Arabic alphabet (‫)األلفباء العربية‬

Consonants

‫ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر‬
__‫ﺮ‬ __‫ﺬ‬ __‫ﺢﺤﺣ ﺦﺨﺧ ﺪ‬ ‫ﺞﺠﺟ‬ ‫ﺚﺜﺛ‬ ‫ﺖﺘﺗ‬ ‫ﺐﺒﺑ‬ ‫__ﺎ‬
‫راء‬ ‫ذال‬ ‫دال‬ ‫خاء‬ ‫حاء‬ ‫جيم‬ ‫ثاء‬ ‫تاء‬ ‫باء‬ ‫ألف‬
rāʾ ḏāl dāl ḫāʾ ḥāʾ ǧīm ṯāʾ tāʾ bāʾ ʾalif
r/р ḏ / з̱ d/д ḫ / х̮ ḥ / х̣ ǧ / дж ṯʾ / с̱ t/т b/б ʾ(a)
[r] [ð] [d] [χ] [ħ] [ʤ] [θ] [t] [b] [ʔ]

‫ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع ﻍ ﻑ‬
‫ﻒﻔﻓ‬ ‫ﻎﻐﻏ‬ ‫ﻊﻌﻋ‬ ‫ﺾﻀﺿ ﻂﻄﻃ ﻆﻈﻇ‬ ‫ﺺﺼﺻ‬ ‫ﺶﺸﺷ‬ ‫ﺰ__ ﺲﺴﺳ‬
‫فاء‬ ‫غني‬ ‫عني‬ ‫ظاء‬ ‫طاء‬ ‫ضاد‬ ‫صاد‬ ‫شني‬ ‫سني‬ ‫زاي‬
fāʾ ġayn ʿayn ẓāʾ ṭāʾ ḍād ṣād šīn sīn zāy
f/ф ġ / г̣ ʿ ẓ / з̣ ṭ / т̣ ḍ / д̣ ṣ / с̣ š/ш s/с z/з

[f] [ʁ] [ʕ] [ ðˁ ] [ tˁ ] [ dˁ ] [ sˁ ] [ʃ] [s] [z]

‫ﻫ و ي ء‬/‫ﻕ ﻙ ﻝ ﻡ ن ﻩ‬
__‫ء‬ ‫ﻲﻴﻳ‬ __‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻪﻬﻫ‬ ‫ﻦﻨﻧ‬ ‫ﻢﻤﻣ‬ ‫ﻞﻠﻟ‬ ‫ﻚﻜﻛ‬ ‫ﻖﻘﻗ‬
‫مهزة‬ ‫ياء‬ ‫واو‬ ‫هاء‬ ‫نون‬ ‫ميم‬ ‫الم‬ ‫قاف كاف‬
hamza yāʾ wāw hāʾ nūn mīm lām kāf qāf

y/й w/в h/х n/н m/м l/л k/к q / к̣

ʔ [j] [w] [h] [n] [m] [l] [k] [q]

Vowel diacritics and other symbols

‫َب ِب ُب َبا يِب ُبو ْب ّب َّب ِّب ُّب‬

 Arabic alphabet (‫)األلفباء العربية‬
bbu bbi bba bb b bū bī bā bu bi ba

How the consonants change in different positions

Isolate Isolate
Final Medial Initial Final Medial Initial Isolated Final Medial Initial
d d

‫ﻗ ﻘ ﻖ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫_ _ ﺰ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫_ _ ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬

‫ﻛ ﻜ ﻚ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺳ ﺴ ﺲ‬ ‫س‬ ‫ﺒ ﺐ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ب‬
‫ﻟ ﻠ ﻞ‬ ‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺷ ﺸ ﺶ‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ﺘ ﺖ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ت‬
‫ﻣ ﻤ ﻢ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ص ﺻ ﺼ ﺺ‬ ‫ﺜ ﺚ‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ث‬
‫ﻧ ﻨ ﻦ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ض ﺿ ﻀ ﺾ‬ ‫ﺟ ﺠ ﺞ‬ ‫ج‬
‫ﻫ ﻬ ﻪ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻃ ﻄ ﻂ‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ﺣ ﺤ ﺢ‬ ‫ح‬
‫_ _ ﻮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻇ ﻈ ﻆ‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ﺧ ﺨ ﺦ‬ ‫خ‬
‫ﻳ ﻴ ﻲ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﻋ ﻌ ﻊ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫_ _ ﺪ‬ ‫د‬
‫_ _ ء‬ _ ‫ﻏ ﻐ ﻎ‬ ‫ﻍ‬ ‫_ _ ﺬ‬ ‫ذ‬
‫ﻓ ﻔ ﻒ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫_ _ ﺮ‬ ‫ر‬

Ligatures

‫ًـ ٍـ ٌـ ـة ة أ اخ اح سالﻻﻼ‬
 Arabic alphabet (‫)األلفباء العربية‬

‫س س‬
ʔa -a -
lā -un -an
(tā’ marbūṭah) in