Chapter-5 CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY

Related to Exercise 5.1

1. Find all points of discontinuity of f, where f is defined by

|𝑋 | + 3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ −3
(a) f(x) = {−2𝑥, 𝑖𝑓 − 3 < 𝑥 < 3
6𝑥 + 2, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≥ 3
|𝑥|
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 0
(b) f(x) = { 𝑥
0, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0
2. find the relationship between a and b so that the function f defined by
𝑎𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 3
f(x) = { Continuous at x = 3
𝑏𝑥 + 3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 3
3. Show that the function defined by g(x) = x – [x] is discontinuous at all integrate
points. Hence [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
4. Is the function defined by f(x) = x2 – sin x + 5 continuous at x = 𝜋?
5. Find the value of k so that the function f is continuous at the indicated point:
𝑘 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝜋
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≠ 𝜋
(a) f(x) = { 𝜋−2𝑥 2
𝜋 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2
3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 =
2

𝑘𝑥 2 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 2
(b) f(x) = { 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2
3, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 2
𝑘𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋
(c) f(x) = { 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 𝜋
cos 𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 𝜋
𝑘𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 5
(d) f(x) = { 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 5
3𝑥 − 5, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 5
6. Show that the function defined by f(x) = cos (x2) is a continuous function.
7. Show that the function defied by f(x) = |cos x| is a continuous function.

Related to Exercise 5.2

1. Prove that the function f given by f(x) = |x – 1|, x∈ 𝑅 is not differentiable at x =

1.
 Related to Exercise 5.3
Find the dy/dx in the following:
1. x2 + xy + y2 =100
2. sin2y + cos xy = k
2𝑥
3. y = sin−1 ( )
1+𝑥 2
1−𝑥 2
4. y = cos −1 ( ),0 < 𝑥 < 1
1+𝑥 2
1 1
5. y = sec −1 ( ),0 < 𝑥 <
2𝑥 2 −1 √2

Related to Exercise 5.4

Differentiate the following w.r.t. x.

3
1. 𝑒 𝑥
2. sin(𝑡𝑎𝑛-1 e-x)

3. √𝑒 √𝑥 , 𝑥 > 0

Related to Exercise 5.5

Differentiate the functions w.r.t. x.

(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)
1. √(𝑥−3)(𝑥−4)(𝑥−5)

2. 𝑥 x – 2sin x
1 𝑥 1
3. (𝑥 + ) + 𝑥 (𝑥+𝑥)
2

4. (log 𝑥)x + xlogx

5. (sin 𝑥)x + sin-1√𝑥
6. (𝑥 cos 𝑥)x + (x sin x)1/x

Related to Exercise 5.6

Find dy/dx:
1. x = a(𝜃 − sin 𝜃), 𝑦 = 𝑎(1 + cos 𝜃)
𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑡
2. x = ,𝑦 =
√cos 2𝑡 √cos 2𝑡
 3. x = a(cot t + log tan t/2) y = a sin t
−1 𝑡 −1 𝑦
4. if x = √𝑎sin , 𝑦 = √𝑎cos 𝑡 , show that dy/dx = −
𝑥

Related to Exercise 5.7

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1. If y = sin-1x, show that (1 – x2) −𝑥 =0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

2. If y = 3 cos (log x) + 4 sin (log x), show that x2y2 + xy1 + y = 0

3. If y = (tan-1x)2, show that (x2 + 1)2 y2 + 2x(x2 + 1) y1 = 2.

Related to Miscellaneous Exercise

1. Differentiate the following w.r.t. x.

sin 𝑥
(a) tan−1 ( )
1+cos 𝑥
2𝑥+1
(b) sin−1 ( )
1+4𝑥

2. Differentiate sin2 x w.r.t. ecos x.

3. Differentiate w.r.t.x.
√1+sin 𝑥+√1−sin 𝑥 𝜋
(a) cot −1 [ ],0 < 𝑥 <
√1+sin 𝑥−√1−sin 𝑥 2
𝜋 3𝜋
(b) (sin x – cos x)(sin x – cos x), <𝑥<
4 4
𝜋 𝜋
4. Find dy/dx, if y = 12 (1 – cos t), x = 10(t – sin t), − < 𝑡 <
2 2
𝑑𝑦 1
5. If x √1 + 𝑦 + 𝑦√1 + 𝑥 = 0, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 , −1 < 𝑥 < 1, prove that = − (1+𝑥)2.
𝑑𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑎+𝑦)
6. If cos y = x cos(a+y), with cos a ≠ ±1, prove that dy/dx =
sin 𝑎

7. If x = a (cot t + t sin t) and y = a(sin t – t cot t), find d2y/dx2.

−1 𝑥
8. if y = 𝑒 cos , −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 (1 – x2) d2/dx2 – x dy/dx – a2y = 0.
 Answers

Exercise 5.1

1. (a) discontinuous at x = 3 (b) discontinuous at x = 0

2. a = b +2/3
3.
4. f is continuous at x = 𝜋
5. (a) k = 6 (b) k = ¾ (c) k = -2/ 𝜋 (d) k = 9/5

Exercise 5.3

(2𝑥+𝑦)
1. – (𝑥+2𝑦)
𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥𝑦
2.
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑦−𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥𝑦
2
3.
1+ 𝑥 2
2
4.
1+ 𝑥 2
2
5. – √1− 𝑥 2

Exercise 5.4

3
1. 3𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥
𝑒 −𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (tan−1 𝑒 −𝑥 )
2. −
1+𝑒 −2𝑥

𝑒 √𝑥
3. ,𝑥 > 0
4√𝑥𝑒 √𝑥

Exercise 5.5

1 (𝑥−1)(𝑥−2) 1 1 1 1 1
1. √ [ + − − − ]
2 (𝑥−3)(𝑥−4)(𝑥−5) 𝑥−1 𝑥−2 𝑥−3 𝑥−4 𝑥−5

2. xx (1+log x) – 2sin x cos x log 2

1 𝑥 𝑥 2 −1 1 1 𝑥+1−𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
3. (𝑥 + ) [ ] + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + ) + 𝑥 1+𝑥 ( )
𝑥 𝑥 2 +1 𝑥 𝑥2

4. (log x)x-1 [1 + log x. log (log x)] + 2xlogx-1 . logx

 1
5. (sin x)x ( x cot x + log sin x) + ½ √1−𝑥2
𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥+1−𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥)
6. (x cos x)x [1 – x tan x + log (x cos x) ] + (x sin x)1/x[ ]
𝑥2

Exercise 5.6

𝜃
1. – cot
2

2. – cot 3t
3. tan t

Miscellaneous Exercise

2𝑥+1 log 2
1. (a) ½ (b)
1+4𝑥
2 cos 𝑥
2. –
𝑒 cos 𝑥
1
3. (a) (b) (sin x – cos x)sin x – cos x (cos x + sin x).(1 + log (sin x – cos x)), sin x
2

> cos x
6 𝑡
4. cot
5 2

5.
6.
𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 𝑡 𝜋
7. ,0 < 𝑡 <
𝑎𝑡 2

8.