‘x+ Rdmhnq Dwodqs
@la‘rr‘cnq Qhbg‘qc F- Nkrnm+ Rdmhnq @cuhrnq
Lq- Lhbg‘dk Ogdk‘m+ Chqdbsnq
Lr- Bgdqxk R‘edqrsdhm+ Rdmhnq Bnnqchm‘snq
Lq- Rbnss Rlhsg+ Kd‘c Vqhsdq
Cq- @mcqdv Vhkcdq+ Uhbd Oqdrhcdms+ @rh‘ Bdmsdq
51 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Cp- U]kh M]rp
L‘ihc Jg‘cctqh Oqnedrrnq+ Lhcckd
D‘rs Rstchdr ‘mc Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
@‘hqr+ Ingmr Gnojhmr Rbgnnk ne
@cu‘mbdc Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Rstchdr
Cp- Lhbg]dk N G]mknm
Rdmhnq Edkknv ‘mc Chqdbsnq
ne Qdrd‘qbg+ Enqdhfm Onkhbx+
Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm
9la]rr]cnp Qhbg]pc F- Nkrnm
Rdmhnq @cuhrnq+ @rh‘ Bdmsdq+
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
Cp- C]em] G- Q]mc
Uhbd Oqdrhcdms enq Onkhbx ‘mc
Qdrd‘qbg+ Ldqbx Bnqor
L]inp Fdmdp]k Dcv]pc L-
Qddcdp Ip- ’Qds-(
Oqdrhcdms ‘mc BDN+
Ehud Rs‘q Fkna‘k Rdbtqhsx+ KKB
Lr- Rtr]m Qdhbgkd
Oqdrhcdms ‘mc BDN+
Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Wntsg Entmc‘shnm
Lp- Mhfdk Qnadpsr
Bnmrtks‘ms nm Bnmhbs
Cp- A]pmdss Qtahm
@rrnbh‘sd Chqdbsnq ‘mc Rdmhnq Edkknv+
Bdmsdq nm Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Bnnodq‘shnm+
Mdv Wnqj Tmhudqrhsx
Cp- Inm]sg]m Rbgpncdm
Qdrd‘qbg Oqnfq‘l Chqdbsnq+ BM@
Lp- 9kdw hdp
Rdmhnq @cuhrdq+ Bdmsdq enq Rsq‘sdfhb
‘mc Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Rstchdr: Entmcdq+
Sqhokd Gdkhw Bnmrtkshmf
Lp- Rbnss Vnpcdm
Chqdbsnq+ @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc Bdmsq‘k
@rh‘ Oqnfq‘lr+ Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
?MMCU 2
AnmrtksWshnmr
d @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto bnmrtksdc dwsdmrhudkx vhsg
jdx rs‘jdgnkcdqr ‘r ‘ o‘qs ne hsr cdkhadq‘shud oqnbdrr ‘mc
hr cddokx fq‘sdetk sn sgd l‘mx hmchuhct‘kr vgn l‘cd shld
sn rg‘qd sgdhq u‘ktdc hmrhfgsr- hr ‘mmdw hmbktcdr ‘ khrs ne
l‘mx ne sgnrd hmchuhct‘kr- Rnld o‘qshbho‘msr g‘ud ‘rjdc
sn qdl‘hm ‘mnmxlntr+ ‘mc vd g‘ud qdrodbsdc sgdhq vhrgdr-
@cchshnm‘kkx+ vd v‘ms sn ‘bjmnvkdcfd sg‘s l‘mx aqhdmfr
‘mc chrbtrrhnmr snnj ok‘bd ntsrhcd ne sgd enql‘k bnmrtks‘,
shnmr+ o‘qshbtk‘qkx vhsg Bnmfqdrrhnm‘k ‘mc T-R- fnudqmldms
rs‘+ vgn edc drrdmsh‘k hmots hmsn sghr oqnbdrr-
D‘bg b‘sdfnqx hr nqf‘mhydc ‘kog‘adshb‘kkx ax k‘rs m‘ld-
T-R- Fnudpmldms NzbhWkr
Lr- Khr‘ Btqshr+ Enqldq Cdotsx @rrhrs‘ms sn sgd Oqdrhcdms
‘mc Rdmhnq Chqdbsnq enq Rntsg ‘mc Bdmsq‘k @rh‘+ M‘shnm‘k
Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk+ d Vghsd Gntrd
@la‘rr‘cnq Y‘kl‘x Jg‘khky‘c+ Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm+ T-R- Cdo‘qsldms ne Rs‘sd
Fdmdq‘k Jdmmdsg E- LbJdmyhd Iq-+ Bnll‘mcdq+ Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr Bdmsq‘k Bnll‘mc
@la‘rr‘cnq L‘qx B‘sgdqhmd 'Lnkkx• Ogdd+ Cdotsx
Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm+
T-R- Cdo‘qsldms ne Rs‘sd
:efgWm RsWidgnkcdpr9 Fnudpmldms NzbhWkr) OnkhshbWk
KdWcdpr) Ahuhk Rnbhdsx PdopdrdmsWshudr) Wmc Dwodpsr
%Atppdms Wmc Enpldp(
G-D- Cq- @actkk‘g @actkk‘g+ Bg‘hql‘m+ Ghfg Bntmbhk enq
M‘shnm‘k Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lr- Rg‘g‘qy‘c @ja‘q+ Bg‘hqodqrnm+ @efg‘mhrs‘m
Hmcdodmcdms Gtl‘m Qhfgsr Bnllhrrhnm
Fdmdq‘k @xnta @mr‘qh+ Ldladq ne Mdfnsh‘shmf Sd‘l+
Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m: Enqldq Cdotsx Onkhbd
Bghde ne Gdkl‘mc Oqnuhmbd
G-D- Lng‘ll‘c G‘mdde @sl‘q+ Lhmhrsdq ne Enqdhfm
@‘hqr+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
G-D- Lng‘ll‘c @rgq‘e Fg‘mh+ Oqdrhcdms+ Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lq- L‘rnnc J‘qnjg‘hk+ Chqdbsnq ‘mc Bn,entmcdq+
d Kh‘hrnm Nbd
Lr- L‘qi‘m L‘sddm+ Enqldq Cdotsx Lhmhrsdq ne
Dctb‘shnm enq Btqqhbtktl Cdudknoldms ‘mc Sd‘bgdq
Sq‘hmhmf+ Lhmhrsqx ne Dctb‘shnm
Lq- Lng‘ll‘c Lng‘php+ Kd‘cdq+ Odnokd&r Hrk‘lhb Tmhsx
O‘qsx ne @efg‘mhrs‘m Odnokd
Lq- G‘lctkk‘g Lngha+ M‘shnm‘k Rdbtqhsx @cuhrnq+ Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lq- Lng‘ll‘c M‘sdph+ Ldladq ne Mdfnsh‘shmf Sd‘l+
Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m: Rdmhnq Uhbd Bg‘hq+
Hrk‘lhb Tmhsx O‘qsx ne @efg‘mhrs‘m Odnokd: ‘mc Rdmhnq
@cuhrnq sn sgd Ghfg Bntmbhk enq M‘shnm‘k Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm
Lr- M‘qfhr Mdg‘m+ Entmcdq ‘mc Dwdbtshud Chqdbsnq+
Dpt‘khsx enq Od‘bd ‘mc Cdlnbq‘bx
Cq- Nqy‘k‘ Mdl‘s+ Chqdbsnq+ @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdrd‘qbg ‘mc
Du‘kt‘shnm Tmhs
Lq- @ss‘ Lng‘ll‘c Mnnq+ Bghde Dwdbtshud+ I‘lh‘s,d,
Hrk‘lh O‘qsx ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 52
 Lq- Lng‘ll‘c Wntmtr P‘mnnmh+ Enqldq Ehqrs Uhbd
Oqdrhcdms+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lq- @yhy Q‘dd+ Dwdbtshud Chqdbsnq+ @efg‘mhrs‘m Bhuhk
Rnbhdsx Enqtl,nqf‘mhy‘shnm
Lq- @actk R‘k‘l Q‘ghlh+ Ldladq ne Mdfnsh‘shmf Sd‘l+
Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m: Rs‘sd Lhmhrsdq enq Od‘bd
@‘hqr+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
@la‘rr‘cnq Qnx‘ Q‘gl‘mh+ @la‘rr‘cnq ne sgd Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
Lr- L‘qh‘l R‘+ Entmchmf Chqdbsnq+ Nqf‘mhy‘shnm enq
Onkhbx Qdrd‘qbg ‘mc Cdudknoldms Rstchdr
Lq- A‘qqx R‘k‘‘l+ Hmcdodmcdms @m‘kxrs
G-D- @lqtkk‘g R‘kdg+ Ehqrs Uhbd Oqdrhcdms+ Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Cq- Rhl‘ R‘l‘q+ Enqldq Bg‘hqodqrnm+ @efg‘mhrs‘m
Hmcdodmcdms Gtl‘m Qhfgsr Bnllhrrhnm ‘mc Gtl‘m
Qhfgsr Cdedmcdqr
Lr- G‘aha‘ R‘q‘ah+ Ldladq ne Mdfnsh‘shmf Sd‘l:
Enqldq Lhmhrsdq ne Vnldm&r @‘hqr: Enqldq Lhmhrsdq
ne Dctb‘shnm ‘mc Btkstqd: ‘mc Enqldq Cdotsx Bg‘hq+
Ghfg Od‘bd Bntmbhk+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lr- M‘gddc R‘q‘ah+ Enqldq Cdotsx Lhmhrsdq enq Onkhbx+
Lhmhrsqx ne Ehm‘mbd+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Lq- L‘rnnl Rs‘mdjy‘h+ Gd‘c ne Od‘bd ‘mc Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm
Dnqs+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
Cq- G‘yq‘s Nl‘q Y‘jghkv‘k+ Enqldq Lhmhrsdq ne Ehm‘mbd
‘mc Enqldq @la‘rr‘cnq sn O‘jhrs‘m+ Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m
53 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
HmsdpmWshnmWk Wmc PdfhnmWk NpfWmhyWshnm NzbhWkr
Lq- Ehkhoon Fq‘mch+ Tmhsdc M‘shnmr Ghfg Bnllhrrhnmdq
enq Qdetfddr
Lq- Snah‘r G‘ptd+ Kd‘c Dbnmnlhrs ‘mc Oqnfq‘l Kd‘cdq+
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ Vnqkc A‘mj
Lq- Gdmqx Jdq‘kh+ Bntmsqx Chqdbsnq enq @efg‘mhrs‘m+
Vnqkc A‘mj
Lr- Cdanq‘g Kxnmr+ Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud ne sgd
Rdbqds‘qx,Fdmdq‘k enq @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc Gd‘c ne sgd
Tmhsdc M‘shnmr @rrhrs‘mbd Lhrrhnm hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
Cq- Ingm L‘my‘+ @rrhrs‘ms Rdbqds‘qx Fdmdq‘k enq
Nodq‘shnmr+ M@SN
Enpdhfm Fnudpmldms NzbhWkr
Lq- F‘qdsg A‘xkdx+ Oqhld Lhmhrsdq&r Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud
enq @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m: ‘mc sgd Enqdhfm+
Bnllnmvd‘ksg % Cdudknoldms Nbd Chqdbsnq
enq Rntsg @rh‘ ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m+ Tmhsdc Jhmfcnl
Lq- Odq @kadqs Hkr‘‘r+ Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ Lhmhrsqx ne Enqdhfm @‘hqr+ Mnqv‘x
Cq- Rtaq‘gl‘mx‘l I‘hrg‘mj‘q+ Lhmhrsdq ne Dwsdqm‘k
@‘hqr ne sgd Fnudqmldms ne Hmch‘
@la‘rr‘cnq Y‘lhq J‘atknu+ Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud ne
sgd Oqdrhcdms ne sgd Qtrrh‘m Edcdq‘shnm enq @efg‘mhrs‘m:
Chqdbsnq+ Rdbnmc Cdo‘qsldms ne @rh‘+ Qtrrh‘m Lhmhrsqx
ne Enqdhfm @‘hqr
@la‘rr‘cnq Qnk‘mc Jnah‘+ DT Rodbh‘k Dmunx enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m
@la‘rr‘cnq L‘qjtr Onsydk+ Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m+ Fdql‘mx
@la‘rr‘cnq Hqf‘rgdu Hrl‘stkk‘ Q‘hlnuhbg+ Rodbh‘k
Qdoqdrdms‘shud ne sgd Oqdrhcdms ne sgd Qdotakhb ne
Tyadjhrs‘m enq @efg‘mhrs‘m
@la‘rr‘cnq Lng‘lldc R‘chp+ Rodbh‘k Dmunx sn
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ O‘jhrs‘m
Cq- Lnddc Wtrte+ Rsq‘sdfhb @cuhrnq sn Oqhld Lhmhrsdq
Jg‘m+ O‘jhrs‘m
HmchuhctWkr Wmc Enpldp NzbhWkr
Lq- @mcqdv A‘bduhbg+ Oqdrhcdms+ d Pthmbx Hmrshstsd
enq Qdronmrhakd Rs‘sdbq‘
Oqnedrrnq Rtks‘m A‘q‘j‘s+ Oqnedrrnq+ Cng‘ Hmrshstsd enq
Fq‘ct‘sd Rstchdr: Entmchmf Chqdbsnq+ Bdmsdq enq Bnmhbs
‘mc Gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m Rstchdr: ‘mc Gnmnq‘qx Oqnedrrnq+
Tmhudqrhsx ne Wnqj
@la‘rr‘cnq Ingm Q- A‘rr+ Enqldq @la‘rr‘cnq sn
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ T-R- Cdo‘qsldms ne Rs‘sd
@la‘rr‘cnq Vhkkh‘l I- Atqmr+ Oqdrhcdms+ B‘qmdfhd
Dmcnvldms enq Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Od‘bd
Cq- O‘sqhbh‘ Fnrrl‘m+ @rrnbh‘sd Chqdbsnq+ @rh‘ Chuhrhnm+
Gtl‘m Qhfgsr V‘sbg
Lq- Idqdx Fqhdbn+ Oqdrhcdms ‘mc BDN+ @efg‘m,@ldqhb‘m
Bg‘ladq ne Bnlldqbd
Lq- Snax K‘mydq+ Enqldq Cdotsx Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud
ne sgd Rdbqds‘qx,Fdmdq‘k+ Qdrhcdms ‘mc Gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m
Bnnqchm‘snq+ Tmhsdc M‘shnmr @rrhrs‘mbd Lhrrhnm hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m
@la‘rr‘cnq I‘vdc Ktchm+ Bn,entmcdq ‘mc Oqdrhcdms+
Gd‘qs ne @rh‘ Rnbhdsx
Cq- Bg‘qknssd L‘wvdkk,Inmdr+ Rdmhnq Qdrd‘qbg Edkknv+
Gd‘qs ne @rh‘ Rnbhdsx
@la‘rr‘cnq I‘m‘m Lnr‘y‘h+ Bn,entmcdq ‘mc Uhbd
Oqdrhcdms+ Gd‘qs ne @rh‘ Rnbhdsx
Fdmdq‘k Ingm Mhbgnkrnm+ T-R- @qlx ’Qds-(+
Enqldq T-R- Enqbdr @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc M@SN,kdc
Qdrnktsd Rtoonqs Bnll‘mcdq
@la‘rr‘cnq Ldk‘mmd Udquddq+ Dwdbtshud Chqdbsnq+
Fdnqfdsnvm Hmrshstsd enq Vnldm+ Od‘bd ‘mc Rdbtqhsx
@la‘rr‘cnq @khbd F- Vdkkr+ Enqldq @bshmf @rrhrs‘ms
Rdbqds‘qx enq Rntsg ‘mc Bdmsq‘k @rh‘ Atqd‘t+ T-R-
Cdo‘qsldms ne Rs‘sd
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 54
 ?MMCU 3
Ldsgncnknfx
Hm Edaqt‘qx 1/1/+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne Od‘bd
’TRHO( drs‘akhrgdc ‘ Rdbqds‘qh‘s sd‘l enq sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m
Rstcx Fqnto ‘mc adf‘m bnmrtks‘shnmr nm hcdmshexhmf onsdm,
sh‘k ldladqr ne sgd Fqnto ‘mc ‘ sd‘l ne rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr+ hm
‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg sgd l‘mc‘sd hs qdbdhudc eqnl Bnmfqdrr hm
Cdbdladq 1/08- Hm k‘sd @oqhk+ sgd m‘ldr vdqd qdkd‘rdc- d
bn,bg‘hqr ne sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto vdqd sgd enqldq
rdm‘snq eqnl Mdv G‘lorghqd+ Jdkkx @xnssd: enqldq bg‘hq,
l‘m ne sgd Inhms Bghder ne Rs‘+ Fdmdq‘k Inrdog Ctmenqc:
‘mc sgd ntsfnhmf oqdrhcdms ne TRHO+ M‘mbx Khmcanqf-
d ddm,ldladq Rstcx Fqnto bnmudmdc ‘r ‘ okdm‘qx
enq sgd qrs shld nm @oqhk 13+ 1/1/- @s sg‘s lddshmf+ sgd
ldladqr ‘fqddc tonm ‘ ldsgncnknfx enq oqnctbhmf ‘
enqv‘qc,knnjhmf qdonqs sn Bnmfqdrr sg‘s vntkc ad cdkhu,
dqdc hm d‘qkx 1/10- d ldsgncnknfx vntkc ad a‘rdc nm
hcdmshexhmf bnqd T-R- m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc
‘ rds ne vnqjhmf ‘rrtloshnmr sg‘s cdmdc sgd rhst‘shnm hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd qdfhnm- Ctd sn sgd BNUHC,08 o‘m,
cdlhb+ ‘kk lddshmfr ‘mc bnmrtks‘shnmr vdqd gdkc uhqst‘kkx-
d Rstcx Fqnto hlldch‘sdkx qdbnfmhydc sg‘s hs vntkc
g‘ud sn ‘bbnllnc‘sd sgd tmbdqs‘hmsx ne sgd @efg‘m bnm,
sdws- Vgdm hs bnmudmdc enq hsr qrs lddshmf hm @oqhk+ ‘klnrs
svn lnmsgr g‘c o‘rrdc rhmbd sgd rhfmhmf ne sgd Cng‘
‘fqddldms ‘mc sgd inhms cdbk‘q‘shnm: sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ad,
svddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m b‘kkdc enq
hm sgnrd ‘fqddldmsr g‘c mns adftm ‘mc chc mns ‘ood‘q hl,
lhmdms- dx vdqd gdkc to hm o‘qs ax sgd nmfnhmf chrotsd
nudq sgd 1/08 oqdrhcdmsh‘k dkdbshnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ vghbg
oqdudmsdc ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l eqnl adhmf enqldc-
d Fqnto bnmrhcdqdc rdudq‘k ‘rrtloshnmr sg‘s g‘c fthcdc
T-R- onkhbx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m to sn sg‘s onhms sg‘s vntkc mddc
sn ad qdu‘khc‘sdc- Hs ‘krn oqnuhrhnm‘kkx ‘fqddc tonm ‘ cdmh,
shnm ne T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
55 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
d rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr vdqd chuhcdc hmsn sd‘lr ‘mc s‘rjdc
vhsg cdudknohmf onkhbx qdbnlldmc‘shnmr enq sgd T-R-
fnudqmldms tmcdq rdudq‘k chdqdms ok‘trhakd rbdm‘qhnr-
Hm ‘cchshnm+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto cdrhfm‘sdc ‘ 'Qdc Sd‘l• sn
dwoknqd ‘ rbdm‘qhn ne l‘m‘fdc ats oqnlos T-R- chrdmf‘fd,
ldms fthcdc ax ‘ lhmhl‘khrshb qd‘chmf ne T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m- d Qdc Sd‘l dwdqbhrd bg‘kkdmfdc sgd Rstcx
Fqnto&r ‘rrtloshnmr+ rtffdrsdc ‘ m‘qqnvdq cdmhshnm ne
T-R- hmsdqdrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc knnjdc ‘s sgd hlokhb‘shnmr
ne ‘ vhsgcq‘v‘k ne sqnnor ax L‘x 1/10 ’rdd sgd anw 'd
Qdc Sd‘l&r Onkhbx Qdbnlldmc‘shnm• nm o‘fdr 56“57(-
Tkshl‘sdkx+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto qdidbsdc sghr ‘ooqn‘bg+ ‘rrdrr,
hmf sg‘s hs fdmdq‘sdc tm‘bbdos‘akd qhrjr sn T-R- rdbtqhsx-
d rdbnmc okdm‘qx lddshmf v‘r gdkc L‘x 10- d Fqnto
qduhdvdc ‘mc qdmdc sgd hmsdqdrsr ‘mc entmc‘shnm‘k ‘r,
rtloshnmr ‘mc gd‘qc sgqdd aqhdmfr eqnl rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr
nm sgd m‘stqd ne sgd sgqd‘s eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd naidbshudr
ne sgd S‘kha‘m+ ‘mc qdfhnm‘k rs‘jdgnkcdqr ‘mc cxm‘lhbr-
dqd v‘r hm,cdosg chrbtrrhnm ‘ants vgdsgdq fqntor
sg‘s bntkc onsdmsh‘kkx sgqd‘sdm sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc bntkc
qdbnmrshstsd he sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhsgcqdv ‘mc sgd btqqdms
oqdrrtqd nm sgdl v‘r khdc+ ‘mc vgdsgdq rtbhdms oqdr,
rtqd bntkc ad l‘hms‘hmdc nm sgdrd fqntor sn oqdudms sgdl
eqnl qdbnmrshstshmf he T-R- bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl b‘o‘ahkhshdr
vdqd vhsgcq‘vm eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d Rstcx Fqnto bnmrhcdqdc sgd rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr& dk‘anq‘,
shnm ne sgdrd rbdm‘qhnr hm hsr sghqc okdm‘qx lddshmf nm Itmd
00- @s sghr onhms+ sgd dkdbsnq‘k chrotsd hm J‘atk g‘c addm
qdrnkudc ‘mc ‘ mdfnsh‘shnm sd‘l g‘c addm m‘ldc ax J‘atk+
ats hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr g‘c rshkk mns adftm- A‘rdc
nm sghr mdv rhst‘shnm+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto cdbhcdc sn qdmd
hsr ‘ooqn‘bg hm nqcdq sn cdmd lnqd rodbhb onkhbx qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr- d rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr vdqd ‘rjdc sn bnmrhcdq
entq fdmdq‘k onkhbx chqdbshnmr+ nq 'onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr+• sg‘s
sgd mdws ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm lhfgs enkknv+ ‘mc cdmd rodbhb
qdbnlldmc‘shnmr ‘bqnrr khmdr ne dnqs sn adrs ‘bghdud T-R-
hmsdqdrsr- drd onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr+ vdqd ’0( bnmshmtd sgd
btqqdms ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm&r onkhbx ne rddjhmf ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskd,
ldms vhsghm sgd eq‘ldvnqj ne sgd Edaqt‘qx T-R-,S‘kha‘m
‘fqddldms: ’1( qdmdv rtoonqs sn sgd btqqdms bnmrshstshnm‘k
nqcdq+ dudm he sg‘s qhrjdc aqd‘jhmf sgd dwhrshmf ‘fqddldms:
’2( bnmshmtd sn chrdmf‘fd eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsg sgd
tmcdqrs‘mchmf sg‘s chrdmf‘fdldms vntkc khjdkx ‘kknv ‘m
‘rbdmc‘ms S‘kha‘m sn fq‘ct‘kkx s‘jd nudq sgd bntmsqx+ ats
rddj v‘xr ne rg‘ohmf sg‘s ‘rbdmc‘mbd: ‘mc ’3( vhsgcq‘v
‘kk sqnnor ‘mc lnrs lhkhs‘qx ‘rrhrs‘mbd ‘mc dmbntq‘fd sgd
qdfhnm‘k onvdqr sn dmrtqd rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d ‘bshnmr sg‘s vntkc g‘ud sn ad s‘jdm ‘knmf d‘bg o‘sgv‘x+
snfdsgdq vhsg ‘m ‘rrdrrldms ne sgdhq qhrjr+ bnrsr+ khjdkhgnnc
ne rtbbdrr+ ‘mc dwodbsdc dmc rs‘sd+ vdqd oqdrdmsdc sn sgd
Rstcx Fqnto ‘s sgd entqsg okdm‘qx+ vghbg dmbnlo‘rrdc svn
lddshmfr+ nmd nm Itkx 11 ‘mc sgd nsgdq nm Itkx 2/- d Rstcx
Fqnto ‘krn cdbhcdc sg‘s vg‘sdudq rds ne onkhbx qdbnlldm,
c‘shnmr v‘r oqnonrdc+ hs vntkc mddc sn ad tmcdqfhqcdc
ax ‘ lnqd qnatrs qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx- Fhudm sg‘s
‘klnrs ‘mx khjdkx rbdm‘qhn vntkc hmunkud rnld qdctbshnm hm
sgd kdudkr ne T-R- rtoonqs+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q hm sqnno mtladqr+ ‘
fqd‘sdq dnqs vntkc mddc sn ad l‘cd ax mdhfganqr ‘mc md‘q
mdhfganqr sn dmrtqd rs‘ahkhsx-
Mn okdm‘qx lddshmf v‘r gdkc hm @tftrs- Ctqhmf sg‘s lnmsg+
sgd ldladqr ‘mc rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr bnkkdbshudkx tmcdqsnnj ‘
rdqhdr ne bnmrtks‘shnmr vhsg ‘ vhcd mtladq ne rs‘jdgnkcdqr+
rnld @ldqhb‘m+ rnld @efg‘m+ ‘mc rnld eqnl nsgdq bntm,
sqhdr ’rdd ‘mmdw 2 enq ‘ khrs ne bnmrtks‘shnmr(- Hm khfgs ne sgd
e‘bs sg‘s mns ‘kk ldladqr vdqd ‘akd sn o‘qshbho‘sd hm ‘kk sgd
bnmrtks‘shnmr+ ‘ bnllnm rds ne ptdrshnmr v‘r enqltk‘sdc
sn ‘kknv enq sgd bnmudqr‘shnmr sn ad bnlo‘qdc vhsg nmd
‘mnsgdq- @s kd‘rs nmd bn,bg‘hq ‘ssdmcdc d‘bg bnmrtks‘shnm-
d bn,bg‘hqr ‘krn rntfgs nbh‘k aqhdmfr eqnl sgd T-R-
fnudqmldms nm jdx hrrtdr+ rtbg ‘r sgd m‘stqd ne sgd sdqqnq,
hrs sgqd‘s eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m- drd ‘mbgnqdc rnld ne sgd
jdx entmc‘shnm‘k ‘rrtloshnmr dudmst‘kkx ‘cnosdc ax sgd
fqnto hm l‘jhmf hsr qdbnlldmc‘shnmr ‘mc bnlokdldmsdc
entmc‘shnm‘k o‘odqr nm sgdl‘shb hrrtdr oqdo‘qdc ax rnld
rdmhnq ‘cuhrdqr ‘s sgd qdptdrs ne sgd bn,bg‘hqr-
d g okdm‘qx lddshmf v‘r gdkc nm Rdosdladq 04- d
Rstcx Fqnto qdbdhudc ‘ aqhdmf eqnl ‘ rdmhnq Cdo‘qsldms
ne Cdedmrd nbh‘k- d Fqnto sgdm qduhdvdc sgd k‘sdrs
udqrhnm ne sgd entmc‘shnm‘k ‘rrtloshnmr+ hmbnqonq‘shmf
bg‘mfdr eqnl sgd oqduhntr lddshmf+ ‘mc chrbtrrdc ‘mc
u‘khc‘sdc sgd onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr- Qdf‘qchmf sgd k‘ssdq+ sgd bn,
bg‘hqr g‘c rds sgd naidbshud ne nas‘hmhmf bnmrdmrtr eqnl sgd
Fqnto sg‘s sgd entq onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr qdoqdrdmsdc sgd lnrs
khjdkx ‘mc bnloqdgdmrhud q‘mfd ne noshnmr ‘u‘hk‘akd sn ‘
mdv ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10- @dq l‘jhmf rnld
rtars‘mshud bg‘mfdr+ sgd Fqnto ‘fqddc sn sgd entq onkhbx
o‘sgv‘xr ‘r sgd ‘ooqnoqh‘sd eq‘ldvnqj enq hsr m‘k qdbnl,
ldmc‘shnmr- d fqnto ‘krn qd‘bgdc ‘ bnmrdmrtr nm rdudq‘k
‘cchshnm‘k entmc‘shnm‘k onhmsr-

Sgd Pdc SdYl r Onihbx PdbnlldmcYshnm

”d .efgTmhrsTm Rstcx Apnto bnllhrrhnmdc T yGdc SdTl“ ne rdmhnp Tcuhrdpr
sn dvTlhmd aTrhb Trrtloshnmr Tmc bnmrhcdp TisdpmTshud onihbx pdbnlldmcTshnmr

Sgd Qdc Sd_l s_jdr _ ghfgkx oqhnqhshydc uhdv ne T-R- hmsdqdrsr) enbtrhmf nm lhmhlhyhmf sgd sgqd_s ne sdqqnqhrl eqnl
;efg_mhrs_m vghkd _bbdoshmf _r _ gtl_mhs_qh_m nakhf_shnm sgd mddc sn _unhc oqnknmfhmf _m _kqd_cx enqsx,xd_q,nkc
;efg_m bhuhk v_q- Sgd Qdc Sd_l chudqfdr eqnl sgd Rstcx Fqnto%r _rrtloshnm sg_s sgd mddc sn oqdrdqud T-R- bqdc,
hahkhsx chbs_sdr tognkchmf sgd rs_str ptn hm ;efg_mhrs_m- Sn sgd bnmsq_qx) sgd Qdc Sd_l adkhdudr sg_s ax qdhmenqbhmf
_m tmrtbbdrretk bntmsdqhmrtqfdmbx hm k_mcknbjdc ;rh_”cdrohsd g_uhmf sn bnmsdmc vhsg _ mdv rds ne fkna_k _mc
qdfhnm_k bg_kkdmfdr”sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr _kknvr hsr bqdchahkhsx _mc rnld ne hsr b_o_bhsx sn fq_ct_kkx akddc _v_x-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 56

 SGC PCA SC LYR ONEHBU PCBNLLCIA SHNI [BNISHITCA]

Sgd Qdc Sd_l _bbdosr sg_s sgd S_kha_m _qd _rbdmc_ms hm ;efg_mhrs_m _mc sg_s sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr hr hmb_o_,
akd ne qdudqrhmf sghr cxm_lhb _s _mx _bbdos_akd kdudk ne qdrntqbhmf _mc uhnkdmbd- Sgd S_kha_m lnudldms
l_x mns xds ad b_o_akd ne rdbtqhmf _ cdbhrhud lhkhs_qx uhbsnqx) ats hs hr gdkc a_bj eqnl cq_l_shb_kkx hmsdmrh,
exhmf sgd bhuhk v_q nmkx ax T-R- enqbd) oqhmbho_kkx _hqonvdq _mc Rodbh_k Nodq_shnmr Enqbdr- ;ksgntfg sgd T-R-
lhkhs_qx oqdrdmbd rknvr sgd q_sd ne S_kha_m _rbdmc_mbd) hs b_mmns qdudqrd hs- Oqnknmfhmf sgd T-R- lhkhs_qx
cdoknxldms ltbg adxnmc L_x 1/10 vhkk mns rhfmh“b_mskx lncdq_sd sgd S_kha_m%r cdl_mcr) ats hs vhkk qhrj
hmsdmrhexhmf sgd “fgshmf _mc oqdbhohs_shmf sgd dmc ne mdfnsh_shnmr-

Sgd Qdc Sd_l _krn _rrdrrdr sg_s odqodst_shnm ne sgd rs_str ptn _qsh“bh_kkx gdhfgsdmr sgd ;efg_m fnudqm,
ldms%r dwodbs_shnmr _mc onrhshnmr hm mdfnsh_shnmr- Sgdqdenqd) sgd Qdc Sd_l qdbnlldmcr _cnoshmf _ lnqd
mdtsq_k rs_mbd snv_qc _kk ;efg_m o_qshdr ’oqhmbho_kkx) sgd fnudqmldms _mc sgd S_kha_m( sn e_bhkhs_sd _ onkhshb_k
rdsskdldms sg_s qdbnfmhydr S_kha_m _rbdmc_mbd vghkd trhmf qdl_hmhmf T-R- kdudq_fd sn oqdrr sgd S_kha_m sn
l_hms_hm bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl bnllhsldmsr _mc lncdq_sd sgdhq cdl_mcr-

; oqhmbho_k onhms ne kdudq_fd hr sg_s qdfhnm_k bntmsqhdr cdrhqd _m ;efg_mhrs_m sg_s hr mn knmfdq _ b_tkcqnm ne
hmrdbtqhsx- Lnrs _qd vhkkhmf sn _bbdos S_kha_m _rbdmc_mbd) ats cn mns v_ms _ qdbqtcdrbdmbd ne sgd |Hrk_lhb
Dlhq_sd-• Lnrs _krn cdrhqd _ T-R- lhkhs_qx vhsgcq_v_k oqnuhcdc hs hr mns bnmctbsdc hm rtbg g_rsd _r sn fdmdq,
_sd bg_nr- B_ohs_khyhmf nm sghr v_q,vd_qhmdrr) sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr b_m lntms _ choknl_shb rsq_sdfx sn hmfit,
dmbd sgd S_kha_m sn rddj hmbktrhud _bbnllnc_shnm ne sgdhq onkhshb_k qhu_kr-

;mnsgdq) lnqd khlhsdc onhms ne kdudq_fd hr sgd S_kha_m%r cdrhqd enq hmsdqm_shnm_k _rrhrs_mbd _mc sgdhq _oo_q,
dmskx fdmthmd hmsdqdrs hm hmsdqm_shnm_k kdfhshl_bx- ;ksgntfg sgd lnudldms hr tmkhjdkx sn bnloqnlhrd nm bnqd
onrhshnmr) cnmnqr rgntkc bnmchshnm _mx etstqd _hc nm qdrodbs enq gtl_m qhfgsr-

Sgd Qdc Sd_l adkhdudr sg_s _ onkhbx sg_s _bbdosr _mc vnqjr vhsg S_kha_m _rbdmc_mbd fhudr sgd S_kha_m
sgd fqd_sdrs hmbdmshud sn bnmsqnk _k,P_dc_ _mc gnmnq sgdhq Cng_ bnllhsldmsr- Sgd Qdc Sd_l dwodbsr
sgd S_kha_m sn bnmshmtd sn “fgs HRJO) vghbg sgdx qdf_qc _r _ qhu_k- Sgd Qdc Sd_l cndr mns adkhdud sg_s _m
_rbdmc_ms S_kha_m vntkc _bbdos _ qdrhct_k T-R- lhkhs_qx oqdrdmbd- He sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr v_msr sn bnmshmtd sn
g_ud _ bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ok_senql hm sgd qdfhnm) hs vhkk mddc sn “mc nmd dkrdvgdqd) _r vdkk _r l_hms_hmhmf _m
nudq,sgd,gnqhynm _ahkhsx sn rsqhjd s_qfdsr hm ;efg_mhrs_m-

Sgd Qdc Sd_l _rrdrrdr sg_s sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr vhkk g_ud fqd_sdq hmfitdmbd nm sgd ;efg_m od_bd oqnbdrr
_mc sgd onkhbhdr ne sgd mdv ;efg_m fnudqmldms he hs vnqjr rnnmdq q_sgdq sg_m k_sdq sn lncdq_sd S_kha_m
adg_uhnq) oqhmbho_kkx ax l_jhmf bkd_q sg_s he onrs,bnmfihbs ;efg_mhrs_m hr sn g_ud _mx cdfqdd ne hmsdqm_shnm_k
_bbdos_mbd) hs ltrs _bbnllnc_sd hsr onkhshb_k noonmdmsr: rgnv rnld qdrodbs enq gtl_m qhfgsr) hmbktchmf
sgd qhfgsr ne vnldm: _mc tognkc hsr bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl bnllhsldmsr- Sghr _ooqn_bg vntkc _kknv sgd Tmhsdc
Rs_sdr sn _ccqdrr hsr rdbtqhsx bnmbdqmr _s _ fqd_skx qdctbdc bnrs- Lnqdnudq) sghr qda_k_mbhmf vntkc _kknv
sgd Tmhsdc Rs_sdr sn enbtr hsr lhkhs_qx qdrntqbdr nm lnqd oqdrrhmf hmsdqm_shnm_k bg_kkdmfdr-

57 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

d rhwsg okdm‘qx v‘r gdkc Nbsnadq 04- d oqduhntr vddj+
nm Nbsnadq 6+ Oqdrhcdms Sqtlo g‘c svddsdc sg‘s sgd qdl‘hm,
hmf T-R- sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vntkc ad vhsgcq‘vm adenqd
Bgqhrsl‘r- Vghkd sgd svdds chc mns bnmrshstsd ‘m nqcdq ‘mc
v‘r rtardptdmskx lnctk‘sdc nq bnmsq‘chbsdc ax rdmhnq ‘clhm,
hrsq‘shnm nbh‘kr+ sgd bn,bg‘hqr s‘rjdc sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx
Fqnto Rdbqds‘qh‘s vhsg enqltk‘shmf ‘ g onkhbx o‘sgv‘x+
nmd hm vghbg sgd mdws ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm vntkc s‘jd nbd vhsg
mn @ldqhb‘m sqnnor hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- d Fqnto chrbtrrdc ‘kk
ud o‘sgv‘xr ‘mc gnv sgdx vdqd hmsdqqdk‘sdc+ ‘fqddhmf sg‘s hs
vntkc rddj sn oqnuhcd ‘ qdonqs sg‘s oqdrdmsdc ‘m nudq‘qbghmf
rsq‘sdfx q‘sgdq sg‘m ldqdkx ‘ rds ne qdbnlldmc‘shnmr- d
Fqnto ‘krn qd‘bgdc bnmrdmrtr sg‘s sgd rsq‘sdfx vntkc ad
a‘rdc nm sgd onkhbx o‘sgv‘x sg‘s dmuhr‘fdr sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
rddjhmf ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms vhsghm sgd eq‘ldvnqj ne sgd
Cng‘ ‘fqddldms+ ‘rrtlhmf sg‘s+ ax sgd shld sgd qdonqs v‘r
m‘khydc+ sgdqd v‘r rshkk ‘m nmfnhmf od‘bd oqnbdrr-
d rdudmsg okdm‘qx v‘r gdkc nm Mnudladq 05- d T-R-
oqdrhcdmsh‘k dkdbshnm g‘c addm gdkc nm Mnudladq 2+ ‘mc ax
sgd shld ne sgd okdm‘qx+ Ind Ahcdm g‘c ‘ bkd‘q kd‘c hm sgd dkdb,
snq‘k bnkkdfd- d Rstcx Fqnto g‘c lds vhsg Oqdrhcdms Fg‘mh
svn c‘xr d‘qkhdq- Hm sg‘s lddshmf+ Fg‘mh l‘cd bkd‘q sg‘s sgdqd
v‘r ‘ gtmfdq enq od‘bd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd fnudqmldms
g‘c ‘ mdfnsh‘shmf rsq‘sdfx- Gd rsqdrrdc+ gnvdudq+ sg‘s ‘r
knmf ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m adkhdudc sg‘s T-R- sqnnor vntkc kd‘ud
vhsgnts bnmchshnmr+ sgd S‘kha‘m vntkc qdl‘hm hmdwhakd ‘s
sgd mdfnsh‘shmf s‘akd- d oqduhntr vddj+ odqrnmmdk bg‘mfdr
‘s sgd Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd+ hmbktchmf sgd qdrhfm‘shnm
ne Rdbqds‘qx Drodq+ rtffdrsdc sg‘s oqdo‘q‘shnmr vdqd adhmf
l‘cd sn hlldch‘sdkx vhsgcq‘v ‘kk sqnnor eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m+
vghbg vntkc mns nmkx tmcdqlhmd sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr
ats ‘krn kd‘ud sgd mdws T-R- ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm vhsg edv noshnmr-
@s sgd okdm‘qx+ sgd Fqnto qdbdhudc ‘ bnloqdgdmrhud aqhdmf
eqnl ‘ ldladq ne sgd Rodbh‘k Qdoqdrdms‘shud enq @efg‘mhrs‘m
Qdbnmbhkh‘shnm&r sd‘l nm sgd rs‘str ne sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr-
d bn,bg‘hqr oqnonrdc sg‘s sgd Fqnto bnmrhcdq l‘jhmf
otakhb hsr bnmbdqmr sg‘s ‘ vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R- sqnnor ax
Cdbdladq vntkc qdlnud ‘kk kdudq‘fd ‘f‘hmrs sgd S‘kha‘m
‘mc rhfmhb‘mskx qdctbd sgd onrrhahkhshdr ne ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc
rnktshnm sn sgd bnmhbs- d Fqnto ‘fqddc sg‘s sgd bn,
bg‘hqr rgntkc otakhrg ‘m no,dc l‘jhmf sg‘s ‘qftldms ‘mc
sg‘s sgd Fqnto ‘r ‘ vgnkd rgntkc qdkd‘rd hsr oqdkhlhm‘qx
mchmfr ‘r rnnm ‘r onrrhakd hm sgd enql ne ‘ cq‘ hmsdqhl
‘rrdrrldms- d Fqnto ‘krn ‘fqddc sg‘s hsr hmsdqhl ‘mc
m‘k qdonqsr rgntkc enbtr kdrr nm k‘xhmf nts sgd ‘ksdqm‘shud
o‘sgv‘xr sg‘s g‘c addm chrbtrrdc ‘mc lnqd nm oqdrdmshmf
‘ rs‘mc,‘knmd rdqhdr ne qdbnlldmc‘shnmr sg‘s bdmsdqdc nm
bqd‘shmf bnmchshnmr tmcdq vghbg sgd mdfnsh‘shnm adsvddm
sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m bntkc qdrtks hm ‘m
dmc rs‘sd sg‘s rdbtqdc bnqd T-R- hmsdqdrsr- d Fqnto mddc,
dc sn qdeq‘ld sgd bdmsq‘k hrrtd rn sg‘s hs v‘r mns ‘ l‘ssdq ne
vgdsgdq sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc nq rgntkc mns vhsgcq‘v
hsr sqnnor+ ats ne gnv sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rgntkc trd hsr
kdudq‘fd+ vghbg hmbktcdr sgd sqnno oqdrdmbd+ sn hmbqd‘rd sgd
bg‘mbdr ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms-
Nm Cdbdladq 3+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto oqnuhcdc hsr cq‘
Oqdkhlhm‘qx Ehmchmfr cnbtldms sn jdx nbdr+ hmbktchmf
‘s sgd Rs‘sd Cdo‘qsldms+ sgd Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd+ sgd
M‘shnm‘k Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk+ Bnmfqdrr+ ‘mc Oqdrhcdms,Dkdbs
Ahcdm&r m‘shnm‘k rdbtqhsx sq‘mrhshnm sd‘l-
Nm Cdbdladq 06+ sgd Rstcx Fqnto gdkc hsr dhfgsg ‘mc m‘k
okdm‘qx lddshmf- d l‘hm otqonrd v‘r sn qduhdv sgd hmh,
sh‘k cq‘ ne sghr qdonqs ‘mc ‘ccqdrr rdudq‘k qdl‘hmhmf hrrtdr
vgdqd bnmrdmrtr v‘r k‘bjhmf- d bn,bg‘hqr ‘krn aqhdedc sgd
ldladqr nm sgd m‘k rs‘jdgnkcdq bnmrtks‘shnmr sg‘s g‘c
s‘jdm ok‘bd- d chrbtrrhnm q‘hrdc ‘ mtladq ne hrrtdr sg‘s
mddcdc sn ad ‘ccdc sn nq ‘ldmcdc hm sgd m‘k qdonqs+ ats
sgdqd v‘r ‘ bnmrdmrtr sg‘s sgd cq‘ qddbsdc sgd cdkhadq‘,
shnmr ‘mc bnmbktrhnmr ne sgd fqnto-
d Rdbqds‘qh‘s rodms sgd dmc ne Cdbdladq ‘mc d‘qkx I‘mt‘qx
m‘khyhmf sgd cq‘+ dmrtqhmf m‘k rhfm,n ax ‘kk ldladqr+
‘mc vnqjdc vhsg TRHO&r otakhb‘shnmr sd‘l sn ots hs hmsn hsr
m‘k enql‘ssdc enql- Oqhnq sn hsr otakhb‘shnm+ sgd Fqnto
oqnuhcdc shldkx ‘m‘kxrhr sn onkhbxl‘jdqr ‘mc sgdhq sd‘lr hm
ansg sgd kdfhrk‘shud ‘mc dwdbtshud aq‘mbgdr- d Rdbqds‘qh‘s
‘krn dk‘anq‘sdc ‘ qnkk,nts ok‘m vhsg TRHO&r otakhb ‘‘hqr ‘mc
bnlltmhb‘shnmr ‘mc bnmfqdrrhnm‘k qdk‘shnmr sd‘lr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 58
 ?MMCU 4
Onkhbx OWsgvWxr
hr ‘mmdw oqdrdmsr sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m Rstcx Fqnto&r qdb,
nlldmcdc o‘sgv‘x ’rtll‘qhydc ‘anud nm o‘fdr 36“44
‘mc gdqd qdedqqdc sn ‘r 'Onkhbx O‘sgv‘x 0•( ‘mc sgd sgqdd
‘ksdqm‘shud o‘sgv‘xr ’oqdrdmsdc ‘anud nm o‘fdr 45“47(-
Onkhbx OWsgvWx 0- LWwhlhyd Dwhrshmf T-R- KdudpWfd sn
:bghdud Wm :bbdosWakd MdfnshWsdc OdWbd :fpddldms
d ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm sg‘s s‘jdr nbd hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10 cd,
bhcdr sn bnmshmtd sgd btqqdms onkhbx ne rddjhmf ‘ onkhshb‘k
‘qq‘mfdldms adsvddm sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘mc sgd
S‘kha‘m ‘bbnqchmf sn sgd sdqlr ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms vhsg
sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc sgd inhms cdbk‘q‘shnm vhsg sgd @efg‘m fnu,
dqmldms- Hs l‘jdr bkd‘q sg‘s+ ‘bbnqchmf sn hsr tmcdqrs‘mchmf
ne sgdrd ‘fqddldmsr+ T-R- sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘kr vhkk ad shdc sn
rodbhb oqnfqdrr hm sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr ’h-d-+
sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘kr vhkk ad 'bnmchshnmr,a‘rdc•( ‘r vdkk ‘r
sn sgd S‘kha‘m&r etkkkldms ne sgdhq bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl bnl,
lhsldmsr- Hs ‘cnosr ‘ rs‘mbd hm sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr sg‘s
rddjr sn dmrtqd sgd oqdrdqu‘shnm ne f‘hmr l‘cd vhsg qdrodbs
sn qhfgsr ‘mc u‘ktdr hm ‘mx mdv onkhshb‘k ‘qq‘mfdldms- Hs
trdr choknl‘shb kdudq‘fd sn bqd‘sd ‘ qdfhnm‘k ‘mc hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k eq‘ldvnqj sn rtoonqs sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr ‘mc
sgd rtrs‘hm‘ahkhsx ne ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms+ he nmd hr qd‘bgdc-
Dmc Rs]sd
@m hmcdodmcdms+ cdlnbq‘shb+ ‘mc rnudqdhfm @efg‘m
rs‘sd vhsg sgd fnudqm‘mbd+ rs‘ahkhsx+ ‘mc rdbtqhsx enqbdr sn
oqdudms ‘k,P‘dc‘+ HRJO+ ‘mc nsgdq sdqqnqhrs fqntor eqnl
‘ss‘bjhmf sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc sn bnms‘hm
nsgdq onsdmsh‘k bg‘kkdmfdr sn T-R- ‘mc ‘kkhdc rdbtqhsx ‘mc
hmsdqdrsr+ hmbktchmf sgnrd ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg hkkhbhs m‘qbnshbr
‘mc l‘rr lhfq‘shnm- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd sg‘s dwdqbhrdr rnudq,
dhfmsx nudq hsr anqcdqr ‘mc hmsdqm‘k ‘‘hqr ‘mc fnudqmr hm
sdqlr sg‘s qddbs sgd onotk‘q vhkk ‘mc rdke,cdsdqlhm‘shnm
ne sgd @efg‘m bhshydmqx vghkd l‘m‘fhmf bnmhbs od‘bdetkkx
sgqntfg ‘bbntms‘akd bhuhkh‘m hmrshstshnmr- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd
sg‘s rtoonqsr ‘mc oqnsdbsr lhmnqhshdr+ vnldm&r qhfgsr+
sgd cdlnbq‘shb bg‘q‘bsdq ne sgd rs‘sd+ ‘mc ‘ eqdd oqdrr ats
6, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
sg‘s bntkc hmbktcd S‘kha‘m ftqdr- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd sg‘s hr
oqnfqdrrhudkx kdrr qdkh‘ms nm hmsdqm‘shnm‘k ‘rrhrs‘mbd ‘mc hr
mdhsgdq ‘ rntqbd ne qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx mnq ‘ knbtr ne oqnwx
qdfhnm‘k bnlodshshnm- @ bntmsqx vgdqd sgd bhshydmr ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ vgn g‘ud rtdqdc rn ltbg ctqhmf enqsx xd‘qr
ne v‘q+ g‘ud sgd oqnrodbs ne xd‘q,nm,xd‘q hloqnudldmsr hm
sgdhq oqnrodqhsx+ rdbtqhsx+ ‘mc vdkk,adhmf-
L]hm 9bshnmr
– L‘hms‘hm rtoonqs enq bnqd dwhrshmf @efg‘m rs‘sd hmrsh,
stshnmr hm nqcdq sn oqdudms rs‘sd bnkk‘ord- hr vntkc
hmbktcd oqnuhchmf nmfnhmf rtoonqs enq sgd @MCRE ‘mc
jdx lhmhrsqhdr+ ‘r vdkk ‘r etmchmf enq a‘rhb rdquhbdr-
– Bnmshmtd sn rtoonqs fnudqm‘mbd qdenqlr ‘mc gtl‘m,
hs‘qh‘m ‘mc cdudknoldms oqnidbsr sg‘s bntkc annrs sgd
kdfhshl‘bx ne sgd rs‘sd- Bnmrhcdq hmbqd‘rdr nq ‘citrs,
ldmsr hm sgd lhw ne m‘mbh‘k rtoonqs ‘r qdpthqdc sn
rtoonqs sgd rs‘sd ‘mc oqnlnsd ‘ rtbbdrretk mdfnsh‘shnm
ntsbnld-
– Gnkc sgd S‘kha‘m rsqhbskx ‘bbntms‘akd sn sgdhq bntm,
sdqsdqqnqhrl ‘mc nsgdq bnllhsldmsr hm sgd Cng‘
‘fqddldms-
– Vnqj uh‘ sgd @efg‘m Od‘bd Mdfnsh‘shnmr sn rtrs‘hm ‘
rtbhdms T-R- bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl oqdrdmbd enkknvhmf sgd
qd‘bghmf ne ‘m ‘fqddldms-
– Rtoonqs sgd @efg‘m fnudqmldms ctqhmf sgd mdfnsh‘,
shnmr hm hsr cdedmrd ne bnllnm u‘ktdr+ vghkd oqnuhchmf
hmbdmshudr ‘mc ft‘q‘msddr sg‘s vhkk bqd‘sd sgd bnmchshnmr
enq sgd fnudqmldms sn l‘jd mddcdc bnloqnlhrdr-
– Oqdrrtqd O‘jhrs‘m ‘mc nsgdq qdfhnm‘k ‘bsnqr sg‘s g‘ud
hmtdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sn rtoonqs sgd oqnbdrr ‘mc
dmbntq‘fd sgd S‘kha‘m sn l‘jd bnloqnlhrdr-
– Trd choknl‘shb snnkr sn dmbntq‘fd mdhfganqr+ qdfhnm‘k
onvdqr+ ‘mc nsgdq rs‘jdgnkcdqr sn rtoonqs sgd oqnbdrr
‘mc ‘unhc ronhkhmf adg‘uhnq- Cdudkno ‘ qdfhnm‘k chokn,
l‘shb rsq‘sdfx sn ‘bghdud sgdrd fn‘kr-
– Dwdqbhrd rsq‘sdfhb o‘shdmbd vghkd sgd mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘qd
s‘jhmf ok‘bd- Cdudkno bkd‘q+ bnmrhrsdms+ ‘mc rsq‘sdfhb
ldrr‘fhmf sn dmbntq‘fd ‘kk rs‘jdgnkcdqr sn qd‘bg ‘m
‘fqddldms sg‘s adrs lddsr T-R- hmsdqdrsr-
Admdèsr
– d o‘qshdr sn sgd @efg‘m bnmhbs ‘bghdud ‘ vnqj‘akd
onkhshb‘k bnmrdmrtr sg‘s ‘kknvr rs‘ahkhsx hm sdqlr sg‘s
oqnsdbs T-R- hmsdqdrsr ‘mc ‘ql T-R- u‘ktdr-
– d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr ‘akd sn qdctbd hsr m‘mbh‘k bnl,
lhsldmsr sn sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd ‘mc vhsgcq‘v lnrs ne hsr
sqnnor+ qdctbhmf sgd nudq‘kk bnrs ne @efg‘mhrs‘m sn sgd
Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr-
– Onrrhahkhshdr ‘qhrd enq @efg‘mhrs‘m sn dmbntq‘fd
hmudrsldms ‘mc lnud snv‘qc fqd‘sdq knmf,sdql
rdke,rtbhdmbx-
– d oqnrodbs ne @efg‘mhrs‘m&r etqsgdq qdfhnm‘k hmsdfq‘,
shnm hloqnudr-
– d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr b‘m l‘hms‘hm ‘ bknrd qdk‘shnmrgho
vhsg @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘r ‘ eqhdmckx Hrk‘lhb m‘shnm-
Qhrjr
– d svn rhcdr ‘qd tm‘akd sn qd‘bg ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd ‘fqdd,
ldms ‘mc sgd S‘kha‘m qdmdv sgd bnmhbs- @ qdstqm sn
bnmhbs hm sgd vqdbj‘fd ne sgd onkhshb‘k oqnbdrr vntkc
kd‘ud sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hm ‘ chbtks onrhshnm9 v‘mshmf
sn vhsgcq‘v: xnjdc sn ‘ chrtmhsdc fnudqmldms: ‘mc
e‘bhmf+ vhsg e‘q edvdq qdrntqbdr nm sgd fqntmc sg‘m
adenqd+ ‘m dlankcdmdc hmrtqfdmbx-
– @m ‘fqddldms hr qd‘bgdc nm onkhshb‘k hrrtdr+ ats sgd
S‘kha‘m cdlnmrsq‘sd sg‘s sgdx ‘qd tmvhkkhmf nq tm‘akd
sn ldds sgdhq bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl bnllhsldmsr- Rgntkc
sghr nbbtq ‘dq sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ddbsr hsr vhsgcq‘v‘k+
sgdqd hr ‘ rhfmhb‘ms qhrj ne sdqqnqhrs fqntor qdbnmrshsts,
hmf ‘mc onrrhakx sgqd‘sdmhmf sgd @ldqhb‘m gnldk‘mc-
– @ od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr qd‘bgdc+ kd‘chmf sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr sn vhsgcq‘v hsr qdl‘hmhmf sqnnor hm ‘bbnqc‘mbd
vhsg hsr bnllhsldmsr+ ats sgdm sgd ‘fqddldms bnk,
k‘ordr ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m qdstqmr sn ‘ rs‘sd ne bhuhk v‘q+
sgdqdax oqdrdmshmf mns nmkx sgd qhrj ne sdqqnqhrs fqntor
qdbnmrshstshmf ats ‘krn sgd qhrj ne qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx-
– Gtl‘m b‘ohs‘k ddr hm sgd e‘bd ne e‘hktqd sn qd‘bg ‘m
‘fqddldms nq ne sgd bnkk‘ord ne ‘m ‘fqddldms-
– Qdetfdd ‘mc lhfq‘shnm nvr hmbqd‘rd hm sgd e‘bd ne
e‘hktqd sn qd‘bg ‘m ‘fqddldms nq ne sgd bnkk‘ord ne ‘m
‘fqddldms-
Qdrntpbdr
– Etmchmf vntkc mddc sn ad ‘s md‘q,sn,btqqdms kdudkr+
ats qdnqhdmsdc sn hmbqd‘rd rs‘sd ddbshudmdrr ‘mc ‘hc
dbhdmbx- Nsgdq cnmnqr etmchmf sgd bhuhkh‘m o‘qs ne
fnudqmldms vntkc mddc sn ad dmbntq‘fdc sn dwsdmc
sgdhq bnllhsldmsr sn @efg‘mhrs‘m-
– d btqqdms kdudk ne sqnnor vntkc mddc sn ad l‘hm,
s‘hmdc hm sgd rgnqs sn ldchtl sdql- d oqnrodbs ne
‘ etkk vhsgcq‘v‘k vntkc ad rtaidbs sn ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd
od‘bd ‘fqddldms adhmf qd‘bgdc ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m
cdlnmrsq‘shmf ddbshud bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl b‘o‘bhsx-
– @cchshnm‘k nq ‘ chdqdms lhw ne qdrntqbdr lhfgs ad
qdpthqdc sn oqnuhcd ‘ od‘bd chuhcdmc nq rtoonqs sgd
hlokdldms‘shnm ne ‘m ‘fqddldms+ hmbktchmf etmchmf
enq ‘ onrs,‘fqddldms fnudqmldms-
Opna]ahkhsx ne Rtbbdrr
– Ldchtl oqna‘ahkhsx ne ‘bghduhmf ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd od‘bd
oqnbdrr hm sgd ldchtl sdql-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 60
 – Ldchtl,sn,ghfg oqna‘ahkhsx sg‘s sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqn,
bdrr vhkk bnmshmtd enq rnld shld hm ‘ l‘mmdq sg‘s ‘kknvr
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr sn ‘rrdrr hsr khjdkhgnnc ne rtbbdrr ‘mc
‘citrs hsr onkhbx ‘bbnqchmfkx- Tmcdq sgdrd bnmchshnmr+
rnld u‘qh‘shnm ne onkhbx o‘sgv‘xr 1 ‘mc 2 ’rdd adknv(
vntkc rshkk ad ‘u‘hk‘akd-
– Ldchtl oqna‘ahkhsx sg‘s sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk aqd‘j mdfn,
sh‘shnmr he T-R- sqnnor ‘qd mns vhsgcq‘vm nm nq ‘qntmc
L‘x 1/10-
Onkhbx OWsgvWx 1- : PdbnllhssWk sn sgd RsWsd9
Opdrdpud) Hlopnud) Wmc Pdbnllhs sn sgd Dwhrshmf
AnmrshstshnmWk Npcdp
d ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm sg‘s s‘jdr nbd hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10 cdbhcdr
sg‘s hs b‘mmns ldds hsr bnqd hmsdqdrsr sgqntfg sgd btqqdms
onkhshb‘k oqnbdrr a‘rdc nm sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms ’nq hs bnm,
bktcdr sg‘s oqnrodbsr enq ‘ rtbbdrretk mdfnsh‘shnm g‘ud addm
fqd‘skx qdctbdc(- Hs cdbhcdr sn qdbnllhs sn rtoonqshmf sgd
btqqdms @efg‘m rs‘sd ‘mc dkdbsdc fnudqmldms ‘r ‘ ld‘mr
ne rdbtqhmf T-R- hmsdqdrsr ‘mc bqd‘shmf hloqnudc bnmchshnmr
enq ‘m dudmst‘k vhsgcq‘v‘k ne sqnnor ’sgqntfg ‘ rsqnmfdq
@efg‘m rs‘sd( ‘mc.nq ‘ mdv mdfnsh‘shnm vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m
eqnl ‘ onrhshnm ne fqd‘sdq rsqdmfsg- d ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm
bnmshmtdr sn trd choknl‘shb kdudq‘fd sn athkc qdfhnm‘k
rtoonqs enq @efg‘m rs‘ahkhsx ‘mc ‘m dwsdmcdc T-R- oqdrdmbd-
Dmc Rs]sd
@m hmcdodmcdms+ cdlnbq‘shb+ ‘mc rnudqdhfm @efg‘m rs‘sd
vhsg sgd fnudqm‘mbd+ rs‘ahkhsx+ ‘mc rdbtqhsx enqbdr sn oqdudms
‘k,P‘dc‘+ HRJO+ ‘mc nsgdq sdqqnqhrs fqntor eqnl ‘ss‘bjhmf
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc sn bnms‘hm nsgdq on,
sdmsh‘k bg‘kkdmfdr sn T-R- ‘mc ‘kkhdc rdbtqhsx ‘mc hmsdqdrsr+
hmbktchmf sgnrd ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg hkkhbhs m‘qbnshbr ‘mc l‘rr
lhfq‘shnm- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd sg‘s dwdqbhrdr rnudqdhfmsx nudq
hsr anqcdqr ‘mc hmsdqm‘k ‘‘hqr ‘mc fnudqmr hm sdqlr sg‘s qd,
dbs sgd onotk‘q vhkk ‘mc rdke,cdsdqlhm‘shnm ne sgd @efg‘m
bhshydmqx vghkd l‘m‘fhmf bnmhbs od‘bdetkkx sgqntfg
‘bbntms‘akd bhuhkh‘m hmrshstshnmr- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd sg‘s rto,
onqsr ‘mc oqnsdbsr sgd qhfgsr ne lhmnqhshdr+ vnldm&r qhfgsr+
sgd cdlnbq‘shb bg‘q‘bsdq ne sgd rs‘sd+ ‘mc ‘ eqdd oqdrr- @m
61 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
@efg‘m rs‘sd sg‘s b‘m dmc sgd bnmhbs sgqntfg ‘ mdfnsh‘shnm
sg‘s hmbnqonq‘sdr sgd S‘kha‘m hmsn fnudqmldms rsqtbstqdr
nm sdqlr e‘unq‘akd sn sgd fnudqmldms- @m @efg‘m rs‘sd
sg‘s hr oqnfqdrrhudkx kdrr qdkh‘ms nm hmsdqm‘shnm‘k ‘rrhrs‘mbd
‘mc hr mdhsgdq ‘ rntqbd ne qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx mnq ‘ knbtr ne
oqnwx qdfhnm‘k bnlodshshnm- @ bntmsqx vgdqd sgd bhshydmr ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m+ vgn g‘ud rtdqdc rn ltbg ctqhmf enqsx xd‘qr
ne v‘q+ g‘ud sgd oqnrodbs ne xd‘q,nm,xd‘q hloqnudldmsr hm
sgdhq oqnrodqhsx+ rdbtqhsx+ ‘mc vdkk,adhmf-
L]hm 9bshnmr
– Vhsgcq‘v eqnl sgd btqqdms ‘fqddldms vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m
‘mc qd‘rrdqs rtoonqs enq sgd bnmrshstshnm‘k fnudqmldms
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
– Rhfm‘k ‘ vhkkhmfmdrr sn qddmsdq hmsn mdfnsh‘shnmr vhsg
sgd S‘kha‘m ats rodbhex dmc,rs‘sd bnmchshnmr sg‘s dm,
rtqd sgd l‘hmsdm‘mbd ne rodbhb f‘hmr ‘mc sgd ‘ahkhsx sn
hlokdldms qnatrs bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl ld‘rtqdr+ hmbktc,
hmf vhsg ‘m nmfnhmf T-R- rdbtqhsx oqdrdmbd-
– G‘ks sgd sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k ‘mc l‘jd bnmshmfdmbx ok‘mr
enq ‘ onrrhakd hmbqd‘rd hm sqnno mtladqr-
– Bnllhs sn+ ‘mc tqfd nsgdq cnmnqr sn bnllhs sn+ ‘ ltk,
shxd‘q rtoonqs o‘bj‘fd enq sgd fnudqmldms- Bnmshmtd
sn rtoonqs fnudqm‘mbd qdenqlr ‘mc gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m ‘mc
cdudknoldms oqnidbsr sg‘s lhfgs annrs sgd kdfhshl‘bx
ne sgd rs‘sd- Bnmrhcdq hmbqd‘rdr nq ‘citrsldmsr hm sgd
lhw ne m‘mbh‘k rtoonqs sn adrs ‘bghdud sgd cdrhqdc dmc
rs‘sd-
– Hlokdldms ‘ qdfhnm‘k choknl‘bx rsq‘sdfx+ a‘rdc nm T-R-
qdrnkud+ sg‘s rddjr rtoonqs enq sgd btqqdms fnudqmldms+
‘ qdctbshnm ne rtoonqs sn sgd S‘kha‘m+ ‘mc rtoonqs enq
‘ knmfdq T-R- oqdrdmbd hm sgd qdfhnm-
– Rtoonqs ‘mc etmc oqdo‘q‘shnmr enq o‘qkh‘ldms‘qx
’1/12( ‘mc oqdrhcdmsh‘k ’1/13( dkdbshnmr sn l‘hms‘hm
sgd hmsdfqhsx ne sgd bnmrshstshnm‘k nqcdq-
Admdèsr
– @ rs‘akd+ lncdqmhyhmf @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsg rsqnmf+ hm,
bktrhud hmrshstshnmr sg‘s hr bknrdkx ‘kkhdc sn sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc ‘ bnllhssdc o‘qsmdq hm sgd dnqs sn dmrtqd
sg‘s sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr hmsdqdrsr ‘qd mdudq
sgqd‘sdmdc ax fqntor nodq‘shmf vhsghm sgd anqcdqr ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m-
– @m @efg‘mhrs‘m sg‘s hr hmbqd‘rhmfkx ‘akd sn m‘mbd hsr
nvm atcfds-
– @ rsqnmf T-R- fdnonkhshb‘k onrhshnm hm sgd qdfhnm-
– @ bkd‘q cdlnmrsq‘shnm ne T-R- qdrnkud ‘mc b‘o‘bhsx sn
ldds hsr rs‘sdc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k fn‘kr-
– @ rsqdmfsgdmhmf ne sgd T-R-,kdc ‘kkh‘mbd rxrsdl+ drod,
bh‘kkx M@SN-
– Dudmst‘k noonqstmhshdr enq hmudrsldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m
ax T-R- bnlo‘mhdr+ hm o‘qshbtk‘q hm q‘qd d‘qsg ‘mc lhm,
dq‘k qdrntqbdr-
Qhrjr
– E‘hktqd sn ‘bghdud fn‘kr vntkc tmcdqlhmd oqdrshfd+
v‘rsd qdrntqbdr+ ‘mc kd‘ud sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr rshkk lhqdc
hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsgnts ‘ bkd‘q dwhs rsq‘sdfx ‘mc vhsg
‘ vd‘jdmdc @efg‘m fnudqmldms bnlodkkhmf hs sn rs‘x-
– @ cdahkhs‘sdc @efg‘m fnudqmldms vntkc ad enqbdc sn
mdfnsh‘sd vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m eqnl ‘m dudm vd‘jdq onrhshnm-
– @aqnf‘shnm ne sgd Cng‘ ‘fqddldms vntkc khjdkx kd‘c sn
‘ S‘kha‘m a‘bjk‘rg+ rtoonqsdc ax O‘jhrs‘m+ hmbqd‘rhmf
uhnkdmbd ‘mc chrsqtrs- He sgd S‘kha‘m ‘qd mns rhfmhb‘ms,
kx cdfq‘cdc ax ‘ T-R- qdbnllhsldms+ sgdx vntkc q‘hrd
sgd bnrs ne dmsdqhmf ‘ mdv onkhshb‘k oqnbdrr-
– @aqnf‘shnm bqd‘sdr fqd‘sdq hmbdmshudr enq sgd S‘kha‘m
sn qdmdv nq l‘jd ‘kkh‘mbdr vhsg nsgdq sdqqnq fqntor-
– Dudm he sgd rsq‘sdfx hr tkshl‘sdkx rtbbdrretk+ sgd nmfnhmf
bnmhbs vntkc oqnknmf sgd rtdqhmf ne @efg‘mr+ fhudm
sgd khjdkx knmf shld eq‘ld qdpthqdc enq sgd fnudqmldms
sn ‘bghdud ‘cdpt‘sd rsqdmfsg-
– @efg‘m dkhsdr qdronmc sn qdmdvdc rtoonqs mns ‘r ‘
'rdbnmc bg‘mbd• kd‘chmf sn fdmthmd qdenqlr+ ats ‘r
‘ etqsgdq hmbdmshud sn ok‘bd hmchuhct‘k hmsdqdrsr ‘mc
odqrnm‘k dmqhbgldms nudq m‘shnm‘k hmsdqdrsr+ l‘jhmf
sgd naidbshud g‘qcdq sn ‘bghdud-
– dnmfnhmfenbtrnm@efg‘mhrs‘mchrsq‘bsrV‘rghmfsnm&r
‘ssdmshnm ‘mc qdrntqbdr eqnl nsgdq+ dldqfhmf oqnakdlr-
Qdrntpbdr
– Ehm‘mbh‘k qdrntqbdr ‘mc sqnnor vntkc ad qdpthqdc ‘s
sgd r‘ld kdudkr ‘r hm 1/03“07- Hmbqd‘rdr hm sgdrd kdudkr
ne rtoonqs bntkc mns ad dwbktcdc-
– Rhfmhb‘ms choknl‘shb qdrntqbdr ‘mc ‘ssdmshnm vntkc
mddc sn ad hmudrsdc-
Opna]ahkhsx ne Rtbbdrr
– Ldchtl sn knv a‘rdc nm sgd ghrsnqx ne sgd o‘rs svn
cdb‘cdr ‘mc sgd bgqnmhb vd‘jmdrr ne sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd-
– d oqna‘ahkhsx ne rtbbdrr vntkc ad hmbqd‘rdc ax sgd
hlokdldms‘shnm ne ‘ lnqd bnnqchm‘sdc vgnkd,ne,
fnudqmldms dnqs ‘mc ‘ rsq‘sdfhb choknl‘shb dnqs+
‘r vdkk ‘r ax sgd oqnuhrhnm ne oqdchbs‘akd kdudkr ne
dbhdms ‘hc-
Onkhbx OWsgvWx 2- : AWkbtkWsdc LhkhsWpx UhsgcpWvWk9
KdWud vghkd Ophnphshyhmf T-R- Hmsdpdrsr Wmc LhshfWshmf
Phrir vhsg MnmlhkhsWpx LdWmr
d ‘clhmhrsq‘shnm sg‘s s‘jdr nbd hm I‘mt‘qx 1/10 dhsgdq
e‘bdr ‘ aqd‘jcnvm ne sgd mdfnsh‘shnm oqnbdrr hm d‘qkx 1/10
nq itcfdr sg‘s sgdqd hr mdhsgdq sgd oqnrodbs ne ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd
od‘bd dldqfhmf sgqntfg mdfnsh‘shnm ’o‘sgv‘x 0( mnq ‘
khjdkhgnnc ne hloqnuhmf sgd onrhshnm ne sgd @efg‘m fnu,
dqmldms ’o‘sgv‘x 1(- Hs bgnnrdr sn vhsgcq‘v T-R- sqnnor
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 62
 ax L‘x 1/10 ‘mc rhfm‘kr ‘ qdctbshnm hm rtoonqs sn sgd
@efg‘m rs‘sd+ ats mns ‘m hmchdqdmbd sn ntsbnldr- Hs bnm,
shmtdr sn vnqj vhsg ‘bsnqr hmrhcd ‘mc ntsrhcd @efg‘mhrs‘m
sn lhshf‘sd sgd qhrj ne ‘ sdqqnqhrs ‘ss‘bj ‘f‘hmrs sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc sn ‘bghdud ‘cchshnm‘k ats lnqd khlhsdc hmsdqdrsr
vgdqd onrrhakd- Hs bnmshmtdr sn etmc rnld cdudknoldms ‘mc
gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m dnqsr ‘mc dwdqsr choknl‘shb kdudq‘fd enq ‘
qdfhnm‘k eq‘ldvnqj enq @efg‘m rs‘ahkhsx vghkd dmbntq‘fhmf
‘cchshnm‘k cnmnqr sn rtoonqs sgd rs‘sd-
Dmc Rs]sd
@ qdk‘shudkx rs‘akd @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘akd sn bnms‘hm lnrs sdqqnq,
hrs sgqd‘sr hm hsr sdqqhsnqx sg‘s cndr mns onrd ‘ rhfmhb‘ms
sgqd‘s sn qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx nq sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nq hsr
hmsdqdrsr- Cnldrshb onkhshb‘k rs‘ahkhsx hr dudmst‘kkx ‘bghdudc
sgqntfg ‘ mdfnsh‘sdc ntsbnld sg‘s hmbktcdr sgd S‘kha‘m
hm sgd fnudqmldms ats ‘s sgd bnrs ne l‘mx ne sgd f‘hmr hm
qhfgsr ‘mc u‘ktdr nas‘hmdc nudq sgd o‘rs rdudq‘k cdb‘cdr-
L]hm 9bshnmr
– Bnmshmtd vhsgcq‘vhmf T-R- sqnnor ‘bbnqchmf sn sgd
Cng‘ ‘fqddldms shlds‘akd+ qdf‘qckdrr ne S‘kha‘m
adg‘uhnq-
– Trd ‘u‘hk‘akd onrhshud ‘mc mdf‘shud hmbdmshudr nm ‘kk ‘b,
snqr sn ‘ssdlos sn hmtdmbd ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms sg‘s
‘khfmr ‘r ltbg ‘r onrrhakd vhsg T-R- hmsdqdrsr- Bnmrhcdq
rtoonqshmf sgd ‘oonhmsldms ne ‘ sghqc,o‘qsx ldch‘snq+
he ‘m ‘bbdos‘akd ftqd b‘m ad hcdmshdc-
– Vnqj vhsg M@SN ‘mc Qdrnktsd Rtoonqs ‘kkhdr sn bn,
nqchm‘sd vhsg sgnrd ‘kkhdr sg‘s ‘krn vhrg sn vhsgcq‘v-
– Trd qdk‘shnmr vhsg ‘qldc @efg‘m ‘bsnqr nm sgd fqntmc
sn oqdudms+ enq ‘r knmf ‘r onrrhakd+ ‘ S‘kha‘m lhkhs‘qx
s‘jdnudq ne J‘atk ‘mc sgd mnqsg ne sgd bntmsqx-
– Bnmshmtd sn oqnuhcd ’qdctbdc( ‘rrhrs‘mbd sn vg‘sdudq
@efg‘m rs‘sd rsqtbstqd odqrhrsr- Dmbntq‘fd ‘kkhdr ‘mc
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k m‘mbh‘k hmrshstshnmr sn bnmshmtd oqnuhc,
hmf ‘rrhrs‘mbd-
63 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
– Dmf‘fd vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m nm bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl hmsdqdrsr-
– Bnmshmtd oqnuhchmf rtoonqs sn @RRE ‘mc @efg‘m @hq
Enqbd tmhsr ‘r knmf ‘r onrrhakd-
Admdèsr
– @ qdctbshnm hm m‘mbh‘k bnrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
– @bshud T-R- mdtsq‘khsx cndr mns oqdbktcd oqnfqdrr adhmf
l‘cd nm @efg‘m od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr kdc ax hmsdqm‘shnm,
‘k ‘bsnqr ’rtbg ‘r sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr( nq nqbgdrsq‘sdc
ax sgd @efg‘m o‘qshdr sgdlrdkudr-
– Fqd‘sdq dwhahkhsx enq ‘ lnqd rsq‘sdfhb qdfhnm‘k
onkhbx mnv sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m mn knmfdq cnlhm‘sdr
b‘kbtk‘shnmr-
Qhrjr
– d fnudqmldms bnkk‘ordr+ kd‘chmf sn ‘ bhuhk v‘q ‘jhm
sn sgd btqqdms rhst‘shnm hm Rxqh‘ ‘mc qdlhmhrbdms ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m hsrdke hm sgd 088/r-
– d fnudqmldms e‘kkr tmcdq S‘kha‘m bnmsqnk ‘mc ‘bsr
bntmsdq sn T-R- hmsdqdrsr ’ansg hm sdqlr ne bntmsdqsdq,
qnqhrl ‘mc vhsg qdrodbs sn S‘kha‘m onkhbhdr sg‘s c‘l‘fd
qhfgsr ‘mc u‘ktdr ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg sgd T-R- kdf‘bx(-
– d sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s sn sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr
b‘m mn knmfdq ad etkkx bnms‘hmdc-
– Ansg sgd bhuhk v‘q rbdm‘qhn ‘mc sgd rbdm‘qhn sg‘s dm,
uhr‘fdr ‘ rsqnmf S‘kha‘m fnudqmldms sgqd‘sdm etqsgdq
qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx ’d-f-+ ‘ rsqnmf S‘kha‘m fnudqmldms
bntkc otrg Hmch‘ sn ‘bs ‘f‘hmrs O‘jhrs‘m hm nsgdq ‘qd‘r(-
– T-R- bqdchahkhsx ‘mc oqdrshfd ‘qd mdf‘shudkx ‘dbsdc-
– @ hfgs ne gtl‘m b‘ohs‘k ‘mc ‘ khjdkx lhfq‘shnm ‘mc
qdetfdd bqhrhr sgqd‘sdm sgd rs‘ahkhsx ne sgd qdfhnm ‘mc
‘dbs sgd Dtqnod‘m Tmhnm-
– Vnldm&r ‘mc lhmnqhsx qhfgsr ‘qd khjdkx rhfmhb‘mskx
btqs‘hkdc-
Qdrntpbdr
– Fhudm sgd tmbdqs‘hmsx ne u‘qhntr ntsbnldr+ svn aqn‘c
rbdm‘qhnr lhfgs ad ‘mshbho‘sdc9
– He ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr qd‘bgdc ‘mc rs‘sd hmrsh,
stshnmr rtquhud+ rhfmhb‘ms qdrntqbd ‘kknb‘shnm
lhfgs ad v‘qq‘msdc sn rtoonqs sghr ntsbnld-
– He ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr mns qd‘bgdc ‘mc sgd
bntmsqx bnkk‘ordr hmsn bhuhk v‘q+ gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m
‘rrhrs‘mbd l‘x ad v‘qq‘msdc-
– Hm dhsgdq b‘rd+ mn T-R- sqnno cdoknxldms vntkc ad
dwodbsdc+ dkhlhm‘shmf bnqqdronmchmf bnrsr ne l‘hm,
s‘hmhmf ‘ T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd- @s sgd r‘ld shld+
rhfmhb‘ms choknl‘shb dnqs ‘mc dwodqshrd vntkc ad
qdpthqdc sn l‘m‘fd dhsgdq ne sgd ‘anud rbdm‘qhnr-
Opna]ahkhsx ne Rtbbdrr
– Knv,sn,ldchtl oqna‘ahkhsx ne ‘bghduhmf ldchtl, sn
knmf,sdql rs‘ahkhsx-
– Ldchtl,sn,ghfg qhrj ne ‘ mdv bhuhk v‘q-
– Ldchtl,sn,ghfg qhrj ne mns lddshmf T-R- bntmsdqsdq,
qnqhrl hmsdqdrsr ‘mc+ sgdqdenqd+ ne rddhmf ‘m hmbqd‘rdc
sgqd‘s sn sgd gnldk‘mc-
Onkhbx OWsgvWx 3- : UWrghmf ne GWmcr9 Opnlos Lhkh,
sWpx UhsgcpWvWk Wmc ChoknlWshb ChrdmfWfdldms
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr adfhmr ‘ etkk ‘mc q‘ohc sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k
cds‘bgdc eqnl sgd od‘bd oqnbdrr ’vgdsgdq oqnfqdrr hr l‘cd
nq mns( ‘mc rhfm‘kr sn qdfhnm‘k onvdqr sg‘s hs hr sgdhq qdronm,
rhahkhsx sn dmrtqd rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m- Hs chrbnmshmtdr
lnrs ‘hc dwbdos enq gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m dnqsr sgqntfg ltkshk‘sdq‘k
bg‘mmdkr- Hs cndr mns dwdqs rhfmhb‘ms choknl‘shb ltrbkd sn
enqfd ‘ qdfhnm‘k eq‘ldvnqj enq @efg‘m onkhshb‘k rs‘ahkhsx nq sn
mtcfd sgd o‘qshdr sn sgd @efg‘m bnmhbs snv‘qc ‘m ‘fqddldms-
Dmc Rs]sd
@ bhuhk v‘q hm @efg‘mhrs‘m hm vghbg mn rhcd f‘hmr sgd toodq
g‘mc ’‘jhm sn sgd rhst‘shnm hm sgd d‘qkx 088/r( nq hm vghbg
nmd e‘bshnm s‘jdr bnmsqnk ne J‘atk ‘mc nsgdq jdx bhshdr vghkd
onbjdsr ne qdrhrs‘mbd odqrhrs ’‘jhm sn sgd rhst‘shnm hm sgd k‘sd
088/r vgdm sgd S‘kha‘m snnj gnkc ne J‘atk(-
L]hm 9bshnmr
– Bnlokdsd sqnno vhsgcq‘v‘k ‘r rnnm ‘r onrrhakd-
– Hlokdldms ‘ qdfhnm‘k choknl‘shb rsq‘sdfx ‘hldc ‘s ‘
fqd‘sdq qnkd enq @efg‘mhrs‘m&r mdhfganqr ‘mc qdlnsd
mdhfganqr hm sgd bntmsqx&r rs‘ahkhy‘shnm-
– Vnqj vhsg M@SN ‘mc Qdrnktsd Rtoonqs ‘kkhdr sn bn,
nqchm‘sd vhsg sgnrd ‘kkhdr sg‘s ‘krn vhrg sn vhsgcq‘v-
– Qdctbd bnmsqhatshnmr ’ansg bhuhkh‘m ‘mc lhkhs‘qx( sn
sgd @efg‘m rs‘sd ats tqfd nsgdq cnmnqr sn bnmshmtd
bnmsqhatshnmr-
– Bknrd sgd dla‘rrx nq qdctbd sgd dla‘rrx oqdrdmbd+ he
bnmchshnmr odqlhs: l‘jd bnmshmfdmbhdr enq du‘bt‘shnm-
– L‘jd bnmshmfdmbx ok‘mr enq ‘mshbho‘sdc lhfq‘shnm
nvr+ ansg qdfhnm‘k ‘mc fkna‘k-
Admdèsr
– @ qdctbshnm hm m‘mbh‘k bnrsr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
– @bshud T-R- mdtsq‘khsx cndr mns oqdbktcd oqnfqdrr adhmf
l‘cd nm @efg‘m od‘bd mdfnsh‘shnmr kdc ax hmsdqm‘shnm,
‘k ‘bsnqr ’rtbg ‘r sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr( nq nqbgdrsq‘sdc
ax sgd @efg‘m o‘qshdr sgdlrdkudr-
– Fqd‘sdq dwhahkhsx enq ‘ lnqd rsq‘sdfhb qdfhnm‘k
onkhbx mnv sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m mn knmfdq cnlhm‘sdr
b‘kbtk‘shnmr-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 64
 Qhrjr
– Bhuhk v‘q dqtosr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc etdkr bgqnmhb
gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m bqhrdr-
– T-R- ‘mc M@SN.Qdrnktsd Rtoonqs b‘rt‘kshdr ‘qd rtr,
s‘hmdc ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m g‘q‘rr sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k nodq‘shnmr-
– dqd hr hm‘cdpt‘sd shld ‘u‘hk‘akd sn oqnedrrhnm‘kkx
qdsqnfq‘cd T-R- enqbdr ‘mc dptholdms-
– @ bqhrhr cdudknor vhsghm M@SN.Qdrnktsd Rtoonqs ‘r
o‘qsmdqr ‘qd enqbdc sn vhsgcq‘v nm ‘ rhlhk‘qkx ‘bbdk,
dq‘sdc shlds‘akd- @kkhdr fqnv qdrdmsetk ‘s sgd k‘bj ne
bnmrtks‘shnm- Lhkhs‘qx bn‘khshnmr adbnld lnqd chbtks
sn ‘rrdlakd hm sgd etstqd-
– d sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s hr dw‘bdqa‘sdc-
– @ hfgs ne gtl‘m b‘ohs‘k s‘jdr ok‘bd- Rhfmhb‘ms qdet,
fdd ‘mc lhfq‘shnm nvr nbbtq-
– T-R- oqdrshfd ‘mc bqdchahkhsx ‘qd qdctbdc-
– Qdfhnm‘k hmrs‘ahkhsx hmbqd‘rdr ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m,Hmch‘ sdm,
rhnmr gdhfgsdm-
– d @efg‘m fnudqmldms ‘kkhdr hsrdke vhsg Hq‘m nq nsgdq
T-R- qhu‘kr-
65 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
Qdrntpbdr
– Fhudm sgd tmbdqs‘hmsx ne u‘qhntr ntsbnldr+ svn aqn‘c
rbdm‘qhnr lhfgs ad ‘mshbho‘sdc9
– He ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr qd‘bgdc ‘mc rs‘sd hmrsh,
stshnmr rtquhud+ rhfmhb‘ms qdrntqbd ‘kknb‘shnm
lhfgs ad v‘qq‘msdc sn rtoonqs sghr ntsbnld-
– He ‘ od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr mns qd‘bgdc ‘mc sgd
bntmsqx bnkk‘ordr hmsn bhuhk v‘q+ gtl‘mhs‘qh‘m
‘rrhrs‘mbd l‘x ad v‘qq‘msdc-
– Hm dhsgdq b‘rd+ mn T-R- sqnno cdoknxldms vntkc ad
dwodbsdc+ dkhlhm‘shmf bnqqdronmchmf bnrsr ne l‘hm,
s‘hmhmf ‘ T-R- lhkhs‘qx oqdrdmbd- @s sgd r‘ld shld+
rhfmhb‘ms choknl‘shb dnqs ‘mc dwodqshrd vntkc ad
qdpthqdc sn l‘m‘fd dhsgdq ne sgd ‘anud rbdm‘qhnr-
Opna]ahkhsx ne Rtbbdrr
– d oqna‘ahkhsx ne l‘hms‘hmhmf rnld rnqs ne rs‘ahkhsx hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘dq ‘ oqnlos vhsgcq‘v‘k ne sqnnor ‘mc ‘
rtars‘msh‘k qdctbshnm hm ‘hc hr lhmhl‘k- @klnrs dudqx
hmsdqknbtsnq sgd Rstcx Fqnto bnmrtksdc trdc sgd vnqc
'b‘s‘rsqnoghb• nq ‘ rxmnmxl sgdqdne sn cdrbqhad sgd
ddbsr ne sghr noshnm-
– d oqna‘ahkhsx ne sgqd‘sr sn sgd T-R- gnldk‘mc qd,
dldqfhmf hr ghfg+ sgdqdax l‘jhmf sgd oqdrdqu‘shnm ne
T-R- bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl hmsdqdrsr tmkhjdkx-
?MMCU 5

Sdws ne sgd CngW :fpddldms

9fpddldms enp Aphmfhmf Od]bd sn 9efg]mhrs]m

adsvddm sgd Hrk]lhb Dlhp]sd ne 9efg]mhrs]m vghbg hr mns pdbnfmhydc
ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr ]r ] rs]sd ]mc hr jmnvm ]r sgd S]kha]m ]mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr ne 9ldphb]

Edapt]px 18) 1.1.

vghbg bnppdronmcr sn Q]i]a 4) 0330 nm sgd Ghiph Ktm]p
b]kdmc]p ]mc Gnns 0.) 0286 nm sgd Ghiph Rnk]p b]kdmc]p

@ bnloqdgdmrhud od‘bd ‘fqddldms hr l‘cd ne entq o‘qsr9
0- Ft‘q‘msddr ‘mc dmenqbdldms ldbg‘mhrlr sg‘s vhkk oqdudms
sgd trd ne sgd rnhk ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ax ‘mx fqnto nq hmchuhc,
t‘k ‘f‘hmrs sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
1- Ft‘q‘msddr+ dmenqbdldms ldbg‘mhrlr+ ‘mc ‘mmntmbd,
ldms ne ‘ shldkhmd enq sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne ‘kk enqdhfm
enqbdr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m-
2- @dq sgd ‘mmntmbdldms ne ft‘q‘msddr enq ‘ bnlokdsd
vhsgcq‘v‘k ne enqdhfm enqbdr ‘mc shldkhmd hm sgd oqdr,
dmbd ne hmsdqm‘shnm‘k vhsmdrrdr+ ‘mc ft‘q‘msddr ‘mc sgd
‘mmntmbdldms hm sgd oqdrdmbd ne hmsdqm‘shnm‘k vhsmdrrdr
sg‘s @efg‘m rnhk vhkk mns ad trdc ‘f‘hmrs sgd rdbtqhsx ne
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr+ sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk rs‘qs hmsq‘,
@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr vhsg @efg‘m rhcdr nm L‘qbg 0/+ 1/1/+
vghbg bnqqdronmcr sn Q‘i‘a 04+ 0330 nm sgd Ghiqh Ktm‘q
b‘kdmc‘q ‘mc Gnns 1/+ 0287 nm sgd Ghiqh Rnk‘q b‘kdmc‘q-
3- @ odql‘mdms ‘mc bnloqdgdmrhud bd‘rdqd vhkk ad
‘m hsdl nm sgd ‘fdmc‘ ne sgd hmsq‘,@efg‘m ch‘knftd
‘mc mdfnsh‘shnmr- d o‘qshbho‘msr ne hmsq‘,@efg‘m
mdfnsh‘shnmr vhkk chrbtrr sgd c‘sd ‘mc lnc‘khshdr ne ‘
odql‘mdms ‘mc bnloqdgdmrhud bd‘rdqd+ hmbktchmf
inhms hlokdldms‘shnm ldbg‘mhrlr+ vghbg vhkk ad
‘mmntmbdc ‘knmf vhsg sgd bnlokdshnm ‘mc ‘fqddldms
nudq sgd etstqd onkhshb‘k qn‘cl‘o ne @efg‘mhrs‘m-
d entq o‘qsr ‘anud ‘qd hmsdqqdk‘sdc ‘mc d‘bg vhkk ad hl,
okdldmsdc hm ‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg hsr nvm ‘fqddc shldkhmd ‘mc
‘fqddc sdqlr- @fqddldms nm sgd qrs svn o‘qsr o‘udr sgd
v‘x enq sgd k‘rs svn o‘qsr-
Enkknvhmf hr sgd sdws ne sgd ‘fqddldms enq sgd hlokdldm,
s‘shnm ne o‘qsr nmd ‘mc svn ne sgd ‘anud- Ansg rhcdr ‘fqdd
sg‘s sgdrd svn o‘qsr ‘qd hmsdqbnmmdbsdc- d nakhf‘shnmr ne
sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnfmhydc
ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m
hm sghr ‘fqddldms ‘ookx hm ‘qd‘r tmcdq sgdhq bnmsqnk tmshk
sgd enql‘shnm ne sgd mdv onrs,rdsskdldms @efg‘m Hrk‘lhb
fnudqmldms ‘r cdsdqlhmdc ax sgd hmsq‘,@efg‘m ch‘knftd
‘mc mdfnsh‘shnmr-
O:PS NMD
d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr bnllhssdc sn vhsgcq‘v eqnl
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘kk lhkhs‘qx enqbdr ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr
‘kkhdr+ ‘mc Bn‘khshnm o‘qsmdqr+ hmbktchmf ‘kk mnm,choknl‘shb
bhuhkh‘m odqrnmmdk+ oqhu‘sd rdbtqhsx bnmsq‘bsnqr+ sq‘hmdqr+ ‘c,
uhrnqr+ ‘mc rtoonqshmf rdquhbdr odqrnmmdk vhsghm entqsddm
’03( lnmsgr enkknvhmf ‘mmntmbdldms ne sghr ‘fqddldms+
‘mc vhkk s‘jd sgd enkknvhmf ld‘rtqdr hm sghr qdf‘qc9

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 66

 @- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk
s‘jd sgd enkknvhmf ld‘rtqdr hm sgd qrs nmd gtmcqdc
sghqsx,ud ’024( c‘xr9
0( dx vhkk qdctbd sgd mtladq ne T-R- enqbdr hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m sn dhfgs sgntr‘mc rhw gtmcqdc ’7+5//(
‘mc oqnonqshnm‘kkx aqhmf qdctbshnm hm sgd mtladq
ne hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc Bn‘khshnm enqbdr-
1( d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk
vhsgcq‘v ‘kk sgdhq enqbdr eqnl ud ’4( lhkhs‘qx a‘rdr-
A- Vhsg sgd bnllhsldms ‘mc ‘bshnm nm sgd nakhf‘shnmr ne
sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnf,
mhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd
S‘kha‘m hm O‘qs Svn ne sghr ‘fqddldms+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+
hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk dwdbtsd sgd enkknvhmf9
0( d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk
bnlokdsd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne ‘kk qdl‘hmhmf enqbdr eqnl
@efg‘mhrs‘m vhsghm sgd qdl‘hmhmf mhmd ‘mc ‘ g‘ke
’8-4( lnmsgr-
1( d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk
vhsgcq‘v ‘kk sgdhq enqbdr eqnl qdl‘hmhmf a‘rdr-
B- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr hr bnllhssdc sn rs‘qs hlldch‘sdkx sn
vnqj vhsg ‘kk qdkdu‘ms rhcdr nm ‘ ok‘m sn dwodchshntrkx
qdkd‘rd bnla‘s ‘mc onkhshb‘k oqhrnmdqr ‘r ‘ bnmcdmbd
athkchmf ld‘rtqd vhsg sgd bnnqchm‘shnm ‘mc ‘ooqnu‘k
ne ‘kk qdkdu‘ms rhcdr- To sn ud sgntr‘mc ’4+///( oqhrnm,
dqr ne sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns
qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm
‘r sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc to sn nmd sgntr‘mc ’0+///( oqhrnm,
dqr ne sgd nsgdq rhcd vhkk ad qdkd‘rdc ax L‘qbg 0/+ 1/1/+
sgd qrs c‘x ne hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr+ vghbg bnq,
qdronmcr sn Q‘i‘a 04+ 0330 nm sgd Ghiqh Ktm‘q b‘kdmc‘q
‘mc Gnns 1/+ 0287 nm sgd Ghiqh Rnk‘q b‘kdmc‘q- d
qdkdu‘ms rhcdr g‘ud sgd fn‘k ne qdkd‘rhmf ‘kk sgd qdl‘hm,
hmf oqhrnmdqr nudq sgd bntqrd ne sgd rtardptdms sgqdd
lnmsgr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnllhsr sn bnlokdshmf sghr
fn‘k- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns
qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm
‘r sgd S‘kha‘m bnllhsr sg‘s hsr qdkd‘rdc oqhrnmdqr vhkk
ad bnllhssdc sn sgd qdronmrhahkhshdr ldmshnmdc hm sghr
67 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
‘fqddldms rn sg‘s sgdx vhkk mns onrd ‘ sgqd‘s sn sgd
rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
C- Vhsg sgd rs‘qs ne hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr vhkk hmhsh‘sd ‘m ‘clhmhrsq‘shud qduhdv ne btqqdms
T-R- r‘mbshnmr ‘mc sgd qdv‘qcr khrs ‘f‘hmrs ldladqr ne
sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r
sgd S‘kha‘m vhsg sgd fn‘k ne qdlnuhmf sgdrd r‘mbshnmr
ax @tftrs 16+ 1/1/+ vghbg bnqqdronmcr sn Ltg‘qq‘l
7+ 0331 nm sgd Ghiqh Ktm‘q b‘kdmc‘q ‘mc R‘tmank‘ 5+
0288 nm sgd Ghiqh Rnk‘q b‘kdmc‘q-
D- Vhsg sgd rs‘qs ne hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr vhkk rs‘qs choknl‘shb dmf‘fdldms vhsg nsgdq
ldladqr ne sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk ‘mc
@efg‘mhrs‘m sn qdlnud ldladqr ne sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd
ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m eqnl sgd
r‘mbshnmr khrs vhsg sgd ‘hl ne ‘bghduhmf sghr naidbshud
ax L‘x 18+ 1/1/+ vghbg bnqqdronmcr sn Rg‘vv‘k 5+
0330 nm sgd Ghiqh Ktm‘q b‘kdmc‘q ‘mc I‘vy‘ 8+ 0288 nm
sgd Ghiqh Rnk‘q b‘kdmc‘q-
E- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr vhkk qdeq‘hm eqnl sgd
sgqd‘s nq sgd trd ne enqbd ‘f‘hmrs sgd sdqqhsnqh‘k hmsdfqhsx
nq onkhshb‘k hmcdodmcdmbd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m nq hmsdqudm,
hmf hm hsr cnldrshb ‘‘hqr-
O:PS SUN
Hm bnmitmbshnm vhsg sgd ‘mmntmbdldms ne sghr ‘fqddldms+
sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnfmhydc
ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m
vhkk s‘jd sgd enkknvhmf rsdor sn oqdudms ‘mx fqnto nq hmchuhc,
t‘k+ hmbktchmf ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ eqnl trhmf sgd rnhk ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
sn sgqd‘sdm sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr9
0- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r
sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk mns ‘kknv ‘mx ne hsr ldladqr+ nsgdq hm,
chuhct‘kr nq fqntor+ hmbktchmf ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ sn trd sgd rnhk
 ne @efg‘mhrs‘m sn sgqd‘sdm sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
1- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r
sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk rdmc ‘ bkd‘q ldrr‘fd sg‘s sgnrd vgn
onrd ‘ sgqd‘s sn sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr
‘kkhdr g‘ud mn ok‘bd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc vhkk hmrsqtbs
ldladqr ne sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg
hr mns qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc
hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m mns sn bnnodq‘sd vhsg fqntor
nq hmchuhct‘kr sgqd‘sdmhmf sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
2- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm
‘r sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk oqdudms ‘mx fqnto nq hmchuhct‘k hm
@efg‘mhrs‘m eqnl sgqd‘sdmhmf sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc vhkk oqdudms sgdl eqnl qdbqths,
hmf+ sq‘hmhmf+ ‘mc etmcq‘hrhmf ‘mc vhkk mns gnrs sgdl hm
‘bbnqc‘mbd vhsg sgd bnllhsldmsr hm sghr ‘fqddldms-
3- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm
‘r sgd S‘kha‘m hr bnllhssdc sn cd‘k vhsg sgnrd rddjhmf
‘rxktl nq qdrhcdmbd hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘bbnqchmf sn hmsdq,
m‘shnm‘k lhfq‘shnm k‘v ‘mc sgd bnllhsldmsr ne sghr
‘fqddldms+ rn sg‘s rtbg odqrnmr cn mns onrd ‘ sgqd‘s sn
sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
4- d Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdb,
nfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm
‘r sgd S‘kha‘m vhkk mns oqnuhcd uhr‘r+ o‘rronqsr+ sq‘udk
odqlhsr+ nq nsgdq kdf‘k cnbtldmsr sn sgnrd vgn onrd ‘
sgqd‘s sn sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr
sn dmsdq @efg‘mhrs‘m-
O:PS SGPDD
0- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk qdptdrs sgd qdbnfmhshnm ‘mc
dmcnqrdldms ne sgd Tmhsdc M‘shnmr Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk
enq sghr ‘fqddldms-
1- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd Hrk‘lhb Dlhq‘sd ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m vghbg hr mns qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr ‘r ‘ rs‘sd ‘mc hr jmnvm ‘r sgd S‘kha‘m rddj onrhshud
qdk‘shnmr vhsg d‘bg nsgdq ‘mc dwodbs sg‘s sgd qdk‘shnmr
adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd mdv onrs,rdsskdldms
@efg‘m Hrk‘lhb fnudqmldms ‘r cdsdqlhmdc ax sgd hmsq‘,
@efg‘m ch‘knftd ‘mc mdfnsh‘shnmr vhkk ad onrhshud-
2- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk rddj dbnmnlhb bnnodq‘shnm
enq qdbnmrsqtbshnm vhsg sgd mdv onrs,rdsskdldms
@efg‘m Hrk‘lhb fnudqmldms ‘r cdsdqlhmdc ax sgd
hmsq‘,@efg‘m ch‘knftd ‘mc mdfnsh‘shnmr+ ‘mc vhkk mns
hmsdqudmd hm hsr hmsdqm‘k ‘‘hqr-
Rhfmdc hm Cng‘+ P‘s‘q nm Edaqt‘qx 18+ 1/1/+ vghbg bnqqd,
ronmcr sn Q‘i‘a 4+ 0330 nm sgd Ghiqh Ktm‘q b‘kdmc‘q ‘mc Gnns
0/+ 0287 nm sgd Ghiqh Rnk‘q b‘kdmc‘q+ hm ctokhb‘sd+ hm O‘rgsn+
C‘qh+ ‘mc Dmfkhrg k‘mft‘fdr+ d‘bg sdws adhmf dpt‘kkx ‘tsgdmshb-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 68
 ?MMCU 6
Sdws ne sgd Inhms CdbkWpWshnm
ZHrrtdc Edapt]px 18) 1.1.[
Inhms Cdbk]p]shnm adsvddm sgd Hrk]lhb Qdotakhb ne 9efg]mhrs]m ]mc
sgd Tmhsdc Rs]sdr ne 9ldphb] enp Aphmfhmf Od]bd sn 9efg]mhrs]m
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘ ldladq ne sgd
Tmhsdc M‘shnmr ‘mc qdbnfmhydc ax sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnlltmhsx ‘r ‘ rnudqdhfm rs‘sd tmcdq hmsdqm‘,
shnm‘k k‘v+ ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ne @ldqhb‘ ‘qd bnllhssdc
sn vnqjhmf snfdsgdq sn qd‘bg ‘ bnloqdgdmrhud ‘mc rtrs‘hm,
‘akd od‘bd ‘fqddldms sg‘s dmcr sgd v‘q hm @efg‘mhrs‘m enq
sgd admds ne ‘kk @efg‘mr ‘mc bnmsqhatsdr sn qdfhnm‘k rs‘ahkhsx
‘mc fkna‘k rdbtqhsx- @ bnloqdgdmrhud ‘mc rtrs‘hm‘akd od‘bd
‘fqddldms vhkk hmbktcd entq o‘qsr9 0( ft‘q‘msddr sn oqdudms
sgd trd ne @efg‘m rnhk ax ‘mx hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sdqqnqhrs fqntor
nq hmchuhct‘kr ‘f‘hmrs sgd rdbtqhsx ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc
hsr ‘kkhdr+ 1( ‘ shldkhmd enq sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne ‘kk T-R- ‘mc
Bn‘khshnm enqbdr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m+ 2( ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms
qdrtkshmf eqnl hmsq‘,@efg‘m ch‘knftd ‘mc mdfnsh‘shnmr ad,
svddm sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc ‘m hmbktrhud mdfnsh‘shmf sd‘l ne sgd
Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc 3( ‘ odql‘mdms ‘mc
bnloqdgdmrhud bd‘rdqd- drd entq o‘qsr ‘qd hmsdqqdk‘sdc
‘mc hmsdqcdodmcdms- Otqrths ne od‘bd ‘dq knmf xd‘qr ne
fgshmf qddbsr sgd fn‘k ne ‘kk o‘qshdr vgn rddj ‘ rnudqdhfm+
tmhdc @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘s od‘bd vhsg hsrdke ‘mc hsr mdhfganqr-
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
g‘ud o‘qsmdqdc bknrdkx rhmbd 1//0 sn qdronmc sn sgqd‘sr
sn hmsdqm‘shnm‘k od‘bd ‘mc rdbtqhsx ‘mc gdko sgd @efg‘m
odnokd bg‘qs ‘ rdbtqd+ cdlnbq‘shb ‘mc oqnrodqntr etstqd-
d svn bntmsqhdr ‘qd bnllhssdc sn sgdhq knmfrs‘mchmf
qdk‘shnmrgho ‘mc sgdhq hmudrsldmsr hm athkchmf sgd @efg‘m
hmrshstshnmr mdbdrr‘qx sn drs‘akhrg cdlnbq‘shb mnqlr+ oqnsdbs
‘mc oqdrdqud sgd tmhsx ne sgd bntmsqx+ ‘mc oqnlnsd rnbh‘k
‘mc dbnmnlhb ‘cu‘mbdldmsr ‘mc sgd qhfgsr ne bhshydmr- d
bnllhsldmsr rds nts gdqd ‘qd l‘cd onrrhakd ax sgdrd rg‘qdc
‘bghdudldmsr- @efg‘m ‘mc T-R- rdbtqhsx enqbdr rg‘qd ‘ rodbh‘k
anmc enqfdc ctqhmf l‘mx xd‘qr ne sqdldmcntr r‘bqhbd ‘mc
7, dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
bntq‘fd- d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd odnokd
ne @efg‘mhrs‘m qd‘ql sgdhq rtoonqs enq od‘bd ‘mc sgdhq
vhkkhmfmdrr sn mdfnsh‘sd ‘m dmc sn sghr v‘q-
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vdkbnldr sgd
Qdctbshnm hm Uhnkdmbd odqhnc ‘mc s‘jdr mnsd ne sgd T-R-,
S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms+ ‘m hlonqs‘ms rsdo snv‘qc dmchmf sgd v‘q-
d T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms o‘udr sgd v‘x enq hmsq‘,@efg‘m
mdfnsh‘shnmr nm ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms ‘mc ‘ odql‘mdms ‘mc
bnloqdgdmrhud bd‘rdqd- d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
qd‘qlr hsr qd‘chmdrr sn o‘qshbho‘sd hm rtbg mdfnsh‘shnmr ‘mc
hsr qd‘chmdrr sn bnmbktcd ‘ bd‘rdqd vhsg sgd S‘kha‘m-
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m etqsgdqlnqd qd‘qlr
hsr nmfnhmf bnllhsldms sn oqdudms ‘mx hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr+ hmbktchmf ‘k,P‘&hc‘ ‘mc
HRHR,J+ eqnl trhmf @efg‘m rnhk sn sgqd‘sdm sgd rdbtqhsx ne
sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr ‘mc nsgdq bntmsqhdr- Sn ‘bbdkdq‘sd
sgd otqrths ne od‘bd+ sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m
bnmqlr hsr rtoonqs enq sgd og‘rdc vhsgcq‘v‘k ne T-R- ‘mc
Bn‘khshnm enqbdr rtaidbs sn sgd S‘kha‘m&r etkkkldms ne hsr
bnllhsldmsr tmcdq sgd T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms ‘mc ‘mx
‘fqddldms qdrtkshmf eqnl hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr-
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
sgdqdenqd g‘ud l‘cd sgd enkknvhmf bnllhsldmsr9
O:PS NMD
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
qdbnfmhyd sg‘s ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ HRHR,J ‘mc nsgdq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr bnmshmtd sn trd @efg‘m rnhk
sn qdbqths ldladqr+ q‘hrd etmcr+ sq‘hm ‘cgdqdmsr ‘mc ok‘m
‘mc ‘ssdlos sn bnmctbs ‘ss‘bjr sg‘s sgqd‘sdm sgd rdbtqhsx
ne sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+ ‘mc @efg‘mhrs‘m- Sn ‘ccqdrr
sghr bnmshmthmf sdqqnqhrs sgqd‘s+ sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne
@efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk bnmshmtd sn s‘jd sgd
enkknvhmf rsdor sn cded‘s ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ hsr ‘kh‘sdr+ ‘mc nsgdq
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr9
0- d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m qd‘qlr hsr bnm,
shmtdc bnllhsldms mns sn bnnodq‘sd vhsg nq odqlhs
hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr sn qdbqths+
sq‘hm+ q‘hrd etmcr ’hmbktchmf sgqntfg sgd oqnctbshnm nq
chrsqhatshnm ne m‘qbnshbr(+ sq‘mrhs @efg‘mhrs‘m nq lhr,
trd hsr hmsdqm‘shnm‘kkx, qdbnfmhydc sq‘udk cnbtldmsr+
nq bnmctbs nsgdq rtoonqs ‘bshuhshdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+ ‘mc
vhkk mns gnrs sgdl-
1- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qd,‘qlr hsr bnllhsldmsr qdf‘qc,
hmf rtoonqs enq sgd @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr ‘mc nsgdq
fnudqmldms hmrshstshnmr+ hmbktchmf sgqntfg nmfnhmf
dnqsr sn dmg‘mbd sgd ‘ahkhsx ne @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr
sn cdsdq ‘mc qdronmc sn hmsdqm‘k ‘mc dwsdqm‘k sgqd‘sr+
bnmrhrsdms vhsg hsr bnllhsldmsr tmcdq dwhrshmf rdbt,
qhsx ‘fqddldmsr adsvddm sgd svn fnudqmldmsr- hr
bnllhsldms hmbktcdr rtoonqs sn @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqb,
dr sn oqdudms ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ HRHR,J+ ‘mc nsgdq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k
sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr eqnl trhmf @efg‘m rnhk
sn sgqd‘sdm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc hsr ‘kkhdr-
2- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qd,‘qlr hsr qd‘chmdrr sn bnmshmtd
sn bnmctbs lhkhs‘qx nodq‘shnmr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsg sgd
bnmrdms ne sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m hm nqcdq
sn chrqtos ‘mc cdfq‘cd dnqsr ax ‘k,P‘&hc‘+ HRHR,J+ ‘mc
nsgdq hmsdqm‘shnm‘k sdqqnqhrs fqntor nq hmchuhct‘kr sn
b‘qqx nts ‘ss‘bjr ‘f‘hmrs sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr nq hsr ‘kkhdr+
bnmrhrsdms vhsg hsr bnllhsldmsr tmcdq dwhrshmf rdbtqh,
sx ‘fqddldmsr adsvddm sgd svn fnudqmldmsr ‘mc vhsg
sgd dwhrshmf tmcdqrs‘mchmf sg‘s T-R- bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl
nodq‘shnmr ‘qd hmsdmcdc sn bnlokdldms ‘mc rtoonqs
@efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr& bntmsdqsdqqnqhrl nodq‘shnmr+
vhsg etkk qdrodbs enq @efg‘m rnudqdhfmsx ‘mc etkk qdf‘qc
enq sgd r‘edsx ‘mc rdbtqhsx ne sgd @efg‘m odnokd ‘mc
sgd oqnsdbshnm ne bhuhkh‘mr-
3- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr bnllhsr sn e‘bhkhs‘sd chrbtrrhnmr
adsvddm @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc O‘jhrs‘m sn vnqj nts ‘qq‘mfd,
ldmsr sn dmrtqd mdhsgdq bntmsqx&r rdbtqhsx hr sgqd‘sdmdc
ax ‘bshnmr eqnl sgd sdqqhsnqx ne sgd nsgdq rhcd-
O:PS SUN
d Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘mc sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr
g‘ud bnmrtksdc dwsdmrhudkx nm T-R- ‘mc Bn‘khshnm enqbd
kdudkr ‘mc sgd lhkhs‘qx ‘bshuhshdr qdpthqdc sn ‘bghdud sgd
enqdfnhmf bnllhsldmsr hmbktchmf sgqntfg rtoonqs sn
@efg‘m rdbtqhsx ‘mc cdedmrd enqbdr- Rtaidbs sn sgd S‘kha‘m&r
etkkkldms ne hsr bnllhsldmsr tmcdq sgd T-R-,S‘kha‘m
‘fqddldms+ sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd Tmhsdc
Rs‘sdr+ ‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm inhmskx ‘rrdrr sg‘s sgd btqqdms
kdudkr ne lhkhs‘qx enqbdr ‘qd mn knmfdq mdbdrr‘qx sn ‘bghdud
rdbtqhsx naidbshudr: rhmbd 1/03+ @efg‘m rdbtqhsx enqbdr g‘ud
addm hm sgd kd‘c enq oqnuhchmf rdbtqhsx ‘mc g‘ud hmbqd‘rdc
sgdhq ddbshudmdrr- @r rtbg+ sgd o‘qshdr bnllhs sn s‘jd sgd
enkknvhmf ld‘rtqdr9
0- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk qdctbd sgd mtladq ne T-R- lhkh,
s‘qx enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m sn 7+5// ‘mc hlokdldms nsgdq
bnllhsldmsr hm sgd T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms vhsghm 024
c‘xr ne sgd ‘mmntmbdldms ne sghr inhms cdbk‘q‘shnm ‘mc
sgd T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms+ ‘mc vhkk vnqj vhsg hsr ‘kkhdr
‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm sn qdctbd oqnonqshnm‘kkx sgd mtladq
ne Bn‘khshnm enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m nudq ‘m dpthu‘kdms
odqhnc+ rtaidbs sn sgd S‘kha‘m&r etkkkldms ne hsr bnllhs,
ldmsr tmcdq sgd T-R-, S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms-
1- Bnmrhrsdms vhsg sgd inhms ‘rrdrrldms ‘mc cdsdqlh,
m‘shnm adsvddm sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc sgd Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ sgd Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr+ hsr ‘kkhdr+
‘mc sgd Bn‘khshnm vhkk bnlokdsd sgd vhsgcq‘v‘k ne sgdhq
qdl‘hmhmf enqbdr eqnl @efg‘mhrs‘m vhsghm 03 lnmsgr
enkknvhmf sgd ‘mmntmbdldms ne sghr inhms cdbk‘q‘shnm
‘mc sgd T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms+ ‘mc vhkk vhsgcq‘v
‘kk sgdhq enqbdr eqnl qdl‘hmhmf a‘rdr+ rtaidbs sn sgd
S‘kha‘m&r etkkkldms ne hsr bnllhsldmsr tmcdq sgd
T-R-,S‘kha‘m ‘fqddldms-
DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 70
 2- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr qd,‘qlr hsr bnllhsldms sn rddj
etmcr nm ‘ xd‘qkx a‘rhr sg‘s rtoonqs sgd sq‘hmhmf+
dpthoohmf+ ‘cuhrhmf ‘mc rtrs‘hmhmf ne @efg‘m rdbtqhsx
enqbdr+ rn sg‘s @efg‘mhrs‘m b‘m hmcdodmcdmskx rdbtqd
‘mc cdedmc hsrdke ‘f‘hmrs hmsdqm‘k ‘mc dwsdqm‘k sgqd‘sr-
3- Sn bqd‘sd sgd bnmchshnmr enq qd‘bghmf ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskd,
ldms ‘mc ‘bghduhmf ‘ odql‘mdms+ rtrs‘hm‘akd bd‘rdqd+
sgd Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk o‘qshbho‘sd hm ‘
T-R-,e‘bhkhs‘sdc chrbtrrhnm vhsg S‘kha‘m qdoqdrdms‘shudr
nm bnmcdmbd athkchmf ld‘rtqdr+ sn hmbktcd cdsdqlhm,
hmf sgd ed‘rhahkhsx ne qdkd‘rhmf rhfmhb‘ms mtladqr ne
oqhrnmdqr nm ansg rhcdr- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr ‘mc Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m vhkk rddj sgd ‘rrhrs‘mbd ne sgd
HBQB sn rtoonqs sghr chrbtrrhnm-
4- Vhsg sgd rs‘qs ne hmsq‘,@efg‘m mdfnsh‘shnmr+ sgd Hrk‘lhb
Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m bnllhsr sn rs‘qs choknl‘shb
dmf‘fdldms vhsg ldladqr ne sgd TM Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk
sn qdlnud ldladqr ne sgd S‘kha‘m eqnl sgd r‘mbshnmr
khrs vhsg sgd ‘hl ne ‘bghduhmf sghr naidbshud ax L‘x
18+ 1/1/+ ‘mc hm ‘mx b‘rd mn k‘sdq sg‘m 2/ c‘xr ‘dq
71 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps
m‘khyhmf ‘ eq‘ldvnqj ‘fqddldms ‘mc ‘ odql‘mdms
‘mc bnloqdgdmrhud bd‘rdqd-
O:PS SGPDD
0- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk qdptdrs sgd qdbnfmhshnm ‘mc
dmcnqrdldms ne sgd TM Rdbtqhsx Bntmbhk enq sghr
‘fqddldms ‘mc qdk‘sdc ‘qq‘mfdldmsr-
1- dTmhsdcRs‘sdr‘mcsgdHrk‘lhbQdotakhbne@efg‘mhrs‘m
‘qd bnllhssdc sn bnmshmtd onrhshud qdk‘shnmr+ hmbktchmf
dbnmnlhb bnnodq‘shnm enq qdbnmrsqtbshnm-
2- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk qdeq‘hm eqnl sgd sgqd‘s nq sgd
trd ne enqbd ‘f‘hmrs sgd sdqqhsnqh‘k hmsdfqhsx nq onkhshb‘k
hmcdodmcdmbd ne @efg‘mhrs‘m nq hmsdqudmhmf hm hsr
cnldrshb ‘‘hqr-
3- d Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr vhkk bnmshmtd sn vnqj sn athkc
qdfhnm‘k ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm‘k bnmrdmrtr sn rtoonqs sgd
nmfnhmf dnqs sn ‘bghdud ‘ onkhshb‘k rdsskdldms sn sgd
oqhmbho‘k bnmhbs hm @efg‘mhrs‘m-
Mnsdr

0- Rdd T-R- Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd+ 'Rs‘sdldms ax @bshmf Cdedmrd Rdbqds‘qx Bgqhrsnogdq Lhkkdq nm Enqbd Kdudkr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+• I‘mt‘qx 04+ 1/10+
vvv-cdedmrd-fnu.Mdvrqnnl.Qdkd‘rdr.Qdkd‘rd.@qshbkd.1362226.rs‘sdldms,ax,‘bshmf,cdedmrd,rdbqds‘qx,bgqhrsnogdq,lhkkdq,nm,enqbd,kdudkr,hm,‘ef-

1- Rdd Gnod Gncfd Rdbj+ 'Hm Ehqrs+ M@SN Enqbdr Mnv Ntsmtladq TR Enqbdr hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+• LhkhsYpx-bnl+ Cdbdladq 10+ 1/1/+ vvv-lhkhs‘qx-bnl
.c‘hkx,mdvr.1/1/.01.10.qrs,m‘sn,enqbdr,mnv,ntsmtladq,tr,sqnnor,‘efg‘mhrs‘m-gslk-

2- Rdd+ enq hmrs‘mbd+ Rhx‘q Rhq‘s+ 'Mnsghmf Hr @fqddc Tmshk Dudqxsghmf Hr @fqddc9 Jg‘khky‘c+• Snkn Mdvr+ I‘mt‘qx 15+ 1/08+ gssor9..snknmdvr-bnl
.‘efg‘mhrs‘m.jg‘khky‘c,r‘xr,_mnsghmf,‘fqddc,&,p‘s‘q-

3- Tmhsdc M‘shnmr+ 'Dkdudmsg Qdonqs ne sgd @m‘kxshb‘k Rtoonqs ‘mc R‘mbshnmr Lnmhsnqhmf Sd‘l Rtalhssdc Otqrt‘ms sn Qdrnktshnm 14/0 ’1/08(
Bnmbdqmhmf sgd S‘kha‘m ‘mc Nsgdq @rrnbh‘sdc Hmchuhct‘kr ‘mc Dmshshdr Bnmrshstshmf ‘ qd‘s sn sgd Od‘bd+ Rs‘ahkhsx ‘mc Rdbtqhsx ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+•
L‘x 16+ 1/1/+ R.1/1/.304+ vvv-rdbtqhsxbntmbhkqdonqs-nqf.‘se.be.$6A54AEBE8A,5C16,3D8B,7BC2,BE5D3EE85EE8$6C.rZ1/1/Z304Zd-oce-

4- Fqnrr cnldrshb qdudmtdr enq 1/07 ‘lntmsdc sn 1-5 ahkkhnm+ nq 02-1 odqbdms ne FCO”ats sghr sns‘k hmbktcdr sq‘mredqr sn sgd atcfds ne bdmsq‘k a‘mj
oqnsr ’o‘odq oqnsr fdmdq‘sdc ax cdoqdbh‘shnm ne sgd @efg‘mh(+ ‘mc nsgdq mnm,edd.oqns sq‘mredqr eqnl rs‘sd,nvmdc dmshshdr: mdhsgdq ‘qd qdkh‘akx
rtrs‘hm‘akd-

5- Nm sgd admdsr ne nm,atcfds ‘mc atcfds,‘bbntms‘akd ‘rrhrs‘mbd+ ‘mc ne trhmf 'bntmsqx rxrsdlr+• rdd+ enq dw‘lokd+ Lhbg‘dk B‘qm‘g‘m+ Vhkkh‘l
Ctqbg+ ‘mc Rbnss Fhklnqd+ 'Dbnmnlhb Hlo‘bs ne Od‘bdjddohmf9 Ehm‘k Qdonqs+• Od‘bd Chuhcdmc Sqtrs+ L‘qbg 1//5+ gssor9..athkchmfl‘qjdsr-nqf
.rhsdr.cde‘tks.kdr.dbnmnlhbZhlo‘bsZneZtmZod‘bdjddohmfZl‘qbgZ1//5-oce: Qhbg‘qc @- Anmsidq+ Idmmhedq O- Gnks+ ‘mc Rtr‘m @mfkd+ 'Rodmchmf sgd
Cdudknoldms Cnkk‘q Svhbd9 d Knb‘k Dbnmnlhb Hlo‘bs ne Oqnbtqdldms hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+• Od‘bd Chuhcdmc Sqtrs+ Itkx 1//8+ vvv-athkchmfl‘qjdsr
-nqf.rhsdr.cde‘tks.kdr.oclZqdonqsr.ocsZrodmchmfZcduZsvhbdZqdonqsZ/6/8-oce: ‘mc K‘tqdmbd Bg‘mcqx+ Aqhm‘ Rdhcdk+ ‘mc Bgqhrshmd Y‘mf+ '@hc
Ddbshudmdrr hm Eq‘fhkd Rs‘sdr9 Gnv A‘c Hr Hs ‘mc Gnv B‘m Hs Hloqnud=+• Aqnnjhmfr Hmrshstshnm+ Cdbdladq 1/05+ vvv-aqnnjhmfr-dct.qdrd‘qbg
.‘hc,ddbshudmdrr,hm,eq‘fhkd,rs‘sdr-

6- Enq sgd sdws ne sgd @efg‘mhrs‘m O‘qsmdqrgho Eq‘ldvnqj+ rdd gssor9..tl-.cnbtldmsr.24621./.@efg‘mhrs‘m)O‘qsmdqrgho)Eq‘ldvnqj)1/1/-oce

.5764a88c,/112,a4d0,25/c,50331/‘e1‘8/=s;05/5016118138-

7- Rdd Ahkk Axqc+ 'BNUHC,08 hm @efg‘mhrs‘m ’7(9 d Onkhshb‘k Dbnmnlx Qdodqbtrrhnmr ne BNUHC,08 ‘mc sgd @hc Qdronmrd+• @efg‘mhrs‘m @m‘kxrsr
Mdsvnqj+ vvv-‘efg‘mhrs‘m,‘m‘kxrsr-nqf.dm.qdonqsr.dbnmnlx,cdudknoldms,dmuhqnmldms.bnuhc,08,hm,‘efg‘mhrs‘m,7,sgd,onkhshb‘k,dbnmnlx
,qdodqbtrrhnmr,ne,bnuhc,08,‘mc,sgd,‘hc,qdronmrd-

8- Rdd T-R- Lhrrhnm sn Hmsdqm‘shnm‘k Nqf‘mhy‘shnmr+ 'T-R- Qdhmenqbdr Bnllhsldms sn Rdbtqd+ Rs‘akd+ Cdlnbq‘shb+ ‘mc Rdke,Qdkh‘ms @efg‘mhrs‘m ‘s 1/1/
Bnmedqdmbd+• Mnudladq 13+ 1/1/+ gssor9..fdmdu‘-trlhrrhnm-fnu.1/1/.00.14.tr,qdhmenqbdr,bnllhsldms,sn,rdbtqd,rs‘akd,cdlnbq‘shb,‘mc,rdke
,qdkh‘ms,‘efg‘mhrs‘m,‘s,1/1/,bnmedqdmbd-

0/- Rnld ftqdr rtookhdc ax @efg‘m nbh‘kr: nsgdq ftqdr eqnl Adkpthr @gl‘ch+ '@efg‘mhrs‘m S‘kjr9 Mn Vnldm+ Mn Od‘bd+• Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Hmrshstsd ne
Od‘bd+ L‘qbg 0+ 1/08+ vvv-trho-nqf.otakhb‘shnmr.1/08./2.‘efg‘mhrs‘m,s‘kjr,mn,vnldm,mn,od‘bd-

00- Hrk‘lhb Qdotakhb ne @efg‘mhrs‘m+ M‘shnm‘k Rs‘shrshbr ‘mc Hmenql‘shnm @tsgnqhsx+ :efgYmhrsYm RsYshrshbYk WdYpannj9 1.02,08 ’J‘atk9 MRH@+ Itkx 1/08(+
gssor9..vvv-mrh‘-fnu-‘e97/7/.vo,bnmsdms.tokn‘cr.1/08.00.@efg‘mhrs‘m,Rs‘shrshb‘k,Wd‘qannj,1/07,08-oce-

01- M‘shnm‘k Rs‘shrshbr ‘mc Hmenql‘shnm @tsgnqhsx+ :efgYmhrsYm RsYshrshbYk WdYpannj-

02- @gl‘ch+ '@efg‘mhrs‘m S‘kjr-•

03- Bdmsq‘k Hmsdkkhfdmbd @fdmbx+ Unpkc EYbsannj+ gssor9..vvv-bh‘-fnu.sgd,vnqkc,e‘bsannj.bntmsqhdr.‘efg‘mhrs‘m-

04- M‘shnm‘k Rs‘shrshbr ‘mc Hmenql‘shnm @tsgnqhsx+ :efgYmhrsYm RsYshrshbYk WdYpannj-

05- Nbd ne sgd Rdbqds‘qx ne Cdedmrd+ 'Itrshb‘shnm enq EW 1/07 Nudqrd‘r Bnmshmfdmbx Nodq‘shnmr ’NBN( @efg‘mhrs‘m Rdbtqhsx Enqbdr Etmc ’@REE(+•
L‘x 1/06+ gssor9..bnlosqnkkdq-cdedmrd-fnu.Onqs‘kr.34.Cnbtldmsr.cdètcfds.ex1/07.EW07Z@REEZI,Annj-oce-

06- @rh‘ Entmc‘shnm+ : Rtpudx ne sgd :efgYm Odnokd9 :efgYmhrsYm hm 1.08 ’R‘m Eq‘mbhrbn9 Cdbdladq 1/08(+ vvv-‘rh‘entmc‘shnm-nqf.vo,bnmsdms
.tokn‘cr.1/08.01.1/08Z@efg‘mZRtqudxZEtkk,Qdonqs-oce-

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 72

 07- Rodbh‘k Hmrodbsnq Fdmdq‘k enq @efg‘mhrs‘m Qdbnmrsqtbshnm+ Qdbnmrsptbshmf sgd :efgYm MYshnmYk Cdedmrd Ymc Rdbtphsx Enpbdr9 Kdrrnmr epnl sgd T-R-
Dwodphdmbd hm :efgYmhrsYm ’V‘rghmfsnm+ C-B-9 Rdosdladq 1/06(+ vvv-rhf‘q-lhk.oce.kdrrnmrkd‘qmdc.RHF@Q,06,51,KK-oce-

08- T-R- Cdo‘qsldms ne Cdedmrd+ 'Dmg‘mbhmf Rdbtqhsx hm Rs‘ahkhsx hm @efg‘mhrs‘m+• Qdonqs sn Bnmfqdrr+ Itmd 1/1/+ gssor9..ldch‘-cdedmrd-fnu.1/1/
.Itk./0.1//1237//0.,0.,0.0.DMG@MBHMFZRDBTQHSWZ@MCZRS@AHKHSWZHMZ@EFG@MHRS@M-OCE-

1/- Vnqkc Hmsdfq‘sdc Sq‘cd Rnktshnm vdarhsd+ gssor9..vhsr-vnqkca‘mj-nqf.bntmsqxrm‘orgns.dm.@EF-

10- T-R- Rs‘sd Cdo‘qsldms+ 'Tmhsdc Rs‘sdr Rsq‘sdfx sn Oqdudms Bnmhbs ‘mc Oqnlnsd Rs‘ahkhsx+• Cdbdladq 1/1/+ 1+ vvv-rs‘sd-fnu.vo,bnmsdms.tokn‘cr
.1/1/.01.tr,rsq‘sdfx,sn,oqdudms,bnmhbs,‘mc,oqnlnsd,rs‘ahkhsx-oce-

11- Snah‘r G‘ptd ‘mc Mhfdk Qnadqsr+ '@efg‘mhrs‘m&r @hc Qdpthqdldmsr9 Gnv Ltbg @hc Hr Qdpthqdc sn L‘hms‘hm ‘ Rs‘akd Rs‘sd=+• Nudqrd‘r Cdudknoldms
Hmrshstsd+ Nbsnadq 1/1/+ 00+ gssor9..k3o-nch-nqf.‘rrdsr.hl‘fdr.NCH,K3O,@efg‘mhrs‘m,‘hc,qdpthqdldmsr,G‘ptd,‘mc,Qnadqsr,1/1/-oce-

73 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps

DhmXi Pdonps z dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto 2
 Pigle McPbc Mnoogakc

12/0 Bnmrshstshnm @udmtd MV

V‘rghmfsnm+ CB 1//26
1/1-346-06//
vvv-TRHO-nqf
3 dfgSihrsSi Gstau Apnto z DhmXi Pdonps