!"#$%"&#'("&) *(+%"&) (, -.')(/(0.1 &"2 3.

$()(41

!5567 89:;<8=8> ?-%'"#@ 89:;<8==A ?B")'"$@ *(+%"&) .(C$0&4$7 .##0/7DDEEEF#&"2,(")'"$FG(CD)('D%H0#8I

-'$%%$ J)(//(E/K' %$&2/ 5&2$ #.$()(4'G&))1F

L(2$%"'#1 &"2 /&)M&#'("

N(2$ N&+E&$%#

3( G'#$ #.'/ &%#'G)$7 !"#$ !%&'%$() *+,-./ 01$(($ 23"44"'451 ($%#4 6%#$ )7$"3"819%33:;
<"#$(=1): %=# 4%3>%)1"=? @=)$(=%)1"=%3 A"&(=%3 "B 0713"4"C7: %=# D7$"3"8:? EFG.? -EFH-I+? JK@G
-,;-,I,L+-MN+.+E;+,-.;I+.EE.

3( )'"K #( #.'/ &%#'G)$7 4//5(677-+.9+&@7A?9A?B?7>ACD>E>F9>?AE9B>EFFE

G"3#.(4%- +,#.,%6 ?B H"@ >?AE9

I"3'./ J+"& 1&/.2#% /+ /4.( :+"&,1#

H&/.2#% K.%8(6 AB?

L.%8 &%#1/%- 1&/.2#%(

!"## $%&'( ) *+,-./.+,( +0 122%(( 1,- "(% 21, 3% 0+",- 1/

4//5(6778889/1,-0+,#.,%92+'712/.+,7:+"&,1#;,0+&'1/.+,<:+"&,1#*+-%=&:5/>?
HmsdqmWshnmWk IntqmWkne Oghknrnogx Wmc Sgdnknfx*1/02
Unk-63*Mn-2*063“071*gsso9..cw-cnh-nqf.0/-0/7/.10581216-1/02-712662

Nhdppd IknrrnvrihpdVcr PVcd sgdnknfhbVkkw Kncdpmhsw Vmc rVkuVshnm

Kncd K]tv]dqs)

Fnfdq Hmrshstts unnq Vhiradfddqsd)JT Kdtudm)Kdtudm)Adkfhtl

!Pdbdhudc 04 Cdbdladq 1.00: ehmWk udqrhnm qdbdhudc 12 Mnudladq 1.01(

Hm sghr ]qshbkd sgd ]tsgnqchrbtrrdr Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh r ehqrs]mc rdbnmc hmsdqoqds]shnm ne

sgd mnudkr neL]qpthr cd R]cd-Hshr nesdm rsqdrrdc sg]ssgdqd hr ] ahf cheedqdmbd adsvddm
sgdrd hmsdqoqds]shnmr9sgd ehqrshmsdqoqdsr R]cd eqnl ] sgdnknfhb]kodqrodbshud:sgd rdbnmc
otsr sg]s R]cd hr ]m dwonmdms ne lncdqmhsx- Nmd b]m gnvdudq ]qftd sg]s ]krn
Jknrrnvrjh r ehqrssgdnknfhb]kqd]chmf hmsdqoqdsr R]cd ]r ] oqnctbsnelncdqm sghmjhmf-
Idwvnpcr5Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh: L]qpthr cd R]cd: sgdnknfx: lncdqmhsx

. Gmspnctbshnm
@esdq sgd Rdbnmc Vnqkc V]q* l]mx Eqdmbg oghknrnogdqr vqnsd ]ants sgd mnudkr ne
Cnm]shdm,@kognmrd,Eq]m©nhr cd R]cd- R]cd r vqhshmfr ]qd hmsdqoqdsdc ax Fdnqfdr
A]s]hkkd* L]tqhbd Ak]mbgns* Rhlnmd cd Ad]tunhq* Pnk]mc A]qsgdr* Fhkkdr Cdkdtyd* ]mc
I]bptdr K]b]m ]r vdkk ]r Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh- Sgd k]ssdq r bnkkdbshnm ne drr]xr* RWcd Lx
Mdhfganq)]ood]qdc enq sgd ehqrs shld hm 0836- Hm ]cchshnm sn sgqdd ]oodmchbdr* sghr annj
]krn hmbktcdr ehud qd,otakhrgdc sdwsr-Sgd bdmsq]ksgdrhr ne sghr bnkkdbshnm ne ]qshbkdr hr sg]s
R]cd r ndtuqd rgntkc ad qd]c eqnl ] sgdnknfhb]konhmsne uhdv-Enq dw]lokd*Jknrrnvrjh
]rrnbh]sdr R]cd vhsg Fmnrshbhrl ]mc ]qftdr sg]s r]cd]m dminxldms hr ]m dw]lokd ne sgd
rbgnk]rshb dwoqdrrhnm cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW-Jknrrnvrjh]krn bk]hlr sg]sR]cd r oghknrnogx ne
m]stqd rgntkc ad tmcdqrsnnc ]r ] cnbsqhmd ne r]ku]shnm-0 Sghr jhmc ne sgdnknfhb]kqd]chmf
neR]cd hr rtqoqhrhmf-@esdq ]kk*hrm sR]cd r vnqj qdmnvmdc enq hsr mtldqntr ak]rogdlntr
o]rr]fdr; Gnv rgntkc vd qdbnmbhkd Jknrrnvrjh r qd]chmf vhsg sgd l]mx rb]snknfhb]k]mc
dqnshb rbdmdr sg]sR]cd cdohbsr; @ksgntfg Jknrrnvrjh r hmsdqoqds]shnm hr qdl]qj]akd*khsskd
]ssdmshnm hr o]hc sn hs hm rdbnmc]qx khsdq]stqd-1 Hm sghr ]qshbkd H ghfgkhfgs Jknrrnvrjh r
sgdnknfhb]kqd]chmf neR]cd-Hm sgd ehqrs]mc rdbnmc rdbshnm*Hchrbtrr svn ]rodbsr neR]cd r
vnqj* drodbh]kkx sgd oghknrnoghb]k bnlonmdmsr ]mc fqtdrnld rbdmdr* ansg ne vghbg
qdekdbs sgd r]ld sgdnknfhb]k sgdld- Ehm]kkx* H vhkk cdudkno sgd sgdrhr sg]s r]chrshb dminx,
ldms hr ] jhmc ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW-
Hm 0856* RWcd Lx Mdhfganq v]r qdhrrtdc- Rdudq]k dwbdqosr eqnl sgd dchshnm “
otakhrgdc 1/ xd]qr d]qkhdq “ ]qd dhsgdq nlhssdc nq qdvnqjdc ]mc Sgd Oghknrnogdq,UhkkWhm
hr ]ccdc-Hm sghr drr]x*Jknrrnvrjhcdedmcr sgd sgdrhr sg]sR]cd etkkx ]rrtldr sgd cd]sg ne
Fnc* vgn* hm sgd bk]rrhb]k vnqkc* v]r sgd ]arnktsd ft]q]msnq ne qd]khsx ]mc hsr qdrtkshmf
fqntmckdrrmdrr- Hm rtoonqs ne sghr sgdrhr* Jknrrnvrjh qdkhdr nm sgd tmlnshu]sdc ]mc
ro]rlnchb bg]q]bsdq ne sgd khadqshmdr ]bsr- Jknrrnvrjh tmcdqrs]mcr sgd k]ssdq ]r dwoqdr,
rhnmr ne sgd ekthc m]stqd ne qd]khsx vghbg dldqfdr ]esdq Fnc r cd]sg- R]cd* Jknrrnvrjh
vqhsdr hm 0856* hr ]m dwonmdms ne lncdqmhsx adb]trd gd cdrsqnxr dudqx qdedqdmbd sn ]
qdkhfhntr fqntmc ]mc cndr mns bnmbd]k sgd ro]bd kdes adghmc ]esdq Fnc r cd]sg-2 @s ehqrs

)Dl]hk9 Kncd-K]tv]dqs?ghv-jtkdtudm-ad

z 1/02 Hmsdqm]shnm]k Intqm]k ne Oghknrnogx ]mc Sgdnknfx

 HmsdqmWshnmWkIntqmWk ne Oghknrnogx Wmc Sgdnknfx 064

fk]mbd*sghr qd]chmf bnmsq]rsr vhsg Jknrrnvrjh r qd]chmf ne1/ xd]qr d]qkhdq-Hm sgd OqdeWbd*
vghbg gd vqnsd enqsgd mdv dchshnm*Jknrrnvrjhghlrdkedlog]rhydr sgd aqd]j adsvddm ghr
svn qd]chmfr- Gd rs]sdr9 ‘Ok]bdc ehqrs hm sghr mdv dchshnm ne ]m nkcdq vnqj* WSgd
Oghknrnogdq,UhkkWhm r[ s]rj hr mns nmkx sn mnsd qduhrhnmr ne sgd ]tsgnq r ehqrs bnmbdoshnm
ats ]krn* he onrrhakd* sn ehkk ] rdqhntr k]btm]-–3 Lnrs ne Jknrrnvrjh r hmsdqoqdsdqr ]krn
tmcdqkhmd sgd chrshmbshnm adsvddm ghr ehqrs*sgdnknfhb]k*]mc lncdqm ],sgdnknfhb]k qd]chmf
ne L]qpthr cd R]cd-
Hm sghr ]qshbkd H ]qftd sg]ssgd chrbqdo]mbx adsvddm Jknrrnvrjh r svn hmsdqoqds]shnmr hr
mns ]r fqd]s ]r hs hr nesdm ]rrtldc- Lx ]qftldms hr a]rdc nm sgd bnmbdosr ne ’ hlonrrh,
ahkhsx ]mc ’ ],sdkdnknfx- Sghr ]ooqn]bg dms]hkr sgd cdlnmrsq]shnm ne ] etqsgdq sgdrhr9 sg]s
sgd sqho]qshsd chrbtrrhnm ne Jknrrnvrjh r sgdnknfhb]k qd]chmf ne cd R]cd hr hmrohqdc ax
lncdqmhsx- Sgd rsqtbstqd ne sgd drr]x hr ]r enkknvr9 hm sgd ehqrs ]mc rdbnmc o]qsr* H vhkk
]qftd sg]s Jknrrnvrjh r bk]rrhb]k sgdnknfhb]k qd]chmf ne R]cd r oghknrnoghb]k bk]hlr ]mc
sgd lhrsqd]sldms ne uhqfhmr hm ghr k]sdq vnqjr hr ] lncdqm hmsdqoqds]shnm ne R]cd: hm sgd
ehm]k rdbshnm* H vhkk cdedmc sgd sgdrhr sg]s dudm Jknrrnvrjh r ehqrs sgdnknfhb]k qd]chmf ne
r]chrshb dminxldms hr lncdqm-

1 Nghknrnogw ne mVstpd Vmc Cmnrshbhrl

Hm sgd rdbnmc drr]x eqnl RWcd Lx Mdhfganq* ’ Ntskhmd ne R]cd r Rxrsdl* Jknrrnvrjh
sgnqntfgkx chrbtrrdr sgd bdmsq]k oghknrnoghb]k o]rr]fdr hm R]cd r vnqj-4 Hm sgdrd o]r,
r]fdr* R]cd oqdrdmsr ghr oghknrnogx ne m]stqd vghbg hr* khjd sg]s ne ghr bnmsdlonq]qhdr
rtbg ]r O]tk Gdmqh Sghqx Gnka]bg* a]rdc nm sgd chrshmbshnm adsvddm l]ssdq ]mc enqbd-5
@bbnqchmf sn R]cd*sgd tmhudqrd bnmrhrsr ne]m hmehmhsd ]lntmsnel]ssdq*vghbg hr aqntfgs
sn khed ax m]stqd r enqbd- Khed hr ]m dwoqdrrhnm ne onvdq hm l]ssdq ]mc sgd dmckdrr
qdoqnctbshnm ne khed hr sgd dl]m]shnm ne ] fdmdqntr enqbd sg]shr bnmshmtntrkx adptd]sgdc
sn l]ssdq-Gnvdudq*sghr cndr mnsld]m sg]sm]stqd hr hmsdqdrsdc hm sgd vdkkadhmf nehsr nvm
oqnctbsr-Enq R]cd*]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*m]stqd hr hmcheedqdms vhsg qdf]qc sn gtl]m
ok]mr ]mc ]lahshnmr-Vg]shr ]ookhb]akd sn khed ]krn hr sqtd enq cd]sg-Hm sghr bnmsdws*R]cd
vqhsdr9 ’ Vg]s cheedqdmbd vntkc hs l]jd sn gdq vdqd sgd q]bd ne ldm dmshqdkx sn ad
dwshmfthrgdc tonm d]qsg*]mmhghk]sdc Rgd k]tfgr ]sntqoqhcd vgdm vd odqrt]cd ntqrdkudr
]kk vntkc ad nudq ]mc cnmd vhsg vdqd sghr lhrenqstmd sn nbbtq 6 @bbnqchmf sn
Jknrrnvrjh* sghr ’ ]o]sgdshb qdk]shnm adsvddm m]stqd ]mc gtl]m khed g]r rnld cddodq
qnnsr-Vg]scndr gd ld]m ax sghr;
R]cd tmcdqrs]mcr m]stqd ]r ] btqqdmsneenqbd ]hldc ]ssgd fqd]sdrsonrrhakd oqnctbshnm
ne khed-Sgd bnmrdptdmbd ne sghr tmcdqrs]mchmf hr sgd sdmrhnm adsvddm m]stqd ]mc l]m ]r
hsr oqnctbs-Sghr sdmrhnm hr ctd sn sgd gtl]m b]o]bhsx enqqdoqnctbshnm-Jknrrnvrjhvqhsdr9
’ Ax ltkshokxhmf* l]m* enkknvhmf ] k]v hmgdqdms nmkx hm ghl* cndr cdbhcdc g]ql sn sgd
m]stq]k ogdmnldm] sg]s ]qd vhsghm M]stqd r b]o]bhsx- 7 @ gtl]m trdr sgd dmdqfx sg]s
m]stqd g]r fhudm ghl oqnctbshudkx ]esdq gd hr anqm- Hm cnhmf rn* gd cdbqd]rdr m]stqd r
oqnctbshud onsdmsh]k- Hm nsgdq vnqcr* l]m r oqnctbshud b]o]bhshdr gnkc a]bj sgd nudq]kk
cdudknoldms ne m]stqd r onvdq* sgtr bqd]shmf ] qhu]kqx adsvddm l]m r oqnctbshuhsx ]mc
m]stqd r-@bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*cdrsqtbshnm* vghbg hr bdmsq]k hm sgd r]chrshb tmhudqrd*
rgntkc ad tmcdqrsnnc eqnl sghr odqrodbshud- Gd vqhsdr9 ’ W”[ M]stqd rddjr sgtr sn
qdbtodq]sd enqbdr ax eqnl shld sn shld l]jhmf vgnkd onotk]shnmr odqhrg sgqntfg chrd]rd*
b]s]bkxrlr*v]q*chrbnqc W”[ 8
Sgd bntmskdrr cdrsqtbshud ]bsr ]qd sgd vnqj ne m]stqd sqxhmf sn qdf]hm hsr oqnctbshud
b]o]bhshdr- Sghr ld]mr sg]s cdrsqtbshnm adknmfr sn sgd drrdmbd ne m]stqd* vghbg fndr
]f]hmrs sgd uhdv sg]s hs hr ] otqdkx bqd]shud enqbd- Hm R]cd vd qd]c9 ’ Cdrsqtbshnm* gdmbd*
065 K-KWtvWdqs

khjd bqd]shnm*hr nmd ne M]stqd r l]mc]sdr- 0/ Lnqdnudq*]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*R]cd r

m]stqd hr tkshl]sdkx ]hldc ]s eqddhmf hsrdke eqnl hsr anmc]fd sn khed ]mc hsr bqd]shud
b]o]bhshdr- Sghr ld]mr sg]s m]stqd r ehm]k fn]k hr sgd vqdrshmf ne hsr enqbdr eqnl sgd
bktsbgdr ne khed- Hm rtll]qx* Jknrrnvrjh r hmsdqoqds]shnm hmsqnctbdr sgd hl]fd ne m]stqd
]r ] sdkdnknfhb]k enqbd sg]s ]rohqdr sn chrhmb]qm]shnm* h-d- sgd cds]bgldms ne onvdq eqnl
l]ssdq-
Jknrrnvrjhqdod]sdckx khmjr sghr oghknrnogx ne m]stqd sn Fmnrshbhrl-00 Hm sgd rdbnmc,
]qx khsdq]stqd*sghr sdql g]r rdudq]k ld]mhmfr-01 Nm sgd nmd g]mc*Fmnrshbhrl qdedqr sn ]
o]f]m sq]chshnm hm k]sd ]mshpthsx vghbg g]r mn khmj sn Bgqhrsh]mhsx-Nm sgd nsgdq g]mc*sghr
sdql ]krn qdedqr sn sgd qdkhfhntr lnudldms vghbg ]qnrd*enq dw]lokd* hm Rxqh] ]mc @rh]-
Sgdrd fmnrshbr rnnm b]ld hmsn bnms]bsvhsg sgd Bgqhrsh]m cnbsqhmd vghbg sgdx sgnqntfgkx
qdhmsdqoqdsdc- Sgdrd Bgqhrsh]m fmnrshbr sq]udkdc sn Hs]kx r cdb]cdms b]ohs]k vgdqd sgdx
]ssq]bsdc l]mx enkknvdqr sg]mjr sn sgd rohqhst]k onudqsx ne hsr hmg]ahs]msr- Sgd Bgtqbg
cdmntmbdc sgd fmnrshbr* gnvdudq* nm sgd a]rhr ne sgdhq hmsdqoqds]shnmr ne qdkhfhntr sdwsr
]mc sgdhq sgqd]s sn sgd dbbkdrh]rshb]k ]tsgnqhsx- Vgdm Jknrrnvrjh ]rrnbh]sdr R]cd vhsg
Fmnrshbhrl* gd qdedqr sn sgd Bgqhrsh]m u]qh]ms sgdqdne* bg]lohnmdc ax A]rhkhcdr*
U]kdmshmtr* ]mc L]qbhnm- Vg]s hr Jknrrnvrjh rtffdrshmf vgdm gd ]rrnbh]sdr
Fmnrshbhrl vhsg R]cd r oghknrnogx ne m]stqd;
Fmnrshb bnrlnknfx*vghbg cd]kr vhsg Fnc r qnkd hm qdk]shnm sn duhk*cdudknodc ntsne]
bnmeqnms]shnm vhsg sgd rteedqhmf ]mc lhrdqx hm sgd vnqkc-Cdrohsd sgd ltst]kcheedqdmbdr hm
sgdhq rodbtk]shud vnqkcuhdvr* ]kk Fmnrshb bnrlnknfhdr mdudqsgdkdrr rg]qd bdqs]hm bg]q]b,
sdqhrshbr-@kk fmnrshbr oqnonrd ]m dogdldq]k cdhsx vgn hr mdhsgdq fnnc mnq duhk ]mc vgn
drb]odr gtl]m qd]rnm- Sghr cdhsx l]mhedrsr ghlrdke hm 2/ dnmr nq dl]m]shnmr* d]bg ne
vghbg hr vd]jdq sg]m sgd k]rs-Snfdsgdq vhsg sgd cdhsx*sgdrd dnmr enql sgd okdqnl] nq sgd
chuhmd vnqkc-Sgd gtl]m vnqkc hr mns] oqnctbsne sgd cdhsx atsne ] Fnc,bqd]snq vgn hr
knb]sdc rnldvgdqd adsvddm sgd chuhmd vnqkc ]mc sgd gtl]m vnqkc-Gnvdudq*sghr bqd]snq
hr mns]akd sn bqd]sd sgd qd]khsx nm hsr nvm-Gd hr nmkx ]akd sn cn rn ]esdq] bnrlhb dqqnqg]r
nbbtqqdc-Sghr dqqnq*vghbg bnqqdronmcr sn ’ sgd e]kk* v]r sg]sRnogh]*sgd k]rsdl]m]shnm*
]rohqdc sn jmnvkdcfd ne sgd tmjmnv]akd cdhsx- Sgd bnmrdptdmbd ne sghr oqhcd v]r sg]s
Rnogh] edkkntsnee]unq vhsg sgd cdhsx ]mc v]r sgdm qdlnudc eqnl sgd okdqnl]-Sgd Fnc,
bqd]snq sgdm l]cd qd]khsx ax lhwhmf l]ssdq vhsg sgd e]kkdm k]rs dl]m]shnm-
Svn ]rodbsr ne sghr Fmnrshb bnrlnknfx ]qd hlonqs]msenq Jknrrnvrjh r ]qftldms-Nm
sgd nmd g]mc*sgd e]kknesgd dnm eqnl sgd chuhmd rogdqd dwoqdrrdr sgd hcd] sg]sqd]khsx hr ]m
hlotqd ]mshoncd ne sgd okdqnl]- @bbnqchmf sn sgd fmnrshbr*sgd rteedqhmf hm sgd vnqkc hr
qnnsdc hm ] lds]ogxrhb]krteedqhmf9sgd rteedqhmf sg]ssgd chuhmhsx edksvgdm hsedkkhmsn sgd
l]sdqh]kvnqkc-Sghr uhdv hr a]rdc nm ]m nmsnknfhb]kct]khrl sg]sdpt]sdr l]ssdq vhsg sgd
hlotqd ]mc sgd chuhmd vhsg sgd otqd-Nm sgd nsgdq g]mc*sgd Fmnrshb lxsg dwoqdrrdr sgd
hcd] sg]ssgd chuhmd edqshkhydr l]m cdrohsd ghr bnmcdlm]shnm-Enq l]m sn ad ]v]qd ne sghr
edqshkhy]shnm* l]m mddcr sgd gdko ne Idrtr* ] mnm,ogxrhb]k enql ne sgd dnm Knfnr vgn
cdrbdmcdc sn d]qsg-Hshr nmkx vgdm l]m adbnldr ]v]qd nesghr chuhmd nqhfhm ]mc adfhmr sn
khud hm ]bbnqc]mbd vhsg hs sg]s gd b]m ad r]udc- Sn khud hm ]bbnqc]mbd vhsg ghr chuhmd
nqhfhm*l]m ltrs]cnos] qhfnqntr ]rbdshbhrl ]mc chrs]mbd ghlrdke eqnl c]hkx ]mc d]qsgkx
vnqqhdr-Hm rgnqs*sgd Fmnrshb ltrs cdrsqnx vgn gd hr ]mc vg]s gd g]r ]kv]xr addm-
Sgd mnshnm ne ’ r]ku]shnm hr trdc hm u]qhntr bnmsdwsr- Vgdm Jknrrnvrjh qdedqr sn
r]ku]shnm gd cndr mns trd hs sn ld]m rnldsghmf onkhshb]k nq orxbgnknfhb]k* ats q]sgdq
rnldsghmf sgdnknfhb]k- Gnvdudq* gd cndr mns trd sgd m]qqnv ld]mhmf ne r]ku]shnm eqnl
sgd Nkc Sdrs]ldms*vghbg v]r khlhsdc sn gd]khmf adkhdudqr hm udqx rodbhehb bhqbtlrs]mbdr
khjd rhbjmdrr ]mc rk]udqx- Enq Jknrrnvrjh* r]ku]shnm g]r sgd cddodq ld]mhmf ne WonjW,
sWrsWrhr-Sghr sgdnknfhb]k mnshnm ld]mr sgd qdstqm sn nq sgd qdrsnq]shnm ne ] lds]ogxrhb]k
 HmsdqmWshnmWkIntqmWk ne Oghknrnogx Wmc Sgdnknfx 066

rs]sd bnms]lhm]sdc ax dwsdqm]ke]bsnqr-@bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*sgd sqh]c ’ nqhfhm,cdb]x,

qdbnudqx bg]q]bsdqhydr ansg R]cd r chrrdqs]shnmr ]mc Fmnrshbhrl- ’ Tmcdq sgd l]rj ne
@sgdhrl* vghbg hr sgd shskd ne sgd sghqc drr]x hm RWcd Lx Mdhfganq* khdr ] cnbsqhmd ne
r]ku]shnm-Lnqdnudq*sgd Fmnrshb vnqkcuhdv ]mc R]cd r oghknrnogx ne m]stqd ]qd rhlhk]q
eqnl sgd onhmsne uhdv ne bnmsdms-Sgd ehqrsrhlhk]qhsx hr sg]ssgdx ansg uhdv sgd vnqkc ]r
]m dwoqdrrhnm ne cdb]x ]mc mns] oqnctbsne Fnc r fdmdqntr knud*]r hshr hm Bgqhrsh]mhsx-
Ansg sgd fmnrshbr ]mc R]cd tmcdqrs]mc ogxrhb]k qd]khsx ]r ] cdehkdldms ne sgd otqhsx ne
ansg chuhmd ]mc m]stq]k onvdq- Rdbnmc* ansg tmcdqrs]mc r]ku]shnm hm ] mdf]shud ]mc
onrhshud rdmrd- Hm R]cd* r]ku]shnm hr ]bghdudc sgqntfg sgd cdrsqtbshnm ne sgd oqnctbsr ne
m]stqd: sgd fmnrshb ]bghdudr r]ku]shnm ax vhsgcq]vhmf ghlrdke eqnl vnqkckx khed !mdf],
shud(- R]ku]shnm hm R]cd ld]mr sgd sns]k qdbnkkdbshnm ne m]stqd r onvdqr: hm Fmnrshbhrl*
l]m rsqhudr sn khud hm ]bbnqc]mbd vhsg sgd chuhmd nqhfhm !onrhshud(- Hm rtll]qx* sgd jdx
rhlhk]qhsx adsvddm r]chrl ]mc Fmnrshbhrl hr sg]sansg cdrhqd sgd qdstqm sn nqhfhm]kotqhsx*
vghbg sgdx dpt]sd vhsg ] rdudqhmf ne l]sdqh]k anmcr-
Sgdqd ]qd ]s kd]rs svn cheedqdmbdr adsvddm R]cd ]mc sgd fmnrshbr- Ehqrs* Jknrrnvrjh
rtffdrsr* sg]s enq m]stqd* tmkhjd enq Fmnrshbhrl* hs hr hlonrrhakd sn ]bghdud r]ku]shnm
]tsnmnlntrkx- Vghkd hm Bgqhrsh]mhsx* Idrtr bqtbhehwhnm r]udr l]mjhmc eqnl hsr rhmr* hm
R]cd*sgd khadqshmd r]udr m]stqd ax bnmshmtntrkx ltqcdqhmf sn cdrsqnx sgd hmehmhsd bxbkd ne
m]stqd- Sgd rdbnmc cheedqdmbd sg]s Jknrrnvrjh ldmshnmr hr lnqd hlonqs]ms enq lx
]qftldms- Gd rs]sdr9 ’ @mc vgdm M]stqd rdmcr enqsg fqd]s bqhlhm]kr nq fqd]s rbntqfdr
b]o]akd ne ]mmhghk]shmf sgnrd sgqdd jhmfcnlr* rgd bnllhsr nmkx ]mnsgdq ]bs ne hlon,
sdmbd- 02 Gnv rgntkc vd tmcdqrs]mc sghr;
Sgd bgdlhrs @kl]mh r shq]cd ]f]hmrs m]stqd hm Itkhdssd hr ]m ]bs ne hlonsdmbd- Sgd
r]chrshr mns]akd sn aqhmf ]antsq]chb]kcdrsqtbshnm ne l]ssdq adb]trd m]stqd vhkkbnmshmtd
sn qdkhmpthrg hsr onvdq ]mc oqnctbd khed-@ksgntfg m]stqd ]rohqdr sn sgd cdrsqtbshnm ne hsr
anmc vhsg l]ssdq* hs b]mmns eqdd hsrdke eqnl hsr nvm k]vr- Jknrrnvrjh r ]ssdmshnm sn sghr
hlonrrhahkhsx hr hlonqs]ms enq lx ]qshbkd- Hs ld]mr sg]s R]cd r tmhudqrd* ]bbnqchmf sn
Jknrrnvrjh* ]kqd]cx dwoqdrrdr sgd sxohb]k lncdqm hmrhfgs sg]s ]m tmldch]sdc ]bbdrr sn
sghmfr hr hlonrrhakd-R]cd r m]stqd hr mnshlldch]sdkx oqdrdmssn hsrdke:hsknrdr hsrdke hm hsr
dwoqdrrhnm-Hm rtll]qx*ax qdedqqhmf sn Fmnrshbhrl*Jknrrnvrjhhmchb]sdr sg]sR]cd hr ]m
dwsdmrhnm ne ] qdkhfhntr sq]chshnm hm vghbg sgd sdkdnknfhb]k*]mc sgdqdenqd bk]rrhb]k*cdrhqd
enq] knrs]mc hll]sdqh]kotqhsx hr bdmsq]k-@ssgd r]ld shld*Jknrrnvrjhonhmsr ntssg]ssgd
r]chrs “ tmkhjd sgd fmnrshb vgn* he gd hr chrbhokhmdc dmntfg* b]m qdkd]rd sgd chuhmd “
hqqdunb]akx jddor g]mfhmf hm sgd qtostqd vhsg sgd nqhfhm]k odqedbshnm- Jknrrnvrjh r
lncdqm sgdnknfhb]kqd]chmf neR]cd*sgdqdenqd*qdud]kr sgd oqnakdlr hmgdqdmshm sgd k]ssdq r
oqnidbs-

2 Shpfhmr Vmc etpw

Hm ntq btkstqd*sgd knrr ne uhqfhmhsx g]r ] rodbh]kld]mhmf-Sghr hr bkd]q eqnl sgd b]qd sg]s
vd s]jd hm bgnnrhmf sgd odqrnm vhsg vgnl ]mc sgd bnmsdws hm vghbg nmd ehqrs g]r
hmsdqbntqrd- Gnvdudq* sgd ld]mhmf ne sgd knrr ne uhqfhmhsx hr mns hm sgd ]bs hsrdke ats hm
vg]shsrxlankhydr*m]ldkx*sgd sq]mrhshnm sn ]ctksgnnc-’ Uhqfhmhsx sgdm qdedqr sn ] odqhnc
ne nmd r khed sg]shr mnsbg]q]bsdqhydc ax otqrthmf fn]kr*cdedmchmf hmsdqdrsr*nq oqnctbshu,
hsx- Sghr mnm,qdkhfhntr mnshnm ne uhqfhmhsx hr ] kdf]bx ne ntq Bgqhrsh]m ghrsnqx- L]qx
nbbtohdr ]m dw]ksdc onrhshnm adb]trd rgd hr dkdbsdc ax Fnc sn ad sgd uhqfhm lnsgdq ne
Bgqhrs* sgd hmb]qm]shnm ne sgd Vnqc- L]qx* vgn v]r nqhfhm]kkx ldqdkx gtl]m* adb]ld
cdehmd ]r ] qdrtksne gdq tmhptd qnkd ]r ldch]snq adsvddm Fnc ]mc l]m-Sghr hr qdekdbsdc
mnsnmkx ax sgd e]bssg]sgdq ancx hr s]jdm to hmsn gd]udm ats]krn ax sgd v]x sg]srgd hr
067 K-KWtvWdqs

hloqdfm]sdc ax sgd Gnkx Rohqhs-HeL]qx g]c bnmbdhudc hm sgd mnql]kv]x*rgd vntkc g]ud
addm bnms]lhm]sdc ]mc bntkc mns g]ud ]rbdmcdc hmsn gd]udm- Hm rgnqs* vghkd mnv]c]xr
uhqfhmhsx qdedqr sn ] rs]fd oqhnq sn ]ctksgnnc*hm Bgqhrsh]mhsx hshr ] rhfm ne chuhmd dkdbshnm-
Cdrohsd sgdhqcheedqdmbdr*ansg sgd bnmsdlonq]qx ]mc Bgqhrsh]m sq]chshnmr rdd uhqfhmhsx ]r ]
rxlankne otqhsx-
Hm sgd rdbnmc o]qs!’ Gnl]fd sn sgd Uhqfhm (nesgd drr]x ’ Tmcdqsgd L]rj ne@sgdhrl*
Jknrrnvrjh qdlhmcr tr sg]s uhqfhmhsx hr bdmsq]k hm sgd r]chrshb tmhudqrd-03 Bnmsq]qx sn
onotk]q adkhde* khadqshmdr ]qd mns hmsdqdrsdc hm rdwt]kkx vdkk,rd]rnmdc vnldm vgn sqx sn
qdehmd sgdhq rdwt]k okd]rtqdr ax dmf]fhmf hm ]kk jhmcr ne ahy]qqd dwodqhldmsr- Nm sgd
bnmsq]qx* sgd khadqshmdr qdpthqd sgdhq fhqkr sn ad rdwt]kkx otqd- Sghr qdpthqdldms enq
uhqfhmhsx bnqqdronmcr sn sgd ’ otqd anchdr ne sgd fhqkr vgn ]qd mns xds ]eedbsdc ax khed-
Gnvdudq* sgd r]chrshb uhqfhmr cn mns nmkx qdoqdrdms eqdrg xntsgetkmdrr- @bbnqchmf sn
Jknrrnvrjh*sgd fhqkr ]krn dlancx sgd Uhqfhm L]qx-Enqsghr qd]rnm*Jknrrnvrjhcdrbqhadr
sgd r]chrshb uhqfhm ]r ]m hl]fd ne chuhmd otqhsx-Sgd chuhmhsx ne R]cd r bg]q]bsdqr “ vghbg
hr tmcdqkhmdc ax sgd bgnhbd nem]ldr khjd ’ L]qx* ’ @tftrshmd ]mc ’ Sgdqdrd “ hr qdk]sdc sn
sgd e]bssg]ssgdx dunjd sgd hl]fd ne ]mfdkhb ]oo]qhshnmr sg]sg]ud mn ogxrhb]krtars]mbd-
Sghr hr vg]sJknrrnvrjhsghmjr ]bbntmsr enq sgd hlonrrhahkhsx sn aqd]j sgd fhqkr gxldmr-
Sgd hmuhnk]ahkhsx ne sgd gxldm hr qdk]sdc sn sgd ]tq] ne hmutkmdq]ahkhsx sg]s rtqqntmcr
R]cd r uhbshlr- Mn l]ssdq gnv a]ckx sgd fhqkr ]qd lhrsqd]sdc* sgdhq anchdr qdbnudq ]r
pthbjkx ]r sgd gd]ksgx aktrg qdstqmr sn sgdhq bgddjr-Sghr bnmrs]msqditudm]shnm dunjdr ]m
tmsntbg]akd oqdrdmbd adxnmc sgd lnqs]kancx-Hm nsgdq vnqcr*]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*
sgd uhqfhmr qdekdbssgd hll]sdqh]k enqbd ne m]stqd-
Hm chrbtrrhmf sgd qdk]shnm adsvddm sgd r]chrs ]mc ghr uhbshlr* Jknrrnvrjh qdftk]qkx
qdedqr sn mhmdsddmsg bdmstqx qnl]mshbhrl-04 Sgd qnnsr ne sgd k]ssdq khd hm sgd lncdqm
bnkk]ord ne bk]rrhb]k tmhsx- Sgd e]lntr vnqcr ne sgd Fdql]m Pnl]mshb* Mnu]khr* dbgn
sghr hcd]9’ Vd g]ud knrssn sgd vnqkc*]mc sgd vnqkc sn tr- Sgd qnl]mshb fknnl ]bjmnvk,
dcfdr sgd hqqdudqrhakd aqd]j vhsg sgd o]rs-@bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*sghr r]cmdrr ]krn g]r
]mnsgdqld]mhmf-Sgd qnl]mshb v]msr sn qdcddl ghlrdkeenqadsq]xhmf ghr o]rssgqntfg ghr
l]cmdrr- Lnqdnudq* sgd rteedqhmf ne sgd qnl]mshb tkshl]sdkx ]hlr ]s qdrsnqhmf sgd oqd,
lncdqm tmhsx-
@sehqrs fk]mbd*Jknrrnvrjh r qdedqdmbd sn qnl]mshbhrl rddlr sn ad hmsdmcdc ]r ] enhk
enq r]chrl-Hm sghr bnmsdwsgd vqhsdr9’ Sgdhq adg]uhnq bnmrshstsdr*sgdm*sgd qdudqrd ne sg]s
ne sgd bg]q]bsdqr bqd]sdc ax qnl]mshbhrl W”[- 05 Gnvdudq*Jknrrnvrjh]krn rtffdrsr sg]s
sgdqd hr ] rhlhk]qhsx adsvddm sgd r]chrs ]mc sgd qnl]mshb- Vg]s* nsgdq sg]m rteedqhmf*
bg]q]bsdqhydr sgd r]chrs; Vg]shr sgd qnkd ne sgd uhqfhm; @mc hm vg]srdmrd cn r]chrl ]mc
qnl]mshbhrl bnqqdronmc sn d]bg nsgdq;
@s sgd adfhmmhmf ne Sgd Adcqnnl Oghknrnogdqr) R]hms,@mfd sdkkr gdq f]x eqhdmc
Cnkl]mbç sg]s sgd 04,xd]q,nkc Dtfçmhd vhkk rs]x vhsg sgdl enq svn c]xr- Vgdm ]rjdc
]ants sgd qd]rnm enq sghr tmdwodbsdc uhrhs* R]hms,@mfd qdokhdr sg]s sgdx ]qd sn sd]bg
Dtfçmhd ]ants khadqshmd khed- Sghr hm]tftq]shnm mns nmkx bnms]hmr oq]bshb]k dwdqbhrdr ats
]krn oghknrnoghb]k rdrrhnmr- Ctqhmf nmd ne sgdrd rdrrhnmr* Dtfçmhd ]rjr Cnkl]mbç
vgdsgdq sgdqd hr ] Bgqhrsh]m uhqstd sg]s bnmsqhatsdr sn g]oohmdrr- Adenqd Dtfçmhd hr ]akd
sn ]mrvdq*Cnkl]mbç r]xr sg]srgd oqna]akx sghmjr sg]s’ sgd rstohc uhqfhmhsx vhkkl]jd gdq
g]oox- Sghr qdud]kr sgd khadqshmd r mdf]shud ]sshstcd snv]qcr uhqfhmhsx- Sghr o]rr]fd hr ]
kdrr dwsqdld dwoqdrrhnm ne sgd cdkhqhntr q]fd vghbg* Jknrrnvrjh gnkcr*bg]q]bsdqhydr sgd
r]chrs-06 Sgd oqdrdmbd ne uhqfhmr ]qntrdr sgd r]chrs r etqx-Gnvdudq*sgd r]chrs r ]mfdq hr
kdrr chqdbsdc sn sgd fhqkr xntsgetkmdrr sg]m sgdhq pt]rh mnm,ogxrhb]k ]ood]q]mbd-
Sgdqdenqd* sgd otqonrd ne sgd r]cd]m ]bs* Jknrrnvrjh vqhsdr* khdr hm sgd cdfq]c]shnm ne
sgd xntmf uhqfhmr otqhsx-Ansg sgd rbdmdr ne snqstqd ]mc sgd dohrncdr hm vghbg sgd r]chrs
 HmsdqmWshnmWkIntqmWk ne Oghknrnogx Wmc Sgdnknfx 068

sqhdr sn ]qntrd rdwt]k dminxldms hm ghr uhbshl hkktrsq]sd sghr- Ansg o]hm ]mc dminxldms
bnms]lhm]sd sgd ancx r otqhsx ax qdud]khmf hsr nardrrhud ]mc ro]rshb sq]hsr-
Gnvdudq* ]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh* sgd r]chrs r ]mfdq g]r cddodq qnnsr- Ghr ]mfdq
snv]qcr sgd uhqfhmr*Jknrrnvrjh ]qftdr*enkknvr eqnl sgd q]fd gd eddkr ]s sgd knrr ne ghr
nvm otqhsx- Lnqdnudq* ]mc sghr hr hlonqs]ms enq sgd qdrs ne sgd ]qftldms* sgd r]chrs r
rsq]sdfx enq cd]khmf vhsg sghr knrr hr sn chqdbs ghr ]mfdq ntsrhcd ne ghlrdke- Lnqd
rodbhehb]kkx* Jknrrnvrjh vqhsdr9 ’ Sghr rntk ltrs enqfds hsr rdbqds vntmc W”[- 07 Ax
dwsdqm]khyhmf ghr ]mfdq ]mc uhnk]shmf uhqfhmr* sgd r]chrs hr ]akd sn gd]k ghr vntmc* h-d-
sgd ancx r bnms]lhm]shnm ne ghr otqhsx-Hmcddc*sgd uhnk]shnm ne sgd uhqfhm]k otqhsx ne sgd
uhbshlr ktladqr sgdl vhsg ] knrr-Sghr dm]akdr ghl sn enqfdsghr nvm k]bj neotqhsx ]mc sn
e]ms]rhyd ]ants sgd chr]ood]q]mbd ne ghr nvm cdehbhdmbx-Hm rgnqs*sgd r]chrs b]kkr uhqfhmr
nm rs]fd hm nqcdq sn cdrsqnx sgdhq otqhsx ]mc sn lnldms]qhkx cdmx ghr nvm bnqqtoshnm-
Sghr hmsdqoqds]shnm g]r svn hlokhb]shnmr- Ehqrs* hs qdud]kr sg]s Jknrrnvrjh cndr mns
sghmj ne r]chrl ]r cdudknoldms]korxbgnknfhrsr cn-Enq ghl*r]chrl hr mns] o]sgnknfhb]k
neergnns ne ] o]rs e]hktqd- Hmrsd]c* Jknrrnvrjh r hmsdqoqds]shnm cq]vr ]ssdmshnm sn sgd
rodbhehb v]x sg]s sgd r]chrs nqf]mhydr qd]khsx- Tmkhjd Eqdtc ]mc K]b]m* Jknrrnvrjh
gnkcr sg]sr]chrl hr mns] bnmrdptdmbd ne cdmh]k*atssg]s hsdwoqdrrdr hsrdke hm sgd cdmh]k
ne hsr nvm knrr ax oqnidbshmf sg]s knrr nmsn sgd nsgdq hm ]m ]ffq]mchydc v]x- Rdbnmc*
Jknrrnvrjh tmcdqrs]mcr sgd r]chrs* khjd m]stqd* hm sdqlr ne ghr cdrhqd sn qdstqm sn
hll]sdqh]kotqhsx-Otscheedqdmskx*gd ]qftdr sg]ssgd r]chrshr antmc sn ] o]rssg]senqdudq
g]tmsr ghl hm sgd oqdrdms- Gnvdudq* ]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh* sgd r]chrs r oqnidbs* khjd
m]stqd r*qdrsr nm ]m hlonrrhahkhsx-Sn hkktrsq]sd sghr*Jknrrnvrjhqdedqr sn sgd o]rr]fdr hm
R]cd r vnqj vgdqd gd cdrbqhadr ] q]ohc rtbbdrrhnm ne bqhldr- @ksgntfg sgd bgnhbd enq
uhnkdmbd hr ] odbtkh]q]mc bqtdkv]x sn nudqbnld knrr*sgd dwbdrrhud qdodshshnm neuhnkdmbd
hmchb]sdr sg]s sgd vntmc b]mmns ad gd]kdc- Sgd mtldqntr jhkkhmfr qdud]k sg]s otqhsx b]m
mdudq ad cdehmhshudkx drs]akhrgdc ]mc sg]s sgd o]rs b]mmns ad qdbnudqdc-
Hm rtll]qx* ]ksgntfg ]mfdq ]mc rteedqhmf ehqrs rddl sn g]ud khsskd hm bnllnm* ansg
r]chrl ]mc qnl]mshbhrl rgntkc ad tmcdqrsnnc hm sdqlr nesgd cdrhqd sn qdrsnqd ] knrsnqhfhm
nq o]rs- Jknrrnvrjh r ]ssdmshnm sn sgd rhlhk]qhsx adsvddm R]cd ]mc qnl]mshbhrl ]krn
ghfgkhfgsr sgd v]x sg]ssgd r]chrshr ] oqnctbsnelncdqmhsx-Hm sgd r]ld v]x sg]sqnl]mshb
rteedqhmf hr ] qdronmrd sn sgd lncdqm vnqkcuhdv*r]chrshb qdodshshnm hmchb]sdr sgd r]chrs r
eqtrsq]sdc ptdrsenq otqhsx-Hm sghr rdmrd*vd b]m r]x sg]sJknrrnvrjhhmsdqoqdsr R]cd o]qskx
]r ] oqnctbsne lncdqmhsx-Ax rsqdrrhmf sgd cdrhqd enq otqhsx*gnvdudq*gd ]krn rhst]sdr sgd
r]chrsnm sgd anqcdqadsvddm sgd bk]rrhb]kodqhnc ]mc lncdqmhsx-Bnmrdptdmskx*ghr qd]chmf
ne R]cd hr mns xds etkkx lncdqm- @r H vhkk ]qftd hm sgd mdws rdbshnm* hs hr nmkx vgdm
Jknrrnvrjh]bjmnvkdcfdr sg]s sgd cdrhqd enq otqhsx hr ] rntqbd ne dminxldms sg]s gd b]m
qd]c R]cd ] sqtd lncdqm-

3 c ic a sDsem lmo mr D Vmc pdodshshnm

Nmd ne sgd drr]xr eqnl Jknrrnvrjh r annj hr ’ CdkdbsWshn lnqnrW- Vg]s cndr sghr
dwoqdrrhnm ld]m;08 Ctqhmf sgd Lhcckd @fdr*sgdnknfh]mr chrshmfthrgdc adsvddm oqhl]qx
]mc rdbnmc]qx cdrhqd-Sgd k]ssdq hr sgd hmunktms]qx sdmcdmbx sn e]ms]rhyd ]antsoqnghahsdc
]bshnmr-Sgd rntkdminxr sgdrd e]ms]rhdr vhsgntsdudq g]uhmf sgd hmsdmshnm sn otssgdl hmsn
]bshnm- Ehqrs,nqcdq cdrhqd cndr mns ]qhrd hmrshmbshudkx* ]r rdbnmc,nqcdq cdrhqd cndr* ats hr
ldch]sdc ax sgd vhkk- Sghr chrshmbshnm hr o]qs ne ] lnq]k,sgdnknfhb]k cda]sd nm sgd
qdk]shnmrgho adsvddm fthks ]mc dminxldms- Sgd rbgnk]rshbr ]qftd sg]s nmkx sgnrd vgn
dminx cdkhadq]sdkx rhmetk sgntfgsr ]qd fthksx-Sghr unktms]qx cdkhfgs hm ]m hmmdq uhrhnm ne
]m hl]fd ne duhk hr vg]s sgdx b]kk cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW-
07/ K-KWtvWdqs

Vgdm rbgnk]qr qdedq sn cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW* sgdx trt]kkx dlog]rhyd hsr lnq]k bnmsdms*
m]ldkx* sgd rhmetkmdrr ne dminxldms- Sgd rbgnk]rshb qd]chmf* gnvdudq* bg]q]bsdqhydr sgd
dminxldms ne ehqrs,nqcdq cdrhqd hm sdqlr ne sdlonq]khsx- Hmcddc* sgd ]cidbshud ’ lnqnr]
rsdlr eqnl ’ lnq]qh vghbg hr K]shm enq ’ sn rtrodmc- Sghr ld]mr sg]s cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW
qdedqr sn sgd rtrodmrhnm ne sgd cdrhqd enq sgd naidbsne dminxldms-Sgd cdrhqd hmsdqqtosr hsr
otqrths ne fq]shehb]shnm ]mc qdekdbsr nm sgd og]ms]rl]shb qdoqdrdms]shnm ne sgd cdrhqdc
naidbs- Hm sghr oqnbdrr* ] rtqoktr ne okd]rtqd hr qdkd]rdc- CdkdbsWshn lnqnrW ld]mr sgd
inxetkbnmsdlok]shnm ne sgd qdoqdrdms]shnm ne ] cdrhqdc naidbs-
@esdq ] rgnqshmsqnctbshnm hm vghbg gd ntskhmdr sgd sgdnknfhb]ka]bjfqntmc ne cdkdbsW,
shn lnqnrW*Jknrrnvrjhbnlo]qdr sgd qdkhfhntr ]rbdshb vhsg sgd r]chrs-@sehqrsrhfgs*sgdhq
adg]uhntq hr noonrdc-Sgd qdkhfhntr odqrnm eqddr ghr lhmc eqnl rdmrt]kokd]rtqdr hm nqcdq
sn o]qshbho]sd hm sgd chuhmd:sgd r]chrsb]kkr xntmf uhqfhmr nm rs]fd hm nqcdq sn cdrsqnx sgdhq
otqhsx-Gnvdudq*]ksgntfg sgd r]chrs “ tmkhjd sgd ]rbdshb odqrnm “ ehqrs enbtrdr nm otqhsx
]mc sgdm bnms]lhm]sdr hs*ansg rg]qd sgd hmbqd]rdc ]mc enbtrdc bnmbdmsq]shnm nm vg]ssgdx
bnmrbhntrkx hmunjd- Sgd r]chrs r dminxldms hr ]m hkktrsq]shnm ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW- Sgd
r]chrs cdkhadq]sdkx enbtrdr ghr ]ssdmshnm nm bnms]lhm]shmf sgd uhqfhmr ]mc dminxr sgdhq
gtlhkh]shnm-
Gnvdudq*sgd sgdnknfhb]kdwok]m]shnm ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW cndr mnsetkkx bnhmbhcd sgd
r]chrs r dminxldms-Sgdqd ]qd svn qd]rnmr enq sghr9 ehqrs* sgd r]chrs dminxr ] qd]k ]bshuhsx*
mns]m hmmdq qdoqdrdms]shnm:rdbnmc*sgd r]chrscndr mnsdminx duhknq rhmetkcddcr ]r rtbg-
@ksgntfg r]chrshb dminxldms hr nauhntrkx lnq]kkx qdoqdgdmrhakd* hs g]r cddodq qnnsr-
R]chrshb dminxldms* Jknrrnvrjh ]qftdr* hr ]m deedbs ne bnudqhmf nmd r nvm hlotqhsx ax
cq]vhmf ]ssdmshnm sn ]mnsgdq r-Hm rgnqs*vgdm Jknrrnvrjhbk]hlr sg]sr]chrshb dminxldms
hr ] o]qshbtk]qenql ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW)gd enbtrdr oqhl]qhkx nm sgd ]bst]kbnmsdmsne sgd
rbgnk]rshb dwoqdrrhnm- Jknrrnvrjh r bnlldms]snqr g]ud lnqd nq kdrr ]cnosdc sghr hmsdq,
oqds]shnm- Enq dw]lokd* B]rs]mds* dlog]rhydr sg]s Jknrrnvrjh enbtrdr nm sgd lnq]k
bg]q]bsdqhy]shnm ne r]chrshb dminxldms-1/
Sghr hmsdqoqds]shnm neJknrrnvrjhr tmcdqrs]mchmf necdkdbsWshn lnqnrW hr snn nmd,rhcdc-
Snv]qcr sgd dmc ne sgd bg]osdq nm cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW*Jknrrnvrjhmn knmfdq enbtrdr nm sgd
bnmsdms qdk]sdc ats nm sgd sdlonq]k bg]q]bsdqhy]shnm ne r]chrshb dminxldms- Gd vqhsdr9 ’ Hm
rnld ne R]cd r bg]q]bsdqr cdbdhudc dwodbs]shnm dmcr ax adbnlhmf ]m dqnsnfdmhb ehbshnm
W”[- 10 Gdqd*Jknrrnvrjh qdedqr sn vg]s H g]ud chrbtrrdc hm sgd rdbnmc o]qsne lx drr]x*
m]ldkx*sgd r]chrsr ]ssdlos sn gd]k ghr nvm vntmc ax ]atrhmf sgd nsgdq-Sgd chr]oonhms,
ldmssg]sJknrrnvrjhldmshnmr hr ] qdrtksne sgd hmduhs]akd e]hktqd ne sgd r]chrsr dmsdqoqhrd-
Sgd bnmrdptdmbd ne sghr chr]oonhmsldms hr chrhkktrhnmldms* vghbg rtodqbdcdr sgd aqhde
dminxldms sg]s ehqrs ]bbnlo]mhdc sgd r]chrsr ]bshnmr- Sghr chr]oonhmsldms* gnvdudq* chr,
]ood]qr vgdm sgd mtldqntr e]hkdc ]ssdlosr ]s]bghduhmf otqhsx adbnld ] rntqbd ne dminx,
ldms-@ksgntfg sgd dmckdrr bqhldr hmhsh]kkx dwoqdrr ansg sgd enbtr nm enqfdsshmf sgd knrr ]mc
sgd hlonrrhahkhsx ne gd]khmf sgd vntmc*sgdx eqdd to ] rtqoktr ne dminxldms-Sghr okd]rtqd
adbnldr ]tsnmnlntr vhsg qdf]qc sn sgd nqhfhm]kotqonrd nesgd r]chrsr bqtdksx-Bnmsq]qx sn
onotk]qadkhde*sgdqdenqd*sgd r]chrscndr mnsdminx ghr bqhld ]r rtbg atsq]sgdqsgd qdodshshnm
nesgd bqhld-Hm rgnqs*sgd r]chrshr mnsbg]q]bsdqhydc ax ] ronq]chb dminxldmsnerhmetkcddcr
nq sgntfgsr ats ax ] k]rshmf dminxldms ne sgd dmckdrr qdodshshnm ne sgd r]ld- R]chrshb
dminxldmshr ]m dw]lokd ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW adb]trd qdodshshnm*vghbg ehqrsdwoqdrrdr sgd
hlonrrhahkhsx ne dminxldms*mnv hr sgd qd]knaidbsne dminxldms-
Ax hfmnqhmf sgd o]rr]fdr hm vghbg Jknrrnvrjh dlog]rhydr sgd sdlonq]k bg]q]bsdq ne
cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW* sgdqdenqd* bqhshbr nudqknnj ]m hlonqs]ms hlokhb]shnm ne ghr qd]chmf ne
R]cd-He lx hmsdqoqds]shnm ne sgd sdlonq]kcdehmhshnm ne r]chrshb dminxldmshr bnqqdbs*sgdm
 HmsdqmWshnmWkIntqmWk ne Oghknrnogx Wmc Sgdnknfx 070

hsenkknvr sg]s*]bbnqchmf sn Jknrrnvrjh*R]cd aqd]jr vhsg ] bk]rrhb]k@qhrsnsdkh]m ]bbntms

ne sgd tmhudqrd-
Hm ] bk]rrhb]kvnqkc*qd]khsx hr tmcdqrsnnc eqnl sgd oqhmbhokd ne sdkdnknfx-Sghr ld]mr
sg]s]kko]qsr ne qd]khsx g]ud ] otqonrd snv]qcr vghbg sgdx rsqhud-Sgd r]chrs r dminxldms
hm qdodshshnm*gnvdudq*hr cds]bgdc eqnl ] fn]ksg]skhdr adxnmc sgdhq]bshuhsx-@ksgntfg sgd
mtldqntr bqhldr ]qd hmhsh]kkx ]hldc ]sbnudqhmf to sgd knrr ne hms]mfhakd otqhsx*sgdx ]qd
mnv otqhehdc ne sgdhq nqhfhm]k otqonrd- Sghr dmckdrr qdodshshnm ne sgd r]ld hr sgd qd]k
naidbs ne r]chrs r dminxldms- Hm nsgdq vnqcr* ax rsqdrrhmf sgd dminxldms ne qdodshshnm
q]sgdq sg]m rhm*Jknrrnvrjhtmcdqrs]mcr R]cd hm ] lncdqm v]x-Sgd qd]rnm enq sghr hr sg]s
r]chrshb dminxldms b]m mn knmfdq ad tmcdqrsnnc hm sdqlr ne ] bWtrW ehmWkhr-

4 Bnmbktrhnm
Jknrrnvrjh r ehqrssdwsr ]antsR]cd needq ] rtqoqhrhmf hmsdqoqds]shnm ne sgd k]ssdq r ndtuqd9
gd hmsdqoqdsr sgd vhbjdc l]qpthr eqnl ] sgdnknfhb]ka]bjfqntmc-Ansg R]cd r oghknrnogx
ne m]stqd !ehqrs o]qs( ]mc r]chrshb bqhldr !rdbnmc o]qs(* Jknrrnvrjh ]qftdr* rgntkc ad
tmcdqrsnnc hm sdqlr ne ] ptdrs enq hll]sdqh]k otqhsx- R]chrshb dminxldms !sghqc o]qs( hr
tmcdqrsnnc ]r ] rodbh]kenql ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW-Sghr sgdnknfhb]kkx hmrohqdc qd]chmf ne
R]cd ]s ehqrs rhfgs bnmsq]rsr vhsg nsgdq onrs,v]q hmsdqoqds]shnmr ne R]cd hm Eq]mbd-Hs ]krn
rddlr sn ad ]s nccr vhsg Jknrrnvrjh r ehqrs sgdnknfhb]k hmsdqoqds]shnm ne sgd L]qpthr
vnqj-Hm 0856*Jknrrnvrjhoqdrdmsr ] qd]chmf neR]cd ]r ]m dwonmdmsnelncdqmhsx sg]shr
khmd vhsg sgd hmsdqoqds]shnm ne ghr bnmsdlonq]qhdr*A]s]hkkd ]mc Ak]mbgns-Gnvdudq*hm sghr
]qshbkd*Hg]ud hmchb]sdc sg]ssgd f]o adsvddm Jknrrnvrjh r d]qkhdrs]mc k]sdrssdwsr hr mns]r
k]qfd ]r hs hr nesdm bnmrhcdqdc sn ad- Bdqs]hmkx* Jknrrnvrjh hmhsh]kkx qd]cr R]cd eqnl ]
q]sgdqbk]rrhb]kodqrodbshud-Sghr hr duhcdmseqnl ghr sgdnknfhb]khmsdqoqds]shnm-Ansg m]stqd
!ehqrs o]qs( ]mc sgd r]chrs !rdbnmc o]qs(* Jknrrnvrjh r]xr* rddj ]m tmrtkkhdc otqhsx-
Jknrrnvrjh r hmsdqoqds]shnm hr bk]rrhb]kadb]trd hshr @qhrsnsdkh]m9hsenbtrdr nm sgd otqonrd
ne R]cd r oqnidbs- Mdudqsgdkdrr* Jknrrnvrjh mnsdr sg]s mdhsgdq m]stqd mnq sgd r]chrs b]m
]bghdud sgdhq fn]k- Ansg ]qd hqqdunb]akx bts nee eqnl sgdhq nqhfhmr- Sghr enbtr nm sgd
hlonrrhahkhsx ne R]cd r oqnidbshmchb]sdr sg]sJknrrnvrjh r sgdnknfhb]khmsdqoqds]shnm*dudm
sgntfg hs hr bk]rrhb]kkx hmrohqdc* hr aq]mcdc ax lncdqmhsx- Sghr hr tmcdqkhmdc ax sgd e]bs
sg]s Jknrrnvrjh mnsdr sgd qdrdlak]mbd adsvddm R]cd ]mc lhmdsddmsg bdmstqx qnl]msh,
bhrl* vghbg dwoqdrrdr sgd lncdqm hcd] ne hqqdunb]akd knrr- Ehm]kkx* H g]ud ]qftdc sg]s
Jknrrnvrjh r qd]chmf adbnldr etkkx lncdqm vgdm gd tmcdqrs]mcr r]chrshb dminxldms hm
sdqlr ne cdkdbsWshn lnqnrW-Sgd dminxldmsne sgd dmckdrr qdodshshnm ne sgd r]ld hmchb]sdr
sg]s sgd r]chrshb tmhudqrd mn knmfdq g]r ] ghfgdq nq ehm]k fn]k-11

Mnsdr
0- A]s]hkkd ]krn khmjr R]cd vhsg ] qdkhfhntr sq]chshnm*m]ldkx lxrshbhrl9A]s]hkkd*‘Kd l]kc]mr kd
ok]snmhrld dsc]mr kd r]chrld*– 260:A]s]hkkd*‘Kd rdbqdscd R]cd*– 047“5/-
1- E]tkjmdq*‘Sgd uhrhnm*sgd qhcckd*]mc sgd uhbhntr bhqbkd9Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjhqd]chmf Mhdsyrbgd r
rhbj ancx sgqntfg R]cd r odqudqrhnm*– 32“58: F]kkno*Hmsdqrdbshnmr- ; PdWchmf ne RWcd vhsg
AWsWhkkd)AkWmbgnsWmc Jknrrnvrjh*56“001-
2- Mnsnmkx Jknrrnvrjhats]krn A]qsgdr*A]s]hkkd*]mc Ak]mbgnscn hmsdqoqdsR]cd ]r ]m dwonmdms
ne lncdqmhsx-
3- Jknrrnvrjh*RWcd Lx Mdhfganq*4-
4- Hahc-*56“87-
5- Enq ] ghrsnqhb]kbnmsdwst]khy]shnm ne R]cd r oghknrnogx*rdd V]ql]m*RWcd6 Eqnl LWsdqhWkhrl
sn OnqmnfqWogx-
6- L]qpthr cd R]cd*Itrshmd)Oghknrnogx hm sgd Adcqnnl Wmc Nsgdq Vqhshmfr*165-
071 K-KWtvWdqs

7- Jknrrnvrjh*RWcd Lx Mdhfganq*74-
8- Hahc-*76-
0/- L]qpthr cd R]cd*Itrshmd)Oghknrnogx hm sgd Adcqnnl Wmc Nsgdq Vqhshmfr*164-
00- Jknrrnvrjh*RWcd Lx Mdhfganq*0//-
01- Kdhrdf]mf*KW fmnrd*8“36:Odkhj]m*Sgd BgqhrshWm SqWchshnm-; Fhrsnqx nesgd Cdudknoldmsne
Cnbsqhmd)57“01/-
02- Jknrrnvrjh*RWcd Lx Mdhfganq)76-
03- Hahc-*0/1“01-
04- Hahc-*004“05-
05- Hahc-*001-
06- Hahc-*0/2“3-
07- Hahc-*006-
08- A]k]chdq*Dqèr Wt Lnxdm ;fd*78“84:Knsg ]mc Lhbgdk*ChbshnmmWhqd cd Sgynknfhd BWsgnkhptd*
134“4/-
1/- B]rs]mds*Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh-KW oWmsnlhld cdr droqhsr*24-
10- Jknrrnvrjh*RWcd Lx Mdhfganq*008-
11- Sg]mjr sn O]tkLnx]dqs enq ghr bnlldmsr nm ] oqduhntr udqrhnm ne sghr sdws-

Mnsdr nm bnmsphatsnp
Kncd K]tv]dqsrstchdc orxbgnknfx !Fgdms( ]mc oghknrnogx !Kntu]hm(-Btqqdmskx gd hr ] qdrd]qbgdq
]s sgd Hmrshstsd ne Oghknrnogx hm Kntu]hm vgdqd gd vnqjr nm sgd qdbdoshnm ne L]qpthr cd R]cd hm
Eqdmbg Oghknrnogx- Ghr oqduhntr otakhb]shnmr hmbktcd9 Cd Aknbj* @- ]mc K]tv]dqs* K- !1/02(-
’ Ntsk]vdc ax m]stqd; @ bqhshptd ne rnld btqqdms orxbgn]m]kxshb sgdnqhdr ne odqudqrhnmr* hm9 V-
Lékkdq,Etmj* H- Rbgnky,Rsq]rrdq ]mc G- Vdrsdqhmj* OrxbgnWmWkxrhr) Lnmnsgdhrl Wmc LnqWkhsx*
Kdtudm* Kdtudm Tmhudqrhsx Oqdrr* oo- 074“087: K]tv]dqs* K- !1/01(- ’ Fhkkdr Cdkdtyd kddrs R]cd
dm R]bgdq,L]rnbg- Khsdq]sttq dm jkhmhdj * OrxbgnWmWkxshrbgd Odqrodbshdudm* 2 !2/(* 138“164:
K]tv]dqs* K- !1/01(- ’ Pnk]mc A]qsgdr rdlhnknfhrbgd kdyhmf u]m R]cd- R]chrld ]kr enql]khrld*
Shicrbgqhes unnq Ehknrnehd*2 !63(*314“348-

:hakhnfpVogw
A]k]chdq* Bg]qkdr- Dqèr Wt Lnxdm ;fd- ;lntq) cyrhq ds cdkdbsWshn lnqnrd- O]qhr9 Kdr çchshnmr ct
bdqe*0888-
A]s]hkkd*Fdnqfdr-‘Kd l]kc]mr kd ok]snmhrld dsc]mr kd r]chrld-– Hm9 tuqdr Bnlokésdr UHH*254“
27/-O]qhr 9 F]kkhl]qc*0865-
A]s]hkkd*Fdnqfdr-‘Kd rdbqds cd R]cd-– Bqhshptd 04“05*mn-1 !0836(9 036“5/-
B]rs]mds* Gdquç- Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh- KW oWmsnlhld cdr droqhsr- Rthuh c tm dmsqdshdm cd Ohdqqd
JknrrnvrjhWudb Itchsg Lhkkdq-M]msdr9Dchshnmr Bçbhkd Cde]ts*1//6-
E]tkjmdq* In]mmd- ‘Sgd uhrhnm* sgd qhcckd* ]mc sgd uhbhntr bhqbkd9 Ohdqqd Jknrrnvrjh qd]chmf
Mhdsyrbgd r rhbj ancx sgqntfg R]cd r odqudqrhnm-– SdwstWkOqWbshbd 10*mn-0 !1//6(932“58-
F]kkno*I]md-Hmsdqrdbshnmr-; PdWchmf neRWcd vhsg AWsWhkkd)AkWmbgnsWmc Jknrrnvrjh-Khmbnkm ]mc
Knmcnm9Tmhudqrhsx ne Mdaq]rj] Oqdrr*0870-
Jknrrnvrjh*Ohdqqd-RWcd Lx Mdhfganq WR]cd lnm oqnbg]hm[-Du]mrsnm*HK9Mnqsgvdrsdqm Tmhudqrhsx
Oqdrr*0880-
Kdhrdf]mf*G]mr-KW fmnrd WChd Fmnrhr[-O]qhr9 O]xns*0860-
Knsg*Adqm]qc*]mc Lhbgdk*@kadqs-ChbshnmmWhqd cd Sgynknfhd BWsgnkhptd-K dwonry cdr cnbsqhmdr cd
kW sgynknfhd bWsgnkhptdr- Kdtqr oqdtudr ds kdtq ghrsnhqd- Cdtwhéld oWqshd- O]qhr9 Khaq]hqhd
Kdsntydx ds@mç*0854-
L]qpthr cd R]cd- Itrshmd) Oghknrnogx hm sgd Adcqnnl Wmc Nsgdq Vqhshmfr- Knmcnm9 @qqnv Annj
Khlhsdc*0854-
Odkhj]m*I]qnrk]u-Sgd BgqhrshWm SqWchshnm-; Fhrsnqx ne sgd Cdudknoldms ne Cnbsqhmd)OWqs 06 Sgd
Dldqfdmbd ne sgd BWsgnkhb SqWchshnm 0..’5..(- Bghb]fn* HK ]mc Knmcnm9 Sgd Tmhudqrhsx ne
Bghb]fn Oqdrr*0860-
V]ql]m*B]qnkhmd-RWcd6 Eqnl LWsdqhWkhrl sn OnqmnfqWogx-Nwenqc9 Unks]hqd Entmc]shnm*1//1-