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1000 V Output, No-Opto, Isolated

Flyback Converter
George Qian and Michael Wu
Analog Devices, Inc.

Isolated flyback converters are used in automotive, industrial, medical,
and telecom applications where the power supply must be reliable, easy
to use, high voltage, and isolated, and they must provide excellent regula-
tion over load, line, and temperature. LT8304-1 is an isolated, no-opto
flyback converter optimized for high output voltage applications that
provides outputs up to 1000 V.
Traditionally, the regulation feedback loop requires a bulky high voltage
divider to directly sense the high output voltage, along with optocouplers
to convey feedback information back through the isolation barrier. The
bulky resistor solution results because a 1206 resistor can handle 200 V
maximum. So to sense 1000 V, at least six 1206 resistors are required,
plus a small bottom resistor.
1000 V/15 mA Output, from a 4 V to 28 V Input
An LT8304-1 flyback converter design features a low component count.
Figure 1 shows a complete 4 V to 28 V input to 1000 V output solu-
tion capable of supporting 15 mA loads. The output current capability
VIN E1
4 V to 28 V
270 pF
10 µF
increases with input voltage, reaching 13 mA when the input voltage
is greater than 24 V. The LT8304-1’s ability to sense the output voltage
through the primary side waveform eliminates the need for a bulky high
voltage divider, and no optocoupler is required.
The guidelines for calculating voltage and current stress on the compo-
nents surrounding the LT8304-1 are detailed in the LT8304-1 data sheet.
Notably, this 1000 V solution uses a transformer with three split-output
windings on the secondary side. The primary side to secondary side turn
ratio is 1:10:10:10, instead of a single-secondary winding 1:30 transform-
er. The 1:10:10:10 transformer enables the output voltage stress to be
split among three high voltage output diodes and three high voltage output
capacitors. Individual component voltage ratings need only be 1⁄3 of the
total voltage, which facilitates more options for output diode and output
capacitor selection.
T1
SUMIDA
0399-T208 D3
CMMR1U-08
5 12 E3 V
OUT+

50 V 1000 V
100 Ω 40 µH 0.22 µF, 630 V
1210 VIN 1206 1812
EN/UVLO SW 2 11
10 µF
50 V 324 kΩ D2
1210 0805 CMMR1U-08
E2 10 Min Load 0.5 mA
GND GND RFB
0.22 µF 0.5 mA to 2.5 mA at VIN = 4 V
LT8304-1
630 V 0.5 mA to 8 mA at VIN = 12 V
9 1812 0.5 mA to 13 mA at VIN = 24 V
INTVCC RREF
0.5 mA to 15 mA at VIN = 28 V
1 µF, 25 V D1
10 kΩ 10 pF
1206 CMMR1U-08
8
TC
GND 0.22 µF, 630 V
1812
E4
Note: Unless Otherwise Specified 7
VOUT−
All Resistors and Capacitors Are 0603 1:10:10:10

Figure 1. A complete 1000 V/15 mA isolated flyback converter from a 4 V to 28 V input.

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2 1000 V Output, No-Opto, Isolated Flyback Converter

Figure 2 shows this flyback converter reaching 90.5% peak efficiency. 800 V/10 mA Output, from 4 V to 18 V Input
Even with no optocoupler, load regulation at various input voltages
Figure 4 shows a complete 4 V to 18 V input to 800 V output solution
remains tight, typically 2% to 3%, as shown in Figure 3.
capable of providing up to 10 mA output current. This flyback converter
95
achieves 88.2% peak efficiency when the input is 18 V and the load
current is 10 mA. Figure 5 shows the efficiency curve at various input
90
voltages; Figure 6 shows the excellent load regulation. This solution also
85
features a low component count.
95
Efficiency (%)

80 90

85
75
80
70

Efficiency (%)
75
12 VIN
70
65 24 VIN
28 VIN 65
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 60
Load Current (mA) 55
Figure 2. Efficiency of Figure 1 at various input voltages. 12 VIN
50
18 VIN
1020
45
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Load Current (mA)
1015
Figure 5. Efficiency of the solution in Figure 4 at various input voltages.
810
Output Voltage (V)

1010

805

1005
800
Output Voltage (V)

1000 12 VIN
795
24 VIN
28 VIN
995 790
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Load Current (mA)
785
Figure 3. Load regulation of Figure 1 at various input voltages. 12 VIN
18 VIN
780
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Load Current (mA)
Figure 6. Load regulation of the solution in Figure 4 at various input voltages.

T1
VIN E1
SUMIDA
4 V to 18 V 10380-T030 D3
270 pF CMMR1U-08
9, 11 1 E3 V
22 µF OUT+

25 V 800 V
100 Ω 40 µH 0.22 µF, 630 V
1210 VIN 1206 1812
EN/UVLO SW 14, 16 3
22 µF Min Load 0.2 mA
25 V 374 kΩ D2 0.2 mA to 3 mA at VIN = 4 V
1210 0805 CMMR1U-08 0.2 mA to 8 mA at VIN = 12 V
E2 6
GND GND RFB 0.2 mA to 10 mA at VIN = 18 V
0.22 µF
LT8304-1
630 V
8 1812 E4
INTVCC RREF VOUT–
1 µF, 25 V 10 kΩ 10 pF
1206
TC
Note: Unless Otherwise Specified
GND All Resistors and Capacitors Are 0603

Figure 4. A complete 800 V/10 mA isolated flyback converter from a 4 V to 18 V input.

Conclusion
The LT8304-1 is an easy to use monolithic micropower isolated flyback
converter optimized for high output voltage applications. By sampling the
isolated output voltage directly from the primary side flyback waveform,
complete solutions maintain tight regulation—requiring neither an output
voltage divider nor an opto-isolator.
The output voltage is simply programmed with two external resistors and
a third optional temperature compensation resistor. Boundary mode
operation enables a small magnetic solution with excellent load regula-
tion. A 2 A, 150 V DMOS power switch is integrated, along with all the
high voltage circuitry and control logic, in a thermally enhanced 8-lead
SO package. The LT8304-1 operates at an input voltage range of 3 V to
100 V, and delivers up to 24 W of isolated output power.
About the Authors
Zhijun (George) Qian is a senior engineer at Analog Devices, Inc. He
is responsible for power products applications of various nonisolated
and isolated converters. He obtained his B.S and M.S. from Zhejiang
University, and his Ph.D. from University of Central Florida, all in power
electronics. He joined Linear Technology (now part of ADI) in 2010. He
can be reached at zhijun.qian@analog.com.
Michael Wu is a product applications engineer at Analog Devices, Inc.
He works in the Power Group focusing on isolated and nonisolated
dc-to-dc converters. He studied electrical engineering at California
Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (B.S and M.S). He can
be reached at michael.wu@analog.com.

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