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1st Edition Carpenter Test Bank
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True/False
1. In centralized companies, many important decisions are made at lower levels of
the hierarchy. False: In centralized companies, many important decisions are
made at higher levels of the hierarchy. (Easy; Comprehension)
2. In decentralized companies, decisions are made and problems are solved at lower
levels by employees who are closer to the problem in question. True (Easy;
Comprehension)
6. Formalized structures are those in which there are few written rules and
regulations. False: Formalized structures are those in which there are many
written rules and regulations. (Medium; Comprehension)
7. Research indicates that flat organizations provide greater need satisfaction for
employees, and greater levels of self-actualization. True (Medium;
Comprehension)
9. When a company has a diverse product line, each product will have unique
demands, deeming divisional structures more useful. True (Medium;
Knowledge)
10. Functional structures are more effective in stable environments that are fast to
change. False: Functional structures are more effective in stable
environments that are slower to change. (Medium; Knowledge)
Multiple Choice
Fill-in
7. Structures control employee behavior using written rules, so that employees have
little _____________ to decide on a case-by-case basis. (autonomy: Medium;
Comprehension)
17. ____________ structures are flexible and decentralized, with low levels of
formalization. (Organic: Easy; Knowledge)
Short Answer
1. What are the four aspects of organizational structure that have been frequently
studied in the literature and are mentioned in your text? Centralization,
formalization, hierarchical levels and departmentalization. (Easy;
Knowledge)
Chapter 7, Section II
True/False
1. In a matrix structure, product managers have control and say over product related
matters, while department managers have authority over matters related to
company policy. True (Medium; Comprehension)
Multiple Choice
Fill-in
Short Answer
1. Who did Starbucks form a successful partnership with and why? Starbucks
formed a successful partnership with PepsiCo to market its Frappuccino cold
drinks. (Easy; Knowledge)
True/False
1. The act of including employees in the change process can drastically reduce
opposition to new methods. True (Easy; Knowledge)
4. The U.S. Department of Labor and the Organization for Economic Co-operation
and Development have reported that the average age of the U.S. workforce will
decrease as the baby boom generation nears retirement age. False: The U.S.
Department of Labor and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development have reported that the average age of the U.S. workforce will
increase as the baby boom generation nears retirement age. (Easy;
Knowledge)
Multiple Choice
1. Organizational change can take the form of which of the following?:
a. Structure, strategy, policies, or culture
b. Change should be planned on quarterly basis and measured for progress
c. Fundamentally, organizational change is a process that involved effective
products or services
d. Change should moderate so as to not disrupt corporate cultural norms..
(a: Medium; Comprehension)
Fill-in
1. Organizational change is often a response to changes in the ________________.
(environment: Medium; Knowledge)
7. ________________ are defenders of the new way and actually encourage others
around them to give support to the change effort. (Enthusiastic support:
Medium; Knowledge)
Short Answer
1. What does it mean for companies that the workforce is getting older?
Organizations may realize that as the workforce gets older, the types of
benefits workers prefer may change. Work arrangements such as flexible
work hours and job sharing may become more popular as employees remain
in the workforce even after retirement. (Medium; Comprehension)
2. How did companies in the music industry respond when peer-to-peer file sharing
threatened their business? Their first response was to sue the users of file
sharing software. They also kept looking for a technology which would make
it impossible to copy a CD or DVD. (Easy; Knowledge)
6. How does Nokia keep their organization open to change? Nokia finds that it is
important to periodically change the perspective of key decision makers. For
this purpose, they rotate heads of businesses to different posts to give them a
fresh perspective. Change in a company’s upper-level management is a
motivator for change at the organization level. (Medium; Comprehension)
7. Why did the Dvorak keyboard fail in change? When the typewriter was first
invented, the first prototypes of the keyboard would jam if the keys right
next to each other were hit at the same time. The manufacturers slowed
typists down by putting the most commonly used letters to the left hand side
and scattering the most frequently used letters all over the keyboard. Dvorak
provided a much more efficient design and allowed individuals to double
traditional typing speeds. The Dvorak keyboard never gained wide
acceptance because large numbers of people resisted the change. (Medium;
Knowledge)
8. Why do people resist change? People often resist change for the simple reason
that change disrupts our habits. (Easy; Comprehension)
Chapter 7, Section IV
True/False
1. According to Lewin, executing change without prior preparation is likely to lead
to failure. True (Medium; Knowledge)
2. In order to convince people that change is needed, the change leader must
convince every person individually. False: In order to convince people that
change is needed, the change leader does not have to convince every person
individually. (Medium; Comprehension)
4. Breaking up the proposed change into phases may be a bad idea because it creates
the wrong targets. False: Breaking up the proposed change into phases may be
a good idea because it creates smaller targets. (Medium; Comprehension)
Multiple Choice
1. A number of things organizations can do prior to change to prepare employees
include which of the following?:
a. Provide employees with HR support in the event they choose to leave the
organzaition.
b. Allow employees to participate
c. Effectively communicate the pros and cons of the expected change.
d. Unfreeze
(b: Medium; Comprehension)
2. Why do employees who participate in planning change efforts tend to have more
positive opinions about the change?
a. They have the opportunity to reject the proposed change
b. They will have the opportunity to know more than others about the change
c. They will be able to convince customers the change was the right thing to
do
d. They will feel a sense of ownership of planned change and are more likely
to be on board.
(d: Medium; Comprehension)
4. In order to make change permanent, the organization may benefit from sharing
the results of the change effort with:
a. Employees
b. Managers
c. Customers
d. Board members
(a: Medium; Comprehension)
Fill-in
1. One of the most useful frameworks in the area of change is the three-stage mode
of planned changed developed by psychologist _______________. (Kurt Lewin:
Medium; Knowledge)
Short Answer
1. Describe Kurt Lewin’s model of change. This model assumes that change will
encounter resistance. Lewin’s process of change emphasizes the importance
of preparation or unfreezing before change, and reinforcement of change
afterwards, or refreezing. (Easy; Knowledge)
3. How did Lou Gerstner, the former CEO of IBM, execute a successful
transformation of the company in the early 1990s? Gerstner achieved
cooperation by keeping the crisis front and center. He did not want to lose
the sense of urgency. (Medium; Comprehension)
Chapter 7, Section V
2. If you are trying to dramatically change the way things are done, you will find
resistance is lowest. False: If you are trying to dramatically change the
way things are done, you will find that resistance is greater. (Medium;
Knowledge)
Fill-in
1. When trying to persuade people to change their ways, it helps if you have a
____________ of suggesting implementable changes. (history: Medium;
Comprehension)
on the west side of the city] Render, westwards to the city. The
direction followed by the tunnel through which Hezekiah brought the
waters from the upper spring of Gihon (St Mary’s Well outside the
city) to the Pool of Siloam within the walls is roughly west or south-
west; see G. A. Smith, Jerusalem, 1. 102 f.
31. who sent] Read rather, with LXX., who had been sent.
the vision of Isaiah ... in the book of the kings] The reference is
apparently to Isaiah xxxvi. 2‒xxxix. 8 = 2 Kings xviii. 17‒xx. 21.
the host of heaven] See the note on xviii. 18. Compare 2 Kings
xvii. 16; Jeremiah viii. 2.
⁴And he built altars in the house of the Lord,
whereof the Lord said, In Jerusalem shall my
name be for ever.
4. shall my name be for ever] Compare vii. 16.
in the valley of the son of Hinnom] Compare Jeremiah vii. 31, 32.
14. an outer wall ... fish gate] “This can only mean that outside
the existing rampart of the citadel, on the ridge above the present
Virgin’s Spring [i.e. St Mary’s Well, see note, xxxii. 3], Manasseh
constructed another line of fortification which he carried northwards
past the Temple Mount, and round its northern slope,” G. A. Smith,
Jerusalem, 1. 208. The fish-gate was in the northern wall, probably
corresponding to the modern Damascus Gate (Jerusalem 1. 202).
Of Josiah only good is recorded in Kings: “he did that which was
right in the eyes of the Lord, and walked in all the way of David his
father, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left” (2 Kings
xxii. 2). In the eighteenth year of his reign he is said to have ordered
a repair of the Temple in the course of which a discovery was made
of a book of the Law. In consequence of its injunctions a thorough
reformation was carried out by Josiah, a solemn covenant with God
being entered into by the king and all the people, and attested first
by a crusade against all idolatrous images and symbols throughout
the land and then by a grand celebration of the Passover feast (2
Kings xxii. 3‒xxiii. 27). Obviously Josiah was a king after the
Chronicler’s own heart. He makes Josiah’s reforming energy begin
as early as his eighth year, causing some changes in the order of
events (see the note on verse 3). On the record of the Passover
feast the Chronicler has naturally fastened with special pleasure, and
he expands the brief allusions to it in Kings into a detailed account
occupying xxxv. 1‒19. His narrative of the death of Josiah differs
considerably from that in Kings. Several other minor variations are
pointed out in the notes below.
(2) Repair of the Temple and Finding of the Law; xxxiv. 8‒28.
In 2 Kings on the other hand (2) and (3) precede (1), and the
reforming activity of the king is accordingly placed subsequent to the
finding of the Law in the eighteenth year of his reign. There can be
little doubt that the order in Kings is correct. The Chronicler thought it
desirable that the piety of the king should be displayed earlier, and
he has therefore dated its commencement from the eighth and
twelfth years. [This is preferable to the suggestion that “eighth”
(bishĕmōneh) and “twelfth” (bishtēym ‘esreh) may be due to a
transcriptional error of “eighteenth” (bishĕmōneh ‘esreh).]
in their ruins] Remark the margin, “with their axes. The text is
probably corrupt.” The Versions afford no real help. A plausible
conjecture is given by Curtis, who would read, he laid waste their
houses.
the Levites, the keepers of the door] In 2 Kings xii. 9 the keepers
of the doors are called priests; compare 2 Kings xxv. 18.
10. and the workmen that wrought in the house of the Lord gave
it] The “workmen” are distinguished from the “carpenters and
builders” (verse 11); overseers of some kind are meant. To oversee
the work and to do the work may be synonymous phrases here as in
1 Chronicles xxiii. 4 and 1 Chronicles xxiii. verse 24. On the other
hand 2 Kings xxii. 5 favours the rendering “And they (i.e. Shaphan,
etc., and Hilkiah, verses 8, 9) delivered it into the hand of the
workmen that had the oversight ... and they (i.e. these overseers)
gave it to the workmen that wrought....” (Compare the margin.)
the book of the law] See the Additional Note at the end of the
chapter, pp. 337 ff.