Year 8 Chemistry Revision Experiment Name: ________________________________

Experiment Instructions:

Materials:
 100mL Beaker
 20mL water
 2 large test tubes
 Spatula
 Copper sulfate solid
 Sodium carbonate solution
 Sodium nitrate solution

Procedure:

Step 1 – Place 20mL of tap water into the 100mL beaker.

Step 2 – Record observations of what the copper sulfate solid and water look like now.

Step 3 - Place 1 spatula full of copper sulfate solid into the beaker and stir until the solid has dissolved.
Record your observations of what it looks like after they were mixed.

Step 4 – Place half of the solution you made into each of the two test tubes. Label them A and B.

Step 5 – Place one squirt of sodium nitrate into test tube A. Record your observations.

Step 6 – Place one squirt of sodium carbonate into test tube B. Record your observations.

Step 7 – Pour all waste into the waste container at the front of the classroom. Then rinse the glasswear
and pack up.

Results Section:
Steps 1 to 3
Before
After
Water Copper Sulfate

Diagram


Observation

Step 5
Before After
Water + Copper
Sulfate solution

Diagram 

Observation
Step 6
Before After
Water + Copper
Sulfate solution

Diagram 

Observation

Discussion Questions

Question 1
In steps 1 to 3 you used water and copper sulfate.

a) Water is a molecule of a compound with the formula H2O.

i) Draw a diagram of a water molecule.

ii) Explain why water is classified as a molecule of a compound.

iii) Water is a liquid. Describe the motion of the water particles.

b) Copper sulfate was a solid at the start. Describe the motion of the particles in the copper sulfate solid.

c) When the copper sulfate was dissolved in water it formed a solution.

i) Some students thought that this was a chemical change as the water changed colour. Are they
correct? Explain your answer.
 ii) Is the solution a mixture or a pure substance. Explain your answer.

Question 2
In step 5 you added sodium nitrate to you copper sulfate solution. Use your observation to explain if a
chemical or physical change occurred in step 5.

Question 3
In step 6 you added sodium carbonate to you copper sulfate solution. Use your observation to explain if a
chemical or physical change occurred in step 6.

Question 4
Below is a diagram of what the solid you created in step 6 would look like if the water was evaporated
away.

a) Use some key terms you have learnt in your chemistry unit to describe this diagram.

b) The chemical formula of the new substance you made is CuCO3.

i) Name the elements that are in the substance? _________________________________________

ii) How does this help you determine that the above substance is not a molecule but a lattice?
Application Questions

Question 1
Solutions A and B are colourless. When they are mixed, they react and turn blue after a period of time. A
student investigated how temperature affected the rate of reaction between solutions A and B. The rate
was measured by timing how long the mixture took to turn blue. Temperature
The results are shown in the table.

TEMPERATURE °C 22 25 30 40 45 51
Time taken to turn blue, in seconds 290 250 220 200 170 160

a) Identify the reactants___________________________________________________________________

b) What evidence is there in the information provided that a chemical change has occurred?

c) Define the following and identify the variables in this experiment:

i) Independent variable:

Define: ________________________________________________________________________

In this experiment the independent variable is __________________________________________

ii) Dependent variable:

Define: ________________________________________________________________________

In this experiment the dependent variable is ____________________________________________

iii) Controlled variables:

Define: _________________________________________________________________________

State one variable must be kept constant to make this experiment a fair test.

d) Create a graph on the graph paper provided for these results including a line of best fit.

e) Use your graph to find how long it takes the solution to turn blue at 35°C. _______________________

f) What is the trend that this data illustrates? Use data to provided evidence for your statement.

g) Explain, in terms of particles, why temperature has this effect on the rate of reaction (time it takes).